smart_message 0.0.10 → 0.0.12

data/ideas/meshage.md

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+# Meshage: True Mesh Network Transport for SmartMessage
+
+## Overview
+
+Meshage (Mesh + Message) would be a fully decentralized mesh network transport for SmartMessage that enables resilient message passing without any central coordination. In a true mesh network, publishers don't need to know where subscribers are located - they simply publish messages addressed to a subscriber/service, and the mesh network automatically routes the message through intermediate nodes until it reaches the destination or expires.
+
+## Lessons from P2P2 Gem
+
+The p2p2 Ruby gem provides excellent patterns for NAT traversal and P2P connection management that directly apply to mesh networking:
+
+### NAT Hole Punching Architecture
+P2P2 uses a pairing daemon (paird) that coordinates P2P connections between clients behind NATs:
+
+```ruby
+# Adapted from p2p2's approach for SmartMessage mesh nodes
+class MeshHolePunchingService
+  def initialize(coordination_port = 4040)
+    @coordination_servers = []  # Multiple servers for redundancy
+    @active_sessions = {}       # node_id => session_info
+    
+    # Create multiple UDP sockets on different ports (like p2p2)
+    10.times do |i|
+      port = coordination_port + i
+      socket = UDPSocket.new
+      socket.bind("0.0.0.0", port)
+      @coordination_servers << { socket: socket, port: port }
+    end
+  end
+  
+  # Node announces itself to establish P2P connections
+  def announce_node(node_id, capabilities)
+    # Similar to p2p2's "title" concept but for mesh nodes
+    session_data = {
+      node_id: node_id,
+      local_services: capabilities[:services],
+      is_bridge: capabilities[:bridge_node],
+      announced_at: Time.now
+    }
+    
+    # Send to random coordination port (load balancing like p2p2)
+    server = @coordination_servers.sample
+    server[:socket].send(session_data.to_json, 0, 
+                        coordination_address, server[:port])
+  end
+  
+  # Coordinate hole punching between two nodes
+  def coordinate_connection(node1_id, node2_id)
+    node1_session = @active_sessions[node1_id] 
+    node2_session = @active_sessions[node2_id]
+    
+    return unless node1_session && node2_session
+    
+    # Exchange address info (like p2p2's paird logic)
+    send_peer_address(node1_session, node2_session[:address])
+    send_peer_address(node2_session, node1_session[:address])
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Connection Management Patterns
+P2P2's worker architecture with role-based socket management:
+
+```ruby
+class MeshNodeWorker
+  def initialize
+    @sockets = {}
+    @socket_roles = {}  # socket => :mesh_peer, :local_service, :bridge
+    @read_sockets = []
+    @write_sockets = []
+    
+    # Buffer management (adapted from p2p2's buffering)
+    @peer_buffers = {}  # peer_id => { read_buffer: "", write_buffer: "" }
+    @buffer_limits = {
+      max_buffer_size: 50 * 1024 * 1024,  # 50MB like p2p2
+      resume_threshold: 25 * 1024 * 1024   # Resume when below 25MB
+    }
+  end
+  
+  def main_loop
+    loop do
+      readable, writable = IO.select(@read_sockets, @write_sockets)
+      
+      readable.each do |socket|
+        role = @socket_roles[socket]
+        case role
+        when :mesh_peer
+          handle_peer_message(socket)
+        when :local_service  
+          handle_service_message(socket)
+        when :bridge
+          handle_bridge_message(socket)
+        end
+      end
+      
+      writable.each do |socket|
+        flush_write_buffer(socket)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  
+  # Flow control like p2p2 - pause reading when buffers full
+  def handle_buffer_overflow(peer_id)
+    peer_socket = find_peer_socket(peer_id)
+    @read_sockets.delete(peer_socket)  # Pause reading
+    
+    # Resume when buffer drains (checked periodically)
+    schedule_buffer_check(peer_id)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Multi-Port UDP Coordination
+P2P2 uses multiple UDP ports to improve NAT traversal success:
+
+```ruby
+class MeshCoordinationService
+  def initialize(base_port = 4040)
+    @coordination_ports = []
+    
+    # Create 10 coordination ports like p2p2
+    10.times do |i|
+      port = base_port + i
+      socket = UDPSocket.new
+      socket.setsockopt(Socket::SOL_SOCKET, Socket::SO_REUSEPORT, 1)
+      socket.bind("0.0.0.0", port)
+      
+      @coordination_ports << {
+        socket: socket,
+        port: port,
+        active_sessions: {}
+      }
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def coordinate_mesh_connection(requester_id, target_service)
+    # Find nodes that provide target_service
+    candidate_nodes = find_service_providers(target_service)
+    
+    candidate_nodes.each do |node_info|
+      # Attempt hole punching to each candidate
+      attempt_hole_punch(requester_id, node_info[:node_id])
+    end
+  end
+  
+  # P2P2-style room/session management for mesh
+  def manage_mesh_sessions
+    @coordination_ports.each do |port_info|
+      port_info[:active_sessions].each do |session_id, session|
+        if session_expired?(session)
+          cleanup_session(session_id)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### TCP Tunneling Over UDP Holes
+P2P2 establishes UDP holes then creates TCP connections through them:
+
+```ruby
+class MeshTCPTunnel
+  def initialize(local_service_port, remote_peer_address)
+    @local_service_port = local_service_port
+    @remote_peer_address = remote_peer_address
+    @tcp_connections = {}
+    
+    # Create tunnel socket through UDP hole (like p2p2)
+    @tunnel_socket = establish_tcp_through_udp_hole
+  end
+  
+  def establish_tcp_through_udp_hole
+    # First establish UDP hole
+    udp_socket = create_udp_hole(@remote_peer_address)
+    
+    # Then create TCP connection using same local port
+    tcp_socket = Socket.new(Socket::AF_INET, Socket::SOCK_STREAM, 0)
+    tcp_socket.setsockopt(Socket::IPPROTO_TCP, Socket::TCP_NODELAY, 1)
+    tcp_socket.bind(udp_socket.local_address)  # Reuse UDP hole port
+    
+    # Connect through the hole (may require multiple attempts like p2p2)
+    retry_count = 0
+    begin
+      tcp_socket.connect_nonblock(@remote_peer_address)
+    rescue IO::WaitWritable
+      retry_count += 1
+      if retry_count < 5  # P2P2's PUNCH_LIMIT
+        sleep(0.1)
+        retry
+      else
+        raise "Failed to establish TCP tunnel after #{retry_count} attempts"
+      end
+    end
+    
+    tcp_socket
+  end
+  
+  # Bridge local service to remote mesh node
+  def bridge_service_traffic
+    local_service = TCPSocket.new("127.0.0.1", @local_service_port)
+    
+    # Bidirectional forwarding like p2p2's tun/dst pattern
+    Thread.new do
+      loop do
+        data = local_service.read_nonblock(1024 * 1024)  # P2P2's READ_SIZE
+        @tunnel_socket.write(data)
+      rescue IO::WaitReadable
+        # Handle using IO.select like p2p2
+      end
+    end
+    
+    Thread.new do  
+      loop do
+        data = @tunnel_socket.read_nonblock(1024 * 1024)
+        local_service.write(data)
+      rescue IO::WaitReadable
+        # Handle using IO.select like p2p2
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Key Improvements for SmartMessage Mesh
