rootine-gem 0.1.0

data/lib/rootine-gem/roots_data/suffixes.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+ac$,-ac,pertaining to,に関する,"cardiac, hemophiliac, maniac"
+(?:acity|ocity)$,"-acity, -ocity",quality of,の品質,"perspicacity, sagacity, velocity"
+ade$,-ade,"act, action or process, product",行為、アクションやプロセス、製品,"blockade, cavalcade, promenade,"
+age$,-age,action or process,アクションまたはプロセス,"passage, pilgrimage, voyage"
+(?:aholic|oholic)$,"-aholic, -oholic",one with an obsession for,あるものに対する強迫観念を持つ,"workaholic, shopaholic, alcoholic"
+al$,-al,relating to,に関連する,"bacterial, theatrical, natural"
+algia$,-algia,pain,痛み,"neuralgia, nostalgia,"
+(?:an|ian)$,"-an, -ian","relating to, belonging to",に属している、に関連する,"Italian, urban, African"
+ance$,-ance,state or quality of,状態や品質の,"brilliance, defiance, annoyance"
+ant$,-ant,a person who,する人,"applicant, immigrant, servant"
+ant$,-ant,"inclined to, tending to",傾向がある,"brilliant, defiant, vigilant"
+ar$,-ar,"of or relating to, being",に関連する、そのものであること,"lunar, molecular, solar"
+ar$,-ar,a person who,する人,"beggar, burglar, liar"
+ard$,-ard,a person who does an action,アクションをした人,"coward, sluggard, wizard"
+arian$,-arian,a person who,する人,"disciplinarian, vegetarian, librarian"
+(?:arium|orium)$,"-arium, -orium",a place for,以下のための場所,"terrarium, aquarium, solarium"
+ary$,-ary,of or relating to,関係,"literary, military, budgetary"
+ate$,-ate,state or quality of (adj.),状態や品質（ADJ。）,"affectionate, desolate, obstinate"
+ate$,-ate,makes the word a verb (different pronunciation),動詞にする,"activate, evaporate, medicate"
+ation$,-ation,action or process,アクションまたはプロセス,"creation, narration, emancipation"
+ative$,-ative,tending to (adj.),傾向（形容詞）,"creative, preservative, talkative"
+cide$,-cide,act of killing,殺害の行為,"homicide, suicide, genocide"
+cracy$,-cracy,"rule, government, power",ルール、政府、力,"bureaucracy, aristocracy, theocracy"
+crat$,-crat,someone who has power,パワーを持っている人,"aristocrat, bureaucrat, technocrat"
+cule$,-cule,diminutive (making something small),小柄（小さくする）,"molecule, ridicule,"
+cy$,-cy,"state, condition or quality",状態、状態または品質,"efficiency, privacy, belligerency"
+cycle$,-cycle,"circle, wheel",サークル、ホイール,"bicycle, recycle, tricycle"
+dom$,-dom,"condition of, state, realm",状態、領域,"boredom, freedom, wisdom"
+dox$,-dox,"belief, praise",信念、賞賛,"orthodox, paradox"
+ectomy$,-ectomy,surgical removal of,の外科的除去,"appendectomy, hysterectomy"
+ed$,-ed,past tense,過去形,"called, hammered, laughed"
+ee$,-ee,"receiver, performer",受信機、パフォーマー,"nominee, employee, devotee"
+eer$,-eer,associated with/engaged in,関連付けられた/従事,"engineer, volunteer"
+emia$,-emia,blood condition,血状態,"anemia, hypoglycemia, leukemia"
+en$,-en,makes the word a verb,単語動詞を作ります,"awaken, fasten, strengthen"
+ence$,-ence,"state or condition, action",状態または症状、行動,"absence, dependence, negligence"
+ency$,-ency,condition or quality,条件または品質,"clemency, dependency, efficiency"
+ent$,-ent,"inclined to performing/causing, or one who performs/causes",原因/実行に傾く、またはその人,"competent, correspondent, absorbent"
+er$,-er,more,もっと,"bigger, faster, happier"
+er$,-er,action or process,アクションまたはプロセス,"flutter, ponder, stutter"
+er$,-er,a person who does an action,アクションをした人,"announcer, barber, teacher"
+ern$,-ern,state or quality of,状態や品質の,"eastern, northern, western"
+escence$,-escence,state or process,状態またはプロセス,"adolescence, convalescence"
+ese$,-ese,relating to a place,場所に関連します,"Chinese, Congolese, Vietnamese"
+esque$,-esque,in the style of,のスタイルで,"Kafkaesque, grotesque, burlesque"
