ruby_event_store 1.3.0 → 2.0.0

data/lib/ruby_event_store/mappers/transformation/encryption.rb

@@ -23,27 +23,35 @@ module RubyEventStore
           @forgotten_data = forgotten_data
         end
 
-        def dump(item)
-          data        = item.data
-          metadata    = item.metadata.dup
-          event_class = Object.const_get(item.event_type)
+        def dump(record)
+          data        = record.data
+          metadata    = record.metadata.dup
+          event_class = Object.const_get(record.event_type)
 
           crypto_description    = encryption_metadata(data, encryption_schema(event_class))
           metadata[:encryption] = crypto_description unless crypto_description.empty?
 
-          item.merge(
-            data: encrypt_data(deep_dup(data), crypto_description),
-            metadata: metadata
+          Record.new(
+            event_id:   record.event_id,
+            event_type: record.event_type,
+            data:       encrypt_data(deep_dup(data), crypto_description),
+            metadata:   metadata,
+            timestamp:  record.timestamp,
+            valid_at:   record.valid_at,
           )
         end
 
-        def load(item)
-          metadata = item.metadata.dup
+        def load(record)
+          metadata = record.metadata.dup
           crypto_description = Hash(metadata.delete(:encryption))
 
-          item.merge(
-            data: decrypt_data(item.data, crypto_description),
-            metadata: metadata
+          Record.new(
+            event_id:   record.event_id,
+            event_type: record.event_type,
+            data:       decrypt_data(record.data, crypto_description),
+            metadata:   metadata,
+            timestamp:  record.timestamp,
+            valid_at:   record.valid_at,
           )
         end
 

data/lib/ruby_event_store/mappers/transformation/event_class_remapper.rb

@@ -8,12 +8,19 @@ module RubyEventStore
           @class_map = class_map
         end
 
-        def dump(item)
-          item
+        def dump(record)
+          record
         end
 
-        def load(item)
-          item.merge(event_type: class_map[item.fetch(:event_type)] || item.fetch(:event_type))
+        def load(record)
+          Record.new(
+            event_id:   record.event_id,
+            event_type: class_map[record.event_type] || record.event_type,
+            data:       record.data,
+            metadata:   record.metadata,
+            timestamp:  record.timestamp,
+            valid_at:   record.valid_at,
+          )
         end
 
         private

data/lib/ruby_event_store/mappers/transformation/serialization.rb

@@ -7,26 +7,28 @@ module RubyEventStore
     module Transformation
       class Serialization
         def initialize(serializer: YAML)
-          @serializer = serializer
+          warn <<~EOW
+            #{self.class} has been deprecated and is effectively no-op. You should remove this transformation from your pipeline.
+
+            Instead, pass the serializer directly to the repository and the scheduler. For example:
+
+            Rails.configuration.event_store = RailsEventStore::Client.new(
+              mapper:     RubyEventStore::Mappers::Default.new,
+              repository: RailsEventStoreActiveRecord::EventRepository.new(serializer: #{serializer}),
+              dispatcher: RubyEventStore::ComposedDispatcher.new(
+                RubyEventStore::ImmediateAsyncDispatcher.new(scheduler: ActiveJobScheduler.new(serializer: #{serializer}),
+                RubyEventStore::Dispatcher.new
+              )
+            )
+          EOW
         end
-        attr_reader :serializer
 
         def dump(item)
-          Item.new(
-            event_id:   item.event_id,
-            metadata:   serializer.dump(item.metadata),
-            data:       serializer.dump(item.data),
-            event_type: item.event_type
-          )
+          item
         end
 
         def load(item)
-          Item.new(
-            event_id:   item.event_id,
-            metadata:   serializer.load(item.metadata),
-            data:       serializer.load(item.data),
-            event_type: item.event_type
-          )
+          item
         end
       end
     end

data/lib/ruby_event_store/mappers/transformation/stringify_metadata_keys.rb

@@ -4,18 +4,23 @@ module RubyEventStore
   module Mappers
     module Transformation
       class StringifyMetadataKeys
-        def dump(item)
-          stringify(item)
+        def dump(record)
+          stringify(record)
         end
 
