strong_migrations 0.8.0 → 1.0.0

data/lib/strong_migrations/checker.rb

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 module StrongMigrations
   class Checker
+    include Checks
     include SafeMethods
 
-    attr_accessor :direction, :transaction_disabled
+    attr_accessor :direction, :transaction_disabled, :timeouts_set
 
     def initialize(migration)
       @migration = migration
       @new_tables = []
       @safe = false
       @timeouts_set = false
-      @lock_timeout_checked = false
+      @committed = false
     end
 
     def safety_assured
@@ -23,575 +24,174 @@ module StrongMigrations
     end
 
     def perform(method, *args)
+      check_version_supported
       set_timeouts
       check_lock_timeout
 
       if !safe? || safe_by_default_method?(method)
+        # TODO better pattern
+        # see checks.rb for methods
         case method
-        when :remove_column, :remove_columns, :remove_timestamps, :remove_reference, :remove_belongs_to
-          columns =
-            case method
-            when :remove_timestamps
-              ["created_at", "updated_at"]
-            when :remove_column
-              [args[1].to_s]
-            when :remove_columns
-              args[1..-1].map(&:to_s)
-            else
-              options = args[2] || {}
-              reference = args[1]
-              cols = []
-              cols << "#{reference}_type" if options[:polymorphic]
-              cols << "#{reference}_id"
-              cols
-            end
-
-          code = "self.ignored_columns = #{columns.inspect}"
-
-          raise_error :remove_column,
-            model: args[0].to_s.classify,
-            code: code,
-            command: command_str(method, args),
-            column_suffix: columns.size > 1 ? "s" : ""
-        when :change_table
-          raise_error :change_table, header: "Possibly dangerous operation"
-        when :rename_table
-          raise_error :rename_table
-        when :rename_column
-          raise_error :rename_column
-        when :add_index
-          table, columns, options = args
-          options ||= {}
-
-          if columns.is_a?(Array) && columns.size > 3 && !options[:unique]
-            raise_error :add_index_columns, header: "Best practice"
-          end
-          if postgresql? && options[:algorithm] != :concurrently && !new_table?(table)
-            return safe_add_index(table, columns, options) if StrongMigrations.safe_by_default
-            raise_error :add_index, command: command_str("add_index", [table, columns, options.merge(algorithm: :concurrently)])
-          end
-        when :remove_index
-          table, options = args
-          unless options.is_a?(Hash)
-            options = {column: options}
-          end
-          options ||= {}
-
-          if postgresql? && options[:algorithm] != :concurrently && !new_table?(table)
-            return safe_remove_index(table, options) if StrongMigrations.safe_by_default
-            raise_error :remove_index, command: command_str("remove_index", [table, options.merge(algorithm: :concurrently)])
-          end
+        when :add_check_constraint
+          check_add_check_constraint(args)
         when :add_column
-          table, column, type, options = args
-          options ||= {}
-          default = options[:default]
-
-          if !default.nil? && !add_column_default_safe?
-            if options[:null] == false
-              options = options.except(:null)
-              append = "
-
-Then add the NOT NULL constraint in separate migrations."
-            end
-
-            raise_error :add_column_default,
-              add_command: command_str("add_column", [table, column, type, options.except(:default)]),
-              change_command: command_str("change_column_default", [table, column, default]),
-              remove_command: command_str("remove_column", [table, column]),
-              code: backfill_code(table, column, default),
-              append: append,
-              rewrite_blocks: rewrite_blocks
-          end
-
-          if type.to_s == "json" && postgresql?
-            raise_error :add_column_json,
-              command: command_str("add_column", [table, column, :jsonb, options])
-          end
+          check_add_column(args)
+        when :add_foreign_key
+          check_add_foreign_key(args)
+        when :add_index
+          check_add_index(args)
+        when :add_reference, :add_belongs_to
+          check_add_reference(method, args)
         when :change_column
-          table, column, type, options = args
-          options ||= {}
-
-          safe = false
-          existing_column = connection.columns(table).find { |c| c.name.to_s == column.to_s }
-          if existing_column
-            existing_type = existing_column.sql_type.split("(").first
-            if postgresql?
-              case type.to_s
-              when "string"
-                # safe to increase limit or remove it
