soca 0.1.0

data/test/testapp/js/vendor/sammy-0.5.4.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1403 @@
+// name: sammy
+// version: 0.5.4
+
+(function($) {
+
+  var Sammy,
+      PATH_REPLACER = "([^\/]+)",
+      PATH_NAME_MATCHER = /:([\w\d]+)/g,
+      QUERY_STRING_MATCHER = /\?([^#]*)$/,
+      // mainly for making `arguments` an Array
+      _makeArray = function(nonarray) { return Array.prototype.slice.call(nonarray); },
+      // borrowed from jQuery
+      _isFunction = function( obj ) { return Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === "[object Function]"; },
+      _isArray = function( obj ) { return Object.prototype.toString.call(obj) === "[object Array]"; },
+      _decode = decodeURIComponent,
+      _routeWrapper = function(verb) {
+        return function(path, callback) { return this.route.apply(this, [verb, path, callback]); };
+      },
+      loggers = [];
+
+
+  // `Sammy` (also aliased as $.sammy) is not only the namespace for a
+  // number of prototypes, its also a top level method that allows for easy
+  // creation/management of `Sammy.Application` instances. There are a
+  // number of different forms for `Sammy()` but each returns an instance
+  // of `Sammy.Application`. When a new instance is created using
+  // `Sammy` it is added to an Object called `Sammy.apps`. This
+  // provides for an easy way to get at existing Sammy applications. Only one
+  // instance is allowed per `element_selector` so when calling
+  // `Sammy('selector')` multiple times, the first time will create
+  // the application and the following times will extend the application
+  // already added to that selector.
+  //
+  // ### Example
+  //
+  //      // returns the app at #main or a new app
+  //      Sammy('#main')
+  //
+  //      // equivilent to "new Sammy.Application", except appends to apps
+  //      Sammy();
+  //      Sammy(function() { ... });
+  //
+  //      // extends the app at '#main' with function.
+  //      Sammy('#main', function() { ... });
+  //
+  Sammy = function() {
+    var args = _makeArray(arguments),
+        app, selector;
+    Sammy.apps = Sammy.apps || {};
+    if (args.length === 0 || args[0] && _isFunction(args[0])) { // Sammy()
+      return Sammy.apply(Sammy, ['body'].concat(args));
+    } else if (typeof (selector = args.shift()) == 'string') { // Sammy('#main')
+      app = Sammy.apps[selector] || new Sammy.Application();
+      app.element_selector = selector;
+      if (args.length > 0) {
+        $.each(args, function(i, plugin) {
+          app.use(plugin);
+        });
+      }
+      // if the selector changes make sure the refrence in Sammy.apps changes
+      if (app.element_selector != selector) {
+        delete Sammy.apps[selector];
+      }
+      Sammy.apps[app.element_selector] = app;
+      return app;
+    }
+  };
+
+  Sammy.VERSION = '0.5.4';
+
+  // Add to the global logger pool. Takes a function that accepts an
+  // unknown number of arguments and should print them or send them somewhere
+  // The first argument is always a timestamp.
+  Sammy.addLogger = function(logger) {
+    loggers.push(logger);
+  };
+
+  // Sends a log message to each logger listed in the global
+  // loggers pool. Can take any number of arguments.
+  // Also prefixes the arguments with a timestamp.
+  Sammy.log = function()  {
+    var args = _makeArray(arguments);
+    args.unshift("[" + Date() + "]");
+    $.each(loggers, function(i, logger) {
+      logger.apply(Sammy, args);
+    });
+  };
+
+  if (typeof window.console != 'undefined') {
+    if (_isFunction(console.log.apply)) {
+      Sammy.addLogger(function() {
+        window.console.log.apply(console, arguments);
+      });
+    } else {
+      Sammy.addLogger(function() {
+        window.console.log(arguments);
+      });
+    }
+  } else if (typeof console != 'undefined') {
+    Sammy.addLogger(function() {
+      console.log.apply(console, arguments);
+    });
+  }
+
+  $.extend(Sammy, {
+    makeArray: _makeArray,
+    isFunction: _isFunction,
+    isArray: _isArray
+  })
+
+  // Sammy.Object is the base for all other Sammy classes. It provides some useful
+  // functionality, including cloning, iterating, etc.
+  Sammy.Object = function(obj) { // constructor
+    return $.extend(this, obj || {});
+  };
+
+  $.extend(Sammy.Object.prototype, {
+
+    // Returns a copy of the object with Functions removed.
+    toHash: function() {
+      var json = {};
+      $.each(this, function(k,v) {
+        if (!_isFunction(v)) {
+          json[k] = v;
+        }
+      });
+      return json;
+    },
+
+    // Renders a simple HTML version of this Objects attributes.
+    // Does not render functions.
+    // For example. Given this Sammy.Object:
+    //
+    //    var s = new Sammy.Object({first_name: 'Sammy', last_name: 'Davis Jr.'});
+    //    s.toHTML() //=> '<strong>first_name</strong> Sammy<br /><strong>last_name</strong> Davis Jr.<br />'
+    //
+    toHTML: function() {
+      var display = "";
+      $.each(this, function(k, v) {
+        if (!_isFunction(v)) {
+          display += "<strong>" + k + "</strong> " + v + "<br />";
+        }
+      });
+      return display;
+    },
+
+    // Returns an array of keys for this object. If `attributes_only`
+    // is true will not return keys that map to a `function()`
+    keys: function(attributes_only) {
+      var keys = [];
+      for (var property in this) {
+        if (!_isFunction(this[property]) || !attributes_only) {
+          keys.push(property);
+        }
+      }
+      return keys;
+    },
+
+    // Checks if the object has a value at `key` and that the value is not empty
+    has: function(key) {
+      return this[key] && $.trim(this[key].toString()) != '';
+    },
+
+    // convenience method to join as many arguments as you want
+    // by the first argument - useful for making paths
+    join: function() {
+      var args = _makeArray(arguments);
+      var delimiter = args.shift();
+      return args.join(delimiter);
+    },
+
+    // Shortcut to Sammy.log
+    log: function() {
+      Sammy.log.apply(Sammy, arguments);
+    },
+
+    // Returns a string representation of this object.
