sequel 5.44.0 → 5.48.0

data/lib/sequel/model/errors.rb

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ module Sequel
       def full_messages
         inject([]) do |m, kv| 
           att, errors = *kv
-          errors.each {|e| m << (e.is_a?(LiteralString) ? e : "#{Array(att).join(' and ')} #{e}")}
+          errors.each {|e| m << (e.is_a?(LiteralString) ? e : full_message(att, e))}
           m
         end
       end
@@ -53,6 +53,15 @@ module Sequel
           v
         end
       end
+
+      private
+
+      # Create full error message to use for the given attribute (or array of attributes)
+      # and error message. This can be overridden for easier internalization.
+      def full_message(att, error_msg)
+        att = att.join(' and ') if att.is_a?(Array)
+        "#{att} #{error_msg}"
+      end
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/sequel/plugins/auto_validations_constraint_validations_presence_message.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# frozen-string-literal: true
+
+module Sequel
+  module Plugins
+    # The auto_validations_constraint_validations_presence_message plugin provides
+    # integration for the auto_validations and constraint_validations plugins in
+    # the following situation:
+    #
+    # * A column has a NOT NULL constraint in the database
+    # * A constraint validation for presence exists on the column, with a :message
+    #   option to set a column-specific message, and with the :allow_nil option set
+    #   to true because the CHECK constraint doesn't need to check for NULL values
+    #   as the column itself is NOT NULL
+    # 
+    # In this case, by default the validation error message on the column will
+    # use the more specific constraint validation error message if the column
+    # has a non-NULL empty value, but will use the default auto_validations
+    # message if the column has a NULL value.  With this plugin, the column-specific
+    # constraint validation error message will be used in both cases.
+    #
+    # Usage:
+    #
+    #   # Make all model subclasses use this auto_validations/constraint_validations
+    #   # integration (called before loading subclasses)
+    #   Sequel::Model.plugin :auto_validations_constraint_validations_presence_message
+    #
+    #   # Make the Album class use this auto_validations/constraint_validations integration
+    #   Album.plugin :auto_validations_constraint_validations_presence_message
+    module AutoValidationsConstraintValidationsPresenceMessage
+      def self.apply(model)
+        model.plugin :auto_validations
+        model.plugin :constraint_validations
+      end
+
+      def self.configure(model, opts=OPTS)
+        model.send(:_adjust_auto_validations_constraint_validations_presence_message)
+      end
+
+      module ClassMethods
+        Plugins.after_set_dataset(self, :_adjust_auto_validations_constraint_validations_presence_message)
+
+        private
+
+        def _adjust_auto_validations_constraint_validations_presence_message
+          if @dataset &&
+             !@auto_validate_options[:not_null][:message] &&
+             !@auto_validate_options[:explicit_not_null][:message]
+
+            @constraint_validations.each do |array|
+              meth, column, opts = array
+
+              if meth == :validates_presence &&
+                 opts &&
+                 opts[:message] &&
+                 opts[:allow_nil] &&
+                 (@auto_validate_not_null_columns.include?(column) || @auto_validate_explicit_not_null_columns.include?(column))
+
+                @auto_validate_not_null_columns.delete(column)
+                @auto_validate_explicit_not_null_columns.delete(column)
+                array[2] = array[2].merge(:allow_nil=>false)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/sequel/plugins/many_through_many.rb

@@ -123,16 +123,25 @@ module Sequel
           nil
         end
 
+        # Whether a separate query should be used for each join table.
+        def separate_query_per_table?
+          self[:separate_query_per_table]
+        end
+
         private
 