-                # not safe to decrease limit or add a limit
-                case existing_type
-                when "character varying"
-                  safe = !options[:limit] || (existing_column.limit && options[:limit] >= existing_column.limit)
-                when "text"
-                  safe = !options[:limit]
-                end
-              when "text"
-                # safe to change varchar to text (and text to text)
-                safe = ["character varying", "text"].include?(existing_type)
-              when "numeric", "decimal"
-                # numeric and decimal are equivalent and can be used interchangably
-                safe = ["numeric", "decimal"].include?(existing_type) &&
-                  (
-                    (
-                      # unconstrained
-                      !options[:precision] && !options[:scale]
-                    ) || (
-                      # increased precision, same scale
-                      options[:precision] && existing_column.precision &&
-                      options[:precision] >= existing_column.precision &&
-                      options[:scale] == existing_column.scale
-                    )
-                  )
-              when "datetime", "timestamp", "timestamptz"
-                safe = ["timestamp without time zone", "timestamp with time zone"].include?(existing_type) &&
-                  postgresql_version >= Gem::Version.new("12") &&
-                  connection.select_all("SHOW timezone").first["TimeZone"] == "UTC"
-              end
-            elsif mysql? || mariadb?
-              case type.to_s
-              when "string"
-                # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-online-ddl-operations.html
-                # https://mariadb.com/kb/en/innodb-online-ddl-operations-with-the-instant-alter-algorithm/#changing-the-data-type-of-a-column
-                # increased limit, but doesn't change number of length bytes
-                # 1-255 = 1 byte, 256-65532 = 2 bytes, 65533+ = too big for varchar
-                limit = options[:limit] || 255
-                safe = ["varchar"].include?(existing_type) &&
-                  limit >= existing_column.limit &&
-                  (limit <= 255 || existing_column.limit > 255)
-              end
-            end
-          end
-
-          # unsafe to set NOT NULL for safe types
-          if safe && existing_column.null && options[:null] == false
-            raise_error :change_column_with_not_null
-          end
-
-          raise_error :change_column, rewrite_blocks: rewrite_blocks unless safe
+          check_change_column(args)
+        when :change_column_null
+          check_change_column_null(args)
+        when :change_table
+          check_change_table
         when :create_table
-          table, options = args
-          options ||= {}
-
-          raise_error :create_table if options[:force]
-
-          # keep track of new tables of add_index check
-          @new_tables << table.to_s
-        when :add_reference, :add_belongs_to
-          table, reference, options = args
-          options ||= {}
-
-          if postgresql?
-            index_value = options.fetch(:index, true)
-            concurrently_set = index_value.is_a?(Hash) && index_value[:algorithm] == :concurrently
-            bad_index = index_value && !concurrently_set
-
-            if bad_index || options[:foreign_key]
-              if index_value.is_a?(Hash)
-                options[:index] = options[:index].merge(algorithm: :concurrently)
-              else
-                options = options.merge(index: {algorithm: :concurrently})
-              end
-
-              return safe_add_reference(table, reference, options) if StrongMigrations.safe_by_default
-
-              if options.delete(:foreign_key)
-                headline = "Adding a foreign key blocks writes on both tables."
-                append = "
-
-Then add the foreign key in separate migrations."
-              else
-                headline = "Adding an index non-concurrently locks the table."
-              end
-
-              raise_error :add_reference,
-                headline: headline,
-                command: command_str(method, [table, reference, options]),
-                append: append
-            end
-          end
+          check_create_table(args)
         when :execute
-          raise_error :execute, header: "Possibly dangerous operation"
-        when :change_column_null
-          table, column, null, default = args
-          if !null
-            if postgresql?
-              safe = false
-              if postgresql_version >= Gem::Version.new("12")
-                safe = constraints(table).any? { |c| c["def"] == "CHECK ((#{column} IS NOT NULL))" || c["def"] == "CHECK ((#{connection.quote_column_name(column)} IS NOT NULL))" }
-              end
-
-              unless safe
-                # match https://github.com/nullobject/rein
-                constraint_name = "#{table}_#{column}_null"
-
-                add_code = constraint_str("ALTER TABLE %s ADD CONSTRAINT %s CHECK (%s IS NOT NULL) NOT VALID", [table, constraint_name, column])
-                validate_code = constraint_str("ALTER TABLE %s VALIDATE CONSTRAINT %s", [table, constraint_name])
-                remove_code = constraint_str("ALTER TABLE %s DROP CONSTRAINT %s", [table, constraint_name])
-
-                constraint_methods = ar_version >= 6.1
-
-                validate_constraint_code =
-                  if constraint_methods
-                    String.new(command_str(:validate_check_constraint, [table, {name: constraint_name}]))
-                  else
-                    String.new(safety_assured_str(validate_code))
-                  end
-
-                if postgresql_version >= Gem::Version.new("12")
-                  change_args = [table, column, null]
-
-                  validate_constraint_code << "\n    #{command_str(:change_column_null, change_args)}"
-
-                  if constraint_methods
-                    validate_constraint_code << "\n    #{command_str(:remove_check_constraint, [table, {name: constraint_name}])}"
-                  else
-                    validate_constraint_code << "\n    #{safety_assured_str(remove_code)}"
-                  end
-                end
-
-                return safe_change_column_null(add_code, validate_code, change_args, remove_code) if StrongMigrations.safe_by_default
-
-                add_constraint_code =
-                  if constraint_methods
-                    # only quote when needed
-                    expr_column = column.to_s =~ /\A[a-z0-9_]+\z/ ? column : connection.quote_column_name(column)
-                    command_str(:add_check_constraint, [table, "#{expr_column} IS NOT NULL", {name: constraint_name, validate: false}])
-                  else
-                    safety_assured_str(add_code)
-                  end
-
-                raise_error :change_column_null_postgresql,
-                  add_constraint_code: add_constraint_code,
-                  validate_constraint_code: validate_constraint_code
-              end
-            elsif mysql? || mariadb?
-              raise_error :change_column_null_mysql
-            elsif !default.nil?
-              raise_error :change_column_null,
-                code: backfill_code(table, column, default)
-            end
-          end
-        when :add_foreign_key
-          from_table, to_table, options = args
-          options ||= {}
-
-          validate = options.fetch(:validate, true)
-
-          if postgresql? && validate
-            return safe_add_foreign_key(from_table, to_table, options) if StrongMigrations.safe_by_default
-
-            raise_error :add_foreign_key,
-              add_foreign_key_code: command_str("add_foreign_key", [from_table, to_table, options.merge(validate: false)]),
-              validate_foreign_key_code: command_str("validate_foreign_key", [from_table, to_table])
-          end
-        when :validate_foreign_key
-          if postgresql? && writes_blocked?
-            raise_error :validate_foreign_key
-          end
-        when :add_check_constraint
-          table, expression, options = args
-          options ||= {}
-
-          if !new_table?(table)
-            if postgresql? && options[:validate] != false
-              add_options = options.merge(validate: false)
-              name = options[:name] || @migration.check_constraint_options(table, expression, options)[:name]
-              validate_options = {name: name}
-
-              return safe_add_check_constraint(table, expression, add_options, validate_options) if StrongMigrations.safe_by_default
-
-              raise_error :add_check_constraint,
-                add_check_constraint_code: command_str("add_check_constraint", [table, expression, add_options]),
-                validate_check_constraint_code: command_str("validate_check_constraint", [table, validate_options])
-            elsif mysql? || mariadb?
-              raise_error :add_check_constraint_mysql
-            end
-          end
+          check_execute
+        when :remove_column, :remove_columns, :remove_timestamps, :remove_reference, :remove_belongs_to
+          check_remove_column(method, args)
+        when :remove_index
+          check_remove_index(args)
+        when :rename_column
+          check_rename_column
+        when :rename_table
+          check_rename_table
         when :validate_check_constraint
-          if postgresql? && writes_blocked?
-            raise_error :validate_check_constraint
-          end
+          check_validate_check_constraint
+        when :validate_foreign_key
+          check_validate_foreign_key
+        when :commit_db_transaction
+          # if committed, likely no longer in DDL transaction
+          # and no longer eligible to be retried at migration level
+          # okay to have false positives
+          @committed = true
         end
 