+    // if `include_functions` is true, it will also toString() the
+    // methods of this object. By default only prints the attributes.
+    toString: function(include_functions) {
+      var s = [];
+      $.each(this, function(k, v) {
+        if (!_isFunction(v) || include_functions) {
+          s.push('"' + k + '": ' + v.toString());
+        }
+      });
+      return "Sammy.Object: {" + s.join(',') + "}";
+    }
+  });
+
+  // The HashLocationProxy is the default location proxy for all Sammy applications.
+  // A location proxy is a prototype that conforms to a simple interface. The purpose
+  // of a location proxy is to notify the Sammy.Application its bound to when the location
+  // or 'external state' changes. The HashLocationProxy considers the state to be
+  // changed when the 'hash' (window.location.hash / '#') changes. It does this in two
+  // different ways depending on what browser you are using. The newest browsers
+  // (IE, Safari > 4, FF >= 3.6) support a 'onhashchange' DOM event, thats fired whenever
+  // the location.hash changes. In this situation the HashLocationProxy just binds
+  // to this event and delegates it to the application. In the case of older browsers
+  // a poller is set up to track changes to the hash. Unlike Sammy 0.3 or earlier,
+  // the HashLocationProxy allows the poller to be a global object, eliminating the
+  // need for multiple pollers even when thier are multiple apps on the page.
+  Sammy.HashLocationProxy = function(app, run_interval_every) {
+    this.app = app;
+    // set is native to false and start the poller immediately
+    this.is_native = false;
+    this._startPolling(run_interval_every);
+  };
+
+  Sammy.HashLocationProxy.prototype = {
+    // bind the proxy events to the current app.
+    bind: function() {
+      var proxy = this, app = this.app;
+      $(window).bind('hashchange.' + this.app.eventNamespace(), function(e, non_native) {
+        // if we receive a native hash change event, set the proxy accordingly
+        // and stop polling
+        if (proxy.is_native === false && !non_native) {
+          Sammy.log('native hash change exists, using');
+          proxy.is_native = true;
+          clearInterval(Sammy.HashLocationProxy._interval);
+        }
+        app.trigger('location-changed');
+      });
+    },
+    // unbind the proxy events from the current app
+    unbind: function() {
+      $(window).unbind('hashchange.' + this.app.eventNamespace());
+    },
+    // get the current location from the hash.
+    getLocation: function() {
+     // Bypass the `window.location.hash` attribute.  If a question mark
+      // appears in the hash IE6 will strip it and all of the following
+      // characters from `window.location.hash`.
+      var matches = window.location.toString().match(/^[^#]*(#.+)$/);
+      return matches ? matches[1] : '';
+    },
+    // set the current location to `new_location`
+    setLocation: function(new_location) {
+      return (window.location = new_location);
+    },
+
+    _startPolling: function(every) {
+      // set up interval
+      var proxy = this;
+      if (!Sammy.HashLocationProxy._interval) {
+        if (!every) { every = 10; }
+        var hashCheck = function() {
+          current_location = proxy.getLocation();
+          if (!Sammy.HashLocationProxy._last_location ||
+            current_location != Sammy.HashLocationProxy._last_location) {
+            setTimeout(function() {
+              $(window).trigger('hashchange', [true]);
+            }, 1);
+          }
+          Sammy.HashLocationProxy._last_location = current_location;
+        };
+        hashCheck();
+        Sammy.HashLocationProxy._interval = setInterval(hashCheck, every);
+        $(window).bind('beforeunload', function() {
+          clearInterval(Sammy.HashLocationProxy._interval);
+        });
+      }
+    }
+  };
+
+  // The DataLocationProxy is an optional location proxy prototype. As opposed to
+  // the `HashLocationProxy` it gets its location from a jQuery.data attribute
+  // tied to the application's element. You can set the name of the attribute by
+  // passing a string as the second argument to the constructor. The default attribute
+  // name is 'sammy-location'. To read more about location proxies, check out the
+  // documentation for `Sammy.HashLocationProxy`
+  Sammy.DataLocationProxy = function(app, data_name) {
+    this.app = app;
+    this.data_name = data_name || 'sammy-location';
+  };
+
+  Sammy.DataLocationProxy.prototype = {
+    bind: function() {
+      var proxy = this;
+      this.app.$element().bind('setData', function(e, key, value) {
+        if (key == proxy.data_name) {
+          // jQuery unfortunately fires the event before it sets the value
+          // work around it, by setting the value ourselves
+          proxy.app.$element().each(function() {
+            $.data(this, proxy.data_name, value);
+          });
+          proxy.app.trigger('location-changed');
+        }
+      });
+    },
+
+    unbind: function() {
+      this.app.$element().unbind('setData');
+    },
+
+    getLocation: function() {
+      return this.app.$element().data(this.data_name);
+    },
+
+    setLocation: function(new_location) {
+      return this.app.$element().data(this.data_name, new_location);
+    }
+  };
+
+  // Sammy.Application is the Base prototype for defining 'applications'.
+  // An 'application' is a collection of 'routes' and bound events that is
+  // attached to an element when `run()` is called.
+  // The only argument an 'app_function' is evaluated within the context of the application.
+  Sammy.Application = function(app_function) {
+    var app = this;
+    this.routes            = {};
+    this.listeners         = new Sammy.Object({});
+    this.arounds           = [];
+    this.befores           = [];
+    // generate a unique namespace
+    this.namespace         = (new Date()).getTime() + '-' + parseInt(Math.random() * 1000, 10);
+    this.context_prototype = function() { Sammy.EventContext.apply(this, arguments); };
+    this.context_prototype.prototype = new Sammy.EventContext();
+
+    if (_isFunction(app_function)) {
+      app_function.apply(this, [this]);
+    }
+    // set the location proxy if not defined to the default (HashLocationProxy)
+    if (!this.location_proxy) {
+      this.location_proxy = new Sammy.HashLocationProxy(app, this.run_interval_every);
+    }
+    if (this.debug) {
+      this.bindToAllEvents(function(e, data) {
+        app.log(app.toString(), e.cleaned_type, data || {});
+      });
+    }
+  };
+
+  Sammy.Application.prototype = $.extend({}, Sammy.Object.prototype, {
+
+    // the four route verbs
+    ROUTE_VERBS: ['get','post','put','delete'],
+
+    // An array of the default events triggered by the
+    // application during its lifecycle
+    APP_EVENTS: ['run','unload','lookup-route','run-route','route-found','event-context-before','event-context-after','changed','error','check-form-submission','redirect'],
+
+    _last_route: null,
+    _running: false,
+
+    // Defines what element the application is bound to. Provide a selector
+    // (parseable by `jQuery()`) and this will be used by `$element()`
+    element_selector: 'body',
+
+    // When set to true, logs all of the default events using `log()`
+    debug: false,
+
+    // When set to true, and the error() handler is not overriden, will actually
+    // raise JS errors in routes (500) and when routes can't be found (404)
+    raise_errors: false,
+
+    // The time in milliseconds that the URL is queried for changes
+    run_interval_every: 50,
+
+    // The location proxy for the current app. By default this is set to a new
+    // `Sammy.HashLocationProxy` on initialization. However, you can set
+    // the location_proxy inside you're app function to give youre app a custom
+    // location mechanism
+    location_proxy: null,
+
+    // The default template engine to use when using `partial()` in an
+    // `EventContext`. `template_engine` can either be a string that
+    // corresponds to the name of a method/helper on EventContext or it can be a function
+    // that takes two arguments, the content of the unrendered partial and an optional
+    // JS object that contains interpolation data. Template engine is only called/refered
+    // to if the extension of the partial is null or unknown. See `partial()`
+    // for more information
+    template_engine: null,
+
+    // //=> Sammy.Application: body
+    toString: function() {
+      return 'Sammy.Application:' + this.element_selector;
+    },
+
+    // returns a jQuery object of the Applications bound element.
+    $element: function() {
+      return $(this.element_selector);
+    },
+
+    // `use()` is the entry point for including Sammy plugins.
+    // The first argument to use should be a function() that is evaluated
+    // in the context of the current application, just like the `app_function`
+    // argument to the `Sammy.Application` constructor.
+    //
+    // Any additional arguments are passed to the app function sequentially.
+    //
+    // For much more detail about plugins, check out:
+    // http://code.quirkey.com/sammy/doc/plugins.html
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //      var MyPlugin = function(app, prepend) {
+    //
+    //        this.helpers({
+    //          myhelper: function(text) {
+    //            alert(prepend + " " + text);
+    //          }
+    //        });
+    //
+    //      };
+    //
+    //      var app = $.sammy(function() {
+    //
+    //        this.use(MyPlugin, 'This is my plugin');
+    //
+    //        this.get('#/', function() {
+    //          this.myhelper('and dont you forget it!');
+    //          //=> Alerts: This is my plugin and dont you forget it!
+    //        });
+    //
+    //      });
+    //
+    use: function() {
+      // flatten the arguments
+      var args = _makeArray(arguments);
+      var plugin = args.shift();
+      try {
+        args.unshift(this);
+        plugin.apply(this, args);
+      } catch(e) {
+        if (typeof plugin == 'undefined') {
+          this.error("Plugin Error: called use() but plugin is not defined", e);
+        } else if (!_isFunction(plugin)) {
+          this.error("Plugin Error: called use() but '" + plugin.toString() + "' is not a function", e);
+        } else {
+          this.error("Plugin Error", e);
+        }
+      }
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // `route()` is the main method for defining routes within an application.
+    // For great detail on routes, check out: http://code.quirkey.com/sammy/doc/routes.html
+    //
+    // This method also has aliases for each of the different verbs (eg. `get()`, `post()`, etc.)
+    //
+    // ### Arguments
+    //
+    // * `verb` A String in the set of ROUTE_VERBS or 'any'. 'any' will add routes for each
+    //    of the ROUTE_VERBS. If only two arguments are passed,
+    //    the first argument is the path, the second is the callback and the verb
+    //    is assumed to be 'any'.
+    // * `path` A Regexp or a String representing the path to match to invoke this verb.
+    // * `callback` A Function that is called/evaluated whent the route is run see: `runRoute()`.
+    //    It is also possible to pass a string as the callback, which is looked up as the name
+    //    of a method on the application.
+    //
+    route: function(verb, path, callback) {
+      var app = this, param_names = [], add_route;
+
+      // if the method signature is just (path, callback)
+      // assume the verb is 'any'
+      if (!callback && _isFunction(path)) {
+        path = verb;
+        callback = path;
+        verb = 'any';
+      }
+
+      verb = verb.toLowerCase(); // ensure verb is lower case
+
+      // if path is a string turn it into a regex
+      if (path.constructor == String) {
+
+        // Needs to be explicitly set because IE will maintain the index unless NULL is returned,
+        // which means that with two consecutive routes that contain params, the second set of params will not be found and end up in splat instead of params
+        // https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Reference/Global_Objects/RegExp/lastIndex
+        PATH_NAME_MATCHER.lastIndex = 0;
+
+        // find the names
+        while ((path_match = PATH_NAME_MATCHER.exec(path)) !== null) {
+          param_names.push(path_match[1]);
+        }
+        // replace with the path replacement
+        path = new RegExp("^" + path.replace(PATH_NAME_MATCHER, PATH_REPLACER) + "$");
+      }
+      // lookup callback
+      if (typeof callback == 'string') {
+        callback = app[callback];
+      }
+
+      add_route = function(with_verb) {
+        var r = {verb: with_verb, path: path, callback: callback, param_names: param_names};
+        // add route to routes array
+        app.routes[with_verb] = app.routes[with_verb] || [];
+        // place routes in order of definition
+        app.routes[with_verb].push(r);
+      };
+
+      if (verb === 'any') {
+        $.each(this.ROUTE_VERBS, function(i, v) { add_route(v); });
+      } else {
+        add_route(verb);
+      }
+
+      // return the app
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Alias for route('get', ...)