         def _associated_dataset
           ds = associated_class
-          (reverse_edges + [final_reverse_edge]).each do |t|
-            h = {:qualify=>:deep}
-            if t[:alias] != t[:table]
-              h[:table_alias] = t[:alias]
+          if separate_query_per_table?
+            ds = ds.dataset
+          else
+            (reverse_edges + [final_reverse_edge]).each do |t|
+              h = {:qualify=>:deep}
+              if t[:alias] != t[:table]
+                h[:table_alias] = t[:alias]
+              end
+              ds = ds.join(t[:table], Array(t[:left]).zip(Array(t[:right])), h)
             end
-            ds = ds.join(t[:table], Array(t[:left]).zip(Array(t[:right])), h)
           end
           ds
         end
@@ -208,6 +217,7 @@ module Sequel
         #            :right (last array element) :: The key joining the table to the next table. Can use an
         #                                           array of symbols for a composite key association.
         #            If a hash is provided, the following keys are respected when using eager_graph:
+        #            :db :: The Database containing the table.  This changes lookup to use a separate query for each join table.
         #            :block :: A proc to use as the block argument to join.
         #            :conditions :: Extra conditions to add to the JOIN ON clause.  Must be a hash or array of two pairs.
         #            :join_type :: The join type to use for the join, defaults to :left_outer.
@@ -233,32 +243,121 @@ module Sequel
             opts[:after_load].unshift(:array_uniq!)
           end
           opts[:cartesian_product_number] ||= one_through_many ? 0 : 2
-          opts[:through] = opts[:through].map do |e|
+          separate_query_per_table = false
+          through = opts[:through] = opts[:through].map do |e|
             case e
             when Array
               raise(Error, "array elements of the through option/argument for many_through_many associations must have at least three elements") unless e.length == 3
               {:table=>e[0], :left=>e[1], :right=>e[2]}
             when Hash
               raise(Error, "hash elements of the through option/argument for many_through_many associations must contain :table, :left, and :right keys") unless e[:table] && e[:left] && e[:right]
+              separate_query_per_table = true if e[:db]
               e
             else
               raise(Error, "the through option/argument for many_through_many associations must be an enumerable of arrays or hashes")
             end
           end
+          opts[:separate_query_per_table] = separate_query_per_table
 
           left_key = opts[:left_key] = opts[:through].first[:left]
           opts[:left_keys] = Array(left_key)
-          opts[:uses_left_composite_keys] = left_key.is_a?(Array)
+          uses_lcks = opts[:uses_left_composite_keys] = left_key.is_a?(Array)
           left_pk = (opts[:left_primary_key] ||= self.primary_key)
           raise(Error, "no primary key specified for #{inspect}") unless left_pk
           opts[:eager_loader_key] = left_pk unless opts.has_key?(:eager_loader_key)
           opts[:left_primary_keys] = Array(left_pk)
           lpkc = opts[:left_primary_key_column] ||= left_pk
           lpkcs = opts[:left_primary_key_columns] ||= Array(lpkc)
-          opts[:dataset] ||= opts.association_dataset_proc
 
           opts[:left_key_alias] ||= opts.default_associated_key_alias
-          opts[:eager_loader] ||= opts.method(:default_eager_loader)
+          if separate_query_per_table
+            opts[:use_placeholder_loader] = false
+            opts[:allow_eager_graph] = false
+            opts[:allow_filtering_by] = false
+            opts[:eager_limit_strategy] = nil
+
+            opts[:dataset] ||= proc do |r|
+              def_db = r.associated_class.db
+              vals = uses_lcks ? [lpkcs.map{|k| get_column_value(k)}] : get_column_value(left_pk)
+
+              has_results = through.each do |edge|
+                ds = (edge[:db] || def_db).from(edge[:table]).where(edge[:left]=>vals)
+                ds = ds.where(edge[:conditions]) if edge[:conditions]
+                right = edge[:right]
+                vals = ds.select_map(right)
+                if right.is_a?(Array)
+                  vals.delete_if{|v| v.any?(&:nil?)}
+                else
+                  vals.delete(nil)
+                end
+                break if vals.empty?
+              end
+
+              ds = r.associated_dataset.where(opts.right_primary_key=>vals)
+              ds = ds.clone(:no_results=>true) unless has_results
+              ds
+            end
+            opts[:eager_loader] ||= proc do |eo|
+              h = eo[:id_map]
+              assign_singular = opts.assign_singular?
+              uses_rcks = opts.right_primary_key.is_a?(Array)
+              rpk = uses_rcks ? opts.right_primary_keys : opts.right_primary_key
+              name = opts[:name]
+              def_db = opts.associated_class.db
+              join_map = h
+
+              run_query = through.each do |edge|
+                ds = (edge[:db] || def_db).from(edge[:table])
+                ds = ds.where(edge[:conditions]) if edge[:conditions]
+                left = edge[:left]
+                right = edge[:right]
+                prev_map = join_map
+                join_map = ds.where(left=>join_map.keys).select_hash_groups(right, left)
+                if right.is_a?(Array)
+                  join_map.delete_if{|v,| v.any?(&:nil?)}
+                else
+                  join_map.delete(nil)
+                end
+                break if join_map.empty?
+                join_map.each_value do |vs|
+                  vs.replace(vs.flat_map{|v| prev_map[v]})
+                  vs.uniq!
+                end
+              end
+
+              eo = Hash[eo]
+
+              if run_query
+                eo[:loader] = false
+                eo[:right_keys] = join_map.keys
+              else
+                eo[:no_results] = true
+              end
+
+              opts[:model].eager_load_results(opts, eo) do |assoc_record|
+                rpkv = if uses_rcks
+                  assoc_record.values.values_at(*rpk)
+                else
+                  assoc_record.values[rpk]
+                end
+
+                objects = join_map[rpkv]
+
+                if assign_singular
+                  objects.each do |object|
+                    object.associations[name] ||= assoc_record
+                  end
+                else
+                  objects.each do |object|
+                    object.associations[name].push(assoc_record)
+                  end
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          else
+            opts[:dataset] ||= opts.association_dataset_proc
+            opts[:eager_loader] ||= opts.method(:default_eager_loader)
+          end
 
