sensu-plugins-mongodb-mrtrotl 1.4.0

data/lib/pymongo/collection.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3204 @@
+# Copyright 2009-present MongoDB, Inc.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""Collection level utilities for Mongo."""
+
+from collections import abc
+from typing import (
+    TYPE_CHECKING,
+    Any,
+    Generic,
+    Iterable,
+    List,
+    Mapping,
+    MutableMapping,
+    NoReturn,
+    Optional,
+    Sequence,
+    Tuple,
+    Union,
+)
+
+from bson.codec_options import CodecOptions
+from bson.objectid import ObjectId
+from bson.raw_bson import RawBSONDocument
+from bson.son import SON
+from bson.timestamp import Timestamp
+from pymongo import ASCENDING, _csot, common, helpers, message
+from pymongo.aggregation import (
+    _CollectionAggregationCommand,
+    _CollectionRawAggregationCommand,
+)
+from pymongo.bulk import _Bulk
+from pymongo.change_stream import CollectionChangeStream
+from pymongo.collation import validate_collation_or_none
+from pymongo.command_cursor import CommandCursor, RawBatchCommandCursor
+from pymongo.common import _ecc_coll_name, _ecoc_coll_name, _esc_coll_name
+from pymongo.cursor import Cursor, RawBatchCursor
+from pymongo.errors import (
+    ConfigurationError,
+    InvalidName,
+    InvalidOperation,
+    OperationFailure,
+)
+from pymongo.helpers import _check_write_command_response
+from pymongo.message import _UNICODE_REPLACE_CODEC_OPTIONS
+from pymongo.operations import (
+    DeleteMany,
+    DeleteOne,
+    IndexModel,
+    InsertOne,
+    ReplaceOne,
+    UpdateMany,
+    UpdateOne,
+)
+from pymongo.read_preferences import ReadPreference, _ServerMode
+from pymongo.results import (
+    BulkWriteResult,
+    DeleteResult,
+    InsertManyResult,
+    InsertOneResult,
+    UpdateResult,
+)
+from pymongo.typings import _CollationIn, _DocumentIn, _DocumentType, _Pipeline
+from pymongo.write_concern import WriteConcern
+
+_FIND_AND_MODIFY_DOC_FIELDS = {"value": 1}
+
+
+_WriteOp = Union[InsertOne, DeleteOne, DeleteMany, ReplaceOne, UpdateOne, UpdateMany]
+# Hint supports index name, "myIndex", or list of index pairs: [('x', 1), ('y', -1)]
+_IndexList = Sequence[Tuple[str, Union[int, str, Mapping[str, Any]]]]
+_IndexKeyHint = Union[str, _IndexList]
+
+
+class ReturnDocument(object):
+    """An enum used with
+    :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.find_one_and_replace` and
+    :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.find_one_and_update`.
+    """
+
+    BEFORE = False
+    """Return the original document before it was updated/replaced, or
+    ``None`` if no document matches the query.
+    """
+    AFTER = True
+    """Return the updated/replaced or inserted document."""
+
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from pymongo.client_session import ClientSession
+    from pymongo.database import Database
+    from pymongo.read_concern import ReadConcern
+
+
+class Collection(common.BaseObject, Generic[_DocumentType]):
+    """A Mongo collection."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        database: "Database[_DocumentType]",
+        name: str,
+        create: Optional[bool] = False,
+        codec_options: Optional[CodecOptions] = None,
+        read_preference: Optional[_ServerMode] = None,
+        write_concern: Optional[WriteConcern] = None,
+        read_concern: Optional["ReadConcern"] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Get / create a Mongo collection.
+
+        Raises :class:`TypeError` if `name` is not an instance of
+        :class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3). Raises
+        :class:`~pymongo.errors.InvalidName` if `name` is not a valid
+        collection name. Any additional keyword arguments will be used
+        as options passed to the create command. See
+        :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.create_collection` for valid
+        options.
+
+        If `create` is ``True``, `collation` is specified, or any additional
+        keyword arguments are present, a ``create`` command will be
+        sent, using ``session`` if specified. Otherwise, a ``create`` command
+        will not be sent and the collection will be created implicitly on first
+        use. The optional ``session`` argument is *only* used for the ``create``
+        command, it is not associated with the collection afterward.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `database`: the database to get a collection from
+          - `name`: the name of the collection to get
+          - `create` (optional): if ``True``, force collection
+            creation even without options being set
+          - `codec_options` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`. If ``None`` (the
+            default) database.codec_options is used.
+          - `read_preference` (optional): The read preference to use. If
+            ``None`` (the default) database.read_preference is used.
+          - `write_concern` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. If ``None`` (the
+            default) database.write_concern is used.
+          - `read_concern` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`. If ``None`` (the
+            default) database.read_concern is used.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`. If a collation is provided,
+            it will be passed to the create collection command.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession` that is used with
+            the create collection command
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): additional keyword arguments will
+            be passed as options for the create collection command
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.2
+           Added the ``clusteredIndex`` and ``encryptedFields`` parameters.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+           Removed the reindex, map_reduce, inline_map_reduce,
+           parallel_scan, initialize_unordered_bulk_op,
+           initialize_ordered_bulk_op, group, count, insert, save,
+           update, remove, find_and_modify, and ensure_index methods. See the
+           :ref:`pymongo4-migration-guide`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Support the `collation` option.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+           Added the read_concern option.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+           Added the codec_options, read_preference, and write_concern options.
+           Removed the uuid_subtype attribute.
+           :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` no longer returns an
+           instance of :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` for attribute
+           names with leading underscores. You must use dict-style lookups
+           instead::
+
+               collection['__my_collection__']
+
+           Not:
+
+               collection.__my_collection__
+
+        .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `collections <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/collections>`_.
+        """
+        super(Collection, self).__init__(
+            codec_options or database.codec_options,
+            read_preference or database.read_preference,
+            write_concern or database.write_concern,
+            read_concern or database.read_concern,
+        )
+        if not isinstance(name, str):
+            raise TypeError("name must be an instance of str")
+
+        if not name or ".." in name:
+            raise InvalidName("collection names cannot be empty")
+        if "$" in name and not (name.startswith("oplog.$main") or name.startswith("$cmd")):
+            raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain '$': %r" % name)
+        if name[0] == "." or name[-1] == ".":
+            raise InvalidName("collection names must not start or end with '.': %r" % name)
+        if "\x00" in name:
+            raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain the null character")
+        collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None))
+
+        self.__database: Database[_DocumentType] = database
+        self.__name = name
+        self.__full_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__database.name, self.__name)
+        self.__write_response_codec_options = self.codec_options._replace(
+            unicode_decode_error_handler="replace", document_class=dict
+        )
+        self._timeout = database.client.options.timeout
+        encrypted_fields = kwargs.pop("encryptedFields", None)
+        if create or kwargs or collation:
+            if encrypted_fields:
+                common.validate_is_mapping("encrypted_fields", encrypted_fields)
+                opts = {"clusteredIndex": {"key": {"_id": 1}, "unique": True}}
+                self.__create(_esc_coll_name(encrypted_fields, name), opts, None, session)
+                self.__create(_ecc_coll_name(encrypted_fields, name), opts, None, session)
+                self.__create(_ecoc_coll_name(encrypted_fields, name), opts, None, session)
+                self.__create(name, kwargs, collation, session, encrypted_fields=encrypted_fields)
+                self.create_index([("__safeContent__", ASCENDING)], session)
+            else:
+                self.__create(name, kwargs, collation, session)
+
+    def _socket_for_reads(self, session):
+        return self.__database.client._socket_for_reads(self._read_preference_for(session), session)
+
+    def _socket_for_writes(self, session):
+        return self.__database.client._socket_for_writes(session)
+
+    def _command(
+        self,
+        sock_info,
+        command,
+        read_preference=None,
+        codec_options=None,
+        check=True,
+        allowable_errors=None,
+        read_concern=None,
+        write_concern=None,
+        collation=None,
+        session=None,
+        retryable_write=False,
+        user_fields=None,
+    ):
+        """Internal command helper.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `sock_info` - A SocketInfo instance.
+          - `command` - The command itself, as a :class:`~bson.son.SON` instance.
+          - `codec_options` (optional) - An instance of
+            :class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`.
+          - `check`: raise OperationFailure if there are errors
+          - `allowable_errors`: errors to ignore if `check` is True
+          - `read_concern` (optional) - An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`.
+          - `write_concern`: An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`.
+          - `collation` (optional) - An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `retryable_write` (optional): True if this command is a retryable
+            write.
+          - `user_fields` (optional): Response fields that should be decoded
+            using the TypeDecoders from codec_options, passed to
+            bson._decode_all_selective.
+
+        :Returns:
+          The result document.
+        """
+        with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session) as s:
+            return sock_info.command(
+                self.__database.name,
+                command,
+                read_preference or self._read_preference_for(session),
+                codec_options or self.codec_options,
+                check,
+                allowable_errors,
+                read_concern=read_concern,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                parse_write_concern_error=True,
+                collation=collation,
+                session=s,
+                client=self.__database.client,
+                retryable_write=retryable_write,
+                user_fields=user_fields,
+            )
+
+    def __create(self, name, options, collation, session, encrypted_fields=None):
+        """Sends a create command with the given options."""
+        cmd = SON([("create", name)])
+        if encrypted_fields:
+            cmd["encryptedFields"] = encrypted_fields
+
+        if options:
+            if "size" in options:
+                options["size"] = float(options["size"])
+            cmd.update(options)
+        with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
+            self._command(
+                sock_info,
+                cmd,
+                read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
+                write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session),
+                collation=collation,
+                session=session,
+            )
+
+    def __getattr__(self, name: str) -> "Collection[_DocumentType]":
+        """Get a sub-collection of this collection by name.
+
+        Raises InvalidName if an invalid collection name is used.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `name`: the name of the collection to get
+        """
+        if name.startswith("_"):
+            full_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name)
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "Collection has no attribute %r. To access the %s"
+                " collection, use database['%s']." % (name, full_name, full_name)
+            )
+        return self.__getitem__(name)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, name: str) -> "Collection[_DocumentType]":
+        return Collection(
+            self.__database,
+            "%s.%s" % (self.__name, name),
+            False,
+            self.codec_options,
+            self.read_preference,
+            self.write_concern,
+            self.read_concern,
+        )
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "Collection(%r, %r)" % (self.__database, self.__name)
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        if isinstance(other, Collection):
+            return self.__database == other.database and self.__name == other.name
+        return NotImplemented
+
+    def __ne__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __hash__(self) -> int:
+        return hash((self.__database, self.__name))
+
+    def __bool__(self) -> NoReturn:
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "Collection objects do not implement truth "
+            "value testing or bool(). Please compare "
+            "with None instead: collection is not None"
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def full_name(self) -> str:
+        """The full name of this :class:`Collection`.