+
+**Better Service Discovery:**
+P2P2 uses simple "room" names. Mesh needs service-based discovery:
+
+```ruby
+# P2P2 style
+"room_name"  # Simple string matching
+
+# Mesh style  
+{
+  service_name: "inventory-service",
+  capabilities: [:read, :write],
+  version: "2.1",
+  region: "us-west"
+}
+```
+
+**Message Routing vs Direct Tunneling:**
+P2P2 creates direct tunnels. Mesh needs multi-hop routing:
+
+```ruby
+# P2P2: Direct tunnel
+Client A → Coordination Server → Client B
+         (establish direct tunnel)
+
+# Mesh: Multi-hop routing  
+Publisher → Node A → Node C → Node F → Subscriber
+          (route through intermediate nodes)
+```
+
+**SmartMessage Integration:**
+P2P2 forwards raw TCP streams. Mesh handles typed messages:
+
+```ruby
+# P2P2: Raw data forwarding
+tun_socket.write(raw_data)
+
+# Mesh: SmartMessage integration
+mesh_connection.send_message(order_message)
+```
+
+### P2P2 Advantages for Mesh
+
+1. **Proven NAT Traversal**: P2P2's hole punching works reliably across different NAT types
+2. **Efficient Buffering**: Flow control prevents memory exhaustion during high traffic
+3. **Multi-Port Strategy**: Increases success rate of establishing connections 
+4. **Graceful Degradation**: Handles connection failures and retries intelligently
+5. **Resource Management**: Proper cleanup of expired sessions and connections
+6. **Non-Blocking I/O**: Uses IO.select for efficient concurrent connection handling
+
+The p2p2 gem provides the low-level P2P connection primitives that mesh networking builds upon - specifically NAT traversal, connection establishment, and traffic forwarding. For SmartMessage mesh, we'd use these patterns as the foundation layer while adding service discovery, message routing, and distributed coordination on top.
+
+## Key Mesh Network Principles
+
+### 1. Complete Decentralization
+Every node in the mesh can route messages. No central authority, brokers, or coordination points.
+
+### 2. Location-Agnostic Publishing  
+Publishers send messages to subscriber IDs or service names without knowing which physical node hosts them:
+
+```ruby
+# Publisher doesn't know or care where inventory-service runs
+OrderMessage.new(
+  order_id: "123",
+  items: ["widget", "gadget"]
+).publish(to: "inventory-service")
+
+# The mesh network figures out routing automatically
+```
+
+### 3. Multi-Hop Message Routing
+Messages travel through intermediate nodes to reach their destination:
+
+```
+Node A → Node C → Node F → Node K (inventory-service)
+```
+
+### 4. Self-Terminating Messages
+Messages include TTL (Time To Live) or hop limits to prevent infinite routing loops.
+
+## Core Concepts
+
+### Peer Discovery - Local vs Inter-Network
+
+Mesh networks need different discovery mechanisms for local vs remote networks:
+
+#### Local Network Discovery (UDP Broadcast)
+```ruby
+class LocalNetworkDiscovery
+  def initialize(mesh_node)
+    @mesh_node = mesh_node
+    @udp_port = 31337
+    @multicast_address = '224.220.221.222'
+  end
+  
+  def start_discovery
+    # UDP multicast for local network discovery
+    start_udp_broadcaster
+    start_udp_listener
+  end
+  
+  def broadcast_presence
+    message = {
+      node_id: @mesh_node.id,
+      services: @mesh_node.local_services,
+      tcp_port: @mesh_node.tcp_port,
+      is_bridge: @mesh_node.bridge_node?,
+      bridge_networks: @mesh_node.bridge_networks
+    }
+    
+    @udp_socket.send(message.to_json, 0, @multicast_address, @udp_port)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+#### Bridge Nodes for Inter-Network Connectivity
+```ruby
+class BridgeNode < MeshNode
+  def initialize(options = {})
+    super
+    @bridge_networks = options[:bridge_networks] || []
+    @external_connections = {}  # network_id => [P2PConnection]
+    @bootstrap_nodes = options[:bootstrap_nodes] || []
+  end
+  
+  def bridge_node?
+    true
+  end
+  
+  def start
+    super
+    
+    # Connect to other networks via TCP to known bridge nodes
+    connect_to_external_networks
+    
+    # Advertise bridge capability in local UDP broadcasts
+    advertise_bridge_capability
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def connect_to_external_networks
+    @bootstrap_nodes.each do |external_address|
+      # TCP connection to bridge nodes in other networks
+      connection = P2PConnection.new(external_address, protocol: :tcp)
+      
+      begin
+        connection.establish_secure_channel(@keypair)
+        network_id = determine_network_id(external_address)
+        @external_connections[network_id] ||= []
+        @external_connections[network_id] << connection
+        
+        # Exchange routing information with remote network
+        exchange_inter_network_routes(connection, network_id)
+      rescue => e
+        logger.warn "Failed to connect to external network #{external_address}: #{e}"
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def route_message(message)
+    if local_network_destination?(message.to)
+      # Route within local network using UDP-discovered nodes
+      route_locally(message)
+    else
+      # Route to external network via TCP bridge connections
+      route_to_external_network(message)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def route_to_external_network(message)
+    target_network = determine_target_network(message.to)
+    
+    if bridge_connections = @external_connections[target_network]
+      # Send via TCP to bridge nodes in target network
+      bridge_connections.each do |connection|
+        connection.send_message(message)
+      end
+    else
+      # Don't know target network - flood to all external connections
+      @external_connections.each_value do |connections|
+        connections.each { |conn| conn.send_message(message) }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+#### Network Topology Examples
+
+**Single Local Network:**
+```
+[Node A] ←UDP→ [Node B] ←UDP→ [Node C]
+   ↑                              ↑
+   UDP multicast discovery works for all nodes
+```
+
+**Multi-Network Mesh with Bridges:**
+```
+Local Network 1:                    Local Network 2:
+[Node A] ←UDP→ [Bridge B]     [Bridge D] ←UDP→ [Node E]
+                   ↑               ↑
+                   TCP Bridge Connection
+                   (crosses router boundaries)
+                   
+Bridge B connects:
+- Local nodes via UDP (A, others on network 1)  
+- Remote networks via TCP (Bridge D on network 2)
+```
+
+### Local Knowledge Model
+
+Each node only knows about its immediate connections - this keeps the system scalable:
+
+```ruby
+class MeshNode
+  def initialize
+    @node_id = generate_node_id
+    
+    # ONLY know about directly connected peers
+    @connected_peers = {}         # peer_id => P2PConnection
+    
+    # ONLY know about local subscribers  
+    @local_subscribers = {}       # service_name => [callback_handlers]
+    
+    # NO global knowledge of who subscribes to what on other nodes
+    @routing_cache = LRU.new(100) # Cache successful routes
+  end
+  
+  def knows_local_subscribers_for?(service_name)
+    @local_subscribers.key?(service_name)
+  end
+  
+  def knows_connected_peers
+    @connected_peers.keys
+  end
+  
+  # This node does NOT know what services exist on remote nodes
+  def knows_remote_subscribers?