           join_type = opts[:graph_join_type]
           select = opts[:graph_select]

data/lib/sequel/plugins/pg_array_associations.rb

@@ -384,26 +384,32 @@ module Sequel
           save_opts = {:validate=>opts[:validate]}
           save_opts[:raise_on_failure] = opts[:raise_on_save_failure] != false
 
-          opts[:adder] ||= proc do |o|
-            if array = o.get_column_value(key)
-              array << get_column_value(pk)
-            else
-              o.set_column_value("#{key}=", Sequel.pg_array([get_column_value(pk)], opts.array_type))
+          unless opts.has_key?(:adder)
+            opts[:adder] = proc do |o|
+              if array = o.get_column_value(key)
+                array << get_column_value(pk)
+              else
+                o.set_column_value("#{key}=", Sequel.pg_array([get_column_value(pk)], opts.array_type))
+              end
+              o.save(save_opts)
             end
-            o.save(save_opts)
           end
-  
-          opts[:remover] ||= proc do |o|
-            if (array = o.get_column_value(key)) && !array.empty?
-              array.delete(get_column_value(pk))
-              o.save(save_opts)
+    
+          unless opts.has_key?(:remover)
+            opts[:remover] = proc do |o|
+              if (array = o.get_column_value(key)) && !array.empty?
+                array.delete(get_column_value(pk))
+                o.save(save_opts)
+              end
             end
           end
 
-          opts[:clearer] ||= proc do
-            pk_value = get_column_value(pk)
-            db_type = opts.array_type
-            opts.associated_dataset.where(Sequel.pg_array_op(key).contains(Sequel.pg_array([pk_value], db_type))).update(key=>Sequel.function(:array_remove, key, Sequel.cast(pk_value, db_type)))
+          unless opts.has_key?(:clearer)
+            opts[:clearer] = proc do
+              pk_value = get_column_value(pk)
+              db_type = opts.array_type
+              opts.associated_dataset.where(Sequel.pg_array_op(key).contains(Sequel.pg_array([pk_value], db_type))).update(key=>Sequel.function(:array_remove, key, Sequel.cast(pk_value, db_type)))
+            end
           end
         end
 
@@ -486,30 +492,36 @@ module Sequel
             end
           end
 
-          opts[:adder] ||= proc do |o|
-            opk = o.get_column_value(opts.primary_key) 
-            if array = get_column_value(key)
-              modified!(key)
-              array << opk
-            else
-              set_column_value("#{key}=", Sequel.pg_array([opk], opts.array_type))
+          unless opts.has_key?(:adder)
+            opts[:adder] = proc do |o|
+              opk = o.get_column_value(opts.primary_key) 
+              if array = get_column_value(key)
+                modified!(key)
+                array << opk
+              else
+                set_column_value("#{key}=", Sequel.pg_array([opk], opts.array_type))
+              end
+              save_after_modify.call(self) if save_after_modify
             end
-            save_after_modify.call(self) if save_after_modify
           end
-  
-          opts[:remover] ||= proc do |o|
-            if (array = get_column_value(key)) && !array.empty?
-              modified!(key)
-              array.delete(o.get_column_value(opts.primary_key))
-              save_after_modify.call(self) if save_after_modify
+    
+          unless opts.has_key?(:remover)
+            opts[:remover] = proc do |o|
+              if (array = get_column_value(key)) && !array.empty?
+                modified!(key)
+                array.delete(o.get_column_value(opts.primary_key))
+                save_after_modify.call(self) if save_after_modify
+              end
             end
           end
 