+
+        The full name is of the form `database_name.collection_name`.
+        """
+        return self.__full_name
+
+    @property
+    def name(self) -> str:
+        """The name of this :class:`Collection`."""
+        return self.__name
+
+    @property
+    def database(self) -> "Database[_DocumentType]":
+        """The :class:`~pymongo.database.Database` that this
+        :class:`Collection` is a part of.
+        """
+        return self.__database
+
+    def with_options(
+        self,
+        codec_options: Optional[CodecOptions] = None,
+        read_preference: Optional[_ServerMode] = None,
+        write_concern: Optional[WriteConcern] = None,
+        read_concern: Optional["ReadConcern"] = None,
+    ) -> "Collection[_DocumentType]":
+        """Get a clone of this collection changing the specified settings.
+
+          >>> coll1.read_preference
+          Primary()
+          >>> from pymongo import ReadPreference
+          >>> coll2 = coll1.with_options(read_preference=ReadPreference.SECONDARY)
+          >>> coll1.read_preference
+          Primary()
+          >>> coll2.read_preference
+          Secondary(tag_sets=None)
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `codec_options` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~bson.codec_options.CodecOptions`. If ``None`` (the
+            default) the :attr:`codec_options` of this :class:`Collection`
+            is used.
+          - `read_preference` (optional): The read preference to use. If
+            ``None`` (the default) the :attr:`read_preference` of this
+            :class:`Collection` is used. See :mod:`~pymongo.read_preferences`
+            for options.
+          - `write_concern` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern`. If ``None`` (the
+            default) the :attr:`write_concern` of this :class:`Collection`
+            is used.
+          - `read_concern` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.read_concern.ReadConcern`. If ``None`` (the
+            default) the :attr:`read_concern` of this :class:`Collection`
+            is used.
+        """
+        return Collection(
+            self.__database,
+            self.__name,
+            False,
+            codec_options or self.codec_options,
+            read_preference or self.read_preference,
+            write_concern or self.write_concern,
+            read_concern or self.read_concern,
+        )
+
+    @_csot.apply
+    def bulk_write(
+        self,
+        requests: Sequence[_WriteOp],
+        ordered: bool = True,
+        bypass_document_validation: bool = False,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping] = None,
+    ) -> BulkWriteResult:
+        """Send a batch of write operations to the server.
+
+        Requests are passed as a list of write operation instances (
+        :class:`~pymongo.operations.InsertOne`,
+        :class:`~pymongo.operations.UpdateOne`,
+        :class:`~pymongo.operations.UpdateMany`,
+        :class:`~pymongo.operations.ReplaceOne`,
+        :class:`~pymongo.operations.DeleteOne`, or
+        :class:`~pymongo.operations.DeleteMany`).
+
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634ef')}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')}
+          >>> # DeleteMany, UpdateOne, and UpdateMany are also available.
+          ...
+          >>> from pymongo import InsertOne, DeleteOne, ReplaceOne
+          >>> requests = [InsertOne({'y': 1}), DeleteOne({'x': 1}),
+          ...             ReplaceOne({'w': 1}, {'z': 1}, upsert=True)]
+          >>> result = db.test.bulk_write(requests)
+          >>> result.inserted_count
+          1
+          >>> result.deleted_count
+          1
+          >>> result.modified_count
+          0
+          >>> result.upserted_ids
+          {2: ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')}
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62e60fba5226811f634f0')}
+          {'y': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62ee2fba5226811f634f1')}
+          {'z': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f62ee28891e756a6e1abd5')}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `requests`: A list of write operations (see examples above).
+          - `ordered` (optional): If ``True`` (the default) requests will be
+            performed on the server serially, in the order provided. If an error
+            occurs all remaining operations are aborted. If ``False`` requests
+            will be performed on the server in arbitrary order, possibly in
+            parallel, and all operations will be attempted.
+          - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
+            write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
+            ``False``.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+
+        :Returns:
+          An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.BulkWriteResult`.
+
+        .. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids`
+
+        .. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version
+          **>= 3.2**
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+          Added bypass_document_validation support
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        common.validate_list("requests", requests)
+
+        blk = _Bulk(self, ordered, bypass_document_validation, comment=comment, let=let)
+        for request in requests:
+            try:
+                request._add_to_bulk(blk)
+            except AttributeError:
+                raise TypeError("%r is not a valid request" % (request,))
+
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        bulk_api_result = blk.execute(write_concern, session)
+        if bulk_api_result is not None:
+            return BulkWriteResult(bulk_api_result, True)
+        return BulkWriteResult({}, False)
+
+    def _insert_one(
+        self, doc, ordered, write_concern, op_id, bypass_doc_val, session, comment=None
+    ):
+        """Internal helper for inserting a single document."""
+        write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern
+        acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged
+        command = SON([("insert", self.name), ("ordered", ordered), ("documents", [doc])])
+        if comment is not None:
+            command["comment"] = comment
+
+        def _insert_command(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
+            if bypass_doc_val:
+                command["bypassDocumentValidation"] = True
+
+            result = sock_info.command(
+                self.__database.name,
+                command,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
+                session=session,
+                client=self.__database.client,
+                retryable_write=retryable_write,
+            )
+
+            _check_write_command_response(result)
+
+        self.__database.client._retryable_write(acknowledged, _insert_command, session)
+
+        if not isinstance(doc, RawBSONDocument):
+            return doc.get("_id")
+
+    def insert_one(
+        self,
+        document: _DocumentIn,
+        bypass_document_validation: bool = False,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> InsertOneResult:
+        """Insert a single document.
+
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
+          0
+          >>> result = db.test.insert_one({'x': 1})
+          >>> result.inserted_id
+          ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208')
+          >>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1})
+          {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f112defba522406c9cc208')}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `document`: The document to insert. Must be a mutable mapping
+            type. If the document does not have an _id field one will be
+            added automatically.
+          - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
+            write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
+            ``False``.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.InsertOneResult`.
+
+        .. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids`
+
+        .. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version
+          **>= 3.2**
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+          Added bypass_document_validation support
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        common.validate_is_document_type("document", document)
+        if not (isinstance(document, RawBSONDocument) or "_id" in document):
+            document["_id"] = ObjectId()
+
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        return InsertOneResult(
+            self._insert_one(
+                document,
+                ordered=True,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                op_id=None,
+                bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation,
+                session=session,
+                comment=comment,
+            ),
+            write_concern.acknowledged,
+        )
+
+    @_csot.apply
+    def insert_many(
+        self,
+        documents: Iterable[_DocumentIn],
+        ordered: bool = True,
+        bypass_document_validation: bool = False,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> InsertManyResult:
+        """Insert an iterable of documents.
+
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({})
+          0
+          >>> result = db.test.insert_many([{'x': i} for i in range(2)])
+          >>> result.inserted_ids
+          [ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20e'), ObjectId('54f113fffba522406c9cc20f')]
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({})
+          2
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `documents`: A iterable of documents to insert.
+          - `ordered` (optional): If ``True`` (the default) documents will be
+            inserted on the server serially, in the order provided. If an error
+            occurs all remaining inserts are aborted. If ``False``, documents
+            will be inserted on the server in arbitrary order, possibly in
+            parallel, and all document inserts will be attempted.
+          - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
+            write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
+            ``False``.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.InsertManyResult`.
+
+        .. seealso:: :ref:`writes-and-ids`
+
+        .. note:: `bypass_document_validation` requires server version
+          **>= 3.2**
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+          Added bypass_document_validation support
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        if (
+            not isinstance(documents, abc.Iterable)
+            or isinstance(documents, abc.Mapping)
+            or not documents
+        ):
+            raise TypeError("documents must be a non-empty list")
+        inserted_ids: List[ObjectId] = []
+
+        def gen():
+            """A generator that validates documents and handles _ids."""
+            for document in documents:
+                common.validate_is_document_type("document", document)
+                if not isinstance(document, RawBSONDocument):
+                    if "_id" not in document:
+                        document["_id"] = ObjectId()
+                    inserted_ids.append(document["_id"])
+                yield (message._INSERT, document)
+
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        blk = _Bulk(self, ordered, bypass_document_validation, comment=comment)
+        blk.ops = [doc for doc in gen()]
+        blk.execute(write_concern, session=session)
+        return InsertManyResult(inserted_ids, write_concern.acknowledged)
+
+    def _update(
+        self,
+        sock_info,
+        criteria,
+        document,
+        upsert=False,
+        multi=False,
+        write_concern=None,
+        op_id=None,
+        ordered=True,
+        bypass_doc_val=False,
+        collation=None,
+        array_filters=None,
+        hint=None,
+        session=None,
+        retryable_write=False,
+        let=None,
+        comment=None,
+    ):
+        """Internal update / replace helper."""
+        common.validate_boolean("upsert", upsert)
+        collation = validate_collation_or_none(collation)
+        write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern
+        acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged
+        update_doc = SON([("q", criteria), ("u", document), ("multi", multi), ("upsert", upsert)])
+        if collation is not None:
+            if not acknowledged:
+                raise ConfigurationError("Collation is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.")
+            else:
+                update_doc["collation"] = collation
+        if array_filters is not None:
+            if not acknowledged:
+                raise ConfigurationError("arrayFilters is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.")
+            else:
+                update_doc["arrayFilters"] = array_filters
+        if hint is not None:
+            if not acknowledged and sock_info.max_wire_version < 8:
+                raise ConfigurationError(
+                    "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.2+ to use hint on unacknowledged update commands."
+                )
+            if not isinstance(hint, str):
+                hint = helpers._index_document(hint)
+            update_doc["hint"] = hint
+        command = SON([("update", self.name), ("ordered", ordered), ("updates", [update_doc])])
+        if let is not None:
+            common.validate_is_mapping("let", let)
+            command["let"] = let
+
+        if comment is not None:
+            command["comment"] = comment
+        # Update command.
