serrano-vk 0.1.0

data/examples/demo_crud/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.4.0/gems/sequel-5.102.0/lib/sequel/adapters/postgres.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,863 @@
+# frozen-string-literal: true
+
+require_relative 'shared/postgres'
+
+begin 
+  require 'pg' 
+
+  # :nocov:
+  Sequel::Postgres::PGError = PG::Error if defined?(PG::Error)
+  Sequel::Postgres::PGconn = PG::Connection if defined?(PG::Connection)
+  Sequel::Postgres::PGresult = PG::Result if defined?(PG::Result)
+
+  # Work around postgres-pr 0.7.0+ which ships with a pg.rb file
+  unless defined?(PG::Connection)
+    raise LoadError unless defined?(PGconn::CONNECTION_OK)
+  end
+
+  if defined?(PG::TypeMapByClass)
+  # :nocov:
+    type_map = Sequel::Postgres::PG_QUERY_TYPE_MAP = PG::TypeMapByClass.new
+    type_map[Integer] = PG::TextEncoder::Integer.new
+    type_map[FalseClass] = type_map[TrueClass] = PG::TextEncoder::Boolean.new
+    type_map[Float] = PG::TextEncoder::Float.new
+  end
+
+  Sequel::Postgres::USES_PG = true
+rescue LoadError => e 
+  # :nocov:
+  begin
+    require 'sequel/postgres-pr'
+  rescue LoadError 
+    begin
+      require 'postgres-pr/postgres-compat'
+    rescue LoadError 
+      raise e 
+    end 
+  end 
+  Sequel::Postgres::USES_PG = false
+  # :nocov:
+end
+
+module Sequel
+  module Postgres
+    # :nocov:
+    if USES_PG
+      # Whether the given sequel_pg version integer is supported.
+      def self.sequel_pg_version_supported?(version)
+        version >= 10617
+      end
+    end
+    # :nocov:
+
+    # PGconn subclass for connection specific methods used with the
+    # pg or postgres-pr driver.
+    class Adapter < PGconn
+      # The underlying exception classes to reraise as disconnect errors
+      # instead of regular database errors.
+      DISCONNECT_ERROR_CLASSES = [IOError, Errno::EPIPE, Errno::ECONNRESET]
+      # :nocov:
+      if defined?(::PG::ConnectionBad)
+      # :nocov:
+        DISCONNECT_ERROR_CLASSES << ::PG::ConnectionBad
+      end
+      DISCONNECT_ERROR_CLASSES.freeze
+      
+      disconnect_errors = [
+        'ERROR:  cached plan must not change result type',
+        'could not receive data from server',
+        'no connection to the server',
+        'connection not open',
+        'connection is closed',
+        'terminating connection due to administrator command',
+        'PQconsumeInput() '
+       ]
+
+      # Since exception class based disconnect checking may not work,
+      # also trying parsing the exception message to look for disconnect
+      # errors.
+      DISCONNECT_ERROR_RE = /\A#{Regexp.union(disconnect_errors)}/
+      
+      if USES_PG
+        # Hash of prepared statements for this connection.  Keys are
+        # string names of the server side prepared statement, and values
+        # are SQL strings.
+        attr_reader :prepared_statements
+
+      # :nocov:
+        unless public_method_defined?(:async_exec_params)
+          alias async_exec_params async_exec
+        end
+      elsif !const_defined?(:CONNECTION_OK)
+        # Handle old postgres-pr
+        # sequel-postgres-pr already implements this API
+
+        CONNECTION_OK = -1
+
+        # Escape bytea values.  Uses historical format instead of hex
+        # format for maximum compatibility.
+        def escape_bytea(str)
+          str.gsub(/[\000-\037\047\134\177-\377]/n){|b| "\\#{sprintf('%o', b.each_byte{|x| break x}).rjust(3, '0')}"}
+        end
+        
+        # Escape strings by doubling apostrophes.  This only works if standard
+        # conforming strings are used.