-          opts[:clearer] ||= proc do
-            if (array = get_column_value(key)) && !array.empty?
-              modified!(key)
-              array.clear
-              save_after_modify.call(self) if save_after_modify
+          unless opts.has_key?(:clearer)
+            opts[:clearer] = proc do
+              if (array = get_column_value(key)) && !array.empty?
+                modified!(key)
+                array.clear
+                save_after_modify.call(self) if save_after_modify
+              end
             end
           end
         end

data/lib/sequel/plugins/prepared_statements.rb

@@ -169,8 +169,17 @@ module Sequel
           end
 
           case type
-          when :insert, :insert_select, :update
+          when :insert, :update
             true
+          when :insert_select
+            # SQLite RETURNING support has a bug that doesn't allow for committing transactions
+            # when a prepared statement with RETURNING has been used on the connection:
+            #
+            #   SQLite3::BusyException: cannot commit transaction - SQL statements in progress: COMMIT
+            #
+            # Disabling usage of prepared statements for insert_select on SQLite seems to be the
+            # simplest way to workaround the problem.
+            db.database_type != :sqlite
           # :nocov:
           when :delete, :refresh
             Sequel::Deprecation.deprecate("The :delete and :refresh prepared statement types", "There should be no need to check if these types are supported")

data/lib/sequel/plugins/timestamps.rb

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ module Sequel
     #
     #   # Timestamp Artist instances, forcing an overwrite of the create
     #   # timestamp, and setting the update timestamp when creating
-    #   Album.plugin :timestamps, force: true, update_on_create: true
+    #   Artist.plugin :timestamps, force: true, update_on_create: true
     module Timestamps
       # Configure the plugin by setting the available options.  Note that
       # if this method is run more than once, previous settings are ignored,