+        if bypass_doc_val:
+            command["bypassDocumentValidation"] = True
+
+        # The command result has to be published for APM unmodified
+        # so we make a shallow copy here before adding updatedExisting.
+        result = sock_info.command(
+            self.__database.name,
+            command,
+            write_concern=write_concern,
+            codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
+            session=session,
+            client=self.__database.client,
+            retryable_write=retryable_write,
+        ).copy()
+        _check_write_command_response(result)
+        # Add the updatedExisting field for compatibility.
+        if result.get("n") and "upserted" not in result:
+            result["updatedExisting"] = True
+        else:
+            result["updatedExisting"] = False
+            # MongoDB >= 2.6.0 returns the upsert _id in an array
+            # element. Break it out for backward compatibility.
+            if "upserted" in result:
+                result["upserted"] = result["upserted"][0]["_id"]
+
+        if not acknowledged:
+            return None
+        return result
+
+    def _update_retryable(
+        self,
+        criteria,
+        document,
+        upsert=False,
+        multi=False,
+        write_concern=None,
+        op_id=None,
+        ordered=True,
+        bypass_doc_val=False,
+        collation=None,
+        array_filters=None,
+        hint=None,
+        session=None,
+        let=None,
+        comment=None,
+    ):
+        """Internal update / replace helper."""
+
+        def _update(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
+            return self._update(
+                sock_info,
+                criteria,
+                document,
+                upsert=upsert,
+                multi=multi,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                op_id=op_id,
+                ordered=ordered,
+                bypass_doc_val=bypass_doc_val,
+                collation=collation,
+                array_filters=array_filters,
+                hint=hint,
+                session=session,
+                retryable_write=retryable_write,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+            )
+
+        return self.__database.client._retryable_write(
+            (write_concern or self.write_concern).acknowledged and not multi, _update, session
+        )
+
+    def replace_one(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        replacement: Mapping[str, Any],
+        upsert: bool = False,
+        bypass_document_validation: bool = False,
+        collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> UpdateResult:
+        """Replace a single document matching the filter.
+
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')}
+          >>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'y': 1})
+          >>> result.matched_count
+          1
+          >>> result.modified_count
+          1
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'y': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4c5befba5220aa4d6dee7')}
+
+        The *upsert* option can be used to insert a new document if a matching
+        document does not exist.
+
+          >>> result = db.test.replace_one({'x': 1}, {'x': 1}, True)
+          >>> result.matched_count
+          0
+          >>> result.modified_count
+          0
+          >>> result.upserted_id
+          ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4')
+          >>> db.test.find_one({'x': 1})
+          {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f11e5c8891e756a6e1abd4')}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the document to replace.
+          - `replacement`: The new document.
+          - `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents
+            match the filter.
+          - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
+            write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
+            ``False``.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
+            predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
+            format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
+            MongoDB 4.2 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+        :Returns:
+          - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added ``hint`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+          Added the `collation` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+          Added bypass_document_validation support.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
+        common.validate_ok_for_replace(replacement)
+        if let is not None:
+            common.validate_is_mapping("let", let)
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        return UpdateResult(
+            self._update_retryable(
+                filter,
+                replacement,
+                upsert,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation,
+                collation=collation,
+                hint=hint,
+                session=session,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+            ),
+            write_concern.acknowledged,
+        )
+
+    def update_one(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        update: Union[Mapping[str, Any], _Pipeline],
+        upsert: bool = False,
+        bypass_document_validation: bool = False,
+        collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None,
+        array_filters: Optional[Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]]] = None,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> UpdateResult:
+        """Update a single document matching the filter.
+
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find():
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 0}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 1}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 2}
+          >>> result = db.test.update_one({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}})
+          >>> result.matched_count
+          1
+          >>> result.modified_count
+          1
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find():
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 4, '_id': 0}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 1}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 2}
+
+        If ``upsert=True`` and no documents match the filter, create a
+        new document based on the filter criteria and update modifications.
+
+          >>> result = db.test.update_one({'x': -10}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}}, upsert=True)
+          >>> result.matched_count
+          0
+          >>> result.modified_count
+          0
+          >>> result.upserted_id
+          ObjectId('626a678eeaa80587d4bb3fb7')
+          >>> db.test.find_one(result.upserted_id)
+          {'_id': ObjectId('626a678eeaa80587d4bb3fb7'), 'x': -7}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the document to update.
+          - `update`: The modifications to apply.
+          - `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents
+            match the filter.
+          - `bypass_document_validation`: (optional) If ``True``, allows the
+            write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
+            ``False``.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which
+            array elements an update should apply.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
+            predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
+            format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
+            MongoDB 4.2 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added ``hint`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.9
+           Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the ``update``.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added the ``array_filters`` and ``session`` parameters.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+          Added the ``collation`` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+          Added ``bypass_document_validation`` support.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
+        common.validate_ok_for_update(update)
+        common.validate_list_or_none("array_filters", array_filters)
+
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        return UpdateResult(
+            self._update_retryable(
+                filter,
+                update,
+                upsert,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation,
+                collation=collation,
+                array_filters=array_filters,
+                hint=hint,
+                session=session,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+            ),
+            write_concern.acknowledged,
+        )
+
+    def update_many(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        update: Union[Mapping[str, Any], _Pipeline],
+        upsert: bool = False,
+        array_filters: Optional[Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]]] = None,
+        bypass_document_validation: Optional[bool] = None,
+        collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> UpdateResult:
+        """Update one or more documents that match the filter.
+
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find():
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 0}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 1}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 2}
+          >>> result = db.test.update_many({'x': 1}, {'$inc': {'x': 3}})
+          >>> result.matched_count
+          3
+          >>> result.modified_count
+          3
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find():
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 4, '_id': 0}
+          {'x': 4, '_id': 1}
+          {'x': 4, '_id': 2}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the documents to update.
+          - `update`: The modifications to apply.
+          - `upsert` (optional): If ``True``, perform an insert if no documents
+            match the filter.
+          - `bypass_document_validation` (optional): If ``True``, allows the
+            write to opt-out of document level validation. Default is
+            ``False``.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which
+            array elements an update should apply.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
+            predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
+            format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
+            MongoDB 4.2 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.UpdateResult`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added ``hint`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.9
+           Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the `update`.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``array_filters`` and ``session`` parameters.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+          Added the `collation` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+          Added bypass_document_validation support.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
+        common.validate_ok_for_update(update)
+        common.validate_list_or_none("array_filters", array_filters)
+
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        return UpdateResult(
+            self._update_retryable(
+                filter,
+                update,
+                upsert,
+                multi=True,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                bypass_doc_val=bypass_document_validation,
+                collation=collation,
+                array_filters=array_filters,
+                hint=hint,
+                session=session,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+            ),
+            write_concern.acknowledged,
+        )
+
+    def drop(
+        self,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        encrypted_fields: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Alias for :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.drop_collection`.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `encrypted_fields`: **(BETA)** Document that describes the encrypted fields for
+            Queryable Encryption.
+
+        The following two calls are equivalent:
+
+          >>> db.foo.drop()
+          >>> db.drop_collection("foo")
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.2
+           Added ``encrypted_fields`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.7
+           :meth:`drop` now respects this :class:`Collection`'s :attr:`write_concern`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        """
+        dbo = self.__database.client.get_database(
+            self.__database.name,
+            self.codec_options,
+            self.read_preference,
+            self.write_concern,
+            self.read_concern,
+        )
+        dbo.drop_collection(
+            self.__name, session=session, comment=comment, encrypted_fields=encrypted_fields
+        )
+
+    def _delete(
+        self,
+        sock_info,
+        criteria,
+        multi,
+        write_concern=None,
+        op_id=None,
+        ordered=True,
+        collation=None,
+        hint=None,
+        session=None,
+        retryable_write=False,
+        let=None,
+        comment=None,
+    ):
+        """Internal delete helper."""
+        common.validate_is_mapping("filter", criteria)
+        write_concern = write_concern or self.write_concern
+        acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged
+        delete_doc = SON([("q", criteria), ("limit", int(not multi))])
+        collation = validate_collation_or_none(collation)
+        if collation is not None:
+            if not acknowledged:
+                raise ConfigurationError("Collation is unsupported for unacknowledged writes.")
+            else:
+                delete_doc["collation"] = collation
+        if hint is not None:
+            if not acknowledged and sock_info.max_wire_version < 9:
+                raise ConfigurationError(
+                    "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.4+ to use hint on unacknowledged delete commands."
+                )
+            if not isinstance(hint, str):
+                hint = helpers._index_document(hint)
+            delete_doc["hint"] = hint
+        command = SON([("delete", self.name), ("ordered", ordered), ("deletes", [delete_doc])])
+
+        if let is not None:
+            common.validate_is_document_type("let", let)
+            command["let"] = let
+
+        if comment is not None:
+            command["comment"] = comment
+
+        # Delete command.
+        result = sock_info.command(
+            self.__database.name,
+            command,
+            write_concern=write_concern,
+            codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
+            session=session,
+            client=self.__database.client,
+            retryable_write=retryable_write,
+        )
+        _check_write_command_response(result)
+        return result
+
+    def _delete_retryable(
+        self,
+        criteria,
+        multi,
+        write_concern=None,
+        op_id=None,
+        ordered=True,
+        collation=None,
+        hint=None,
+        session=None,
+        let=None,
+        comment=None,
+    ):
+        """Internal delete helper."""
+
+        def _delete(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
+            return self._delete(
+                sock_info,
+                criteria,
+                multi,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                op_id=op_id,
+                ordered=ordered,
+                collation=collation,
+                hint=hint,
+                session=session,
+                retryable_write=retryable_write,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+            )
+
+        return self.__database.client._retryable_write(
+            (write_concern or self.write_concern).acknowledged and not multi, _delete, session
+        )
+
+    def delete_one(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> DeleteResult:
+        """Delete a single document matching the filter.
+
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
+          3
+          >>> result = db.test.delete_one({'x': 1})
+          >>> result.deleted_count
+          1
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
+          2
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the document to delete.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
+            predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
+            format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
+            MongoDB 4.4 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.DeleteResult`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added ``hint`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+          Added the `collation` option.
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        return DeleteResult(
+            self._delete_retryable(
+                filter,
+                False,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                collation=collation,
+                hint=hint,
+                session=session,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+            ),
+            write_concern.acknowledged,
+        )
+
+    def delete_many(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> DeleteResult:
+        """Delete one or more documents matching the filter.