+    get: _routeWrapper('get'),
+
+    // Alias for route('post', ...)
+    post: _routeWrapper('post'),
+
+    // Alias for route('put', ...)
+    put: _routeWrapper('put'),
+
+    // Alias for route('delete', ...)
+    del: _routeWrapper('delete'),
+
+    // Alias for route('any', ...)
+    any: _routeWrapper('any'),
+
+    // `mapRoutes` takes an array of arrays, each array being passed to route()
+    // as arguments, this allows for mass definition of routes. Another benefit is
+    // this makes it possible/easier to load routes via remote JSON.
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //    var app = $.sammy(function() {
+    //
+    //      this.mapRoutes([
+    //          ['get', '#/', function() { this.log('index'); }],
+    //          // strings in callbacks are looked up as methods on the app
+    //          ['post', '#/create', 'addUser'],
+    //          // No verb assumes 'any' as the verb
+    //          [/dowhatever/, function() { this.log(this.verb, this.path)}];
+    //        ]);
+    //    })
+    //
+    mapRoutes: function(route_array) {
+      var app = this;
+      $.each(route_array, function(i, route_args) {
+        app.route.apply(app, route_args);
+      });
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // A unique event namespace defined per application.
+    // All events bound with `bind()` are automatically bound within this space.
+    eventNamespace: function() {
+      return ['sammy-app', this.namespace].join('-');
+    },
+
+    // Works just like `jQuery.fn.bind()` with a couple noteable differences.
+    //
+    // * It binds all events to the application element
+    // * All events are bound within the `eventNamespace()`
+    // * Events are not actually bound until the application is started with `run()`
+    // * callbacks are evaluated within the context of a Sammy.EventContext
+    //
+    // See http://code.quirkey.com/sammy/docs/events.html for more info.
+    //
+    bind: function(name, data, callback) {
+      var app = this;
+      // build the callback
+      // if the arity is 2, callback is the second argument
+      if (typeof callback == 'undefined') { callback = data; }
+      var listener_callback =  function() {
+        // pull off the context from the arguments to the callback
+        var e, context, data;
+        e       = arguments[0];
+        data    = arguments[1];
+        if (data && data.context) {
+          context = data.context;
+          delete data.context;
+        } else {
+          context = new app.context_prototype(app, 'bind', e.type, data, e.target);
+        }
+        e.cleaned_type = e.type.replace(app.eventNamespace(), '');
+        callback.apply(context, [e, data]);
+      };
+
+      // it could be that the app element doesnt exist yet
+      // so attach to the listeners array and then run()
+      // will actually bind the event.
+      if (!this.listeners[name]) { this.listeners[name] = []; }
+      this.listeners[name].push(listener_callback);
+      if (this.isRunning()) {
+        // if the app is running
+        // *actually* bind the event to the app element
+        this._listen(name, listener_callback);
+      }
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Triggers custom events defined with `bind()`
+    //
+    // ### Arguments
+    //
+    // * `name` The name of the event. Automatically prefixed with the `eventNamespace()`
+    // * `data` An optional Object that can be passed to the bound callback.
+    // * `context` An optional context/Object in which to execute the bound callback.
+    //   If no context is supplied a the context is a new `Sammy.EventContext`
+    //
+    trigger: function(name, data) {
+      this.$element().trigger([name, this.eventNamespace()].join('.'), [data]);
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Reruns the current route
+    refresh: function() {
+      this.last_location = null;
+      this.trigger('location-changed');
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Takes a single callback that is pushed on to a stack.
+    // Before any route is run, the callbacks are evaluated in order within
+    // the current `Sammy.EventContext`
+    //
+    // If any of the callbacks explicitly return false, execution of any
+    // further callbacks and the route itself is halted.
+    //
+    // You can also provide a set of options that will define when to run this
+    // before based on the route it proceeds.
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //      var app = $.sammy(function() {
+    //
+    //        // will run at #/route but not at #/
+    //        this.before('#/route', function() {
+    //          //...
+    //        });
+    //
+    //        // will run at #/ but not at #/route
+    //        this.before({except: {path: '#/route'}}, function() {
+    //          this.log('not before #/route');
+    //        });
+    //
+    //        this.get('#/', function() {});
+    //
+    //        this.get('#/route', function() {});
+    //
+    //      });
+    //
+    // See `contextMatchesOptions()` for a full list of supported options
+    //
+    before: function(options, callback) {
+      if (_isFunction(options)) {
+        callback = options;
+        options = {};
+      }
+      this.befores.push([options, callback]);
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // A shortcut for binding a callback to be run after a route is executed.
+    // After callbacks have no guarunteed order.
+    after: function(callback) {
+      return this.bind('event-context-after', callback);
+    },
+
+
+    // Adds an around filter to the application. around filters are functions
+    // that take a single argument `callback` which is the entire route
+    // execution path wrapped up in a closure. This means you can decide whether
+    // or not to proceed with execution by not invoking `callback` or,
+    // more usefuly wrapping callback inside the result of an asynchronous execution.
