rtm 0.2.0 → 0.2.1

data/spec/rtm/tmapi/core/occurrence_spec.rb

@@ -15,82 +15,39 @@ module RTM::Occurrence
 
     describe "#parent" do
       it "should give back the Topic the Occurrence belongs to" do
-        topic = @tm.create_topic_by("Haus")
+        topic = @tm.create_topic_by("House")
         topic.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
-        @tm.get("Haus").should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
-        testocc = topic.create_occurrence("Hausnummer", "1")
+        @tm.get("House").should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
+        testocc = topic.create_occurrence("street number", "1")
         testocc.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Occurrence
         testocc.parent.should == topic
       end
     end
 
-    describe "#value=" do
-      before(:each) do
-        @topic = @tm.create_topic_by("Haus")
-      end
-      it "should set an IRI value and the datatype to xsd:AnyURI if arguement is a Locator" do
-        occ= @topic.create_occurrence("Hausnummer", "1")
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
-        occ.value=(@tm.create_locator("http://www.haus.de"))
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
-        occ.value.should include "http://www.haus.de" # since we dont know if not */ as in case of ontopia
-      end
-      it "should set an String value and the datatype to xsd:String if arguement is a String" do
-        occ= @topic.create_occurrence("Webseite", @tm.create_locator("http://www.haus.de"))
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
-        occ.value=("1")
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
-        occ.value.should == "1"
-      end
-      it "should set a Float value and the datatype to xsd:Float if arguement is a Float" do
-        occ= @topic.create_occurrence("Webseite", @tm.create_locator("http://www.haus.de"))
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
-        0.5.class.should == Float
-        occ.value=(0.5)
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
-        occ.value.should == "0.5"
-      end
-      it "should set a Fixnum value and the datatype to xsd:long if arguement is a Fixnum" do
-        occ= @topic.create_occurrence("Webseite", @tm.create_locator("http://www.haus.de"))
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
-        1.class.should == Fixnum
-        occ.value=(1)
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
-        occ.value.should == "1"
-      end
-      it "should set a Bignum value and the datatype to xsd:integer if arguement is a Bignum" do
-        occ= @topic.create_occurrence("Webseite", @tm.create_locator("http://www.haus.de"))
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
-        9999999999999999999.class.should == Bignum
-        occ.value=(9999999999999999999)
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
-        occ.value.should == "9999999999999999999"
-      end
-    end
   end # of describe self
 
   describe self do
-      describe "#remove" do
-        before(:each) do
-          @tm = get_used_tm_sys_tm
-          @topic1 = @tm.get!("topic1")
-          @topic2 = @tm.get!("topic2")
-          @occ = @topic1.create_occurrence("birthyear","2000")
-          @topic2.create_occurrence("birthyear","1980")
-          @topic1.should have(1).occurrences
-          @topic1.occurrences.should include @occ
-        end
-        after(:each) do
-          @tm.close
-        end
-        it "should remove this name from the container (topic)" do
-          @tm.literal_index.getOccurrences("2000").size.should == 1
-          @occ.remove
-          @tm.literal_index.getOccurrences("2000").size.should == 0
-          @tm.literal_index.getOccurrences("1980").size.should == 1
-          @topic1.should have(0).occurrences
-        end
+    describe "#remove" do
+      before(:each) do
+        @tm = get_used_tm_sys_tm
+        @topic1 = @tm.get!("topic1")
+        @topic2 = @tm.get!("topic2")
+        @occ = @topic1.create_occurrence("birthyear","2000")
+        @topic2.create_occurrence("birthyear","1980")
+        @topic1.should have(1).occurrences
+        @topic1.occurrences.should include @occ
+      end
+      after(:each) do
+        @tm.close
+      end
+      it "should remove this name from the container (topic)" do
+        @tm.literal_index.getOccurrences("2000").size.should == 1
+        @occ.remove
+        @tm.literal_index.getOccurrences("2000").size.should == 0
+        @tm.literal_index.getOccurrences("1980").size.should == 1
+        @topic1.should have(0).occurrences
       end
-    end # of describe self
+    end
+  end # of describe self
 
 end # of module

data/spec/rtm/tmapi/core/reifiable_spec.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ module RTM::Reifiable
   describe self do
     before(:each) do
       @tm = get_used_tm_sys_tm
-      @topic = @tm.get!("test_topic")
     end
     after(:each) do
       @tm.close
@@ -15,6 +14,7 @@ module RTM::Reifiable
     
     describe "#reifier=" do
       before(:each) do
+        @topic = @tm.get!("test_topic")
         @a_reifier = @tm.get!("test_reifier")
         @a_reifier.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
         @a_reifier["-"] = "since"
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ module RTM::Reifiable
         lambda{@occ.reifier = "test_reifier"}.should raise_error
       end
     end
-    
+
     describe "merging of two reifier" do
       it "should merge two reifier if their reified constructs are merged" do
         topic = @tm.get!("Hans_Peter")

data/spec/rtm/tmapi/core/scoped_spec.rb

@@ -289,12 +289,22 @@ module RTM::Scoped
         @variant.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Variant
         ###
         @variant.should have(3).themes
-        @variant.scope.should include @tm.get("home"), @tm.get("mom"), @tm.get("endearment")
+        @variant.scope.should include(@tm.get("home"), @tm.get("mom"), @tm.get("endearment"))
         @variant.remove_theme("endearment")
         @variant.should have(2).themes
         @variant.scope.should include @tm.get("home"), @tm.get("mom")
         @variant.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Variant
       end
+      it "should not remove a theme from the scope of an Variant is removed that occurrs in the scope of its parent Name also" do
+        @variant.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Variant
+        ###
+        @variant.should have(3).themes
+        @variant.scope.should include(@tm.get("home"), @tm.get("mom"), @tm.get("endearment"))
+        @variant.remove_theme("home")
+        @variant.should have(3).themes
+        @variant.scope.should include(@tm.get("home"), @tm.get("mom"), @tm.get("endearment"))
+        @variant.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Variant
+      end
       it "should remove a Topic from the scope of an Association" do
         @assoc.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Association
         ###
@@ -353,13 +363,41 @@ module RTM::Scoped
         @name2.should have(1).themes
         @name2.remove_theme("non_existing")
       end
+      it "should remove a theme that occurs in a variant also (given a Topic)" do
+        @name2 = @topic.create_name("first", "Hansi", ["home"])
+        @variant2 = @name2.create_variant("Bubi",["home","endearment"])
+        @name2.should have(1).themes
+        @name2.themes.should include(@tm.get("home"))
+        @variant2.should have(2).themes
+        @variant2.themes.should include(@tm.get("home"), @tm.get("endearment"))
+        @name2.remove_theme(@tm.get("home"))
+        @name2.should have(0).themes
+        if implementation_for_spec == :tinytim
+          @variant2.should have(2).themes
+        elsif implementation_for_spec == :ontopia
+          @variant2.should have(1).themes
+        else
+          ### ???
+          @variant2.should have(2).themes
+        end
+      end
       it "should remove a theme that occurs in a variant also" do
         @name2 = @topic.create_name("first", "Hansi", ["home"])
         @variant2 = @name2.create_variant("Bubi",["home","endearment"])
         @name2.should have(1).themes
+        @name2.themes.should include(@tm.get("home"))
+        @variant2.should have(2).themes
+        @variant2.themes.should include(@tm.get("home"), @tm.get("endearment"))
         @name2.remove_theme("home")
         @name2.should have(0).themes
-        @variant2.should have(2).themes
+        if implementation_for_spec == :tinytim
+          @variant2.should have(2).themes
+        elsif implementation_for_spec == :ontopia
+          @variant2.should have(1).themes
+        else
+          ### ???
+          @variant2.should have(2).themes
+        end
       end
       it "should remove several themes if several arguments are given" do
         @name2 = @topic.create_name("first", "Hansi", ["home","endearment","mom"])

data/spec/rtm/tmapi/core/topic_map_spec.rb

@@ -48,24 +48,24 @@ module RTM::TopicMap
 
     describe "#add_prefix" do
       it "should raise an error if the identifier or reference are not Strings" do
-        lambda{@tm.add_prefix(1,"www.test.de")}.should raise_error
+        lambda{@tm.add_prefix(1,"www.example.org")}.should raise_error
         lambda{@tm.add_prefix("a",2)}.should raise_error
       end
       it "should be allowed to set a prefix" do
         @tm.prefixes.should be_empty
-        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.qnametest.com")
+        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.example.org")
         @tm.prefixes.size.should == 1
-        @tm.prefixes["a"].should == "www.qnametest.com"
+        @tm.prefixes["a"].should == "www.example.org"
       end
       it "should replace the reference if prefix already exists" do
-        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.qnametest.com")
-        @tm.prefixes["a"].should == "www.qnametest.com"
-        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.test.de")
-        @tm.prefixes["a"].should == "www.test.de"
+        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.example.com")
+        @tm.prefixes["a"].should == "www.example.com"
+        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.example.org")
+        @tm.prefixes["a"].should == "www.example.org"
       end
       it "should give back the prefixes-Hash" do
-        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.qnametest.com").should == @tm.prefixes
-        @tm.add_prefix("g","www.qnametest2.com").should == @tm.prefixes
+        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.example.com").should == @tm.prefixes
+        @tm.add_prefix("g","www.example.org").should == @tm.prefixes
       end
       #      it "should warn if identifier equals sl, si or ii" do
       #        lambda{@tm.add_prefix("sl","test")}.should ?
@@ -76,9 +76,9 @@ module RTM::TopicMap
     
     describe "#delete_prefix" do
       before(:each) do
-        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.qnametest.com/a/")
-        @tm.add_prefix("b","www.qnametest.com/b/")
-        @tm.add_prefix("c","www.qnametest.com/c/")
+        @tm.add_prefix("a","www.example.org/a/")
+        @tm.add_prefix("b","www.example.org/b/")
+        @tm.add_prefix("c","www.example.org/c/")
       end
       it "should delete the right prefix" do
         @tm.prefixes.length.should == 3
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ module RTM::TopicMap
       end
       it "should delete the right prefix if the reference is given" do
         @tm.prefixes.length.should == 3
-        @tm.delete_prefix("a","www.qnametest.com/a/").size.should == 2
+        @tm.delete_prefix("a","www.example.org/a/").size.should == 2
         @tm.find_prefix(:identifier => "a").should be_empty
         @tm.find_prefix(:identifier => "b").should_not be_empty
         @tm.find_prefix(:identifier => "c").should_not be_empty
@@ -273,12 +273,19 @@ module RTM::TopicMap
         @tm.get(array).size.should == array.size
         @tm.get(array).should == array.map{|i| @tm.get(i)}
       end
+      it "should give back a Multiarray of Topics and nils if argument is a Multiarray of identifiers and nils" do
+        array = [["si","","=sl","",nil,"something"],"^ii",@tm.create_locator("blub")]
+        @tm.get(array).size.should == array.size
+        @tm.get(array)[0].should == @tm.get(["si","","=sl","",nil,"something"])
+        @tm.get(array)[1].should == @tm.get("^ii")
+        @tm.get(array)[2].should == @tm.get(@tm.create_locator("blub"))
+      end
       it "should handle identifier which are qnames (get)" do
-        @tm.add_prefix("x","http://www.test.de/x/")
-        @tm.add_prefix("y","http://www.test.de/y/")
-        topic = @tm.create_topic_by_subject_identifier("http://www.test.de/x/something")
+        @tm.add_prefix("x","http://www.example.org/x/")
+        @tm.add_prefix("y","http://www.example.org/y/")
+        topic = @tm.create_topic_by_subject_identifier("http://www.example.org/x/something")
         @tm.get("x:something").should == topic
-        topic2 = @tm.create_topic_by_item_identifier("http://www.test.de/y/something")
+        topic2 = @tm.create_topic_by_item_identifier("http://www.example.org/y/something")
         @tm.get("ii:y:something").should == topic2
       end
     end
@@ -301,33 +308,33 @@ module RTM::TopicMap
         @tm.get!(topic).should == topic
       end
       it "should give back a Topic if argument is a Locator and the Topic defined by the Locator (si) already exists" do
-        locator = @tm.create_locator("http://www.uni-leipzig.de")
+        locator = @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig")
         locator.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Locator
         topic = @tm.create_topic_by_subject_identifier(locator)
         topic.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
         @tm.get!(locator).should == topic
       end
       it "should give back a Topic if argument is a Locator and the Topic defined by the Locator (ii) already exists" do
-        locator = @tm.create_locator("http://www.uni-leipzig.de")
+        locator = @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig")
         locator.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Locator
         topic = @tm.create_topic_by_item_identifier(locator)
         topic.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
         @tm.get!(locator).should == topic
       end
       it "should give back a Topic if argument is a String(absolute IRI,si) and the Topic defined by the String already exists" do
-        string = "http://www.uni-leipzig.de/"
+        string = "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
         topic = @tm.create_topic_by_subject_identifier(@tm.create_locator(string))
         @tm.get!(string).should == topic
         @tm.get!("si:" + string).should == topic
       end
       it "should give back a Topic if argument is a String(absolute IRI,sl) and the Topic defined by the String already exists" do
-        string = "http://www.uni-leipzig.de/"
+        string = "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
         topic = @tm.create_topic_by_subject_locator(@tm.create_locator(string))
         @tm.get!("sl:" + string).should == topic
         @tm.get!("=" + string).should == topic
       end
       it "should give back a Topic if argument is a String(absolute IRI,ii) and the Topic defined by the String already exists" do
-        string = "http://www.uni-leipzig.de/"
+        string = "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
         topic = @tm.create_topic_by_item_identifier(@tm.create_locator(string))
         @tm.get!("ii:" + string).should == topic
         @tm.get!("^" + string).should == topic
@@ -463,24 +470,29 @@ module RTM::TopicMap
       it "should allow to create/get several Topics wheras some already exist and others not" do 
         array = ["dummy_si",@tm.create_locator("something"),"sl:Hans"]
         @tm.get!(array).size.should == array.size
-        #TODO
-        #@tm.get!("")
         @tm.get!(array).should == array.map{|i| @tm.get!(i)}
       end
-      it "should handle identifier which are qnames (get!)" do
-        @tm.add_prefix("x","http://www.test.de/x/")
-        @tm.add_prefix("y","http://www.test.de/y/")
+      it "should give back a Multiarray of Topics if argument is a Multiarray of identifiers and nils" do
+        array = [["si","","=sl","",nil,"something"],"^ii",@tm.create_locator("blub")]
+        @tm.get!(array).size.should == array.size
+        @tm.get!(array)[0].should == @tm.get!(["si","","=sl","",nil,"something"])
+        @tm.get!(array)[1].should == @tm.get!("^ii")
+        @tm.get!(array)[2].should == @tm.get!(@tm.create_locator("blub"))
+      end
+      it "should handle identifier which are qnames" do
+        @tm.add_prefix("x","http://www.example.org/x/")
+        @tm.add_prefix("y","http://www.example.org/y/")
         topic = @tm.get!("x:something")
-        topic.indicators.should include "http://www.test.de/x/something"
+        topic.indicators.should include("http://www.example.org/x/something")
         topic2 = @tm.get!("sl:y:something")
-        topic2.locators.should include "http://www.test.de/y/something"
+        topic2.locators.should include("http://www.example.org/y/something")
       end
     end
     
     describe "#create_locator" do
       it "should handle identifier which are qnames (create_locator)" do
         identifier = "x"
-        reference = "http://www.test.de/"
+        reference = "http://www.example.org/"
         @tm.add_prefix(identifier, reference)
         topic = @tm.create_topic_by(identifier + ":" + "something")
         topic.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
@@ -632,6 +644,62 @@ module RTM::TopicMap
         assoc.roles.map{|r| r.player}.should include @tm.get("France"), @tm.get("Germany")
       end
     end
+
+    describe "#associations" do
+      before(:each) do
+        @assoc1 = @tm.create_association("at1")
+        @assoc2 = @tm.create_association("at2", "rt21" => "rp21")
+        @assoc3 = @tm.create_association("at3", "rt31" => "rp31", "rt32" => "rp32")
+        @assoc4 = @tm.create_association("at3")
+        @no_assoc_type = @tm.get!("no_assoc_type")
+      end
+      it "should give back all associations" do
+        @tm.should have(4).associations
+        @tm.associations.should include(@assoc1, @assoc2, @assoc3, @assoc4)
+      end
+      it "should give back some associations if argument type (String) is given" do
+        @tm.associations("at1").size.should == 1
+        @tm.associations("at1").should include(@assoc1)
+        @tm.associations("at3").size.should == 2
+        @tm.associations("at3").should include(@assoc3, @assoc4)
+        @tm.associations("no_assoc_type").should be_empty
+      end
+      it "should give back some associations if argument type (Locator) is given" do
+        at2_loc = @tm.create_locator("at2")
+        at2_loc.should_not be_nil
+        at3_loc = @tm.create_locator("at3")
+        at3_loc.should_not be_nil
+        @tm.associations(at2_loc).size.should == 1
+        @tm.associations(at2_loc).should include(@assoc2)
+        @tm.associations(at3_loc).size.should == 2
+        @tm.associations(at3_loc).should include(@assoc3, @assoc4)
+        @tm.associations(@tm.create_locator("no_assoc_type")).should be_empty
+      end
+      it "should give back some associations if argument type (Topic) is given" do
+        at1 = @tm.get("at1")
+        at1.should_not be_nil
+        at3 = @tm.get("at3")
+        at3.should_not be_nil
+        @tm.associations(at1).size.should == 1
+        @tm.associations(at1).should include(@assoc1)
+        @tm.associations(at3).size.should == 2
+        @tm.associations(at3).should include(@assoc3, @assoc4)
+        @tm.associations(@no_assoc_type).should be_empty
+      end
+      it "should raise error if argument type is nil" do
+        lambda{@tm.associations(nil)}.should raise_error
+      end
+      it "should raise error if argument type is an array" do
+        lambda{@tm.associations(["a"])}.should raise_error
+      end
+      it "should give back no associations if argument type is a String but no Topic with this identifier exists" do
+        @tm.associations("not_existing").should be_empty
+      end
+      it "should give back no associations if argument type is a Locator but no Topic with this identifier exists" do
+        @tm.associations(@tm.create_locator("not_existing")).should be_empty
+      end
+    end
+
   end # of describe self
   
   describe self do

data/spec/rtm/tmapi/core/topic_spec.rb

@@ -286,6 +286,53 @@ module RTM::Topic
       end
     end
 
+    describe "#remove_instance" do
+      before(:each) do
+        @t1,@t2,@t3,@t4 = @tm.get!(["t1","t2","t3","t4"])
+        @t1.add_type(@t2)
+        @t1.add_type(@t3)
+        @t4.add_type(@t2)
+        @t2.should have(2).instances
+        @t2.instances.should include @t1, @t4
+      end
+      it "should remove an instance if argument is a String" do
+        @t2.remove_instance("t1")
+        @t2.should have(1).instances
+        @t2.instances.should include @t4
+        @t2.remove_instance("t4")
+        @t2.should have(0).instances
+      end
+      it "should remove an instance if argument is a Locator" do
+        @t2.remove_instance(@tm.create_locator("t4"))
+        @t2.should have(1).instances
+        @t2.instances.should include @t1
+        @t2.remove_instance(@tm.create_locator("t1"))
+        @t2.should have(0).instances
+      end
+      it "should remove an instance if argument is a Topic" do
+        @t2.remove_instance(@t1)
+        @t2.should have(1).instances
+        @t2.instances.should include @t4
+        @t2.remove_instance(@t4)
+        @t2.should have(0).instances
+      end
+      it "should not remove an instance if argument does not match an instance of this Topic" do
+        @t2.remove_instance("t3")
+        @t2.should have(2).instances
+        @t2.remove_instance("t5")
+        @t2.should have(2).instances
+        @t2.remove_instance(@tm.create_locator("t3"))
+        @t2.should have(2).instances
+        @t2.remove_instance(@tm.create_locator("t5"))
+        @t2.should have(2).instances
+        @t2.remove_instance(@t3)
+        @t2.should have(2).instances
+        @t2.remove_instance(@t5)
+        @t2.should have(2).instances
+        @t2.instances.should include @t1, @t4
+      end
+    end
+
     describe "#parent" do
       it "should give back the Topic Map" do
         topic = @tm.create_topic_by("=weihnachtsmann")
@@ -496,7 +543,7 @@ module RTM::Topic
         name1 = topic.create_name("Universitaet Leipzig")
         name2 = topic.create_name("University of Leipzig")
         occ1 = topic.create_occurrence("Gruendungsjahr", "1409")
-        occ2 = topic.create_occurrence("Webseite", "http://www.uni-leipzig.de")
+        occ2 = topic.create_occurrence("Webseite", "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig")
         topic.should have(4).children
         topic.children.should include(name1, name2, occ1, occ2)
       end
@@ -594,77 +641,506 @@ module RTM::Topic
       before(:each) do
         @topic = @tm.get!("person")
       end
-      it "should create an occurrence if only type and value=string is given" do
-        occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Geburtsort","Leipzig")
-        occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
-        @tm.get("Geburtsort").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
-        occ.type.should == @tm.get("Geburtsort")
-        occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
-        occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
-        occ.scope.should be_empty
-      end
-      it "should create an occurrence if only type and value=URI(Locator) is given" do
-        t = @tm.get!("Webseite")
-        occ = @topic.create_occurrence(t,@tm.create_locator("http://www.uni-leipzig.de/"))
-        occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
-        occ.type.should == t
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
-        occ.value.should == "http://www.uni-leipzig.de/"
-        occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
-        occ.scope.should be_empty
-      end
-      it "should create an occurrence if only type and value=string and a scope is given" do
-        occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Geburtsort","Leipzig",{:scope => ["deutsch"]})
-        occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
-        @tm.get("Geburtsort").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
-        occ.type.should == @tm.get("Geburtsort")
-        occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
-        occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
-        occ.scope.should include(@tm.get("deutsch"))
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should_not == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
-      end
-      it "should create an occurrence if several scope-items are given" do
-        occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Geburtsort","Leipzig",{:scope => ["deutsch","test"]})
-        occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
-        @tm.get("Geburtsort").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
-        occ.type.should == @tm.get("Geburtsort")
-        occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
-        occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
-        occ.scope.size.should == 2
-        occ.scope.should include(@tm.get("deutsch"), @tm.get("test"))
-      end
-      it "should create an occurrence if only type and value=string and a datatype is given" do
-        occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Alter","26",{:datatype => @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:anyType])})
-        occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
-        @tm.get("Alter").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
-        occ.type.should == @tm.get("Alter")
-        occ.value.should == "26"
-        occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:anyType])
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should ==RTM::PSI[:anyType]
-        occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
-        occ.scope.should be_empty
-      end
-      it "should create an occurrence if type, value=string, datatype and scope is given" do
-        occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Heimat","Sachsen",{:datatype => RTM::PSI[:String], :scope => ["deutsch"]})
-        occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
-        @tm.get("Heimat").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
-        occ.type.should == @tm.get("Heimat")
-        occ.value.should == "Sachsen"
-        occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
-        occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
-        occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
-        occ.scope.should include(@tm.get("deutsch"))
+      after(:each) do
+      end
+      describe "with false arguments" do
+        it "should raise an error if type is a String and the value's datatype is not supported" do
+          lambda{@topic.create_occurrence("Age", {:a => :b})}.should raise_error
+        end
+        it "should not raise an error if type is String, datatype is given, the value's datatype is not supported but the value may be converted to string" do
+          lambda{:a.to_s}.should_not raise_error
+          lambda{@topic.create_occurrence("Age", :a, :datatype => RTM::PSI[:String])}.should_not raise_error
+        end
+        it "should raise an error if type is a Locator and the value's type is not supported" do
+          lambda{@topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), {:a => :b})}.should raise_error
+        end
+        it "should raise an error if type is a Topic and the value's type is not supported" do
+          lambda{@topic.create_occurrence(@tm.get!("Age"), {:a => :b})}.should raise_error
+        end
+        it "should raise an error if scope is not an array"
+        it "should raise an error if datatype is not of type String or Locator"
+        it "should raise an error if datatype is nil" do
+          @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("birthplace","Leipzig", :datatype => nil)
+        end
+      end
+      describe "given type and value" do
+        after(:each) do
+          @occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
+          @occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
+          @occ.scope.should be_empty
+        end
+        describe "and type is a String" do
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is a String" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("birthplace","Leipzig")
+            @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+            @occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is a Locator" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Website" ,@tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"))
+            @tm.get("Website").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Website")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if value is a Float" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23.5)
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is a Fixum" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23)
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", number)
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+        end
+        describe "and type is a Locator" do
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is a String" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("birthplace"),"Leipzig")
+            @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+            @occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is an IRI" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Website"), @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"))
+            @tm.get("Website").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Website")
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:IRI])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if value is a Float" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), 23.5)
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is a Fixum" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), 23)
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), number)
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+        end
+        describe "and type is a Topic" do
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is a String" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Website")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig")
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is an IRI" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Website")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"))
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if value is a Float" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, 23.5)
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is a Fixum" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, 23)
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, number)
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      describe "given type, value and datatype" do
+        after(:each) do
+          @occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
+          @occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
+          @occ.scope.should be_empty
+        end
+        describe "and type is a String" do
+          describe "and value is a String" do
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:String" do
+              @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("birthplace","Leipzig", :datatype => RTM::PSI[:String])
+              @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+              @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+              @occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
+              @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
+            end
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:anyURI ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:float ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:long ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:integer ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:?? ?"
+          end
+          describe "and value is a Locator" do
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:String" do
+              @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Website" ,@tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"), :datatype => RTM::PSI[:String])
+              @tm.get("Website").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+              @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Website")
+              @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+              @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+            end
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:anyURI ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:float ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:long ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:integer ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:?? ?"
+          end
+          describe "and value is a Float" do
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:String" do
+              @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23.5, :datatype => RTM::PSI[:String])
+              @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+              @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+              @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+              @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+            end
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:anyURI ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:float ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:long ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:integer ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:?? ?"
+          end
+          describe "and value is a Fixnum" do
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:String" do
+              @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23, :datatype => RTM::PSI[:String])
+              @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+              @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+              @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+              @occ.value.should == "23"
+            end
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:anyURI ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:float ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:long ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:integer ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:?? ?"
+          end
+          describe "and value is a Bignum" do
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:String" do
+              number = 9999999999999999999
+              number.class.should == Bignum
+              @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", number, :datatype => RTM::PSI[:String])
+              @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+              @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+              @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+              @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+            end
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:anyURI ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:float ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:long ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:integer ?"
+            it "should create an occurrence if datatype is xsd:?? ?"
+          end 
+        end
+        it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value and datatype is given" do
+          @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("birthplace"), "Leipzig", :datatype => RTM::PSI[:IRI])
+          @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+          @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+          @occ.value.should == "http://www.topicmapslab.de/Leipzig"
+          @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:IRI])
+        end
+        it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value and datatype is given" do
+          type = @tm.get!("Website")
+          @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, "1", :datatype => RTM::PSI[:String])
+          @occ.type.should == type
+          @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+          @occ.value.should == "1"
+        end
+      end
+      describe "given type, value and scope" do
+        after(:each) do
+          @occ.should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Occurrence)
+          @occ.scope.should respond_to(:each)
+        end
+        describe "given one theme" do
+          after(:each) do
+            @occ.scope.size.should == 1
+            @occ.scope.should include(@tm.get("test_theme"))
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is a String" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("birthplace","Leipzig", :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+            @occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is a Locator" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Website" ,@tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"), :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Website").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Website")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if type is a String and value is a Float" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23.5, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is a Fixum" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", number, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is a String" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("birthplace"), "Leipzig", :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+            @occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is an IRI" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Website"), @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"), :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Website").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Website")
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:IRI])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if type is a Locator and value is a Float" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), 23.5, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is a Fixum" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), 23, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), number, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is a String" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Website")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig", :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is an IRI" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Website")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"), :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if type is a Topic and value is a Float" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, 23.5, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is a Fixum" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, 23, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, number, :scope => ["test_theme"])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+        end
+        describe "given several themes" do
+          before(:each) do
+            @locator_theme = @tm.create_locator("test_theme2")
+            @locator_theme.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Locator
+            @topic_theme = @tm.get!("test_theme3")
+            @topic_theme.should be_a_kind_of RTM::Topic
+          end
+          after(:each) do
+            @occ.scope.size.should == 3
+            @occ.scope.should include(@tm.get("test_theme1"), @tm.get("test_theme2"), @tm.get("test_theme3"))
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is a String" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("birthplace","Leipzig", :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+            @occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is a Locator" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Website" ,@tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"), :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Website").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Website")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if type is a String and value is a Float" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23.5, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is a Fixum" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", 23, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a String and value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence("Age", number, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is a String" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("birthplace"), "Leipzig", :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("birthplace").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("birthplace")
+            @occ.value.should == "Leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:String])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is an IRI" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Website"), @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"), :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Website").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Website")
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+            @occ.datatype.should == @tm.create_locator(RTM::PSI[:IRI])
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if type is a Locator and value is a Float" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), 23.5, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is a Fixum" do
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), 23, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Locator and value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(@tm.create_locator("Age"), number, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @tm.get("Age").should be_a_kind_of(RTM::Topic)
+            @occ.type.should == @tm.get("Age")
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is a String" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Website")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig", :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:String]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is an IRI" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Website")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, @tm.create_locator("http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"), :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:IRI]
+            @occ.value.should == "http://www.example.org/uni-leipzig"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrnce if type is a Topic and value is a Float" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, 23.5, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Float]
+            @occ.value.should == "23.5"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is a Fixum" do
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, 23, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Long]
+            @occ.value.should == "23"
+          end
+          it "should create an occurrence if type is a Topic and value is Bignum" do
+            number = 9999999999999999999
+            number.class.should == Bignum
+            type = @tm.get!("Age")
+            @occ = @topic.create_occurrence(type, number, :scope => ["test_theme1", @locator_theme, @topic_theme])
+            @occ.type.should == type
+            @occ.datatype.to_external_form.should == RTM::PSI[:Integer]
+            @occ.value.should == number.to_s
+          end
+        end
+      end
+      describe "given type, value, datatype and scope" do
+        it "should be tested"
       end
     end #of describe "#create_occurrences"
 
     describe "#add_subject_identifier" do
       before(:each) do
-        @ii_1 = "http://www.specs.de/ii_1"
-        @ii_2 = "http://www.specs.de/ii_2"
-        @si_1 = "http://www.specs.de/si_1"
-        @si_2 = "http://www.specs.de/si_2"
-        @sl_1 = "http://www.specs.de/sl_1"
-        @sl_2 = "http://www.specs.de/sl_2"
+        @ii_1 = "http://www.example.org/ii_1"
+        @ii_2 = "http://www.example.org/ii_2"
+        @si_1 = "http://www.example.org/si_1"
+        @si_2 = "http://www.example.org/si_2"
+        @sl_1 = "http://www.example.org/sl_1"
+        @sl_2 = "http://www.example.org/sl_2"
       end    
       it "should add an identifier as subject identifier if the topic already has another si" do
         topic = @tm.get!("si:" + @si_1)
@@ -715,32 +1191,32 @@ module RTM::Topic
       end
       it "should do what? if the topic already has this identifier as sl"
       it "should merge the topic A with another topic B that has the same identifier as ii or si when adding this identifier to A, but throws an exception" do
-        topic_a = @tm.get!("ii:" + @ii_1)
-        topic_b = @tm.get!("ii:" + @ii_2)
-        lambda{topic_a.add_subject_identifier(@ii_2)}.should raise_error
+        topicA = @tm.get!("ii:" + @ii_1)
+        topicB = @tm.get!("ii:" + @ii_2)
+        lambda{topicA.add_subject_identifier(@ii_2)}.should raise_error
       end         
     end # of describe add_subject_indentifier
     
     describe "#add_item_identifier" do
       before(:each) do
-        @ii_1 = "http://www.specs.de/ii_1"
-        @ii_2 = "http://www.specs.de/ii_2"
-        @si_1 = "http://www.specs.de/si_1"
-        @si_2 = "http://www.specs.de/si_2"
-        @sl_1 = "http://www.specs.de/sl_1"
-        @sl_2 = "http://www.specs.de/sl_2"
+        @ii_1 = "http://www.example.org/ii_1"
+        @ii_2 = "http://www.example.org/ii_2"
+        @si_1 = "http://www.example.org/si_1"
+        @si_2 = "http://www.example.org/si_2"
+        @sl_1 = "http://www.example.org/sl_1"
+        @sl_2 = "http://www.example.org/sl_2"
       end
       it "should be tested"
     end #of describe add_item_identifier
     
     describe "#add_subject_locator" do
       before(:each) do
-        @ii_1 = "http://www.specs.de/ii_1"
-        @ii_2 = "http://www.specs.de/ii_2"
-        @si_1 = "http://www.specs.de/si_1"
-        @si_2 = "http://www.specs.de/si_2"
-        @sl_1 = "http://www.specs.de/sl_1"
-        @sl_2 = "http://www.specs.de/sl_2"
+        @ii_1 = "http://www.example.org/ii_1"
+        @ii_2 = "http://www.example.org/ii_2"
+        @si_1 = "http://www.example.org/si_1"
+        @si_2 = "http://www.example.org/si_2"
+        @sl_1 = "http://www.example.org/sl_1"
+        @sl_2 = "http://www.example.org/sl_2"
       end 
       it "should be tested"
     end # of describe add_subject_locator