data/lib/sequel/plugins/unused_associations.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+# frozen-string-literal: true
+
+# :nocov:
+
+# This entire file is excluded from coverage testing.  This is because it
+# requires coverage testing to work, and if you've already loaded Sequel
+# without enabling coverage, then coverage testing won't work correctly
+# for methods defined by Sequel.
+#
+# While automated coverage testing is disabled, manual coverage testing
+# was used during spec development to make sure this code is 100% covered.
+
+if RUBY_VERSION < '2.5'
+  raise LoadError, "The Sequel unused_associations plugin depends on Ruby 2.5+ method coverage"
+end
+
+require 'coverage'
+require 'json'
+
+module Sequel
+  module Plugins
+    # The unused_associations plugin detects which model associations are not
+    # used and can be removed, and which model association methods are not used
+    # and can skip being defined. The advantage of removing unused associations
+    # and unused association methods is decreased memory usage, since each
+    # method defined takes memory and adds more work for the garbage collector.
+    #
+    # In order to detect which associations are used, this relies on the method
+    # coverage support added in Ruby 2.5. To allow flexibility to override
+    # association methods, the association methods that Sequel defines are
+    # defined in a module included in the class instead of directly in the
+    # class.  Unfortunately, that makes it difficult to directly use the
+    # coverage data to find unused associations. The advantage of this plugin
+    # is that it is able to figure out from the coverage information whether
+    # the association methods Sequel defines are actually used.
+    #
+    # = Basic Usage
+    #
+    # The expected usage of the unused_associations plugin is to load it
+    # into the base class for models in your application, which will often
+    # be Sequel::Model:
+    # 
+    #   Sequel::Model.plugin :unused_associations
+    #
+    # Then you run your test suite with method coverage enabled, passing the
+    # coverage result to +update_associations_coverage+.
+    # +update_associations_coverage+ returns a data structure containing
+    # method coverage information for all subclasses of the base class.
+    # You can pass the coverage information to
+    # +update_unused_associations_data+, which will return a data structure
+    # with information on unused associations.
+    #
+    #   require 'coverage'
+    #   Coverage.start(methods: true)
+    #   # load sequel after starting coverage, then run your tests
+    #   cov_data = Sequel::Model.update_associations_coverage
+    #   unused_associations_data = Sequel::Model.update_unused_associations_data(coverage_data: cov_data)
+    #
+    # You can take that unused association data and pass it to the
+    # +unused_associations+ method to get a array of information on
+    # associations which have not been used.  Each entry in the array
+    # will contain a class name and association name for each unused
+    # association, both as a string:
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.unused_associations(unused_associations_data: unused_associations_data)
+    #   # => [["Class1", "assoc1"], ...]
+    #
+    # You can use the output of the +unused_associations+ method to determine
+    # which associations are not used at all in your application, and can
+    # be eliminiated.
+    #
+    # You can also take that unused association data and pass it to the
+    # +unused_association_options+ method, which will return an array of
+    # information on associations which are used, but have related methods
+    # defined that are not used. The first two entries in each array are
+    # the class name and association name as a string, and the third
+    # entry is a hash of association options:
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.unused_association_options(unused_associations_data: unused_associations_data)
+    #   # => [["Class2", "assoc2", {:read_only=>true}], ...]
+    #
+    # You can use the output of the +unused_association_options+ to
+    # find out which association options can be provided when defining
+    # the association so that the association method will not define
+    # methods that are not used.
+    #
+    # = Combining Coverage Results
+    #
+    # It is common to want to combine results from multiple separate
+    # coverage runs.  For example, if you have multiple test suites
+    # for your application, one for model or unit tests and one for
+    # web or integration tests, you would want to combine the
+    # coverage information from all test suites before determining
+    # that the associations are not used.
+    #
+    # The unused_associations plugin supports combining multiple
+    # coverage results using the :coverage_file plugin option:
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.plugin :unused_associations,
+    #     coverage_file: 'unused_associations_coverage.json'
+    #
+    # With the coverage file option, +update_associations_coverage+
+    # will look in the given file for existing coverage information,
+    # if it exists.  If the file exists, the data from it will be
+    # merged with the coverage result passed to the method.
+    # Before returning, the coverage file will be updated with the
+    # merged result.  When using the :coverage_file plugin option,
+    # you can each of your test suites update the coverage
+    # information:
+    #
+    #   require 'coverage'
+    #   Coverage.start(methods: true)
+    #   # run this test suite
+    #   Sequel::Model.update_associations_coverage
+    #
+    # After all test suites have been run, you can run
+    # +update_unused_associations_data+, without an argument:
+    #
+    #   unused_associations_data = Sequel::Model.update_unused_associations_data
+    #
+    # With no argument, +update_unused_associations_data+ will get
+    # the coverage data from the coverage file, and then use that
+    # to prepare the information.  You can then use the returned
+    # value the same as before to get the data on unused associations.