-        def load(item)
-          stringify(item)
+        def load(record)
+          stringify(record)
         end
 
         private
-        def stringify(item)
-          item.merge(
-            metadata: TransformKeys.stringify(item.metadata),
+        def stringify(record)
+          Record.new(
+            event_id:   record.event_id,
+            event_type: record.event_type,
+            data:       record.data,
+            metadata:   TransformKeys.stringify(record.metadata),
+            timestamp:  record.timestamp,
+            valid_at:   record.valid_at,
           )
         end
       end

data/lib/ruby_event_store/mappers/transformation/symbolize_metadata_keys.rb

@@ -4,18 +4,23 @@ module RubyEventStore
   module Mappers
     module Transformation
       class SymbolizeMetadataKeys
-        def dump(item)
-          symbolize(item)
+        def dump(record)
+          symbolize(record)
         end
 
-        def load(item)
-          symbolize(item)
+        def load(record)
+          symbolize(record)
         end
 
         private
-        def symbolize(item)
-          item.merge(
-            metadata: TransformKeys.symbolize(item.metadata),
+        def symbolize(record)
+          Record.new(
+            event_id:   record.event_id,
+            event_type: record.event_type,
+            data:       record.data,
+            metadata:   TransformKeys.symbolize(record.metadata),
+            timestamp:  record.timestamp,
+            valid_at:   record.valid_at,
           )
         end
       end

data/lib/ruby_event_store/null.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RubyEventStore
+  module NULL
+    def self.dump(value)
+      value
+    end
+
+    def self.load(value)
+      value
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/ruby_event_store/projection.rb

@@ -4,19 +4,8 @@ module RubyEventStore
   class Projection
     private_class_method :new
 
-    def self.from_stream(*streams)
-      first_of_streams = streams.first
-      if first_of_streams.respond_to?(:flatten)
-        warn <<~EOW
-          Passing array to .from_stream is not supported. This method expects undefined number 
-          of positional arguments (splat) rather than an array.
-  
-          Expected: .from_stream(#{first_of_streams.map(&:inspect).join(", ")})
-          Received: .from_stream(#{first_of_streams})
-        EOW
-        streams = first_of_streams
-      end
-
+    def self.from_stream(stream_or_streams)
+      streams = Array(stream_or_streams)
       raise(ArgumentError, "At least one stream must be given") if streams.empty?
       new(streams: streams)
     end

data/lib/ruby_event_store/record.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module RubyEventStore
+  class Record
+    StringsRequired = Class.new(StandardError)
+    def initialize(event_id:, data:, metadata:, event_type:, timestamp:, valid_at:)
+      raise StringsRequired unless [event_id, event_type].all? { |v| v.instance_of?(String) }
+      @event_id   = event_id
+      @data       = data
+      @metadata   = metadata
+      @event_type = event_type
+      @timestamp  = timestamp
+      @valid_at   = valid_at
+      @serialized_records = {}
+      freeze
+    end
+
+    attr_reader :event_id, :data, :metadata, :event_type, :timestamp, :valid_at
+
+    BIG_VALUE = 0b110011100100000010010010110011101011110101010101001100111110011
+    def hash
+      [
+        self.class,
+        event_id,
+        data,
+        metadata,
+        event_type,
+        timestamp,
+        valid_at,
+      ].hash ^ BIG_VALUE
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      other.instance_of?(self.class) &&
+        other.event_id.eql?(event_id) &&
+        other.data.eql?(data) &&
+        other.metadata.eql?(metadata) &&
+        other.event_type.eql?(event_type) &&
+        other.timestamp.eql?(timestamp) &&
+        other.valid_at.eql?(valid_at)
+    end
+
+    def to_h
+      {
+        event_id: event_id,
+        data: data,
+        metadata: metadata,
+        event_type: event_type,
+        timestamp: timestamp,
+        valid_at: valid_at,
+      }
+    end
+
+    def serialize(serializer)
+      @serialized_records[serializer] ||=
+        SerializedRecord.new(
+          event_id:   event_id,
+          event_type: event_type,
+          data:       serializer.dump(data),
+          metadata:   serializer.dump(metadata),
+          timestamp:  timestamp.iso8601(TIMESTAMP_PRECISION),
+          valid_at:   valid_at.iso8601(TIMESTAMP_PRECISION),
+        )
+    end
+
+    alias_method :eql?, :==
+  end
+end

data/lib/ruby_event_store/serialized_record.rb

@@ -3,18 +3,20 @@
 module RubyEventStore
   class SerializedRecord
     StringsRequired = Class.new(StandardError)
-    def initialize(event_id:, data:, metadata:, event_type:)
+    def initialize(event_id:, data:, metadata:, event_type:, timestamp:, valid_at:)
       raise StringsRequired unless [event_id, event_type].all? { |v| v.instance_of?(String) }
       @event_id   = event_id
       @data       = data
       @metadata   = metadata
       @event_type = event_type
+      @timestamp  = timestamp
+      @valid_at   = valid_at
       freeze
     end
 
-    attr_reader :event_id, :data, :metadata, :event_type
+    attr_reader :event_id, :data, :metadata, :event_type, :timestamp, :valid_at
 
-    BIG_VALUE = 0b110011100100000010010010110011101011110101010101001100111110011
+    BIG_VALUE = 0b110011100100000010010010110011101011110101010101001100111110111
     def hash
       [
         self.class,
@@ -22,6 +24,8 @@ module RubyEventStore
         data,
         metadata,
         event_type,
+        timestamp,
+        valid_at,
       ].hash ^ BIG_VALUE
     end
 
@@ -30,7 +34,9 @@ module RubyEventStore
         other.event_id.eql?(event_id) &&
         other.data.eql?(data) &&
         other.metadata.eql?(metadata) &&
-        other.event_type.eql?(event_type)
+        other.event_type.eql?(event_type) &&
+        other.timestamp.eql?(timestamp) &&
+        other.valid_at.eql?(valid_at)
     end
 
     def to_h
@@ -39,9 +45,22 @@ module RubyEventStore
         data: data,
         metadata: metadata,
         event_type: event_type,
+        timestamp: timestamp,
+        valid_at: valid_at,
       }
     end
 
+    def deserialize(serializer)
+      Record.new(
+        event_id:   event_id,
+        event_type: event_type,
+        data:       serializer.load(data),
+        metadata:   serializer.load(metadata),
+        timestamp:  Time.iso8601(timestamp),
+        valid_at:   Time.iso8601(valid_at),
+      )
+    end
+
     alias_method :eql?, :==
   end
 end

data/lib/ruby_event_store/spec/broker_lint.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 RSpec.shared_examples :broker do |broker_klass|
   let(:event) { instance_double(::RubyEventStore::Event, event_type: 'EventType') }
-  let(:serialized_event) { instance_double(::RubyEventStore::SerializedRecord)  }
+  let(:record) { instance_double(::RubyEventStore::Record)  }
   let(:handler) { HandlerClass.new }
   let(:subscriptions) { ::RubyEventStore::Subscriptions.new }
   let(:dispatcher) { ::RubyEventStore::Dispatcher.new }
@@ -9,26 +9,26 @@ RSpec.shared_examples :broker do |broker_klass|
   specify "no dispatch when no subscriptions" do
     expect(subscriptions).to receive(:all_for).with('EventType').and_return([])
     expect(dispatcher).not_to receive(:call)
-    broker.call(event, serialized_event)
+    broker.call(event, record)
   end
 
   specify "calls subscription" do
     expect(subscriptions).to receive(:all_for).with('EventType').and_return([handler])
-    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(handler, event, serialized_event)
-    broker.call(event, serialized_event)
+    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(handler, event, record)
+    broker.call(event, record)
   end
 
   specify "calls subscribed class" do
     expect(subscriptions).to receive(:all_for).with('EventType').and_return([HandlerClass])
-    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(HandlerClass, event, serialized_event)
-    broker.call(event, serialized_event)
+    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(HandlerClass, event, record)
+    broker.call(event, record)
   end
 
   specify "calls all subscriptions" do
     expect(subscriptions).to receive(:all_for).with('EventType').and_return([handler, HandlerClass])
-    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(handler, event, serialized_event)
-    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(HandlerClass, event, serialized_event)
-    broker.call(event, serialized_event)
+    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(handler, event, record)
+    expect(dispatcher).to receive(:call).with(HandlerClass, event, record)
+    broker.call(event, record)
   end
 
   specify 'raise error when no subscriber' do

data/lib/ruby_event_store/spec/event_repository_lint.rb

@@ -3,15 +3,19 @@ module RubyEventStore
   class SRecord
     def self.new(
       event_id:   SecureRandom.uuid,
-      data:       '{}',
-      metadata:   '{}',
-      event_type: 'SRecordTestEvent'
+      data:       {},
+      metadata:   {},
+      event_type: 'SRecordTestEvent',
+      timestamp:  Time.new.utc,
+      valid_at:   nil
     )
-      SerializedRecord.new(
+      Record.new(
         event_id:   event_id,
         data:       data,
         metadata:   metadata,
         event_type: event_type,
+        timestamp:  timestamp.round(TIMESTAMP_PRECISION),
+        valid_at:   (valid_at || timestamp).round(TIMESTAMP_PRECISION),
       )
     end
   end
@@ -22,13 +26,45 @@ module RubyEventStore
   Type2 = Class.new(RubyEventStore::Event)
   # @private
   Type3 = Class.new(RubyEventStore::Event)
+
+  # @private
+  class EventRepositoryHelper
+    def supports_concurrent_auto?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def supports_concurrent_any?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def supports_binary?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def supports_upsert?
+      true
+    end
+
+    def has_connection_pooling?
+      false
+    end
+
+    def connection_pool_size
+    end
+
+    def cleanup_concurrency_test
+    end
+
+    def rescuable_concurrency_test_errors
+      []
+    end
+  end
 end
 
 module RubyEventStore
-  RSpec.shared_examples :event_repository do |repository_class, rescuable_concurrency_test_errors = []|
-    let(:repository)    { subject || repository_class.new }
-    let(:mapper)        { Mappers::NullMapper.new }
-    let(:specification) { Specification.new(SpecificationReader.new(repository, mapper)) }
+  ::RSpec.shared_examples :event_repository do
+    let(:helper)        { EventRepositoryHelper.new }
+    let(:specification) { Specification.new(SpecificationReader.new(repository, Mappers::NullMapper.new)) }
     let(:global_stream) { Stream.new(GLOBAL_STREAM) }
     let(:stream)        { Stream.new(SecureRandom.uuid) }
     let(:stream_flow)   { Stream.new('flow') }
@@ -42,6 +78,11 @@ module RubyEventStore
     let(:version_2)     { ExpectedVersion.new(2) }
     let(:version_3)     { ExpectedVersion.new(3) }
 
+    def verify_conncurency_assumptions
+      return unless helper.has_connection_pooling?
+      expect(helper.connection_pool_size).to eq(5)
+    end
+
     def read_events(scope, stream = nil, from: nil, to: nil, count: nil)
       scope = scope.stream(stream.name) if stream
       scope = scope.from(from) if from
@@ -393,7 +434,7 @@ module RubyEventStore
     end
 
     specify 'unlimited concurrency for :any - everything should succeed', timeout: 10, mutant: false do
-      skip unless test_race_conditions_any
+      skip unless helper.supports_concurrent_any?
       verify_conncurency_assumptions
       begin
         concurrency_level = 4
@@ -426,12 +467,12 @@ module RubyEventStore
         end
         expect(events0).to eq(events0.sort_by{|ev| ev.event_id })
       ensure
-        cleanup_concurrency_test
+        helper.cleanup_concurrency_test
       end
     end
 
     specify 'unlimited concurrency for :any - everything should succeed when linking', timeout: 10, mutant: false do
-      skip unless test_race_conditions_any
+      skip unless helper.supports_concurrent_any?
       verify_conncurency_assumptions
       begin
         concurrency_level = 4
@@ -471,12 +512,12 @@ module RubyEventStore
         end
         expect(events0).to eq(events0.sort_by{|ev| ev.event_id })
       ensure
-        cleanup_concurrency_test
+        helper.cleanup_concurrency_test
       end
     end
 
     specify 'limited concurrency for :auto - some operations will fail without outside lock, stream is ordered', mutant: false do
-      skip unless test_race_conditions_auto
+      skip unless helper.supports_concurrent_auto?
       verify_conncurency_assumptions
       begin
         concurrency_level = 4
@@ -494,7 +535,7 @@ module RubyEventStore
                   SRecord.new(event_id: eid),
                 ], stream, version_auto)
                 sleep(rand(concurrency_level) / 1000.0)
-              rescue WrongExpectedEventVersion, *rescuable_concurrency_test_errors
+              rescue WrongExpectedEventVersion, *helper.rescuable_concurrency_test_errors
                 fail_occurred +=1
               end
             end
@@ -510,14 +551,14 @@ module RubyEventStore
           ev.event_id.start_with?("0-")
         end
         expect(events0).to eq(events0.sort_by{|ev| ev.event_id })
-        additional_limited_concurrency_for_auto_check
+        additional_limited_concurrency_for_auto_check if defined? additional_limited_concurrency_for_auto_check
       ensure
-        cleanup_concurrency_test
+        helper.cleanup_concurrency_test
       end
     end
 
     specify 'limited concurrency for :auto - some operations will fail without outside lock, stream is ordered', mutant: false do
-      skip unless test_race_conditions_auto
+      skip unless helper.supports_concurrent_auto?
       verify_conncurency_assumptions
       begin
         concurrency_level = 4
@@ -542,7 +583,7 @@ module RubyEventStore
                 eid = "0000000#{i}-#{sprintf("%04d", j)}-0000-0000-000000000000"
                 repository.link_to_stream(eid, stream, version_auto)
                 sleep(rand(concurrency_level) / 1000.0)
-              rescue WrongExpectedEventVersion, *rescuable_concurrency_test_errors
+              rescue WrongExpectedEventVersion, *helper.rescuable_concurrency_test_errors
                 fail_occurred +=1
               end
             end
@@ -558,9 +599,9 @@ module RubyEventStore
           ev.event_id.start_with?("0-")
         end
         expect(events0).to eq(events0.sort_by{|ev| ev.event_id })
-        additional_limited_concurrency_for_auto_check
+        additional_limited_concurrency_for_auto_check if defined? additional_limited_concurrency_for_auto_check
       ensure
-        cleanup_concurrency_test
+        helper.cleanup_concurrency_test
       end
     end
 
@@ -573,30 +614,30 @@ module RubyEventStore
     end
 
     it 'data attributes are retrieved' do
-      event = SRecord.new(data: '{"order_id":3}')
+      event = SRecord.new(data: { "order_id" => 3 })
       repository.append_to_stream(event, stream, version_any)
       retrieved_event = read_events_forward(repository, count: 1).first
-      expect(retrieved_event.data).to eq('{"order_id":3}')
+      expect(retrieved_event.data).to eq({ "order_id" => 3 })
     end
 
     it 'metadata attributes are retrieved' do
-      event = SRecord.new(metadata: '{"request_id":3}')
+      event = SRecord.new(metadata: { "request_id" => 3 })
       repository.append_to_stream(event, stream, version_any)
       retrieved_event = read_events_forward(repository, count: 1).first
-      expect(retrieved_event.metadata).to eq('{"request_id":3}')
+      expect(retrieved_event.metadata).to eq({ "request_id" => 3 })
     end
 
     it 'data and metadata attributes are retrieved when linking' do
       event = SRecord.new(
-        data: '{"order_id":3}',
-        metadata: '{"request_id":4}',
+        data: { "order_id" => 3 },
+        metadata: { "request_id" => 4},
       )
       repository
         .append_to_stream(event, stream, version_any)
         .link_to_stream(event.event_id, stream_flow, version_any)
       retrieved_event = read_events_forward(repository, stream_flow).first
-      expect(retrieved_event.metadata).to eq('{"request_id":4}')
-      expect(retrieved_event.data).to eq('{"order_id":3}')
+      expect(retrieved_event.metadata).to eq({ "request_id" => 4 })
+      expect(retrieved_event.data).to eq({ "order_id" => 3 })
       expect(event).to eq(retrieved_event)
     end
 
@@ -918,7 +959,7 @@ module RubyEventStore
     end
 
     specify 'can store arbitrary binary data' do
-      skip unless test_binary
+      skip unless helper.supports_binary?
       binary = "\xB0"
       expect(binary.valid_encoding?).to eq(false)
       binary.force_encoding("binary")
@@ -1091,7 +1132,7 @@ module RubyEventStore
 
     context "#update_messages" do
       specify "changes events" do
-        skip unless test_change
+        skip unless helper.supports_upsert?
         events = Array.new(5) { SRecord.new }
         repository.append_to_stream(
           events[0..2],
@@ -1104,19 +1145,20 @@ module RubyEventStore
           ExpectedVersion.any
         )
         repository.update_messages([
-          a = SRecord.new(event_id: events[0].event_id.clone, data: events[0].data, metadata: events[0].metadata, event_type: events[0].event_type),
-          b = SRecord.new(event_id: events[1].event_id.dup, data: '{"test":1}', metadata: events[1].metadata, event_type: events[1].event_type),
-          c = SRecord.new(event_id: events[2].event_id, data: events[2].data, metadata: '{"test":2}', event_type: events[2].event_type),
-          d = SRecord.new(event_id: events[3].event_id.clone, data: events[3].data, metadata: events[3].metadata, event_type: "event_type3"),
-          e = SRecord.new(event_id: events[4].event_id.dup, data: '{"test":4}', metadata: '{"test":42}', event_type: "event_type4"),
+          a = SRecord.new(event_id: events[0].event_id.clone, data: events[0].data,  metadata: events[0].metadata, event_type: events[0].event_type, timestamp: events[0].timestamp),
+          b = SRecord.new(event_id: events[1].event_id.dup,   data: { "test" => 1 }, metadata: events[1].metadata, event_type: events[1].event_type, timestamp: events[1].timestamp),
+          c = SRecord.new(event_id: events[2].event_id,       data: events[2].data,  metadata: { "test" => 2 },    event_type: events[2].event_type, timestamp: events[2].timestamp),
+          d = SRecord.new(event_id: events[3].event_id.clone, data: events[3].data,  metadata: events[3].metadata, event_type: "event_type3",        timestamp: events[3].timestamp),
+          e = SRecord.new(event_id: events[4].event_id.dup,   data: { "test" => 4 }, metadata: { "test" => 42 },   event_type: "event_type4",        timestamp: events[4].timestamp),
         ])
+
         expect(repository.read(specification.result).to_a).to eq([a,b,c,d,e])
         expect(repository.read(specification.stream("whatever").result).to_a).to eq([a,b,c])
         expect(repository.read(specification.stream("elo").result).to_a).to eq([d,e])
       end
 
       specify "cannot change unexisting event" do
-        skip unless test_change
+        skip unless helper.supports_upsert?
         e = SRecord.new
         expect{ repository.update_messages([e]) }.to raise_error do |err|
           expect(err).to be_a(EventNotFound)
@@ -1124,6 +1166,14 @@ module RubyEventStore
           expect(err.message).to eq("Event not found: #{e.event_id}")
         end
       end
+
+      specify "does not change timestamp" do
+        r = SRecord.new(timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+        repository.append_to_stream([r], Stream.new("whatever"), ExpectedVersion.any)
+        repository.update_messages([SRecord.new(event_id: r.event_id, timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 20))])
+
+        expect(repository.read(specification.result).first.timestamp).to eq(Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      end
     end
 
     specify do
@@ -1228,5 +1278,119 @@ module RubyEventStore
       expect(repository.count(specification.stream("Dummy").of_type([Type3]).result)).to eq(2)
       expect(repository.count(specification.stream(stream.name).of_type([Type3]).result)).to eq(0)
     end
+
+    specify 'timestamp precision' do
+      time = Time.utc(2020, 9, 11, 12, 26, 0, 123456)
+      repository.append_to_stream(SRecord.new(timestamp: time), stream, version_none)
+      event = read_events_forward(repository, count: 1).first
+
+      expect(event.timestamp).to eq(time)
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records older than specified date in stream' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.stream('whatever').older_than(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_1])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records older than or equal to specified date in stream' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.stream('whatever').older_than_or_equal(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_1, event_2])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records newer than specified date in stream' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.stream('whatever').newer_than(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_3])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records newer than or equal to specified date in stream' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.stream('whatever').newer_than_or_equal(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_2, event_3])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records older than specified date' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.older_than(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_1])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records older than or equal to specified date' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.older_than_or_equal(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_1, event_2])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records newer than specified date' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.newer_than(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_3])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records newer than or equal to specified date' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.newer_than_or_equal(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([event_2, event_3])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records from disjoint periods' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.older_than(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).newer_than(Time.utc(2020, 1, 2)).result).to_a).to eq([])
+    end
+
+    specify 'fetching records within time range' do
+      event_1 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8a6f053e-3ce2-4c82-a55b-4d02c66ae6ea', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 1))
+      event_2 = SRecord.new(event_id: '8cee1139-4f96-483a-a175-2b947283c3c7', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 2))
+      event_3 = SRecord.new(event_id: 'd345f86d-b903-4d78-803f-38990c078d9e', timestamp: Time.utc(2020, 1, 3))
+      repository.append_to_stream([event_1, event_2, event_3], Stream.new('whatever'), version_any)
+
+      expect(repository.read(specification.between(Time.utc(2020, 1, 1)...Time.utc(2020, 1, 3)).result).to_a).to eq([event_1, event_2])
+    end
+
+    specify "time order is respected" do
+      repository.append_to_stream([
+          SRecord.new(event_id: e1 = SecureRandom.uuid, timestamp: Time.new(2020,1,1), valid_at: Time.new(2020,1,9)),
+          SRecord.new(event_id: e2 = SecureRandom.uuid, timestamp: Time.new(2020,1,3), valid_at: Time.new(2020,1,6)),
+          SRecord.new(event_id: e3 = SecureRandom.uuid, timestamp: Time.new(2020,1,2), valid_at: Time.new(2020,1,3)),
+        ],
+        Stream.new("Dummy"),
+        ExpectedVersion.any
+      )
+      expect(repository.read(specification.result).map(&:event_id)).to eq [e1, e2, e3]
+      expect(repository.read(specification.as_at.result).map(&:event_id)).to eq [e1, e3, e2]
+      expect(repository.read(specification.as_at.backward.result).map(&:event_id)).to eq [e2, e3, e1]
+      expect(repository.read(specification.as_of.result).map(&:event_id)).to eq [e3, e2, e1]
+      expect(repository.read(specification.as_of.backward.result).map(&:event_id)).to eq [e1, e2, e3]
+    end
   end
 end