+        # custom checks
         StrongMigrations.checks.each do |check|
           @migration.instance_exec(method, args, &check)
         end
       end
 
-      result = yield
+      result =
+        if retry_lock_timeouts?(method)
+          # TODO figure out how to handle methods that generate multiple statements
+          # like add_reference(table, ref, index: {algorithm: :concurrently})
+          # lock timeout after first statement will cause retry to fail
+          retry_lock_timeouts { yield }
+        else
+          yield
+        end
 
       # outdated statistics + a new index can hurt performance of existing queries
       if StrongMigrations.auto_analyze && direction == :up && method == :add_index
-        analyze_table(args[0])
+        adapter.analyze_table(args[0])
       end
 
       result
     end
 
-    private
-
-    def set_timeouts
-      if !@timeouts_set
-        if StrongMigrations.statement_timeout
-          statement =
-            if postgresql?
-              "SET statement_timeout TO #{connection.quote(postgresql_timeout(StrongMigrations.statement_timeout))}"
-            elsif mysql?
-              # use ceil to prevent no timeout for values under 1 ms
-              "SET max_execution_time = #{connection.quote((StrongMigrations.statement_timeout.to_f * 1000).ceil)}"
-            elsif mariadb?
-              "SET max_statement_time = #{connection.quote(StrongMigrations.statement_timeout)}"
-            else
-              raise StrongMigrations::Error, "Statement timeout not supported for this database"
-            end
-
-          connection.select_all(statement)
-        end
-
-        if StrongMigrations.lock_timeout
-          statement =
-            if postgresql?
-              "SET lock_timeout TO #{connection.quote(postgresql_timeout(StrongMigrations.lock_timeout))}"
-            elsif mysql? || mariadb?
-              "SET lock_wait_timeout = #{connection.quote(StrongMigrations.lock_timeout)}"
-            else
-              raise StrongMigrations::Error, "Lock timeout not supported for this database"
-            end
-
-          connection.select_all(statement)
+    def retry_lock_timeouts(check_committed: false)
+      retries = 0
+      begin
+        yield
+      rescue ActiveRecord::LockWaitTimeout => e
+        if retries < StrongMigrations.lock_timeout_retries && !(check_committed && @committed)
+          retries += 1
+          delay = StrongMigrations.lock_timeout_retry_delay
+          @migration.say("Lock timeout. Retrying in #{delay} seconds...")
+          sleep(delay)
+          retry
         end
-
-        @timeouts_set = true
+        raise e
       end
     end
 
-    def connection
-      @migration.connection
-    end
-
-    def version
-      @migration.version
-    end
-
-    def safe?
-      @safe || ENV["SAFETY_ASSURED"] || (direction == :down && !StrongMigrations.check_down) || version_safe?
-    end
-
-    def version_safe?
-      version && version <= StrongMigrations.start_after
-    end
+    private
 
-    def postgresql?
-      connection.adapter_name =~ /postg/i # PostgreSQL, PostGIS
-    end
+    def check_version_supported
+      return if defined?(@version_checked)
 
-    def postgresql_version
-      @postgresql_version ||= begin
-        target_version(StrongMigrations.target_postgresql_version) do
-          # only works with major versions
-          connection.select_all("SHOW server_version_num").first["server_version_num"].to_i / 10000
+      min_version = adapter.min_version
+      if min_version
+        version = adapter.server_version
+        if version < Gem::Version.new(min_version)
+          raise UnsupportedVersion, "#{adapter.name} version (#{version}) not supported in this version of Strong Migrations (#{StrongMigrations::VERSION})"
         end
       end
-    end
 
-    def mysql?
-      connection.adapter_name =~ /mysql/i && !connection.try(:mariadb?)
+      @version_checked = true
     end
 
-    def mysql_version
-      @mysql_version ||= begin
-        target_version(StrongMigrations.target_mysql_version) do
-          connection.select_all("SELECT VERSION()").first["VERSION()"].split("-").first
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def mariadb?
-      connection.adapter_name =~ /mysql/i && connection.try(:mariadb?)
-    end
+    def set_timeouts
+      return if @timeouts_set
 
-    def mariadb_version
-      @mariadb_version ||= begin
-        target_version(StrongMigrations.target_mariadb_version) do
-          connection.select_all("SELECT VERSION()").first["VERSION()"].split("-").first
-        end
+      if StrongMigrations.statement_timeout
+        adapter.set_statement_timeout(StrongMigrations.statement_timeout)
       end
-    end
-
-    def target_version(target_version)
-      target_version ||= StrongMigrations.target_version
-      version =
-        if target_version && StrongMigrations.developer_env?
-          target_version.to_s
-        else
-          yield
-        end
-      Gem::Version.new(version)
-    end
-
-    def ar_version
-      ActiveRecord::VERSION::STRING.to_f
-    end
-
-    def check_lock_timeout
-      limit = StrongMigrations.lock_timeout_limit
-
-      if limit && !@lock_timeout_checked
-        if postgresql?
-          lock_timeout = connection.select_all("SHOW lock_timeout").first["lock_timeout"]
-          lock_timeout_sec = timeout_to_sec(lock_timeout)
-          if lock_timeout_sec == 0
-            warn "[strong_migrations] DANGER: No lock timeout set"
-          elsif lock_timeout_sec > limit
-            warn "[strong_migrations] DANGER: Lock timeout is longer than #{limit} seconds: #{lock_timeout}"
-          end
-        elsif mysql? || mariadb?
-          lock_timeout = connection.select_all("SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'lock_wait_timeout'").first["Value"]
-          # lock timeout is an integer
-          if lock_timeout.to_i > limit
-            warn "[strong_migrations] DANGER: Lock timeout is longer than #{limit} seconds: #{lock_timeout}"
-          end
-        end
-        @lock_timeout_checked = true
+      if StrongMigrations.lock_timeout
+        adapter.set_lock_timeout(StrongMigrations.lock_timeout)
       end
-    end
 
-    # units: https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/config-setting.html
-    def timeout_to_sec(timeout)
-      units = {
-        "us" => 0.001,
-        "ms" => 1,
-        "s" => 1000,
-        "min" => 1000 * 60,
-        "h" => 1000 * 60 * 60,
-        "d" => 1000 * 60 * 60 * 24
-      }
-      timeout_ms = timeout.to_i
-      units.each do |k, v|
-        if timeout.end_with?(k)
-          timeout_ms *= v
-          break
-        end
-      end
-      timeout_ms / 1000.0
+      @timeouts_set = true
     end
 
-    def postgresql_timeout(timeout)
-      if timeout.is_a?(String)
-        timeout
-      else
-        # use ceil to prevent no timeout for values under 1 ms
-        (timeout.to_f * 1000).ceil
-      end
-    end
+    def check_lock_timeout
+      return if defined?(@lock_timeout_checked)
 
-    def analyze_table(table)
-      if postgresql?
-        connection.execute "ANALYZE #{connection.quote_table_name(table.to_s)}"
-      elsif mariadb? || mysql?
-        connection.execute "ANALYZE TABLE #{connection.quote_table_name(table.to_s)}"
+      if StrongMigrations.lock_timeout_limit
+        adapter.check_lock_timeout(StrongMigrations.lock_timeout_limit)
       end
-    end
 
-    def constraints(table_name)
-      query = <<~SQL
-        SELECT
-          conname AS name,
-          pg_get_constraintdef(oid) AS def
-        FROM
-          pg_constraint
-        WHERE
-          contype = 'c' AND
-          convalidated AND
-          conrelid = #{connection.quote(connection.quote_table_name(table_name))}::regclass
-      SQL
-      connection.select_all(query.squish).to_a
+      @lock_timeout_checked = true
     end
 
-    def raise_error(message_key, header: nil, append: nil, **vars)
-      return unless StrongMigrations.check_enabled?(message_key, version: version)
-
-      message = StrongMigrations.error_messages[message_key] || "Missing message"
-      message = message + append if append
-
-      vars[:migration_name] = @migration.class.name
-      vars[:migration_suffix] = "[#{ActiveRecord::VERSION::MAJOR}.#{ActiveRecord::VERSION::MINOR}]"
-      vars[:base_model] = "ApplicationRecord"
-
-      # escape % not followed by {
-      message = message.gsub(/%(?!{)/, "%%") % vars if message.include?("%")
-      @migration.stop!(message, header: header || "Dangerous operation detected")
+    def safe?
+      @safe || ENV["SAFETY_ASSURED"] || (direction == :down && !StrongMigrations.check_down) || version_safe?
     end
 
-    def constraint_str(statement, identifiers)
-      # not all identifiers are tables, but this method of quoting should be fine
-      statement % identifiers.map { |v| connection.quote_table_name(v) }
+    def version_safe?
+      version && version <= StrongMigrations.start_after
     end
 
-    def safety_assured_str(code)
-      "safety_assured do\n      execute '#{code}' \n    end"
+    def version
+      @migration.version
     end
 
-    def command_str(command, args)
-      str_args = args[0..-2].map { |a| a.inspect }
-
-      # prettier last arg
-      last_arg = args[-1]
-      if last_arg.is_a?(Hash)
-        if last_arg.any?
-          str_args << last_arg.map do |k, v|
-            if v.is_a?(Hash)
-              # pretty index: {algorithm: :concurrently}
-              "#{k}: {#{v.map { |k2, v2| "#{k2}: #{v2.inspect}" }.join(", ")}}"
+    def adapter
+      @adapter ||= begin
+        cls =
+          case connection.adapter_name
+          when /postg/i # PostgreSQL, PostGIS
+            Adapters::PostgreSQLAdapter
+          when /mysql/i
+            if connection.try(:mariadb?)
+              Adapters::MariaDBAdapter
             else
-              "#{k}: #{v.inspect}"
+              Adapters::MySQLAdapter
             end
-          end.join(", ")
-        end
-      else
-        str_args << last_arg.inspect
-      end
-
-      "#{command} #{str_args.join(", ")}"
-    end
-
-    def writes_blocked?
-      query = <<~SQL
-        SELECT
-          relation::regclass::text
-        FROM
-          pg_locks
-        WHERE
-          mode IN ('ShareRowExclusiveLock', 'AccessExclusiveLock') AND
-          pid = pg_backend_pid()
-      SQL
-      connection.select_all(query.squish).any?
-    end
-
-    def rewrite_blocks
-      mysql? || mariadb? ? "writes" : "reads and writes"
-    end
+          else
+            Adapters::AbstractAdapter
+          end
 
-    def backfill_code(table, column, default)
-      model = table.to_s.classify
-      "#{model}.unscoped.in_batches do |relation| \n      relation.update_all #{column}: #{default.inspect}\n      sleep(0.01)\n    end"
+        cls.new(self)
+      end
     end
 
-    def new_table?(table)
-      @new_tables.include?(table.to_s)
+    def connection
+      @migration.connection
     end
 
-    def add_column_default_safe?
-      if postgresql?
-        postgresql_version >= Gem::Version.new("11")
-      elsif mysql?
-        mysql_version >= Gem::Version.new("8.0.12")
-      elsif mariadb?
-        mariadb_version >= Gem::Version.new("10.3.2")
-      else
-        false
-      end
+    def retry_lock_timeouts?(method)
+      (
+        StrongMigrations.lock_timeout_retries > 0 &&
+        !in_transaction? &&
+        method != :transaction
+      )
     end
   end
 end