+ess$,-ess,female,女性,"actress, heiress, lioness"
+est$,-est,most,最も,"funniest, hottest, silliest"
+etic$,-etic,relating to (makes the word an adj.),関連して（形容詞）,"athletic, energetic, poetic"
+ette$,-ette,diminutive (makes something smaller),小柄（より小さくなる）,"cigarette, diskette, kitchenette"
+ful$,-ful,full of,いっぱいの,"helpful, thankful, cheerful"
+fy$,-fy,"make, cause (makes the word a verb)",作り、原因は（単語動詞にする）,"amplify, falsify, terrify"
+(?:gam|gamy)$,"-gam, -gamy","marriage, union",結婚、労働組合,"monogam, polygamy"
+(?:gon|gonic)$,"-gon, -gonic",angle,角度,"hexagon, polygonic, pentagon"
+hood$,-hood,"state, condition, or quality",状態、症状、または品質,"childhood, neighborhood, motherhood"
+ial$,-ial,relating to,に関連する,"celestial, editorial, martial"
+ian$,-ian,relating to,に関連する,"Martian, utopian, pediatrician"
+iasis$,-iasis,diseased condition,病気の症状,"elephantiasis, psoriasis"
+iatric$,-iatric,healing practice,ヒーリングの練習,"pediatric, psychiatric,"
+ible$,-ible,able to be,ことができ,"audible, plausible, legible"
+(?:ic|ical)$,"-ic, -ical","relating to, characterized by",によって特徴付けられる、に関連する,"analytic/al, comic/al, organic"
+ile$,-ile,"relating to, capable of",の能力に関連する,"agile, docile, volatile"
+ily$,-ily,in what manner,どのような方法で、,"sloppily, steadily, zanily"
+ine$,-ine,relating to,に関連する,"canine, feminine, masculine"
+ing$,-ing,materials,材料,"bedding, frosting, roofing"
+ing$,-ing,action or process,アクションまたはプロセス,"dancing, seeing, writing"
+ion$,-ion,action or process,アクションまたはプロセス,"celebration, completion, navigation"
+ious$,-ious,"having the qualities of, full of",完全な、性質を有する,"ambitious, cautious, gracious"
+ish$,-ish,"relating to, characteristic",、特性に関連します,"apish, brutish, childish"
+ism$,-ism,state or quality,状態や品質,"altruism, despotism, heroism"
+ist$,-ist,"a person, one who does an action",人、アクションを行う人,"artist, linguist, pianist"
+ite$,-ite,"resident of, follower, product of",居住者、フォロワー、製品,"suburbanite, luddite, dynamite"
+itis$,-itis,"inflammation, preoccupation",炎症、没頭,"appendicitis, tonsillitis, frontrunneritis"
+ity$,-ity,"state, condition, or quality",状態、症状、または品質,"abnormality, civility, necessity"
+ive$,-ive,inclined to; quality of; that which,傾向がある、品質、もの,"attractive, expensive, repulsive"
+ization$,-ization,act or process of making,作るの行為またはプロセス,"colonization, fertilization, modernization"
+ize$,-ize,"cause, treat, become",原因、治療、になります,"antagonize, authorize, popularize"
+less$,-less,without,無し,"fearless, helpless, homeless"
+let$,-let,version of,のバージョン,"booklet, droplet, inlet"
+like$,-like,"resembling, characteristic",似ている、特徴,"childlike, homelike, lifelike"
+ling$,-ling,younger or inferior,若いまたは劣る,"duckling, underling"
+(?:loger|logist)$,"-loger, -logist",one who does,ないもの,"astrologer, cardiologist, chronologer"
+log$,-log,speech,スピーチ,"dialog, monolog,"
+ly$,-ly,in what manner,どのような方法で、,"badly, courageously, happily"
+ment$,-ment,"action, result",アクション、結果,"movement, placement, shipment"
+ness$,-ness,state or quality (makes a noun),状態や品質（名詞になる）,"kindness, shyness, weakness"
+oid$,-oid,resembling,似ている,"humanoid, tabloid, hemorrhoid"
+ology$,-ology,"study of, science of",の科学の研究,"anthropology, archaeology, biology"
+oma$,-oma,"tumor, swelling",腫瘍、腫れ,"carcinoma, osteoma, hematoma"
+onym$,-onym,"name, word",名前、単語,"synonym, antonym, homonym"
+opia$,-opia,eye defect,眼の欠陥,"myopia, nyctalopia, hyperopia"
+opsy$,-opsy,examination,検査,"biopsy, autopsy, necropsy"
+or$,-or,a person who,する人,"inventor, legislator, translator"
