ruby-units 1.3.2 → 1.4.0

data/lib/ruby_units/unit_definitions.rb

@@ -1,252 +1,3 @@
-class Unit < Numeric
-UNIT_DEFINITIONS = { 
-  # prefixes
-  '<googol>' => [%w{googol}, 1e100, :prefix],
-  '<kibi>'  =>  [%w{Ki Kibi kibi}, 2**10, :prefix],
-  '<mebi>'  =>  [%w{Mi Mebi mebi}, 2**20, :prefix],
-  '<gibi>'  =>  [%w{Gi Gibi gibi}, 2**30, :prefix],
-  '<tebi>'  =>  [%w{Ti Tebi tebi}, 2**40, :prefix],
-  '<pebi>'  =>  [%w{Pi Pebi pebi}, 2**50, :prefix],
-  '<exi>'   =>  [%w{Ei Exi exi}, 2**60, :prefix],
-  '<zebi>'  =>  [%w{Zi Zebi zebi}, 2**70, :prefix],
-  '<yebi>'  =>  [%w{Yi Yebi yebi}, 2**80, :prefix],
-  '<yotta>' =>  [%w{Y Yotta yotta}, 1e24, :prefix],
-  '<zetta>' =>  [%w{Z Zetta zetta}, 1e21, :prefix],
-  '<exa>'   =>  [%w{E Exa exa}, 1e18, :prefix],
-  '<peta>'  =>  [%w{P Peta peta}, 1e15, :prefix],
-  '<tera>'  =>  [%w{T Tera tera}, 1e12, :prefix],
-  '<giga>'  =>  [%w{G Giga giga}, 1e9, :prefix],
-  '<mega>'  =>  [%w{M Mega mega}, 1e6, :prefix],
-  '<kilo>'  =>  [%w{k kilo}, 1e3, :prefix],
-  '<hecto>' =>  [%w{h Hecto hecto}, 1e2, :prefix],
-  '<deca>'  =>  [%w{da Deca deca deka}, 1e1, :prefix],
-  '<deci>'  =>  [%w{d Deci deci}, Rational(1,1e1), :prefix],
-  '<centi>'  => [%w{c Centi centi}, Rational(1,1e2), :prefix],
-  '<milli>' =>  [%w{m Milli milli}, Rational(1,1e3), :prefix],
-  '<micro>'  => [%w{u Micro micro}, Rational(1,1e6), :prefix],
-  '<nano>'  =>  [%w{n Nano nano}, Rational(1,1e9), :prefix],
-  '<pico>'  =>  [%w{p Pico pico}, Rational(1,1e12), :prefix],
-  '<femto>' =>  [%w{f Femto femto}, Rational(1,1e15), :prefix],
-  '<atto>'  =>  [%w{a Atto atto}, Rational(1,1e18), :prefix],
-  '<zepto>' =>  [%w{z Zepto zepto}, Rational(1,1e21), :prefix],
-  '<yocto>' =>  [%w{y Yocto yocto}, Rational(1,1e24), :prefix],
-  '<1>'     =>  [%w{1},1,:prefix],
-
-  # length units
-  '<meter>' =>  [%w{m meter meters metre metres}, 1, :length, %w{<meter>} ],
-  '<inch>'  =>  [%w{in inch inches "}, Rational(254,10_000), :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<foot>'  =>  [%w{ft foot feet '}, Rational(3048,10_000), :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<yard>'  =>  [%w{yd yard yards}, 0.9144, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<mile>'  =>  [%w{mi mile miles}, 1609.344, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<naut-mile>' => [%w{nmi}, 1852, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<league>'=>  [%w{league leagues}, 4828, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<furlong>'=> [%w{furlong furlongs}, 201.2, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<rod>'   =>  [%w{rd rod rods}, 5.029, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<mil>'   =>  [%w{mil mils}, 0.0000254, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<angstrom>'  =>[%w{ang angstrom angstroms}, Rational(1,1e10), :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<fathom>' => [%w{fathom fathoms}, 1.829, :length, %w{<meter>}],  
-  '<pica>'  => [%w{pica picas}, 0.004217, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<point>' => [%w{pt point points}, 0.0003514, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<redshift>' => [%w{z red-shift}, 1.302773e26, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<AU>'    => [%w{AU astronomical-unit}, 149597900000, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<light-second>'=>[%w{ls light-second}, 299792500, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<light-minute>'=>[%w{lmin light-minute}, 17987550000, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<light-year>' => [%w{ly light-year}, 9460528000000000, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<parsec>'  => [%w{pc parsec parsecs}, 30856780000000000, :length, %w{<meter>}],
-
-  #mass
-  '<kilogram>' => [%w{kg kilogram kilograms}, 1, :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<AMU>' => [%w{u AMU amu}, 6.0221415e26, :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<dalton>' => [%w{Da Dalton Daltons dalton daltons}, 6.0221415e26, :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<slug>' => [%w{slug slugs}, 14.5939029, :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<short-ton>' => [%w{tn ton}, 907.18474, :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<metric-ton>'=>[%w{tonne}, 1000, :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<carat>' => [%w{ct carat carats}, 0.0002, :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<pound>' => [%w{lbs lb pound pounds #}, Rational(8171193714040401,18014398509481984), :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<ounce>' => [%w{oz ounce ounces}, Rational(8171193714040401,288230376151711744), :mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-  '<gram>'    =>  [%w{g gram grams gramme grammes},Rational(1,1e3),:mass, %w{<kilogram>}],
-
-  #area
-  '<hectare>'=>[%w{hectare}, 10000, :area, %w{<meter> <meter>}],
-  '<acre>'=>[%w(acre acres), 4046.85642, :area, %w{<meter> <meter>}],
-  '<sqft>'=>[%w(sqft), 1, :area, %w{<feet> <feet>}],
-
-  #volume
-  '<liter>' => [%w{l L liter liters litre litres}, Rational(1,1e3), :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<gallon>'=>  [%w{gal gallon gallons}, 0.0037854118, :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<quart>'=>  [%w{qt quart quarts}, 0.00094635295, :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<pint>'=>  [%w{pt pint pints}, 0.000473176475, :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<cup>'=>  [%w{cu cup cups}, 0.000236588238, :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<fluid-ounce>'=>  [%w{floz fluid-ounce}, 2.95735297e-5, :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<tablespoon>'=>  [%w{tbs tablespoon tablespoons}, 1.47867648e-5, :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<teaspoon>'=>  [%w{tsp teaspoon teaspoons}, 4.92892161e-6, :volume, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-
-  #volumetric flow
-  '<cfm>' => [%w{cfm CFM CFPM}, (18435447/39062500000), :volumetric_flow, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}, %w{<second>}],
-
-  #speed
-  '<kph>' => [%w{kph}, 0.277777778, :speed, %w{<meter>}, %w{<second>}],
-  '<mph>' => [%w{mph}, 0.44704, :speed, %w{<meter>}, %w{<second>}],
-  '<knot>' => [%w{kt kn kts knot knots}, 0.514444444, :speed, %w{<meter>}, %w{<second>}],
-  '<fps>'  => [%w{fps}, 0.3048, :speed, %w{<meter>}, %w{<second>}],
-  
-  #acceleration
-  '<gee>' => [%w{gee}, 9.80655, :acceleration, %w{<meter>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  
-
-  #temperature_difference
-  '<kelvin>' => [%w{degK kelvin}, 1, :temperature, %w{<kelvin>}],
-  '<celsius>' => [%w{degC celsius celsius centigrade}, 1, :temperature, %w{<kelvin>}],
-  '<fahrenheit>' => [%w{degF fahrenheit}, Rational(1,1.8), :temperature, %w{<kelvin>}],
-  '<rankine>' => [%w{degR rankine}, Rational(1,1.8), :temperature, %w{<kelvin>}],
-  '<tempK>'  => [%w{tempK}, 1, :temperature, %w{<tempK>}],
-  '<tempC>'  => [%w{tempC}, 1, :temperature, %w{<tempK>}],
-  '<tempF>'  => [%w{tempF}, Rational(1,1.8), :temperature, %w{<tempK>}],
-  '<tempR>'  => [%w{tempR}, Rational(1,1.8), :temperature, %w{<tempK>}],
-  
-  #time
-  '<second>'=>  [%w{s sec second seconds}, 1, :time, %w{<second>}],
-  '<minute>'=>  [%w{min minute minutes}, 60, :time, %w{<second>}],  
-  '<hour>'=>  [%w{h hr hrs hour hours}, 3600, :time, %w{<second>}],  
-  '<day>'=>  [%w{d day days}, 3600*24, :time, %w{<second>}],
-  '<week>'=>  [%w{wk week weeks}, 7*3600*24, :time, %w{<second>}],
-  '<fortnight>'=> [%w{fortnight fortnights}, 1209600, :time, %W{<second>}],
-  '<year>'=>  [%w{y yr year years annum}, 31556926, :time, %w{<second>}],
-  '<decade>'=>[%w{decade decades}, 315569260, :time, %w{<second>}],
-  '<century>'=>[%w{century centuries}, 3155692600, :time, %w{<second>}],
-
-  #pressure
-  '<pascal>' => [%w{Pa pascal Pascal}, 1, :pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<bar>' => [%w{bar bars}, 100000, :pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<mmHg>' => [%w{mmHg}, 133.322368,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<inHg>' => [%w{inHg}, 3386.3881472,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<torr>' => [%w{torr}, 133.322368,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<bar>' => [%w{bar}, 100000,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<atm>' => [%w{atm ATM atmosphere atmospheres}, 101325,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<psi>' => [%w{psi}, 6894.76,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<cmh2o>' => [%w{cmH2O}, 98.0638,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  '<inh2o>' => [%w{inH2O}, 249.082052,:pressure, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second> <second>}],
-  
-  #viscosity
-  '<poise>'  => [%w{P poise}, Rational(1,10), :viscosity, %w{<kilogram>},%w{<meter> <second>} ],
-  '<stokes>' => [%w{St stokes}, Rational(1,1e4), :viscosity, %w{<meter> <meter>}, %w{<second>}],
-
-  #substance
-  '<mole>'  =>  [%w{mol mole}, 1, :substance, %w{<mole>}],
-
-  #concentration
-  '<molar>' => [%w{M molar}, 1000, :concentration, %w{<mole>}, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-  '<wtpercent>'  => [%w{wt% wtpercent}, 10, :concentration, %w{<kilogram>}, %w{<meter> <meter> <meter>}],
-
-  #activity
-  '<katal>' =>  [%w{kat katal Katal}, 1, :activity, %w{<mole>}, %w{<second>}],
-  '<unit>'  =>  [%w{U enzUnit}, 16.667e-16, :activity, %w{<mole>}, %w{<second>}],
-
-  #capacitance
-  '<farad>' =>  [%w{F farad Farad}, 1, :capacitance, %w{<second> <second> <second> <second> <ampere> <ampere>}, %w{<kilogram> <meter> <meter>}],
-
-  #charge
-  '<coulomb>' =>  [%w{C coulomb Coulomb}, 1, :charge, %w{<ampere> <second>}],
-
-  #current
-  '<ampere>'  =>  [%w{A Ampere ampere amp amps}, 1, :current, %w{<ampere>}],
-
-  #conductance
-  '<siemens>' => [%w{S Siemens siemens}, 1, :resistance, %w{<second> <second> <second> <ampere> <ampere>}, %w{<kilogram> <meter> <meter>}],
-
-  #inductance
-  '<henry>' =>  [%w{H Henry henry}, 1, :inductance, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second> <ampere> <ampere>}],
-
-  #potential
-  '<volt>'  =>  [%w{V Volt volt volts}, 1, :potential, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second> <second> <ampere>}],
-
-  #resistance
-  '<ohm>' =>  [%w{Ohm ohm}, 1, :resistance, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>},%w{<second> <second> <second> <ampere> <ampere>}],
-
-  #magnetism
-  '<weber>' => [%w{Wb weber webers}, 1, :magnetism, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second> <ampere>}],
-  '<tesla>'  => [%w{T tesla teslas}, 1, :magnetism, %w{<kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second> <ampere>}],
-  '<gauss>' => [%w{G gauss}, Rational(1,1e4), :magnetism,  %w{<kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second> <ampere>}],
-  '<maxwell>' => [%w{Mx maxwell maxwells}, Rational(1,1e8), :magnetism, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second> <ampere>}],
-  '<oersted>'  => [%w{Oe oersted oersteds}, 250.0/Math::PI, :magnetism, %w{<ampere>}, %w{<meter>}],
-
-  #energy
-  '<joule>' =>  [%w{J joule Joule joules}, 1, :energy, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<erg>'   =>  [%w{erg ergs}, Rational(1,1e7), :energy, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<btu>'   =>  [%w{BTU btu BTUs}, 1055.056, :energy, %w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<calorie>' =>  [%w{cal calorie calories}, 4.18400, :energy,%w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<Calorie>' =>  [%w{Cal Calorie Calories}, 4184.00, :energy,%w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<therm-US>' => [%w{th therm therms Therm}, 105480400, :energy,%w{<meter> <meter> <kilogram>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-
-  #force
-  '<newton>'  => [%w{N Newton newton}, 1, :force, %w{<kilogram> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<dyne>'  => [%w{dyn dyne}, Rational(1,1e5), :force, %w{<kilogram> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<pound-force>'  => [%w{lbf pound-force}, 4.448222, :force, %w{<kilogram> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-
-  #frequency
-  '<hertz>' => [%w{Hz hertz Hertz}, 1, :frequency, %w{<1>}, %{<second>}],
-
-  #angle
-  '<radian>' =>[%w{rad radian radian radians}, 1, :angle, %w{<radian>}],
-  '<degree>' =>[%w{deg degree degrees}, Math::PI / 180.0, :angle, %w{<radian>}],
-  '<grad>'   =>[%w{grad gradian grads}, Math::PI / 200.0, :angle, %w{<radian>}],
-  '<steradian>'  => [%w{sr steradian steradians}, 1, :solid_angle, %w{<steradian>}],
-
-  #rotation
-  '<rotation>' => [%w{rotation}, 2.0*Math::PI, :angle, %w{<radian>}],
-  '<rpm>'   =>[%w{rpm}, 2.0*Math::PI / 60.0, :angular_velocity, %w{<radian>}, %w{<second>}],
-
-  #memory
-  '<byte>'  =>[%w{B byte}, 1, :memory, %w{<byte>}],
-  '<bit>'  =>[%w{b bit}, 0.125, :memory, %w{<byte>}],
-
-  #currency
-  '<dollar>'=>[%w{USD dollar}, 1, :currency, %w{<dollar>}],
-  '<cents>' =>[%w{cents}, Rational(1,100), :currency, %w{<dollar>}],
-
-  #luminosity
-  '<candela>' => [%w{cd candela}, 1, :luminosity, %w{<candela>}],
-  '<lumen>' => [%w{lm lumen}, 1, :luminous_power, %w{<candela> <steradian>}],
-  '<lux>' =>[%w{lux}, 1, :illuminance, %w{<candela> <steradian>}, %w{<meter> <meter>}],
-
-  #power
-  '<watt>'  => [%w{W watt watts}, 1, :power, %w{<kilogram> <meter> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second> <second>}],
-  '<horsepower>'  =>  [%w{hp horsepower}, 745.699872, :power, %w{<kilogram> <meter> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second> <second>}],
-
-  #radiation
-  '<gray>' => [%w{Gy gray grays}, 1, :radiation, %w{<meter> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<roentgen>' => [%w{R roentgen}, 0.009330, :radiation, %w{<meter> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<sievert>' => [%w{Sv sievert sieverts}, 1, :radiation, %w{<meter> <meter>}, %w{<second> <second>}],
-  '<becquerel>' => [%w{Bq bequerel bequerels}, 1, :radiation, %w{<1>},%w{<second>}],
-  '<curie>' => [%w{Ci curie curies}, 3.7e10, :radiation, %w{<1>},%w{<second>}],
-  
-  # rate
-  '<cpm>' => [%w{cpm}, Rational(1,60), :rate, %w{<count>},%w{<second>}],
-  '<dpm>' => [%w{dpm}, Rational(1,60), :rate, %w{<count>},%w{<second>}],
-  '<bpm>' => [%w{bpm}, Rational(1,60), :rate, %w{<count>},%w{<second>}],
-
-  #resolution / typography
-  '<dot>' => [%w{dot dots}, 1, :resolution, %w{<each>}],
-  '<pixel>' => [%w{pixel px}, 1, :resolution, %w{<each>}],
-  '<ppi>' => [%w{ppi}, 1, :resolution, %w{<pixel>}, %w{<inch>}],
-  '<dpi>' => [%w{dpi}, 1, :typography, %w{<dot>}, %w{<inch>}],
-  '<pica>' => [%w{pica}, 0.00423333333 , :typography, %w{<meter>}],
-  '<point>' => [%w{point pt}, 0.000352777778, :typography, %w{<meter>}],
-
-  #other
-  '<cell>' => [%w{cells cell}, 1, :counting, %w{<each>}],
-  '<each>' => [%w{each}, 1, :counting, %w{<each>}],
-  '<count>' => [%w{count}, 1, :counting, %w{<each>}],  
-  '<base-pair>'  => [%w{bp}, 1, :counting, %w{<each>}],
-  '<nucleotide>' => [%w{nt}, 1, :counting, %w{<each>}],
-  '<molecule>' => [%w{molecule molecules}, 1, :counting, %w{<1>}],
-  '<dozen>' =>  [%w{doz dz dozen},12,:prefix_only, %w{<each>}],
-  '<percent>'=> [%w{% percent}, Rational(1,100), :prefix_only, %w{<1>}],
-  '<ppm>' =>  [%w{ppm},Rational(1,1e6),:prefix_only, %w{<1>}],
-  '<ppt>' =>  [%w{ppt},Rational(1,1e9),:prefix_only, %w{<1>}],
-  '<gross>' =>  [%w{gr gross},144, :prefix_only, %w{<dozen> <dozen>}],
-  '<decibel>'  => [%w{dB decibel decibels}, 1, :logarithmic, %w{<decibel>}]
-
-
-} # doc
-end
+require 'ruby_units/unit_definitions/prefix'
+require 'ruby_units/unit_definitions/base'
+require 'ruby_units/unit_definitions/standard'

data/lib/ruby_units/unit_definitions/base.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+# seed the cache
+Unit('1')
+
+Unit.define("meter") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<meter>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{m meter meters metre metres}
+  unit.kind      = :length
+end
+
+Unit.define("kilogram") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<kilogram>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{kg kilogram kilograms}
+  unit.kind      = :mass
+end
+
+Unit.define("second") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<second>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{s sec second seconds}
+  unit.kind      = :time
+end
+
+Unit.define("mole") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<mole>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{mol mole}
+  unit.kind      = :substance
+end
+
+Unit.define("ampere") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<ampere>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{A ampere amperes amp amps}
+  unit.kind      = :current
+end
+
+Unit.define("radian") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<radian>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{rad radian radians}
+  unit.kind      = :angle
+end
+
+Unit.define("kelvin") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<kelvin>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{degK kelvin}
+  unit.kind      = :temperature
+end
+
+Unit.define("tempK") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<tempK>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{tempK}
+  unit.kind      = :temperature
+end
+
+Unit.define("byte") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<byte>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{B byte bytes}
+  unit.kind      = :memory
+end
+
+Unit.define("dollar") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<dollar>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{USD dollar}
+  unit.kind      = :currency
+end
+
+Unit.define("candela") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<candela>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{cd candela}
+  unit.kind      = :luminosity
+end
+
+Unit.define("each") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<each>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{each}
+  unit.kind      = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define("steradian") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<steradian>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{sr steradian steradians}
+  unit.kind      = :solid_angle
+end
+
+Unit.define("decibel") do |unit|
+  unit.scalar    = 1
+  unit.numerator = %w{<decibel>}
+  unit.aliases   = %w{dB decibel decibels}
+  unit.kind      = :logarithmic
+end
+
+
+

data/lib/ruby_units/unit_definitions/prefix.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+
+{
+  'googol' => [%w{googol},            1e100],
+  'yebi'   => [%w{Yi Yebi yebi},      2**80],
+  'zebi'   => [%w{Zi Zebi zebi},      2**70],
+  'exi'    => [%w{Ei Exi exi},        2**60],
+  'pebi'   => [%w{Pi Pebi pebi},      2**50],
+  'tebi'   => [%w{Ti Tebi tebi},      2**40],
+  'gibi'   => [%w{Gi Gibi gibi},      2**30],
+  'mebi'   => [%w{Mi Mebi mebi},      2**20],
+  'kibi'   => [%w{Ki Kibi kibi},      2**10],
+  'yotta'  => [%w{Y Yotta yotta},     1e24],
+  'zetta'  => [%w{Z Zetta zetta},     1e21],
+  'exa'    => [%w{E Exa exa},         1e18],
+  'peta'   => [%w{P Peta peta},       1e15],
+  'tera'   => [%w{T Tera tera},       1e12],
+  'giga'   => [%w{G Giga giga},       1e9],
+  'mega'   => [%w{M Mega mega},       1e6],
+  'kilo'   => [%w{k kilo},            1e3],
+  'hecto'  => [%w{h Hecto hecto},     1e2],
+  'deca'   => [%w{da Deca deca deka}, 1e1],
+  '1'      => [%w{1},                 1],
+  'deci'   => [%w{d Deci deci},       Rational(1,1e1)],
+  'centi'  => [%w{c Centi centi},     Rational(1,1e2)],
+  'milli'  => [%w{m Milli milli},     Rational(1,1e3)],
+  'micro'  => [%w{u Micro micro},     Rational(1,1e6)],
+  'nano'   => [%w{n Nano nano},       Rational(1,1e9)],
+  'pico'   => [%w{p Pico pico},       Rational(1,1e12)],
+  'femto'  => [%w{f Femto femto},     Rational(1,1e15)],
+  'atto'   => [%w{a Atto atto},       Rational(1,1e18)],
+  'zepto'  => [%w{z Zepto zepto},     Rational(1,1e21)],
+  'yocto'  => [%w{y Yocto yocto},     Rational(1,1e24)]
+}.each do |name, definition|
+  Unit.define(name) do |unit|
+    aliases, scalar = definition
+    unit.aliases    = aliases
+    unit.scalar     = scalar
+    unit.kind       = :prefix
+  end
+end

data/lib/ruby_units/unit_definitions/standard.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,705 @@
+# length units
+
+Unit.define('inch') do |inch|
+  inch.definition = Unit('254/10000 meter')
+  inch.aliases    = %w{in inch inches "}
+end
+
+Unit.define('foot') do |foot|
+  foot.definition = Unit('12 inches')
+  foot.aliases    = %w{ft foot feet '}
+end
+
+Unit.define('survey-foot') do |sft|
+  sft.definition = Unit('1200/3937 meter')
+  sft.aliases    = %w{sft sfoot sfeet}
+end
+
+Unit.define('yard') do |yard|
+  yard.definition = Unit('3 ft')
+  yard.aliases    = %w{yd yard yards}
+end
+
+Unit.define('mile') do |mile|
+  mile.definition = Unit('5280 ft')
+  mile.aliases    = %w{mi mile miles}
+end
+
+Unit.define('naut-mile') do |naut|
+  naut.definition = Unit('1852 m')
+  naut.aliases    = %w{nmi M NM}
+end
+
+# on land
+Unit.define('league') do |league|
+  league.definition = Unit('3 miles')
+  league.aliases    = %w{league leagues}
+end
+
+# at sea
+Unit.define('naut-league') do |naut_league|
+  naut_league.definition = Unit('3 nmi')
+  naut_league.aliases    = %w{nleague nleagues}
+end
+
+Unit.define('furlong') do |furlong|
+  furlong.definition = Unit('1/8 mile')
+  furlong.aliases    = %w{fur furlong furlongs}
+end
+
+Unit.define('rod') do |rod|
+  rod.definition  = Unit('33/2 feet')
+  rod.aliases     = %w{rd rod rods}
+end
+
+Unit.define('fathom') do |fathom|
+  fathom.definition = Unit('6 ft')
+  fathom.aliases    = %w{fathom fathoms}
+end
+
+Unit.define('mil') do |mil|
+  mil.definition = Unit('1/1000 inch')
+  mil.aliases    = %w{mil mils}
+end
+
+Unit.define('angstrom') do |ang|
+  ang.definition = Unit('1/10 nm')
+  ang.aliases    = %w{ang angstrom angstroms}
+end
+
+# typesetting
+
+Unit.define('point') do |point|
+  point.definition = Unit('1/72 ft')
+  point.aliases    = %w{pt point points}
+end
+
+Unit.define('pica') do |pica|
+  pica.definition = Unit('12 pt')
+  pica.aliases    = %w{P pica picas}
+end
+
+Unit.define('dot') do |dot|
+  dot.definition  = Unit('1 each')
+  dot.aliases     = %w{dot dots}
+  dot.kind        = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('pixel') do |pixel|
+  pixel.definition  = Unit('1 each')
+  pixel.aliases     = %w{px pixel pixels}
+  pixel.kind        = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('ppi') do |ppi|
+  ppi.definition  = Unit('1 pixel/inch')
+end
+
+Unit.define('dpi') do |dpi|
+  dpi.definition  = Unit('1 dot/inch')
+end
+
+# Mass
+
+avagadro_constant = Unit('6.02214129e23 1/mol')
+
+Unit.define('AMU') do |amu|
+  amu.definition = Unit('12 kg/mol') / (12 * avagadro_constant)
+  amu.aliases    = %w{u AMU amu}
+end
+
+Unit.define('dalton') do |dalton|
+  dalton.definition = Unit('1 amu')
+  dalton.aliases    = %w{Da dalton daltons}
+end
+
+standard_gravitation = Unit('9.80665 m/s^2')
+
+Unit.define('metric-ton') do |mton|
+  mton.definition = Unit('1000 kg')
+  mton.aliases    = %w{tonne}
+end
+
+# defined as a rational number to preserve accuracy and minimize round-off errors during
+# calculations
+Unit.define('pound') do |pound|
+  pound.definition = Unit(Rational(45359237,1e8), 'kg')
+  pound.aliases    = %w{lbs lb lbm pound-mass pound pounds #}
+end
+
+Unit.define('ounce') do |ounce|
+  ounce.definition = Unit('1/16 lbs')
+  ounce.aliases    = %w{oz ounce ounces}
+end
+
+Unit.define('gram') do |gram|
+  gram.definition = Unit('1/1000 kg')
+  gram.aliases    = %w{g gram grams gramme grammes}
+end
+
+Unit.define('short-ton') do |ton|
+  ton.definition = Unit('2000 lbs')
+  ton.aliases    = %w{ton tn}
+end
+
+Unit.define('carat') do |carat|
+  carat.definition = Unit('1/5000 kg')
+  carat.aliases    = %w{ct carat carats}
+end
+
+# time
+
+Unit.define('minute') do |min|
+  min.definition = Unit('60 seconds')
+  min.aliases    = %w{min minute minutes}
+end
+
+Unit.define('hour') do |hour|
+  hour.definition = Unit('60 minutes')
+  hour.aliases    = %w{h hr hrs hour hours}
+end
+
+Unit.define('day') do |day|
+  day.definition  = Unit('24 hours')
+  day.aliases     = %w{d day days}
+end
+
+Unit.define('week') do |week|
+  week.definition   = Unit('7 days')
+  week.aliases      = %w{wk week weeks}
+end
+
+Unit.define('fortnight') do |fortnight|
+  fortnight.definition  = Unit('2 weeks')
+  fortnight.aliases     = %w{fortnight fortnights}
+end
+
+Unit.define('year') do |year|
+  year.definition = Unit('31556926 seconds') # works out to 365.24219907407405 days
+  year.aliases    = %w{y yr year years annum}
+end
+
+Unit.define('decade') do |decade|
+  decade.definition = Unit('10 years')
+  decade.aliases    = %w{decade decades}
+end
+
+Unit.define('century') do |century|
+  century.definition  = Unit('100 years')
+  century.aliases     = %w{century centuries}
+end
+
+# area
+
+Unit.define('hectare') do |hectare|
+  hectare.definition = Unit('10000 m^2')
+end
+
+Unit.define('acre') do |acre|
+  acre.definition = Unit('1 mi')**2 / 640
+  acre.aliases    = %w{acre acres}
+end
+
+Unit.define('sqft') do |sqft|
+  sqft.definition = Unit('1 ft^2')
+end
+
+Unit.define('sqin') do |sqin|
+  sqin.definition = Unit('1 in^2')
+end
+
+# volume
+
+Unit.define('liter') do |liter|
+  liter.definition = Unit('1/1000 m^3')
+  liter.aliases    = %w{l L liter liters litre litres}
+end
+
+Unit.define('gallon') do |gallon|
+  gallon.definition = Unit('231 in^3')
+  gallon.aliases    = %w{gal gallon gallons}
+end
+
+Unit.define('quart') do |quart|
+  quart.definition  = Unit('1/4 gal')
+  quart.aliases     = %w{qt quart quarts}
+end
+
+Unit.define('pint') do |pint|
+  pint.definition = Unit('1/8 gal')
+  pint.aliases    = %w{pt pint pints}
+end
+
+Unit.define('cup') do |cup|
+  cup.definition = Unit('1/16 gal')
+  cup.aliases    = %w{cu cup cups}
+end
+
+Unit.define('fluid-ounce') do |floz|
+  floz.definition = Unit('1/128 gal')
+  floz.aliases    = %w{floz fluid-ounce}
+end
+
+Unit.define('tablespoon') do |tbsp|
+  tbsp.definition = Unit('1/2 floz')
+  tbsp.aliases    = %w{tbs tbsp tablespoon tablespoons}
+end
+
+Unit.define('teaspoon') do |tsp|
+  tsp.definition = Unit('1/3 tablespoon')
+  tsp.aliases    = %w{tsp teaspoon teaspoons}
+end
+
+# volumetric flow
+
+Unit.define('cfm') do |cfm|
+  cfm.definition = Unit('1 ft^3/minute')
+  cfm.aliases    = %w{cfm CFM CFPM}
+end
+
+# speed
+
+Unit.define('kph') do |kph|
+  kph.definition  = Unit('1 kilometer/hour')
+end
+
+Unit.define('mph') do |mph|
+  mph.definition  = Unit('1 mile/hour')
+end
+
+Unit.define('fps') do |fps|
+  fps.definition  = Unit('1 foot/second')
+end
+
+Unit.define('knot') do |knot|
+  knot.definition   = Unit('1 nmi/hour')
+  knot.aliases      = %w{kt kn kts knot knots}
+end
+
+Unit.define('gee') do |gee|
+  # approximated as a rational number to minimize round-off errors
+  gee.definition    = Unit(Rational(196131,20000), 'm/s^2') # equivalent to 9.80655 m/s^2
+  gee.aliases       = %w{gee standard-gravitation}
+end
+
+# temperature differences
+
+Unit.define('newton') do |newton|
+  newton.definition = Unit('1 kg*m/s^2')
+  newton.aliases    = %w{N newton newtons}
+end
+
+Unit.define('dyne') do |dyne|
+  dyne.definition = Unit('1/100000 N')
+  dyne.aliases    = %w{dyn dyne}
+end
+
+Unit.define('pound-force') do |lbf|
+  lbf.definition  = Unit('1 lb') * Unit('1 gee')
+  lbf.aliases     = %w{lbf pound-force}
+end
+
+Unit.define('poundal') do |poundal|
+  poundal.definition  = Unit('1 lb') * Unit('1 ft/s^2')
+  poundal.aliases     = %w{pdl poundal poundals}
+end
+
+temp_convert_factor = Rational(2501999792983609,4503599627370496) # approximates 1/1.8
+
+Unit.define('celsius') do |celsius|
+  celsius.definition  = Unit('1 degK')
+  celsius.aliases     = %w{degC celsius centigrade}
+end
+
+Unit.define('fahrenheit') do |fahrenheit|
+  fahrenheit.definition = Unit(temp_convert_factor, 'degK')  
+  fahrenheit.aliases    = %w{degF fahrenheit}
+end
+
+Unit.define('rankine') do |rankine|
+  rankine.definition  = Unit('1 degF')
+  rankine.aliases     = %w{degR rankine}
+end
+
+Unit.define('tempC') do |tempC|
+  tempC.definition  = Unit('1 tempK')
+end
+
+Unit.define('tempF') do |tempF|
+  tempF.definition  = Unit(temp_convert_factor, 'tempK')
+end
+
+Unit.define('tempR') do |tempR|
+  tempR.definition  = Unit('1 tempF')
+end
+
+# astronomy
+
+speed_of_light = Unit('299792458 m/s')
+
+Unit.define('light-second') do |ls|
+  ls.definition = Unit('1 s') * speed_of_light
+  ls.aliases    = %w{ls lsec light-second}
+end
+
+Unit.define('light-minute') do |lmin|
+  lmin.definition = Unit('1 min') * speed_of_light
+  lmin.aliases    = %w{lmin light-minute}
+end
+
+Unit.define('light-year') do |ly|
+  ly.definition = Unit('1 y') * speed_of_light
+  ly.aliases    = %w{ly light-year}
+end
+
+Unit.define('parsec') do |parsec|
+  parsec.definition = Unit('3.26163626 ly')
+  parsec.aliases    = %w{pc parsec parsecs}
+end
+
+# once was '149597900000 m' but there appears to be a more accurate estimate according to wikipedia
+# see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astronomical_unit
+Unit.define('AU') do |au|
+  au.definition = Unit('149597870700 m')
+  au.aliases    = %w{AU astronomical-unit}
+end
+
+Unit.define('redshift') do |red|
+  red.definition = Unit('1.302773e26 m')
+  red.aliases    = %w{z red-shift}
+end
+
+# mass
+
+Unit.define('slug') do |slug|
+  slug.definition = Unit('1 lbf*s^2/ft')
+  slug.aliases    = %w{slug slugs} 
+end
+
+# pressure
+
+Unit.define('pascal') do |pascal|
+  pascal.definition = Unit('1 kg/m*s^2')
+  pascal.aliases    = %w{Pa pascal pascals}
+end
+
+Unit.define('bar') do |bar|
+  bar.definition  = Unit('100 kPa')
+  bar.aliases     = %w{bar bars}
+end
+
+Unit.define('atm') do |atm|
+  atm.definition  = Unit('101325 Pa')
+  atm.aliases     = %w{atm ATM atmosphere atmospheres}
+end
+
+Unit.define('mmHg') do |mmhg|
+  density_of_mercury  = Unit('7653360911758079/562949953421312 g/cm^3') # 13.5951 g/cm^3 at 0 tempC
+  mmhg.definition     = Unit('1 mm') * Unit('1 gee') * density_of_mercury
+end
+
+Unit.define('inHg') do |inhg|
+  density_of_mercury = Unit('7653360911758079/562949953421312 g/cm^3') # 13.5951 g/cm^3 at 0 tempC
+  inhg.definition    = Unit('1 in') * Unit('1 gee') * density_of_mercury
+end
+
+Unit.define('torr') do |torr|
+  torr.definition = Unit('1/760 atm')
+  torr.aliases    = %w{Torr torr}
+end
+
+Unit.define('psi') do |psi|
+  psi.definition  = Unit('1 lbf/in^2')
+end
+
+Unit.define('cmh2o') do |cmh2o|
+  density_of_water  = Unit('1 g/cm^3') # at 4 tempC
+  cmh2o.definition  = Unit('1 cm') * Unit('1 gee') * density_of_water
+  cmh2o.aliases     = %w{cmH2O cmh2o cmAq}
+end
+
+Unit.define('inh2o') do |inh2o|
+  density_of_water  = Unit('1 g/cm^3') # at 4 tempC
+  inh2o.definition  = Unit('1 in') * Unit('1 gee') * density_of_water
+  inh2o.aliases     = %w{inH2O inh2o inAq}  
+end
+
+#viscosity
+
+Unit.define('poise') do |poise|
+  poise.definition  = Unit('dPa*s')
+  poise.aliases     = %w{P poise}
+end
+
+Unit.define('stokes') do |stokes|
+  stokes.definition = Unit('1 cm^2/s')
+  stokes.aliases    = %w{St stokes}
+end
+
+# #energy
+
+Unit.define('joule') do |joule|
+  joule.definition  = Unit('1 N*m')
+  joule.aliases     = %w{J joule joules}
+end
+
+Unit.define('erg') do |erg|
+  erg.definition  = Unit('1 g*cm^2/s^2')
+  erg.aliases     = %w{erg ergs}
+end
+
+#power
+
+Unit.define('watt') do |watt|
+  watt.definition = Unit('1 N*m/s')
+  watt.aliases    = %w{W Watt watt watts}
+end
+
+Unit.define('horsepower') do |hp|
+  hp.definition = Unit('33000 ft*lbf/min')
+  hp.aliases    = %w{hp horsepower}
+end
+
+# energy
+Unit.define('btu') do |btu|
+  btu.definition  = Unit('2320092679909671/2199023255552 J') # 1055.056 J  --- ISO standard
+  btu.aliases     = %w{Btu btu Btus btus}
+end
+
+Unit.define('therm') do |therm|
+  therm.definition  = Unit('100 kBtu')
+  therm.aliases     = %w{thm therm therms Therm}
+end
+
+# "small" calorie
+Unit.define('calorie') do |calorie|
+  calorie.definition  = Unit('4.184 J')
+  calorie.aliases     = %w{cal calorie calories}
+end
+
+# "big" calorie
+Unit.define('Calorie') do |calorie|
+  calorie.definition  = Unit('1 kcal')
+  calorie.aliases     = %w{Cal Calorie Calories}
+end
+
+Unit.define('molar') do |molar|
+  molar.definition  = Unit('1 mole/l')
+  molar.aliases     = %w{M molar}
+end
+
+# potential
+Unit.define('volt') do |volt|
+  volt.definition = Unit('1 W/A')
+  volt.aliases    = %w{V volt volts}
+end
+
+# capacitance
+Unit.define('farad') do |farad|
+  farad.definition  = Unit('1 A*s/V')
+  farad.aliases     = %w{F farad farads}
+end
+
+# charge
+Unit.define('coulomb') do |coulomb|
+  coulomb.definition  = Unit('1 A*s')
+  coulomb.aliases     = %w{C coulomb coulombs}
+end
+
+# conductance
+Unit.define('siemens') do |siemens|
+  siemens.definition  = Unit('1 A/V')
+  siemens.aliases     = %w{S siemens}
+end
+
+# inductance
+Unit.define('henry') do |henry|
+  henry.definition  = Unit('1 J/A^2')
+  henry.aliases     = %w{H henry henries}
+end
+
+# resistance
+Unit.define('ohm') do |ohm|
+  ohm.definition  = Unit('1 V/A')
+  ohm.aliases     = %w{Ohm ohm ohms}
+end
+
+# magnetism 
+
+Unit.define('weber') do |weber|
+  weber.definition  = Unit('1 V*s')
+  weber.aliases     = %w{Wb weber webers}
+end
+
+Unit.define('tesla') do |tesla|
+  tesla.definition  = Unit('1 V*s/m^2')
+  tesla.aliases     = %w{T tesla teslas}
+end
+
+Unit.define('gauss') do |gauss|
+  gauss.definition  = Unit('100 microT')
+  gauss.aliases     = %w{G gauss}
+end
+
+Unit.define('maxwell') do |maxwell|
+  maxwell.definition  = Unit('1 gauss*cm^2')
+  maxwell.aliases     = %w{Mx maxwell maxwells}
+end
+
+Unit.define('oersted') do |oersted|
+  oersted.definition  = Unit(250.0/Math::PI, 'A/m')
+  oersted.aliases     = %w{Oe oersted oersteds}
+end
+
+#activity
+Unit.define('katal') do |katal|
+  katal.definition  = Unit('1 mole/sec')
+  katal.aliases     = %w{kat katal}
+end
+
+Unit.define('unit') do |unit|
+  unit.definition   = Unit('1/60 microkatal')
+  unit.aliases      = %w{U enzUnit}
+end
+
+#frequency
+
+Unit.define('hertz') do |hz|
+  hz.definition   = Unit('1 1/s')
+  hz.aliases      = %w{Hz hertz}
+end
+
+#angle
+Unit.define('degree') do |deg|
+  deg.definition    = Unit(Math::PI / 180.0, 'radian')
+  deg.aliases       = %w{deg degree degrees}
+end
+
+Unit.define('grad') do |grad|
+  grad.definition   = Unit(Math::PI / 200.0, 'radian')
+  grad.aliases      = %w{grad gradian grads}
+end
+
+#rotation
+Unit.define('rotation') do |rotation|
+  rotation.definition = Unit(2.0*Math::PI, 'radian')
+end
+
+Unit.define('rpm') do |rpm|
+  rpm.definition  = Unit('1 rotation/min')
+end
+
+#memory
+Unit.define('bit') do |bit|
+  bit.definition  = Unit('1/8 byte')
+  bit.aliases     = %w{b bit}
+end
+
+#currency
+Unit.define('cents') do |cents|
+  cents.definition  = Unit('1/100 dollar')
+end
+
+#luminosity
+Unit.define('lumen') do |lumen|
+  lumen.definition  = Unit('1 cd*steradian')
+  lumen.aliases     = %w{lm lumen}
+end
+
+Unit.define('lux') do |lux|
+  lux.definition  = Unit('1 lumen/m^2')
+end
+
+#radiation
+Unit.define('gray') do |gray|
+  gray.definition = Unit('1 J/kg')
+  gray.aliases    = %w{Gy gray grays}
+end
+
+Unit.define('roentgen') do |roentgen|
+  roentgen.definition = Unit('2.58e-4 C/kg')
+  roentgen.aliases    = %w{R roentgen}
+end
+
+Unit.define('sievert') do |sievert|
+  sievert.definition  = Unit('1 J/kg')
+  sievert.aliases     = %w{Sv sievert sieverts}
+end
+
+Unit.define('becquerel') do |becquerel|
+  becquerel.definition  = Unit('1 1/s')
+  becquerel.aliases     = %w{Bq becquerel becquerels}
+end
+
+Unit.define('curie') do |curie|
+  curie.definition  = Unit('37 GBq')
+  curie.aliases     = %w{Ci curie curies}
+end
+
+Unit.define('count') do |count|
+  count.definition  = Unit('1 each')
+  count.kind        = :counting
+end
+
+# rate
+Unit.define('cpm') do |cpm|
+  cpm.definition  = Unit('1 count/min')
+end
+
+Unit.define('dpm') do |dpm|
+  dpm.definition  = Unit('1 count/min')
+end
+
+Unit.define('bpm') do |bpm|
+  bpm.definition  = Unit('1 count/min')
+end
+
+# misc
+Unit.define('dozen') do |dozen|
+  dozen.definition  = Unit('12 each')
+  dozen.aliases     = %w{doz dz dozen}
+  dozen.kind       = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('gross') do |gross|
+  gross.definition  = Unit('12 dozen')
+  gross.aliases     = %w{gr gross}
+  gross.kind       = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('cell') do |cell|
+  cell.definition   = Unit('1 each')
+  cell.aliases      = %w{cells cell}
+  cell.kind         = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('base-pair') do |bp|
+  bp.definition   = Unit('1 each')
+  bp.aliases      = %w{bp base-pair}
+  bp.kind         = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('nucleotide') do |nt|
+  nt.definition   = Unit('1 each')
+  nt.aliases      = %w{nt}
+  nt.kind         = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('molecule') do |molecule|
+  molecule.definition   = Unit('1 each')
+  molecule.aliases      = %w{molecule molecules}
+  molecule.kind         = :counting
+end
+
+Unit.define('percent') do |percent|
+  percent.definition  = Unit('1/100')
+  percent.aliases     = %w{% percent}
+end
+
+Unit.define('ppm') do |ppm|
+  ppm.definition  = Unit(1) / 1_000_000
+end
+
+Unit.define('ppb') do |ppb|
+  ppb.definition  = Unit(1) / 1_000_000_000
+end