seven-zip 1.4.0

data/ext/p7zip/C/Ppmd8.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1120 @@
+/* Ppmd8.c -- PPMdI codec
+2010-03-24 : Igor Pavlov : Public domain
+This code is based on PPMd var.I (2002): Dmitry Shkarin : Public domain */
+
+#include <memory.h>
+
+#include "Ppmd8.h"
+
+const Byte PPMD8_kExpEscape[16] = { 25, 14, 9, 7, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 2, 2, 2, 2 };
+static const UInt16 kInitBinEsc[] = { 0x3CDD, 0x1F3F, 0x59BF, 0x48F3, 0x64A1, 0x5ABC, 0x6632, 0x6051};
+
+#define MAX_FREQ 124
+#define UNIT_SIZE 12
+
+#define U2B(nu) ((UInt32)(nu) * UNIT_SIZE)
+#define U2I(nu) (p->Units2Indx[(nu) - 1])
+#define I2U(indx) (p->Indx2Units[indx])
+
+#ifdef PPMD_32BIT
+  #define REF(ptr) (ptr)
+#else
+  #define REF(ptr) ((UInt32)((Byte *)(ptr) - (p)->Base))
+#endif
+
+#define STATS_REF(ptr) ((CPpmd_State_Ref)REF(ptr))
+
+#define CTX(ref) ((CPpmd8_Context *)Ppmd8_GetContext(p, ref))
+#define STATS(ctx) Ppmd8_GetStats(p, ctx)
+#define ONE_STATE(ctx) Ppmd8Context_OneState(ctx)
+#define SUFFIX(ctx) CTX((ctx)->Suffix)
+
+typedef CPpmd8_Context * CTX_PTR;
+
+struct CPpmd8_Node_;
+
+typedef
+  #ifdef PPMD_32BIT
+    struct CPpmd8_Node_ *
+  #else
+    UInt32
+  #endif
+  CPpmd8_Node_Ref;
+
+typedef struct CPpmd8_Node_
+{
+  UInt32 Stamp;
+  CPpmd8_Node_Ref Next;
+  UInt32 NU;
+} CPpmd8_Node;
+
+#ifdef PPMD_32BIT
+  #define NODE(ptr) (ptr)
+#else
+  #define NODE(offs) ((CPpmd8_Node *)(p->Base + (offs)))
+#endif
+
+#define EMPTY_NODE 0xFFFFFFFF
+
+void Ppmd8_Construct(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  unsigned i, k, m;
+
+  p->Base = 0;
+
+  for (i = 0, k = 0; i < PPMD_NUM_INDEXES; i++)
+  {
+    unsigned step = (i >= 12 ? 4 : (i >> 2) + 1);
+    do { p->Units2Indx[k++] = (Byte)i; } while(--step);
+    p->Indx2Units[i] = (Byte)k;
+  }
+
+  p->NS2BSIndx[0] = (0 << 1);
+  p->NS2BSIndx[1] = (1 << 1);
+  memset(p->NS2BSIndx + 2, (2 << 1), 9);
+  memset(p->NS2BSIndx + 11, (3 << 1), 256 - 11);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+    p->NS2Indx[i] = (Byte)i;
+  for (m = i, k = 1; i < 260; i++)
+  {
+    p->NS2Indx[i] = (Byte)m;
+    if (--k == 0)
+      k = (++m) - 4;
+  }
+}
+
+void Ppmd8_Free(CPpmd8 *p, ISzAlloc *alloc)
+{
+  alloc->Free(alloc, p->Base);
+  p->Size = 0;
+  p->Base = 0;
+}
+
+Bool Ppmd8_Alloc(CPpmd8 *p, UInt32 size, ISzAlloc *alloc)
+{
+  if (p->Base == 0 || p->Size != size)
+  {
+    Ppmd8_Free(p, alloc);
+    p->AlignOffset =
+      #ifdef PPMD_32BIT
+        (4 - size) & 3;
+      #else
+        4 - (size & 3);
+      #endif
+    if ((p->Base = (Byte *)alloc->Alloc(alloc, p->AlignOffset + size)) == 0)
+      return False;
+    p->Size = size;
+  }
+  return True;
+}
+
+static void InsertNode(CPpmd8 *p, void *node, unsigned indx)
+{
+  ((CPpmd8_Node *)node)->Stamp = EMPTY_NODE;
+  ((CPpmd8_Node *)node)->Next = (CPpmd8_Node_Ref)p->FreeList[indx];
+  ((CPpmd8_Node *)node)->NU = I2U(indx);
+  p->FreeList[indx] = REF(node);
+  p->Stamps[indx]++;
+}
+
+static void *RemoveNode(CPpmd8 *p, unsigned indx)
+{
+  CPpmd8_Node *node = NODE((CPpmd8_Node_Ref)p->FreeList[indx]);
+  p->FreeList[indx] = node->Next;
+  p->Stamps[indx]--;
+  return node;
+}
+
+static void SplitBlock(CPpmd8 *p, void *ptr, unsigned oldIndx, unsigned newIndx)
+{
+  unsigned i, nu = I2U(oldIndx) - I2U(newIndx);
+  ptr = (Byte *)ptr + U2B(I2U(newIndx));
+  if (I2U(i = U2I(nu)) != nu)
+  {
+    unsigned k = I2U(--i);
+    InsertNode(p, ((Byte *)ptr) + U2B(k), nu - k - 1);
+  }
+  InsertNode(p, ptr, i);
+}
+
+static void GlueFreeBlocks(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  CPpmd8_Node_Ref head = 0;
+  CPpmd8_Node_Ref *prev = &head;
+  unsigned i;
+
+  p->GlueCount = 1 << 13;
+  memset(p->Stamps, 0, sizeof(p->Stamps));
+  
+  /* Order-0 context is always at top UNIT, so we don't need guard NODE at the end.
+     All blocks up to p->LoUnit can be free, so we need guard NODE at LoUnit. */
+  if (p->LoUnit != p->HiUnit)
+    ((CPpmd8_Node *)p->LoUnit)->Stamp = 0;
+
+  /* Glue free blocks */
+  for (i = 0; i < PPMD_NUM_INDEXES; i++)
+  {
+    CPpmd8_Node_Ref next = (CPpmd8_Node_Ref)p->FreeList[i];
+    p->FreeList[i] = 0;
+    while (next != 0)
+    {
+      CPpmd8_Node *node = NODE(next);
+      if (node->NU != 0)
+      {
+        CPpmd8_Node *node2;
+        *prev = next;
+        prev = &(node->Next);
+        while ((node2 = node + node->NU)->Stamp == EMPTY_NODE)
+        {
+          node->NU += node2->NU;
+          node2->NU = 0;
+        }
+      }
+      next = node->Next;
+    }
+  }
+  *prev = 0;
+  
+  /* Fill lists of free blocks */
+  while (head != 0)
+  {
+    CPpmd8_Node *node = NODE(head);
+    unsigned nu;
+    head = node->Next;
+    nu = node->NU;
+    if (nu == 0)
+      continue;
+    for (; nu > 128; nu -= 128, node += 128)
+      InsertNode(p, node, PPMD_NUM_INDEXES - 1);
+    if (I2U(i = U2I(nu)) != nu)
+    {
+      unsigned k = I2U(--i);
+      InsertNode(p, node + k, nu - k - 1);
+    }
+    InsertNode(p, node, i);
+  }
+}
+
+static void *AllocUnitsRare(CPpmd8 *p, unsigned indx)
+{
+  unsigned i;
+  void *retVal;
+  if (p->GlueCount == 0)
+  {
+    GlueFreeBlocks(p);
+    if (p->FreeList[indx] != 0)
+      return RemoveNode(p, indx);
+  }
+  i = indx;
+  do
+  {
+    if (++i == PPMD_NUM_INDEXES)
+    {
+      UInt32 numBytes = U2B(I2U(indx));
+      p->GlueCount--;
+      return ((UInt32)(p->UnitsStart - p->Text) > numBytes) ? (p->UnitsStart -= numBytes) : (NULL);
+    }
+  }
+  while (p->FreeList[i] == 0);
+  retVal = RemoveNode(p, i);
+  SplitBlock(p, retVal, i, indx);
+  return retVal;
+}
+
+static void *AllocUnits(CPpmd8 *p, unsigned indx)
+{
+  UInt32 numBytes;
+  if (p->FreeList[indx] != 0)
+    return RemoveNode(p, indx);
+  numBytes = U2B(I2U(indx));
+  if (numBytes <= (UInt32)(p->HiUnit - p->LoUnit))
+  {
+    void *retVal = p->LoUnit;
+    p->LoUnit += numBytes;
+    return retVal;
+  }
+  return AllocUnitsRare(p, indx);
+}
+
+#define MyMem12Cpy(dest, src, num) \
+  { UInt32 *d = (UInt32 *)dest; const UInt32 *s = (const UInt32 *)src; UInt32 n = num; \
+    do { d[0] = s[0]; d[1] = s[1]; d[2] = s[2]; s += 3; d += 3; } while(--n); }
+
+static void *ShrinkUnits(CPpmd8 *p, void *oldPtr, unsigned oldNU, unsigned newNU)
+{
+  unsigned i0 = U2I(oldNU);
+  unsigned i1 = U2I(newNU);
+  if (i0 == i1)
+    return oldPtr;
+  if (p->FreeList[i1] != 0)
+  {
+    void *ptr = RemoveNode(p, i1);
+    MyMem12Cpy(ptr, oldPtr, newNU);
+    InsertNode(p, oldPtr, i0);
+    return ptr;
+  }
+  SplitBlock(p, oldPtr, i0, i1);
+  return oldPtr;
+}
+
+static void FreeUnits(CPpmd8 *p, void *ptr, unsigned nu)
+{
+  InsertNode(p, ptr, U2I(nu));
+}
+
+static void SpecialFreeUnit(CPpmd8 *p, void *ptr)
+{
+  if ((Byte *)ptr != p->UnitsStart)
+    InsertNode(p, ptr, 0);
+  else
+  {
+    #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+    *(UInt32 *)ptr = EMPTY_NODE; /* it's used for (Flags == 0xFF) check in RemoveBinContexts */
+    #endif
+    p->UnitsStart += UNIT_SIZE;
+  }
+}
+
+static void *MoveUnitsUp(CPpmd8 *p, void *oldPtr, unsigned nu)
+{
+  unsigned indx = U2I(nu);
+  void *ptr;
+  if ((Byte *)oldPtr > p->UnitsStart + 16 * 1024 || REF(oldPtr) > p->FreeList[indx])
+    return oldPtr;
+  ptr = RemoveNode(p, indx);
+  MyMem12Cpy(ptr, oldPtr, nu);
+  if ((Byte*)oldPtr != p->UnitsStart)
+    InsertNode(p, oldPtr, indx);
+  else
+    p->UnitsStart += U2B(I2U(indx));
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+static void ExpandTextArea(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  UInt32 count[PPMD_NUM_INDEXES];
+  unsigned i;
+  memset(count, 0, sizeof(count));
+  if (p->LoUnit != p->HiUnit)
+    ((CPpmd8_Node *)p->LoUnit)->Stamp = 0;
+  
+  {
+    CPpmd8_Node *node = (CPpmd8_Node *)p->UnitsStart;
+    for (; node->Stamp == EMPTY_NODE; node += node->NU)
+    {
+      node->Stamp = 0;
+      count[U2I(node->NU)]++;
+    }
+    p->UnitsStart = (Byte *)node;
+  }
+  
+  for (i = 0; i < PPMD_NUM_INDEXES; i++)
+  {
+    CPpmd8_Node_Ref *next = (CPpmd8_Node_Ref *)&p->FreeList[i];
+    while (count[i] != 0)
+    {
+      CPpmd8_Node *node = NODE(*next);
+      while (node->Stamp == 0)
+      {
+        *next = node->Next;
+        node = NODE(*next);
+        p->Stamps[i]--;
+        if (--count[i] == 0)
+          break;
+      }
+      next = &node->Next;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+#define SUCCESSOR(p) ((CPpmd_Void_Ref)((p)->SuccessorLow | ((UInt32)(p)->SuccessorHigh << 16)))
+
+static void SetSuccessor(CPpmd_State *p, CPpmd_Void_Ref v)
+{
+  (p)->SuccessorLow = (UInt16)((UInt32)(v) & 0xFFFF);
+  (p)->SuccessorHigh = (UInt16)(((UInt32)(v) >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
+}
+
+#define RESET_TEXT(offs) { p->Text = p->Base + p->AlignOffset + (offs); }
+
+static void RestartModel(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  unsigned i, k, m, r;
+
+  memset(p->FreeList, 0, sizeof(p->FreeList));
+  memset(p->Stamps, 0, sizeof(p->Stamps));
+  RESET_TEXT(0);
+  p->HiUnit = p->Text + p->Size;
+  p->LoUnit = p->UnitsStart = p->HiUnit - p->Size / 8 / UNIT_SIZE * 7 * UNIT_SIZE;
+  p->GlueCount = 0;
+
+  p->OrderFall = p->MaxOrder;
+  p->RunLength = p->InitRL = -(Int32)((p->MaxOrder < 12) ? p->MaxOrder : 12) - 1;
+  p->PrevSuccess = 0;
+
+  p->MinContext = p->MaxContext = (CTX_PTR)(p->HiUnit -= UNIT_SIZE); /* AllocContext(p); */
+  p->MinContext->Suffix = 0;
+  p->MinContext->NumStats = 255;
+  p->MinContext->Flags = 0;
+  p->MinContext->SummFreq = 256 + 1;
+  p->FoundState = (CPpmd_State *)p->LoUnit; /* AllocUnits(p, PPMD_NUM_INDEXES - 1); */
+  p->LoUnit += U2B(256 / 2);
+  p->MinContext->Stats = REF(p->FoundState);
+  for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
+  {
+    CPpmd_State *s = &p->FoundState[i];
+    s->Symbol = (Byte)i;
+    s->Freq = 1;
+    SetSuccessor(s, 0);
+  }
+
+  for (i = m = 0; m < 25; m++)
+  {
+    while (p->NS2Indx[i] == m)
+      i++;
+    for (k = 0; k < 8; k++)
+    {
+      UInt16 val = (UInt16)(PPMD_BIN_SCALE - kInitBinEsc[k] / (i + 1));
+      UInt16 *dest = p->BinSumm[m] + k;
+      for (r = 0; r < 64; r += 8)
+        dest[r] = val;
+    }
+  }
+
+  for (i = m = 0; m < 24; m++)
+  {
+    while (p->NS2Indx[i + 3] == m + 3)
+      i++;
+    for (k = 0; k < 32; k++)
+    {
+      CPpmd_See *s = &p->See[m][k];
+      s->Summ = (UInt16)((2 * i + 5) << (s->Shift = PPMD_PERIOD_BITS - 4));
+      s->Count = 7;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Ppmd8_Init(CPpmd8 *p, unsigned maxOrder, unsigned restoreMethod)
+{
+  p->MaxOrder = maxOrder;
+  p->RestoreMethod = restoreMethod;
+  RestartModel(p);
+  p->DummySee.Shift = PPMD_PERIOD_BITS;
+  p->DummySee.Summ = 0; /* unused */
+  p->DummySee.Count = 64; /* unused */
+}
+
+static void Refresh(CPpmd8 *p, CTX_PTR ctx, unsigned oldNU, unsigned scale)
+{
+  unsigned i = ctx->NumStats, escFreq, sumFreq, flags;
+  CPpmd_State *s = (CPpmd_State *)ShrinkUnits(p, STATS(ctx), oldNU, (i + 2) >> 1);
+  ctx->Stats = REF(s);
+  #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+  /* fixed over Shkarin's code. Fixed code is not compatible with original code for some files in FREEZE mode. */
+  scale |= (ctx->SummFreq >= ((UInt32)1 << 15));
+  #endif
+  flags = (ctx->Flags & (0x10 + 0x04 * scale)) + 0x08 * (s->Symbol >= 0x40);
+  escFreq = ctx->SummFreq - s->Freq;
+  sumFreq = (s->Freq = (Byte)((s->Freq + scale) >> scale));
+  do
+  {
+    escFreq -= (++s)->Freq;
+    sumFreq += (s->Freq = (Byte)((s->Freq + scale) >> scale));
+    flags |= 0x08 * (s->Symbol >= 0x40);
+  }
+  while (--i);
+  ctx->SummFreq = (UInt16)(sumFreq + ((escFreq + scale) >> scale));
+  ctx->Flags = (Byte)flags;
+}
+
+static void SwapStates(CPpmd_State *t1, CPpmd_State *t2)
+{
+  CPpmd_State tmp = *t1;
+  *t1 = *t2;
+  *t2 = tmp;
+}
+
+static CPpmd_Void_Ref CutOff(CPpmd8 *p, CTX_PTR ctx, unsigned order)
+{
+  int i;
+  unsigned tmp;
+  CPpmd_State *s;
+  
+  if (!ctx->NumStats)
+  {
+    s = ONE_STATE(ctx);
+    if ((Byte *)Ppmd8_GetPtr(p, SUCCESSOR(s)) >= p->UnitsStart)
+    {
+      if (order < p->MaxOrder)
+        SetSuccessor(s, CutOff(p, CTX(SUCCESSOR(s)), order + 1));
+      else
+        SetSuccessor(s, 0);
+      if (SUCCESSOR(s) || order <= 9) /* O_BOUND */
+        return REF(ctx);
+    }
+    SpecialFreeUnit(p, ctx);
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  ctx->Stats = STATS_REF(MoveUnitsUp(p, STATS(ctx), tmp = ((unsigned)ctx->NumStats + 2) >> 1));
+
+  for (s = STATS(ctx) + (i = ctx->NumStats); s >= STATS(ctx); s--)
+    if ((Byte *)Ppmd8_GetPtr(p, SUCCESSOR(s)) < p->UnitsStart)
+    {
+      CPpmd_State *s2 = STATS(ctx) + (i--);
+      SetSuccessor(s, 0);
+      SwapStates(s, s2);
+    }
+    else if (order < p->MaxOrder)
+      SetSuccessor(s, CutOff(p, CTX(SUCCESSOR(s)), order + 1));
+    else
+      SetSuccessor(s, 0);
+    
+  if (i != ctx->NumStats && order)
+  {
+    ctx->NumStats = (Byte)i;
+    s = STATS(ctx);
+    if (i < 0)
+    {
+      FreeUnits(p, s, tmp);
+      SpecialFreeUnit(p, ctx);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    if (i == 0)
+    {
+      ctx->Flags = (ctx->Flags & 0x10) + 0x08 * (s->Symbol >= 0x40);
+      *ONE_STATE(ctx) = *s;
+      FreeUnits(p, s, tmp);
+      ONE_STATE(ctx)->Freq = (Byte)((unsigned)ONE_STATE(ctx)->Freq + 11) >> 3;
+    }
+    else
+      Refresh(p, ctx, tmp, ctx->SummFreq > 16 * i);
+  }
+  return REF(ctx);
+}
+
+#ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+static CPpmd_Void_Ref RemoveBinContexts(CPpmd8 *p, CTX_PTR ctx, unsigned order)
+{
+  CPpmd_State *s;
+  if (!ctx->NumStats)
+  {
+    s = ONE_STATE(ctx);
+    if ((Byte *)Ppmd8_GetPtr(p, SUCCESSOR(s)) >= p->UnitsStart && order < p->MaxOrder)
+      SetSuccessor(s, RemoveBinContexts(p, CTX(SUCCESSOR(s)), order + 1));
+    else
+      SetSuccessor(s, 0);
+    /* Suffix context can be removed already, since different (high-order)
+       Successors may refer to same context. So we check Flags == 0xFF (Stamp == EMPTY_NODE) */
+    if (!SUCCESSOR(s) && (!SUFFIX(ctx)->NumStats || SUFFIX(ctx)->Flags == 0xFF))
+    {
+      FreeUnits(p, ctx, 1);
+      return 0;
+    }
+    else
+      return REF(ctx);
+  }
+
+  for (s = STATS(ctx) + ctx->NumStats; s >= STATS(ctx); s--)
+    if ((Byte *)Ppmd8_GetPtr(p, SUCCESSOR(s)) >= p->UnitsStart && order < p->MaxOrder)
+      SetSuccessor(s, RemoveBinContexts(p, CTX(SUCCESSOR(s)), order + 1));
+    else
+      SetSuccessor(s, 0);
+  
+  return REF(ctx);
+}
+#endif
+
+static UInt32 GetUsedMemory(const CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  UInt32 v = 0;
+  unsigned i;
+  for (i = 0; i < PPMD_NUM_INDEXES; i++)
+    v += p->Stamps[i] * I2U(i);
+  return p->Size - (UInt32)(p->HiUnit - p->LoUnit) - (UInt32)(p->UnitsStart - p->Text) - U2B(v);
+}
+
+#ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+  #define RESTORE_MODEL(c1, fSuccessor) RestoreModel(p, c1, fSuccessor)
+#else
+  #define RESTORE_MODEL(c1, fSuccessor) RestoreModel(p, c1)
+#endif
+
+static void RestoreModel(CPpmd8 *p, CTX_PTR c1
+    #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+    , CTX_PTR fSuccessor
+    #endif
+    )
+{
+  CTX_PTR c;
+  CPpmd_State *s;
+  RESET_TEXT(0);
+  for (c = p->MaxContext; c != c1; c = SUFFIX(c))
+    if (--(c->NumStats) == 0)
+    {
+      s = STATS(c);
+      c->Flags = (c->Flags & 0x10) + 0x08 * (s->Symbol >= 0x40);
+      *ONE_STATE(c) = *s;
+      SpecialFreeUnit(p, s);
+      ONE_STATE(c)->Freq = (ONE_STATE(c)->Freq + 11) >> 3;
+    }
+    else
+      Refresh(p, c, (c->NumStats+3) >> 1, 0);
+ 
+  for (; c != p->MinContext; c = SUFFIX(c))
+    if (!c->NumStats)
+      ONE_STATE(c)->Freq -= ONE_STATE(c)->Freq >> 1;
+    else if ((c->SummFreq += 4) > 128 + 4 * c->NumStats)
+      Refresh(p, c, (c->NumStats + 2) >> 1, 1);
+
+  #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+  if (p->RestoreMethod > PPMD8_RESTORE_METHOD_FREEZE)
+  {
+    p->MaxContext = fSuccessor;
+    p->GlueCount += !(p->Stamps[1] & 1);
+  }
+  else if (p->RestoreMethod == PPMD8_RESTORE_METHOD_FREEZE)
+  {
+    while (p->MaxContext->Suffix)
+      p->MaxContext = SUFFIX(p->MaxContext);
+    RemoveBinContexts(p, p->MaxContext, 0);
+    p->RestoreMethod++;
+    p->GlueCount = 0;
+    p->OrderFall = p->MaxOrder;
+  }
+  else
+  #endif
+  if (p->RestoreMethod == PPMD8_RESTORE_METHOD_RESTART || GetUsedMemory(p) < (p->Size >> 1))
+    RestartModel(p);
+  else
+  {
+    while (p->MaxContext->Suffix)
+      p->MaxContext = SUFFIX(p->MaxContext);
+    do
+    {
+      CutOff(p, p->MaxContext, 0);
+      ExpandTextArea(p);
+    }
+    while (GetUsedMemory(p) > 3 * (p->Size >> 2));
+    p->GlueCount = 0;
+    p->OrderFall = p->MaxOrder;
+  }
+}
+
+static CTX_PTR CreateSuccessors(CPpmd8 *p, Bool skip, CPpmd_State *s1, CTX_PTR c)
+{
+  CPpmd_State upState;
+  Byte flags;
+  CPpmd_Byte_Ref upBranch = (CPpmd_Byte_Ref)SUCCESSOR(p->FoundState);
+  /* fixed over Shkarin's code. Maybe it could work without + 1 too. */
+  CPpmd_State *ps[PPMD8_MAX_ORDER + 1];
+  unsigned numPs = 0;
+  
+  if (!skip)
+    ps[numPs++] = p->FoundState;
+  
+  while (c->Suffix)
+  {
+    CPpmd_Void_Ref successor;
+    CPpmd_State *s;
+    c = SUFFIX(c);
+    if (s1)
+    {
+      s = s1;
+      s1 = NULL;
+    }
+    else if (c->NumStats != 0)
+    {
+      for (s = STATS(c); s->Symbol != p->FoundState->Symbol; s++);
+      if (s->Freq < MAX_FREQ - 9)
+      {
+        s->Freq++;
+        c->SummFreq++;
+      }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      s = ONE_STATE(c);
+      s->Freq += (!SUFFIX(c)->NumStats & (s->Freq < 24));
+    }
+    successor = SUCCESSOR(s);
+    if (successor != upBranch)
+    {
+      c = CTX(successor);
+      if (numPs == 0)
+        return c;
+      break;
+    }
+    ps[numPs++] = s;
+  }
+  
+  upState.Symbol = *(const Byte *)Ppmd8_GetPtr(p, upBranch);
+  SetSuccessor(&upState, upBranch + 1);
+  flags = 0x10 * (p->FoundState->Symbol >= 0x40) + 0x08 * (upState.Symbol >= 0x40);
+
+  if (c->NumStats == 0)
+    upState.Freq = ONE_STATE(c)->Freq;
+  else
+  {
+    UInt32 cf, s0;
+    CPpmd_State *s;
+    for (s = STATS(c); s->Symbol != upState.Symbol; s++);
+    cf = s->Freq - 1;
+    s0 = c->SummFreq - c->NumStats - cf;
+    upState.Freq = (Byte)(1 + ((2 * cf <= s0) ? (5 * cf > s0) : ((cf + 2 * s0 - 3) / s0)));
+  }
+
+  do
+  {
+    /* Create Child */
+    CTX_PTR c1; /* = AllocContext(p); */
+    if (p->HiUnit != p->LoUnit)
+      c1 = (CTX_PTR)(p->HiUnit -= UNIT_SIZE);
+    else if (p->FreeList[0] != 0)
+      c1 = (CTX_PTR)RemoveNode(p, 0);
+    else
+    {
+      c1 = (CTX_PTR)AllocUnitsRare(p, 0);
+      if (!c1)
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    c1->NumStats = 0;
+    c1->Flags = flags;
+    *ONE_STATE(c1) = upState;
+    c1->Suffix = REF(c);
+    SetSuccessor(ps[--numPs], REF(c1));
+    c = c1;
+  }
+  while (numPs != 0);
+  
+  return c;
+}
+
+static CTX_PTR ReduceOrder(CPpmd8 *p, CPpmd_State *s1, CTX_PTR c)
+{
+  CPpmd_State *s = NULL;
+  CTX_PTR c1 = c;
+  CPpmd_Void_Ref upBranch = REF(p->Text);
+  
+  #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+  /* The BUG in Shkarin's code was fixed: ps could overflow in CUT_OFF mode. */
+  CPpmd_State *ps[PPMD8_MAX_ORDER + 1];
+  unsigned numPs = 0;
+  ps[numPs++] = p->FoundState;
+  #endif
+
+  SetSuccessor(p->FoundState, upBranch);
+  p->OrderFall++;
+
+  for (;;)
+  {
+    if (s1)
+    {
+      c = SUFFIX(c);
+      s = s1;
+      s1 = NULL;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      if (!c->Suffix)
+      {
+        #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+        if (p->RestoreMethod > PPMD8_RESTORE_METHOD_FREEZE)
+        {
+          do { SetSuccessor(ps[--numPs], REF(c)); } while (numPs);
+          RESET_TEXT(1);
+          p->OrderFall = 1;
+        }
+        #endif
+        return c;
+      }
+      c = SUFFIX(c);
+      if (c->NumStats)
+      {
+        if ((s = STATS(c))->Symbol != p->FoundState->Symbol)
+          do { s++; } while (s->Symbol != p->FoundState->Symbol);
+        if (s->Freq < MAX_FREQ - 9)
+        {
+          s->Freq += 2;
+          c->SummFreq += 2;
+        }
+      }
+      else
+      {
+        s = ONE_STATE(c);
+        s->Freq += (s->Freq < 32);
+      }
+    }
+    if (SUCCESSOR(s))
+      break;
+    #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+    ps[numPs++] = s;
+    #endif
+    SetSuccessor(s, upBranch);
+    p->OrderFall++;
+  }
+  
+  #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+  if (p->RestoreMethod > PPMD8_RESTORE_METHOD_FREEZE)
+  {
+    c = CTX(SUCCESSOR(s));
+    do { SetSuccessor(ps[--numPs], REF(c)); } while (numPs);
+    RESET_TEXT(1);
+    p->OrderFall = 1;
+    return c;
+  }
+  else
+  #endif
+  if (SUCCESSOR(s) <= upBranch)
+  {
+    CTX_PTR successor;
+    CPpmd_State *s1 = p->FoundState;
+    p->FoundState = s;
+
+    successor = CreateSuccessors(p, False, NULL, c);
+    if (successor == NULL)
+      SetSuccessor(s, 0);
+    else
+      SetSuccessor(s, REF(successor));
+    p->FoundState = s1;
+  }
+  
+  if (p->OrderFall == 1 && c1 == p->MaxContext)
+  {
+    SetSuccessor(p->FoundState, SUCCESSOR(s));
+    p->Text--;
+  }
+  if (SUCCESSOR(s) == 0)
+    return NULL;
+  return CTX(SUCCESSOR(s));
+}
+
+static void UpdateModel(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  CPpmd_Void_Ref successor, fSuccessor = SUCCESSOR(p->FoundState);
+  CTX_PTR c;
+  unsigned s0, ns, fFreq = p->FoundState->Freq;
+  Byte flag, fSymbol = p->FoundState->Symbol;
+  CPpmd_State *s = NULL;
+  
+  if (p->FoundState->Freq < MAX_FREQ / 4 && p->MinContext->Suffix != 0)
+  {
+    c = SUFFIX(p->MinContext);
+    
+    if (c->NumStats == 0)
+    {
+      s = ONE_STATE(c);
+      if (s->Freq < 32)
+        s->Freq++;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      s = STATS(c);
+      if (s->Symbol != p->FoundState->Symbol)
+      {
+        do { s++; } while (s->Symbol != p->FoundState->Symbol);
+        if (s[0].Freq >= s[-1].Freq)
+        {
+          SwapStates(&s[0], &s[-1]);
+          s--;
+        }
+      }
+      if (s->Freq < MAX_FREQ - 9)
+      {
+        s->Freq += 2;
+        c->SummFreq += 2;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  
+  c = p->MaxContext;
+  if (p->OrderFall == 0 && fSuccessor)
+  {
+    CTX_PTR cs = CreateSuccessors(p, True, s, p->MinContext);
+    if (cs == 0)
+    {
+      SetSuccessor(p->FoundState, 0);
+      RESTORE_MODEL(c, CTX(fSuccessor));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      SetSuccessor(p->FoundState, REF(cs));
+      p->MaxContext = cs;
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  
+  *p->Text++ = p->FoundState->Symbol;
+  successor = REF(p->Text);
+  if (p->Text >= p->UnitsStart)
+  {
+    RESTORE_MODEL(c, CTX(fSuccessor)); /* check it */
+    return;
+  }
+  
+  if (!fSuccessor)
+  {
+    CTX_PTR cs = ReduceOrder(p, s, p->MinContext);
+    if (cs == NULL)
+    {
+      RESTORE_MODEL(c, 0);
+      return;
+    }
+    fSuccessor = REF(cs);
+  }
+  else if ((Byte *)Ppmd8_GetPtr(p, fSuccessor) < p->UnitsStart)
+  {
+    CTX_PTR cs = CreateSuccessors(p, False, s, p->MinContext);
+    if (cs == NULL)
+    {
+      RESTORE_MODEL(c, 0);
+      return;
+    }
+    fSuccessor = REF(cs);
+  }
+  
+  if (--p->OrderFall == 0)
+  {
+    successor = fSuccessor;
+    p->Text -= (p->MaxContext != p->MinContext);
+  }
+  #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+  else if (p->RestoreMethod > PPMD8_RESTORE_METHOD_FREEZE)
+  {
+    successor = fSuccessor;
+    RESET_TEXT(0);
+    p->OrderFall = 0;
+  }
+  #endif
+  
+  s0 = p->MinContext->SummFreq - (ns = p->MinContext->NumStats) - fFreq;
+  flag = 0x08 * (fSymbol >= 0x40);
+  
+  for (; c != p->MinContext; c = SUFFIX(c))
+  {
+    unsigned ns1;
+    UInt32 cf, sf;
+    if ((ns1 = c->NumStats) != 0)
+    {
+      if ((ns1 & 1) != 0)
+      {
+        /* Expand for one UNIT */
+        unsigned oldNU = (ns1 + 1) >> 1;
+        unsigned i = U2I(oldNU);
+        if (i != U2I(oldNU + 1))
+        {
+          void *ptr = AllocUnits(p, i + 1);
+          void *oldPtr;
+          if (!ptr)
+          {
+            RESTORE_MODEL(c, CTX(fSuccessor));
+            return;
+          }
+          oldPtr = STATS(c);
+          MyMem12Cpy(ptr, oldPtr, oldNU);
+          InsertNode(p, oldPtr, i);
+          c->Stats = STATS_REF(ptr);
+        }
+      }
+      c->SummFreq = (UInt16)(c->SummFreq + (3 * ns1 + 1 < ns));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      CPpmd_State *s = (CPpmd_State*)AllocUnits(p, 0);
+      if (!s)
+      {
+        RESTORE_MODEL(c, CTX(fSuccessor));
+        return;
+      }
+      *s = *ONE_STATE(c);
+      c->Stats = REF(s);
+      if (s->Freq < MAX_FREQ / 4 - 1)
+        s->Freq <<= 1;
+      else
+        s->Freq = MAX_FREQ - 4;
+      c->SummFreq = (UInt16)(s->Freq + p->InitEsc + (ns > 2));
+    }
+    cf = 2 * fFreq * (c->SummFreq + 6);
+    sf = (UInt32)s0 + c->SummFreq;
+    if (cf < 6 * sf)
+    {
+      cf = 1 + (cf > sf) + (cf >= 4 * sf);
+      c->SummFreq += 4;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+      cf = 4 + (cf > 9 * sf) + (cf > 12 * sf) + (cf > 15 * sf);
+      c->SummFreq = (UInt16)(c->SummFreq + cf);
+    }
+    {
+      CPpmd_State *s = STATS(c) + ns1 + 1;
+      SetSuccessor(s, successor);
+      s->Symbol = fSymbol;
+      s->Freq = (Byte)cf;
+      c->Flags |= flag;
+      c->NumStats = (Byte)(ns1 + 1);
+    }
+  }
+  p->MaxContext = p->MinContext = CTX(fSuccessor);
+}
+  
+static void Rescale(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  unsigned i, adder, sumFreq, escFreq;
+  CPpmd_State *stats = STATS(p->MinContext);
+  CPpmd_State *s = p->FoundState;
+  {
+    CPpmd_State tmp = *s;
+    for (; s != stats; s--)
+      s[0] = s[-1];
+    *s = tmp;
+  }
+  escFreq = p->MinContext->SummFreq - s->Freq;
+  s->Freq += 4;
+  adder = (p->OrderFall != 0
+      #ifdef PPMD8_FREEZE_SUPPORT
+      || p->RestoreMethod > PPMD8_RESTORE_METHOD_FREEZE
+      #endif
+      );
+  s->Freq = (Byte)((s->Freq + adder) >> 1);
+  sumFreq = s->Freq;
+  
+  i = p->MinContext->NumStats;
+  do
+  {
+    escFreq -= (++s)->Freq;
+    s->Freq = (Byte)((s->Freq + adder) >> 1);
+    sumFreq += s->Freq;
+    if (s[0].Freq > s[-1].Freq)
+    {
+      CPpmd_State *s1 = s;
+      CPpmd_State tmp = *s1;
+      do
+        s1[0] = s1[-1];
+      while (--s1 != stats && tmp.Freq > s1[-1].Freq);
+      *s1 = tmp;
+    }
+  }
+  while (--i);
+  
+  if (s->Freq == 0)
+  {
+    unsigned numStats = p->MinContext->NumStats;
+    unsigned n0, n1;
+    do { i++; } while ((--s)->Freq == 0);
+    escFreq += i;
+    p->MinContext->NumStats = (Byte)(p->MinContext->NumStats - i);
+    if (p->MinContext->NumStats == 0)
+    {
+      CPpmd_State tmp = *stats;
+      tmp.Freq = (Byte)((2 * tmp.Freq + escFreq - 1) / escFreq);
+      if (tmp.Freq > MAX_FREQ / 3)
+        tmp.Freq = MAX_FREQ / 3;
+      InsertNode(p, stats, U2I((numStats + 2) >> 1));
+      p->MinContext->Flags = (p->MinContext->Flags & 0x10) + 0x08 * (tmp.Symbol >= 0x40);
+      *(p->FoundState = ONE_STATE(p->MinContext)) = tmp;
+      return;
+    }
+    n0 = (numStats + 2) >> 1;
+    n1 = (p->MinContext->NumStats + 2) >> 1;
+    if (n0 != n1)
+      p->MinContext->Stats = STATS_REF(ShrinkUnits(p, stats, n0, n1));
+    p->MinContext->Flags &= ~0x08;
+    p->MinContext->Flags |= 0x08 * ((s = STATS(p->MinContext))->Symbol >= 0x40);
+    i = p->MinContext->NumStats;
+    do { p->MinContext->Flags |= 0x08*((++s)->Symbol >= 0x40); } while (--i);
+  }
+  p->MinContext->SummFreq = (UInt16)(sumFreq + escFreq - (escFreq >> 1));
+  p->MinContext->Flags |= 0x4;
+  p->FoundState = STATS(p->MinContext);
+}
+
+CPpmd_See *Ppmd8_MakeEscFreq(CPpmd8 *p, unsigned numMasked1, UInt32 *escFreq)
+{
+  CPpmd_See *see;
+  if (p->MinContext->NumStats != 0xFF)
+  {
+    see = p->See[p->NS2Indx[p->MinContext->NumStats + 2] - 3] +
+        (p->MinContext->SummFreq > 11 * ((unsigned)p->MinContext->NumStats + 1)) +
+        2 * (2 * (unsigned)p->MinContext->NumStats <
+        ((unsigned)SUFFIX(p->MinContext)->NumStats + numMasked1)) +
+        p->MinContext->Flags;
+    {
+      unsigned r = (see->Summ >> see->Shift);
+      see->Summ = (UInt16)(see->Summ - r);
+      *escFreq = r + (r == 0);
+    }
+  }
+  else
+  {
+    see = &p->DummySee;
+    *escFreq = 1;
+  }
+  return see;
+}
+
+static void NextContext(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  CTX_PTR c = CTX(SUCCESSOR(p->FoundState));
+  if (p->OrderFall == 0 && (Byte *)c >= p->UnitsStart)
+    p->MinContext = p->MaxContext = c;
+  else
+  {
+    UpdateModel(p);
+    p->MinContext = p->MaxContext;
+  }
+}
+
+void Ppmd8_Update1(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  CPpmd_State *s = p->FoundState;
+  s->Freq += 4;
+  p->MinContext->SummFreq += 4;
+  if (s[0].Freq > s[-1].Freq)
+  {
+    SwapStates(&s[0], &s[-1]);
+    p->FoundState = --s;
+    if (s->Freq > MAX_FREQ)
+      Rescale(p);
+  }
+  NextContext(p);
+}
+
+void Ppmd8_Update1_0(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  p->PrevSuccess = (2 * p->FoundState->Freq >= p->MinContext->SummFreq);
+  p->RunLength += p->PrevSuccess;
+  p->MinContext->SummFreq += 4;
+  if ((p->FoundState->Freq += 4) > MAX_FREQ)
+    Rescale(p);
+  NextContext(p);
+}
+
+void Ppmd8_UpdateBin(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  p->FoundState->Freq = (Byte)(p->FoundState->Freq + (p->FoundState->Freq < 196));
+  p->PrevSuccess = 1;
+  p->RunLength++;
+  NextContext(p);
+}
+
+void Ppmd8_Update2(CPpmd8 *p)
+{
+  p->MinContext->SummFreq += 4;
+  if ((p->FoundState->Freq += 4) > MAX_FREQ)
+    Rescale(p);
+  p->RunLength = p->InitRL;
+  UpdateModel(p);
+  p->MinContext = p->MaxContext;
+}
+
+/* H->I changes:
+  NS2Indx
+  GlewCount, and Glue method
+  BinSum
+  See / EscFreq
+  CreateSuccessors updates more suffix contexts
+  UpdateModel consts.
+  PrevSuccess Update
+*/