sdsykes-ferret 0.11.6.19

data/ext/hash.h

@@ -0,0 +1,473 @@
+#ifndef FRT_HASH_H
+#define FRT_HASH_H
+
+#include "global.h"
+
+/****************************************************************************
+ *
+ * HashTable
+ *
+ ****************************************************************************/
+
+#define HASH_MINSIZE 8
+#define SLOW_DOWN 50000         /* stop increasing the hash table so quickly to
+                                 * conserve memory */
+
+/**
+ * Return values for h_set
+ */
+enum HashSetValues
+{
+    HASH_KEY_DOES_NOT_EXIST = 0,
+    HASH_KEY_EQUAL = 1,
+    HASH_KEY_SAME = 2
+};
+
+/**
+ * struct used internally to store values in the HashTable
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+    unsigned long hash;
+    void *key;
+    void *value;
+} HashEntry;
+
+/**
+ * As the hash table is filled and entries are deleted, Dummy HashEntries are
+ * put in place. We therefor keep two counts. +size+ is the number active
+ * elements and +fill+ is the number of active elements together with the
+ * number of dummy elements. +fill+ is basically just kept around so that we
+ * know when to resize. The HashTable is resized when more than two thirds of
+ * the HashTable is Filled. 
+ */
+typedef struct HashTable
+{
+    int fill;                   /* num Active + num Dummy */
+    int size;                   /* num Active ie, num keys set */
+    int mask;                   /* capacity_of_table - 1 */
+    int ref_cnt;
+
+    /* table points to smalltable initially. If the table grows beyond 2/3 of
+     * HASH_MINSIZE it will point to newly malloced memory as it grows. */
+    HashEntry *table;
+
+    /* When a HashTable is created it needs an initial table to start if off.
+     * All HashTables will start with smalltable and then malloc a larger
+     * table as the HashTable grows */
+    HashEntry smalltable[HASH_MINSIZE];
+
+    /* the following function pointers are used internally and should not be
+     * used outside of the HashTable methods */
+    HashEntry    *(*lookup_i)(struct HashTable *self, register const void *key);
+    unsigned long (*hash_i)(const void *key);
+    int           (*eq_i)(const void *key1, const void *key2);
+    void          (*free_key_i)(void *p);
+    void          (*free_value_i)(void *p);
+} HashTable;
+
+/**
+ * Hashing function type used by HashTable. A function of this type must be
+ * passed to create a new HashTable.
+ *
+ * @param key object to hash
+ * @return an unsigned 32-bit integer hash value
+ */
+typedef unsigned long (*hash_ft)(const void *key);
+
+/**
+ * Equals function type used by HashTable. A function of this type must be
+ * passed to create a new HashTable.
+ */
+typedef int (*eq_ft)(const void *key1, const void *key2);
+
+/**
+ * Determine a hash value for a string. The string must be null terminated
+ *
+ * @param str string to hash
+ * @return an unsigned long integer hash value
+ */
+extern unsigned long str_hash(const char *const str);
+
+/**
+ * Determine a hash value for a pointer. Just cast the pointer to an unsigned
+ * long.
+ *
+ * @param ptr pointer to hash
+ * @return an unsigned long integer hash value
+ */
+extern unsigned long ptr_hash(const void *const ptr);
+
+/**
+ * Determine if two pointers point to the same point in memory.
+ *
+ * @param q1 first pointer
+ * @param q2 second pointer
+ * @return true if the pointers are equal
+ */
+extern int ptr_eq(const void *q1, const void *q2);
+
+/**
+ * Create a new HashTable that uses any type of object as it's key. The
+ * HashTable will store all keys and values so if you want to destroy those
+ * values when the HashTable is destroyed then you should pass free functions.
+ * NULL will suffice otherwise.
+ *
+ * @param hash function to determine the hash value of a key in the HashTable
+ * @param eq function to determine the equality of to keys in the HashTable
+ * @param free_key function to free the key stored in the HashTable when an
+ *    entry is deleted, replaced or when the HashTable is destroyed. If you
+ *    pass NULL in place of this parameter the key will not be destroyed.
+ * @param free_value function to free the value stored in the HashTable when
+ *    an entry is deleted, replaced or when the HashTable is destroyed. If you
+ *    pass NULL in place of this parameter the value will not be destroyed.
+ * @return A newly allocated HashTable
+ */
+extern HashTable *h_new(hash_ft hash, eq_ft eq, free_ft free_key,
+                        free_ft free_value);
+
+/**
+ * Create a new HashTable that uses null-terminated strings as it's keys. The
+ * HashTable will store all keys and values so if you want to destroy those
+ * values when the HashTable is destroyed then you should pass free functions.
+ * NULL will suffice otherwise.
+ *
+ * @param free_key function to free the key stored in the HashTable when an
+ *    entry is deleted, replaced or when the HashTable is destroyed. If you
+ *    pass NULL in place of this parameter the key will not be destroyed.
+ * @param free_value function to free the value stored in the HashTable when
+ *    an entry is deleted, replaced or when the HashTable is destroyed. If you
+ *    pass NULL in place of this parameter the value will not be destroyed.
+ * @return A newly allocated HashTable
+ */
+extern HashTable *h_new_str(free_ft free_key, free_ft free_value);
+
+/**
+ * Create a new HashTable that uses integers as it's keys. The
+ * HashTable will store all values so if you want to destroy those
+ * values when the HashTable is destroyed then you should pass a free function.
+ * NULL will suffice otherwise.
+ *
+ * @param free_value function to free the value stored in the HashTable when
+ *    an entry is deleted, replaced or when the HashTable is destroyed. If you
+ *    pass NULL in place of this parameter the value will not be destroyed.
+ * @return A newly allocated HashTable
+ */
+extern HashTable *h_new_int(free_ft free_value);
+
+/**
+ * Destroy the HashTable. This function will also destroy all keys and values
+ * in the HashTable depending on how the free_key and free_value were set.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to destroy
+ */
+extern void h_destroy(HashTable *self);
+
+/**
+ * Clear the HashTable. This function will delete all keys and values from the
+ * hash table, also destroying all keys and values in the HashTable depending
+ * on how the free_key and free_value were set.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to clear
+ */
+extern void h_clear(HashTable *self);
+
+/**
+ * Get the value in the HashTable referenced by the key +key+.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to reference
+ * @param key the key to lookup
+ * @return the value referenced by the key +key+. If there is no value
+ *   referenced by that key, NULL is returned.
+ */
+extern void *h_get(HashTable *self, const void *key);
+
+/**
+ * Delete the value in HashTable referenced by the key +key+. When the value
+ * is deleted it is also destroyed along with the key depending on how
+ * free_key and free_value where set when the HashTable was created. If you
+ * don't want to destroy the value use h_rem. 
+ *
+ * This functions returns +true+ if the value was deleted successfully or
+ * false if the key was not found.
+ *
+ * @see h_rem
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to reference
+ * @param key the key to lookup
+ * @return true if the object was successfully deleted or false if the key was
+ *   not found
+ */
+extern int h_del(HashTable *self, const void *key);
+
+/**
+ * Remove the value in HashTable referenced by the key +key+. When the value
+ * is removed it is returned rather than destroyed. The key however is
+ * destroyed using the free_key functions passed when the HashTable is created
+ * if del_key is true.
+ *
+ * If you want the value to be destroyed, use the h_del function.
+ *
+ * @see h_del
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to reference
+ * @param key the key to lookup
+ * @param del_key set to true if you want the key to be deleted when the value
+ *   is removed from the HashTable
+ * @return the value referenced by +key+ if it can be found or NULL otherwise
+ */
+extern void *h_rem(HashTable *self, const void *key, bool del_key);
+
+/**
+ * WARNING: this function may destroy an old value or key if the key already
+ * exists in the HashTable, depending on how free_value and free_key were set
+ * for this HashTable.
+ *
+ * Add the value +value+ to the HashTable referencing it with key +key+.
+ *
+ * When a value is added to the HashTable it replaces any value that
+ * might already be stored under that key. If free_value is already set then
+ * the old value will be freed using that function.
+ *
+ * Similarly the old key might replace be replaced by the new key if they are
+ * are equal (according to the HashTable's eq function) but seperately
+ * allocated objects.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to add the value to
+ * @param key the key to use to reference the value
+ * @param value the value to add to the HashTable
+ * @return one of three values;
+ *   <pre>
+ *     HASH_KEY_DOES_NOT_EXIST  there was no value stored with that key
+ *     HASH_KEY_EQUAL           the key existed and was seperately allocated.
+ *                              In this situation the old key will have been
+ *                              destroyed if free_key was set
+ *     HASH_KEY_SAME            the key was identical (same memory pointer) to
+ *                              the existing key so no key was freed
+ *   </pre>
+ */
+extern int h_set(HashTable *self, const void *key, void *value);
+
+/**
+ * Add the value +value+ to the HashTable referencing it with key +key+. If
+ * the key already exists in the HashTable, the value won't be added and the
+ * function will return false. Otherwise it will return true.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to add the value to
+ * @param key the key to use to reference the value
+ * @param value the value to add to the HashTable
+ * @return true if the value was successfully added or false otherwise
+ */
+extern int h_set_safe(HashTable *self, const void *key, void *value);
+
+/**
+ * Return a hash entry object so you can handle the insert yourself. This can
+ * be used for performance reasons or for more control over how a value is
+ * added. Say, for example, you wanted to append a value to an array, or add a
+ * new array if non-existed, you could use this method by checking the value
+ * of the HashEntry returned.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to add the value to
+ * @param key the key to use to reference the value
+ * @return HashEntry a pointer to the hash entry object now reserved for this
+ * value. Be sure to set both the *key* and the *value*
+ */
+extern HashEntry *h_set_ext(HashTable *ht, const void *key);
+
+/**
+ * Check whether key +key+ exists in the HashTable.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to check in
+ * @param key the key to check for in the HashTable
+ * @return true if the key exists in the HashTable, false otherwise.
+ */
+extern int h_has_key(HashTable *self, const void *key);
+
+/**
+ * Get the value in the HashTable referenced by an integer key +key+.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to reference
+ * @param key the integer key to lookup
+ * @return the value referenced by the key +key+. If there is no value
+ *   referenced by that key, NULL is returned.
+ */
+extern void *h_get_int(HashTable *self, const unsigned long key);
+
+/**
+ * Delete the value in HashTable referenced by the integer key +key+. When the
+ * value is deleted it is also destroyed using the free_value function. If you
+ * don't want to destroy the value use h_rem. 
+ *
+ * This functions returns +true+ if the value was deleted successfully or
+ * false if the key was not found.
+ *
+ * @see h_rem
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to reference
+ * @param key the integer key to lookup
+ * @return true if the object was successfully deleted or false if the key was
+ *   not found
+ */
+extern int h_del_int(HashTable *self, const unsigned long key);
+
+/**
+ * Remove the value in HashTable referenced by the integer key +key+. When the
+ * value is removed it is returned rather than destroyed.
+ *
+ * If you want the value to be destroyed, use the h_del function.
+ *
+ * @see h_del
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to reference
+ * @param key the integer key to lookup
+ * @return the value referenced by +key+ if it can be found or NULL otherwise
+ */
+extern void *h_rem_int(HashTable *self, const unsigned long key);
+
+/**
+ * WARNING: this function may destroy an old value if the key already exists
+ * in the HashTable, depending on how free_value was set for this HashTable.
+ *
+ * Add the value +value+ to the HashTable referencing it with an integer key
+ * +key+.
+ *
+ * When a value is added to the HashTable it replaces any value that
+ * might already be stored under that key. If free_value is already set then
+ * the old value will be freed using that function.
+ *
+ * Similarly the old key might replace be replaced by the new key if they are
+ * are equal (according to the HashTable's eq function) but seperately
+ * allocated objects.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to add the value to
+ * @param key the integer key to use to reference the value
+ * @param value the value to add to the HashTable
+ * @return one of three values;
+ *   <pre>
+ *     HASH_KEY_DOES_NOT_EXIST  there was no value stored with that key
+ *     HASH_KEY_EQUAL           the key existed and was seperately allocated.
+ *                              In this situation the old key will have been
+ *                              destroyed if free_key was set
+ *     HASH_KEY_SAME            the key was identical (same memory pointer) to
+ *                              the existing key so no key was freed
+ *   </pre>
+ */
+extern int h_set_int(HashTable *self, const unsigned long key, void *value);
+
+/**
+ * Add the value +value+ to the HashTable referencing it with integer key
+ * +key+. If the key already exists in the HashTable, the value won't be added
+ * and the function will return false. Otherwise it will return true.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to add the value to
+ * @param key the integer key to use to reference the value
+ * @param value the value to add to the HashTable
+ * @return true if the value was successfully added or false otherwise
+ */
+extern int h_set_safe_int(HashTable *self, const unsigned long key, void *value);
+/**
+ * Check whether integer key +key+ exists in the HashTable.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to check in
+ * @param key the integer key to check for in the HashTable
+ * @return true if the key exists in the HashTable, false otherwise.
+ */
+extern int h_has_key_int(HashTable *self, const unsigned long key);
+
+typedef void (*h_each_key_val_ft)(void *key, void *value, void *arg);
+
+/**
+ * Run function +each_key_val+ on each key and value in the HashTable. The third
+ * argument +arg+ will also be passed to +each_key_val+. If you need to pass
+ * more than one argument to the function you should pass a struct.
+ *
+ * example;
+ *
+ * // Lets say we have stored strings in a HashTable and we want to put them
+ * // all into an array. First we need to create a struct to store the
+ * // strings;
+ *
+ * struct StringArray {
+ *   char **strings;
+ *   int cnt;
+ *   int size;
+ * };
+ *
+ * static void add_string_ekv(void *key, void *value,
+ *                            struct StringArray *str_arr)
+ * {
+ *   str_arr->strings[str_arr->cnt] = (char *)value;
+ *   str_arr->cnt++;
+ * }
+ *
+ * struct StringArray *h_extract_strings(HashTable *ht)
+ * {
+ *   struct StringArray *str_arr = ALLOC(struct StringArray);
+ *
+ *   str_arr->strings = ALLOC_N(char *, ht->size);
+ *   str_arr->cnt = 0;
+ *   str_arr->size = ht->size;
+ *
+ *   h_each(ht, (h_each_key_val_ft)add_string_ekv, str_arr);
+ *
+ *   return str_arr;
+ * }
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to run the function on
+ * @param each_key_val function to run on on each key and value in the
+ *   HashTable
+ * @param arg an extra argument to pass to each_key_val each time it is called
+ */
+extern void h_each(HashTable *self,
+                   void (*each_key_val)(void *key, void *value, void *arg),
+                   void *arg);
+
+typedef void *(*h_clone_func_t)(void *val);
+/**
+ * Clone the HashTable as well as cloning each of the keys and values if you
+ * want to do a deep clone. To do a deep clone you will need to pass a
+ * clone_key function and/or a clone_value function.
+ *
+ * @param self the HashTable to clone
+ * @param clone_key the function to clone the key with
+ * @param clone_value the function to clone the value with
+ * @return a clone of the original HashTable
+ */
+extern HashTable *h_clone(HashTable *self,
+                          h_clone_func_t clone_key,
+                          h_clone_func_t clone_value);
+
+/*
+ * The following functions should only be used in static HashTable
+ * declarations
+ */
+/**
+ * This is the lookup function for a hash table keyed with strings. Since it
+ * is so common for hash tables to be keyed with strings it gets it's own
+ * lookup function. This method will always return a HashEntry. If there is no
+ * entry with the given key then an empty entry will be returned with the key
+ * set to the key that was passed.
+ *
+ * @param ht the hash table to look in
+ * @param key the key to lookup
+ * @return the HashEntry that was found
+ */
+extern HashEntry *h_lookup_str(HashTable *ht, register const char *key);
+
+/**
+ * This is the lookup function for a hash table with non-string keys. The
+ * hash() and eq() methods used are stored in the hash table. This method will
+ * always return a HashEntry. If there is no entry with the given key then an
+ * empty entry will be returned with the key set to the key that was passed.
+ *
+ * @param ht the hash table to look in
+ * @param key the key to lookup
+ * @return the HashEntry that was found
+ */
+extern HashEntry *h_lookup(HashTable *ht, register const void *key);
+
+typedef HashEntry *(*h_lookup_ft)(HashTable *ht, register const void *key);
+
+extern void h_str_print_keys(HashTable *ht);
+
+#endif