+    # To prevent stale coverage information, calling
+    # +update_unused_associations_data+ when using the :coverage_file
+    # plugin option will remove the coverage file by default (you can
+    # use the :keep_coverage option to prevent the deletion of the
+    # coverage file).
+    #
+    # = Automatic Usage of Unused Association Data
+    #
+    # Since it can be a pain to manually update all of your code
+    # to remove unused assocations or add options to prevent the
+    # definition of unused associations, the unused_associations
+    # plugin comes with support to take previously saved unused
+    # association data, and use it to not create unused associations,
+    # and to automatically use the appropriate options so that unused
+    # association methods are not created.
+    #
+    # To use this option, you first need to save the unused association
+    # data previously prepared.  You can do this by passing an
+    # :file option when loading the plugin.  
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.plugin :unused_associations,
+    #     file: 'unused_associations.json'
+    #
+    # With the :file option provided, you no longer need to use
+    # the return value of +update_unused_associations_data+, as
+    # the file will be updated with the information:
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.update_unused_associations_data(coverage_data: cov_data)
+    #
+    # Then, to use the saved unused associations data, add the
+    # :modify_associations plugin option:
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.plugin :unused_associations,
+    #     file: 'unused_associations.json',
+    #     modify_associations: true
+    #
+    # With the :modify_associations used, and the unused association
+    # data file is available, when subclasses attempt to create an
+    # unused association, the attempt will be ignored.  If the
+    # subclasses attempt to create an association where not
+    # all association methods are used, the plugin will automatically
+    # set the appropriate options so that the unused association
+    # methods are not defined.
+    #
+    # When you are testing which associations are used, make sure
+    # not to set the :modify_associations plugin option, or make sure
+    # that the unused associations data file does not exist.
+    #
+    # == Automatic Usage with Combined Coverage Results
+    #
+    # If you have multiple test suites and want to automatically
+    # use the unused association data, you should provide both
+    # :file and :coverage_file options when loading the plugin:
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.plugin :unused_associations,
+    #     file: 'unused_associations.json',
+    #     coverage_file: 'unused_associations_coverage.json'
+    #
+    # Then each test suite just needs to run
+    # +update_associations_coverage+ to update the coverage information:
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.update_associations_coverage
+    #
+    # After all test suites have been run, you can run
+    # +update_unused_associations_data+ to update the unused
+    # association data file (and remove the coverage file):
+    #
+    #   Sequel::Model.update_unused_associations_data
+    #
+    # Then you can add the :modify_associations plugin option to
+    # automatically use the unused association data.
+    #
+    # = Caveats
+    #
+    # Since this plugin is based on coverage information, if you do
+    # not have tests that cover all usage of associations in your
+    # application, you can end up with coverage that shows the
+    # association is not used, when it is used in code that is not
+    # covered.  The output of plugin can still be useful in such cases,
+    # as long as you are manually checking it.  However, you should
+    # avoid using the :modify_associations unless you have
+    # confidence that your tests cover all usage of associations
+    # in your application. You can specify the :is_used association
+    # option for any association that you know is used. If an
+    # association uses the :is_used association option, this plugin
+    # will not modify it if the :modify_associations option is used.
+    #
+    # This plugin does not handle anonymous classes. Any unused
+    # associations defined in anonymous classes will not be
+    # reported by this plugin.
+    #
+    # This plugin only considers the public instance methods the
+    # association defines, and direct access to the related
+    # association reflection via Sequel::Model.association_reflection
+    # to determine if the association was used.  If the association
+    # metadata was accessed another way, it's possible this plugin
+    # will show the association as unused.
+    #
+    # As this relies on the method coverage added in Ruby 2.5, it does
+    # not work on older versions of Ruby.  It also does not work on
+    # JRuby, as JRuby does not implement method coverage.
+    module UnusedAssociations
+      # Load the subclasses plugin, as the unused associations plugin
+      # is designed to handle all subclasses of the class it is loaded
+      # into.
+      def self.apply(mod, opts=OPTS)
+        mod.plugin :subclasses
+      end
+
+      # Plugin options:
+      # :coverage_file :: The file to store the coverage information,
+      #                   when combining coverage information from
+      #                   multiple test suites.
+      # :file :: The file to store and/or load the unused associations data.
+      # :modify_associations :: Whether to use the unused associations data
+      #                         to skip defining associations or association
+      #                         methods.
+      # :unused_associations_data :: The unused associations data to use if the
+      #                              :modify_associations is used (by default, the
+      #                              :modify_associations option will use the data from
+      #                              the file specified by the :file option). This is
+      #                              same data returned by the