+    false  # This is the key insight!
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Message Routing with Local Knowledge Only
+
+```ruby
+class MeshRouter
+  def route_message(message)
+    return if already_processed?(message)
+    mark_as_processed(message)
+    
+    # Check if we have local subscribers for this service
+    if has_local_subscribers?(message.to)
+      deliver_to_local_subscribers(message)
+      # Note: Don't return - message might also need to go to other nodes
+    end
+    
+    # We DON'T know if other nodes have subscribers
+    # So we use discovery routing to all connected peers
+    forward_to_discovery(message)
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def forward_to_discovery(message)
+    # Decrement TTL to prevent infinite loops
+    message._sm_header.ttl -= 1
+    return if message._sm_header.ttl <= 0
+    
+    # Check routing cache for previously successful routes
+    if cached_route = @routing_cache[message.to]
+      forward_to_cached_peers(message, cached_route)
+    else
+      # No cached route - flood to all connected peers
+      flood_to_connected_peers(message)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def flood_to_connected_peers(message)
+    @connected_peers.each do |peer_id, connection|
+      # Don't send back to where it came from
+      next if message._sm_header.came_from == peer_id
+      
+      connection.send_message(message)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def forward_to_cached_peers(message, cached_peers)
+    cached_peers.each do |peer_id|
+      if connection = @connected_peers[peer_id]
+        connection.send_message(message)
+      end
+    end
+    
+    # If cached route fails, fall back to flooding
+    # (This would be detected by lack of response/acknowledgment)
+  end
+  
+  # When a message is successfully delivered, cache the route
+  def learn_successful_route(service_name, peer_id)
+    @routing_cache[service_name] ||= []
+    @routing_cache[service_name] << peer_id unless 
+      @routing_cache[service_name].include?(peer_id)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Publisher Knowledge Model
+
+```ruby
+class Publisher
+  def initialize(mesh_transport)
+    @mesh = mesh_transport
+    @known_local_services = Set.new    # Services on same node as publisher
+    @connected_peer_nodes = Set.new    # Node IDs we can directly reach
+  end
+  
+  def publish_message(message, to:)
+    message.to = to
+    
+    # Publisher knows about local services on same node
+    if @known_local_services.include?(to)
+      @mesh.deliver_locally(message)
+      return
+    end
+    
+    # Publisher knows which peer nodes it can connect to
+    # But does NOT know what subscribers are on those nodes
+    @mesh.send_to_connected_peers(message)
+    
+    # The mesh network handles discovery from there
+  end
+  
+  def discover_local_services
+    # Publisher only discovers services on its own node
+    @known_local_services = @mesh.local_services
+  end
+  
+  def discover_connected_peers  
+    # Publisher knows which nodes it can directly connect to
+    @connected_peer_nodes = @mesh.connected_peer_ids
+  end
+  
+  # Publisher does NOT have this method:
+  # def discover_remote_services  # ← This doesn't exist!
+end
+```
+```
+
+## Implementation Architecture
+
+### Node Structure - P2P Connection Management
+
+Each mesh node manages multiple P2P connections and routes messages between them:
+
+```ruby
+class MeshNode
+  attr_reader :id, :address, :public_key
+  
+  def initialize
+    @id = generate_node_id
+    @p2p_connections = {}     # peer_id => P2PConnection
+    @local_subscribers = {}   # message_class => [callbacks]
+    @service_registry = ServiceRegistry.new
+    @routing_table = RoutingTable.new
+    
+    # Cryptographic identity
+    @keypair = OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(2048)
+    @public_key = @keypair.public_key
+  end
+  
+  # Establish P2P connection to another mesh node
+  def connect_to_peer(peer_address)
+    connection = P2PConnection.new(peer_address)
+    connection.establish_secure_channel(@keypair)
+    
+    @p2p_connections[connection.peer_id] = connection
+    exchange_routing_info(connection)
+  end
+  
+  # Publish message into the mesh via P2P connections
+  def publish_to_mesh(message)
+    message._sm_header.from = @id
+    message._sm_header.ttl ||= 10  # Prevent infinite routing
+    
+    if service_is_local?(message.to)
+      # Deliver locally via P2P to local subscribers
+      deliver_to_local_subscribers(message)
+    else
+      # Route to other nodes via P2P connections
+      route_to_remote_nodes(message)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  # Receive message from peer and decide: deliver locally or route further
+  def receive_from_peer(message, from_peer_id)
+    return if already_seen?(message)
+    
+    if service_is_local?(message.to)
+      # Final delivery via P2P to local subscribers
+      deliver_to_local_subscribers(message)
+    else
+      # Continue routing via P2P to other nodes
+      forward_to_other_peers(message, exclude: from_peer_id)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def route_to_remote_nodes(message)
+    target_peers = @routing_table.find_routes(message.to)
+    
+    if target_peers.any?
+      # Send via P2P to known routes
+      target_peers.each do |peer_id|
+        @p2p_connections[peer_id].send_message(message)
+      end
+    else
+      # Flood via P2P to all neighbors for discovery
+      @p2p_connections.each_value do |connection|
+        connection.send_message(message)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def forward_to_other_peers(message, exclude:)
+    message._sm_header.ttl -= 1
+    return if message._sm_header.ttl <= 0
+    
+    @p2p_connections.each do |peer_id, connection|
+      next if peer_id == exclude
+      connection.send_message(message)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# P2P connection handles the actual networking
+class P2PConnection
+  def initialize(peer_address)
+    @peer_address = peer_address
+    @socket = nil
+    @message_queue = Queue.new
+    @send_thread = nil
+  end
+  
+  def send_message(message)
+    @message_queue.push(message)
+    ensure_send_thread_running
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def ensure_send_thread_running
+    return if @send_thread&.alive?