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    // The most common use case for around() is calling a _possibly_ async function
+    // and executing the route within the functions callback:
+    //
+    //      var app = $.sammy(function() {
+    //
+    //        var current_user = false;
+    //
+    //        function checkLoggedIn(callback) {
+    //          // /session returns a JSON representation of the logged in user
+    //          // or an empty object
+    //          if (!current_user) {
+    //            $.getJSON('/session', function(json) {
+    //              if (json.login) {
+    //                // show the user as logged in
+    //                current_user = json;
+    //                // execute the route path
+    //                callback();
+    //              } else {
+    //                // show the user as not logged in
+    //                current_user = false;
+    //                // the context of aroundFilters is an EventContext
+    //                this.redirect('#/login');
+    //              }
+    //            });
+    //          } else {
+    //            // execute the route path
+    //            callback();
+    //          }
+    //        };
+    //
+    //        this.around(checkLoggedIn);
+    //
+    //      });
+    //
+    around: function(callback) {
+      this.arounds.push(callback);
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Returns a boolean of weather the current application is running.
+    isRunning: function() {
+      return this._running;
+    },
+
+    // Helpers extends the EventContext prototype specific to this app.
+    // This allows you to define app specific helper functions that can be used
+    // whenever you're inside of an event context (templates, routes, bind).
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //    var app = $.sammy(function() {
+    //
+    //      helpers({
+    //        upcase: function(text) {
+    //         return text.toString().toUpperCase();
+    //        }
+    //      });
+    //
+    //      get('#/', function() { with(this) {
+    //        // inside of this context I can use the helpers
+    //        $('#main').html(upcase($('#main').text());
+    //      }});
+    //
+    //    });
+    //
+    //
+    // ### Arguments
+    //
+    // * `extensions` An object collection of functions to extend the context.
+    //
+    helpers: function(extensions) {
+      $.extend(this.context_prototype.prototype, extensions);
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Helper extends the event context just like `helpers()` but does it
+    // a single method at a time. This is especially useful for dynamically named
+    // helpers
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //     // Trivial example that adds 3 helper methods to the context dynamically
+    //     var app = $.sammy(function(app) {
+    //
+    //       $.each([1,2,3], function(i, num) {
+    //         app.helper('helper' + num, function() {
+    //           this.log("I'm helper number " + num);
+    //         });
+    //       });
+    //
+    //       this.get('#/', function() {
+    //         this.helper2(); //=> I'm helper number 2
+    //       });
+    //     });
+    //
+    // ### Arguments
+    //
+    // * `name` The name of the method
+    // * `method` The function to be added to the prototype at `name`
+    //
+    helper: function(name, method) {
+      this.context_prototype.prototype[name] = method;
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Actually starts the application's lifecycle. `run()` should be invoked
+    // within a document.ready block to ensure the DOM exists before binding events, etc.
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //    var app = $.sammy(function() { ... }); // your application
+    //    $(function() { // document.ready
+    //        app.run();
+    //     });
+    //
+    // ### Arguments
+    //
+    // * `start_url` Optionally, a String can be passed which the App will redirect to
+    //   after the events/routes have been bound.
+    run: function(start_url) {
+      if (this.isRunning()) { return false; }
+      var app = this;
+
+      // actually bind all the listeners
+      $.each(this.listeners.toHash(), function(name, callbacks) {
+        $.each(callbacks, function(i, listener_callback) {
+          app._listen(name, listener_callback);
+        });
+      });
+
+      this.trigger('run', {start_url: start_url});
+      this._running = true;
+      // set last location
+      this.last_location = null;
+      if (this.getLocation() == '' && typeof start_url != 'undefined') {
+        this.setLocation(start_url);
+      }
+      // check url
+      this._checkLocation();
+      this.location_proxy.bind();
+      this.bind('location-changed', function() {
+        app._checkLocation();
+      });
+
+      // bind to submit to capture post/put/delete routes
+      this.bind('submit', function(e) {
+        var returned = app._checkFormSubmission($(e.target).closest('form'));
+        return (returned === false) ? e.preventDefault() : false;
+      });
+
+      // bind unload to body unload
+      $(window).bind('beforeunload', function() {
+        app.unload();
+      });
+
+      // trigger html changed
+      return this.trigger('changed');
+    },
+
+    // The opposite of `run()`, un-binds all event listeners and intervals
+    // `run()` Automaticaly binds a `onunload` event to run this when
+    // the document is closed.
+    unload: function() {
+      if (!this.isRunning()) { return false; }
+      var app = this;
+      this.trigger('unload');
+      // clear interval
+      this.location_proxy.unbind();
+      // unbind form submits
+      this.$element().unbind('submit').removeClass(app.eventNamespace());
+      // unbind all events
+      $.each(this.listeners.toHash() , function(name, listeners) {
+        $.each(listeners, function(i, listener_callback) {
+          app._unlisten(name, listener_callback);
+        });
+      });
+      this._running = false;
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Will bind a single callback function to every event that is already
+    // being listened to in the app. This includes all the `APP_EVENTS`
+    // as well as any custom events defined with `bind()`.
+    //
+    // Used internally for debug logging.
+    bindToAllEvents: function(callback) {
+      var app = this;
+      // bind to the APP_EVENTS first
+      $.each(this.APP_EVENTS, function(i, e) {
+        app.bind(e, callback);
+      });
+      // next, bind to listener names (only if they dont exist in APP_EVENTS)
+      $.each(this.listeners.keys(true), function(i, name) {
+        if (app.APP_EVENTS.indexOf(name) == -1) {
+          app.bind(name, callback);
+        }
+      });
+      return this;
+    },
+
+    // Returns a copy of the given path with any query string after the hash
+    // removed.
+    routablePath: function(path) {
+      return path.replace(QUERY_STRING_MATCHER, '');
+    },
+
+    // Given a verb and a String path, will return either a route object or false
+    // if a matching route can be found within the current defined set.
