sisimai 5.2.1-java → 5.4.0-java

data/lib/sisimai/rfc791.rb

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ module Sisimai
         end
         return true
       end
+
       # Find an IPv4 address from the given string
       # @param    [String] argv1  String including an IPv4 address
       # @return   [Array]         List of IPv4 addresses
@@ -26,14 +27,15 @@ module Sisimai
         return nil if argv0.to_s.empty?
         return []  if argv0.size < 7
 
+        given = argv0.dup
         ipv4a = []
         %w|( ) [ ] ,|.each do |e|
           # Rewrite: "mx.example.jp[192.0.2.1]" => "mx.example.jp 192.0.2.1"
-          p0 = argv0.index(e); next unless p0
-          argv0[p0, 1] = ' '
+          p0 = given.index(e); next unless p0
+          given[p0, 1] = ' '
         end
 
-        argv0.split(' ').each do |e|
+        given.split(' ').each do |e|
           # Find string including an IPv4 address
           next unless e.index('.')  # IPv4 address must include "." character
 
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ module Sisimai
               eo = ''
               next
             end
-            eo << as.chr
+            eo += as.chr
             break if eo.to_i > 255
           end
           ipv4a << e if eo.size > 0 && eo.to_i < 256

data/lib/sisimai/rhost/google.rb

@@ -82,7 +82,15 @@ module Sisimai
             # - 421 4.7.32 Your email has been rate limited because the From: header (RFC5322) in
             #   this message isn't aligned with either the authenticated SPF or DKIM organizational
             #   domain.
+            # - 421 5.7.32 Your email was blocked because the From: header (RFC5322) in this message
+            #   isn't aligned with either the authenticated SPF or DKIM organizational domain.
             ['421', '4.7.32', 'aligned with either the authenticated spf or dkim'],
+            ["421", "5.7.32", "aligned with either the authenticated spf or dkim"],
+
+            # - 421 4.7.40 Your email has been rate limited because the sending domain doesn't
+            #   have a DMARC record, or the DMARC record doesn’t specify a DMARC policy. Gmail
+            #   requires all bulk email senders to add a DMARC record to their sending domain.
+            ["421", "4.7.40", "to add a dmarc record to "],
           ],
           'badreputation' => [
             # - 421 4.7.0 This message is suspicious due to the very low reputation of the sending

data/lib/sisimai/rhost/microsoft.rb

@@ -23,6 +23,13 @@ module Sisimai
             # - Access denied, sending domain [$SenderDomain] does not pass DMARC verification
             # - The sender's domain in the 5322.From address doesn't pass DMARC.
             ['5.7.509', 0, 0, 'does not pass dmarc verification'],
+
+            # - 550 5.7.515 Access denied, sending domain EXAMPLE.JP doesn't meet the required
+            #   authentication level. The sender's domain in the 5322.From address doesn't meet
+            #   the authentication requirements defined for the sender. To learn how to fix this
+            #   see: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=2319303
+            #   Spf= Fail , Dkim= Pass , DMARC= Pass ...
+            ["5.7.515", 0, 0, "doesn't meet the required authentication level"],
           ],
           'badreputation' => [
             # Undocumented error messages ---------------------------------------------------------
@@ -597,11 +604,16 @@ module Sisimai
             ['5.2.14', 0, 0, 'misconfigured forwarding address'],
 
             # Undocumented error messages ---------------------------------------------------------
-            ['4.4.3',  0, 0, 'temporary server error. please try again later attr18'],
-            ['4.7.0',  0, 0, 'temporary server error. please try again later. prx4 nexthop:'],
-            ['4.4.24', 0, 0, 'message failed to be replicated: insufficient system resource:'],
-            ['4.4.25', 0, 0, 'message failed to be replicated: no healthy secondary server available to accept replica at this time.'],
-            ['4.4.28', 0, 0, 'message failed to be replicated: the operation was canceled'],
+            # - 451 4.4.22 Message failed to be replicated: no healthy peers found ... (in reply to end of DATA command)
+            # - 451 4.4.23 Message failed to be replicated: No healthy secondary server available
+            #   to accept replica at this time. ... (in reply to end of DATA command)
+            # - 451 4.4.28 Message failed to be replicated:
+            #   Microsoft.Exchange.Transport.Net.Http.TransportHttpException(session Id: -1) ...(in reply to end of DATA command)
+            # - 451 4.4.28 Message failed to be replicated:
+            #   System.Net.Http.HttpRequestException(session Id: ****) ... (in reply to end of DATA command)
+            ["4.4.", "22", "28", "message failed to be replicated:"],
+            ["4.4.3",  "",   "", "temporary server error. please try again later attr18"],
+            ["4.7.0",  "",   "", "temporary server error. please try again later. prx4 nexthop:"],
 
             # 550 5.4.318 Message expired, connection reset (SuspiciousRemoteServerError)
             # 450 4.4.318 Connection was closed abruptly (SuspiciousRemoteServerError)

data/lib/sisimai/rhost.rb

@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ module Sisimai
         return "" if argvs.nil?
 
         rhostclass = name(argvs); return "" if rhostclass.empty?
-        modulepath = "sisimai/rhost/"   << rhostclass.downcase; require modulepath
-        modulename = "Sisimai::Rhost::" << rhostclass
+        modulepath = "sisimai/rhost/#{rhostclass.downcase}"; require modulepath
+        modulename = "Sisimai::Rhost::#{rhostclass}"
 
         #rhostclass = "sisimai/rhost/" << modulename.downcase.split("::")[2]; require rhostclass
         reasontext = Module.const_get(modulename).find(argvs)

data/lib/sisimai/smtp/command.rb

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ module Sisimai
           return "" unless Sisimai::SMTP::Command.test(argv0)
 
           issuedcode = " " + argv0.downcase + " "
-          commandmap = { "STAR" => "STARTTLS", "XFOR" => "XFORWARD" }
+          commandmap = {"STAR" => "STARTTLS", "XFOR" => "XFORWARD"}
           commandset = []
 
           Detectable.each do |e|

data/lib/sisimai/smtp/failure.rb

@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@ module Sisimai
         #                           false: Is not a permanent error
         # @since v4.17.3
         def is_permanent(argv1 = '')
-          return false unless argv1
-          return false unless argv1.size > 0
+          return false if argv1.to_s == ""
 
           statuscode = Sisimai::SMTP::Status.find(argv1)
           statuscode = Sisimai::SMTP::Reply.find(argv1) if statuscode.empty?
@@ -28,16 +27,14 @@ module Sisimai
         #                           false: is not a temporary error
         # @since v5.2.0
         def is_temporary(argv1 = '')
-          return false unless argv1
-          return false unless argv1.size > 0
+          return false if argv1.to_s == ""
 
           statuscode = Sisimai::SMTP::Status.find(argv1);
           statuscode = Sisimai::SMTP::Reply.find(argv1) if statuscode.empty?
           issuedcode = argv1.downcase
 
           return true if statuscode[0, 1] == "4"
-          return true if issuedcode.include?(' temporar')
-          return true if issuedcode.include?(' persistent')
+          return true if issuedcode.include?(' temporar') || issuedcode.include?(' persistent')
           return false
         end
 
@@ -46,9 +43,7 @@ module Sisimai
         # @param    [String] argv2  String including SMTP Status code
         # @return   [Boolean]       true: is a hard bounce
         def is_hardbounce(argv1 = '', argv2 = '')
-          return false unless argv1
-          return false unless argv1.size > 0
-
+          return false if argv1.to_s == ""
           return false if argv1 == "undefined" || argv1 == "onhold"
           return false if argv1 == "delivered" || argv1 == "feedback"    || argv1 == "vacation"
           return true  if argv1 == "hasmoved"  || argv1 == "userunknown" || argv1 == "hostunknown"
@@ -76,9 +71,7 @@ module Sisimai
         # @param    [String] argv2  String including SMTP Status code
         # @return   [Boolean]       true: is a soft bounce
         def is_softbounce(argv1 = '', argv2 = '')
-          return false unless argv1
-          return false unless argv1.size > 0
-
+          return false if argv1.to_s == ""
           return false if argv1 == "delivered" || argv1 == "feedback"    || argv1 == "vacation"
           return false if argv1 == "hasmoved"  || argv1 == "userunknown" || argv1 == "hostunknown"
           return true  if argv1 == "undefined" || argv1 == "onhold"

data/lib/sisimai/smtp/reply.rb

@@ -58,8 +58,11 @@ module Sisimai
           # 251   User not local; will forward to <forward-path> (See Section 3.4)
           # 252   Cannot VRFY user, but will accept message and attempt delivery (See Section 3.5.3)
           # 253   OK, <n> pending messages for node <domain> started (See RFC1985)
+          # 334   A server challenge is sent as a 334 reply with the text part containing the [BASE64]
+          #       encoded string supplied by the SASL mechanism.  This challenge MUST NOT contain any
+          #       text other than the BASE64 encoded challenge. (RFC4954)
           # 354   Start mail input; end with <CRLF>.<CRLF>
-          '211', '214', '220', '221', '235', '250', '251', '252', '253', '354'
+          '211', '214', '220', '221', '235', '250', '251', '252', '253', '334', '354'
         ].freeze
         ReplyCode4 = [
           # 421   <domain> Service not available, closing transmission channel (This may be a reply
@@ -86,7 +89,6 @@ module Sisimai
           # 502   Command not implemented (see Section 4.2.4)
           # 503   Bad sequence of commands
           # 504   Command parameter not implemented
-          # 520   Please use the correct QHLO ID (See https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/id/draft-fanf-smtp-quickstart-01.txt)
           # 521   Host does not accept mail (See RFC7504)
           # 523   Encryption Needed (See RFC5248)
           # 524   (See RFC5248)
@@ -104,11 +106,27 @@ module Sisimai
           # 554   Transaction failed (Or, in the case of a connection-opening response, "No SMTP service here")
           # 555   MAIL FROM/RCPT TO parameters not recognized or not implemented
           # 556   Domain does not accept mail (See RFC7504)
-          # 557   draft-moore-email-addrquery-01
-          '550', '552', '553', '551', '521', '525', '502', '520', '523', '524', '530', '533', '534',
-          '535', '538', '551', '555', '556', '554', '557', '500', '501', '502', '503', '504',
+          "550", "552", "553", "551", "521", "525", "523", "524", "530", "533", "534", "535", "538",
+          "555", "556", "554", "500", "501", "502", "503", "504",
         ].freeze
-        CodeOfSMTP = { '2' => ReplyCode2, '4' => ReplyCode4, '5' => ReplyCode5 }.freeze
+        CodeOfSMTP = {'2' => ReplyCode2, '4' => ReplyCode4, '5' => ReplyCode5}.freeze
+        Associated = {
+          "422" => ["AUTH",     "4.7.12",  "securityerror"], # RFC5238
+          "432" => ["AUTH",     "4.7.12",  "securityerror"], # RFC4954, RFC5321
+          "500" => ["",         "",        "syntaxerror"],   # RFC5321
+          "501" => ["",         "",        "syntaxerror"],   # RFC5321
+          "502" => ["",         "",        "syntaxerror"],   # RFC5321
+          "503" => ["",         "",        "syntaxerror"],   # RFC5321
+          "504" => ["",         "",        "syntaxerror"],   # RFC5321
+          "521" => ["CONN",     "",        "notaccept"],     # RFC7504
+          "523" => ["AUTH",     "",        "securityerror"], # RFC5248
+          "524" => ["AUTH",     "",        "securityerror"], # RFC5248
+          "525" => ["AUTH",     "",        "securityerror"], # RFC5248
+          "534" => ["AUTH",     "5.7.9",   "securityerror"], # RFC4954, RFC5248
+          "535" => ["AUTH",     "5.7.8",   "securityerror"], # RFC4954, RFC5248
+          "538" => ["AUTH",     "5.7.11",  "securityerror"], # RFC4954, RFC5248
+          "556" => ["RCPT",     "",        "notaccept"],     # RFC7504
+        }.freeze
 
         # Check whether a reply code is a valid code or not
         # @param    [String] argv1  Reply Code(DSN)
@@ -122,7 +140,7 @@ module Sisimai
           first = (reply / 100).to_i
 
           return false if reply < 211
-          return false if reply > 557
+          return false if reply > 556
           return false if reply % 100 > 59
 
           if first == 2
@@ -135,7 +153,7 @@ module Sisimai
 
           if first == 3
             # 3yz
-            return false unless reply == 354
+            return false unless reply == 334 || reply == 354
             return true
           end
 
@@ -145,11 +163,9 @@ module Sisimai
         # Get SMTP Reply Code from the given string
         # @param    [String] argv1  String including SMTP Reply Code like 550
         # @param    [String] argv2  Status code like 5.1.1 or 2 or 4 or 5
-        # @return   [String]        SMTP Reply Code
-        #           [Nil]           The first argument did not include SMTP Reply Code value
+        # @return   [String]        SMTP Reply Code or an empty string
         def find(argv1 = '', argv2 = '0')
-          return "" if argv1.to_s.size < 3
-          return "" if argv1.upcase.include?('X-UNIX')
+          return "" if argv1.to_s.size < 3 || argv1.upcase.include?('X-UNIX')
 
           esmtperror = ' ' + argv1 + ' '
           esmtpreply = ''
@@ -182,6 +198,11 @@ module Sisimai
           return esmtpreply
         end
 
+        # associatedwith returns a slice associated with the SMTP reply code of the argument
+        # @param    [String] argv1  SMTP reply code like 550
+        # @return   [Array]         ["SMTP Command", "DSN", "Reason"]
+        # @since v5.2.2
+        def associatedwith(argv1 = ''); return Associated[argv1] || []; end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/sisimai/smtp/status.rb

@@ -677,11 +677,10 @@ module Sisimai
         # @param    [String]     argv1  Reason name
         # @param    [True,False] argv2  false: Permanent error
         #                               true:  Temporary error
-        # @return   [String, Nil]       DSN or Nil if the 1st argument is missing
+        # @return   [String]            DSN or an empty string if the 1st argument is missing
         # @see      name
         def code(argv1 = nil, argv2 = false)
-          return nil unless argv1
-          return nil if argv1.empty?
+          return "" if argv1.to_s.empty?
 
           table = argv2 ? InternalCode[:temporary] : InternalCode[:permanent]
           code0 = table[argv1] || InternalCode[:permanent][argv1] || nil
@@ -690,13 +689,11 @@ module Sisimai
 
         # Convert from the status code to the reason string
         # @param    [String] argv1  Status code(DSN)
-        # @return   [String]        Reason name 
-        #           [Nil]           The first argument did not match with values in reason list
+        # @return   [String]        Reason name or an empty string
         # @see      code
         def name(argv1 = nil)
-          return nil unless argv1
-          return nil unless Sisimai::SMTP::Status.test(argv1)
-          return StandardCode[argv1] || nil
+          return "" unless Sisimai::SMTP::Status.test(argv1.to_s)
+          return StandardCode[argv1] || ""
         end
 
         # Check whether a status code is a valid code or not
@@ -705,29 +702,23 @@ module Sisimai
         # @see      code
         # @since v5.0.0
         def test(argv1 = '')
-          return false if argv1.to_s.empty?
-          return false if argv1.size < 5
-          return false if argv1.size > 7
+          return false if argv1.to_s.empty? || argv1.size < 5 || argv1.size > 7
 
           token = []
           argv1.split('.').each { |e| token << e.to_i }
           return false unless token.size == 3
-          return false if token[0]  < 2
-          return false if token[0] == 3
-          return false if token[0]  > 5
-          return false if token[1]  < 0
-          return false if token[1]  > 7
-          return false if token[2]  < 0
+          return false if token[0] < 2 || token[0] == 3 || token[0]  > 5
+          return false if token[1] < 0 || token[1]  > 7
+          return false if token[2] < 0
           return true
         end
 
         # Get a DSN code value from given string including DSN
         # @param    [String] argv1  String including DSN
         # @param    [String] argv2  An SMTP Reply Code or 2 or 4 or 5
-        # @return   [String, Nil]   An SMTP Status Code
+        # @return   [String]        An SMTP Status Code or an empty string
         def find(argv1 = nil, argv2 = '0')
-          return "" if argv1.to_s.empty?
-          return "" if argv1.size < 7
+          return "" if argv1.to_s.empty? || argv1.size < 7
 
           givenclass = argv2[0, 1]
           eestatuses = if givenclass == '2' || givenclass == '4' || givenclass == '5' 
@@ -856,8 +847,8 @@ module Sisimai
           end
           return statuscode if statuscode == codeinmesg
 
-          zeroindex1 = { 'field' => statuscode.index('.0')   || -1, 'error' => codeinmesg.index('.0')   || -1 }
-          zeroindex2 = { 'field' => statuscode.index('.0.0') || -1, 'error' => codeinmesg.index('.0.0') || -1 }
+          zeroindex1 = {'field' => statuscode.index('.0')   || -1, 'error' => codeinmesg.index('.0')   || -1}
+          zeroindex2 = {'field' => statuscode.index('.0.0') || -1, 'error' => codeinmesg.index('.0.0') || -1}
 
           if zeroindex2['field'] > 0
             # "Status:" field is "X.0.0"
@@ -892,6 +883,14 @@ module Sisimai
           return statuscode
         end
 
+        # is_explicit() returns 0 when the argument is empty or is an internal code
+        # @param    string argv1  Status code
+        # @return   bool          false: The delivery status code is not explicit
+        def is_explicit(argv1 = '')
+          return false if argv1.nil? || argv1.empty?
+          return false if argv1.size == 7 && argv1.start_with?("5.0.9", "4.0.9")
+          return true
+        end
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/sisimai/smtp/transcript.rb

@@ -97,10 +97,8 @@ module Sisimai
             else
               # SMTP server sent a response "<<< response text"
               p = e.index('<<< '); next unless p == 0
+              e = e[4, e.size].sub(/\A<<<[ ]/, '')
 
-              e = e[4, e.size]
-
-              e.sub!(/\A<<<[ ]/, '')
               if cv = e.match(/\A([2-5]\d\d)[ ]/) then cx['response']['reply'] = cv[1] end
               if cv = e.match(/\A[245]\d\d[ ]([245][.]\d{1,3}[.]\d{1,3})[ ]/) then cx['response']['status'] = cv[1] end
               cx['response']['text'] << e
@@ -110,13 +108,6 @@ module Sisimai
           return nil if esmtp.size == 0
           return esmtp
         end
-
-
-
-
-          
-
-
       end
     end
   end

data/lib/sisimai/string.rb

@@ -11,31 +11,26 @@ module Sisimai
       # @param  [String]  addr1 Sender address
       # @param  [String]  addr2 Recipient address
       # @param  [Integer] epoch Machine time of the email bounce
-      # @return [String]        Message token(MD5 hex digest)
-      # @return [String]        Blank/failed to create token
+      # @return [String]        Message token(MD5 hex digest) or blank(failed to create token)
       # @see    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASCII
       def token(addr1, addr2, epoch)
-        return nil unless addr1.is_a?(::String)
-        return nil unless addr2.is_a?(::String)
-        return nil unless epoch.is_a?(Integer)
-        return nil if addr1.empty?
-        return nil if addr2.empty?
+        return "" unless addr1.is_a?(::String)
+        return "" unless addr2.is_a?(::String)
+        return "" unless epoch.is_a?(Integer)
+        return "" if addr1.empty? || addr2.empty?
 
         # Format: STX(0x02) Sender-Address RS(0x1e) Recipient-Address ETX(0x03)
         require 'digest/sha1'
-        return Digest::SHA1.hexdigest(
-          sprintf("\x02%s\x1e%s\x1e%d\x03", addr1.downcase, addr2.downcase, epoch)
-        )
+        return Digest::SHA1.hexdigest(sprintf("\x02%s\x1e%s\x1e%d\x03", addr1.downcase, addr2.downcase, epoch))
       end
 
       # The argument is 8-bit text or not
       # @param    [String] argvs  Any string to be checked
-      # @return   [True,False]    false: ASCII Characters only
-      #                           true:  Including 8-bit character
+      # @return   [Boolean]       false: ASCII Characters only, true: Including 8-bit character
       def is_8bit(argvs)
         v = argvs.to_s
-        return nil  if v.empty?
-        return true unless v =~ /\A[\x00-\x7f]*\z/
+        return false if v.empty?
+        return true  unless v =~ /\A[\x00-\x7f]*\z/
         return false
       end
 
@@ -54,12 +49,12 @@ module Sisimai
       # Check if each element of the 2nd argument is aligned in the 1st argument or not
       # @param    [String] argv1  String to be checked
       # @param    [Array]  argv2  List including the ordered strings
-      # @return   [Bool]          0, 1
+      # @return   [Boolean]
       # @since v5.0.0
       def aligned(argv1, argv2)
-        return nil if argv1.to_s.empty?
-        return nil unless argv2.is_a? Array
-        return nil unless argv2.size > 1
+        return false if argv1.to_s.empty?
+        return false unless argv2.is_a? Array
+        return false unless argv2.size > 1
 
         align = -1
         right =  0
@@ -80,7 +75,7 @@ module Sisimai
       # @param    [Boolean] loose Loose check flag
       # @return   [String]  Plain text
       def to_plain(argv1 = '', loose = false)
-        return nil if argv1.empty?
+        return "" if argv1.empty?
 
         plain = argv1
         if loose || plain =~ Match[:html] || plain =~ Match[:body]
@@ -89,20 +84,15 @@ module Sisimai
           # 3. <a href = 'http://...'>...</a> to " http://... "
           # 4. <a href = 'mailto:...'>...</a> to " Value <mailto:...> "
           plain.scrub!('?')
-          plain.gsub!(%r|<head>.+</head>|im, '')
-          plain.gsub!(%r|<style.+?>.+</style>|im, '')
-          plain.gsub!(%r|<a\s+href\s*=\s*['"](https?://.+?)['"].*?>(.*?)</a>|i, '[\2](\1)')
-          plain.gsub!(%r|<a\s+href\s*=\s*["']mailto:([^\s]+?)["']>(.*?)</a>|i, '[\2](mailto:\1)')
-
+          plain = plain.gsub(%r|<head>.+</head>|im, '')
+          plain = plain.gsub(%r|<style.+?>.+</style>|im, '')
+          plain = plain.gsub(%r|<a\s+href\s*=\s*['"](https?://.+?)['"].*?>(.*?)</a>|i, '[\2](\1)')
+          plain = plain.gsub(%r|<a\s+href\s*=\s*["']mailto:([^\s]+?)["']>(.*?)</a>|i, '[\2](mailto:\1)')
           plain = plain.gsub(/<[^<@>]+?>\s*/, ' ')              # Delete HTML tags except <neko@example.jp>
           plain = plain.gsub(/&lt;/, '<').gsub(/&gt;/, '>')     # Convert to angle brackets
           plain = plain.gsub(/&amp;/, '&').gsub(/&nbsp;/, ' ')  # Convert to "&"
           plain = plain.gsub(/&quot;/, '"').gsub(/&apos;/, "'") # Convert to " and '
-
-          if argv1.size > plain.size
-            plain  = plain.squeeze(' ')
-            plain << "\n"
-          end
+          plain = "#{plain.squeeze(' ')}\n" if argv1.size > plain.size
         end
 
         return plain
@@ -113,7 +103,7 @@ module Sisimai
       # @param    [String] argv2  Encoding name before converting
       # @return   [String]        UTF-8 Encoded string
       def to_utf8(argv1 = '', argv2 = nil)
-        return nil if argv1.empty?
+        return "" if argv1.empty?
 
         encodefrom = argv2 || false
         getencoded = ''

data/lib/sisimai/version.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 # Define the version number of Sisimai
 module Sisimai
-  VERSION = '5.2.1'.freeze
+  VERSION = '5.4.0'.freeze
 end

data/lib/sisimai.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Sisimai is a library that decodes complex and diverse bounce emails and outputs the results of
-# the delivery failure, such as the reason for the bounce and the recipient email address, in
-# structured data. It is also possible to output in JSON format. 
+# Sisimai (pronounced /ɕi.ɕi.ma.i/) is a library that decodes complex and diverse bounce emails and
+# outputs the results of the delivery failure, such as the reason for the bounce and the recipient
+# email address, in structured data. It is also possible to output in JSON format. 
 require 'sisimai/version'
 module Sisimai
   class << self
@@ -30,17 +30,17 @@ module Sisimai
       while r = mail.data.read do
         # Read and decode each email file
         path = mail.data.path
-        args = { data: r, hook: c___[0], origin: path, delivered: argv1[:delivered], vacation: argv1[:vacation] }
+        args = {data: r, hook: c___[0], origin: path, delivered: argv1[:delivered], vacation: argv1[:vacation]}
         fact = Sisimai::Fact.rise(**args) || []
 
         if c___[1]
           # Run the callback function specified with "c___" parameter of Sisimai.rise after reading
           # each email file in Maildir/ every time
-          args = { 'kind' => kind, 'mail' => r, 'path' => path, 'fact' => fact }
+          args = {'kind' => kind, 'mail' => r, 'path' => path, 'fact' => fact}
           begin
             c___[1].call(args) if c___[1].is_a?(Proc)
           rescue StandardError => ce
-            warn ' ***warning: Something is wrong in the second element of the ":c___":' << ce.to_s
+            warn ' ***warning: Something is wrong in the second element of the ":c___":' + ce.to_s
           end
         end
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ module Sisimai
     # @options argv1 [Lambda]  hook      Lambda object to be called back
     # @return        [String]            Decoded data as JSON text
     def dump(argv0, **argv1)
-      return nil unless argv0
+      return "" unless argv0
       nyaan = Sisimai.rise(argv0, **argv1) || []
 
       if RUBY_PLATFORM.start_with?('java')
@@ -81,14 +81,14 @@ module Sisimai
       table = {}
 
       %w[Lhost ARF RFC3464 RFC3834].each do |e|
-        r = 'Sisimai::' << e
+        r = "Sisimai::#{e}"
         require r.gsub('::', '/').downcase
 
         if e == 'Lhost'
           # Sisimai::Lhost::*
           Module.const_get(r).send(:index).each do |ee|
             # Load and get the value of "description" from each module
-            rr = 'Sisimai::' << e + '::' << ee
+            rr = "Sisimai::#{e}::#{ee}"
             require rr.gsub('::', '/').downcase
             table[rr.to_sym] = Module.const_get(rr).send(:description)
           end
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ module Sisimai
       names += %w[Delivered Feedback Undefined Vacation]
       while e = names.shift do
         # Call .description() method of Sisimai::Reason::*
-        r = 'Sisimai::Reason::' << e
+        r = "Sisimai::Reason::#{e}"
         require r.gsub('::', '/').downcase
         table[e.to_sym] = Module.const_get(r).send(:description)
       end
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ module Sisimai
     # @param    [String]    Error message text
     # @return   [String]    Reason text
     def match(argvs = '')
-      return nil if argvs.empty?
+      return "" if argvs.empty?
       require 'sisimai/reason'
       return Sisimai::Reason.match(argvs.downcase)
     end

data/set-of-emails/maildir/bsd/rhost-microsoft-06.eml

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+Return-Path: <>
+Delivered-To: neko@e.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com
+Received: from relay.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com (unknown [192.0.2.25])
+	by ee.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id JFzCqYfyTkzvHbZW
+	for <neko@e.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com>; Sun, 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900 (JST)
+Received: from cat.example.co.jp (ip-192-0-2-225.us-west-1.compute.internal [192.0.2.225])
+	by relay.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com (Postfix) with ESMTPS id D09y2f7PVFzmfJf9
+	for <kijitora@nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com>; Sun, 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900 (JST)
+Message-ID: <20250525222222.00002.nekochan@cat.example.co.jp>
+Date: 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900
+From: MAILER-DAEMON@cat.example.co.jp
+To: kijitora@nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com
+Subject: failure notice
+
+Hi. This is the qmail-send program at cat.example.co.jp.
+I'm afraid I wasn't able to deliver your message to the following addresses.
+This is a permanent error; I've given up. Sorry it didn't work out.
+
+<sabineko@example.onmicrosoft.com>:
+198.51.100.25 failed after I sent the message.
+Remote host said: 550 5.7.515 Access denied, sending domain NYAAAAN.EXAMPLE.JP doesn't meet the required authentication level. The sender's domain in the 5322.From address doesn't meet the authentication requirements defined for the sender. To learn how to fix this see: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/p/?linkid=2319303 Spf= Fail , Dkim= Pass , DMARC= Pass [0000000000000.JPNP255.PROD.OUTLOOK.COM 2025-05-25T22:22:22.000Z 0000000000000EEE] [0000000000000.jpnprd00.prod.outlook.com 2025-05-25T22:22:22.000Z 0000000000000EEE] [0000000000000EE.apcprd00.prod.outlook.com 2025-05-25T22:22:22.000Z 0000000000000EEE]
+
+--- Below this line is a copy of the message.
+
+Return-Path: <kijitora@nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com>
+Received: (qmail 32768 invoked by uid 99); 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900
+Delivered-To: mikeneko@example.org
+Received: (qmail 32767 invoked by uid 99); 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900
+Received: from relay-2.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com (203.0.113.25)
+  by cat.example.co.jp with ESMTPS (AES256-GCM-SHA384 encrypted); 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900
+Received: from relay-1.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com (unknown [192.0.2.254])
+	by relay-2.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com (Postfix) with ESMTP id djK8m53Kqpzf8pK9
+	for <mikeneko@example.org>; Sun, 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900 (JST)
+DKIM-Filter: OpenDKIM Filter v2.11.0 relay-2.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com djK8m53Kqpzf8pK9
+DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com;
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+From: <kijitora@nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com>
+Date: Sun, 25 May 2025 22:22:22 +0900
+Subject: Nyaaaan?
+Message-Id: <5E82FFFE9D95.88616A92ACCB@relay-1.nyaaaan.example.onmicrosoft.com>
+To: <mikeneko@example.org>
+
+Nyaaaan?
+