+    
+    @send_thread = Thread.new do
+      while message = @message_queue.pop
+        deliver_message_via_socket(message)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### P2P Transport Implementation
+
+```ruby
+module SmartMessage
+  module Transport
+    class P2PTransport < Base
+      def initialize(options = {})
+        super
+        @mesh_node = MeshNode.new
+        @mesh_node.start(options)
+      end
+      
+      def publish(message, routing_key = nil)
+        # P2P doesn't use routing keys, uses message.to field
+        message._sm_header.from = @mesh_node.id
+        
+        if message.to
+          # Direct message to specific peer
+          @mesh_node.send_to_peer(message.to, message)
+        else
+          # Broadcast to all peers subscribed to this message type
+          @mesh_node.broadcast(message)
+        end
+      end
+      
+      def subscribe(routing_key = nil, &block)
+        # Subscribe to message types, not routing keys
+        message_class = routing_key || SmartMessage::Base
+        @mesh_node.subscribe(message_class, &block)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+## Advanced Features
+
+### Distributed Hash Table (DHT) for Message Storage
+
+```ruby
+class DistributedMessageStore
+  def initialize(node)
+    @node = node
+    @dht = Kademlia::DHT.new(node.id)
+  end
+  
+  def store_message(message)
+    key = Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(message.uuid)
+    
+    # Find nodes responsible for this key
+    nodes = @dht.find_nodes(key, k: 3)
+    
+    # Replicate to multiple nodes
+    nodes.each do |node|
+      node.store(key, message.to_json)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def retrieve_message(uuid)
+    key = Digest::SHA256.hexdigest(uuid)
+    nodes = @dht.find_nodes(key)
+    
+    nodes.each do |node|
+      if data = node.retrieve(key)
+        return SmartMessage.from_json(data)
+      end
+    end
+    nil
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Gossip Protocol for State Synchronization
+
+```ruby
+class GossipProtocol
+  def initialize(node, interval: 1.0)
+    @node = node
+    @interval = interval
+    @state_version = 0
+    @peer_states = {}
+  end
+  
+  def start
+    Thread.new do
+      loop do
+        sleep @interval
+        gossip_with_random_peer
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def gossip_with_random_peer
+    peer = @node.connections.values.sample
+    return unless peer
+    
+    # Exchange state information
+    my_state = {
+      version: @state_version,
+      subscriptions: @node.subscriptions.keys,
+      peers_count: @node.connections.size,
+      message_types: known_message_types
+    }
+    
+    peer_state = peer.exchange_gossip(my_state)
+    merge_peer_state(peer_state)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+## Use Cases
+
+### 1. Decentralized IoT Networks with Bridge Nodes
+
+```ruby
+class IoTSensorReading < SmartMessage::Base
+  property :sensor_id, required: true
+  property :temperature, type: Float
+  property :humidity, type: Float
+  property :timestamp, type: Time
+  
+  transport SmartMessage::Transport::MeshTransport.new
+end
+
+# Sensor on local factory network publishes to cloud analytics
+sensor = IoTSensorReading.new(
+  sensor_id: "factory_sensor_01", 
+  temperature: 72.5,
+  humidity: 45.0,
+  timestamp: Time.now
+)
+
+# Routes across network boundaries via bridge nodes
+sensor.publish(to: "cloud-analytics-service")
+
+# Routing path:
+# Factory Sensor → Local Gateway (Bridge) → Internet → Cloud Bridge → Analytics
+#    (UDP local)         (TCP bridge)                     (UDP cloud)
+```
+
+### 2. Resilient Microservices
+
+```ruby
+class OrderService
+  def initialize
+    @transport = SmartMessage::Transport::MeshTransport.new(
+      service_name: "order-service"
+    )
+    
+    # Register this node as providing "order-service"
+    @transport.register_service("order-service")
+    
+    # Subscribe to payment confirmations (may come from any payment node)
+    PaymentConfirmed.transport(@transport)
+    PaymentConfirmed.subscribe do |payment|
+      process_payment_confirmation(payment)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def create_order(data)
+    # Send to inventory service - mesh will find it wherever it runs
+    InventoryCheck.new(
+      order_id: data[:order_id],
+      items: data[:items]
+    ).publish(to: "inventory-service")
+    
+    # Send to payment service - could be on any node in the mesh
+    PaymentRequest.new(
+      order_id: data[:order_id], 
+      amount: data[:amount]
+    ).publish(to: "payment-service")
+  end
+end
+
+# Messages route through the mesh automatically:
+# Order Node → Edge Node → Cloud Node → Payment Service Node
+# Order Node → Local Node → Inventory Service Node
+```
+
+### 3. Edge Computing Mesh
+
+```ruby
+# Edge nodes form a mesh for distributed computation
+class EdgeComputeNode
+  def initialize
+    @mesh = SmartMessage::Transport::P2PTransport.new(
+      capabilities: [:gpu, :high_memory],
+      region: "us-west"
+    )
+    
+    ComputeTask.transport(@mesh)
+    ComputeTask.subscribe do |task|
+      if can_handle?(task)
+        result = execute_task(task)
+        
+        # Send result back through mesh
+        TaskResult.new(
+          task_id: task.id,
+          result: result,
+          to: task.from  # Route back to originator
+        ).publish
+      else
+        # Forward to more capable peer
+        forward_to_capable_peer(task)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+## P2P as Mesh Foundation
+
+**P2P connections are the foundation** - every hop in the mesh is a peer-to-peer connection:
+
+```
+Publisher → Node A → Node C → Node F → Subscriber
+    ↑         ↑         ↑         ↑
+   P2P       P2P       P2P       P2P
+```
+
+**Each step involves P2P:**
+1. **Publisher → First Node**: P2P connection to inject message into mesh
+2. **Node → Node**: P2P connections for routing between mesh nodes  
+3. **Final Node → Subscriber**: P2P connection for final delivery
+
+**Key Difference:**
+
+**Simple P2P (journeta-style):**
+- Single-hop: Publisher directly connects to subscriber's node
+- Publisher must discover which specific node hosts the service
+
+**Mesh P2P (meshage):**
+- Multi-hop: Publisher connects to any mesh node, message routes through multiple P2P hops
+- Publisher only needs to know service name, not location
+
+```ruby
+# Simple P2P: Publisher must know exact location
+peer_node = discover_node_hosting("inventory-service")
+peer_node.send_message(inventory_check)
+
+# Mesh P2P: Publisher connects to any mesh node
+mesh.publish(inventory_check, to: "inventory-service")
+# Mesh handles: local_node → intermediate_nodes → destination_node
+```
+
+**Mesh Network = P2P + Routing Intelligence**
+
+## Benefits
+
+1. **No Single Point of Failure**: No central broker, no single routing node
+2. **Self-Healing**: Network routes around failed nodes and discovers new paths
+3. **Location Independence**: Services can move between nodes transparently  
+4. **Fault Tolerance**: Multiple routing paths provide redundancy
+5. **Dynamic Discovery**: Services are found through routing, not pre-configuration
+6. **Scalability**: Mesh grows organically, routing distributes automatically
+7. **Privacy**: Onion routing and encryption possible
+8. **Partition Tolerance**: Network segments can operate independently
+
+## Challenges
+
+1. **Network Partitions**: Mesh can split into islands
+2. **Message Ordering**: No global ordering guarantees  
+3. **Security**: Need peer authentication and encryption
+4. **Discovery Overhead**: Finding peers can be expensive
+5. **NAT Traversal**: Peers behind firewalls need special handling
+6. **Bridge Node Reliability**: Bridge failure isolates entire network segments
+7. **UDP vs TCP Coordination**: Local UDP discovery vs remote TCP connections
+8. **Bootstrap Node Dependencies**: Need known addresses to establish inter-network bridges
+
+### Bridge Node Challenges
+
+**Single Point of Failure:**
+```
+Network A ←→ [Single Bridge] ←→ Network B
+                    ↓ FAILS
+        Networks A and B become isolated
+```
+
+**Solution - Multiple Bridge Nodes:**
+```
+Network A ←→ [Bridge 1] ←→ Network B
+    ↑     ←→ [Bridge 2] ←→     ↑
+Multiple redundant bridge connections
+```
+
+**NAT Traversal for Bridge Nodes:**
+- Bridge nodes behind NAT need port forwarding or STUN/TURN
+- Or use reverse connections where bridge initiates outbound connections
+- WebRTC-style techniques for hole punching
+
+## Lessons from Journeta
+
+The journeta codebase provides excellent patterns for P2P networking that directly apply to our meshage implementation:
+
+### Discovery Architecture
+Journeta uses UDP multicast for presence broadcasting - a simple but effective approach:
+
+```ruby
+# From journeta/presence_broadcaster.rb - simplified
+class PresenceBroadcaster
+  def broadcast_presence
+    socket = UDPSocket.open
+    note = PresenceMessage.new(uuid, peer_port, groups)
+    socket.send(note.to_yaml, 0, multicast_address, port)
+  end
+end
+
+# For SmartMessage meshage:
+class MeshPresence < SmartMessage::Base
+  property :node_id, required: true
+  property :address, required: true  
+  property :port, required: true
+  property :capabilities, type: Array
+  property :message_types, type: Array # What messages this node handles
+  property :timestamp, type: Time
+end
+```
+
+### Peer Registry with Automatic Cleanup
+Journeta's PeerRegistry manages peer lifecycle with automatic reaping - crucial for mesh reliability:
+
+```ruby
+# Adapted from journeta/peer_registry.rb
+class MeshPeerRegistry
+  def initialize(mesh_node)
+    @peers = {}
+    @mutex = Mutex.new
+    @reaper_tolerance = 10.0 # seconds
+    start_reaper
+  end
+  
+  def reap_stale_peers
+    @mutex.synchronize do
+      stale_peers = @peers.select do |id, peer|
+        peer.last_seen < (Time.now - @reaper_tolerance)
+      end
+      
+      stale_peers.each do |id, peer|
+        @peers.delete(id)
+        notify_peer_offline(peer)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Connection Management
+Journeta uses queued message sending with separate threads per peer - good pattern for mesh:
+
+```ruby
+# From journeta/peer_connection.rb concept
+class MeshPeerConnection
+  def initialize(peer_info)
+    @peer = peer_info
+    @message_queue = Queue.new
+    @connection_thread = nil
+  end
+  
+  def send_message(message)
+    @message_queue.push(message)
+    ensure_connection_thread_running
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def connection_worker
+    while message = @message_queue.pop
+      begin
+        deliver_message(message)
+      rescue => e
+        handle_delivery_failure(message, e)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Group-Based Messaging
+Journeta's group concept maps perfectly to SmartMessage's message types and routing:
+
+```ruby
+# Enhanced meshage with group/topic support
+class MeshTransport < SmartMessage::Transport::Base
+  def initialize(options = {})
+    @groups = options[:groups] || []  # Which message types we handle
+    @mesh_node = MeshNode.new(
+      groups: @groups,
+      capabilities: options[:capabilities] || []
+    )
+  end
+  
+  def subscribe(message_class, &block)
+    # Register interest in this message type
+    @groups << message_class.name
+    @mesh_node.update_presence_info
+    
+    # Set up message handler
+    @mesh_node.on_message(message_class) do |message|
+      block.call(message) if block
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Threading Model
+Journeta's use of dedicated threads for each component is solid for mesh networking:
+
+```ruby
+class MeshNode
+  def start
+    @presence_broadcaster.start  # Periodic UDP broadcast
+    @presence_listener.start     # UDP listener for peer discovery
+    @message_listener.start      # TCP listener for direct messages
+    @peer_registry.start         # Peer lifecycle management
+  end
+  
+  def stop
+    [@presence_broadcaster, @presence_listener, 
+     @message_listener, @peer_registry].each(&:stop)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Key Improvements for Meshage
+
+1. **Better Routing**: Journeta only does direct peer-to-peer. Meshage needs routing through intermediate nodes.
+
+2. **Encryption**: Journeta sends YAML in plaintext. Meshage should encrypt all communications.
+
+3. **NAT Traversal**: Journeta assumes LAN connectivity. Meshage needs hole punching for internet-scale mesh.
+
+4. **Message Types**: Journeta sends arbitrary Ruby objects. Meshage should integrate with SmartMessage's typed message system.
+
+## Architecture Synthesis
+
+Combining journeta's proven patterns with SmartMessage's features:
+
+```ruby
+class SmartMeshTransport < SmartMessage::Transport::Base
+  def initialize(options = {})
+    @mesh_engine = JournetaEngine.new(
+      peer_handler: SmartMessagePeerHandler.new(self),
+      groups: extract_message_types_from_subscriptions
+    )
+    
+    # Enhanced with routing, encryption, and SmartMessage integration
+    @mesh_router = MeshRouter.new(@mesh_engine)
+    @message_crypto = MessageCrypto.new(options[:keypair])
+  end
+  
+  def publish(message, routing_key = nil)
+    encrypted_message = @message_crypto.encrypt(message)
+    
+    if message.to
+      @mesh_router.route_to_peer(message.to, encrypted_message)
+    else
+      @mesh_router.broadcast_to_subscribers(message.class, encrypted_message)
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+## Key Insight: Local Knowledge with Network Discovery
+
+The fundamental characteristic is **limited local knowledge with network-wide discovery**:
+
+```ruby
+# Publisher knows:
+# - Local services on same node ✓
+# - Which peer nodes it can connect to ✓
+# - What subscribers are on remote nodes ✗
+
+OrderMessage.new(data: order_data).publish(to: "inventory-service")
+
+# Each node in the route knows:
+# - Its local subscribers ✓
+# - Its connected peer nodes ✓  
+# - Subscribers on other nodes ✗
+
+# Network discovery works via:
+# 1. Check local subscribers first
+# 2. Forward to connected peers (they don't know either)
+# 3. Each peer checks locally, forwards if not found
+# 4. Eventually reaches node(s) with matching subscribers
+# 5. Route gets cached for future messages
+```
+
+**This approach is scalable because:**
+- No node needs global knowledge of all services
+- No centralized service directory to maintain
+- Discovery happens naturally through message routing
+- Successful routes are cached to avoid repeated flooding
+
+The mesh network acts as a **distributed discovery system** where each node only knows about its immediate neighborhood, but the collective network can find services anywhere through progressive forwarding.
+
+## Message Deduplication for Multi-Node Subscribers
+
+**Critical Challenge:** A subscriber connected to multiple nodes can receive the same message via different routing paths:
+
+```
+Publisher → Node A → Subscriber
+         ↘ Node B ↗
+         
+Subscriber receives same message twice!
+```
+
+### Deduplication Architecture
+
+```ruby
+class MeshSubscriber 
+  def initialize(service_name)
+    @service_name = service_name
+    @message_cache = LRU.new(1000)  # Recent message UUIDs
+    @connected_nodes = Set.new       # Multiple mesh nodes
+  end
+  
+  # Connect to multiple mesh nodes for redundancy
+  def connect_to_mesh_nodes(node_addresses)
+    node_addresses.each do |address|
+      mesh_connection = MeshConnection.new(address)
+      mesh_connection.subscribe(@service_name) do |message|
+        handle_message_with_deduplication(message)
+      end
+      @connected_nodes.add(mesh_connection)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def handle_message_with_deduplication(message)
+    # Check if we've already processed this message
+    return if @message_cache.include?(message._sm_header.uuid)
+    
+    # Mark as processed to prevent duplicates
+    @message_cache[message._sm_header.uuid] = Time.now
+    
+    # Process the message only once
+    process_message(message)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Multi-Path Routing Example
+
+```ruby
+class InventoryService
+  def initialize
+    # Connect to multiple nodes for fault tolerance
+    @mesh_subscriber = MeshSubscriber.new("inventory-service")
+    @mesh_subscriber.connect_to_mesh_nodes([
+      "mesh-node-1:8080",
+      "mesh-node-2:8080", 
+      "mesh-node-3:8080"
+    ])
+  end
+  
+  # This will only be called once per unique message
+  # even though connected to multiple nodes
+  def process_message(order_message)
+    puts "Processing order #{order_message.order_id} - will only see this once!"
+    update_inventory(order_message.items)
+  end
+end
+
+# Message flow with deduplication:
+# Publisher → Node A → InventoryService ✓ (processed)
+#          ↘ Node B → InventoryService ✗ (deduplicated)  
+#          ↘ Node C → InventoryService ✗ (deduplicated)
+```
+
+### Node-Level Deduplication - Critical for Multi-Peer Nodes
+
+**Challenge:** Nodes connected to multiple peers receive the same message via different routes:
+
+```
+Peer A → Node X ← Peer B
+         ↓
+   Same message arrives twice!
+```
+
+**Node DDQ Implementation:**
+
+```ruby
+class MeshNode
+  def initialize
+    @processed_messages = LRU.new(2000)    # Track processed message UUIDs
+    @connected_peers = {}                  # Multiple peer connections
+    @local_subscribers = {}                # Local service handlers
+  end
+  
+  def receive_message_from_peer(message, from_peer_id)
+    # CRITICAL: Check if we've already processed this message
+    if @processed_messages.include?(message._sm_header.uuid)
+      log_debug("Dropping duplicate message #{message._sm_header.uuid} from #{from_peer_id}")
+      return  # Don't process duplicates!
+    end
+    
+    # Mark as processed IMMEDIATELY to prevent re-processing
+    @processed_messages[message._sm_header.uuid] = {
+      first_received_from: from_peer_id,
+      received_at: Time.now
+    }
+    
+    # Now safe to process the message
+    route_message_internally(message, from_peer_id)
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def route_message_internally(message, from_peer_id)
+    # Deliver to local subscribers if we have them
+    if has_local_subscribers?(message.to)
+      deliver_to_local_subscribers(message)
+      # Note: Don't return - message may need to continue routing
+    end
+    
+    # Forward to other connected peers (excluding sender)
+    forward_to_other_peers(message, exclude: from_peer_id)
+  end
+  
+  def forward_to_other_peers(message, exclude:)
+    # Decrement TTL to prevent infinite routing
+    message._sm_header.ttl -= 1
+    return if message._sm_header.ttl <= 0
+    
+    @connected_peers.each do |peer_id, connection|
+      next if peer_id == exclude  # Don't send back to sender
+      
+      connection.send_message(message)
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+**Multi-Peer Node Scenario:**
+
+```ruby
+# Node connected to 4 peers for redundancy
+class HighAvailabilityMeshNode < MeshNode
+  def initialize
+    super
+    
+    # Connect to multiple peers for fault tolerance
+    connect_to_peers([
+      "mesh-peer-1:8080",
+      "mesh-peer-2:8080", 
+      "mesh-peer-3:8080",
+      "mesh-peer-4:8080"
+    ])
+  end
+  
+  # Same message might arrive from multiple peers:
+  # Peer 1 → This Node ✓ (processed)
+  # Peer 2 → This Node ✗ (deduplicated)
+  # Peer 3 → This Node ✗ (deduplicated)
+  # Peer 4 → This Node ✗ (deduplicated)
+end
+```
+
+**DDQ Prevents Multiple Issues:**
+
+1. **Duplicate Local Delivery:**
+```ruby
+# Without DDQ:
+# Peer A sends OrderMessage → Node processes → Delivers to local InventoryService
+# Peer B sends same OrderMessage → Node processes → Delivers AGAIN to InventoryService!
+
+# With DDQ:
+# Peer A sends OrderMessage → Node processes → Delivers to local InventoryService ✓
+# Peer B sends same OrderMessage → Node deduplicates → NO duplicate delivery ✓
+```
+
+2. **Duplicate Forwarding:**
+```ruby
+# Without DDQ:
+# Peer A → Node X → forwards to Peers C,D,E
+# Peer B → Node X → forwards AGAIN to Peers C,D,E (message storm!)
+
+# With DDQ:
+# Peer A → Node X → forwards to Peers C,D,E ✓
+# Peer B → Node X → deduplicated, no forwarding ✓
+```
+
+3. **Routing Loops:**
+```ruby
+# Without DDQ, messages can loop forever:
+# Node A → Node B → Node C → Node A → Node B...
+
+# With DDQ, each node only processes each message once:
+# Node A → Node B → Node C → (back to Node A but deduplicated)
+```
+
+**Enhanced Message Flow with Node DDQ:**
+
+```
+Publisher
+    ↓
+  Node 1 (receives original message)
+  ↙    ↘
+Node 2  Node 3 (both forward to Node 4)
+  ↘    ↙
+  Node 4 (receives same message from both Node 2 and Node 3)
+         DDQ prevents duplicate processing! ✓
+```
+
+### SmartMessage Header Enhancement
+
+```ruby
+class SmartMessageHeader
+  property :uuid, required: true           # For deduplication
+  property :ttl, type: Integer, default: 10 # Prevent infinite routing
+  property :route_path, type: Array        # Track routing path
+  property :came_from, type: String        # Prevent backtracking
+  
+  def add_to_route_path(node_id)
+    @route_path ||= []
+    @route_path << node_id
+  end
+  
+  def visited_node?(node_id)
+    @route_path&.include?(node_id)
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Deduplication Benefits in Mesh
+
+1. **Subscriber Reliability**: Subscribers can connect to multiple nodes without receiving duplicates
+2. **Node Reliability**: Nodes can connect to multiple peers without processing duplicates  
+3. **Fault Tolerance**: If connections fail, redundant paths still work without creating duplicates
+4. **Load Distribution**: Messages can flow through different paths but are processed exactly once
+5. **Network Efficiency**: Prevents message storms and routing loops
+6. **Mesh Scalability**: Enables dense connectivity without duplicate processing overhead
+
+### DDQ at Every Level
+
+**Complete Deduplication Stack:**
+
+```ruby
+# Level 1: Publisher (sends once but to multiple entry points)
+Publisher → [Node A, Node B] (same message to multiple nodes)
+
+# Level 2: Entry Nodes (deduplicate between entry points)  
+Node A → downstream peers (processes once)
+Node B → downstream peers (deduplicates, doesn't reprocess)
+
+# Level 3: Intermediate Nodes (deduplicate multi-path routing)
+Node C ← [Node A, Node B] (receives from both, processes once)
+
+# Level 4: Subscriber Nodes (deduplicate final delivery)
+Subscriber Node ← [Path 1, Path 2] (receives via multiple paths, processes once)
+
+# Level 5: Subscribers (deduplicate multi-node connections)
+Subscriber ← [Node X, Node Y] (connected to multiple nodes, processes once)
+```
+
+**Every layer needs DDQ because every layer can receive duplicates!**
+
+### Use Case: Resilient Payment Service
+
+```ruby
+class PaymentService
+  def initialize
+    # Connect to multiple mesh nodes across different data centers
+    @mesh_subscriber = MeshSubscriber.new("payment-service")
+    @mesh_subscriber.connect_to_mesh_nodes([
+      "dc1-mesh-node:8080",    # Data center 1
+      "dc2-mesh-node:8080",    # Data center 2  
+      "edge-mesh-node:8080"    # Edge location
+    ])
+  end
+  
+  def process_payment(payment_request)
+    # Critical: This must only execute once per payment
+    # Even though we're connected to multiple mesh nodes
+    charge_credit_card(payment_request.amount)
+  end
+end
+
+# Scenario: Network partition heals
+# - Payment request sent during partition reached DC1
+# - When partition heals, might also route through DC2
+# - Deduplication ensures payment only processed once
+```
+
+## Network Control Messages
+
+Mesh networks need control messages for management and coordination - these have different routing patterns than application messages:
+
+### Control Message Types
+
+```ruby
+module SmartMessage
+  module MeshControl
+    # Node presence announcement (local network broadcast)
+    class PresenceAnnouncement < SmartMessage::Base
+      property :node_id, required: true
+      property :node_address, required: true
+      property :tcp_port, type: Integer
+      property :capabilities, type: Array, default: []
+      property :local_services, type: Array, default: []
+      property :is_bridge_node, type: TrueClass, default: false
+      property :bridge_networks, type: Array, default: []
+      property :mesh_version, type: String
+      property :announced_at, type: Time, default: -> { Time.now }
+      
+      # Presence messages use UDP broadcast, not mesh routing
+      transport SmartMessage::Transport::UDPBroadcast.new
+    end
+    
+    # Graceful shutdown notification (mesh-routed)
+    class NodeShutdown < SmartMessage::Base
+      property :node_id, required: true
+      property :reason, type: String, default: "graceful_shutdown"
+      property :estimated_downtime, type: Integer  # seconds
+      property :replacement_nodes, type: Array, default: []
+      property :shutdown_at, type: Time, default: -> { Time.now }
+      
+      # Shutdown messages route through mesh to all nodes
+      transport SmartMessage::Transport::MeshTransport.new
+    end
+    
+    # Health check / heartbeat (peer-to-peer)
+    class HealthCheck < SmartMessage::Base
+      property :node_id, required: true
+      property :sequence_number, type: Integer
+      property :timestamp, type: Time, default: -> { Time.now }
+      property :load_average, type: Float
+      property :active_connections, type: Integer
+      property :message_queue_depth, type: Integer
+      
+      # Health checks go directly between connected peers
+      transport SmartMessage::Transport::P2PTransport.new
+    end
+    
+    # Route learning/sharing between nodes
+    class RouteAdvertisement < SmartMessage::Base
+      property :node_id, required: true
+      property :known_services, type: Hash  # service_name => [node_paths]
+      property :route_costs, type: Hash     # service_name => hop_count
+      property :last_seen, type: Hash       # service_name => timestamp
+      
+      # Route ads propagate through mesh with limited TTL
+      transport SmartMessage::Transport::MeshTransport.new(ttl: 3)
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Control Message Routing Patterns
+
+```ruby
+class MeshControlHandler
+  def initialize(mesh_node)
+    @mesh_node = mesh_node
+    setup_control_message_subscriptions
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def setup_control_message_subscriptions
+    # Handle presence announcements (UDP broadcast)
+    PresenceAnnouncement.subscribe do |announcement|
+      handle_peer_presence(announcement)
+    end
+    
+    # Handle shutdown notifications (mesh-routed)
+    NodeShutdown.subscribe do |shutdown|
+      handle_peer_shutdown(shutdown)
+    end
+    
+    # Handle health checks (direct P2P)
+    HealthCheck.subscribe do |health|
+      handle_peer_health(health)
+    end
+    
+    # Handle route advertisements (mesh-routed, limited TTL)
+    RouteAdvertisement.subscribe do |route_ad|
+      handle_route_advertisement(route_ad)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def handle_peer_presence(announcement)
+    if announcement.node_id != @mesh_node.id
+      # Update peer registry
+      @mesh_node.register_or_update_peer(
+        id: announcement.node_id,
+        address: announcement.node_address,
+        port: announcement.tcp_port,
+        services: announcement.local_services,
+        is_bridge: announcement.is_bridge_node,
+        last_seen: announcement.announced_at
+      )
+      
+      # Attempt connection if beneficial
+      consider_connecting_to_peer(announcement)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def handle_peer_shutdown(shutdown)
+    # Remove from routing tables
+    @mesh_node.remove_peer(shutdown.node_id)
+    
+    # Update route cache to avoid the shutting down node
+    @mesh_node.invalidate_routes_through(shutdown.node_id)
+    
+    # If replacement nodes suggested, consider connecting
+    shutdown.replacement_nodes.each do |replacement|
+      consider_connecting_to_peer(replacement)
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def handle_peer_health(health)
+    # Update peer health metrics
+    @mesh_node.update_peer_health(
+      health.node_id,
+      load: health.load_average,
+      connections: health.active_connections,
+      queue_depth: health.message_queue_depth,
+      last_heartbeat: health.timestamp
+    )
+    
+    # Respond with our health if this is a health check request
+    respond_to_health_check(health) if health.sequence_number > 0
+  end
+  
+  def handle_route_advertisement(route_ad)
+    # Update routing table with learned routes
+    route_ad.known_services.each do |service_name, node_paths|
+      cost = route_ad.route_costs[service_name] + 1  # Add one hop
+      last_seen = route_ad.last_seen[service_name]
+      
+      @mesh_node.learn_route(service_name, node_paths, cost, last_seen)
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Periodic Control Message Generation
+
+```ruby
+class MeshControlScheduler
+  def initialize(mesh_node)
+    @mesh_node = mesh_node
+    @running = false
+  end
+  
+  def start
+    @running = true
+    
+    # Start presence broadcasting (local network)
+    @presence_thread = Thread.new { presence_broadcast_loop }
+    
+    # Start health checking (peer connections)
+    @health_thread = Thread.new { health_check_loop }
+    
+    # Start route sharing (mesh network)
+    @route_thread = Thread.new { route_advertisement_loop }
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def presence_broadcast_loop
+    sequence = 0
+    while @running
+      PresenceAnnouncement.new(
+        node_id: @mesh_node.id,
+        node_address: @mesh_node.external_address,
+        tcp_port: @mesh_node.port,
+        capabilities: @mesh_node.capabilities,
+        local_services: @mesh_node.local_service_names,
+        is_bridge_node: @mesh_node.bridge_node?,
+        bridge_networks: @mesh_node.bridge_networks
+      ).publish
+      
+      sleep 5  # Broadcast every 5 seconds
+      sequence += 1
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def health_check_loop
+    sequence = 0
+    while @running
+      # Send health check to each connected peer
+      @mesh_node.connected_peers.each do |peer_id, connection|
+        HealthCheck.new(
+          node_id: @mesh_node.id,
+          sequence_number: sequence,
+          load_average: system_load_average,
+          active_connections: @mesh_node.connection_count,
+          message_queue_depth: @mesh_node.queue_depth
+        ).publish(to: peer_id)
+      end
+      
+      sleep 10  # Health check every 10 seconds
+      sequence += 1
+    end
+  end
+  
+  def route_advertisement_loop
+    while @running
+      # Share known routes with mesh (limited propagation)
+      RouteAdvertisement.new(
+        node_id: @mesh_node.id,
+        known_services: @mesh_node.routing_table.known_services,
+        route_costs: @mesh_node.routing_table.route_costs,
+        last_seen: @mesh_node.routing_table.last_seen_times
+      ).publish  # Mesh-routed with TTL=3
+      
+      sleep 30  # Route sharing every 30 seconds
+    end
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Graceful Shutdown Protocol
+
+```ruby
+class GracefulShutdown
+  def initialize(mesh_node)
+    @mesh_node = mesh_node
+  end
+  
+  def initiate_shutdown(reason: "graceful_shutdown", drain_time: 10)
+    # 1. Stop accepting new connections
+    @mesh_node.stop_accepting_connections
+    
+    # 2. Announce shutdown to mesh network
+    NodeShutdown.new(
+      node_id: @mesh_node.id,
+      reason: reason,
+      estimated_downtime: drain_time,
+      replacement_nodes: suggest_replacement_nodes
+    ).publish
+    
+    # 3. Wait for message queues to drain
+    wait_for_queue_drain(timeout: drain_time)
+    
+    # 4. Close peer connections gracefully
+    @mesh_node.close_all_connections
+    
+    # 5. Stop control message generation
+    @mesh_node.stop_control_scheduler
+  end
+  
+  private
+  
+  def suggest_replacement_nodes
+    # Suggest peer nodes that could handle our local services
+    @mesh_node.connected_peers.select do |peer_id, peer_info|
+      peer_info.capabilities.intersect?(@mesh_node.local_services)
+    end.keys
+  end
+end
+```
+
+### Control Message Benefits
+
+1. **Network Awareness**: Nodes discover each other and their capabilities
+2. **Health Monitoring**: Detect failed nodes and connection issues
+3. **Route Learning**: Build efficient routing tables through shared knowledge
+4. **Graceful Degradation**: Handle planned shutdowns and maintenance
+5. **Load Balancing**: Route messages based on node health and capacity
+6. **Bridge Discovery**: Find nodes that can route to other networks
+
+## Implementation Summary
+
+This comprehensive design for Meshage provides a complete architecture for true mesh networking in SmartMessage:
+
+### Core Architecture Components
+1. **P2P Foundation**: Uses p2p2-style NAT traversal and connection management as the networking foundation
+2. **Multi-Hop Routing**: Messages route through intermediate nodes with local knowledge only
+3. **Bridge Nodes**: Enable inter-network connectivity beyond UDP broadcast limitations
+4. **Multi-Layer Deduplication**: Prevents message storms at subscriber, node, and network levels
+5. **Network Control Messages**: Management protocols for presence, health, shutdown, and route discovery
+
+### Key Design Principles Achieved
+- **Complete Decentralization**: No central brokers or coordination points
+- **Location-Agnostic Publishing**: Publishers don't need to know subscriber locations
+- **Local Knowledge Model**: Nodes only know immediate connections, ensuring scalability
+- **Progressive Discovery**: Services found through network-wide routing, not pre-configuration
+- **Fault Tolerance**: Multiple routing paths and redundant connections
+- **Self-Healing**: Network automatically routes around failed nodes
+
+### Innovation Synthesis
+- **P2P2 NAT Traversal**: Proven hole punching techniques for internet-scale connectivity
+- **Journeta Threading**: Robust concurrent connection management patterns
+- **SmartMessage Integration**: Typed messages with validation and lifecycle management
+- **Mesh Routing Intelligence**: Multi-hop discovery with route caching and TTL protection
+
+This design transforms SmartMessage from a traditional message bus into a resilient, decentralized mesh networking platform suitable for IoT, edge computing, and distributed microservices architectures.
+
+## Next Steps for Implementation
+
+- **Phase 1**: Basic P2P connections with SmartMessage integration
+- **Phase 2**: Local network mesh with UDP discovery and multi-hop routing  
+- **Phase 3**: Bridge nodes for inter-network connectivity with TCP tunneling
+- **Phase 4**: Advanced features (DHT storage, gossip protocols, encryption)
+- **Phase 5**: Production hardening (monitoring, metrics, debugging tools)