+
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
+          3
+          >>> result = db.test.delete_many({'x': 1})
+          >>> result.deleted_count
+          3
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
+          0
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the documents to delete.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
+            predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
+            format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
+            MongoDB 4.4 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          - An instance of :class:`~pymongo.results.DeleteResult`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added ``hint`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+          Added the `collation` option.
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for(session)
+        return DeleteResult(
+            self._delete_retryable(
+                filter,
+                True,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                collation=collation,
+                hint=hint,
+                session=session,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+            ),
+            write_concern.acknowledged,
+        )
+
+    def find_one(
+        self, filter: Optional[Any] = None, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any
+    ) -> Optional[_DocumentType]:
+        """Get a single document from the database.
+
+        All arguments to :meth:`find` are also valid arguments for
+        :meth:`find_one`, although any `limit` argument will be
+        ignored. Returns a single document, or ``None`` if no matching
+        document is found.
+
+        The :meth:`find_one` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
+        this :class:`Collection`.
+
+        :Parameters:
+
+          - `filter` (optional): a dictionary specifying
+            the query to be performed OR any other type to be used as
+            the value for a query for ``"_id"``.
+
+          - `*args` (optional): any additional positional arguments
+            are the same as the arguments to :meth:`find`.
+
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): any additional keyword arguments
+            are the same as the arguments to :meth:`find`.
+
+              >>> collection.find_one(max_time_ms=100)
+
+        """
+        if filter is not None and not isinstance(filter, abc.Mapping):
+            filter = {"_id": filter}
+        cursor = self.find(filter, *args, **kwargs)
+        for result in cursor.limit(-1):
+            return result
+        return None
+
+    def find(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Cursor[_DocumentType]:
+        """Query the database.
+
+        The `filter` argument is a query document that all results
+        must match. For example:
+
+        >>> db.test.find({"hello": "world"})
+
+        only matches documents that have a key "hello" with value
+        "world".  Matches can have other keys *in addition* to
+        "hello". The `projection` argument is used to specify a subset
+        of fields that should be included in the result documents. By
+        limiting results to a certain subset of fields you can cut
+        down on network traffic and decoding time.
+
+        Raises :class:`TypeError` if any of the arguments are of
+        improper type. Returns an instance of
+        :class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` corresponding to this query.
+
+        The :meth:`find` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
+        this :class:`Collection`.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter` (optional): A query document that selects which documents
+            to include in the result set. Can be an empty document to include
+            all documents.
+          - `projection` (optional): a list of field names that should be
+            returned in the result set or a dict specifying the fields
+            to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
+            always be returned. Use a dict to exclude fields from
+            the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `skip` (optional): the number of documents to omit (from
+            the start of the result set) when returning the results
+          - `limit` (optional): the maximum number of results to
+            return. A limit of 0 (the default) is equivalent to setting no
+            limit.
+          - `no_cursor_timeout` (optional): if False (the default), any
+            returned cursor is closed by the server after 10 minutes of
+            inactivity. If set to True, the returned cursor will never
+            time out on the server. Care should be taken to ensure that
+            cursors with no_cursor_timeout turned on are properly closed.
+          - `cursor_type` (optional): the type of cursor to return. The valid
+            options are defined by :class:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType`:
+
+            - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.NON_TAILABLE` - the result of
+              this find call will return a standard cursor over the result set.
+            - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.TAILABLE` - the result of this
+              find call will be a tailable cursor - tailable cursors are only
+              for use with capped collections. They are not closed when the
+              last data is retrieved but are kept open and the cursor location
+              marks the final document position. If more data is received
+              iteration of the cursor will continue from the last document
+              received. For details, see the `tailable cursor documentation
+              <https://www.mongodb.com/docs/manual/core/tailable-cursors/>`_.
+            - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.TAILABLE_AWAIT` - the result
+              of this find call will be a tailable cursor with the await flag
+              set. The server will wait for a few seconds after returning the
+              full result set so that it can capture and return additional data
+              added during the query.
+            - :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` - the result of this
+              find call will be an exhaust cursor. MongoDB will stream batched
+              results to the client without waiting for the client to request
+              each batch, reducing latency. See notes on compatibility below.
+
+          - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
+            specifying the sort order for this query. See
+            :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.sort` for details.
+          - `allow_partial_results` (optional): if True, mongos will return
+            partial results if some shards are down instead of returning an
+            error.
+          - `oplog_replay` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - if True, set the
+            oplogReplay query flag. Default: False.
+          - `batch_size` (optional): Limits the number of documents returned in
+            a single batch.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `return_key` (optional): If True, return only the index keys in
+            each document.
+          - `show_record_id` (optional): If True, adds a field ``$recordId`` in
+            each document with the storage engine's internal record identifier.
+          - `snapshot` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - If True, prevents the
+            cursor from returning a document more than once because of an
+            intervening write operation.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index, in the same format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). Pass this as an alternative to calling
+            :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.hint` on the cursor to tell Mongo the
+            proper index to use for the query.
+          - `max_time_ms` (optional): Specifies a time limit for a query
+            operation. If the specified time is exceeded, the operation will be
+            aborted and :exc:`~pymongo.errors.ExecutionTimeout` is raised. Pass
+            this as an alternative to calling
+            :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max_time_ms` on the cursor.
+          - `max_scan` (optional): **DEPRECATED** - The maximum number of
+            documents to scan. Pass this as an alternative to calling
+            :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max_scan` on the cursor.
+          - `min` (optional): A list of field, limit pairs specifying the
+            inclusive lower bound for all keys of a specific index in order.
+            Pass this as an alternative to calling
+            :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.min` on the cursor. ``hint`` must
+            also be passed to ensure the query utilizes the correct index.
+          - `max` (optional): A list of field, limit pairs specifying the
+            exclusive upper bound for all keys of a specific index in order.
+            Pass this as an alternative to calling
+            :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.max` on the cursor. ``hint`` must
+            also be passed to ensure the query utilizes the correct index.
+          - `comment` (optional): A string to attach to the query to help
+            interpret and trace the operation in the server logs and in profile
+            data. Pass this as an alternative to calling
+            :meth:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor.comment` on the cursor.
+          - `allow_disk_use` (optional): if True, MongoDB may use temporary
+            disk files to store data exceeding the system memory limit while
+            processing a blocking sort operation. The option has no effect if
+            MongoDB can satisfy the specified sort using an index, or if the
+            blocking sort requires less memory than the 100 MiB limit. This
+            option is only supported on MongoDB 4.4 and above.
+
+        .. note:: There are a number of caveats to using
+          :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` as cursor_type:
+
+          - The `limit` option can not be used with an exhaust cursor.
+
+          - Exhaust cursors are not supported by mongos and can not be
+            used with a sharded cluster.
+
+          - A :class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` instance created with the
+            :attr:`~pymongo.cursor.CursorType.EXHAUST` cursor_type requires an
+            exclusive :class:`~socket.socket` connection to MongoDB. If the
+            :class:`~pymongo.cursor.Cursor` is discarded without being
+            completely iterated the underlying :class:`~socket.socket`
+            connection will be closed and discarded without being returned to
+            the connection pool.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+           Removed the ``modifiers`` option.
+           Empty projections (eg {} or []) are passed to the server as-is,
+           rather than the previous behavior which substituted in a
+           projection of ``{"_id": 1}``. This means that an empty projection
+           will now return the entire document, not just the ``"_id"`` field.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added the ``allow_disk_use`` option.
+           Deprecated the ``oplog_replay`` option. Support for this option is
+           deprecated in MongoDB 4.4. The query engine now automatically
+           optimizes queries against the oplog without requiring this
+           option to be set.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.7
+           Deprecated the ``snapshot`` option, which is deprecated in MongoDB
+           3.6 and removed in MongoDB 4.0.
+           Deprecated the ``max_scan`` option. Support for this option is
+           deprecated in MongoDB 4.0. Use ``max_time_ms`` instead to limit
+           server-side execution time.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.5
+           Added the options ``return_key``, ``show_record_id``, ``snapshot``,
+           ``hint``, ``max_time_ms``, ``max_scan``, ``min``, ``max``, and
+           ``comment``.
+           Deprecated the ``modifiers`` option.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Added support for the ``collation`` option.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+           Changed the parameter names ``spec``, ``fields``, ``timeout``, and
+           ``partial`` to ``filter``, ``projection``, ``no_cursor_timeout``,
+           and ``allow_partial_results`` respectively.
+           Added the ``cursor_type``, ``oplog_replay``, and ``modifiers``
+           options.
+           Removed the ``network_timeout``, ``read_preference``, ``tag_sets``,
+           ``secondary_acceptable_latency_ms``, ``max_scan``, ``snapshot``,
+           ``tailable``, ``await_data``, ``exhaust``, ``as_class``, and
+           slave_okay parameters.
+           Removed ``compile_re`` option: PyMongo now always
+           represents BSON regular expressions as :class:`~bson.regex.Regex`
+           objects. Use :meth:`~bson.regex.Regex.try_compile` to attempt to
+           convert from a BSON regular expression to a Python regular
+           expression object.
+           Soft deprecated the ``manipulate`` option.
+
+        .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `find <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/find>`_.
+        """
+        return Cursor(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def find_raw_batches(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> RawBatchCursor[_DocumentType]:
+        """Query the database and retrieve batches of raw BSON.
+
+        Similar to the :meth:`find` method but returns a
+        :class:`~pymongo.cursor.RawBatchCursor`.
+
+        This example demonstrates how to work with raw batches, but in practice
+        raw batches should be passed to an external library that can decode
+        BSON into another data type, rather than used with PyMongo's
+        :mod:`bson` module.
+
+          >>> import bson
+          >>> cursor = db.test.find_raw_batches()
+          >>> for batch in cursor:
+          ...     print(bson.decode_all(batch))
+
+        .. note:: find_raw_batches does not support auto encryption.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.12
+           Instead of ignoring the user-specified read concern, this method
+           now sends it to the server when connected to MongoDB 3.6+.
+
+           Added session support.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.6
+        """
+        # OP_MSG is required to support encryption.
+        if self.__database.client._encrypter:
+            raise InvalidOperation("find_raw_batches does not support auto encryption")
+        return RawBatchCursor(self, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def _count_cmd(self, session, sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation):
+        """Internal count command helper."""
+        # XXX: "ns missing" checks can be removed when we drop support for
+        # MongoDB 3.0, see SERVER-17051.
+        res = self._command(
+            sock_info,
+            cmd,
+            read_preference=read_preference,
+            allowable_errors=["ns missing"],
+            codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
+            read_concern=self.read_concern,
+            collation=collation,
+            session=session,
+        )
+        if res.get("errmsg", "") == "ns missing":
+            return 0
+        return int(res["n"])
+
+    def _aggregate_one_result(self, sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation, session):
+        """Internal helper to run an aggregate that returns a single result."""
+        result = self._command(
+            sock_info,
+            cmd,
+            read_preference,
+            allowable_errors=[26],  # Ignore NamespaceNotFound.
+            codec_options=self.__write_response_codec_options,
+            read_concern=self.read_concern,
+            collation=collation,
+            session=session,
+        )
+        # cursor will not be present for NamespaceNotFound errors.
+        if "cursor" not in result:
+            return None
+        batch = result["cursor"]["firstBatch"]
+        return batch[0] if batch else None
+
+    def estimated_document_count(self, comment: Optional[Any] = None, **kwargs: Any) -> int:
+        """Get an estimate of the number of documents in this collection using
+        collection metadata.
+
+        The :meth:`estimated_document_count` method is **not** supported in a
+        transaction.
+
+        All optional parameters should be passed as keyword arguments
+        to this method. Valid options include:
+
+          - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow this
+            operation to run, in milliseconds.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.2
+           This method now always uses the `count`_ command. Due to an oversight in versions
+           5.0.0-5.0.8 of MongoDB, the count command was not included in V1 of the
+           :ref:`versioned-api-ref`. Users of the Stable API with estimated_document_count are
+           recommended to upgrade their server version to 5.0.9+ or set
+           :attr:`pymongo.server_api.ServerApi.strict` to ``False`` to avoid encountering errors.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.7
+        .. _count: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/command/count/
+        """
+        if "session" in kwargs:
+            raise ConfigurationError("estimated_document_count does not support sessions")
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+
+        def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference):
+            cmd = SON([("count", self.__name)])
+            cmd.update(kwargs)
+            return self._count_cmd(session, sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation=None)
+
+        return self._retryable_non_cursor_read(_cmd, None)
+
+    def count_documents(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> int:
+        """Count the number of documents in this collection.
+
+        .. note:: For a fast count of the total documents in a collection see
+           :meth:`estimated_document_count`.
+
+        The :meth:`count_documents` method is supported in a transaction.
+
+        All optional parameters should be passed as keyword arguments
+        to this method. Valid options include:
+
+          - `skip` (int): The number of matching documents to skip before
+            returning results.
+          - `limit` (int): The maximum number of documents to count. Must be
+            a positive integer. If not provided, no limit is imposed.
+          - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow this
+            operation to run, in milliseconds.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `hint` (string or list of tuples): The index to use. Specify either
+            the index name as a string or the index specification as a list of
+            tuples (e.g. [('a', pymongo.ASCENDING), ('b', pymongo.ASCENDING)]).
+
+        The :meth:`count_documents` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
+        this :class:`Collection`.
+
+        .. note:: When migrating from :meth:`count` to :meth:`count_documents`
+           the following query operators must be replaced:
+
+           +-------------+-------------------------------------+
+           | Operator    | Replacement                         |
+           +=============+=====================================+
+           | $where      | `$expr`_                            |
+           +-------------+-------------------------------------+
+           | $near       | `$geoWithin`_ with `$center`_       |
+           +-------------+-------------------------------------+
+           | $nearSphere | `$geoWithin`_ with `$centerSphere`_ |
+           +-------------+-------------------------------------+
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter` (required): A query document that selects which documents
+            to count in the collection. Can be an empty document to count all
+            documents.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above.
+
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.7
+
+        .. _$expr: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/expr/
+        .. _$geoWithin: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/geoWithin/
+        .. _$center: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/center/
+        .. _$centerSphere: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/operator/query/centerSphere/
+        """
+        pipeline = [{"$match": filter}]
+        if "skip" in kwargs:
+            pipeline.append({"$skip": kwargs.pop("skip")})
+        if "limit" in kwargs:
+            pipeline.append({"$limit": kwargs.pop("limit")})
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        pipeline.append({"$group": {"_id": 1, "n": {"$sum": 1}}})
+        cmd = SON([("aggregate", self.__name), ("pipeline", pipeline), ("cursor", {})])
+        if "hint" in kwargs and not isinstance(kwargs["hint"], str):
+            kwargs["hint"] = helpers._index_document(kwargs["hint"])
+        collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None))
+        cmd.update(kwargs)
+
+        def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference):
+            result = self._aggregate_one_result(sock_info, read_preference, cmd, collation, session)
+            if not result:
+                return 0
+            return result["n"]
+
+        return self._retryable_non_cursor_read(_cmd, session)
+
+    def _retryable_non_cursor_read(self, func, session):
+        """Non-cursor read helper to handle implicit session creation."""
+        client = self.__database.client
+        with client._tmp_session(session) as s:
+            return client._retryable_read(func, self._read_preference_for(s), s)
+
+    def create_indexes(
+        self,
+        indexes: Sequence[IndexModel],
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> List[str]:
+        """Create one or more indexes on this collection.
+
+          >>> from pymongo import IndexModel, ASCENDING, DESCENDING
+          >>> index1 = IndexModel([("hello", DESCENDING),
+          ...                      ("world", ASCENDING)], name="hello_world")
+          >>> index2 = IndexModel([("goodbye", DESCENDING)])
+          >>> db.test.create_indexes([index1, index2])
+          ["hello_world", "goodbye_-1"]
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `indexes`: A list of :class:`~pymongo.operations.IndexModel`
+            instances.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
+            command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
+
+
+
+
+        .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
+           this collection is automatically applied to this operation.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword
+           arguments.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
+           when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+
+        .. _createIndexes: https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/command/createIndexes/
+        """
+        common.validate_list("indexes", indexes)
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        return self.__create_indexes(indexes, session, **kwargs)
+
+    @_csot.apply
+    def __create_indexes(self, indexes, session, **kwargs):
+        """Internal createIndexes helper.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `indexes`: A list of :class:`~pymongo.operations.IndexModel`
+            instances.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
+            command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
+        """
+        names = []
+        with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
+            supports_quorum = sock_info.max_wire_version >= 9
+
+            def gen_indexes():
+                for index in indexes:
+                    if not isinstance(index, IndexModel):
+                        raise TypeError(
+                            "%r is not an instance of pymongo.operations.IndexModel" % (index,)
+                        )
+                    document = index.document
+                    names.append(document["name"])
+                    yield document
+
+            cmd = SON([("createIndexes", self.name), ("indexes", list(gen_indexes()))])
+            cmd.update(kwargs)
+            if "commitQuorum" in kwargs and not supports_quorum:
+                raise ConfigurationError(
+                    "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.4+ to use the "
+                    "commitQuorum option for createIndexes"
+                )
+
+            self._command(
+                sock_info,
+                cmd,
+                read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
+                codec_options=_UNICODE_REPLACE_CODEC_OPTIONS,
+                write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session),
+                session=session,
+            )
+        return names
+
+    def create_index(
+        self,
+        keys: _IndexKeyHint,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> str:
+        """Creates an index on this collection.
+
+        Takes either a single key or a list of (key, direction) pairs.
+        The key(s) must be an instance of :class:`basestring`
+        (:class:`str` in python 3), and the direction(s) must be one of
+        (:data:`~pymongo.ASCENDING`, :data:`~pymongo.DESCENDING`,
+        :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`, :data:`~pymongo.GEOSPHERE`,
+        :data:`~pymongo.HASHED`, :data:`~pymongo.TEXT`).
+
+        To create a single key ascending index on the key ``'mike'`` we just
+        use a string argument::
+
+          >>> my_collection.create_index("mike")
+
+        For a compound index on ``'mike'`` descending and ``'eliot'``
+        ascending we need to use a list of tuples::
+
+          >>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING),
+          ...                             ("eliot", pymongo.ASCENDING)])
+
+        All optional index creation parameters should be passed as
+        keyword arguments to this method. For example::
+
+          >>> my_collection.create_index([("mike", pymongo.DESCENDING)],
+          ...                            background=True)
+
+        Valid options include, but are not limited to:
+
+          - `name`: custom name to use for this index - if none is
+            given, a name will be generated.
+          - `unique`: if ``True``, creates a uniqueness constraint on the
+            index.
+          - `background`: if ``True``, this index should be created in the
+            background.
+          - `sparse`: if ``True``, omit from the index any documents that lack
+            the indexed field.
+          - `bucketSize`: for use with geoHaystack indexes.
+            Number of documents to group together within a certain proximity
+            to a given longitude and latitude.
+          - `min`: minimum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`
+            index.
+          - `max`: maximum value for keys in a :data:`~pymongo.GEO2D`
+            index.
+          - `expireAfterSeconds`: <int> Used to create an expiring (TTL)
+            collection. MongoDB will automatically delete documents from
+            this collection after <int> seconds. The indexed field must
+            be a UTC datetime or the data will not expire.
+          - `partialFilterExpression`: A document that specifies a filter for
+            a partial index.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `wildcardProjection`: Allows users to include or exclude specific
+            field paths from a `wildcard index`_ using the {"$**" : 1} key
+            pattern. Requires MongoDB >= 4.2.
+          - `hidden`: if ``True``, this index will be hidden from the query
+            planner and will not be evaluated as part of query plan
+            selection. Requires MongoDB >= 4.4.
+
+        See the MongoDB documentation for a full list of supported options by
+        server version.
+
+        .. warning:: `dropDups` is not supported by MongoDB 3.0 or newer. The
+          option is silently ignored by the server and unique index builds
+          using the option will fail if a duplicate value is detected.
+
+        .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
+           this collection is automatically applied to this operation.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `keys`: a single key or a list of (key, direction)
+            pairs specifying the index to create
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+            arguments
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): any additional index creation
+            options (see the above list) should be passed as keyword
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added the ``hidden`` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for passing maxTimeMS
+           in kwargs.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
+           when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. Support the `collation` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+           Added partialFilterExpression to support partial indexes.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+           Renamed `key_or_list` to `keys`. Removed the `cache_for` option.
+           :meth:`create_index` no longer caches index names. Removed support
+           for the drop_dups and bucket_size aliases.
+
+        .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `indexes <https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/indexes>`_.
+
+        .. _wildcard index: https://dochub.mongodb.org/core/index-wildcard/
+        """
+        cmd_options = {}
+        if "maxTimeMS" in kwargs:
+            cmd_options["maxTimeMS"] = kwargs.pop("maxTimeMS")
+        if comment is not None:
+            cmd_options["comment"] = comment
+        index = IndexModel(keys, **kwargs)
+        return self.__create_indexes([index], session, **cmd_options)[0]
+
+    def drop_indexes(
+        self,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Drops all indexes on this collection.
+
+        Can be used on non-existant collections or collections with no indexes.
+        Raises OperationFailure on an error.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+            arguments
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
+            command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
+
+
+
+        .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
+           this collection is automatically applied to this operation.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword
+           arguments.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
+           when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
+
+        """
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        self.drop_index("*", session=session, **kwargs)
+
+    @_csot.apply
+    def drop_index(
+        self,
+        index_or_name: _IndexKeyHint,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Drops the specified index on this collection.
+
+        Can be used on non-existant collections or collections with no
+        indexes.  Raises OperationFailure on an error (e.g. trying to
+        drop an index that does not exist). `index_or_name`
+        can be either an index name (as returned by `create_index`),
+        or an index specifier (as passed to `create_index`). An index
+        specifier should be a list of (key, direction) pairs. Raises
+        TypeError if index is not an instance of (str, unicode, list).
+
+        .. warning::
+
+          if a custom name was used on index creation (by
+          passing the `name` parameter to :meth:`create_index`) the index
+          **must** be dropped by name.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `index_or_name`: index (or name of index) to drop
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): optional arguments to the createIndexes
+            command (like maxTimeMS) can be passed as keyword arguments.
+
+
+
+        .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
+           this collection is automatically applied to this operation.
+
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter. Added support for arbitrary keyword
+           arguments.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
+           when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
+
+        """
+        name = index_or_name
+        if isinstance(index_or_name, list):
+            name = helpers._gen_index_name(index_or_name)
+
+        if not isinstance(name, str):
+            raise TypeError("index_or_name must be an instance of str or list")
+
+        cmd = SON([("dropIndexes", self.__name), ("index", name)])
+        cmd.update(kwargs)
+        if comment is not None:
+            cmd["comment"] = comment
+        with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
+            self._command(
+                sock_info,
+                cmd,
+                read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
+                allowable_errors=["ns not found", 26],
+                write_concern=self._write_concern_for(session),
+                session=session,
+            )
+
+    def list_indexes(
+        self,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> CommandCursor[MutableMapping[str, Any]]:
+        """Get a cursor over the index documents for this collection.
+
+          >>> for index in db.test.list_indexes():
+          ...     print(index)
+          ...
+          SON([('v', 2), ('key', SON([('_id', 1)])), ('name', '_id_')])
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          An instance of :class:`~pymongo.command_cursor.CommandCursor`.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        codec_options: CodecOptions = CodecOptions(SON)
+        coll = self.with_options(
+            codec_options=codec_options, read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY
+        )
+        read_pref = (session and session._txn_read_preference()) or ReadPreference.PRIMARY
+        explicit_session = session is not None
+
+        def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference):
+            cmd = SON([("listIndexes", self.__name), ("cursor", {})])
+            if comment is not None:
+                cmd["comment"] = comment
+
+            try:
+                cursor = self._command(
+                    sock_info, cmd, read_preference, codec_options, session=session
+                )["cursor"]
+            except OperationFailure as exc:
+                # Ignore NamespaceNotFound errors to match the behavior
+                # of reading from *.system.indexes.
+                if exc.code != 26:
+                    raise
+                cursor = {"id": 0, "firstBatch": []}
+            cmd_cursor = CommandCursor(
+                coll,
+                cursor,
+                sock_info.address,
+                session=session,
+                explicit_session=explicit_session,
+                comment=cmd.get("comment"),
+            )
+            cmd_cursor._maybe_pin_connection(sock_info)
+            return cmd_cursor
+
+        with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, False) as s:
+            return self.__database.client._retryable_read(_cmd, read_pref, s)
+
+    def index_information(
+        self,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> MutableMapping[str, Any]:
+        """Get information on this collection's indexes.
+
+        Returns a dictionary where the keys are index names (as
+        returned by create_index()) and the values are dictionaries
+        containing information about each index. The dictionary is
+        guaranteed to contain at least a single key, ``"key"`` which
+        is a list of (key, direction) pairs specifying the index (as
+        passed to create_index()). It will also contain any other
+        metadata about the indexes, except for the ``"ns"`` and
+        ``"name"`` keys, which are cleaned. Example output might look
+        like this:
+
+        >>> db.test.create_index("x", unique=True)
+        'x_1'
+        >>> db.test.index_information()
+        {'_id_': {'key': [('_id', 1)]},
+         'x_1': {'unique': True, 'key': [('x', 1)]}}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        """
+        cursor = self.list_indexes(session=session, comment=comment)
+        info = {}
+        for index in cursor:
+            index["key"] = list(index["key"].items())
+            index = dict(index)
+            info[index.pop("name")] = index
+        return info
+
+    def options(
+        self,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> MutableMapping[str, Any]:
+        """Get the options set on this collection.
+
+        Returns a dictionary of options and their values - see
+        :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.create_collection` for more
+        information on the possible options. Returns an empty
+        dictionary if the collection has not been created yet.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        """
+        dbo = self.__database.client.get_database(
+            self.__database.name,
+            self.codec_options,
+            self.read_preference,
+            self.write_concern,
+            self.read_concern,
+        )
+        cursor = dbo.list_collections(
+            session=session, filter={"name": self.__name}, comment=comment
+        )
+
+        result = None
+        for doc in cursor:
+            result = doc
+            break
+
+        if not result:
+            return {}
+
+        options = result.get("options", {})
+        assert options is not None
+        if "create" in options:
+            del options["create"]
+
+        return options
+
+    @_csot.apply
+    def _aggregate(
+        self,
+        aggregation_command,
+        pipeline,
+        cursor_class,
+        session,
+        explicit_session,
+        let=None,
+        comment=None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        cmd = aggregation_command(
+            self,
+            cursor_class,
+            pipeline,
+            kwargs,
+            explicit_session,
+            let,
+            user_fields={"cursor": {"firstBatch": 1}},
+        )
+
+        return self.__database.client._retryable_read(
+            cmd.get_cursor,
+            cmd.get_read_preference(session),
+            session,
+            retryable=not cmd._performs_write,
+        )
+
+    def aggregate(
+        self,
+        pipeline: _Pipeline,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> CommandCursor[_DocumentType]:
+        """Perform an aggregation using the aggregation framework on this
+        collection.
+
+        The :meth:`aggregate` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of this
+        :class:`Collection`, except when ``$out`` or ``$merge`` are used on
+        MongoDB <5.0, in which case
+        :attr:`~pymongo.read_preferences.ReadPreference.PRIMARY` is used.
+
+        .. note:: This method does not support the 'explain' option. Please
+           use :meth:`~pymongo.database.Database.command` instead. An
+           example is included in the :ref:`aggregate-examples` documentation.
+
+        .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
+           this collection is automatically applied to this operation.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `pipeline`: a list of aggregation pipeline stages
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): extra `aggregate command`_ parameters.
+
+        All optional `aggregate command`_ parameters should be passed as
+        keyword arguments to this method. Valid options include, but are not
+        limited to:
+
+          - `allowDiskUse` (bool): Enables writing to temporary files. When set
+            to True, aggregation stages can write data to the _tmp subdirectory
+            of the --dbpath directory. The default is False.
+          - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow the operation
+            to run in milliseconds.
+          - `batchSize` (int): The maximum number of documents to return per
+            batch. Ignored if the connected mongod or mongos does not support
+            returning aggregate results using a cursor.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+          - `let` (dict): A dict of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. ``"$$var"``). This option is
+            only supported on MongoDB >= 5.0.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+
+        :Returns:
+          A :class:`~pymongo.command_cursor.CommandCursor` over the result
+          set.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+           Support $merge and $out executing on secondaries according to the
+           collection's :attr:`read_preference`.
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.0
+           Removed the ``useCursor`` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.9
+           Apply this collection's read concern to pipelines containing the
+           `$out` stage when connected to MongoDB >= 4.2.
+           Added support for the ``$merge`` pipeline stage.
+           Aggregations that write always use read preference
+           :attr:`~pymongo.read_preferences.ReadPreference.PRIMARY`.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added the `session` parameter. Added the `maxAwaitTimeMS` option.
+           Deprecated the `useCursor` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
+           when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4. Support the `collation` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.0
+           The :meth:`aggregate` method always returns a CommandCursor. The
+           pipeline argument must be a list.
+
+        .. seealso:: :doc:`/examples/aggregation`
+
+        .. _aggregate command:
+            https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/reference/command/aggregate
+        """
+
+        with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, close=False) as s:
+            return self._aggregate(
+                _CollectionAggregationCommand,
+                pipeline,
+                CommandCursor,
+                session=s,
+                explicit_session=session is not None,
+                let=let,
+                comment=comment,
+                **kwargs,
+            )
+
+    def aggregate_raw_batches(
+        self,
+        pipeline: _Pipeline,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> RawBatchCursor[_DocumentType]:
+        """Perform an aggregation and retrieve batches of raw BSON.
+
+        Similar to the :meth:`aggregate` method but returns a
+        :class:`~pymongo.cursor.RawBatchCursor`.
+
+        This example demonstrates how to work with raw batches, but in practice
+        raw batches should be passed to an external library that can decode
+        BSON into another data type, rather than used with PyMongo's
+        :mod:`bson` module.
+
+          >>> import bson
+          >>> cursor = db.test.aggregate_raw_batches([
+          ...     {'$project': {'x': {'$multiply': [2, '$x']}}}])
+          >>> for batch in cursor:
+          ...     print(bson.decode_all(batch))
+
+        .. note:: aggregate_raw_batches does not support auto encryption.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.12
+           Added session support.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.6
+        """
+        # OP_MSG is required to support encryption.
+        if self.__database.client._encrypter:
+            raise InvalidOperation("aggregate_raw_batches does not support auto encryption")
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session, close=False) as s:
+            return self._aggregate(
+                _CollectionRawAggregationCommand,
+                pipeline,
+                RawBatchCommandCursor,
+                session=s,
+                explicit_session=session is not None,
+                **kwargs,
+            )
+
+    def watch(
+        self,
+        pipeline: Optional[_Pipeline] = None,
+        full_document: Optional[str] = None,
+        resume_after: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        max_await_time_ms: Optional[int] = None,
+        batch_size: Optional[int] = None,
+        collation: Optional[_CollationIn] = None,
+        start_at_operation_time: Optional[Timestamp] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        start_after: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        full_document_before_change: Optional[str] = None,
+    ) -> CollectionChangeStream[_DocumentType]:
+        """Watch changes on this collection.
+
+        Performs an aggregation with an implicit initial ``$changeStream``
+        stage and returns a
+        :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` cursor which
+        iterates over changes on this collection.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+           with db.collection.watch() as stream:
+               for change in stream:
+                   print(change)
+
+        The :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` iterable
+        blocks until the next change document is returned or an error is
+        raised. If the
+        :meth:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream.next` method
+        encounters a network error when retrieving a batch from the server,
+        it will automatically attempt to recreate the cursor such that no
+        change events are missed. Any error encountered during the resume
+        attempt indicates there may be an outage and will be raised.
+
+        .. code-block:: python
+
+            try:
+                with db.collection.watch(
+                        [{'$match': {'operationType': 'insert'}}]) as stream:
+                    for insert_change in stream:
+                        print(insert_change)
+            except pymongo.errors.PyMongoError:
+                # The ChangeStream encountered an unrecoverable error or the
+                # resume attempt failed to recreate the cursor.
+                logging.error('...')
+
+        For a precise description of the resume process see the
+        `change streams specification`_.
+
+        .. note:: Using this helper method is preferred to directly calling
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.aggregate` with a
+            ``$changeStream`` stage, for the purpose of supporting
+            resumability.
+
+        .. warning:: This Collection's :attr:`read_concern` must be
+            ``ReadConcern("majority")`` in order to use the ``$changeStream``
+            stage.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `pipeline` (optional): A list of aggregation pipeline stages to
+            append to an initial ``$changeStream`` stage. Not all
+            pipeline stages are valid after a ``$changeStream`` stage, see the
+            MongoDB documentation on change streams for the supported stages.
+          - `full_document` (optional): The fullDocument to pass as an option
+            to the ``$changeStream`` stage. Allowed values: 'updateLookup',
+            'whenAvailable', 'required'. When set to 'updateLookup', the
+            change notification for partial updates will include both a delta
+            describing the changes to the document, as well as a copy of the
+            entire document that was changed from some time after the change
+            occurred.
+          - `full_document_before_change`: Allowed values: 'whenAvailable'
+            and 'required'. Change events may now result in a
+            'fullDocumentBeforeChange' response field.
+          - `resume_after` (optional): A resume token. If provided, the
+            change stream will start returning changes that occur directly
+            after the operation specified in the resume token. A resume token
+            is the _id value of a change document.
+          - `max_await_time_ms` (optional): The maximum time in milliseconds
+            for the server to wait for changes before responding to a getMore
+            operation.
+          - `batch_size` (optional): The maximum number of documents to return
+            per batch.
+          - `collation` (optional): The :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`
+            to use for the aggregation.
+          - `start_at_operation_time` (optional): If provided, the resulting
+            change stream will only return changes that occurred at or after
+            the specified :class:`~bson.timestamp.Timestamp`. Requires
+            MongoDB >= 4.0.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `start_after` (optional): The same as `resume_after` except that
+            `start_after` can resume notifications after an invalidate event.
+            This option and `resume_after` are mutually exclusive.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+
+        :Returns:
+          A :class:`~pymongo.change_stream.CollectionChangeStream` cursor.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.2
+            Added ``full_document_before_change`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``comment`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.9
+           Added the ``start_after`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.7
+           Added the ``start_at_operation_time`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.6
+
+        .. seealso:: The MongoDB documentation on `changeStreams <https://mongodb.com/docs/manual/changeStreams/>`_.
+
+        .. _change streams specification:
+            https://github.com/mongodb/specifications/blob/master/source/change-streams/change-streams.rst
+        """
+        return CollectionChangeStream(
+            self,
+            pipeline,
+            full_document,
+            resume_after,
+            max_await_time_ms,
+            batch_size,
+            collation,
+            start_at_operation_time,
+            session,
+            start_after,
+            comment,
+            full_document_before_change,
+        )
+
+    @_csot.apply
+    def rename(
+        self,
+        new_name: str,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> MutableMapping[str, Any]:
+        """Rename this collection.
+
+        If operating in auth mode, client must be authorized as an
+        admin to perform this operation. Raises :class:`TypeError` if
+        `new_name` is not an instance of :class:`basestring`
+        (:class:`str` in python 3). Raises :class:`~pymongo.errors.InvalidName`
+        if `new_name` is not a valid collection name.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `new_name`: new name for this collection
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): additional arguments to the rename command
+            may be passed as keyword arguments to this helper method
+            (i.e. ``dropTarget=True``)
+
+        .. note:: The :attr:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.write_concern` of
+           this collection is automatically applied to this operation.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Apply this collection's write concern automatically to this operation
+           when connected to MongoDB >= 3.4.
+
+        """
+        if not isinstance(new_name, str):
+            raise TypeError("new_name must be an instance of str")
+
+        if not new_name or ".." in new_name:
+            raise InvalidName("collection names cannot be empty")
+        if new_name[0] == "." or new_name[-1] == ".":
+            raise InvalidName("collecion names must not start or end with '.'")
+        if "$" in new_name and not new_name.startswith("oplog.$main"):
+            raise InvalidName("collection names must not contain '$'")
+
+        new_name = "%s.%s" % (self.__database.name, new_name)
+        cmd = SON([("renameCollection", self.__full_name), ("to", new_name)])
+        cmd.update(kwargs)
+        if comment is not None:
+            cmd["comment"] = comment
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for_cmd(cmd, session)
+
+        with self._socket_for_writes(session) as sock_info:
+            with self.__database.client._tmp_session(session) as s:
+                return sock_info.command(
+                    "admin",
+                    cmd,
+                    write_concern=write_concern,
+                    parse_write_concern_error=True,
+                    session=s,
+                    client=self.__database.client,
+                )
+
+    def distinct(
+        self,
+        key: str,
+        filter: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> List:
+        """Get a list of distinct values for `key` among all documents
+        in this collection.
+
+        Raises :class:`TypeError` if `key` is not an instance of
+        :class:`basestring` (:class:`str` in python 3).
+
+        All optional distinct parameters should be passed as keyword arguments
+        to this method. Valid options include:
+
+          - `maxTimeMS` (int): The maximum amount of time to allow the count
+            command to run, in milliseconds.
+          - `collation` (optional): An instance of
+            :class:`~pymongo.collation.Collation`.
+
+        The :meth:`distinct` method obeys the :attr:`read_preference` of
+        this :class:`Collection`.
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `key`: name of the field for which we want to get the distinct
+            values
+          - `filter` (optional): A query document that specifies the documents
+            from which to retrieve the distinct values.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): See list of options above.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Support the `collation` option.
+
+        """
+        if not isinstance(key, str):
+            raise TypeError("key must be an instance of str")
+        cmd = SON([("distinct", self.__name), ("key", key)])
+        if filter is not None:
+            if "query" in kwargs:
+                raise ConfigurationError("can't pass both filter and query")
+            kwargs["query"] = filter
+        collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None))
+        cmd.update(kwargs)
+        if comment is not None:
+            cmd["comment"] = comment
+
+        def _cmd(session, server, sock_info, read_preference):
+            return self._command(
+                sock_info,
+                cmd,
+                read_preference=read_preference,
+                read_concern=self.read_concern,
+                collation=collation,
+                session=session,
+                user_fields={"values": 1},
+            )["values"]
+
+        return self._retryable_non_cursor_read(_cmd, session)
+
+    def _write_concern_for_cmd(self, cmd, session):
+        raw_wc = cmd.get("writeConcern")
+        if raw_wc is not None:
+            return WriteConcern(**raw_wc)
+        else:
+            return self._write_concern_for(session)
+
+    def __find_and_modify(
+        self,
+        filter,
+        projection,
+        sort,
+        upsert=None,
+        return_document=ReturnDocument.BEFORE,
+        array_filters=None,
+        hint=None,
+        session=None,
+        let=None,
+        **kwargs,
+    ):
+        """Internal findAndModify helper."""
+
+        common.validate_is_mapping("filter", filter)
+        if not isinstance(return_document, bool):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "return_document must be ReturnDocument.BEFORE or ReturnDocument.AFTER"
+            )
+        collation = validate_collation_or_none(kwargs.pop("collation", None))
+        cmd = SON([("findAndModify", self.__name), ("query", filter), ("new", return_document)])
+        if let is not None:
+            common.validate_is_mapping("let", let)
+            cmd["let"] = let
+        cmd.update(kwargs)
+        if projection is not None:
+            cmd["fields"] = helpers._fields_list_to_dict(projection, "projection")
+        if sort is not None:
+            cmd["sort"] = helpers._index_document(sort)
+        if upsert is not None:
+            common.validate_boolean("upsert", upsert)
+            cmd["upsert"] = upsert
+        if hint is not None:
+            if not isinstance(hint, str):
+                hint = helpers._index_document(hint)
+
+        write_concern = self._write_concern_for_cmd(cmd, session)
+
+        def _find_and_modify(session, sock_info, retryable_write):
+            acknowledged = write_concern.acknowledged
+            if array_filters is not None:
+                if not acknowledged:
+                    raise ConfigurationError(
+                        "arrayFilters is unsupported for unacknowledged writes."
+                    )
+                cmd["arrayFilters"] = list(array_filters)
+            if hint is not None:
+                if sock_info.max_wire_version < 8:
+                    raise ConfigurationError(
+                        "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.2+ to use hint on find and modify commands."
+                    )
+                elif not acknowledged and sock_info.max_wire_version < 9:
+                    raise ConfigurationError(
+                        "Must be connected to MongoDB 4.4+ to use hint on unacknowledged find and modify commands."
+                    )
+                cmd["hint"] = hint
+            out = self._command(
+                sock_info,
+                cmd,
+                read_preference=ReadPreference.PRIMARY,
+                write_concern=write_concern,
+                collation=collation,
+                session=session,
+                retryable_write=retryable_write,
+                user_fields=_FIND_AND_MODIFY_DOC_FIELDS,
+            )
+            _check_write_command_response(out)
+
+            return out.get("value")
+
+        return self.__database.client._retryable_write(
+            write_concern.acknowledged, _find_and_modify, session
+        )
+
+    def find_one_and_delete(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        projection: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, Any], Iterable[str]]] = None,
+        sort: Optional[_IndexList] = None,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> _DocumentType:
+        """Finds a single document and deletes it, returning the document.
+
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
+          2
+          >>> db.test.find_one_and_delete({'x': 1})
+          {'x': 1, '_id': ObjectId('54f4e12bfba5220aa4d6dee8')}
+          >>> db.test.count_documents({'x': 1})
+          1
+
+        If multiple documents match *filter*, a *sort* can be applied.
+
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({'x': 1}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 0}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 1}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 2}
+          >>> db.test.find_one_and_delete(
+          ...     {'x': 1}, sort=[('_id', pymongo.DESCENDING)])
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 2}
+
+        The *projection* option can be used to limit the fields returned.
+
+          >>> db.test.find_one_and_delete({'x': 1}, projection={'_id': False})
+          {'x': 1}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the document to delete.
+          - `projection` (optional): a list of field names that should be
+            returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields
+            to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
+            always be returned. Use a mapping to exclude fields from
+            the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
+          - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
+            specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents
+            match the query, they are sorted and the first is deleted.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query predicate
+            specified either by its string name, or in the same format as
+            passed to :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index`
+            (e.g. ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported
+            on MongoDB 4.4 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed
+            as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with
+            recent server versions).
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added ``hint`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+           Respects write concern.
+
+        .. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the
+           :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this
+           :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >=
+           3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may
+           be slower compared to using the default write concern.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Added the `collation` option.
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        kwargs["remove"] = True
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        return self.__find_and_modify(
+            filter, projection, sort, let=let, hint=hint, session=session, **kwargs
+        )
+
+    def find_one_and_replace(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        replacement: Mapping[str, Any],
+        projection: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, Any], Iterable[str]]] = None,
+        sort: Optional[_IndexList] = None,
+        upsert: bool = False,
+        return_document: bool = ReturnDocument.BEFORE,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> _DocumentType:
+        """Finds a single document and replaces it, returning either the
+        original or the replaced document.
+
+        The :meth:`find_one_and_replace` method differs from
+        :meth:`find_one_and_update` by replacing the document matched by
+        *filter*, rather than modifying the existing document.
+
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 0}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 1}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 2}
+          >>> db.test.find_one_and_replace({'x': 1}, {'y': 1})
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 0}
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'y': 1, '_id': 0}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 1}
+          {'x': 1, '_id': 2}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the document to replace.
+          - `replacement`: The replacement document.
+          - `projection` (optional): A list of field names that should be
+            returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields
+            to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
+            always be returned. Use a mapping to exclude fields from
+            the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
+          - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
+            specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents
+            match the query, they are sorted and the first is replaced.
+          - `upsert` (optional): When ``True``, inserts a new document if no
+            document matches the query. Defaults to ``False``.
+          - `return_document`: If
+            :attr:`ReturnDocument.BEFORE` (the default),
+            returns the original document before it was replaced, or ``None``
+            if no document matches. If
+            :attr:`ReturnDocument.AFTER`, returns the replaced
+            or inserted document.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
+            predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
+            format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
+            MongoDB 4.4 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed
+            as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with
+            recent server versions).
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 4.1
+           Added ``let`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added the ``hint`` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added ``session`` parameter.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Added the ``collation`` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+           Respects write concern.
+
+        .. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the
+           :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this
+           :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >=
+           3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may
+           be slower compared to using the default write concern.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        common.validate_ok_for_replace(replacement)
+        kwargs["update"] = replacement
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        return self.__find_and_modify(
+            filter,
+            projection,
+            sort,
+            upsert,
+            return_document,
+            let=let,
+            hint=hint,
+            session=session,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+    def find_one_and_update(
+        self,
+        filter: Mapping[str, Any],
+        update: Union[Mapping[str, Any], _Pipeline],
+        projection: Optional[Union[Mapping[str, Any], Iterable[str]]] = None,
+        sort: Optional[_IndexList] = None,
+        upsert: bool = False,
+        return_document: bool = ReturnDocument.BEFORE,
+        array_filters: Optional[Sequence[Mapping[str, Any]]] = None,
+        hint: Optional[_IndexKeyHint] = None,
+        session: Optional["ClientSession"] = None,
+        let: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
+        comment: Optional[Any] = None,
+        **kwargs: Any,
+    ) -> _DocumentType:
+        """Finds a single document and updates it, returning either the
+        original or the updated document.
+
+          >>> db.test.find_one_and_update(
+          ...    {'_id': 665}, {'$inc': {'count': 1}, '$set': {'done': True}})
+          {'_id': 665, 'done': False, 'count': 25}}
+
+        Returns ``None`` if no document matches the filter.
+
+          >>> db.test.find_one_and_update(
+          ...    {'_exists': False}, {'$inc': {'count': 1}})
+
+        When the filter matches, by default :meth:`find_one_and_update`
+        returns the original version of the document before the update was
+        applied. To return the updated (or inserted in the case of
+        *upsert*) version of the document instead, use the *return_document*
+        option.
+
+          >>> from pymongo import ReturnDocument
+          >>> db.example.find_one_and_update(
+          ...     {'_id': 'userid'},
+          ...     {'$inc': {'seq': 1}},
+          ...     return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER)
+          {'_id': 'userid', 'seq': 1}
+
+        You can limit the fields returned with the *projection* option.
+
+          >>> db.example.find_one_and_update(
+          ...     {'_id': 'userid'},
+          ...     {'$inc': {'seq': 1}},
+          ...     projection={'seq': True, '_id': False},
+          ...     return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER)
+          {'seq': 2}
+
+        The *upsert* option can be used to create the document if it doesn't
+        already exist.
+
+          >>> db.example.delete_many({}).deleted_count
+          1
+          >>> db.example.find_one_and_update(
+          ...     {'_id': 'userid'},
+          ...     {'$inc': {'seq': 1}},
+          ...     projection={'seq': True, '_id': False},
+          ...     upsert=True,
+          ...     return_document=ReturnDocument.AFTER)
+          {'seq': 1}
+
+        If multiple documents match *filter*, a *sort* can be applied.
+
+          >>> for doc in db.test.find({'done': True}):
+          ...     print(doc)
+          ...
+          {'_id': 665, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 26}}
+          {'_id': 701, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 17}}
+          >>> db.test.find_one_and_update(
+          ...     {'done': True},
+          ...     {'$set': {'final': True}},
+          ...     sort=[('_id', pymongo.DESCENDING)])
+          {'_id': 701, 'done': True, 'result': {'count': 17}}
+
+        :Parameters:
+          - `filter`: A query that matches the document to update.
+          - `update`: The update operations to apply.
+          - `projection` (optional): A list of field names that should be
+            returned in the result document or a mapping specifying the fields
+            to include or exclude. If `projection` is a list "_id" will
+            always be returned. Use a dict to exclude fields from
+            the result (e.g. projection={'_id': False}).
+          - `sort` (optional): a list of (key, direction) pairs
+            specifying the sort order for the query. If multiple documents
+            match the query, they are sorted and the first is updated.
+          - `upsert` (optional): When ``True``, inserts a new document if no
+            document matches the query. Defaults to ``False``.
+          - `return_document`: If
+            :attr:`ReturnDocument.BEFORE` (the default),
+            returns the original document before it was updated. If
+            :attr:`ReturnDocument.AFTER`, returns the updated
+            or inserted document.
+          - `array_filters` (optional): A list of filters specifying which
+            array elements an update should apply.
+          - `hint` (optional): An index to use to support the query
+            predicate specified either by its string name, or in the same
+            format as passed to
+            :meth:`~pymongo.collection.Collection.create_index` (e.g.
+            ``[('field', ASCENDING)]``). This option is only supported on
+            MongoDB 4.4 and above.
+          - `session` (optional): a
+            :class:`~pymongo.client_session.ClientSession`.
+          - `let` (optional): Map of parameter names and values. Values must be
+            constant or closed expressions that do not reference document
+            fields. Parameters can then be accessed as variables in an
+            aggregate expression context (e.g. "$$var").
+          - `comment` (optional): A user-provided comment to attach to this
+            command.
+          - `**kwargs` (optional): additional command arguments can be passed
+            as keyword arguments (for example maxTimeMS can be used with
+            recent server versions).
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.11
+           Added the ``hint`` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.9
+           Added the ability to accept a pipeline as the ``update``.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.6
+           Added the ``array_filters`` and ``session`` options.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.4
+           Added the ``collation`` option.
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.2
+           Respects write concern.
+
+        .. warning:: Starting in PyMongo 3.2, this command uses the
+           :class:`~pymongo.write_concern.WriteConcern` of this
+           :class:`~pymongo.collection.Collection` when connected to MongoDB >=
+           3.2. Note that using an elevated write concern with this command may
+           be slower compared to using the default write concern.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 3.0
+        """
+        common.validate_ok_for_update(update)
+        common.validate_list_or_none("array_filters", array_filters)
+        kwargs["update"] = update
+        if comment is not None:
+            kwargs["comment"] = comment
+        return self.__find_and_modify(
+            filter,
+            projection,
+            sort,
+            upsert,
+            return_document,
+            array_filters,
+            hint=hint,
+            let=let,
+            session=session,
+            **kwargs,
+        )
+
+    # See PYTHON-3084.
+    __iter__ = None
+
+    def __next__(self) -> NoReturn:
+        raise TypeError("'Collection' object is not iterable")
+
+    next = __next__
+
+    def __call__(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> NoReturn:
+        """This is only here so that some API misusages are easier to debug."""
+        if "." not in self.__name:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "'Collection' object is not callable. If you "
+                "meant to call the '%s' method on a 'Database' "
+                "object it is failing because no such method "
+                "exists." % self.__name
+            )
+        raise TypeError(
+            "'Collection' object is not callable. If you meant to "
+            "call the '%s' method on a 'Collection' object it is "
+            "failing because no such method exists." % self.__name.split(".")[-1]
+        )