spotted 0.1.0

data/lib/spotted/internal/util.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,915 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Spotted
+  module Internal
+    # @api private
+    module Util
+      # @api private
+      #
+      # @return [Float]
+      def self.monotonic_secs = Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
+
+      # @api private
+      #
+      # @param ns [Module, Class]
+      #
+      # @return [Enumerable<Module, Class>]
+      def self.walk_namespaces(ns)
+        ns.constants(false).lazy.flat_map do
+          case (c = ns.const_get(_1, false))
+          in Module | Class
+            walk_namespaces(c)
+          else
+            []
+          end
+        end
+          .chain([ns])
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @return [String]
+        def arch
+          case (arch = RbConfig::CONFIG["arch"])&.downcase
+          in nil
+            "unknown"
+          in /aarch64|arm64/
+            "arm64"
+          in /x86_64/
+            "x64"
+          in /arm/
+            "arm"
+          else
+            "other:#{arch}"
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @return [String]
+        def os
+          case (host = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_os"])&.downcase
+          in nil
+            "Unknown"
+          in /linux/
+            "Linux"
+          in /darwin/
+            "MacOS"
+          in /freebsd/
+            "FreeBSD"
+          in /openbsd/
+            "OpenBSD"
+          in /mswin|mingw|cygwin|ucrt/
+            "Windows"
+          else
+            "Other:#{host}"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param input [Object]
+        #
+        # @return [Boolean]
+        def primitive?(input)
+          case input
+          in true | false | Numeric | Symbol | String
+            true
+          else
+            false
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param input [String, Boolean]
+        #
+        # @return [Boolean, Object]
+        def coerce_boolean(input)
+          case input.is_a?(String) ? input.downcase : input
+          in "true"
+            true
+          in "false"
+            false
+          else
+            input
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param input [String, Boolean]
+        #
+        # @raise [ArgumentError]
+        # @return [Boolean, nil]
+        def coerce_boolean!(input)
+          case coerce_boolean(input)
+          in true | false | nil => coerced
+            coerced
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError.new("Unable to coerce #{input.inspect} into boolean value")
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param input [String, Integer]
+        #
+        # @return [Integer, Object]
+        def coerce_integer(input)
+          Integer(input, exception: false) || input
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param input [String, Integer, Float]
+        #
+        # @return [Float, Object]
+        def coerce_float(input)
+          Float(input, exception: false) || input
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param input [Object]
+        #
+        # @return [Hash{Object=>Object}, Object]
+        def coerce_hash(input)
+          case input
+          in NilClass | Array | Set | Enumerator | StringIO | IO
+            input
+          else
+            input.respond_to?(:to_h) ? input.to_h : input
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param input [Object]
+        #
+        # @raise [ArgumentError]
+        # @return [Hash{Object=>Object}, nil]
+        def coerce_hash!(input)
+          case coerce_hash(input)
+          in Hash | nil => coerced
+            coerced
+          else
+            message = "Expected a #{Hash} or #{Spotted::Internal::Type::BaseModel}, got #{data.inspect}"
+            raise ArgumentError.new(message)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param lhs [Object]
+        # @param rhs [Object]
+        # @param concat [Boolean]
+        #
+        # @return [Object]
+        private def deep_merge_lr(lhs, rhs, concat: false)
+          case [lhs, rhs, concat]
+          in [Hash, Hash, _]
+            lhs.merge(rhs) { deep_merge_lr(_2, _3, concat: concat) }
+          in [Array, Array, true]
+            lhs.concat(rhs)
+          else
+            rhs
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # Recursively merge one hash with another. If the values at a given key are not
+        # both hashes, just take the new value.
+        #
+        # @param values [Array<Object>]
+        #
+        # @param sentinel [Object, nil] the value to return if no values are provided.
+        #
+        # @param concat [Boolean] whether to merge sequences by concatenation.
+        #
+        # @return [Object]
+        def deep_merge(*values, sentinel: nil, concat: false)
+          case values
+          in [value, *values]
+            values.reduce(value) do |acc, val|
+              deep_merge_lr(acc, val, concat: concat)
+            end
+          else
+            sentinel
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param data [Hash{Symbol=>Object}, Array<Object>, Object]
+        # @param pick [Symbol, Integer, Array<Symbol, Integer>, Proc, nil]
+        # @param blk [Proc, nil]
+        #
+        # @return [Object, nil]
+        def dig(data, pick, &blk)
+          case [data, pick]
+          in [_, nil]
+            data
+          in [Hash, Symbol] | [Array, Integer]
+            data.fetch(pick) { blk&.call }
+          in [Hash | Array, Array]
+            pick.reduce(data) do |acc, key|
+              case acc
+              in Hash if acc.key?(key)
+                acc.fetch(key)
+              in Array if key.is_a?(Integer) && key < acc.length
+                acc[key]
+              else
+                return blk&.call
+              end
+            end
+          in [_, Proc]
+            pick.call(data)
+          else
+            blk&.call
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param uri [URI::Generic]
+        #
+        # @return [String]
+        def uri_origin(uri)
+          "#{uri.scheme}://#{uri.host}#{":#{uri.port}" unless uri.port == uri.default_port}"
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param path [String, Array<String>]
+        #
+        # @return [String]
+        def interpolate_path(path)
+          case path
+          in String
+            path
+          in []
+            ""
+          in [String => p, *interpolations]
+            encoded = interpolations.map { ERB::Util.url_encode(_1) }
+            format(p, *encoded)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param query [String, nil]
+        #
+        # @return [Hash{String=>Array<String>}]
+        def decode_query(query)
+          CGI.parse(query.to_s)
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param query [Hash{String=>Array<String>, String, nil}, nil]
+        #
+        # @return [String, nil]
+        def encode_query(query)
+          query.to_h.empty? ? nil : URI.encode_www_form(query)
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param url [URI::Generic, String]
+        #
+        # @return [Hash{Symbol=>String, Integer, nil}]
+        def parse_uri(url)
+          parsed = URI::Generic.component.zip(URI.split(url)).to_h
+          {**parsed, query: decode_query(parsed.fetch(:query))}
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param parsed [Hash{Symbol=>String, Integer, nil}] .
+        #
+        #   @option parsed [String, nil] :scheme
+        #
+        #   @option parsed [String, nil] :host
+        #
+        #   @option parsed [Integer, nil] :port
+        #
+        #   @option parsed [String, nil] :path
+        #
+        #   @option parsed [Hash{String=>Array<String>}] :query
+        #
+        # @return [URI::Generic]
+        def unparse_uri(parsed)
+          URI::Generic.build(**parsed, query: encode_query(parsed.fetch(:query)))
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param lhs [Hash{Symbol=>String, Integer, nil}] .
+        #
+        #   @option lhs [String, nil] :scheme
+        #
+        #   @option lhs [String, nil] :host
+        #
+        #   @option lhs [Integer, nil] :port
+        #
+        #   @option lhs [String, nil] :path
+        #
+        #   @option lhs [Hash{String=>Array<String>}] :query
+        #
+        # @param rhs [Hash{Symbol=>String, Integer, nil}] .
+        #
+        #   @option rhs [String, nil] :scheme
+        #
+        #   @option rhs [String, nil] :host
+        #
+        #   @option rhs [Integer, nil] :port
+        #
+        #   @option rhs [String, nil] :path
+        #
+        #   @option rhs [Hash{String=>Array<String>}] :query
+        #
+        # @return [URI::Generic]
+        def join_parsed_uri(lhs, rhs)
+          base_path, base_query = lhs.fetch_values(:path, :query)
+          slashed = base_path.end_with?("/") ? base_path : "#{base_path}/"
+
+          merged = {**parse_uri(rhs.fetch(:path)), **rhs.except(:path, :query)}
+          parsed_path, parsed_query = merged.fetch_values(:path, :query)
+          override = URI::Generic.build(**merged.slice(:scheme, :host, :port), path: parsed_path)
+
+          joined = URI.join(URI::Generic.build(lhs.except(:path, :query)), slashed, override)
+          query = deep_merge(
+            joined.path == base_path ? base_query : {},
+            parsed_query,
+            rhs[:query].to_h,
+            concat: true
+          )
+
+          joined.query = encode_query(query)
+          joined
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param headers [Hash{String=>String, Integer, Array<String, Integer, nil>, nil}]
+        #
+        # @return [Hash{String=>String}]
+        def normalized_headers(*headers)
+          {}.merge(*headers.compact).to_h do |key, val|
+            value =
+              case val
+              in Array
+                val.filter_map { _1&.to_s&.strip }.join(", ")
+              else
+                val&.to_s&.strip
+              end
+            [key.downcase, value]
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @api private
+      #
+      # An adapter that satisfies the IO interface required by `::IO.copy_stream`
+      class ReadIOAdapter
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @return [Boolean, nil]
+        def close? = @closing
+
+        # @api private
+        def close
+          case @stream
+          in Enumerator
+            Spotted::Internal::Util.close_fused!(@stream)
+          in IO if close?
+            @stream.close
+          else
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param max_len [Integer, nil]
+        #
+        # @return [String]
+        private def read_enum(max_len)
+          case max_len
+          in nil
+            @stream.to_a.join
+          in Integer
+            @buf << @stream.next while @buf.length < max_len
+            @buf.slice!(..max_len)
+          end
+        rescue StopIteration
+          @stream = nil
+          @buf.slice!(0..)
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param max_len [Integer, nil]
+        # @param out_string [String, nil]
+        #
+        # @return [String, nil]
+        def read(max_len = nil, out_string = nil)
+          case @stream
+          in nil
+            nil
+          in IO | StringIO
+            @stream.read(max_len, out_string)
+          in Enumerator
+            read = read_enum(max_len)
+            case out_string
+            in String
+              out_string.replace(read)
+            in nil
+              read
+            end
+          end
+            .tap(&@blk)
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param src [String, Pathname, StringIO, Enumerable<String>]
+        # @param blk [Proc]
+        #
+        # @yieldparam [String]
+        def initialize(src, &blk)
+          @stream =
+            case src
+            in String
+              StringIO.new(src)
+            in Pathname
+              @closing = true
+              src.open(binmode: true)
+            else
+              src
+            end
+          @buf = String.new
+          @blk = blk
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @param blk [Proc]
+        #
+        # @yieldparam [Enumerator::Yielder]
+        # @return [Enumerable<String>]
+        def writable_enum(&blk)
+          Enumerator.new do |y|
+            y.define_singleton_method(:write) do
+              self << _1.dup
+              _1.bytesize
+            end
+
+            blk.call(y)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @type [Regexp]
+      JSON_CONTENT = %r{^application/(?:vnd(?:\.[^.]+)*\+)?json(?!l)}
+      # @type [Regexp]
+      JSONL_CONTENT = %r{^application/(:?x-(?:n|l)djson)|(:?(?:x-)?jsonl)}
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param y [Enumerator::Yielder]
+        # @param val [Object]
+        # @param closing [Array<Proc>]
+        # @param content_type [String, nil]
+        private def write_multipart_content(y, val:, closing:, content_type: nil)
+          content_line = "Content-Type: %s\r\n\r\n"
+
+          case val
+          in Spotted::FilePart
+            return write_multipart_content(
+              y,
+              val: val.content,
+              closing: closing,
+              content_type: val.content_type
+            )
+          in Pathname
+            y << format(content_line, content_type || "application/octet-stream")
+            io = val.open(binmode: true)
+            closing << io.method(:close)
+            IO.copy_stream(io, y)
+          in IO
+            y << format(content_line, content_type || "application/octet-stream")
+            IO.copy_stream(val, y)
+          in StringIO
+            y << format(content_line, content_type || "application/octet-stream")
+            y << val.string
+          in -> { primitive?(_1) }
+            y << format(content_line, content_type || "text/plain")
+            y << val.to_s
+          else
+            y << format(content_line, content_type || "application/json")
+            y << JSON.generate(val)
+          end
+          y << "\r\n"
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param y [Enumerator::Yielder]
+        # @param boundary [String]
+        # @param key [Symbol, String]
+        # @param val [Object]
+        # @param closing [Array<Proc>]
+        private def write_multipart_chunk(y, boundary:, key:, val:, closing:)
+          y << "--#{boundary}\r\n"
+          y << "Content-Disposition: form-data"
+
+          unless key.nil?
+            name = ERB::Util.url_encode(key.to_s)
+            y << "; name=\"#{name}\""
+          end
+
+          case val
+          in Spotted::FilePart unless val.filename.nil?
+            filename = ERB::Util.url_encode(val.filename)
+            y << "; filename=\"#{filename}\""
+          in Pathname | IO
+            filename = ERB::Util.url_encode(::File.basename(val.to_path))
+            y << "; filename=\"#{filename}\""
+          else
+          end
+          y << "\r\n"
+
+          write_multipart_content(y, val: val, closing: closing)
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # https://github.com/OAI/OpenAPI-Specification/blob/main/versions/3.1.1.md#special-considerations-for-multipart-content
+        #
+        # @param body [Object]
+        #
+        # @return [Array(String, Enumerable<String>)]
+        private def encode_multipart_streaming(body)
+          # RFC 1521 Section 7.2.1 says we should have 70 char maximum for boundary length
+          boundary = SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64(46)
+
+          closing = []
+          strio = writable_enum do |y|
+            case body
+            in Hash
+              body.each do |key, val|
+                case val
+                in Array if val.all? { primitive?(_1) }
+                  val.each do |v|
+                    write_multipart_chunk(y, boundary: boundary, key: key, val: v, closing: closing)
+                  end
+                else
+                  write_multipart_chunk(y, boundary: boundary, key: key, val: val, closing: closing)
+                end
+              end
+            else
+              write_multipart_chunk(y, boundary: boundary, key: nil, val: body, closing: closing)
+            end
+            y << "--#{boundary}--\r\n"
+          end
+
+          fused_io = fused_enum(strio) { closing.each(&:call) }
+          [boundary, fused_io]
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param headers [Hash{String=>String}]
+        # @param body [Object]
+        #
+        # @return [Object]
+        def encode_content(headers, body)
+          # rubocop:disable Style/CaseEquality
+          # rubocop:disable Layout/LineLength
+          content_type = headers["content-type"]
+          case [content_type, body]
+          in [Spotted::Internal::Util::JSON_CONTENT, Hash | Array | -> { primitive?(_1) }]
+            [headers, JSON.generate(body)]
+          in [Spotted::Internal::Util::JSONL_CONTENT, Enumerable] unless Spotted::Internal::Type::FileInput === body
+            [headers, body.lazy.map { JSON.generate(_1) }]
+          in [%r{^multipart/form-data}, Hash | Spotted::Internal::Type::FileInput]
+            boundary, strio = encode_multipart_streaming(body)
+            headers = {**headers, "content-type" => "#{content_type}; boundary=#{boundary}"}
+            [headers, strio]
+          in [_, Symbol | Numeric]
+            [headers, body.to_s]
+          in [_, StringIO]
+            [headers, body.string]
+          in [_, Spotted::FilePart]
+            [headers, body.content]
+          else
+            [headers, body]
+          end
+          # rubocop:enable Layout/LineLength
+          # rubocop:enable Style/CaseEquality
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets/character-sets.xhtml
+        #
+        # @param content_type [String]
+        # @param text [String]
+        def force_charset!(content_type, text:)
+          charset = /charset=([^;\s]+)/.match(content_type)&.captures&.first
+
+          return unless charset
+
+          begin
+            encoding = Encoding.find(charset)
+            text.force_encoding(encoding)
+          rescue ArgumentError
+            nil
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # Assumes each chunk in stream has `Encoding::BINARY`.
+        #
+        # @param headers [Hash{String=>String}]
+        # @param stream [Enumerable<String>]
+        # @param suppress_error [Boolean]
+        #
+        # @raise [JSON::ParserError]
+        # @return [Object]
+        def decode_content(headers, stream:, suppress_error: false)
+          case (content_type = headers["content-type"])
+          in Spotted::Internal::Util::JSON_CONTENT
+            json = stream.to_a.join
+            begin
+              JSON.parse(json, symbolize_names: true)
+            rescue JSON::ParserError => e
+              raise e unless suppress_error
+              json
+            end
+          in Spotted::Internal::Util::JSONL_CONTENT
+            lines = decode_lines(stream)
+            chain_fused(lines) do |y|
+              lines.each { y << JSON.parse(_1, symbolize_names: true) }
+            end
+          in %r{^text/event-stream}
+            lines = decode_lines(stream)
+            decode_sse(lines)
+          else
+            text = stream.to_a.join
+            force_charset!(content_type, text: text)
+            StringIO.new(text)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FusedIterator.html
+        #
+        # @param enum [Enumerable<Object>]
+        # @param external [Boolean]
+        # @param close [Proc]
+        #
+        # @return [Enumerable<Object>]
+        def fused_enum(enum, external: false, &close)
+          fused = false
+          iter = Enumerator.new do |y|
+            next if fused
+
+            fused = true
+            if external
+              loop { y << enum.next }
+            else
+              enum.each(&y)
+            end
+          ensure
+            close&.call
+            close = nil
+          end
+
+          iter.define_singleton_method(:rewind) do
+            fused = true
+            self
+          end
+          iter
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param enum [Enumerable<Object>, nil]
+        def close_fused!(enum)
+          return unless enum.is_a?(Enumerator)
+
+          # rubocop:disable Lint/UnreachableLoop
+          enum.rewind.each { break }
+          # rubocop:enable Lint/UnreachableLoop
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param enum [Enumerable<Object>, nil]
+        # @param blk [Proc]
+        #
+        # @yieldparam [Enumerator::Yielder]
+        # @return [Enumerable<Object>]
+        def chain_fused(enum, &blk)
+          iter = Enumerator.new { blk.call(_1) }
+          fused_enum(iter) { close_fused!(enum) }
+        end
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # Assumes Strings have been forced into having `Encoding::BINARY`.
+        #
+        # This decoder is responsible for reassembling lines split across multiple
+        # fragments.
+        #
+        # @param enum [Enumerable<String>]
+        #
+        # @return [Enumerable<String>]
+        def decode_lines(enum)
+          re = /(\r\n|\r|\n)/
+          buffer = String.new
+          cr_seen = nil
+
+          chain_fused(enum) do |y|
+            enum.each do |row|
+              offset = buffer.bytesize
+              buffer << row
+              while (match = re.match(buffer, cr_seen&.to_i || offset))
+                case [match.captures.first, cr_seen]
+                in ["\r", nil]
+                  cr_seen = match.end(1)
+                  next
+                in ["\r" | "\r\n", Integer]
+                  y << buffer.slice!(..(cr_seen.pred))
+                else
+                  y << buffer.slice!(..(match.end(1).pred))
+                end
+                offset = 0
+                cr_seen = nil
+              end
+            end
+
+            y << buffer.slice!(..(cr_seen.pred)) unless cr_seen.nil?
+            y << buffer unless buffer.empty?
+          end
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html#parsing-an-event-stream
+        #
+        # Assumes that `lines` has been decoded with `#decode_lines`.
+        #
+        # @param lines [Enumerable<String>]
+        #
+        # @return [Enumerable<Hash{Symbol=>Object}>]
+        def decode_sse(lines)
+          # rubocop:disable Metrics/BlockLength
+          chain_fused(lines) do |y|
+            blank = {event: nil, data: nil, id: nil, retry: nil}
+            current = {}
+
+            lines.each do |line|
+              case line.sub(/\R$/, "")
+              in ""
+                next if current.empty?
+                y << {**blank, **current}
+                current = {}
+              in /^:/
+                next
+              in /^([^:]+):\s?(.*)$/
+                field, value = Regexp.last_match.captures
+                case field
+                in "event"
+                  current.merge!(event: value)
+                in "data"
+                  (current[:data] ||= String.new) << (value << "\n")
+                in "id" unless value.include?("\0")
+                  current.merge!(id: value)
+                in "retry" if /^\d+$/ =~ value
+                  current.merge!(retry: Integer(value))
+                else
+                end
+              else
+              end
+            end
+            # rubocop:enable Metrics/BlockLength
+
+            y << {**blank, **current} unless current.empty?
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @api private
+      module SorbetRuntimeSupport
+        class MissingSorbetRuntimeError < ::RuntimeError
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @return [Hash{Symbol=>Object}]
+        private def sorbet_runtime_constants = @sorbet_runtime_constants ||= {}
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param name [Symbol]
+        def const_missing(name)
+          super unless sorbet_runtime_constants.key?(name)
+
+          unless Object.const_defined?(:T)
+            message = "Trying to access a Sorbet constant #{name.inspect} without `sorbet-runtime`."
+            raise MissingSorbetRuntimeError.new(message)
+          end
+
+          sorbet_runtime_constants.fetch(name).call
+        end
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param name [Symbol]
+        #
+        # @return [Boolean]
+        def sorbet_constant_defined?(name) = sorbet_runtime_constants.key?(name)
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @param name [Symbol]
+        # @param blk [Proc]
+        def define_sorbet_constant!(name, &blk) = sorbet_runtime_constants.store(name, blk)
+
+        # @api private
+        #
+        # @return [Object]
+        def to_sorbet_type = raise NotImplementedError
+
+        class << self
+          # @api private
+          #
+          # @param type [Spotted::Internal::Util::SorbetRuntimeSupport, Object]
+          #
+          # @return [Object]
+          def to_sorbet_type(type)
+            case type
+            in Spotted::Internal::Util::SorbetRuntimeSupport
+              type.to_sorbet_type
+            in Class | Module
+              type
+            in true | false
+              T::Boolean
+            else
+              type.class
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      extend Spotted::Internal::Util::SorbetRuntimeSupport
+
+      define_sorbet_constant!(:ParsedUri) do
+        T.type_alias do
+          {
+            scheme: T.nilable(String),
+            host: T.nilable(String),
+            port: T.nilable(Integer),
+            path: T.nilable(String),
+            query: T::Hash[String, T::Array[String]]
+          }
+        end
+      end
+
+      define_sorbet_constant!(:ServerSentEvent) do
+        T.type_alias do
+          {
+            event: T.nilable(String),
+            data: T.nilable(String),
+            id: T.nilable(String),
+            retry: T.nilable(Integer)
+          }
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end