+        def escape_string(str)
+          str.gsub("'", "''")
+        end
+
+        alias finish close
+
+        def async_exec(sql)
+          PGresult.new(@conn.query(sql))
+        end
+
+        def block(timeout=nil)
+        end
+
+        def status
+          CONNECTION_OK
+        end
+
+        class PGresult < ::PGresult
+          alias nfields num_fields
+          alias ntuples num_tuples
+          alias ftype type
+          alias fname fieldname
+          alias cmd_tuples cmdtuples
+        end 
+      end
+      # :nocov:
+      
+      # Raise a Sequel::DatabaseDisconnectError if a one of the disconnect
+      # error classes is raised, or a PGError is raised and the connection
+      # status cannot be determined or it is not OK.
+      def check_disconnect_errors
+        yield
+      rescue *DISCONNECT_ERROR_CLASSES => e
+        disconnect = true
+        raise(Sequel.convert_exception_class(e, Sequel::DatabaseDisconnectError))
+      rescue PGError => e
+        disconnect = false
+        begin
+          s = status
+        rescue PGError
+          disconnect = true
+        end
+        status_ok = (s == Adapter::CONNECTION_OK)
+        disconnect ||= !status_ok
+        disconnect ||= e.message =~ DISCONNECT_ERROR_RE
+        disconnect ? raise(Sequel.convert_exception_class(e, Sequel::DatabaseDisconnectError)) : raise
+      ensure
+        block if status_ok && !disconnect
+      end
+
+      # Execute the given SQL with this connection.  If a block is given,
+      # yield the results, otherwise, return the number of changed rows.
+      def execute(sql, args=nil)
+        args = args.map{|v| @db.bound_variable_arg(v, self)} if args
+        q = check_disconnect_errors{execute_query(sql, args)}
+        begin
+          defined?(yield) ? yield(q) : q.cmd_tuples
+        ensure
+          q.clear if q && q.respond_to?(:clear)
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Return the PGResult containing the query results.
+      def execute_query(sql, args)
+        @db.log_connection_yield(sql, self, args){args ? async_exec_params(sql, args) : async_exec(sql)}
+      end
+    end
+    
+    class Database < Sequel::Database
+      include Sequel::Postgres::DatabaseMethods
+
+      set_adapter_scheme :postgresql
+      set_adapter_scheme :postgres
+
+      # Convert given argument so that it can be used directly by pg.  Currently, pg doesn't
+      # handle fractional seconds in Time/DateTime or blobs with "\0". Only public for use by
+      # the adapter, shouldn't be used by external code.
+      def bound_variable_arg(arg, conn)
+        case arg
+        when Sequel::SQL::Blob
+          {:value=>arg, :type=>17, :format=>1}
+        # :nocov:
+        # Not covered by tests as tests use pg_extended_date_support
+        # extension, which has basically the same code.
+        when Time, DateTime
+          @default_dataset.literal_date_or_time(arg)
+        # :nocov:
+        else
+          arg
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Call a procedure with the given name and arguments.  Returns a hash if the procedure
+      # returns a value, and nil otherwise.  Example:
+      #
+      #   DB.call_procedure(:foo, 1, 2)
+      #   # CALL foo(1, 2)
+      def call_procedure(name, *args)
+        dataset.send(:call_procedure, name, args)
+      end
+
+      # Connects to the database.  In addition to the standard database
+      # options, using the :encoding or :charset option changes the
+      # client encoding for the connection, :connect_timeout is a
+      # connection timeout in seconds, :sslmode sets whether postgres's
+      # sslmode, and :notice_receiver handles server notices in a proc.
+      # :connect_timeout, :driver_options, :sslmode, and :notice_receiver
+      # are only supported if the pg driver is used.
+      def connect(server)
+        opts = server_opts(server)
+        if USES_PG
+          connection_params = {
+            :host => opts[:host],
+            :port => opts[:port],
+            :dbname => opts[:database],
+            :user => opts[:user],
+            :password => opts[:password],
+            :connect_timeout => opts[:connect_timeout] || 20,
+            :sslmode => opts[:sslmode],
+            :sslrootcert => opts[:sslrootcert]
+          }.delete_if { |key, value| blank_object?(value) }
+          # :nocov:
+          connection_params.merge!(opts[:driver_options]) if opts[:driver_options]
+          # :nocov:
+          conn = Adapter.connect(opts[:conn_str] || connection_params)
+
+          conn.instance_variable_set(:@prepared_statements, {})
+
+          if receiver = opts[:notice_receiver]
+            conn.set_notice_receiver(&receiver)
+          end
+
+          # :nocov:
+          if conn.respond_to?(:type_map_for_queries=) && defined?(PG_QUERY_TYPE_MAP)
+          # :nocov:
+            conn.type_map_for_queries = PG_QUERY_TYPE_MAP
+          end
+        # :nocov:
+        else
+          unless typecast_value_boolean(@opts.fetch(:force_standard_strings, true))
+            raise Error, "Cannot create connection using postgres-pr unless force_standard_strings is set"
+          end
+
+          conn = Adapter.connect(
+            (opts[:host] unless blank_object?(opts[:host])),
+            opts[:port] || 5432,
+            nil, '',
+            opts[:database],
+            opts[:user],
+            opts[:password]
+          )
+        end
+        # :nocov:
+
+        conn.instance_variable_set(:@db, self)
+
+        # :nocov:
+        if encoding = opts[:encoding] || opts[:charset]
+          if conn.respond_to?(:set_client_encoding)
+            conn.set_client_encoding(encoding)
+          else
+            conn.async_exec("set client_encoding to '#{encoding}'")
+          end
+        end
+        # :nocov:
+
+        connection_configuration_sqls(opts).each{|sql| conn.execute(sql)}
+        conn
+      end
+      
+      # Always false, support was moved to pg_extended_date_support extension.
+      # Needs to stay defined here so that sequel_pg works.
+      def convert_infinite_timestamps
+        false
+      end
+
+      # Enable pg_extended_date_support extension if symbol or string is given.
+      def convert_infinite_timestamps=(v)
+        case v
+        when Symbol, String, true
+          extension(:pg_extended_date_support)
+          self.convert_infinite_timestamps = v
+        end
+      end
+
+      def disconnect_connection(conn)
+        conn.finish
+      rescue PGError, IOError
+        nil
+      end
+
+      # :nocov:
+      if USES_PG && Object.const_defined?(:PG) && ::PG.const_defined?(:Constants) && ::PG::Constants.const_defined?(:PG_DIAG_SCHEMA_NAME)
+      # :nocov:
+        # Return a hash of information about the related PGError (or Sequel::DatabaseError that
+        # wraps a PGError), with the following entries (any of which may be +nil+):
+        #
+        # :schema :: The schema name related to the error
+        # :table :: The table name related to the error
+        # :column :: the column name related to the error
+        # :constraint :: The constraint name related to the error
+        # :type :: The datatype name related to the error
+        # :severity :: The severity of the error (e.g. "ERROR")
+        # :sql_state :: The SQL state code related to the error
+        # :message_primary :: A single line message related to the error
+        # :message_detail :: Any detail supplementing the primary message
+        # :message_hint :: Possible suggestion about how to fix the problem
+        # :statement_position :: Character offset in statement submitted by client where error occurred (starting at 1)
+        # :internal_position :: Character offset in internal statement where error occurred (starting at 1)
+        # :internal_query :: Text of internally-generated statement where error occurred
+        # :source_file :: PostgreSQL source file where the error occurred
+        # :source_line :: Line number of PostgreSQL source file where the error occurred
+        # :source_function :: Function in PostgreSQL source file where the error occurred
+        #
+        # This requires a PostgreSQL 9.3+ server and 9.3+ client library,
+        # and ruby-pg 0.16.0+ to be supported.
+        def error_info(e)
+          e = e.wrapped_exception if e.is_a?(DatabaseError)
+          r = e.result
+          {
+            :schema => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_SCHEMA_NAME),
+            :table => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME),
+            :column => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_COLUMN_NAME),
+            :constraint => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_CONSTRAINT_NAME),
+            :type => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_DATATYPE_NAME),
+            :severity => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_SEVERITY),
+            :sql_state => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE),
+            :message_primary => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_PRIMARY),
+            :message_detail => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_DETAIL),
+            :message_hint => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_HINT),
+            :statement_position => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION),
+            :internal_position => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_POSITION),
+            :internal_query => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY),
+            :source_file => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FILE),
+            :source_line => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_SOURCE_LINE),
+            :source_function => r.error_field(::PG::PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FUNCTION)
+          }
+        end
+      end
+      
+      def execute(sql, opts=OPTS, &block)
+        synchronize(opts[:server]){|conn| check_database_errors{_execute(conn, sql, opts, &block)}}
+      end
+
+      # :nocov:
+      if USES_PG
+      # :nocov:
+        # +copy_table+ uses PostgreSQL's +COPY TO STDOUT+ SQL statement to return formatted
+        # results directly to the caller.  This method is only supported if pg is the
+        # underlying ruby driver.  This method should only be called if you want
+        # results returned to the client.  If you are using +COPY TO+
+        # with a filename, you should just use +run+ instead of this method.
+        #
+        # The table argument supports the following types:
+        #
+        # String :: Uses the first argument directly as literal SQL. If you are using
+        #           a version of PostgreSQL before 9.0, you will probably want to
+        #           use a string if you are using any options at all, as the syntax
+        #           Sequel uses for options is only compatible with PostgreSQL 9.0+.
+        #           This should be the full COPY statement passed to PostgreSQL, not
+        #           just the SELECT query.  If a string is given, the :format and
+        #           :options options are ignored.
+        # Dataset :: Uses a query instead of a table name when copying.
+        # other :: Uses a table name (usually a symbol) when copying.
+        # 
+        # The following options are respected:
+        #
+        # :format :: The format to use.  text is the default, so this should be :csv or :binary.
+        # :options :: An options SQL string to use, which should contain comma separated options.
+        # :server :: The server on which to run the query.
+        #
+        # If a block is provided, the method continually yields to the block, one yield
+        # per row.  If a block is not provided, a single string is returned with all
+        # of the data.
+        def copy_table(table, opts=OPTS)
+          synchronize(opts[:server]) do |conn|
+            conn.execute(copy_table_sql(table, opts))
+            begin
+              if defined?(yield)
+                while buf = conn.get_copy_data
+                  yield buf
+                end
+                b = nil
+              else
+                b = String.new
+                b << buf while buf = conn.get_copy_data
+              end
+
+              res = conn.get_last_result
+              if !res || res.result_status != 1
+                raise PG::NotAllCopyDataRetrieved, "Not all COPY data retrieved"
+              end
+
+              b
+            rescue => e
+              raise_error(e, :disconnect=>true)
+            ensure
+              if buf && !e
+                raise DatabaseDisconnectError, "disconnecting as a partial COPY may leave the connection in an unusable state"
+              end
+            end
+          end 
+        end
+
+        # +copy_into+ uses PostgreSQL's +COPY FROM STDIN+ SQL statement to do very fast inserts 
+        # into a table using input preformatting in either CSV or PostgreSQL text format.
+        # This method is only supported if pg 0.14.0+ is the underlying ruby driver.
+        # This method should only be called if you want
+        # results returned to the client.  If you are using +COPY FROM+
+        # with a filename, you should just use +run+ instead of this method.
+        #
+        # The following options are respected:
+        #
+        # :columns :: The columns to insert into, with the same order as the columns in the
+        #             input data.  If this isn't given, uses all columns in the table.
+        # :data :: The data to copy to PostgreSQL, which should already be in CSV or PostgreSQL
+        #          text format.  This can be either a string, or any object that responds to
+        #          each and yields string.
+        # :format :: The format to use.  text is the default, so this should be :csv or :binary.
+        # :options :: An options SQL string to use, which should contain comma separated options.
+        # :server :: The server on which to run the query.
+        #
+        # If a block is provided and :data option is not, this will yield to the block repeatedly.
+        # The block should return a string, or nil to signal that it is finished.
+        def copy_into(table, opts=OPTS)
+          data = opts[:data]
+          data = Array(data) if data.is_a?(String)
+
+          if defined?(yield) && data
+            raise Error, "Cannot provide both a :data option and a block to copy_into"
+          elsif !defined?(yield) && !data
+            raise Error, "Must provide either a :data option or a block to copy_into"
+          end
+
+          synchronize(opts[:server]) do |conn|
+            conn.execute(copy_into_sql(table, opts))
+            begin
+              if defined?(yield)
+                while buf = yield
+                  conn.put_copy_data(buf)
+                end
+              else
+                data.each{|buff| conn.put_copy_data(buff)}
+              end
+            rescue Exception => e
+              conn.put_copy_end("ruby exception occurred while copying data into PostgreSQL")
+            ensure
+              conn.put_copy_end unless e
+              while res = conn.get_result
+                raise e if e
+                check_database_errors{res.check}
+              end
+            end
+          end 
+        end
+
+        # Listens on the given channel (or multiple channels if channel is an array), waiting for notifications.
+        # After a notification is received, or the timeout has passed, stops listening to the channel. Options:
+        #
+        # :after_listen :: An object that responds to +call+ that is called with the underlying connection after the LISTEN
+        #                  statement is sent, but before the connection starts waiting for notifications.
+        # :loop :: Whether to continually wait for notifications, instead of just waiting for a single
+        #          notification. If this option is given, a block must be provided.  If this object responds to +call+, it is
+        #          called with the underlying connection after each notification is received (after the block is called).
+        #          If a :timeout option is used, and a callable object is given, the object will also be called if the
+        #          timeout expires.  If :loop is used and you want to stop listening, you can either break from inside the
+        #          block given to #listen, or you can throw :stop from inside the :loop object's call method or the block.
+        # :server :: The server on which to listen, if the sharding support is being used.
+        # :timeout :: How long to wait for a notification, in seconds (can provide a float value for fractional seconds).
+        #             If this object responds to +call+, it will be called and should return the number of seconds to wait.
+        #             If the loop option is also specified, the object will be called on each iteration to obtain a new
+        #             timeout value.  If not given or nil, waits indefinitely.
+        #
+        # This method is only supported if pg is used as the underlying ruby driver.  It returns the
+        # channel the notification was sent to (as a string), unless :loop was used, in which case it returns nil.
+        # If a block is given, it is yielded 3 arguments:
+        # * the channel the notification was sent to (as a string)
+        # * the backend pid of the notifier (as an integer),
+        # * and the payload of the notification (as a string or nil).
+        def listen(channels, opts=OPTS, &block)
+          check_database_errors do
+            synchronize(opts[:server]) do |conn|
+              begin
+                channels = Array(channels)
+                channels.each do |channel|
+                  sql = "LISTEN ".dup
+                  dataset.send(:identifier_append, sql, channel)
+                  conn.execute(sql)
+                end
+                opts[:after_listen].call(conn) if opts[:after_listen]
+                timeout = opts[:timeout]
+                if timeout
+                  timeout_block = timeout.respond_to?(:call) ? timeout : proc{timeout}
+                end
+
+                if l = opts[:loop]
+                  raise Error, 'calling #listen with :loop requires a block' unless block
+                  loop_call = l.respond_to?(:call)
+                  catch(:stop) do
+                    while true
+                      t = timeout_block ? [timeout_block.call] : []
+                      conn.wait_for_notify(*t, &block)
+                      l.call(conn) if loop_call
+                    end
+                  end
+                  nil
+                else
+                  t = timeout_block ? [timeout_block.call] : []
+                  conn.wait_for_notify(*t, &block)
+                end
+              ensure
+                conn.execute("UNLISTEN *")
+                true while conn.wait_for_notify(0)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Execute the given SQL string or prepared statement on the connection object.
+      def _execute(conn, sql, opts, &block)
+        if sql.is_a?(Symbol)
+          execute_prepared_statement(conn, sql, opts, &block)
+        else
+          conn.execute(sql, opts[:arguments], &block)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Execute the prepared statement name with the given arguments on the connection.
+      def _execute_prepared_statement(conn, ps_name, args, opts)
+        conn.exec_prepared(ps_name, args)
+      end
+
+      # Add the primary_keys and primary_key_sequences instance variables,
+      # so we can get the correct return values for inserted rows.
+      def adapter_initialize
+        @use_iso_date_format = typecast_value_boolean(@opts.fetch(:use_iso_date_format, true))
+        initialize_postgres_adapter
+        # :nocov:
+        add_conversion_proc(17, method(:unescape_bytea)) if USES_PG
+        add_conversion_proc(1082, TYPE_TRANSLATOR_DATE) if @use_iso_date_format
+        # :nocov:
+        self.convert_infinite_timestamps = @opts[:convert_infinite_timestamps]
+      end
+
+      # Convert exceptions raised from the block into DatabaseErrors.
+      def check_database_errors
+        yield
+      rescue => e
+        raise_error(e, :classes=>database_error_classes)
+      end
+      # Set the DateStyle to ISO if configured, for faster date parsing.
+      def connection_configuration_sqls(opts=@opts)
+        sqls = super
+        # :nocov:
+        sqls << "SET DateStyle = 'ISO'" if @use_iso_date_format
+        # :nocov:
+        sqls
+      end
+
+      # :nocov:
+      if USES_PG
+        def unescape_bytea(s)
+          ::Sequel::SQL::Blob.new(Adapter.unescape_bytea(s))
+        end
+      end
+      # :nocov:
+
+      DATABASE_ERROR_CLASSES = [PGError].freeze
+      def database_error_classes
+        DATABASE_ERROR_CLASSES
+      end
+
+      def disconnect_error?(exception, opts)
+        super ||
+          Adapter::DISCONNECT_ERROR_CLASSES.any?{|klass| exception.is_a?(klass)} ||
+          exception.message =~ Adapter::DISCONNECT_ERROR_RE
+      end
+
+      def database_exception_sqlstate(exception, opts)
+        # :nocov:
+        if exception.respond_to?(:result) && (result = exception.result)
+        # :nocov:
+          result.error_field(PGresult::PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE)
+        end
+      end
+
+      def dataset_class_default
+        Dataset
+      end
+
+      # Execute the prepared statement with the given name on an available
+      # connection, using the given args.  If the connection has not prepared
+      # a statement with the given name yet, prepare it.  If the connection
+      # has prepared a statement with the same name and different SQL,
+      # deallocate that statement first and then prepare this statement.
+      # If a block is given, yield the result, otherwise, return the number
+      # of rows changed.
+      def execute_prepared_statement(conn, name, opts=OPTS, &block)
+        ps = prepared_statement(name)
+        sql = ps.prepared_sql
+        ps_name = name.to_s
+
+        if args = opts[:arguments]
+          args = args.map{|arg| bound_variable_arg(arg, conn)}
+        end
+
+        unless conn.prepared_statements[ps_name] == sql
+          conn.execute("DEALLOCATE #{ps_name}") if conn.prepared_statements.include?(ps_name)
+          conn.check_disconnect_errors{log_connection_yield("PREPARE #{ps_name} AS #{sql}", conn){conn.prepare(ps_name, sql)}}
+          conn.prepared_statements[ps_name] = sql
+        end
+
+        log_sql = "EXECUTE #{ps_name}"
+        if ps.log_sql
+          log_sql += " ("
+          log_sql << sql
+          log_sql << ")"
+        end
+
+        q = conn.check_disconnect_errors{log_connection_yield(log_sql, conn, args){_execute_prepared_statement(conn, ps_name, args, opts)}}
+        begin
+          defined?(yield) ? yield(q) : q.cmd_tuples
+        ensure
+          q.clear if q && q.respond_to?(:clear)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Don't log, since logging is done by the underlying connection.
+      def log_connection_execute(conn, sql)
+        conn.execute(sql)
+      end
+
+      def rollback_transaction(conn, opts=OPTS)
+        super unless conn.transaction_status == 0
+      end
+    end
+    
+    class Dataset < Sequel::Dataset
+      include Sequel::Postgres::DatasetMethods
+
+      def fetch_rows(sql)
+        return cursor_fetch_rows(sql){|h| yield h} if @opts[:cursor]
+        execute(sql){|res| yield_hash_rows(res, fetch_rows_set_cols(res)){|h| yield h}}
+      end
+      
+      # Use a cursor for paging.
+      def paged_each(opts=OPTS, &block)
+        unless defined?(yield)
+          return enum_for(:paged_each, opts)
+        end
+        use_cursor(opts).each(&block)
+      end
+
+      # Uses a cursor for fetching records, instead of fetching the entire result
+      # set at once.  Note this uses a transaction around the cursor usage by
+      # default and can be changed using `hold: true` as described below.
+      # Cursors can be used to process large datasets without holding all rows
+      # in memory (which is what the underlying drivers may do by default).
+      # Options:
+      #
+      # :cursor_name :: The name assigned to the cursor (default 'sequel_cursor').
+      #                 Nested cursors require different names.
+      # :hold :: Declare the cursor WITH HOLD and don't use transaction around the
+      #          cursor usage.
+      # :rows_per_fetch :: The number of rows per fetch (default 1000).  Higher
+      #                    numbers result in fewer queries but greater memory use.
+      # :skip_transaction :: Same as :hold, but :hold takes priority.
+      #
+      # Usage:
+      #
+      #   DB[:huge_table].use_cursor.each{|row| p row}
+      #   DB[:huge_table].use_cursor(rows_per_fetch: 10000).each{|row| p row}
+      #   DB[:huge_table].use_cursor(cursor_name: 'my_cursor').each{|row| p row}      
+      #
+      # This is untested with the prepared statement/bound variable support,
+      # and unlikely to work with either.
+      def use_cursor(opts=OPTS)
+        clone(:cursor=>{:rows_per_fetch=>1000}.merge!(opts))
+      end
+
+      # Replace the WHERE clause with one that uses CURRENT OF with the given
+      # cursor name (or the default cursor name).  This allows you to update a
+      # large dataset by updating individual rows while processing the dataset
+      # via a cursor:
+      #
+      #   DB[:huge_table].use_cursor(rows_per_fetch: 1).each do |row|
+      #     DB[:huge_table].where_current_of.update(column: ruby_method(row))
+      #   end
+      def where_current_of(cursor_name='sequel_cursor')
+        clone(:where=>Sequel.lit(['CURRENT OF '], Sequel.identifier(cursor_name)))
+      end
+
+      # :nocov:
+      if USES_PG
+      # :nocov:
+        PREPARED_ARG_PLACEHOLDER = LiteralString.new('$').freeze
+        
+        # PostgreSQL specific argument mapper used for mapping the named
+        # argument hash to a array with numbered arguments.  Only used with
+        # the pg driver.
+        module ArgumentMapper
+          include Sequel::Dataset::ArgumentMapper
+          
+          protected
+          
+          # An array of bound variable values for this query, in the correct order.
+          def map_to_prepared_args(hash)
+            prepared_args.map{|k| hash[k.to_sym]}
+          end
+
+          private
+          
+          def prepared_arg(k)
+            y = k
+            if i = prepared_args.index(y)
+              i += 1
+            else
+              prepared_args << y
+              i = prepared_args.length
+            end
+            LiteralString.new("#{prepared_arg_placeholder}#{i}")
+          end
+        end
+
+        BindArgumentMethods = prepared_statements_module(:bind, [ArgumentMapper], %w'execute execute_dui')
+        PreparedStatementMethods = prepared_statements_module(:prepare, BindArgumentMethods, %w'execute execute_dui')
+        
+        private
+        
+        def bound_variable_modules
+          [BindArgumentMethods]
+        end
+
+        def prepared_statement_modules
+          [PreparedStatementMethods]
+        end
+
+        # PostgreSQL uses $N for placeholders instead of ?, so use a $
+        # as the placeholder.
+        def prepared_arg_placeholder
+          PREPARED_ARG_PLACEHOLDER
+        end
+      end
+      
+      private
+      
+      # Generate and execute a procedure call.
+      def call_procedure(name, args)
+        sql = String.new
+        sql << "CALL "
+        identifier_append(sql, name)
+        sql << "("
+        expression_list_append(sql, args)
+        sql << ")"
+        with_sql_first(sql)
+      end
+
+      # Use a cursor to fetch groups of records at a time, yielding them to the block.
+      def cursor_fetch_rows(sql)
+        cursor = @opts[:cursor]
+        hold = cursor.fetch(:hold){cursor[:skip_transaction]}
+        server_opts = {:server=>@opts[:server] || :read_only, :skip_transaction=>hold}
+        cursor_name = quote_identifier(cursor[:cursor_name] || 'sequel_cursor')
+        rows_per_fetch = cursor[:rows_per_fetch].to_i
+
+        db.transaction(server_opts) do 
+          begin
+            execute_ddl("DECLARE #{cursor_name} NO SCROLL CURSOR WITH#{'OUT' unless hold} HOLD FOR #{sql}", server_opts)
+            rows_per_fetch = 1000 if rows_per_fetch <= 0
+            fetch_sql = "FETCH FORWARD #{rows_per_fetch} FROM #{cursor_name}"
+            cols = nil
+            # Load columns only in the first fetch, so subsequent fetches are faster
+            execute(fetch_sql) do |res|
+              cols = fetch_rows_set_cols(res)
+              yield_hash_rows(res, cols){|h| yield h}
+              return if res.ntuples < rows_per_fetch
+            end
+            while true
+              execute(fetch_sql) do |res|
+                yield_hash_rows(res, cols){|h| yield h}
+                return if res.ntuples < rows_per_fetch
+              end
+            end
+          rescue Exception => e
+            raise
+          ensure
+            begin
+              execute_ddl("CLOSE #{cursor_name}", server_opts)
+            rescue
+              raise e if e
+              raise
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      
+      # Set the columns based on the result set, and return the array of
+      # field numers, type conversion procs, and name symbol arrays.
+      def fetch_rows_set_cols(res)
+        cols = []
+        procs = db.conversion_procs
+        res.nfields.times do |fieldnum|
+          cols << [procs[res.ftype(fieldnum)], output_identifier(res.fname(fieldnum))]
+        end
+        self.columns = cols.map{|c| c[1]}
+        cols
+      end
+      
+      # Use the driver's escape_bytea
+      def literal_blob_append(sql, v)
+        sql << "'" << db.synchronize(@opts[:server]){|c| c.escape_bytea(v)} << "'"
+      end
+      
+      # Use the driver's escape_string
+      def literal_string_append(sql, v)
+        sql << "'" << db.synchronize(@opts[:server]){|c| c.escape_string(v)} << "'"
+      end
+      
+      # For each row in the result set, yield a hash with column name symbol
+      # keys and typecasted values.
+      def yield_hash_rows(res, cols)
+        ntuples = res.ntuples
+        recnum = 0
+        while recnum < ntuples
+          fieldnum = 0
+          nfields = cols.length
+          converted_rec = {}
+          while fieldnum < nfields
+            type_proc, fieldsym = cols[fieldnum]
+            value = res.getvalue(recnum, fieldnum)
+            converted_rec[fieldsym] = (value && type_proc) ? type_proc.call(value) : value
+            fieldnum += 1 
+          end
+          yield converted_rec
+          recnum += 1
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+# :nocov:
+if Sequel::Postgres::USES_PG && !ENV['NO_SEQUEL_PG']
+  begin
+    require 'sequel_pg'
+    if defined?(Gem) &&
+       (sequel_pg_spec = Gem.loaded_specs['sequel_pg'] rescue nil) &&
+       (sequel_pg_spec.version < Gem::Version.new('1.6.17'))
+        raise Sequel::Error, "the installed sequel_pg is too old, please update to at least sequel_pg-1.6.17"
+    end
+  rescue LoadError
+  end
+end
+# :nocov: