sassc 2.0.1 → 2.1.0.pre1

data/ext/libsass/script/tap-runner

@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-$@ | tapout tap

data/ext/libsass/script/test-leaks.pl

@@ -1,103 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-############################################################
-# this perl script is meant for developers only!
-# it will run all spec-tests (without verifying the
-# results) via valgrind to detect possible leaks.
-# expect that it takes 1h or more to finish!
-############################################################
-# Prerequisite install: `cpan Parallel::Runner`
-# You may also need to install `cpan File::Find`
-# You may also need to install `cpan IPC::Run3`
-############################################################
-# usage: `perl test-leaks.pl [threads]`
-# example: `time perl test-leaks.pl 4`
-############################################################
-# leaks will be reported in "mem-leaks.log"
-############################################################
-
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-
-############################################################
-# configurations (you may adjust)
-############################################################
-
-# number of threads to use
-my $threads = $ARGV[0] || 8;
-
-# the github repositories to checkout
-# if you need other branch, clone manually!
-my $sassc = "https://www.github.com/sass/sassc";
-my $specs = "https://www.github.com/sass/sass-spec";
-
-############################################################
-# load modules
-############################################################
-
-use IPC::Run3;
-use IO::Handle;
-use Fcntl qw(:flock);
-use File::Find::Rule;
-use Parallel::Runner;
-use List::Util qw(shuffle);
-
-############################################################
-# check prerequisites
-############################################################
-
-unless (-d "../sassc") {
-  warn "sassc folder not found\n";
-  warn "trying to checkout via git\n";
-  system("git", "clone", $sassc, "../sassc");
-  die "git command did not exit gracefully" if $?;
-}
-
-unless (-d "../sass-spec") {
-  warn "sass-spec folder not found\n";
-  warn "trying to checkout via git\n";
-  system("git", "clone", $specs, "../sass-spec");
-  die "git command did not exit gracefully" if $?;
-}
-
-unless (-f "../sassc/bin/sassc") {
-  warn "sassc executable not found\n";
-  warn "trying to compile via make\n";
-  system("make", "-C", "../sassc", "-j", $threads);
-  die "make command did not exit gracefully" if $?;
-}
-
-############################################################
-# main runner code
-############################################################
-
-my $root = "../sass-spec/spec";
-my @files = File::Find::Rule->file()
-            ->name('input.scss')->in($root);
-
-open(my $leaks, ">", "mem-leaks.log");
-die "Cannot open log" unless $leaks;
-my $runner = Parallel::Runner->new($threads);
-die "Cannot start runner" unless $runner;
-
-print "##########################\n";
-print "Testing $#files spec files\n";
-print "##########################\n";
-
-foreach my $file (shuffle @files) {
-  $runner->run(sub {
-    $| = 1; select STDOUT;
-    my $cmd = sprintf('../sassc/bin/sassc %s', $file);
-    my $check = sprintf('valgrind --leak-check=yes %s', $cmd);
-    run3($check, undef, \ my $out, \ my $err);
-    if ($err =~ m/in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks/) {
-      print "."; # print success indicator
-    } else {
-      print "F"; # print error indicator
-      flock($leaks, LOCK_EX) or die "Cannot lock log";
-      $leaks->printflush("#" x 80, "\n", $err, "\n");
-      flock($leaks, LOCK_UN) or die "Cannot unlock log";
-    }
-  });
-}
-
-$runner->finish;

data/ext/libsass/src/functions.cpp

@@ -1,2234 +0,0 @@
-#include "sass.hpp"
-#include "functions.hpp"
-#include "ast.hpp"
-#include "context.hpp"
-#include "backtrace.hpp"
-#include "parser.hpp"
-#include "constants.hpp"
-#include "inspect.hpp"
-#include "extend.hpp"
-#include "eval.hpp"
-#include "util.hpp"
-#include "expand.hpp"
-#include "operators.hpp"
-#include "utf8_string.hpp"
-#include "sass/base.h"
-#include "utf8.h"
-
-#include <cstdint>
-#include <cstdlib>
-#include <cmath>
-#include <cctype>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <string>
-#include <iomanip>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <random>
-#include <set>
-
-#ifdef __MINGW32__
-#include "windows.h"
-#include "wincrypt.h"
-#endif
-
-#define ARG(argname, argtype) get_arg<argtype>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces)
-#define ARGM(argname, argtype, ctx) get_arg_m(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, ctx)
-
-// return a number object (copied since we want to have reduced units)
-#define ARGN(argname) get_arg_n(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces) // Number copy
-
-// special function for weird hsla percent (10px == 10% == 10 != 0.1)
-#define ARGVAL(argname) get_arg_val(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces) // double
-
-// macros for common ranges (u mean unsigned or upper, r for full range)
-#define DARG_U_FACT(argname) get_arg_r(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, - 0.0, 1.0) // double
-#define DARG_R_FACT(argname) get_arg_r(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, - 1.0, 1.0) // double
-#define DARG_U_BYTE(argname) get_arg_r(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, - 0.0, 255.0) // double
-#define DARG_R_BYTE(argname) get_arg_r(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, - 255.0, 255.0) // double
-#define DARG_U_PRCT(argname) get_arg_r(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, - 0.0, 100.0) // double
-#define DARG_R_PRCT(argname) get_arg_r(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, - 100.0, 100.0) // double
-
-// macros for color related inputs (rbg and alpha/opacity values)
-#define COLOR_NUM(argname) color_num(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces) // double
-#define ALPHA_NUM(argname) alpha_num(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces) // double
-
-namespace Sass {
-  using std::stringstream;
-  using std::endl;
-
-  Definition_Ptr make_native_function(Signature sig, Native_Function func, Context& ctx)
-  {
-    Parser sig_parser = Parser::from_c_str(sig, ctx, ctx.traces, ParserState("[built-in function]"));
-    sig_parser.lex<Prelexer::identifier>();
-    std::string name(Util::normalize_underscores(sig_parser.lexed));
-    Parameters_Obj params = sig_parser.parse_parameters();
-    return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Definition,
-                           ParserState("[built-in function]"),
-                           sig,
-                           name,
-                           params,
-                           func,
-                           false);
-  }
-
-  Definition_Ptr make_c_function(Sass_Function_Entry c_func, Context& ctx)
-  {
-    using namespace Prelexer;
-
-    const char* sig = sass_function_get_signature(c_func);
-    Parser sig_parser = Parser::from_c_str(sig, ctx, ctx.traces, ParserState("[c function]"));
-    // allow to overload generic callback plus @warn, @error and @debug with custom functions
-    sig_parser.lex < alternatives < identifier, exactly <'*'>,
-                                    exactly < Constants::warn_kwd >,
-                                    exactly < Constants::error_kwd >,
-                                    exactly < Constants::debug_kwd >
-                   >              >();
-    std::string name(Util::normalize_underscores(sig_parser.lexed));
-    Parameters_Obj params = sig_parser.parse_parameters();
-    return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Definition,
-                           ParserState("[c function]"),
-                           sig,
-                           name,
-                           params,
-                           c_func,
-                           false, true);
-  }
-
-  std::string function_name(Signature sig)
-  {
-    std::string str(sig);
-    return str.substr(0, str.find('('));
-  }
-
-  namespace Functions {
-
-    inline void handle_utf8_error (const ParserState& pstate, Backtraces traces)
-    {
-      try {
-       throw;
-      }
-      catch (utf8::invalid_code_point) {
-        std::string msg("utf8::invalid_code_point");
-        error(msg, pstate, traces);
-      }
-      catch (utf8::not_enough_room) {
-        std::string msg("utf8::not_enough_room");
-        error(msg, pstate, traces);
-      }
-      catch (utf8::invalid_utf8) {
-        std::string msg("utf8::invalid_utf8");
-        error(msg, pstate, traces);
-      }
-      catch (...) { throw; }
-    }
-
-    template <typename T>
-    T* get_arg(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces)
-    {
-      // Minimal error handling -- the expectation is that built-ins will be written correctly!
-      T* val = Cast<T>(env[argname]);
-      if (!val) {
-        std::string msg("argument `");
-        msg += argname;
-        msg += "` of `";
-        msg += sig;
-        msg += "` must be a ";
-        msg += T::type_name();
-        error(msg, pstate, traces);
-      }
-      return val;
-    }
-
-    Map_Ptr get_arg_m(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces, Context& ctx)
-    {
-      // Minimal error handling -- the expectation is that built-ins will be written correctly!
-      Map_Ptr val = Cast<Map>(env[argname]);
-      if (val) return val;
-
-      List_Ptr lval = Cast<List>(env[argname]);
-      if (lval && lval->length() == 0) return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Map, pstate, 0);
-
-      // fallback on get_arg for error handling
-      val = get_arg<Map>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces);
-      return val;
-    }
-
-    double get_arg_r(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces, double lo, double hi)
-    {
-      // Minimal error handling -- the expectation is that built-ins will be written correctly!
-      Number_Ptr val = get_arg<Number>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces);
-      Number tmpnr(val);
-      tmpnr.reduce();
-      double v = tmpnr.value();
-      if (!(lo <= v && v <= hi)) {
-        std::stringstream msg;
-        msg << "argument `" << argname << "` of `" << sig << "` must be between ";
-        msg << lo << " and " << hi;
-        error(msg.str(), pstate, traces);
-      }
-      return v;
-    }
-
-    Number_Ptr get_arg_n(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces)
-    {
-      // Minimal error handling -- the expectation is that built-ins will be written correctly!
-      Number_Ptr val = get_arg<Number>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces);
-      val = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(val);
-      val->reduce();
-      return val;
-    }
-
-    double get_arg_v(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces)
-    {
-      // Minimal error handling -- the expectation is that built-ins will be written correctly!
-      Number_Ptr val = get_arg<Number>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces);
-      Number tmpnr(val);
-      tmpnr.reduce();
-      /*
-      if (tmpnr.unit() == "%") {
-        tmpnr.value(tmpnr.value() / 100);
-        tmpnr.numerators.clear();
-      } else {
-        if (!tmpnr.is_unitless()) error("argument " + argname + " of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must be unitless", pstate);
-      }
-      */
-      return tmpnr.value();
-    }
-
-    double get_arg_val(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces)
-    {
-      // Minimal error handling -- the expectation is that built-ins will be written correctly!
-      Number_Ptr val = get_arg<Number>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces);
-      Number tmpnr(val);
-      tmpnr.reduce();
-      return tmpnr.value();
-    }
-
-    double color_num(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces)
-    {
-      Number_Ptr val = get_arg<Number>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces);
-      Number tmpnr(val);
-      tmpnr.reduce();
-      if (tmpnr.unit() == "%") {
-        return std::min(std::max(tmpnr.value() * 255 / 100.0, 0.0), 255.0);
-      } else {
-        return std::min(std::max(tmpnr.value(), 0.0), 255.0);
-      }
-    }
-
-
-    inline double alpha_num(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces) {
-      Number_Ptr val = get_arg<Number>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces);
-      Number tmpnr(val);
-      tmpnr.reduce();
-      if (tmpnr.unit() == "%") {
-        return std::min(std::max(tmpnr.value(), 0.0), 100.0);
-      } else {
-        return std::min(std::max(tmpnr.value(), 0.0), 1.0);
-      }
-    }
-
-    #define ARGSEL(argname, seltype, contextualize) get_arg_sel<seltype>(argname, env, sig, pstate, traces, ctx)
-
-    template <typename T>
-    T get_arg_sel(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces, Context& ctx);
-
-    template <>
-    Selector_List_Obj get_arg_sel(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces, Context& ctx) {
-      Expression_Obj exp = ARG(argname, Expression);
-      if (exp->concrete_type() == Expression::NULL_VAL) {
-        std::stringstream msg;
-        msg << argname << ": null is not a valid selector: it must be a string,\n";
-        msg << "a list of strings, or a list of lists of strings for `" << function_name(sig) << "'";
-        error(msg.str(), pstate, traces);
-      }
-      if (String_Constant_Ptr str = Cast<String_Constant>(exp)) {
-        str->quote_mark(0);
-      }
-      std::string exp_src = exp->to_string(ctx.c_options);
-      return Parser::parse_selector(exp_src.c_str(), ctx, traces);
-    }
-
-    template <>
-    Compound_Selector_Obj get_arg_sel(const std::string& argname, Env& env, Signature sig, ParserState pstate, Backtraces traces, Context& ctx) {
-      Expression_Obj exp = ARG(argname, Expression);
-      if (exp->concrete_type() == Expression::NULL_VAL) {
-        std::stringstream msg;
-        msg << argname << ": null is not a string for `" << function_name(sig) << "'";
-        error(msg.str(), pstate, traces);
-      }
-      if (String_Constant_Ptr str = Cast<String_Constant>(exp)) {
-        str->quote_mark(0);
-      }
-      std::string exp_src = exp->to_string(ctx.c_options);
-      Selector_List_Obj sel_list = Parser::parse_selector(exp_src.c_str(), ctx, traces);
-      if (sel_list->length() == 0) return NULL;
-      Complex_Selector_Obj first = sel_list->first();
-      if (!first->tail()) return first->head();
-      return first->tail()->head();
-    }
-
-    #ifdef __MINGW32__
-    uint64_t GetSeed()
-    {
-      HCRYPTPROV hp = 0;
-      BYTE rb[8];
-      CryptAcquireContext(&hp, 0, 0, PROV_RSA_FULL, CRYPT_VERIFYCONTEXT);
-      CryptGenRandom(hp, sizeof(rb), rb);
-      CryptReleaseContext(hp, 0);
-
-      uint64_t seed;
-      memcpy(&seed, &rb[0], sizeof(seed));
-
-      return seed;
-    }
-    #else
-    uint64_t GetSeed()
-    {
-      std::random_device rd;
-      return rd();
-    }
-    #endif
-
-    // note: the performance of many  implementations of
-    // random_device degrades sharply once the entropy pool
-    // is exhausted. For practical use, random_device is
-    // generally only used to seed a PRNG such as mt19937.
-    static std::mt19937 rand(static_cast<unsigned int>(GetSeed()));
-
-    // features
-    static std::set<std::string> features {
-      "global-variable-shadowing",
-      "extend-selector-pseudoclass",
-      "at-error",
-      "units-level-3",
-      "custom-property"
-    };
-
-    ////////////////
-    // RGB FUNCTIONS
-    ////////////////
-
-    inline bool special_number(String_Constant_Ptr s) {
-      if (s) {
-        std::string calc("calc(");
-        std::string var("var(");
-        std::string ss(s->value());
-        return std::equal(calc.begin(), calc.end(), ss.begin()) ||
-               std::equal(var.begin(), var.end(), ss.begin());
-      }
-      return false;
-    }
-
-    Signature rgb_sig = "rgb($red, $green, $blue)";
-    BUILT_IN(rgb)
-    {
-      if (
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$red"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$green"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$blue"]))
-      ) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Constant, pstate, "rgb("
-                                                        + env["$red"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$green"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$blue"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ")"
-        );
-      }
-
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                             pstate,
-                             COLOR_NUM("$red"),
-                             COLOR_NUM("$green"),
-                             COLOR_NUM("$blue"));
-    }
-
-    Signature rgba_4_sig = "rgba($red, $green, $blue, $alpha)";
-    BUILT_IN(rgba_4)
-    {
-      if (
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$red"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$green"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$blue"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$alpha"]))
-      ) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Constant, pstate, "rgba("
-                                                        + env["$red"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$green"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$blue"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$alpha"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ")"
-        );
-      }
-
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                             pstate,
-                             COLOR_NUM("$red"),
-                             COLOR_NUM("$green"),
-                             COLOR_NUM("$blue"),
-                             ALPHA_NUM("$alpha"));
-    }
-
-    Signature rgba_2_sig = "rgba($color, $alpha)";
-    BUILT_IN(rgba_2)
-    {
-      if (
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$color"]))
-      ) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Constant, pstate, "rgba("
-                                                        + env["$color"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$alpha"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ")"
-        );
-      }
-
-      Color_Ptr c_arg = ARG("$color", Color);
-
-      if (
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$alpha"]))
-      ) {
-        std::stringstream strm;
-        strm << "rgba("
-                 << (int)c_arg->r() << ", "
-                 << (int)c_arg->g() << ", "
-                 << (int)c_arg->b() << ", "
-                 << env["$alpha"]->to_string()
-             << ")";
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Constant, pstate, strm.str());
-      }
-
-      Color_Ptr new_c = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(c_arg);
-      new_c->a(ALPHA_NUM("$alpha"));
-      new_c->disp("");
-      return new_c;
-    }
-
-    Signature red_sig = "red($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(red)
-    { return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, ARG("$color", Color)->r()); }
-
-    Signature green_sig = "green($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(green)
-    { return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, ARG("$color", Color)->g()); }
-
-    Signature blue_sig = "blue($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(blue)
-    { return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, ARG("$color", Color)->b()); }
-
-    Color* colormix(Context& ctx, ParserState& pstate, Color* color1, Color* color2, double weight) {
-      double p = weight/100;
-      double w = 2*p - 1;
-      double a = color1->a() - color2->a();
-
-      double w1 = (((w * a == -1) ? w : (w + a)/(1 + w*a)) + 1)/2.0;
-      double w2 = 1 - w1;
-
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                             pstate,
-                             Sass::round(w1*color1->r() + w2*color2->r(), ctx.c_options.precision),
-                             Sass::round(w1*color1->g() + w2*color2->g(), ctx.c_options.precision),
-                             Sass::round(w1*color1->b() + w2*color2->b(), ctx.c_options.precision),
-                             color1->a()*p + color2->a()*(1-p));
-    }
-
-    Signature mix_sig = "mix($color-1, $color-2, $weight: 50%)";
-    BUILT_IN(mix)
-    {
-      Color_Obj  color1 = ARG("$color-1", Color);
-      Color_Obj  color2 = ARG("$color-2", Color);
-      double weight = DARG_U_PRCT("$weight");
-      return colormix(ctx, pstate, color1, color2, weight);
-
-    }
-
-    ////////////////
-    // HSL FUNCTIONS
-    ////////////////
-
-    // RGB to HSL helper function
-    struct HSL { double h; double s; double l; };
-    HSL rgb_to_hsl(double r, double g, double b)
-    {
-
-      // Algorithm from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/wHSL_and_HSV#Conversion_from_RGB_to_HSL_or_HSV
-      r /= 255.0; g /= 255.0; b /= 255.0;
-
-      double max = std::max(r, std::max(g, b));
-      double min = std::min(r, std::min(g, b));
-      double delta = max - min;
-
-      double h = 0;
-      double s;
-      double l = (max + min) / 2.0;
-
-      if (max == min) {
-        h = s = 0; // achromatic
-      }
-      else {
-        if (l < 0.5) s = delta / (max + min);
-        else         s = delta / (2.0 - max - min);
-
-        if      (r == max) h = (g - b) / delta + (g < b ? 6 : 0);
-        else if (g == max) h = (b - r) / delta + 2;
-        else if (b == max) h = (r - g) / delta + 4;
-      }
-
-      HSL hsl_struct;
-      hsl_struct.h = h / 6 * 360;
-      hsl_struct.s = s * 100;
-      hsl_struct.l = l * 100;
-
-      return hsl_struct;
-    }
-
-    // hue to RGB helper function
-    double h_to_rgb(double m1, double m2, double h) {
-      while (h < 0) h += 1;
-      while (h > 1) h -= 1;
-      if (h*6.0 < 1) return m1 + (m2 - m1)*h*6;
-      if (h*2.0 < 1) return m2;
-      if (h*3.0 < 2) return m1 + (m2 - m1) * (2.0/3.0 - h)*6;
-      return m1;
-    }
-
-    Color_Ptr hsla_impl(double h, double s, double l, double a, Context& ctx, ParserState pstate)
-    {
-      h /= 360.0;
-      s /= 100.0;
-      l /= 100.0;
-
-      if (l < 0) l = 0;
-      if (s < 0) s = 0;
-      if (l > 1) l = 1;
-      if (s > 1) s = 1;
-      while (h < 0) h += 1;
-      while (h > 1) h -= 1;
-
-      // if saturation is exacly zero, we loose
-      // information for hue, since it will evaluate
-      // to zero if converted back from rgb. Setting
-      // saturation to a very tiny number solves this.
-      if (s == 0) s = 1e-10;
-
-      // Algorithm from the CSS3 spec: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#hsl-color.
-      double m2;
-      if (l <= 0.5) m2 = l*(s+1.0);
-      else m2 = (l+s)-(l*s);
-      double m1 = (l*2.0)-m2;
-      // round the results -- consider moving this into the Color constructor
-      double r = (h_to_rgb(m1, m2, h + 1.0/3.0) * 255.0);
-      double g = (h_to_rgb(m1, m2, h) * 255.0);
-      double b = (h_to_rgb(m1, m2, h - 1.0/3.0) * 255.0);
-
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color, pstate, r, g, b, a);
-    }
-
-    Signature hsl_sig = "hsl($hue, $saturation, $lightness)";
-    BUILT_IN(hsl)
-    {
-      if (
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$hue"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$saturation"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$lightness"]))
-      ) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Constant, pstate, "hsl("
-                                                        + env["$hue"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$saturation"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$lightness"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ")"
-        );
-      }
-
-      return hsla_impl(ARGVAL("$hue"),
-                       ARGVAL("$saturation"),
-                       ARGVAL("$lightness"),
-                       1.0,
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature hsla_sig = "hsla($hue, $saturation, $lightness, $alpha)";
-    BUILT_IN(hsla)
-    {
-      if (
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$hue"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$saturation"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$lightness"])) ||
-        special_number(Cast<String_Constant>(env["$alpha"]))
-      ) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Constant, pstate, "hsla("
-                                                        + env["$hue"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$saturation"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$lightness"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ", "
-                                                        + env["$alpha"]->to_string()
-                                                        + ")"
-        );
-      }
-
-      return hsla_impl(ARGVAL("$hue"),
-                       ARGVAL("$saturation"),
-                       ARGVAL("$lightness"),
-                       ARGVAL("$alpha"),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature hue_sig = "hue($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(hue)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, hsl_color.h, "deg");
-    }
-
-    Signature saturation_sig = "saturation($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(saturation)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, hsl_color.s, "%");
-    }
-
-    Signature lightness_sig = "lightness($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(lightness)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, hsl_color.l, "%");
-    }
-
-    Signature adjust_hue_sig = "adjust-hue($color, $degrees)";
-    BUILT_IN(adjust_hue)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      double degrees = ARGVAL("$degrees");
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-      return hsla_impl(hsl_color.h + degrees,
-                       hsl_color.s,
-                       hsl_color.l,
-                       rgb_color->a(),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature lighten_sig = "lighten($color, $amount)";
-    BUILT_IN(lighten)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      double amount = DARG_U_PRCT("$amount");
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-      //Check lightness is not negative before lighten it
-      double hslcolorL = hsl_color.l;
-      if (hslcolorL < 0) {
-        hslcolorL = 0;
-      }
-
-      return hsla_impl(hsl_color.h,
-                       hsl_color.s,
-                       hslcolorL + amount,
-                       rgb_color->a(),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature darken_sig = "darken($color, $amount)";
-    BUILT_IN(darken)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      double amount = DARG_U_PRCT("$amount");
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-
-      //Check lightness if not over 100, before darken it
-      double hslcolorL = hsl_color.l;
-      if (hslcolorL > 100) {
-        hslcolorL = 100;
-      }
-
-      return hsla_impl(hsl_color.h,
-                       hsl_color.s,
-                       hslcolorL - amount,
-                       rgb_color->a(),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature saturate_sig = "saturate($color, $amount: false)";
-    BUILT_IN(saturate)
-    {
-      // CSS3 filter function overload: pass literal through directly
-      if (!Cast<Number>(env["$amount"])) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, "saturate(" + env["$color"]->to_string(ctx.c_options) + ")");
-      }
-
-      double amount = DARG_U_PRCT("$amount");
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-
-      double hslcolorS = hsl_color.s + amount;
-
-      // Saturation cannot be below 0 or above 100
-      if (hslcolorS < 0) {
-        hslcolorS = 0;
-      }
-      if (hslcolorS > 100) {
-        hslcolorS = 100;
-      }
-
-      return hsla_impl(hsl_color.h,
-                       hslcolorS,
-                       hsl_color.l,
-                       rgb_color->a(),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature desaturate_sig = "desaturate($color, $amount)";
-    BUILT_IN(desaturate)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      double amount = DARG_U_PRCT("$amount");
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-
-      double hslcolorS = hsl_color.s - amount;
-
-      // Saturation cannot be below 0 or above 100
-      if (hslcolorS <= 0) {
-        hslcolorS = 0;
-      }
-      if (hslcolorS > 100) {
-        hslcolorS = 100;
-      }
-
-      return hsla_impl(hsl_color.h,
-                       hslcolorS,
-                       hsl_color.l,
-                       rgb_color->a(),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature grayscale_sig = "grayscale($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(grayscale)
-    {
-      // CSS3 filter function overload: pass literal through directly
-      Number_Ptr amount = Cast<Number>(env["$color"]);
-      if (amount) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, "grayscale(" + amount->to_string(ctx.c_options) + ")");
-      }
-
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-      return hsla_impl(hsl_color.h,
-                       0.0,
-                       hsl_color.l,
-                       rgb_color->a(),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature complement_sig = "complement($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(complement)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      HSL hsl_color = rgb_to_hsl(rgb_color->r(),
-                                 rgb_color->g(),
-                                 rgb_color->b());
-      return hsla_impl(hsl_color.h - 180.0,
-                       hsl_color.s,
-                       hsl_color.l,
-                       rgb_color->a(),
-                       ctx,
-                       pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature invert_sig = "invert($color, $weight: 100%)";
-    BUILT_IN(invert)
-    {
-      // CSS3 filter function overload: pass literal through directly
-      Number_Ptr amount = Cast<Number>(env["$color"]);
-      if (amount) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, "invert(" + amount->to_string(ctx.c_options) + ")");
-      }
-
-      double weight = DARG_U_PRCT("$weight");
-      Color_Ptr rgb_color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      Color_Obj inv = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                             pstate,
-                             255 - rgb_color->r(),
-                             255 - rgb_color->g(),
-                             255 - rgb_color->b(),
-                             rgb_color->a());
-      return colormix(ctx, pstate, inv, rgb_color, weight);
-    }
-
-    ////////////////////
-    // OPACITY FUNCTIONS
-    ////////////////////
-    Signature alpha_sig = "alpha($color)";
-    Signature opacity_sig = "opacity($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(alpha)
-    {
-      String_Constant_Ptr ie_kwd = Cast<String_Constant>(env["$color"]);
-      if (ie_kwd) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, "alpha(" + ie_kwd->value() + ")");
-      }
-
-      // CSS3 filter function overload: pass literal through directly
-      Number_Ptr amount = Cast<Number>(env["$color"]);
-      if (amount) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, "opacity(" + amount->to_string(ctx.c_options) + ")");
-      }
-
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, ARG("$color", Color)->a());
-    }
-
-    Signature opacify_sig = "opacify($color, $amount)";
-    Signature fade_in_sig = "fade-in($color, $amount)";
-    BUILT_IN(opacify)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      double amount = DARG_U_FACT("$amount");
-      double alpha = std::min(color->a() + amount, 1.0);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                             pstate,
-                             color->r(),
-                             color->g(),
-                             color->b(),
-                             alpha);
-    }
-
-    Signature transparentize_sig = "transparentize($color, $amount)";
-    Signature fade_out_sig = "fade-out($color, $amount)";
-    BUILT_IN(transparentize)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      double amount = DARG_U_FACT("$amount");
-      double alpha = std::max(color->a() - amount, 0.0);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                             pstate,
-                             color->r(),
-                             color->g(),
-                             color->b(),
-                             alpha);
-    }
-
-    ////////////////////////
-    // OTHER COLOR FUNCTIONS
-    ////////////////////////
-
-    Signature adjust_color_sig = "adjust-color($color, $red: false, $green: false, $blue: false, $hue: false, $saturation: false, $lightness: false, $alpha: false)";
-    BUILT_IN(adjust_color)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      Number_Ptr r = Cast<Number>(env["$red"]);
-      Number_Ptr g = Cast<Number>(env["$green"]);
-      Number_Ptr b = Cast<Number>(env["$blue"]);
-      Number_Ptr h = Cast<Number>(env["$hue"]);
-      Number_Ptr s = Cast<Number>(env["$saturation"]);
-      Number_Ptr l = Cast<Number>(env["$lightness"]);
-      Number_Ptr a = Cast<Number>(env["$alpha"]);
-
-      bool rgb = r || g || b;
-      bool hsl = h || s || l;
-
-      if (rgb && hsl) {
-        error("Cannot specify HSL and RGB values for a color at the same time for `adjust-color'", pstate, traces);
-      }
-      if (rgb) {
-        double rr = r ? DARG_R_BYTE("$red") : 0;
-        double gg = g ? DARG_R_BYTE("$green") : 0;
-        double bb = b ? DARG_R_BYTE("$blue") : 0;
-        double aa = a ? DARG_R_FACT("$alpha") : 0;
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                               pstate,
-                               color->r() + rr,
-                               color->g() + gg,
-                               color->b() + bb,
-                               color->a() + aa);
-      }
-      if (hsl) {
-        HSL hsl_struct = rgb_to_hsl(color->r(), color->g(), color->b());
-        double ss = s ? DARG_R_PRCT("$saturation") : 0;
-        double ll = l ? DARG_R_PRCT("$lightness") : 0;
-        double aa = a ? DARG_R_FACT("$alpha") : 0;
-        return hsla_impl(hsl_struct.h + (h ? h->value() : 0),
-                         hsl_struct.s + ss,
-                         hsl_struct.l + ll,
-                         color->a() + aa,
-                         ctx,
-                         pstate);
-      }
-      if (a) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                               pstate,
-                               color->r(),
-                               color->g(),
-                               color->b(),
-                               color->a() + (a ? a->value() : 0));
-      }
-      error("not enough arguments for `adjust-color'", pstate, traces);
-      // unreachable
-      return color;
-    }
-
-    Signature scale_color_sig = "scale-color($color, $red: false, $green: false, $blue: false, $hue: false, $saturation: false, $lightness: false, $alpha: false)";
-    BUILT_IN(scale_color)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      Number_Ptr r = Cast<Number>(env["$red"]);
-      Number_Ptr g = Cast<Number>(env["$green"]);
-      Number_Ptr b = Cast<Number>(env["$blue"]);
-      Number_Ptr h = Cast<Number>(env["$hue"]);
-      Number_Ptr s = Cast<Number>(env["$saturation"]);
-      Number_Ptr l = Cast<Number>(env["$lightness"]);
-      Number_Ptr a = Cast<Number>(env["$alpha"]);
-
-      bool rgb = r || g || b;
-      bool hsl = h || s || l;
-
-      if (rgb && hsl) {
-        error("Cannot specify HSL and RGB values for a color at the same time for `scale-color'", pstate, traces);
-      }
-      if (rgb) {
-        double rscale = (r ? DARG_R_PRCT("$red") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        double gscale = (g ? DARG_R_PRCT("$green") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        double bscale = (b ? DARG_R_PRCT("$blue") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        double ascale = (a ? DARG_R_PRCT("$alpha") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                               pstate,
-                               color->r() + rscale * (rscale > 0.0 ? 255 - color->r() : color->r()),
-                               color->g() + gscale * (gscale > 0.0 ? 255 - color->g() : color->g()),
-                               color->b() + bscale * (bscale > 0.0 ? 255 - color->b() : color->b()),
-                               color->a() + ascale * (ascale > 0.0 ? 1.0 - color->a() : color->a()));
-      }
-      if (hsl) {
-        double hscale = (h ? DARG_R_PRCT("$hue") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        double sscale = (s ? DARG_R_PRCT("$saturation") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        double lscale = (l ? DARG_R_PRCT("$lightness") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        double ascale = (a ? DARG_R_PRCT("$alpha") : 0.0) / 100.0;
-        HSL hsl_struct = rgb_to_hsl(color->r(), color->g(), color->b());
-        hsl_struct.h += hscale * (hscale > 0.0 ? 360.0 - hsl_struct.h : hsl_struct.h);
-        hsl_struct.s += sscale * (sscale > 0.0 ? 100.0 - hsl_struct.s : hsl_struct.s);
-        hsl_struct.l += lscale * (lscale > 0.0 ? 100.0 - hsl_struct.l : hsl_struct.l);
-        double alpha = color->a() + ascale * (ascale > 0.0 ? 1.0 - color->a() : color->a());
-        return hsla_impl(hsl_struct.h, hsl_struct.s, hsl_struct.l, alpha, ctx, pstate);
-      }
-      if (a) {
-        double ascale = (DARG_R_PRCT("$alpha")) / 100.0;
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                               pstate,
-                               color->r(),
-                               color->g(),
-                               color->b(),
-                               color->a() + ascale * (ascale > 0.0 ? 1.0 - color->a() : color->a()));
-      }
-      error("not enough arguments for `scale-color'", pstate, traces);
-      // unreachable
-      return color;
-    }
-
-    Signature change_color_sig = "change-color($color, $red: false, $green: false, $blue: false, $hue: false, $saturation: false, $lightness: false, $alpha: false)";
-    BUILT_IN(change_color)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr color = ARG("$color", Color);
-      Number_Ptr r = Cast<Number>(env["$red"]);
-      Number_Ptr g = Cast<Number>(env["$green"]);
-      Number_Ptr b = Cast<Number>(env["$blue"]);
-      Number_Ptr h = Cast<Number>(env["$hue"]);
-      Number_Ptr s = Cast<Number>(env["$saturation"]);
-      Number_Ptr l = Cast<Number>(env["$lightness"]);
-      Number_Ptr a = Cast<Number>(env["$alpha"]);
-
-      bool rgb = r || g || b;
-      bool hsl = h || s || l;
-
-      if (rgb && hsl) {
-        error("Cannot specify HSL and RGB values for a color at the same time for `change-color'", pstate, traces);
-      }
-      if (rgb) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                               pstate,
-                               r ? DARG_U_BYTE("$red") : color->r(),
-                               g ? DARG_U_BYTE("$green") : color->g(),
-                               b ? DARG_U_BYTE("$blue") : color->b(),
-                               a ? DARG_U_BYTE("$alpha") : color->a());
-      }
-      if (hsl) {
-        HSL hsl_struct = rgb_to_hsl(color->r(), color->g(), color->b());
-        if (h) hsl_struct.h = std::fmod(h->value(), 360.0);
-        if (s) hsl_struct.s = DARG_U_PRCT("$saturation");
-        if (l) hsl_struct.l = DARG_U_PRCT("$lightness");
-        double alpha = a ? DARG_U_FACT("$alpha") : color->a();
-        return hsla_impl(hsl_struct.h, hsl_struct.s, hsl_struct.l, alpha, ctx, pstate);
-      }
-      if (a) {
-        double alpha = DARG_U_FACT("$alpha");
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Color,
-                               pstate,
-                               color->r(),
-                               color->g(),
-                               color->b(),
-                               alpha);
-      }
-      error("not enough arguments for `change-color'", pstate, traces);
-      // unreachable
-      return color;
-    }
-
-    template <size_t range>
-    static double cap_channel(double c) {
-      if      (c > range) return range;
-      else if (c < 0)     return 0;
-      else                return c;
-    }
-
-    Signature ie_hex_str_sig = "ie-hex-str($color)";
-    BUILT_IN(ie_hex_str)
-    {
-      Color_Ptr c = ARG("$color", Color);
-      double r = cap_channel<0xff>(c->r());
-      double g = cap_channel<0xff>(c->g());
-      double b = cap_channel<0xff>(c->b());
-      double a = cap_channel<1>   (c->a()) * 255;
-
-      std::stringstream ss;
-      ss << '#' << std::setw(2) << std::setfill('0');
-      ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << static_cast<unsigned long>(Sass::round(a, ctx.c_options.precision));
-      ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << static_cast<unsigned long>(Sass::round(r, ctx.c_options.precision));
-      ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << static_cast<unsigned long>(Sass::round(g, ctx.c_options.precision));
-      ss << std::hex << std::setw(2) << static_cast<unsigned long>(Sass::round(b, ctx.c_options.precision));
-
-      std::string result(ss.str());
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = result.length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        result[i] = std::toupper(result[i]);
-      }
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, result);
-    }
-
-    ///////////////////
-    // STRING FUNCTIONS
-    ///////////////////
-
-    Signature unquote_sig = "unquote($string)";
-    BUILT_IN(sass_unquote)
-    {
-      AST_Node_Obj arg = env["$string"];
-      if (String_Quoted_Ptr string_quoted = Cast<String_Quoted>(arg)) {
-        String_Constant_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Constant, pstate, string_quoted->value());
-        // remember if the string was quoted (color tokens)
-        result->is_delayed(true); // delay colors
-        return result;
-      }
-      else if (String_Constant_Ptr str = Cast<String_Constant>(arg)) {
-        return str;
-      }
-      else if (Expression_Ptr ex = Cast<Expression>(arg)) {
-        Sass_Output_Style oldstyle = ctx.c_options.output_style;
-        ctx.c_options.output_style = SASS_STYLE_NESTED;
-        std::string val(arg->to_string(ctx.c_options));
-        val = Cast<Null>(arg) ? "null" : val;
-        ctx.c_options.output_style = oldstyle;
-
-        deprecated_function("Passing " + val + ", a non-string value, to unquote()", pstate);
-        return ex;
-      }
-      throw std::runtime_error("Invalid Data Type for unquote");
-    }
-
-    Signature quote_sig = "quote($string)";
-    BUILT_IN(sass_quote)
-    {
-      AST_Node_Obj arg = env["$string"];
-      // only set quote mark to true if already a string
-      if (String_Quoted_Ptr qstr = Cast<String_Quoted>(arg)) {
-        qstr->quote_mark('*');
-        return qstr;
-      }
-      // all other nodes must be converted to a string node
-      std::string str(quote(arg->to_string(ctx.c_options), String_Constant::double_quote()));
-      String_Quoted_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, str);
-      result->quote_mark('*');
-      return result;
-    }
-
-
-    Signature str_length_sig = "str-length($string)";
-    BUILT_IN(str_length)
-    {
-      size_t len = std::string::npos;
-      try {
-        String_Constant_Ptr s = ARG("$string", String_Constant);
-        len = UTF_8::code_point_count(s->value(), 0, s->value().size());
-
-      }
-      // handle any invalid utf8 errors
-      // other errors will be re-thrown
-      catch (...) { handle_utf8_error(pstate, traces); }
-      // return something even if we had an error (-1)
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)len);
-    }
-
-    Signature str_insert_sig = "str-insert($string, $insert, $index)";
-    BUILT_IN(str_insert)
-    {
-      std::string str;
-      try {
-        String_Constant_Ptr s = ARG("$string", String_Constant);
-        str = s->value();
-        str = unquote(str);
-        String_Constant_Ptr i = ARG("$insert", String_Constant);
-        std::string ins = i->value();
-        ins = unquote(ins);
-        double index = ARGVAL("$index");
-        size_t len = UTF_8::code_point_count(str, 0, str.size());
-
-        if (index > 0 && index <= len) {
-          // positive and within string length
-          str.insert(UTF_8::offset_at_position(str, static_cast<size_t>(index) - 1), ins);
-        }
-        else if (index > len) {
-          // positive and past string length
-          str += ins;
-        }
-        else if (index == 0) {
-          str = ins + str;
-        }
-        else if (std::abs(index) <= len) {
-          // negative and within string length
-          index += len + 1;
-          str.insert(UTF_8::offset_at_position(str, static_cast<size_t>(index)), ins);
-        }
-        else {
-          // negative and past string length
-          str = ins + str;
-        }
-
-        if (String_Quoted_Ptr ss = Cast<String_Quoted>(s)) {
-          if (ss->quote_mark()) str = quote(str);
-        }
-      }
-      // handle any invalid utf8 errors
-      // other errors will be re-thrown
-      catch (...) { handle_utf8_error(pstate, traces); }
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, str);
-    }
-
-    Signature str_index_sig = "str-index($string, $substring)";
-    BUILT_IN(str_index)
-    {
-      size_t index = std::string::npos;
-      try {
-        String_Constant_Ptr s = ARG("$string", String_Constant);
-        String_Constant_Ptr t = ARG("$substring", String_Constant);
-        std::string str = s->value();
-        str = unquote(str);
-        std::string substr = t->value();
-        substr = unquote(substr);
-
-        size_t c_index = str.find(substr);
-        if(c_index == std::string::npos) {
-          return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Null, pstate);
-        }
-        index = UTF_8::code_point_count(str, 0, c_index) + 1;
-      }
-      // handle any invalid utf8 errors
-      // other errors will be re-thrown
-      catch (...) { handle_utf8_error(pstate, traces); }
-      // return something even if we had an error (-1)
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)index);
-    }
-
-    Signature str_slice_sig = "str-slice($string, $start-at, $end-at:-1)";
-    BUILT_IN(str_slice)
-    {
-      std::string newstr;
-      try {
-        String_Constant_Ptr s = ARG("$string", String_Constant);
-        double start_at = ARGVAL("$start-at");
-        double end_at = ARGVAL("$end-at");
-        String_Quoted_Ptr ss = Cast<String_Quoted>(s);
-
-        std::string str = unquote(s->value());
-
-        size_t size = utf8::distance(str.begin(), str.end());
-
-        if (!Cast<Number>(env["$end-at"])) {
-          end_at = -1;
-        }
-
-        if (end_at == 0 || (end_at + size) < 0) {
-          if (ss && ss->quote_mark()) newstr = quote("");
-          return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, newstr);
-        }
-
-        if (end_at < 0) {
-          end_at += size + 1;
-          if (end_at == 0) end_at = 1;
-        }
-        if (end_at > size) { end_at = (double)size; }
-        if (start_at < 0) {
-          start_at += size + 1;
-          if (start_at < 0)  start_at = 0;
-        }
-        else if (start_at == 0) { ++ start_at; }
-
-        if (start_at <= end_at)
-        {
-          std::string::iterator start = str.begin();
-          utf8::advance(start, start_at - 1, str.end());
-          std::string::iterator end = start;
-          utf8::advance(end, end_at - start_at + 1, str.end());
-          newstr = std::string(start, end);
-        }
-        if (ss) {
-          if(ss->quote_mark()) newstr = quote(newstr);
-        }
-      }
-      // handle any invalid utf8 errors
-      // other errors will be re-thrown
-      catch (...) { handle_utf8_error(pstate, traces); }
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, newstr);
-    }
-
-    Signature to_upper_case_sig = "to-upper-case($string)";
-    BUILT_IN(to_upper_case)
-    {
-      String_Constant_Ptr s = ARG("$string", String_Constant);
-      std::string str = s->value();
-
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = str.length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        if (Sass::Util::isAscii(str[i])) {
-          str[i] = std::toupper(str[i]);
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (String_Quoted_Ptr ss = Cast<String_Quoted>(s)) {
-        String_Quoted_Ptr cpy = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(ss);
-        cpy->value(str);
-        return cpy;
-      } else {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, str);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Signature to_lower_case_sig = "to-lower-case($string)";
-    BUILT_IN(to_lower_case)
-    {
-      String_Constant_Ptr s = ARG("$string", String_Constant);
-      std::string str = s->value();
-
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = str.length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        if (Sass::Util::isAscii(str[i])) {
-          str[i] = std::tolower(str[i]);
-        }
-      }
-
-      if (String_Quoted_Ptr ss = Cast<String_Quoted>(s)) {
-        String_Quoted_Ptr cpy = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(ss);
-        cpy->value(str);
-        return cpy;
-      } else {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, str);
-      }
-    }
-
-    ///////////////////
-    // NUMBER FUNCTIONS
-    ///////////////////
-
-    Signature percentage_sig = "percentage($number)";
-    BUILT_IN(percentage)
-    {
-      Number_Obj n = ARGN("$number");
-      if (!n->is_unitless()) error("argument $number of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must be unitless", pstate, traces);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, n->value() * 100, "%");
-    }
-
-    Signature round_sig = "round($number)";
-    BUILT_IN(round)
-    {
-      Number_Obj r = ARGN("$number");
-      r->value(Sass::round(r->value(), ctx.c_options.precision));
-      r->pstate(pstate);
-      return r.detach();
-    }
-
-    Signature ceil_sig = "ceil($number)";
-    BUILT_IN(ceil)
-    {
-      Number_Obj r = ARGN("$number");
-      r->value(std::ceil(r->value()));
-      r->pstate(pstate);
-      return r.detach();
-    }
-
-    Signature floor_sig = "floor($number)";
-    BUILT_IN(floor)
-    {
-      Number_Obj r = ARGN("$number");
-      r->value(std::floor(r->value()));
-      r->pstate(pstate);
-      return r.detach();
-    }
-
-    Signature abs_sig = "abs($number)";
-    BUILT_IN(abs)
-    {
-      Number_Obj r = ARGN("$number");
-      r->value(std::abs(r->value()));
-      r->pstate(pstate);
-      return r.detach();
-    }
-
-    Signature min_sig = "min($numbers...)";
-    BUILT_IN(min)
-    {
-      List_Ptr arglist = ARG("$numbers", List);
-      Number_Obj least = NULL;
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = arglist->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        Expression_Obj val = arglist->value_at_index(i);
-        Number_Obj xi = Cast<Number>(val);
-        if (!xi) {
-          error("\"" + val->to_string(ctx.c_options) + "\" is not a number for `min'", pstate, traces);
-        }
-        if (least) {
-          if (*xi < *least) least = xi;
-        } else least = xi;
-      }
-      return least.detach();
-    }
-
-    Signature max_sig = "max($numbers...)";
-    BUILT_IN(max)
-    {
-      List_Ptr arglist = ARG("$numbers", List);
-      Number_Obj greatest = NULL;
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = arglist->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        Expression_Obj val = arglist->value_at_index(i);
-        Number_Obj xi = Cast<Number>(val);
-        if (!xi) {
-          error("\"" + val->to_string(ctx.c_options) + "\" is not a number for `max'", pstate, traces);
-        }
-        if (greatest) {
-          if (*greatest < *xi) greatest = xi;
-        } else greatest = xi;
-      }
-      return greatest.detach();
-    }
-
-    Signature random_sig = "random($limit:false)";
-    BUILT_IN(random)
-    {
-      AST_Node_Obj arg = env["$limit"];
-      Value_Ptr v = Cast<Value>(arg);
-      Number_Ptr l = Cast<Number>(arg);
-      Boolean_Ptr b = Cast<Boolean>(arg);
-      if (l) {
-        double lv = l->value();
-        if (lv < 1) {
-          stringstream err;
-          err << "$limit " << lv << " must be greater than or equal to 1 for `random'";
-          error(err.str(), pstate, traces);
-        }
-        bool eq_int = std::fabs(trunc(lv) - lv) < NUMBER_EPSILON;
-        if (!eq_int) {
-          stringstream err;
-          err << "Expected $limit to be an integer but got " << lv << " for `random'";
-          error(err.str(), pstate, traces);
-        }
-        std::uniform_real_distribution<> distributor(1, lv + 1);
-        uint_fast32_t distributed = static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(distributor(rand));
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)distributed);
-      }
-      else if (b) {
-        std::uniform_real_distribution<> distributor(0, 1);
-        double distributed = static_cast<double>(distributor(rand));
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, distributed);
-      } else if (v) {
-        traces.push_back(Backtrace(pstate));
-        throw Exception::InvalidArgumentType(pstate, traces, "random", "$limit", "number", v);
-      } else {
-        traces.push_back(Backtrace(pstate));
-        throw Exception::InvalidArgumentType(pstate, traces, "random", "$limit", "number");
-      }
-    }
-
-    /////////////////
-    // LIST FUNCTIONS
-    /////////////////
-
-    Signature length_sig = "length($list)";
-    BUILT_IN(length)
-    {
-      if (Selector_List_Ptr sl = Cast<Selector_List>(env["$list"])) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)sl->length());
-      }
-      Expression_Ptr v = ARG("$list", Expression);
-      if (v->concrete_type() == Expression::MAP) {
-        Map_Ptr map = Cast<Map>(env["$list"]);
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)(map ? map->length() : 1));
-      }
-      if (v->concrete_type() == Expression::SELECTOR) {
-        if (Compound_Selector_Ptr h = Cast<Compound_Selector>(v)) {
-          return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)h->length());
-        } else if (Selector_List_Ptr ls = Cast<Selector_List>(v)) {
-          return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)ls->length());
-        } else {
-          return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, 1);
-        }
-      }
-
-      List_Ptr list = Cast<List>(env["$list"]);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number,
-                             pstate,
-                             (double)(list ? list->size() : 1));
-    }
-
-    Signature nth_sig = "nth($list, $n)";
-    BUILT_IN(nth)
-    {
-      double nr = ARGVAL("$n");
-      Map_Ptr m = Cast<Map>(env["$list"]);
-      if (Selector_List_Ptr sl = Cast<Selector_List>(env["$list"])) {
-        size_t len = m ? m->length() : sl->length();
-        bool empty = m ? m->empty() : sl->empty();
-        if (empty) error("argument `$list` of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must not be empty", pstate, traces);
-        double index = std::floor(nr < 0 ? len + nr : nr - 1);
-        if (index < 0 || index > len - 1) error("index out of bounds for `" + std::string(sig) + "`", pstate, traces);
-        // return (*sl)[static_cast<int>(index)];
-        Listize listize;
-        return (*sl)[static_cast<int>(index)]->perform(&listize);
-      }
-      List_Obj l = Cast<List>(env["$list"]);
-      if (nr == 0) error("argument `$n` of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must be non-zero", pstate, traces);
-      // if the argument isn't a list, then wrap it in a singleton list
-      if (!m && !l) {
-        l = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l->append(ARG("$list", Expression));
-      }
-      size_t len = m ? m->length() : l->length();
-      bool empty = m ? m->empty() : l->empty();
-      if (empty) error("argument `$list` of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must not be empty", pstate, traces);
-      double index = std::floor(nr < 0 ? len + nr : nr - 1);
-      if (index < 0 || index > len - 1) error("index out of bounds for `" + std::string(sig) + "`", pstate, traces);
-
-      if (m) {
-        l = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l->append(m->keys()[static_cast<unsigned int>(index)]);
-        l->append(m->at(m->keys()[static_cast<unsigned int>(index)]));
-        return l.detach();
-      }
-      else {
-        Expression_Obj rv = l->value_at_index(static_cast<int>(index));
-        rv->set_delayed(false);
-        return rv.detach();
-      }
-    }
-
-    Signature set_nth_sig = "set-nth($list, $n, $value)";
-    BUILT_IN(set_nth)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m = Cast<Map>(env["$list"]);
-      List_Obj l = Cast<List>(env["$list"]);
-      Number_Obj n = ARG("$n", Number);
-      Expression_Obj v = ARG("$value", Expression);
-      if (!l) {
-        l = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l->append(ARG("$list", Expression));
-      }
-      if (m) {
-        l = m->to_list(pstate);
-      }
-      if (l->empty()) error("argument `$list` of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must not be empty", pstate, traces);
-      double index = std::floor(n->value() < 0 ? l->length() + n->value() : n->value() - 1);
-      if (index < 0 || index > l->length() - 1) error("index out of bounds for `" + std::string(sig) + "`", pstate, traces);
-      List_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, l->length(), l->separator(), false, l->is_bracketed());
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = l->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        result->append(((i == index) ? v : (*l)[i]));
-      }
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    Signature index_sig = "index($list, $value)";
-    BUILT_IN(index)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m = Cast<Map>(env["$list"]);
-      List_Obj l = Cast<List>(env["$list"]);
-      Expression_Obj v = ARG("$value", Expression);
-      if (!l) {
-        l = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l->append(ARG("$list", Expression));
-      }
-      if (m) {
-        l = m->to_list(pstate);
-      }
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = l->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        if (Operators::eq(l->value_at_index(i), v)) return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Number, pstate, (double)(i+1));
-      }
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Null, pstate);
-    }
-
-    Signature join_sig = "join($list1, $list2, $separator: auto, $bracketed: auto)";
-    BUILT_IN(join)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m1 = Cast<Map>(env["$list1"]);
-      Map_Obj m2 = Cast<Map>(env["$list2"]);
-      List_Obj l1 = Cast<List>(env["$list1"]);
-      List_Obj l2 = Cast<List>(env["$list2"]);
-      String_Constant_Obj sep = ARG("$separator", String_Constant);
-      enum Sass_Separator sep_val = (l1 ? l1->separator() : SASS_SPACE);
-      Value* bracketed = ARG("$bracketed", Value);
-      bool is_bracketed = (l1 ? l1->is_bracketed() : false);
-      if (!l1) {
-        l1 = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l1->append(ARG("$list1", Expression));
-        sep_val = (l2 ? l2->separator() : SASS_SPACE);
-        is_bracketed = (l2 ? l2->is_bracketed() : false);
-      }
-      if (!l2) {
-        l2 = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l2->append(ARG("$list2", Expression));
-      }
-      if (m1) {
-        l1 = m1->to_list(pstate);
-        sep_val = SASS_COMMA;
-      }
-      if (m2) {
-        l2 = m2->to_list(pstate);
-      }
-      size_t len = l1->length() + l2->length();
-      std::string sep_str = unquote(sep->value());
-      if (sep_str == "space") sep_val = SASS_SPACE;
-      else if (sep_str == "comma") sep_val = SASS_COMMA;
-      else if (sep_str != "auto") error("argument `$separator` of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must be `space`, `comma`, or `auto`", pstate, traces);
-      String_Constant_Obj bracketed_as_str = Cast<String_Constant>(bracketed);
-      bool bracketed_is_auto = bracketed_as_str && unquote(bracketed_as_str->value()) == "auto";
-      if (!bracketed_is_auto) {
-        is_bracketed = !bracketed->is_false();
-      }
-      List_Obj result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, len, sep_val, false, is_bracketed);
-      result->concat(l1);
-      result->concat(l2);
-      return result.detach();
-    }
-
-    Signature append_sig = "append($list, $val, $separator: auto)";
-    BUILT_IN(append)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m = Cast<Map>(env["$list"]);
-      List_Obj l = Cast<List>(env["$list"]);
-      Expression_Obj v = ARG("$val", Expression);
-      if (Selector_List_Ptr sl = Cast<Selector_List>(env["$list"])) {
-        Listize listize;
-        l = Cast<List>(sl->perform(&listize));
-      }
-      String_Constant_Obj sep = ARG("$separator", String_Constant);
-      if (!l) {
-        l = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l->append(ARG("$list", Expression));
-      }
-      if (m) {
-        l = m->to_list(pstate);
-      }
-      List_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(l);
-      std::string sep_str(unquote(sep->value()));
-      if (sep_str != "auto") { // check default first
-        if (sep_str == "space") result->separator(SASS_SPACE);
-        else if (sep_str == "comma") result->separator(SASS_COMMA);
-        else error("argument `$separator` of `" + std::string(sig) + "` must be `space`, `comma`, or `auto`", pstate, traces);
-      }
-      if (l->is_arglist()) {
-        result->append(SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Argument,
-                                       v->pstate(),
-                                       v,
-                                       "",
-                                       false,
-                                       false));
-
-      } else {
-        result->append(v);
-      }
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    Signature zip_sig = "zip($lists...)";
-    BUILT_IN(zip)
-    {
-      List_Obj arglist = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(ARG("$lists", List));
-      size_t shortest = 0;
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = arglist->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        List_Obj ith = Cast<List>(arglist->value_at_index(i));
-        Map_Obj mith = Cast<Map>(arglist->value_at_index(i));
-        if (!ith) {
-          if (mith) {
-            ith = mith->to_list(pstate);
-          } else {
-            ith = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-            ith->append(arglist->value_at_index(i));
-          }
-          if (arglist->is_arglist()) {
-            Argument_Obj arg = (Argument_Ptr)(arglist->at(i).ptr()); // XXX
-            arg->value(ith);
-          } else {
-            (*arglist)[i] = ith;
-          }
-        }
-        shortest = (i ? std::min(shortest, ith->length()) : ith->length());
-      }
-      List_Ptr zippers = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, shortest, SASS_COMMA);
-      size_t L = arglist->length();
-      for (size_t i = 0; i < shortest; ++i) {
-        List_Ptr zipper = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, L);
-        for (size_t j = 0; j < L; ++j) {
-          zipper->append(Cast<List>(arglist->value_at_index(j))->at(i));
-        }
-        zippers->append(zipper);
-      }
-      return zippers;
-    }
-
-    Signature list_separator_sig = "list_separator($list)";
-    BUILT_IN(list_separator)
-    {
-      List_Obj l = Cast<List>(env["$list"]);
-      if (!l) {
-        l = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, 1);
-        l->append(ARG("$list", Expression));
-      }
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted,
-                               pstate,
-                               l->separator() == SASS_COMMA ? "comma" : "space");
-    }
-
-    /////////////////
-    // MAP FUNCTIONS
-    /////////////////
-
-    Signature map_get_sig = "map-get($map, $key)";
-    BUILT_IN(map_get)
-    {
-      // leaks for "map-get((), foo)" if not Obj
-      // investigate why this is (unexpected)
-      Map_Obj m = ARGM("$map", Map, ctx);
-      Expression_Obj v = ARG("$key", Expression);
-      try {
-        Expression_Obj val = m->at(v);
-        if (!val) return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Null, pstate);
-        val->set_delayed(false);
-        return val.detach();
-      } catch (const std::out_of_range&) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Null, pstate);
-      }
-      catch (...) { throw; }
-    }
-
-    Signature map_has_key_sig = "map-has-key($map, $key)";
-    BUILT_IN(map_has_key)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m = ARGM("$map", Map, ctx);
-      Expression_Obj v = ARG("$key", Expression);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, m->has(v));
-    }
-
-    Signature map_keys_sig = "map-keys($map)";
-    BUILT_IN(map_keys)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m = ARGM("$map", Map, ctx);
-      List_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, m->length(), SASS_COMMA);
-      for ( auto key : m->keys()) {
-        result->append(key);
-      }
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    Signature map_values_sig = "map-values($map)";
-    BUILT_IN(map_values)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m = ARGM("$map", Map, ctx);
-      List_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, pstate, m->length(), SASS_COMMA);
-      for ( auto key : m->keys()) {
-        result->append(m->at(key));
-      }
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    Signature map_merge_sig = "map-merge($map1, $map2)";
-    BUILT_IN(map_merge)
-    {
-      Map_Obj m1 = ARGM("$map1", Map, ctx);
-      Map_Obj m2 = ARGM("$map2", Map, ctx);
-
-      size_t len = m1->length() + m2->length();
-      Map_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Map, pstate, len);
-      // concat not implemented for maps
-      *result += m1;
-      *result += m2;
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    Signature map_remove_sig = "map-remove($map, $keys...)";
-    BUILT_IN(map_remove)
-    {
-      bool remove;
-      Map_Obj m = ARGM("$map", Map, ctx);
-      List_Obj arglist = ARG("$keys", List);
-      Map_Ptr result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Map, pstate, 1);
-      for (auto key : m->keys()) {
-        remove = false;
-        for (size_t j = 0, K = arglist->length(); j < K && !remove; ++j) {
-          remove = Operators::eq(key, arglist->value_at_index(j));
-        }
-        if (!remove) *result << std::make_pair(key, m->at(key));
-      }
-      return result;
-    }
-
-    Signature keywords_sig = "keywords($args)";
-    BUILT_IN(keywords)
-    {
-      List_Obj arglist = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(ARG("$args", List)); // copy
-      Map_Obj result = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Map, pstate, 1);
-      for (size_t i = arglist->size(), L = arglist->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        Expression_Obj obj = arglist->at(i);
-        Argument_Obj arg = (Argument_Ptr) obj.ptr(); // XXX
-        std::string name = std::string(arg->name());
-        name = name.erase(0, 1); // sanitize name (remove dollar sign)
-        *result << std::make_pair(SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted,
-                 pstate, name),
-                 arg->value());
-      }
-      return result.detach();
-    }
-
-    //////////////////////////
-    // INTROSPECTION FUNCTIONS
-    //////////////////////////
-
-    Signature type_of_sig = "type-of($value)";
-    BUILT_IN(type_of)
-    {
-      Expression_Ptr v = ARG("$value", Expression);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, v->type());
-    }
-
-    Signature unit_sig = "unit($number)";
-    BUILT_IN(unit)
-    {
-      Number_Obj arg = ARGN("$number");
-      std::string str(quote(arg->unit(), '"'));
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, str);
-    }
-
-    Signature unitless_sig = "unitless($number)";
-    BUILT_IN(unitless)
-    {
-      Number_Obj arg = ARGN("$number");
-      bool unitless = arg->is_unitless();
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, unitless);
-    }
-
-    Signature comparable_sig = "comparable($number-1, $number-2)";
-    BUILT_IN(comparable)
-    {
-      Number_Obj n1 = ARGN("$number-1");
-      Number_Obj n2 = ARGN("$number-2");
-      if (n1->is_unitless() || n2->is_unitless()) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, true);
-      }
-      // normalize into main units
-      n1->normalize(); n2->normalize();
-      Units &lhs_unit = *n1, &rhs_unit = *n2;
-      bool is_comparable = (lhs_unit == rhs_unit);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, is_comparable);
-    }
-
-    Signature variable_exists_sig = "variable-exists($name)";
-    BUILT_IN(variable_exists)
-    {
-      std::string s = Util::normalize_underscores(unquote(ARG("$name", String_Constant)->value()));
-
-      if(d_env.has("$"+s)) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, true);
-      }
-      else {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, false);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Signature global_variable_exists_sig = "global-variable-exists($name)";
-    BUILT_IN(global_variable_exists)
-    {
-      std::string s = Util::normalize_underscores(unquote(ARG("$name", String_Constant)->value()));
-
-      if(d_env.has_global("$"+s)) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, true);
-      }
-      else {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, false);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Signature function_exists_sig = "function-exists($name)";
-    BUILT_IN(function_exists)
-    {
-      String_Constant_Ptr ss = Cast<String_Constant>(env["$name"]);
-      if (!ss) {
-        error("$name: " + (env["$name"]->to_string()) + " is not a string for `function-exists'", pstate, traces);
-      }
-
-      std::string name = Util::normalize_underscores(unquote(ss->value()));
-
-      if(d_env.has_global(name+"[f]")) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, true);
-      }
-      else {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, false);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Signature mixin_exists_sig = "mixin-exists($name)";
-    BUILT_IN(mixin_exists)
-    {
-      std::string s = Util::normalize_underscores(unquote(ARG("$name", String_Constant)->value()));
-
-      if(d_env.has_global(s+"[m]")) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, true);
-      }
-      else {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, false);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Signature feature_exists_sig = "feature-exists($name)";
-    BUILT_IN(feature_exists)
-    {
-      std::string s = unquote(ARG("$name", String_Constant)->value());
-
-      if(features.find(s) == features.end()) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, false);
-      }
-      else {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, true);
-      }
-    }
-
-    Signature call_sig = "call($name, $args...)";
-    BUILT_IN(call)
-    {
-      std::string name;
-      Function_Ptr ff = Cast<Function>(env["$name"]);
-      String_Constant_Ptr ss = Cast<String_Constant>(env["$name"]);
-
-      if (ss) {
-        name = Util::normalize_underscores(unquote(ss->value()));
-        std::cerr << "DEPRECATION WARNING: ";
-        std::cerr << "Passing a string to call() is deprecated and will be illegal" << std::endl;
-        std::cerr << "in Sass 4.0. Use call(get-function(" + quote(name) + ")) instead." << std::endl;
-        std::cerr << std::endl;
-      } else if (ff) {
-        name = ff->name();
-      }
-
-      List_Obj arglist = SASS_MEMORY_COPY(ARG("$args", List));
-
-      Arguments_Obj args = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Arguments, pstate);
-      // std::string full_name(name + "[f]");
-      // Definition_Ptr def = d_env.has(full_name) ? Cast<Definition>((d_env)[full_name]) : 0;
-      // Parameters_Ptr params = def ? def->parameters() : 0;
-      // size_t param_size = params ? params->length() : 0;
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = arglist->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        Expression_Obj expr = arglist->value_at_index(i);
-        // if (params && params->has_rest_parameter()) {
-        //   Parameter_Obj p = param_size > i ? (*params)[i] : 0;
-        //   List_Ptr list = Cast<List>(expr);
-        //   if (list && p && !p->is_rest_parameter()) expr = (*list)[0];
-        // }
-        if (arglist->is_arglist()) {
-          Expression_Obj obj = arglist->at(i);
-          Argument_Obj arg = (Argument_Ptr) obj.ptr(); // XXX
-          args->append(SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Argument,
-                                       pstate,
-                                       expr,
-                                       arg ? arg->name() : "",
-                                       arg ? arg->is_rest_argument() : false,
-                                       arg ? arg->is_keyword_argument() : false));
-        } else {
-          args->append(SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Argument, pstate, expr));
-        }
-      }
-      Function_Call_Obj func = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Function_Call, pstate, name, args);
-      Expand expand(ctx, &d_env, &selector_stack);
-      func->via_call(true); // calc invoke is allowed
-      if (ff) func->func(ff);
-      return func->perform(&expand.eval);
-    }
-
-    ////////////////////
-    // BOOLEAN FUNCTIONS
-    ////////////////////
-
-    Signature not_sig = "not($value)";
-    BUILT_IN(sass_not)
-    {
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, ARG("$value", Expression)->is_false());
-    }
-
-    Signature if_sig = "if($condition, $if-true, $if-false)";
-    // BUILT_IN(sass_if)
-    // { return ARG("$condition", Expression)->is_false() ? ARG("$if-false", Expression) : ARG("$if-true", Expression); }
-    BUILT_IN(sass_if)
-    {
-      Expand expand(ctx, &d_env, &selector_stack);
-      Expression_Obj cond = ARG("$condition", Expression)->perform(&expand.eval);
-      bool is_true = !cond->is_false();
-      Expression_Obj res = ARG(is_true ? "$if-true" : "$if-false", Expression);
-      res = res->perform(&expand.eval);
-      res->set_delayed(false); // clone?
-      return res.detach();
-    }
-
-    //////////////////////////
-    // MISCELLANEOUS FUNCTIONS
-    //////////////////////////
-
-    // value.check_deprecated_interp if value.is_a?(Sass::Script::Value::String)
-    // unquoted_string(value.to_sass)
-
-    Signature inspect_sig = "inspect($value)";
-    BUILT_IN(inspect)
-    {
-      Expression_Ptr v = ARG("$value", Expression);
-      if (v->concrete_type() == Expression::NULL_VAL) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, "null");
-      } else if (v->concrete_type() == Expression::BOOLEAN && v->is_false()) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, "false");
-      } else if (v->concrete_type() == Expression::STRING) {
-        return v;
-      } else {
-        // ToDo: fix to_sass for nested parentheses
-        Sass_Output_Style old_style;
-        old_style = ctx.c_options.output_style;
-        ctx.c_options.output_style = TO_SASS;
-        Emitter emitter(ctx.c_options);
-        Inspect i(emitter);
-        i.in_declaration = false;
-        v->perform(&i);
-        ctx.c_options.output_style = old_style;
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, i.get_buffer());
-      }
-      // return v;
-    }
-    Signature selector_nest_sig = "selector-nest($selectors...)";
-    BUILT_IN(selector_nest)
-    {
-      List_Ptr arglist = ARG("$selectors", List);
-
-      // Not enough parameters
-      if( arglist->length() == 0 )
-        error("$selectors: At least one selector must be passed for `selector-nest'", pstate, traces);
-
-      // Parse args into vector of selectors
-      std::vector<Selector_List_Obj> parsedSelectors;
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = arglist->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        Expression_Obj exp = Cast<Expression>(arglist->value_at_index(i));
-        if (exp->concrete_type() == Expression::NULL_VAL) {
-          std::stringstream msg;
-          msg << "$selectors: null is not a valid selector: it must be a string,\n";
-          msg << "a list of strings, or a list of lists of strings for 'selector-nest'";
-          error(msg.str(), pstate, traces);
-        }
-        if (String_Constant_Obj str = Cast<String_Constant>(exp)) {
-          str->quote_mark(0);
-        }
-        std::string exp_src = exp->to_string(ctx.c_options);
-        Selector_List_Obj sel = Parser::parse_selector(exp_src.c_str(), ctx, traces);
-        parsedSelectors.push_back(sel);
-      }
-
-      // Nothing to do
-      if( parsedSelectors.empty() ) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Null, pstate);
-      }
-
-      // Set the first element as the `result`, keep appending to as we go down the parsedSelector vector.
-      std::vector<Selector_List_Obj>::iterator itr = parsedSelectors.begin();
-      Selector_List_Obj result = *itr;
-      ++itr;
-
-      for(;itr != parsedSelectors.end(); ++itr) {
-        Selector_List_Obj child = *itr;
-        std::vector<Complex_Selector_Obj> exploded;
-        selector_stack.push_back(result);
-        Selector_List_Obj rv = child->resolve_parent_refs(selector_stack, traces);
-        selector_stack.pop_back();
-        for (size_t m = 0, mLen = rv->length(); m < mLen; ++m) {
-          exploded.push_back((*rv)[m]);
-        }
-        result->elements(exploded);
-      }
-
-      Listize listize;
-      return result->perform(&listize);
-    }
-
-    Signature selector_append_sig = "selector-append($selectors...)";
-    BUILT_IN(selector_append)
-    {
-      List_Ptr arglist = ARG("$selectors", List);
-
-      // Not enough parameters
-      if( arglist->length() == 0 )
-        error("$selectors: At least one selector must be passed for `selector-append'", pstate, traces);
-
-      // Parse args into vector of selectors
-      std::vector<Selector_List_Obj> parsedSelectors;
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = arglist->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        Expression_Obj exp = Cast<Expression>(arglist->value_at_index(i));
-        if (exp->concrete_type() == Expression::NULL_VAL) {
-          std::stringstream msg;
-          msg << "$selectors: null is not a valid selector: it must be a string,\n";
-          msg << "a list of strings, or a list of lists of strings for 'selector-append'";
-          error(msg.str(), pstate, traces);
-        }
-        if (String_Constant_Ptr str = Cast<String_Constant>(exp)) {
-          str->quote_mark(0);
-        }
-        std::string exp_src = exp->to_string();
-        Selector_List_Obj sel = Parser::parse_selector(exp_src.c_str(), ctx, traces);
-        parsedSelectors.push_back(sel);
-      }
-
-      // Nothing to do
-      if( parsedSelectors.empty() ) {
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Null, pstate);
-      }
-
-      // Set the first element as the `result`, keep appending to as we go down the parsedSelector vector.
-      std::vector<Selector_List_Obj>::iterator itr = parsedSelectors.begin();
-      Selector_List_Obj result = *itr;
-      ++itr;
-
-      for(;itr != parsedSelectors.end(); ++itr) {
-        Selector_List_Obj child = *itr;
-        std::vector<Complex_Selector_Obj> newElements;
-
-        // For every COMPLEX_SELECTOR in `result`
-        // For every COMPLEX_SELECTOR in `child`
-          // let parentSeqClone equal a copy of result->elements[i]
-          // let childSeq equal child->elements[j]
-          // Append all of childSeq head elements into parentSeqClone
-          // Set the innermost tail of parentSeqClone, to childSeq's tail
-        // Replace result->elements with newElements
-        for (size_t i = 0, resultLen = result->length(); i < resultLen; ++i) {
-          for (size_t j = 0, childLen = child->length(); j < childLen; ++j) {
-            Complex_Selector_Obj parentSeqClone = SASS_MEMORY_CLONE((*result)[i]);
-            Complex_Selector_Obj childSeq = (*child)[j];
-            Complex_Selector_Obj base = childSeq->tail();
-
-            // Must be a simple sequence
-            if( childSeq->combinator() != Complex_Selector::Combinator::ANCESTOR_OF ) {
-              std::string msg("Can't append \"");
-              msg += childSeq->to_string();
-              msg += "\" to \"";
-              msg += parentSeqClone->to_string();
-              msg += "\" for `selector-append'";
-              error(msg, pstate, traces);
-            }
-
-            // Cannot be a Universal selector
-            Element_Selector_Obj pType = Cast<Element_Selector>(childSeq->head()->first());
-            if(pType && pType->name() == "*") {
-              std::string msg("Can't append \"");
-              msg += childSeq->to_string();
-              msg += "\" to \"";
-              msg += parentSeqClone->to_string();
-              msg += "\" for `selector-append'";
-              error(msg, pstate, traces);
-            }
-
-            // TODO: Add check for namespace stuff
-
-            // append any selectors in childSeq's head
-            parentSeqClone->innermost()->head()->concat(base->head());
-
-            // Set parentSeqClone new tail
-            parentSeqClone->innermost()->tail( base->tail() );
-
-            newElements.push_back(parentSeqClone);
-          }
-        }
-
-        result->elements(newElements);
-      }
-
-      Listize listize;
-      return result->perform(&listize);
-    }
-
-    Signature selector_unify_sig = "selector-unify($selector1, $selector2)";
-    BUILT_IN(selector_unify)
-    {
-      Selector_List_Obj selector1 = ARGSEL("$selector1", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      Selector_List_Obj selector2 = ARGSEL("$selector2", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-
-      Selector_List_Obj result = selector1->unify_with(selector2);
-      Listize listize;
-      return result->perform(&listize);
-    }
-
-    Signature simple_selectors_sig = "simple-selectors($selector)";
-    BUILT_IN(simple_selectors)
-    {
-      Compound_Selector_Obj sel = ARGSEL("$selector", Compound_Selector_Obj, p_contextualize);
-
-      List_Ptr l = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(List, sel->pstate(), sel->length(), SASS_COMMA);
-
-      for (size_t i = 0, L = sel->length(); i < L; ++i) {
-        Simple_Selector_Obj ss = (*sel)[i];
-        std::string ss_string = ss->to_string() ;
-
-        l->append(SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, ss->pstate(), ss_string));
-      }
-
-      return l;
-    }
-
-    Signature selector_extend_sig = "selector-extend($selector, $extendee, $extender)";
-    BUILT_IN(selector_extend)
-    {
-      Selector_List_Obj  selector = ARGSEL("$selector", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      Selector_List_Obj  extendee = ARGSEL("$extendee", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      Selector_List_Obj  extender = ARGSEL("$extender", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-
-      Subset_Map subset_map;
-      extender->populate_extends(extendee, subset_map);
-      Extend extend(subset_map);
-
-      Selector_List_Obj result = extend.extendSelectorList(selector, false);
-
-      Listize listize;
-      return result->perform(&listize);
-    }
-
-    Signature selector_replace_sig = "selector-replace($selector, $original, $replacement)";
-    BUILT_IN(selector_replace)
-    {
-      Selector_List_Obj selector = ARGSEL("$selector", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      Selector_List_Obj original = ARGSEL("$original", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      Selector_List_Obj replacement = ARGSEL("$replacement", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      Subset_Map subset_map;
-      replacement->populate_extends(original, subset_map);
-      Extend extend(subset_map);
-
-      Selector_List_Obj result = extend.extendSelectorList(selector, true);
-
-      Listize listize;
-      return result->perform(&listize);
-    }
-
-    Signature selector_parse_sig = "selector-parse($selector)";
-    BUILT_IN(selector_parse)
-    {
-      Selector_List_Obj sel = ARGSEL("$selector", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-
-      Listize listize;
-      return sel->perform(&listize);
-    }
-
-    Signature is_superselector_sig = "is-superselector($super, $sub)";
-    BUILT_IN(is_superselector)
-    {
-      Selector_List_Obj  sel_sup = ARGSEL("$super", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      Selector_List_Obj  sel_sub = ARGSEL("$sub", Selector_List_Obj, p_contextualize);
-      bool result = sel_sup->is_superselector_of(sel_sub);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, result);
-    }
-
-    Signature unique_id_sig = "unique-id()";
-    BUILT_IN(unique_id)
-    {
-      std::stringstream ss;
-      std::uniform_real_distribution<> distributor(0, 4294967296); // 16^8
-      uint_fast32_t distributed = static_cast<uint_fast32_t>(distributor(rand));
-      ss << "u" << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(8) << std::hex << distributed;
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(String_Quoted, pstate, ss.str());
-    }
-
-    Signature is_bracketed_sig = "is-bracketed($list)";
-    BUILT_IN(is_bracketed)
-    {
-      Value_Obj value = ARG("$list", Value);
-      List_Obj list = Cast<List>(value);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, list && list->is_bracketed());
-    }
-
-    Signature content_exists_sig = "content-exists()";
-    BUILT_IN(content_exists)
-    {
-      if (!d_env.has_global("is_in_mixin")) {
-        error("Cannot call content-exists() except within a mixin.", pstate, traces);
-      }
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Boolean, pstate, d_env.has_lexical("@content[m]"));
-    }
-
-    Signature get_function_sig = "get-function($name, $css: false)";
-    BUILT_IN(get_function)
-    {
-      String_Constant_Ptr ss = Cast<String_Constant>(env["$name"]);
-      if (!ss) {
-        error("$name: " + (env["$name"]->to_string()) + " is not a string for `get-function'", pstate, traces);
-      }
-
-      std::string name = Util::normalize_underscores(unquote(ss->value()));
-      std::string full_name = name + "[f]";
-
-      Boolean_Obj css = ARG("$css", Boolean);
-      if (!css->is_false()) {
-        Definition_Ptr def = SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Definition,
-                                         pstate,
-                                         name,
-                                         SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Parameters, pstate),
-                                         SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Block, pstate, 0, false),
-                                         Definition::FUNCTION);
-        return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Function, pstate, def, true);
-      }
-
-
-      if (!d_env.has_global(full_name)) {
-        error("Function not found: " + name, pstate, traces);
-      }
-
-      Definition_Ptr def = Cast<Definition>(d_env[full_name]);
-      return SASS_MEMORY_NEW(Function, pstate, def, false);
-    }
-  }
-}