+      #                              +update_unused_associations_data+ method.
+      def self.configure(mod, opts=OPTS)
+        mod.instance_exec do
+          @unused_associations_coverage_file = opts[:coverage_file]
+          @unused_associations_file = opts[:file]
+          @unused_associations_data = if opts[:modify_associations]
+            if opts[:unused_associations_data]
+              opts[:unused_associations_data]
+            elsif File.file?(opts[:file])
+              Sequel.parse_json(File.binread(opts[:file]))
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      module ClassMethods
+        # Only the data is copied to subclasses, to allow the :modify_associations
+        # plugin option to affect them.  The :file and :coverage_file are not copied
+        # to subclasses, as users are expected ot call methods such as
+        # unused_associations only on the class that is loading the plugin.
+        Plugins.inherited_instance_variables(self, :@unused_associations_data=>nil)
+
+        # Synchronize access to the used association reflections.
+        def used_association_reflections
+          Sequel.synchronize{@used_association_reflections ||= {}}
+        end
+
+        # Record access to association reflections to determine which associations are not used.
+        def association_reflection(association)
+          uar = used_association_reflections
+          Sequel.synchronize{uar[association] ||= true}
+          super
+        end
+
+        # If modifying associations, and this association is marked as not used,
+        # and the association does not include the specific :is_used option,
+        # skip defining the association.
+        def associate(type, assoc_name, opts=OPTS)
+          if !opts[:is_used] && @unused_associations_data && (data = @unused_associations_data[name]) && data[assoc_name.to_s] == 'unused'
+            return
+          end
+          
+          super
+        end
+
+        # Setup the used_association_reflections storage before freezing
+        def freeze
+          used_association_reflections
+          super
+        end
+
+        # Parse the coverage result, and return the coverage data for the
+        # associations for descendants of this class. If the plugin
+        # uses the :coverage_file option, the existing coverage file will be loaded
+        # if present, and before the method returns, the coverage file will be updated.
+        #
+        # Options:
+        # :coverage_result :: The coverage result to use. This defaults to +Coverage.result+.
+        def update_associations_coverage(opts=OPTS)
+          coverage_result = opts[:coverage_result] || Coverage.result
+          module_mapping = {}
+          file = @unused_associations_coverage_file
+
+          coverage_data = if file && File.file?(file)
+            Sequel.parse_json(File.binread(file))
+          else
+            {}
+          end
+
+          ([self] + descendents).each do |sc|
+            next if sc.associations.empty? || !sc.name
+            module_mapping[sc.send(:overridable_methods_module)] = sc
+            cov_data = coverage_data[sc.name] ||= {''=>[]}
+            cov_data[''].concat(sc.used_association_reflections.keys.map(&:to_s).sort).uniq!
+          end
+
+          coverage_result.each do |file, coverage|
+            coverage[:methods].each do |(mod, meth), times|
+              next unless sc = module_mapping[mod]
+              coverage_data[sc.name][meth.to_s] ||= 0
+              coverage_data[sc.name][meth.to_s] += times
+            end
+          end
+
+          if file
+            File.binwrite(file, Sequel.object_to_json(coverage_data))
+          end
+
+          coverage_data
+        end
+
+        # Parse the coverage data returned by #update_associations_coverage,
+        # and return data on unused associations and unused association methods.
+        #
+        # Options:
+        # :coverage_data :: The coverage data to use. If not given, it is taken
+        #                   from the file specified by the :coverage_file plugin option.
+        # :keep_coverage :: Do not delete the file specified by the :coverage_file plugin
+        #                   option, even if it exists.
+        def update_unused_associations_data(options=OPTS)
+          coverage_data = options[:coverage_data] || Sequel.parse_json(File.binread(@unused_associations_coverage_file))
+
+          unused_associations_data = {}
+
+          ([self] + descendents).each do |sc|
+            next unless cov_data = coverage_data[sc.name]
+            reflection_data = cov_data[''] || []
+
+            sc.association_reflections.each do |assoc, ref|
+              # Only report associations for the class they are defined in
+              next unless ref[:model] == sc
+
+              # Do not report associations using methods_module option, because this plugin only
+              # looks in the class's overridable_methods_module
+              next if ref[:methods_module]
+
+              info = {}
+              if reflection_data.include?(assoc.to_s)
+                info[:used] = [:reflection]
+              end
+
+              _update_association_coverage_info(info, cov_data, ref.dataset_method, :dataset_method)
+              _update_association_coverage_info(info, cov_data, ref.association_method, :association_method)
+
+              unless ref[:orig_opts][:read_only]
+                if ref.returns_array?
+                  _update_association_coverage_info(info, cov_data, ref[:add_method], :adder)
+                  _update_association_coverage_info(info, cov_data, ref[:remove_method], :remover)
+                  _update_association_coverage_info(info, cov_data, ref[:remove_all_method], :clearer)
+                else
+                  _update_association_coverage_info(info, cov_data, ref[:setter_method], :setter)
+                end
+              end
+
+              next if info.keys == [:missing]
+
+              if !info[:used]
+                (unused_associations_data[sc.name] ||= {})[assoc.to_s] = 'unused'
+              elsif unused = info[:unused]
+                if unused.include?(:setter) || [:adder, :remover, :clearer].all?{|k| unused.include?(k)}
+                  [:setter, :adder, :remover, :clearer].each do |k|
+                    unused.delete(k)
+                  end
+                  unused << :read_only
+                end
+                (unused_associations_data[sc.name] ||= {})[assoc.to_s] = unused.map(&:to_s)
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          if @unused_associations_file
+            File.binwrite(@unused_associations_file, Sequel.object_to_json(unused_associations_data))
+          end
+          unless options[:keep_coverage]
+            _delete_unused_associations_file(@unused_associations_coverage_file)
+          end
+
+          unused_associations_data
+        end
+
+        # Return an array of unused associations.  These are associations where none of the
+        # association methods are used, according to the coverage information.  Each entry
+        # in the array is an array of two strings, with the first string being the class name
+        # and the second string being the association name.
+        #
+        # Options:
+        # :unused_associations_data :: The data to use for determining which associations
+        #                              are unused, which is returned from
+        #                              +update_unused_associations_data+. If not given,
+        #                              loads the data from the file specified by the :file
+        #                              plugin option.
+        def unused_associations(opts=OPTS)
+          unused_associations_data = opts[:unused_associations_data] || Sequel.parse_json(File.binread(@unused_associations_file))
+
+          unused_associations = []
+          unused_associations_data.each do |sc, associations|
+            associations.each do |assoc, unused|
+              if unused == 'unused'
+                unused_associations << [sc, assoc]
+              end
+            end
+          end
+          unused_associations
+        end
+
+        # Return an array of unused association options.  These are associations some but not all
+        # of the association methods are used, according to the coverage information. Each entry
+        # in the array is an array of three elements.  The first element is the class name string,
+        # the second element is the association name string, and the third element is a hash of
+        # association options that can be used in the association so it does not define methods
+        # that are not used.
+        #
+        # Options:
+        # :unused_associations_data :: The data to use for determining which associations
+        #                              are unused, which is returned from
+        #                              +update_unused_associations_data+. If not given,
+        #                              loads the data from the file specified by the :file
+        #                              plugin option.
+        def unused_association_options(opts=OPTS)
+          unused_associations_data = opts[:unused_associations_data] || Sequel.parse_json(File.binread(@unused_associations_file))
+
+          unused_association_methods = []
+          unused_associations_data.each do |sc, associations|
+            associations.each do |assoc, unused|
+              unless unused == 'unused'
+                unused_association_methods << [sc, assoc, set_unused_options_for_association({}, unused)]
+              end
+            end
+          end
+          unused_association_methods
+        end
+
+        # Delete the unused associations coverage file and unused associations data file,
+        # if either exist.
+        def delete_unused_associations_files
+          _delete_unused_associations_file(@unused_associations_coverage_file)
+          _delete_unused_associations_file(@unused_associations_file)
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        # Delete the given file if it exists.
+        def _delete_unused_associations_file(file)
+          if file && File.file?(file)
+            File.unlink(file)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # Update the info hash with information on whether the given method was
+        # called, according to the coverage information.
+        def _update_association_coverage_info(info, coverage_data, meth, key)
+          type = case coverage_data[meth.to_s]
+          when 0
+            :unused
+          when Integer
+            :used
+          else
+            # Missing here means there is no coverage information for the
+            # the method, which indicates the expected method was never
+            # defined.  In that case, it can be ignored.
+            :missing
+          end
+
+          (info[type] ||= []) << key
+        end
+
+        # Based on the value of the unused, update the opts hash with association
+        # options that will prevent unused association methods from being
+        # defined.
+        def set_unused_options_for_association(opts, unused)
+          opts[:read_only] = true if unused.include?('read_only')
+          opts[:no_dataset_method] = true if unused.include?('dataset_method')
+          opts[:no_association_method] = true if unused.include?('association_method')
+          opts[:adder] = nil if unused.include?('adder')
+          opts[:remover] = nil if unused.include?('remover')
+          opts[:clearer] = nil if unused.include?('clearer')
+          opts
+        end
+
+        # If modifying associations, and this association has unused association
+        # methods, automatically set the appropriate options so the unused association
+        # methods are not defined, unless the association explicitly uses the :is_used
+        # options.
+        def def_association(opts)
+          if !opts[:is_used] && @unused_associations_data && (data = @unused_associations_data[name]) && (unused = data[opts[:name].to_s])
+            set_unused_options_for_association(opts, unused)
+          end
+          
+          super
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+# :nocov: