sinatra-s3 0.98 → 0.99

data/examples/wikicloth/sample_documents/random.wiki

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-<!-- TEST
-
--->----
-
-
-{{ date }}
-
-<ref>test</ref>
-
-<ref name="test">another reference</ref>
-
-<ref name="test" />
-
-<references />
-
-== TEST ==
-
----hello world---
-
-_hello world_
-
-{|
-|+ Hello World
-| ABBA
-| BANK
-|-
-| CAT
-| DOG
-|}
-
-{| style="foo||"
-! x !! 1 !! 2 !! 3
-|-
-! 1
-| style="boo" | 1 || 2 || 3
-|- style="blah"
-! 2
-| 2 || 4 || 6
-|-
-! 3
-| 3 || [ http://www.google.com/ GOOGLE ] || 9
-|-
-! 4
-| 4 || 8 || 12
-|-
-! 5
-| 5 || 10 || 15
-|}
-
-''whats up foo'' or '''maybe''' you just want some of '''''this'''''
-[ http://www.youtube.com/ {{PAGENAME}} ]
-
-<nowiki>hello {{ BOO }} world</nowiki>
-
-{{#if: {{PAGENAME}} | sucka foo | {{ BLA |1=foo|bla}} }}

data/examples/wikicloth/sample_documents/tv.wiki

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-{{refimprove|date=September 2008}}
-{{pp-semi|small=yes}}
-{{otheruses}}
-{{redir|TV}}
-{{Infobox Product
-|title = Television 
-|image = [[Image:Braun HF 1.jpg|Center|180px|]]
-|caption = 
-|inventor = [[John Logie Baird]]
-|launch year = 1928
-|company = 
-|available = Worldwide
-}}
-'''Television''' ('''TV''') is a widely used [[telecommunication]] [[mass-media|medium]] for transmitting and receiving moving [[images]], either [[monochrome|monochromatic]] ("black and white") or [[color]], usually accompanied by [[sound]]. "Television" may also refer specifically to a [[television set]], [[television program]]ming or [[Transmission (telecommunications)|television transmission]]. The word is derived from mixed [[Latin]] and [[Greek language|Greek]] roots, meaning "far sight": Greek ''tele'' ({{polytonic|τ{{Unicode|ῆ}}λε}}), far, and Latin ''visio'', sight (from ''video, vis-'' to see, or to view in the first person).
-
-[[History of television#Broadcast television|Commercially available since the late 1930s]], the television set has become a common communications receiver in homes, businesses and institutions, particularly as a source of [[entertainment]] and news. Since the 1970s the availability of [[Videotape|video cassettes]], [[laserdiscs]], [[DVD-Video|DVDs]] and now [[Blu-ray]] discs, have resulted in the television set frequently being used for viewing recorded as well as broadcast material.
-
-Although other forms such as [[closed-circuit television]] are in use, the most common usage of the medium is for [[broadcast television]], which was modeled on the existing [[radio broadcasting]] systems developed in the 1920s, and uses high-powered radio-frequency transmitters to [[broadcasting|broadcast]] the television signal to individual TV receivers. 
-
-Broadcast TV is typically disseminated via [[radio]] transmissions in the 7-1000 [[megahertz]]-range of the [[FM radio|FM]] frequency band<ref>[http://www.csgnetwork.com/tvfreqtable.html]</ref>. Signals are now often transmitted with [[stereo]] and/or [[surround sound]] in many countries. Until the 2000s broadcast TV programs were generally recorded and transmitted as an [[analog recording|analog]] signal, but in recent years public and commercial broadcasters have been progressively introducing [[digital television]] broadcasting technology.
-
-A standard television set comprises multiple internal [[electronic circuit]]s, including those for [[Tuner (electronics)|receiving]] and decoding [[broadcast]] [[signals]]. A visual [[display device]] which lacks a tuner is properly called a [[video monitor|monitor]], rather than a television. A television system may use different technical standards such as [[digital television]] (DTV) and [[high-definition television]] (HDTV). Television systems are also used for surveillance, industrial process control, and guiding of weapons, in places where direct observation is difficult or dangerous. 
-
-[[Amateur television]] (HAM TV or ATV) is also used for experimentation, pleasure and public service events by [[amateur radio]] operators. HAM TV stations were on the air in many cities before commercial TV stations came on the air - 
-see http://www.earlytelevision.org/1940_home_camera.html for more info.