+ory$,-ory,relating to,に関連する,"armory, dormitory, laboratory"
+osis$,-osis,"process, diseased condition",プロセス、病的状態,"diagnosis, prognosis, neurosis, psychosis"
+(?:ostomy|otomy)$,"-ostomy, -otomy",surgical,外科,"colostomy, lobotomy, craniotomy"
+ous$,-ous,full of,いっぱいの,"hazardous, humorous, wondrous"
+path$,-path,one who engages in,に従事するもの,"homeopath, naturopath, psychopath"
+pathy$,-pathy,"feeling, diseased",感情、病気の,"sympathy, apathy, neuropathy"
+phile$,-phile,one who loves,愛するもの,"bibliophile, audiophile, pyrophile"
+phobia$,-phobia,abnormal fear of,異常な恐怖,"acrophobia, claustrophobia, xenophobia"
+phone$,-phone,sound,音,"homophone, telephone, microphone"
+phyte$,-phyte,"plant, to grow",成長する植物、,"zoophyte, cryptophyte, epiphyte"
+plegia$,-plegia,paralysis,麻痺,"paraplegia, quadriplegia, hemiplegia"
+plegic$,-plegic,one who is paralyzed,麻痺している1,"paraplegic, technoplegic, quadriplegic"
+pnea$,-pnea,"air, spirit",空気、精神,"apnea, hyperpnea, orthopnea"
+(?:scopy|scope)$,"-scopy, -scope",visual exam,視覚的な試験,"arthroscopy, gastroscopy, microscope"
+(?:scribe|script)$,"-scribe, -script",to write,書くこと,"transcript, describe, manuscript"
+sect$,-sect,to cut,切る,"dissect, insect, bisect"
+ship$,-ship,"state or condition of, skill of",のスキルの状態や症状,"authorship, citizenship, friendship"
+sion$,-sion,state or quality,状態や品質,"confusion, depression, tension"
+some$,-some,"characterized by, group of",の群によって特徴付け,"cumbersome, quarrelsome, foursome"
+(?:sophy|sophic)$,"-sophy, -sophic","wisdom, knowledge",知恵、知識,"philosophy, theosophy, anthroposophic"
+th$,-th,state or quality,状態や品質,"depth, length, strength"
+tion$,-tion,state or quality,状態や品質,"attention, caution, fascination"
+(?:tome|tomy)$,"-tome, -tomy",to cut,切る,"hysterectomy, epitome, tonsillotome"
+trophy$,-trophy,"nourishment, growth",栄養、成長,"atrophy, hypertrophy, dystrophy"
+tude$,-tude,"state, condition or quality",状態または品質,"fortitude, gratitude, magnitude"
+ty$,-ty,"state, condition or quality",状態または品質,"ability, honesty, loyalty"
+ular$,-ular,relating to or resembling,関連または類似している,"cellular, circular, muscular"
+uous$,-uous,state or quality of,状態や品質の,"arduous, tumultuous, virtuous"
+ure$,-ure,"action, condition",アクション、条件,"closure, erasure, failure"
+ward$,-ward,specifies direction,指定した方向,"backward, eastward, homeward"
+ware$,-ware,things of the same type or material,同じタイプまたは材料のもの,"hardware, software, kitchenware"
+wise$,-wise,in what manner or direction,どのような方法や方向,"clockwise, lengthwise, otherwise"
+y$,-y,"made up of, characterized",で出来ている、特徴づけられた,"brainy, fruity, gooey"

data/lib/rootine-gem/version.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+module RootineGem
+  VERSION = "0.1.0"
+end

data/lib/rootine_gem.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rootine-gem/version'
+require 'rootine-gem/rootine'

data/rootine-gem.gemspec

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+
+lib = File.expand_path("../lib", __FILE__)
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+require "rootine-gem/version"
+
+Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
+  spec.name          = "rootine-gem"
+  spec.version       = RootineGem::VERSION
+  spec.authors       = ["sa2taka"]
+  spec.email         = ["sa2taka@gmail.com"]
+
+  spec.summary       = %q{This breaks uo English word.}
+  spec.description   = %q{This breaks uo English word to word-root}
+  spec.homepage      = "https://github.com/sa2taka"
+
+  # Specify which files should be added to the gem when it is released.