+    lookupRoute: function(verb, path) {
+      var app = this, routed = false;
+      this.trigger('lookup-route', {verb: verb, path: path});
+      if (typeof this.routes[verb] != 'undefined') {
+        $.each(this.routes[verb], function(i, route) {
+          if (app.routablePath(path).match(route.path)) {
+            routed = route;
+            return false;
+          }
+        });
+      }
+      return routed;
+    },
+
+    // First, invokes `lookupRoute()` and if a route is found, parses the
+    // possible URL params and then invokes the route's callback within a new
+    // `Sammy.EventContext`. If the route can not be found, it calls
+    // `notFound()`. If `raise_errors` is set to `true` and
+    // the `error()` has not been overriden, it will throw an actual JS
+    // error.
+    //
+    // You probably will never have to call this directly.
+    //
+    // ### Arguments
+    //
+    // * `verb` A String for the verb.
+    // * `path` A String path to lookup.
+    // * `params` An Object of Params pulled from the URI or passed directly.
+    //
+    // ### Returns
+    //
+    // Either returns the value returned by the route callback or raises a 404 Not Found error.
+    //
+    runRoute: function(verb, path, params, target) {
+      var app = this,
+          route = this.lookupRoute(verb, path),
+          context,
+          wrapped_route,
+          arounds,
+          around,
+          befores,
+          before,
+          callback_args,
+          final_returned;
+
+      this.log('runRoute', [verb, path].join(' '));
+      this.trigger('run-route', {verb: verb, path: path, params: params});
+      if (typeof params == 'undefined') { params = {}; }
+
+      $.extend(params, this._parseQueryString(path));
+
+      if (route) {
+        this.trigger('route-found', {route: route});
+        // pull out the params from the path
+        if ((path_params = route.path.exec(this.routablePath(path))) !== null) {
+          // first match is the full path
+          path_params.shift();
+          // for each of the matches
+          $.each(path_params, function(i, param) {
+            // if theres a matching param name
+            if (route.param_names[i]) {
+              // set the name to the match
+              params[route.param_names[i]] = _decode(param);
+            } else {
+              // initialize 'splat'
+              if (!params.splat) { params.splat = []; }
+              params.splat.push(_decode(param));
+            }
+          });
+        }
+
+        // set event context
+        context  = new this.context_prototype(this, verb, path, params, target);
+        // ensure arrays
+        arounds = this.arounds.slice(0);
+        befores = this.befores.slice(0);
+        // set the callback args to the context + contents of the splat
+        callback_args = [context].concat(params.splat);
+        // wrap the route up with the before filters
+        wrapped_route = function() {
+          var returned;
+          while (befores.length > 0) {
+            before = befores.shift();
+            // check the options
+            if (app.contextMatchesOptions(context, before[0])) {
+              returned = before[1].apply(context, [context]);
+              if (returned === false) { return false; }
+            }
+          }
+          app.last_route = route;
+          context.trigger('event-context-before', {context: context});
+          returned = route.callback.apply(context, callback_args);
+          context.trigger('event-context-after', {context: context});
+          return returned;
+        };
+        $.each(arounds.reverse(), function(i, around) {
+          var last_wrapped_route = wrapped_route;
+          wrapped_route = function() { return around.apply(context, [last_wrapped_route]); };
+        });
+        try {
+          final_returned = wrapped_route();
+        } catch(e) {
+          this.error(['500 Error', verb, path].join(' '), e);
+        }
+        return final_returned;
+      } else {
+        return this.notFound(verb, path);
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Matches an object of options against an `EventContext` like object that
+    // contains `path` and `verb` attributes. Internally Sammy uses this
+    // for matching `before()` filters against specific options. You can set the
+    // object to _only_ match certain paths or verbs, or match all paths or verbs _except_
+    // those that match the options.
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //     var app = $.sammy(),
+    //         context = {verb: 'get', path: '#/mypath'};
+    //
+    //     // match against a path string
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, '#/mypath'); //=> true
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, '#/otherpath'); //=> false
+    //     // equivilent to
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {only: {path:'#/mypath'}}); //=> true
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {only: {path:'#/otherpath'}}); //=> false
+    //     // match against a path regexp
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, /path/); //=> true
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, /^path/); //=> false
+    //     // match only a verb
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {only: {verb:'get'}}); //=> true
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {only: {verb:'post'}}); //=> false
+    //     // match all except a verb
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {except: {verb:'post'}}); //=> true
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {except: {verb:'get'}}); //=> false
+    //     // match all except a path
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {except: {path:'#/otherpath'}}); //=> true
+    //     app.contextMatchesOptions(context, {except: {path:'#/mypath'}}); //=> false
+    //
+    contextMatchesOptions: function(context, match_options, positive) {
+      // empty options always match
+      var options = match_options;
+      if (typeof options === 'undefined' || options == {}) {
+        return true;
+      }
+      if (typeof positive === 'undefined') {
+        positive = true;
+      }
+      // normalize options
+      if (typeof options === 'string' || _isFunction(options.test)) {
+        options = {path: options};
+      }
+      if (options.only) {
+        return this.contextMatchesOptions(context, options.only, true);
+      } else if (options.except) {
+        return this.contextMatchesOptions(context, options.except, false);
+      }
+      var path_matched = true, verb_matched = true;
+      if (options.path) {
+        // wierd regexp test
+        if (_isFunction(options.path.test)) {
+          path_matched = options.path.test(context.path);
+        } else {
+          path_matched = (options.path.toString() === context.path);
+        }
+      }
+      if (options.verb) {
+        verb_matched = options.verb === context.verb;
+      }
+      return positive ? (verb_matched && path_matched) : !(verb_matched && path_matched);
+    },
+
+
+    // Delegates to the `location_proxy` to get the current location.
+    // See `Sammy.HashLocationProxy` for more info on location proxies.
+    getLocation: function() {
+      return this.location_proxy.getLocation();
+    },
+
+    // Delegates to the `location_proxy` to set the current location.
+    // See `Sammy.HashLocationProxy` for more info on location proxies.
+    //
+    // ### Arguments
+    //
+    // * `new_location` A new location string (e.g. '#/')
+    //
+    setLocation: function(new_location) {
+      return this.location_proxy.setLocation(new_location);
+    },
+
+    // Swaps the content of `$element()` with `content`
+    // You can override this method to provide an alternate swap behavior
+    // for `EventContext.partial()`.
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //    var app = $.sammy(function() {
+    //
+    //      // implements a 'fade out'/'fade in'
+    //      this.swap = function(content) {
+    //        this.$element().hide('slow').html(content).show('slow');
+    //      }
+    //
+    //      get('#/', function() {
+    //        this.partial('index.html.erb') // will fade out and in
+    //      });
+    //
+    //    });
+    //
+    swap: function(content) {
+      return this.$element().html(content);
+    },
+
+    // This thows a '404 Not Found' error by invoking `error()`.
+    // Override this method or `error()` to provide custom
+    // 404 behavior (i.e redirecting to / or showing a warning)
+    notFound: function(verb, path) {
+      var ret = this.error(['404 Not Found', verb, path].join(' '));
+      return (verb === 'get') ? ret : true;
+    },
+
+    // The base error handler takes a string `message` and an `Error`
+    // object. If `raise_errors` is set to `true` on the app level,
+    // this will re-throw the error to the browser. Otherwise it will send the error
+    // to `log()`. Override this method to provide custom error handling
+    // e.g logging to a server side component or displaying some feedback to the
+    // user.
+    error: function(message, original_error) {
+      if (!original_error) { original_error = new Error(); }
+      original_error.message = [message, original_error.message].join(' ');
+      this.trigger('error', {message: original_error.message, error: original_error});
+      if (this.raise_errors) {
+        throw(original_error);
+      } else {
+        this.log(original_error.message, original_error);
+      }
+    },
+
+    _checkLocation: function() {
+      var location, returned;
+      // get current location
+      location = this.getLocation();
+      // compare to see if hash has changed
+      if (location != this.last_location) {
+        // reset last location
+        this.last_location = location;
+        // lookup route for current hash
+        returned = this.runRoute('get', location);
+      }
+      return returned;
+    },
+
+    _checkFormSubmission: function(form) {
+      var $form, path, verb, params, returned;
+      this.trigger('check-form-submission', {form: form});
+      $form = $(form);
+      path  = $form.attr('action');
+      verb  = $.trim($form.attr('method').toString().toLowerCase());
+      if (!verb || verb == '') { verb = 'get'; }
+      this.log('_checkFormSubmission', $form, path, verb);
+      if (verb === 'get') {
+        this.setLocation(path + '?' + $form.serialize());
+        returned = false;
+      } else {
+        params = $.extend({}, this._parseFormParams($form));
+        returned = this.runRoute(verb, path, params, form.get(0));
+      };
+      return (typeof returned == 'undefined') ? false : returned;
+    },
+
+    _parseFormParams: function($form) {
+      var params = {},
+          form_fields = $form.serializeArray(),
+          i;
+      for (i = 0; i < form_fields.length; i++) {
+        params = this._parseParamPair(params, form_fields[i].name, form_fields[i].value);
+      }
+      return params;
+    },
+
+    _parseQueryString: function(path) {
+      var params = {}, parts, pairs, pair, i;
+
+      parts = path.match(QUERY_STRING_MATCHER);
+      if (parts) {
+        pairs = parts[1].split('&');
+        for (i = 0; i < pairs.length; i++) {
+          pair = pairs[i].split('=');
+          params = this._parseParamPair(params, _decode(pair[0]), _decode(pair[1]));
+        }
+      }
+      return params;
+    },
+
+    _parseParamPair: function(params, key, value) {
+      if (params[key]) {
+        if (_isArray(params[key])) {
+          params[key].push(value);
+        } else {
+          params[key] = [params[key], value];
+        }
+      } else {
+        params[key] = value;
+      }
+      return params;
+    },
+
+    _listen: function(name, callback) {
+      return this.$element().bind([name, this.eventNamespace()].join('.'), callback);
+    },
+
+    _unlisten: function(name, callback) {
+      return this.$element().unbind([name, this.eventNamespace()].join('.'), callback);
+    }
+
+  });
+
+  // `Sammy.EventContext` objects are created every time a route is run or a
+  // bound event is triggered. The callbacks for these events are evaluated within a `Sammy.EventContext`
+  // This within these callbacks the special methods of `EventContext` are available.
+  //
+  // ### Example
+  //
+  //  $.sammy(function() { with(this) {
+  //    // The context here is this Sammy.Application
+  //    get('#/:name', function() { with(this) {
+  //      // The context here is a new Sammy.EventContext
+  //      if (params['name'] == 'sammy') {
+  //        partial('name.html.erb', {name: 'Sammy'});
+  //      } else {
+  //        redirect('#/somewhere-else')
+  //      }
+  //    }});
+  //  }});
+  //
+  // Initialize a new EventContext
+  //
+  // ### Arguments
+  //
+  // * `app` The `Sammy.Application` this event is called within.
+  // * `verb` The verb invoked to run this context/route.
+  // * `path` The string path invoked to run this context/route.
+  // * `params` An Object of optional params to pass to the context. Is converted
+  //   to a `Sammy.Object`.
+  // * `target` a DOM element that the event that holds this context originates
+  //   from. For post, put and del routes, this is the form element that triggered
+  //   the route.
+  //
+  Sammy.EventContext = function(app, verb, path, params, target) {
+    this.app    = app;
+    this.verb   = verb;
+    this.path   = path;
+    this.params = new Sammy.Object(params);
+    this.target = target;
+  };
+
+  Sammy.EventContext.prototype = $.extend({}, Sammy.Object.prototype, {
+
+    // A shortcut to the app's `$element()`
+    $element: function() {
+      return this.app.$element();
+    },
+
+    // Used for rendering remote templates or documents within the current application/DOM.
+    // By default Sammy and `partial()` know nothing about how your templates
+    // should be interpeted/rendered. This is easy to change, though. `partial()` looks
+    // for a method in `EventContext` that matches the extension of the file you're
+    // fetching (e.g. 'myfile.template' will look for a template() method, 'myfile.haml' => haml(), etc.)
+    // If no matching render method is found it just takes the file contents as is.
+    //
+    // If you're templates have different (or no) extensions, and you want to render them all
+    // through the same engine, you can set the default/fallback template engine on the app level
+    // by setting `app.template_engine` to the name of the engine or a `function() {}`
+    //
+    // ### Caching
+    //
+    // If you use the `Sammy.Cache` plugin, remote requests will be automatically cached unless
+    // you explicitly set `cache_partials` to `false`
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    // There are a couple different ways to use `partial()`:
+    //
+    //      partial('doc.html');
+    //      //=> Replaces $element() with the contents of doc.html
+    //
+    //      use(Sammy.Template);
+    //      //=> includes the template() method
+    //      partial('doc.template', {name: 'Sammy'});
+    //      //=> Replaces $element() with the contents of doc.template run through `template()`
+    //
+    //      partial('doc.html', function(data) {
+    //        // data is the contents of the template.
+    //        $('.other-selector').html(data);
+    //      });
+    //
+    // ### Iteration/Arrays
+    //
+    // If the data object passed to `partial()` is an Array, `partial()`
+    // will itterate over each element in data calling the callback with the
+    // results of interpolation and the index of the element in the array.
+    //
+    //    use(Sammy.Template);
+    //    // item.template => "<li>I'm an item named <%= name %></li>"
+    //    partial('item.template', [{name: "Item 1"}, {name: "Item 2"}])
+    //    //=> Replaces $element() with:
+    //    // <li>I'm an item named Item 1</li><li>I'm an item named Item 2</li>
+    //    partial('item.template', [{name: "Item 1"}, {name: "Item 2"}], function(rendered, i) {
+    //      rendered; //=> <li>I'm an item named Item 1</li> // for each element in the Array
+    //      i; // the 0 based index of the itteration
+    //    });
+    //
+    partial: function(path, data, callback) {
+      var file_data,
+          wrapped_callback,
+          engine,
+          data_array,
+          cache_key = 'partial:' + path,
+          context = this;
+
+      // engine setup
+      if ((engine = path.match(/\.([^\.]+)$/))) { engine = engine[1]; }
+      // set the engine to the default template engine if no match is found
+      if ((!engine || !_isFunction(context[engine])) && this.app.template_engine) {
+        engine = this.app.template_engine;
+      }
+      if (engine && !_isFunction(engine) && _isFunction(context[engine])) {
+        engine = context[engine];
+      }
+      if (!callback && _isFunction(data)) {
+        // callback is in the data position
+        callback = data;
+        data = {};
+      }
+      data_array = (_isArray(data) ? data : [data || {}]);
+      wrapped_callback = function(response) {
+        var new_content = response,
+            all_content =  "";
+        $.each(data_array, function(i, idata) {
+          if (_isFunction(engine)) {
+            new_content = engine.apply(context, [response, idata]);
+          }
+          // collect the content
+          all_content += new_content;
+          // if callback exists call it for each iteration
+          if (callback) {
+            // return the result of the callback
+            // (you can bail the loop by returning false)
+            return callback.apply(context, [new_content, i]);
+          }
+        });
+        if (!callback) { context.swap(all_content); }
+        context.trigger('changed');
+      };
+      if (this.app.cache_partials && this.cache(cache_key)) {
+        // try to load the template from the cache
+        wrapped_callback.apply(context, [this.cache(cache_key)]);
+      } else {
+        // the template wasnt cached, we need to fetch it
+        $.get(path, function(response) {
+          if (context.app.cache_partials) { context.cache(cache_key, response); }
+          wrapped_callback.apply(context, [response]);
+        });
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Changes the location of the current window. If `to` begins with
+    // '#' it only changes the document's hash. If passed more than 1 argument
+    // redirect will join them together with forward slashes.
+    //
+    // ### Example
+    //
+    //      redirect('#/other/route');
+    //      // equivilent to
+    //      redirect('#', 'other', 'route');
+    //
+    redirect: function() {
+      var to, args = _makeArray(arguments),
+          current_location = this.app.getLocation();
+      if (args.length > 1) {
+        args.unshift('/');
+        to = this.join.apply(this, args);
+      } else {
+        to = args[0];
+      }
+      this.trigger('redirect', {to: to});
+      this.app.last_location = this.path;
+      this.app.setLocation(to);
+      if (current_location == to) {
+        this.app.trigger('location-changed');
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Triggers events on `app` within the current context.
+    trigger: function(name, data) {
+      if (typeof data == 'undefined') { data = {}; }
+      if (!data.context) { data.context = this; }
+      return this.app.trigger(name, data);
+    },
+
+    // A shortcut to app's `eventNamespace()`
+    eventNamespace: function() {
+      return this.app.eventNamespace();
+    },
+
+    // A shortcut to app's `swap()`
+    swap: function(contents) {
+      return this.app.swap(contents);
+    },
+
+    // Raises a possible `notFound()` error for the current path.
+    notFound: function() {
+      return this.app.notFound(this.verb, this.path);
+    },
+
+    // //=> Sammy.EventContext: get #/ {}
+    toString: function() {
+      return "Sammy.EventContext: " + [this.verb, this.path, this.params].join(' ');
+    }
+
+  });
+
+  // An alias to Sammy
+  $.sammy = window.Sammy = Sammy;
+
+})(jQuery);