-
-==History==
-{{main|History of television}}
-[[File:Bbc broadcasting house front.jpg|thumb|right|[[BBC Broadcasting House]]. The [[BBC]] is the largest and oldest broadcaster in the world.<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC website: ''About the BBC - What is the BBC'' |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/info/purpose/what.shtml |accessdate=2008-06-14}}</ref>]]
-
-In its early stages of development, television employed a combination of [[optics|optical]], mechanical and [[electronics|electronic]] technologies to capture, transmit and display a visual image. By the late 1920s, however, those employing only optical and electronic technologies were being explored. All modern television systems rely on the latter, although the knowledge gained from the work on mechanical-dependent systems was crucial in the development of fully electronic television.
-
-The first time images were transmitted electrically were via early mechanical [[Fax#History|fax]] machines, including the [[pantelegraph]], developed in the late 1800s. The concept of electrically-powered transmission of television images in motion, was first sketched in 1878 as the [[telephonoscope]], shortly after the invention of the [[telephone]]. At the time, it was imagined by early science fiction authors, that someday that [[light]] could be transmitted over wires, as sounds were.{{fact|date=January 2009}} 
-
-The idea of using [[scanning]] to transmit images was put to actual practical use in 1881 in the pantelegraph, through the use of a [[pendulum]]-based scanning mechanism. From this period forward, scanning in one form or another, has been used in nearly every image transmission technology to date, including television. This is the concept of "[[rasterization]]", the process of converting a visual image into a stream of electrical pulses.{{fact|date=January 2009}}
-
-In 1884 [[Paul Gottlieb Nipkow]], a 20-year old university student in Germany, patented the first electromechanical television system which employed a [[Nipkow disk|scanning disk]], a spinning disk with a series of holes spiraling toward the center, for rasterization. The holes were spaced at equal [[angle|angular]] intervals such that in a single rotation the disk would allow light to pass through each hole and onto a light-sensitive [[selenium]] sensor which produced the electrical pulses. As an image was focused on the rotating disk, each hole captured a horizontal "slice" of the whole image, in a scanning fashion.{{fact|date=January 2009}}
-
-Nipkow's design would not be practical until advances in [[amplifier]] [[vacuum tube|tube]] technology became available in 1907. Even then the device was only useful for transmitting still "[[halftone]]" images - represented by equally spaced dots of varying size - over telegraph or telephone lines. Later designs would use a rotating mirror-drum scanner to capture the image and a [[cathode ray tube]] (CRT) as a display device, but moving images were still not possible, due to the poor sensitivity of the [[selenium]] sensors.{{fact|date=January 2009}}
-
-Scottish inventor [[John Logie Baird]] demonstrated the transmission of moving silhouette images in [[London]] in 1925, and of moving, [[monochrome|monochromatic]] images in 1926. Baird's scanning disk produced an image of 30 lines resolution, just enough to discern a human face, from a double spiral of [[lense]]s.{{fact|date=January 2009}}. Remarkably, in 1927 Baird also invented the world's first [[video recording]] system, "Phonovision" -- by modulating the output signal of his TV camera down to the audio range he was able to capture the signal on a 10-inch wax audio disc using conventional audio recording technology. A handful of Baird's 'Phonovision' recordings survive and these were finally decoded and rendered into viewable images in the 1990s using modern digital signal-processing technology<ref>[http://www.tvdawn.com/ World's First TV Recordings]</ref>.
-
-In 1926, [[Hungary|Hungarian]] engineer [[Kálmán Tihanyi]] invented the entirely electronic camera tube and entirely electronic display and the transmitting and receiving system.<ref>{{cite web | title = Hungary - [[Kálmán Tihanyi|Kálmán Tihanyi's]] 1926 Patent Application 'Radioskop' | work = Memory of the World | publisher = [[UNESCO|United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)]] | url = http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=23240&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html| accessdate = 2008-02-22}}</ref><ref name=US2133123>United States Patent Office, Patent No. 2,133,123, Oct. 11, 1938.</ref><ref name=US2158259>United States Patent Office, Patent No. 2,158,259, May 16, 1939</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bairdtelevision.com/zworykin.html |title=Vladimir Kosma Zworykin, 1889-1982 |publisher=Bairdtelevision.com |date= |accessdate=2009-04-17}}</ref>
-
-By 1927, Russian inventor [[Léon Theremin]] developed a mirror drum-based television system which used [[interlacing]] to achieve an image resolution of 100 lines.{{fact|date=January 2009}}
-
-Also in 1927, [[Herbert E. Ives]] of [[Bell Labs]] transmitted moving images from a 50-[[aperture]] disk producing 16 frames per minute over a [[cable]] from [[Washington, DC]] to [[New York City]], and via [[radio]] from [[Whippany, New Jersey]]. Ives used viewing screens as large as 24 by 30 inches (60 by 75 [[centimeter]]s). His subjects included Secretary of Commerce [[Herbert Hoover]].{{fact|date=January 2009}}
-
-In 1928, [[Philo Farnsworth]] made the world's first working television system with electronic scanning of both the pickup and display devices, which he first demonstrated to news media on 1 September 1928, televising a motion picture film.{{fact|date=January 2009}}
-
-The first practical use of television was in Germany. Regular television broadcasts began in Germany in 1929 and in 1936 the [[Olympic]] games in Berlin were broadcast to television stations in Berlin and Leipzig where the public could view the games live.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tvhistory.tv |title=TV History |publisher=Gadgetrepublic |date=2009-05-01 |accessdate=2009-05-01}}</ref>
-
-In 1936, [[Kálmán Tihanyi]] described the principle of [[Plasma display|Plasma Television]], the first flat panel.<ref>http://ewh.ieee.org/r2/johnstown/downloads/20090217_IEEE_JST_Trivia_Answers.pdf</ref> <ref>http://www.scitech.mtesz.hu/52tihanyi/flat-panel_tv_en.pdf</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gadgetrepublic.com/news/item/202/ |title=Gadget News and Reviews - News - Item |publisher=Gadgetrepublic |date=2009-01-26 |accessdate=2009-04-17}}</ref>
-
-==Geographical usage==
-[[Image:TV-introduction-world-map.svg|350px|thumb|Television introduction by country
-{{legend|#ff0000|1930 to 1939}}
-{{legend|#ff5400|1940 to 1949}}
-{{legend|#ffa800|1950 to 1959}}
-{{legend|#ffff00|1960 to 1969}}
-{{legend|#a8ff00|1970 to 1979}}
-{{legend|#54ff00|1980 to 1989}}
-{{legend|#00ff00|1990 to 1999}}
-{{legend|Grey|No data}}
-]]
-{{main|Geographical usage of television}}
-*[[Timeline of the introduction of television in countries]]
-
-==Content==
-===Programming===
-{{seealso|Category:Television genres}}
-Getting TV programming shown to the public can happen in many different ways. After production the next step is to market and deliver the product to whatever markets are open to using it. This typically happens on two levels:
-
-#'''Original Run''' or '''First Run''' – a producer creates a program of one or multiple episodes and shows it on a station or network which has either paid for the production itself or to which a license has been granted by the producers to do the same.
-#'''[[Television syndication|Syndication]]''' – this is the terminology rather broadly used to describe secondary programming usages (beyond original run). It includes secondary runs in the country of first issue, but also international usage which may or may not be managed by the originating producer. In many cases other companies, [[TV stations]] or individuals are engaged to do the syndication work, in other words to sell the product into the markets they are allowed to sell into by contract from the copyright holders, in most cases the producers.
-
-First run programming is increasing on subscription services outside the U.S., but few domestically produced programs are syndicated on domestic [[Free-to-air|FTA]] elsewhere. This practice is increasing however, generally on digital-only FTA channels, or with subscriber-only first run material appearing on FTA.
-
-Unlike the U.S., repeat FTA screenings of a FTA network program almost only occur on that network. Also, [[Affiliate]]s rarely buy or produce non-network programming that is not centred around local events.
-
-===Funding===
-{{globalize|section}}
-[[Image:TV users.svg|thumb|400px|right|Television sets per 1000 people of the world {{legend|#10547C|1000+}}
-{{legend|#1674AB|500-1000}}
-{{legend|#1B8BCF|300-500}}
-{{legend|#3CA6E6|200-300}}
-{{legend|#70BEED|100-200}}
-{{legend|#9DD2F2|50-100}}
-{{legend|#CCE8F9|0-50}}
-{{legend|Grey|No data}}]]
-
-Around the globe, broadcast television is financed by either government, advertising, licensing (a form of tax), subscription or any combination of these. To protect revenues, subscription TV channels are usually encrypted to ensure that only subscription payers receive the decryption codes to see the signal. Non-encrypted channels are known as '''Free to Air''' or '''FTA'''. 
-
-====Advertising====
-Television's broad reach makes it a powerful and attractive medium for [[advertiser]]s. Many television networks and stations sell blocks of broadcast time to advertisers ("sponsors") in order to fund their programming.
-
-=====United States=====
-Since inception in the U.S. in 1940, [[television commercial|TV commercials]] have become one of the most effective, persuasive, and popular method of selling products of many sorts, especially consumer goods. U.S. [[advertising]] rates are determined primarily by [[Nielsen Ratings]]. The time of the day and popularity of the channel determine how much a television commercial can cost. For example, the highly popular [[American Idol]] can cost approximately $750,000 for a thirty second block of commercial time; while the same amount of time for the [[FIFA World Cup|World Cup]] and the [[Super Bowl]] can cost several million dollars.
-
-In recent years, the paid program or [[infomercial]] has become common, usually in lengths of 30 minutes or one hour. Some drug companies and other businesses have even created "news" items for broadcast, known in the industry as [[video news release]]s, paying [[program director]]s to use them.<ref>[[Jon Stewart]] of "[[The Daily Show]]" was mock-outraged at this, saying, "That's what we do!", and calling it a new form of television, "infoganda".</ref>
-
-Some TV programs also weave advertisements into their shows, a practice begun in film and known as [[product placement]]. For example, a character could be drinking a certain kind of soda, going to a particular chain restaurant, or driving a certain make of car. (This is sometimes very subtle, where shows have vehicles provided by manufacturers for low cost, rather than wrangling them.) Sometimes a specific brand or trade mark, or music from a certain artist or group, is used. (This excludes guest appearances by artists, who perform on the show.)
-
-=====United Kingdom=====
-The TV regulator oversees TV advertising in the United Kingdom. Its restrictions have applied since the early days of commercially funded TV. Despite this, an early TV mogul, [[Lew Grade]], likened the broadcasting licence as being a "licence to print money". Restrictions mean that the big three national commercial TV channels: [[ITV]], [[Channel 4]], and [[Five (TV channel)|Five]] can show an average of only seven minutes of advertising per hour (eight minutes in the peak period). Other broadcasters must average no more than nine minutes (twelve in the peak). This means that many imported TV shows from the US have unnatural breaks where the UK company has edited out the breaks intended for US advertising. Advertisements must not be inserted in the course of certain specific proscribed types of programs which last less than half an hour in scheduled duration, this list includes any news or current affairs program, documentaries, and programs for children. Nor may advertisements be carried in a program designed and broadcast for reception in schools or in any religious service or other devotional program, or during a formal Royal ceremony or occasion. There also must be clear demarcations in time between the programs and the advertisements. 
-
-The [[BBC]], being strictly non-commercial is not allowed to show advertisements on television in the UK, although it has many advertising-funded channels abroad. The majority of its budget comes from TV licencing (see below) and the sale of content to other broadcasters.
-
-====Taxation or license====
-Television services in some countries may be funded by a [[television licence]], a form of taxation which means advertising plays a lesser role or no role at all. For example, some channels may carry no advertising at all and some very little, including: 
-* [[Australia]] ([[Australian Broadcasting Corporation|ABC]])
-* [[Norway]] ([[NRK]])
-* [[Sweden]] ([[Sveriges Television|SVT]])
-* [[United Kingdom]] ([[BBC]])
-
-The [[BBC]] carries no advertising on its UK channels and is funded by an annual licence paid by all households owning a television. This licence fee is set by government, but the BBC is not answerable to or controlled by government and is therefore genuinely independent.
-
-The two main BBC TV channels are watched by almost 90 percent of the population each week and overall have 27 per cent share of total viewing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.barb.co.uk/viewingsummary/weekreports.cfm?report=multichannel&requesttimeout=500&flag=viewingsummary |title=viewing statistics in UK |publisher=Barb.co.uk |date= |accessdate=2009-04-17}}</ref>  This in spite of the fact that 85% of homes are multichannel, with 42% of these having access to 200 free to air channels via satellite and another 43% having access to 30 or more channels via [[Freeview (United Kingdom)|Freeview]].<ref>[http://www.ofcom.org.uk/research/tv/reports/dtv/dtv_2007_q3/dtvq307.pdf OFCOM quarterly survey]</ref> The licence that funds the seven advertising-free BBC TV channels currently costs £139.50 a year (about US$215) irrespective of the number of TV sets owned. When the same sporting event has been presented on both BBC and commercial channels, the BBC always attracts the lion's share of the audience, indicating viewers prefer to watch TV uninterrupted by advertising.  
-
-The [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] (ABC) carries no advertising (except for the ABC Shop) as it is banned under law [http://www.comlaw.gov.au/ComLaw/Legislation/ActCompilation1.nsf/all/search/8B104AA963F8AB9FCA25718D002260DC ABC Act 1983]. The ABC receives its funding from the Australian Government every three years. In the 2006/07 Federal Budget the ABC received Au$822.67 Million<ref>http://www.abc.net.au/corp/pubs/documents/budget2006-07.pdf</ref>  this covers most of the ABC funding commitments and, as with the BBC, also funds radio channels, transmitters and the ABC web sites. The ABC also receives funds from its many ABC Shops across Australia.
-
-In [[France]] government-funded channels do carry advertisements yet those who own television sets have to pay an annual tax ("la redevance audiovisuelle").<ref>[http://www.minefi.gouv.fr/paca/minefi_relais_sociaux/impots/fiche21.html Ministry of Finance]</ref>
-
-====Subscription====
-Some TV channels are partly funded from subscriptions and therefore the signals are encrypted during broadcast to ensure that only paying subscribers have access to the decryption codes. Most subscription services are also funded by advertising.
-
-===Genres===
-Television [[genre]]s include a broad range of programming types that entertain, inform, and educate viewers. The most expensive entertainment genres to produce are usually drama and dramatic miniseries. However, other genres, such as historical Western genres, may also have high production costs. 
-
-Popular entertainment genres include action-oriented shows such as police, crime, detective dramas, horror, or thriller shows. As well, there are also other variants of the drama genre, such as medical dramas and daytime soap operas. Science fiction shows can fall into either the drama or action category, depending on whether they emphasize philosophical questions or high adventure. Comedy is a popular genre which includes [[situation comedy]] (sitcom) and animated shows for the adult demographic such as ''[[Family Guy]]''.
-
-The least expensive forms of entertainment programming are game shows, talk shows, variety shows, and reality TV. Game shows show contestants answering questions and solving puzzles to win prizes. Talk shows feature interviews with film, television and music celebrities and public figures. Variety shows feature a range of musical performers and other entertainers such as comedians and magicians introduced by a host or Master of Ceremonies. There is some crossover between some talk shows and variety shows, because leading talk shows often feature performances by bands, singers, comedians, and other performers in between the interview segments. 
-''Reality TV'' shows "regular" people (''i.e.'', not [[actors]]) who are facing unusual challenges or experiences, ranging from arrest by police officers (''[[COPS]]'') to weight loss (''[[The Biggest Loser]]''). A variant version of reality shows depicts celebrities doing mundane activities such as going about their everyday life (''[[Snoop Dogg's Father Hood]]'') or doing manual labour (''[[Simple Life]]'').
-
-==Social aspects==
-{{main|Social aspects of television}}
-Television has played a pivotal role in the socialization of the 20th and 21st centuries. There are many [[social aspects of television]] that can be addressed, including:
-<div style="-moz-column-count:4; column-count:4;">
-*[[Social aspects of television#Alleged dangers|Alleged dangers]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Educational advantages|Educational advantages]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Gender and television|Gender and television]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Negative effects|Negative effects]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Politics and television|Politics and television]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Positive effects|Positive effects]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Propaganda delivery|Propaganda delivery]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Socializing children|Socializing children]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Suitability for audience|Suitability for audience]]
-*[[Social aspects of television#Technology trends|Technology trends]]
-</div>
-
-==Environmental aspects==
-[[Image:2005 Austria 25 Euro 50 Years Television back.jpg|upright|thumb|[[Euro gold and silver commemorative coins (Austria)#2005 coinage|The 50 years of Television commemorative coin]]]]
-With high [[lead]] content in [[cathode ray tube|CRTs]], and the rapid diffusion of new, flat-panel display technologies, some of which ([[LCD]]s) use lamps containing [[mercury (element)|mercury]], there is growing concern about [[electronic waste]] from discarded televisions. Related [[occupational health]] concerns exist, as well, for disassemblers removing copper wiring and other materials from CRTs. Further environmental concerns related to television design and use relate to the devices' increasing [[electrical energy]] requirements.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/uploads/documents/aboutest/Riseofthemachines.pdf |publisher=Energy Saving Trust |title=The Rise of the Machines: A Review of Energy Using Products in the Home from the 1970s to Today |date=July 3, 2006 |format=PDF |accessdate=2007-08-31}}</ref>
-
-==In numismatics==
-Television has had such an impact in today's life, that it has been the main motif for numerous collectors' coins and medals. One of the most recent ones is the [[Euro gold and silver commemorative coins (Austria)#2005 coinage|Austrian 50 years of Television commemorative coin]] minted in March 9, 2005. The obverse of the coin shows a "test pattern", while the reverse shows several milestones in the history of television.
-
-==References==
-{{reflist|2}}
-<references />
-
-==See also==
-{{Portal|Television|Television icon.png}}
-* [[Broadcast-safe]]
-* [[Handheld television]]
-* [[How television works]]
-* [[Information-action ratio]]
-* [[Internet television]]
-* [[List of countries by number of television broadcast stations]]
-* [[List of television manufacturers]]
-* [[List of years in television]]
-* [[Media psychology]]
-* [[Technology of television]]
-
-==Further reading==
-* Albert Abramson, ''The History of Television, 1942 to 2000'', Jefferson, NC, and London, McFarland, 2003, ISBN 0786412208.
-* [[Pierre Bourdieu]], ''On Television'', The New Press, 2001.
-* Tim Brooks and Earle March, ''The Complete Guide to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows'', 8th ed., Ballantine, 2002.
-* [[Jacques Derrida]] and [[Bernard Stiegler]], ''Echographies of Television'', Polity Press, 2002.
-* David E. Fisher and Marshall J. Fisher, ''Tube: the Invention of Television'', Counterpoint, Washington, DC, 1996, ISBN 1887178171.
-* [[Steven Berlin Johnson|Steven Johnson]], ''Everything Bad is Good for You: How Today's Popular Culture Is Actually Making Us Smarter'', New York, Riverhead (Penguin), 2005, 2006, ISBN 1594481946. 
-* [[Jerry Mander]], ''Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television'', Perennial, 1978.
-* Jerry Mander, ''In the Absence of the Sacred'', Sierra Club Books, 1992, ISBN 0871565099.
-* [[Neil Postman]], ''[[Amusing Ourselves to Death]]: Public Discourse in the Age of Show Business'', New York, Penguin US, 1985, ISBN 0670804541.
-* Evan I. Schwartz, ''The Last Lone Inventor: A Tale of Genius, Deceit, and the Birth of Television'', New York, Harper Paperbacks, 2003, ISBN 0060935596.
-* Beretta E. Smith-Shomade, ''Shaded Lives: African-American Women and Television'', Rutgers University Press, 2002.
-* Alan Taylor, ''We, the Media: Pedagogic Intrusions into US Mainstream Film and Television News Broadcasting Rhetoric'', Peter Lang, 2005, ISBN 3631518528.
-
-==External links==
-{{sisterlinks}}
-* [http://www.sciencetech.technomuses.ca/english/collection/television.cfm A History of Television] at the [[Canada Science and Technology Museum]]
-* [http://www.museum.tv/archives/etv/index.html The Encyclopedia of Television] at the [[Museum of Broadcast Communications]]
-* [http://www.nhk.or.jp/strl/aboutstrl/evolution-of-tv-en/index-e.html The Evolution of TV, A Brief History of TV Technology in Japan] [[NHK]]
-* [http://www.tvhistory.tv/ Television's History — The First 75 Years]
-* [http://radiostationworld.com/directory/television_standards/default.asp Worldwide Television Standards]
-
-{{Video formats}}
-
-[[Category:Television| ]]
-[[Category:Video hardware]]
-[[Category:Media formats]]
-[[Category:Performing arts]]
-[[Category:Scottish inventions]]
-
-[[af:Televisie]]
-[[am:ቴሌቪዥን]]
-[[ang:Feorrsīen]]
-[[ar:تلفاز]]
-[[ast:Televisión]]
-[[gn:Ta'angambyry]]
-[[az:تلویزیون]]
-[[zh-min-nan:Tiān-sī]]
-[[map-bms:Televisi]]
-[[be:Тэлебачанне]]
-[[be-x-old:Тэлебачаньне]]
-[[bs:Televizija]]
-[[br:Skinwel]]
-[[bg:Телевизия]]
-[[ca:Televisió]]
-[[cs:Televizor]]
-[[cy:Teledu]]
-[[da:Tv]]
-[[pdc:Guckbax]]
-[[de:Fernsehen]]
-[[et:Televisioon]]
-[[el:Τηλεόραση]]
-[[eml:Televisiån]]
-[[es:Televisión]]
-[[eo:Televido]]
-[[eu:Telebista]]
-[[fa:تلویزیون]]
-[[fr:Télévision]]
-[[fy:Televyzje]]
-[[ga:Teilifís]]
-[[gd:Telebhisean]]
-[[gl:Televisión]]
-[[ki:Terebiceni]]
-[[hak:Thien-sṳ]]
-[[ko:텔레비전]]
-[[hy:Հեռատեսիլ]]
-[[hi:दूरदर्शन]]
-[[hr:Televizija]]
-[[io:Televiziono]]
-[[id:Televisi]]
-[[ia:Television]]
-[[is:Sjónvarp]]
-[[it:Televisione]]
-[[he:טלוויזיה]]
-[[kn:ದೂರದರ್ಶನ]]
-[[ka:ტელევიზია]]
-[[ky:Телекөрсөтүү]]
-[[sw:Televisheni]]
-[[ku:Televîzyon]]
-[[lad:Television]]
-[[la:Televisio]]
-[[lv:Televīzija]]
-[[lb:Televisioun]]
-[[lt:Televizija]]
-[[hu:Televízió]]
-[[mk:Телевизија]]
-[[ml:ടെലിവിഷന്‍]]
-[[mr:दूरचित्रवाणी]]
-[[arz:تليفزيون]]
-[[ms:Televisyen]]
-[[nl:Televisie]]
-[[nds-nl:Tillevisie]]
-[[ne:टेलिभिजन]]
-[[ja:テレビ]]
-[[no:Fjernsyn]]
-[[nn:Fjernsyn]]
-[[nrm:Télévision]]
-[[nov:Televisione]]
-[[oc:Television]]
-[[uz:Televideniye]]
-[[nds:Feernseher]]
-[[pl:Telewizja]]
-[[pt:Televisão]]
-[[ro:Televiziune]]
-[[qu:Ñawikaruy]]
-[[ru:Телевидение]]
-[[sm:Televise]]
-[[sa:दूरदर्शन]]
-[[sco:Televeesion]]
-[[sq:Televizioni]]
-[[scn:Televisioni]]
-[[si:රූපවාහිනිය]]
-[[simple:Television]]
-[[sk:Televízia]]
-[[sl:Televizija]]
-[[sr:Телевизија]]
-[[su:Televisi]]
-[[fi:Televisio]]
-[[sv:Television]]
-[[tl:Telebisyon]]
-[[ta:தொலைக்காட்சி]]
-[[kab:Tiliẓri]]
-[[te:దూరదర్శిని]]
-[[th:โทรทัศน์]]
-[[tr:Televizyon]]
-[[uk:Телебачення]]
-[[ur:بعید نُما]]
-[[vec:Tełevixion]]
-[[vi:Truyền hình]]
-[[fiu-vro:Televis'uun]]
-[[wa:Televuzion]]
-[[war:Telebisyon]]
-[[wuu:电视机]]
-[[yi:טעלעוויזיע]]
-[[zh-yue:電視]]
-[[diq:Televizyon]]
-[[bat-smg:Televėzėjė]]
-[[zh:电视]]

data/examples/wikicloth/sample_documents/wiki_tables.wiki

@@ -1,410 +0,0 @@
-'''Tables''' may be authored in wiki pages using either XHTML table elements directly, or using wikicode formatting to define the table. XHTML table elements and their use are well described on various web pages and will not be discussed here. The benefit of wikicode is that the table is constructed of character symbols which tend to make it easier to perceive the table structure in the article editing view compared to XHTML table elements.
-
-As a general rule, it is best to avoid using a table unless you need one. Table markup often complicates page editing.
-
-== Wiki table markup summary ==
-{|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" border="1" width="60%"
-|
- <nowiki>{|</nowiki>
-| '''table start'''
-|-
-|
- <nowiki>|+</nowiki>
-| table '''caption,''' ''optional;'' only between '''table start''' and first '''table row'''
-|-
-|
- <nowiki>|-</nowiki>
-| '''table row,''' ''optional on first row'' -- wiki engine assumes the first row
-|-
-|
- <nowiki>!</nowiki> 
-| '''table header''' cell, ''optional.'' Consecutive '''table header''' cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (<code>!!</code>) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (<code>!</code>).
-|- 
-|
- <nowiki>|</nowiki>
-| '''table data''' cell, ''required!'' Consecutive '''table data''' cells may be added on same line separated by double marks (<code><nowiki>||</nowiki></code>) or start on new lines, each with its own single mark (<code><nowiki>|</nowiki></code>).
-|-
-|
- <nowiki>|}</nowiki>
-| '''table end''' 
-|}
-*The above marks must '''start on a new line''' except the double <code>||</code> and <code>!!</code> for optionally adding consecutive cells to a line. However, blank spaces at the beginning of a line are ignored.
-*'''XHTML attributes.''' Each mark, except table end, optionally accepts one or more XHTML attributes. Attributes must be on the same line as the mark. Separate attributes from each other with a single space. 
-**Cells and caption (<code>|</code> or <code>||</code>, <code>!</code> or <code>!!</code>, and <code>|+</code>) hold content. So separate any attributes from content with a single pipe (<code>|</code>). Cell content may follow on same line or on following lines.
-**Table and row marks (<code>{|</code> and <code>|-</code>) do not directly hold content. Do ''not'' add pipe (<code>|</code>) after their optional attributes. If you erroneously add a pipe after attributes for the table mark or row mark the parser will delete it ''and'' your final attribute if it was touching the erroneous pipe!
-*'''Content''' may (a) follow its cell mark on the same line after any optional XHTML attributes or (b) on lines below the cell mark. Content that uses wiki markup that itself needs to start on a new line, such as lists, headings, or nested tables, must be on its own new line.
-
-==Basics==
-The following table lacks borders and good spacing but shows the simplest wiki markup table structure.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{|
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{|
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-|}
-
-The cells in the same row can be listed on one line separated by <code>||</code>.
-
-Extra spaces within cells in the wiki markup, as in the wiki markup below, do not affect the actual table rendering.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{|
-|  Orange    ||   Apple   ||   more
-|-
-|   Bread    ||   Pie     ||   more
-|-
-|   Butter   || Ice cream ||  and more
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{|
-|  Orange    ||   Apple   ||   more
-|-
-|   Bread    ||   Pie     ||   more
-|-
-|   Butter   || Ice cream ||  and more
-|}
-|}
-
-=== Table headers ===
-Table headers can be created by using "<code>!</code>" instead of "<code>|</code>". Headers usually show up bold and centered by default.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{|
-! Item
-! Amount
-! Cost
-|-
-|Orange
-|10
-|7.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|4
-|3.00
-|-
-|Butter
-|1
-|5.00
-|-
-!Total
-|
-|15.00
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{|
-! Item
-! Amount
-! Cost
-|-
-|Orange
-|10
-|7.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|4
-|3.00
-|-
-|Butter
-|1
-|5.00
-|-
-!Total
-|
-|15.00
-|}
-|}
-
-===Caption===
-A '''table caption''' can be added to the top of any table as follows.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{|
-|+Food complements
-|-
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{|
-|+ Food complements
-|-
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-|}
-
-== XHTML attributes ==
-You can add XHTML attributes to tables. For the authoriative source on these, see [http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/struct/tables.html the W3C's HTML 4.01 Specification page on tables].
-
-=== Attributes on tables ===
-Placing attributes after the table start tag (<code>{|</code>) applies attributes to the entire table.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{| border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|12,333.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|500.00
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream
-|1.00
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{| border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|12,333.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|500.00
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream
-|1.00
-|}
-|}
-
-=== Attributes on cells ===
-You can put attributes on individual '''cells'''. For example, numbers may look better aligned right.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{| border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|align="right" | 12,333.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|align="right" | 500.00
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream
-|align="right" | 1.00
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{| border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|align="right"|12,333.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|align="right"|500.00
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream
-|align="right"|1.00
-|}
-|}
-
-You can also use '''cell''' attributes when you are listing multiple '''cells''' on a single line. Note that the '''cells''' are separated by <code>||</code>, and within each '''cell''' the attribute(s) and value are separated by <code>|</code>.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{| border="1"
-| Orange || Apple     || align="right" | 12,333.00
-|-
-| Bread  || Pie       || align="right" | 500.00
-|-
-| Butter || Ice cream || align="right" | 1.00
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{| border="1"
-| Orange || Apple     || align="right" | 12,333.00
-|-
-| Bread  || Pie       || align="right" | 500.00
-|-
-| Butter || Ice cream || align="right" | 1.00
-|}
-|}
-
-===Attributes on rows===
-You can put attributes on individual '''rows''', too.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre>
-{| border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|align="right"|12,333.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|align="right"|500.00
-|- style="font-style:italic; color:green;"
-|Butter
-|Ice cream
-|align="right"|1.00
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{| border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|align="right"|12,333.00
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|align="right"|500.00
-|- style="font-style:italic; color:green;"
-|Butter
-|Ice cream
-|align="right"|1.00
-|}
-|}
-
-===With HTML attributes and CSS styles===
-CSS style attributes can be added with or without other HTML attributes.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre style="white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-all;">
-{| style="color:green; background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{| style="color:green; background-color:#ffffcc;" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0" border="1"
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-|}
-
-'''Attributes''' can be added to the caption and headers as follows.
-
-{| cellspacing="0" border="1"
-!style="width:50%"|You type
-!style="width:50%"|You get
-|-
-|
-<pre style="white-space:-moz-pre-wrap; white-space:-pre-wrap; white-space:-o-pre-wrap; white-space:pre-wrap; word-wrap:break-word; word-break:break-all;">
-{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
-|+ align="bottom" style="color:#e76700;" |''Food complements''
-|-
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-</pre>
-|
-{| border="1" cellpadding="20" cellspacing="0"
-|+ align="bottom" style="color:#e76700;" |''Food complements''
-|-
-|Orange
-|Apple
-|-
-|Bread
-|Pie
-|-
-|Butter
-|Ice cream 
-|}
-|}
-
-==Caveats==
-===Negative numbers===
-If you start a cell on a new line with a negative number with a minus sign (or a parameter that evaluates to a negative number), your table can get broken, because the characters <code>|-</code> will be parsed as the wiki markup for table row, not table cell. To avoid this, insert a space before the value (<code>| -6</code>) or use in-line cell markup (<code>|| -6</code>).
-===CSS vs Attributes===
-Table borders specified through CSS rather then the border attribute will render incorrectly in a small subset of text browsers.
-