+  # The `git ls-files -z` loads the files in the RubyGem that have been added into git.
+  spec.files         = Dir.chdir(File.expand_path('..', __FILE__)) do
+    `git ls-files -z`.split("\x0").reject { |f| f.match(%r{^(test|spec|features)/}) }
+  end
+  spec.bindir        = "exe"
+  spec.executables   = spec.files.grep(%r{^exe/}) { |f| File.basename(f) }
+  spec.require_paths = ["lib"]
+
+  spec.add_development_dependency "bundler", "~> 2.0"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rake", "~> 10.0"
+  spec.add_development_dependency "rspec", "~> 3.0"
+end

data/work/assign_word_roots_regexp.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+require "csv"
+
+def assing_word_roots_regexp(roots)
+  assinged_roots = []
+  root_regexps = []
+  roots.each do |root_info|
+    root_word = root_info[0]
+    root_pattern = []
+    root_word.split(",").each do |root|
+      if root.include? "/"
+        base, *others = root.split("/")
+        if others.length == 1 && others[0].length == 1
+          # e.g. arch/i  → archi?
+          root_pattern.append("#{base}#{others[0]}?")
+        elsif others.all? { |other| other.length == 1 }
+          # e.g. arch/a/i → arch[ai]?
+          root_pattern.append("#{base}[#{others.join("")}]?")
+        else
+          # e.g. aud/i/io → aud(?:i|io)?
+          root_pattern.append("#{base}(?:#{others.join("|")})?")
+        end
+      else
+        root_pattern.append(root)
+      end
+    end
+    assinged_roots << ['^' + root_pattern.join("|^").delete(" ")] + root_info
+  end
+  assinged_roots
+end
+
+def assing_suffix_regexp(suffixes)
+  assinged_suffixes = []
+  suffix_regexp = ""
+
+  suffixes.each do |suffix_info|
+    suffix_pattern = []
+    suffix_word = suffix_info[0]
+    suffix_word.split(",").each do |suffix|
+      suffix_pattern.append(suffix.delete("- "))
+    end
+
+    if suffix_pattern.length == 1
+      suffix_regexp = "#{suffix_pattern[0]}$"
+    else
+      suffix_regexp = "(?:#{suffix_pattern.join("|")})$"
+    end
+    assinged_suffixes << [suffix_regexp] + suffix_info
+  end
+  assinged_suffixes
+end
+
+roots = CSV.read("work/roots.csv")
+suffixes = CSV.read("work/suffixes.csv")
+
+CSV.open("roots.csv", "wb") do |csv|
+  assing_word_roots_regexp(roots).each do |line|
+    csv << line
+  end
+end
+
+CSV.open("suffixes.csv", "wb") do |csv|
+  assing_suffix_regexp(suffixes).each do |line|
+    csv << line
+  end
+end

data/work/roots.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+a/n,"not, without",ない、なし,Greek,abyss - without bottom; achromatic - without color; anhydrous - without water
+a,on,に,Latin,afire - on fire; ashore - on the shore; aside - on the side
+"a, ab/s","from, away, off",〜から、離れる、オフ,Latin,"abduct - carry away by force; abnormal - away from normal, not normal; absent - away, not present; aversion - the act of turning away from; abbreviate: to shorten."
+a/c/d,"to, toward, near",〜へ、近く,Latin,"accelerate - to increase the speed of; accessible - easily entered, approached, or obtained; admittance - allowing into;"
+acro,"top, height, tip, beginning",トップ、高さ、先端、初め,Greek,"acrobat - a ""high walker""; acronym - a word formed from the first (capital) letters of a word; acrophobia - fear of height"
+act,do,行う,Latin,activity - something that a person does; react - to do something in response; interaction - communication between two or more things
+aer/o,air,空気,Greek,aerate - to let air reach something; aerial - relating to the air; aerospace - the air space
+agr/i/o,farming,耕作,LatinGreek,"agriculture - management of the land, agribusiness - making money by utilizing land; agrarian - relating to the management of land"
+alg/o,pain,疼痛,Latin,neuralgia - pain caused by a nerve; analgesic - a drug that makes one pain free; nostalgia - aching for the familiar
+"ambi, amphi","both, on both sides, around",両方とも、両側に、周り,Latin,ambidextrous - able to use both hands equally; ambiguous - having more than one meaning; ambivalence - conflicting or opposite feelings toward a person or thing
+ambul,"walk, move",、歩く、動く,Latin,"amble - to walk in a slow, relaxed way; ambulant - walking or moving around; ambulance - a vehicle that moves a patient"
+ami/o,love,愛,Latin,"amiable - friendly, pleasant, lovable; amity - friendly and peaceful relations; amorous - showing romantic love"
+ana,"up, back, against, again, throughout",バック、再び、に対して、全体に、アップ,Greek,analysis - a close examination of something; anatomy - the structure of something as visible when cut up for analysis; anachronism - not being in the right place in time
+andr/o,"man, male",男、男性,Greek,androgynous - being both male and female; android - resembling a human; misandry - hatred towards men
+anim,"life, spirit",生活、精神,Latin,animal - a living organism; animate - to make alive; equanimity - of balanced spirit
+"ann, enn",year,年,Latin,"anniversary - a date observed once a year; annual - happening once a year; millennium - 1,000 years"
+ante,"before, in front",前に、前に,Latin,antecede - to come before something in time; antemeridian - before noon; anteroom- a small room before the main room
+anth/o,flower,花,Greek,"chrysanthemum and amaranth - names of flowers; anthology - a collection of treasured writings; anthozoan - half plant, half animal, like anemones and corals."
+anthrop/o,human,人間,Greek,anthropology - the study of mankind; anthropomorphism - giving human form to non-human things; philanthropy - the love to mankind (expressed through good deeds)
+anti,"against, opposite of",の反対、反対,Greek,antibody - a substance that destroys micro-organisms; antiseptic - preventing infection; antisocial - opposing social norm
+"apo, apho","away, off, separate",離れて、オフ、別々の,Greek,"aphorism - a short expression of a general truth; apology - an explicit expression of regret, apostrophe - a small dash used in place of an omitted letter"
+aqu/a,water,水,Latin,aquarium - a water container for fish; aquatic- relating to water; aqueduct - a pipeline for water
+arbor,tree,木,Latin,arborist - someone working with trees; arbor - a shady area formed by trees; arborous - having many trees
+arch/i,"chief, most important, rule",チーフ、最も重要なのは、ルール,Greek,archbishop - the highest ranking bishop; archenemy - chief or worst enemy; matriarch - a female who rules a group; monarch - a king or queen
+arch/a/i,"primitive, ancient",原始、古代,Greek,archaeology - the study of ancient cultures; archaic - belonging to an earlier period; archive - a collection of historical materials
+arthr/o,joint,ジョイント,LatinGreek,"arthroscope - a tool to see inside a joint; arthritis - inflammation of a joint; arthropod - invertebrates with jointed legs, like spiders, crustaceans, insects"
+art,skill,スキル,Latin,artifact - object made by a person's skill; artisan - a person skilled in a craft; artist - a person who creates skillfully
+"astro, aster","star, stars, outer space",星、星、宇宙,Greek,astronaut - a person traveling to the stars; astronomer - someone who studies the stars; asterisk - a star-shaped sign used as a reference tool
+aud/i/io,hear,聞く,Latin,audible - loud enough to be heard; audience - people who listen to a program; audiovisual - relating to sound and vision
+auto,"self, same, one",自己、同じ、1,Greek,autocrat - a person who governs with absolute power; autograph - a person's own signature; automatic - moving by itself
+avi/a,bird,鳥,Latin,aviary - a large enclosure for birds; aviatrix - a female airplane pilot; aviation - the art of designing or operating aircraft
+bar/o,"pressure, weight",圧力、重量,Greek,"baric - pertaining to pressure, esp. of the atmosphere; milliard - metric unit, equal to 1/1000th of a bar; baryon - heavy elementary particle"
+bell/i,war,戦争,Latin,"bellicose - warlike; belligerent - hostile, ready to fight; rebel - person who opposes and fights"
+bene,"good, well",まあ、良いです,Latin,benefactor - person who gives money to a cause; beneficial - producing a good effect; benevolent - showing kindness or goodwill
+bi/n,"two, twice, once in every two",2、二回、二回に一回,Latin,biannual - happening twice a year; binoculars - optical device with two lenses; bilateral - of or involving two sides
+bibli/o,book,本,Greek,bibliography - a list of books used as sources; bibliomania - an extreme love of books; bibliophile - a person who loves books
+bio,"life, living matter",人生、生活の問題,Greek,biography- a life story written by another person; biology - the science of life; biosphere - Earth's surface inhabited by living things
+blast/o,"cell, primitive, immature cell",セル、原始的、未熟な細胞,Greek,blastula - an early stage of embryonic development; fibroblast - a cell that forms connective tissue; blastoderm - the layer surrounding the inside of an egg
+burs,"pouch, purse",ポーチ、財布,Latin,bursar- an administrative officer in charge of funds; bursary- the treasury of a college or monastery; disburse- to expend especially from a public fund
+calc,stone,石,Latin,calcite; calcium- the flame of acetylene gas generated by reaction of calcium carbide with water; calcification- impregnation with calcareous matter
+cand,"glowing, iridescent",輝く、虹色,Latin,"candid- free from bias, prejudice, or malice; candle- something that gives light; incandescent- white, glowing, or luminous with intense heat"
+"capt, cept, ceive","take, hold",取る、ホールド,Latin,intercept - to stop or interrupt; perceive - to take notice of something; captivating - taking hold of
+cardi/o,heart,心臓,Greek,cardiac - relating to the heart; cardiogenic - resulting from heart disease; cardiologist - a heart doctor
+carn/i,"flesh, meat",肉、肉,Latin,carnivorous - flesh-eating; carnal - pertaining to the body or flesh; incarnate - given bodily form
+cata,"down, against completely, intensive, according to",ダウン、完全に集中に対して、に従って,Greek,"cataclysm - a flood or other disaster, catalog - a complete listing; catastrophe - turning for the worst, a substantial disaster"
+"caust, caut",to burn,燃やす,LatinGreek,"cauterize - to burn with a hot instrument; caustic - capable of burning or eating away; holocaust - total devastation, especially by fire"
+"cede, ceed, cess","go, yield",行く、収量,Latin,"exceed - to go beyond the limits; recede - to go back; accessible - easily entered, approached, or obtained;"
+celer,fast,速いです,Latin,accelerate - to increase the speed of; decelerate - to reduce the speed of
+cent/i,"hundred, hundredth",百、百,Latin,centennial- the 100th anniversary; centimeter - 1/100 of a meter; century - 100 years
+centr/o/i,center,センター,Greek,"egocentric - self-centered; eccentric - not having a common center, not according to norm; centrifugal - moving outward from a center"
+cephal/o,head,頭,Greek,encephalitis - inflammation of the brain; cephalic - pertaining to the head; cephalopod - marine mollusks like octopus and squid who have tentacles growing from their head
+cerebr/o,brain,脳,Latin,cerebral - pertaining to the brain; cerebrate - to use the brain; cerebrospinal - pertaining to the brain and the spinal cord
+cert,sure,確か,Latin,ascertain- to find out something with certainty; certain - being absolutely sure; certify - to state that something is true
+"chrom/o, chromat/o, chros","color, pigment",色、顔料,Greek,"achromatic - without color; chromium - a blue-white metallic chemical element, chromatics - the study of color"
+chron/o,time,時間,Greek,"chronic - lasting for a long time; chronological - arranging events in time order, synchronize - happening at the same time"
+chrys/o,"gold, yellow",金、黄色,Greek,chrysanthemum and helichrysum - golden/yellow flowers; chrysolite - a yellowish gem
+"cide, cise","cut, kill",カット、殺します,Latin,homicide - murder; incisor - a sharp tooth for cutting food; insecticide - a chemical used to kill insects
+"circum, circle","around, about",周りには約,Latin,circumnavigate - to sail around; circumscribe - to draw around; circumspect - looking around
+"claim, clam","shout, speak out",叫び、声,Latin,clamor - to shout and make noise; exclaim - to cry out loudly and suddenly; proclamation - something announced officially in public
+clar,clear,明確な,Latin,clarification - an explanation; clarify - to make something clear; declare - to state something clearly
+"clud, clus",close,閉じる,Latin,"conclusion - the end or last part; exclusion - shutting out, rejecting; seclude - to keep away from; to isolate"
+cline,lean,リーン,Latin,inclination - a leaning toward; incline - a surface that slopes or leans; recline - to lean back and relax
+co,"with, together, joint",、一緒に、共同で,Latin,coauthor - writer who collaborates with another author; coeducation - educating males and females together; cohousing - planning your neighborhood in an intentional neighborly fashion
+col,"together, jointly",一緒に、共同で,Latin,Collaborate - to work together; collision - smashing together; colloquial - words formed by everday interaction
+com,"together, common",一緒に、共通,Latin,commemorate - to memorize together; composition - an arrangement or putting together of parts; commune - living together while owning things in common
+cogn/i,know,知っています,Latin,cognition - process of acquiring knowledge; incognito - disguised so no one knows you; recognize - to discover that one knows
+con,"with, jointly",共同で、と,Latin,concur - to agree with someone; contemporary - of the same time period as others; convention - a gathering of people with a common interest
+contra/o,"against, opposite",反対、反対,Latin,"contradict to argue against, Contraflow, contraception, contrary not in agreement, controversy disagreement"
+corp/o,body,体,Latin,corporation - a company recognized by law as a single body; corpse - a dead body; corporal - pertaining to the body
+cosm/o,universe,宇宙,Greek,cosmonaut - a Russian astronaut; cosmos - the universe; microcosm - a miniature universe
+counter,"opposite, contrary, opposing",反対、反対、反対の,,counteract - to oppose the effects of an action; countermand - to cancel a previous order; counteroffensive - attack against an attack
+cranio,skull,頭蓋骨,Greek,craniology - the study of skull characteristics; cranium - skull of vertebrates; cranial - pertaining to the skull
+cre/a,glow,成長する,Latin,"create -;increase"
+cred,believe,信じます,Latin,"credence - belief that something is true or valid; credulous - believing things too easily, gullible; incredible - unbelievable"
+cruc,cross,クロス,Latin,crucial-characteristic of or having the form of a cross ; crucifix- the cross itself as a Christian emblem; excruciating- so intense as to cause great pain or anguish
+crypto,"hidden, secret",隠された秘密,Greek,cryptic - of hidden meaning; cryptography - science of secret codes; encrypt - encode into secret code
+cumul,"mass, heap",質量、ヒープ,Latin,accumulate - to gather or pile up; cumulative - gradually building up
+"curr, curs",run,ラン,Latin,"concurrent- running parallel; current- flowing easily and smoothly; cursive- having a flowing, easy, impromptu character"
+cycl,"circle, ring",サークル、リング,Greek,bicycle - a vehicle with two wheels; cycle - a sequence that is repeated; cyclone - a storm with circling winds
+de,"reduce, away, down, remove",ダウン、離れて、削減、削除,Latin,"decelerate - to slow down, reduce speed; dethrone - to remove from power; debug - to remove bugs"
+"dec/a, deka",ten,十,Greek,decade - 10 years; decathlon - athletic contest that includes 10 disciplines in which each participant competes; December - formerly the 10th month of the Roman calendar
+deci,one tenth,十分の一,Latin,deciliter - a tenth of a liter; decimate - reduce dramatically; decibel - one tenth of the sound volume unit bel
+dem/o,people,人,Greek,democracy - government of the people; demographic - the study of people; epidemic - spreading among people in a region
+demi,"half, less than",半分未満,Latin,demitasse - a small cup of coffee; demimonde - someone of little respected life style
+dendr/o/i,tree,木,Greek,philodendron - a climbing plant that grows on trees; dendrochronology - dating events by studying growth rings in trees; dendriform - in the shape of a tree
+"dent, dont",tooth,歯,Latin,dental - relating to teeth; dentist - a doctor for the teeth; dentures - a set of false teeth
+derm/a,skin,肌,Greek,"dermatologist - a doctor for the skin; pachyderm - a class of animals with very thick skin (elephant, rhinoceros); dermatitis - inflammation of the skin"
+di/plo,"two, twice",2、二回,Greek,"dichromatic - displaying two colors; diploma - a certificate, literally ""a letter folded double""; dilemma - a situation that requires a choice between two alternatives."
+di/s,"apart, away, not, to the opposite",離れて、離れて、ではない、反対に,Latin,"digression - a departure from the main issue, subject; disappear - to move out of sight; dissect - to cut apart piece by piece."
+dia,"through, between, apart, across",間、離れて、横切って、スルー,Greek,diabetes - disease characterized by excessive thirst and discharge of urine; diagnosis - understanding a condition by going through a detailed review of symptoms; dialog - conversation between two people.
+dict,speak,話します,Latin,contradict - to express the opposite of; prediction - a statement foretelling the future; dictate - to speak out loud for another person to write down.
+domin,master,マスター,Latin,dominate - to be the master of; domineering - excessively controlling; predominate - to have more power than others
+don/at,give,与える,Latin,donation - a contribution or gift; donor - someone who gives something; pardon - to give forgiveness for an offense
+duc/t,lead,鉛,Latin,conduct - to lead musicians in playing music; educate - to lead to knowledge; deduction - a subtraction of an amount.
+du/o,"two, twice",2、二回,Latin,duplicate - make an identical copy; duet - a musical composition for two voices or instruments; duo - a pair normally thought of as being together.
+dur,"harden, to last, lasting",硬く、長持ちし、持続,Latin,durable - having the quality of lasting; duration - the length of time something lasts; enduring - able to last.
+dyn/a/am,"power, energy, strength",パワー、エネルギー、強度,Greek,dynamo - a generator of energy; dynamic - having physical energy/power; dynamite - a powerful explosive.
+dys,"abnormal, bad",悪い、異常,Greek,dyspepsia - abnormal digestion; dystopia - an imaginary place of total misery; dyslexia - impairment of the ability to handle words.
+e,"out, away",アウト、離れて,Latin,eloquent - speaking beautifully and forcefully; emissary - a representative of a country or group sent on a mission; eject - throw out forcefully.
+ego,self,自己,LatinGreek,egoistic - self-centered; alter ego - a higher aspect of oneself; egomania - excessive preoccupation with oneself.
+"em, en","into, cover with, cause",〜の中へ、覆う、原因,,empathy - intention to feel like another person; empower - put into power; engorge - make larger.
+endo,"within, inside",内部に、内,Greek,"endotherm - a creature that can keep its inside temperature fairly constant; endocrine - relating to glands that secrete directly into the blood or lymph; endogamy - the custom to marry within one's clan, tribe etc."
+"enn/i, anni",years,年,Latin,bicentennial - of or relating to an age or period of 200 years; centennial - of or relating to an age or period of 100 years; perennial -lasting through many years.
+"en, in","inside, inwards",内部に、内側に,Latin,envision - to picture in the mind; enclose - lock inside; inwards - towards the inside.
+ep/i,"on, upon, over, among, at, after, to, outside",際に、オーバー、内側の、後に、外側に、上,Greek,epidemic - the rapid spread of something negative; epilogue - a short speech delivered after a play; epicenter - the center of an earthquake.
+equ/i,"equal, equally",等しい、等しく,Latin,"equidistant - an equal distance from two points; equanimity - calm temperament, evenness of temper; equation - a statement of equality."
+erg/o,work,作業,Greek,ergonomics - study of the working environment; energy - the power to accomplish work; energetics - science that looks at energy and its transformation.
+"esth, aesth","feeling, sensation, beauty",感情、感覚、美しさ,Latin,esthetician - someone who beautifies; aesthetic - pertaining to a sense of beauty; kinesthesia - the sensation of bodily movement.
+ethno,"race, people",レース、人々,Greek,ethnic - pertaining to a defined group of people; ethnocentric - focusing on the ethnicity of people; ethnology - the science of people and races.
+eu,"good, well",まあ、良いです,Greek,euphemism - replacing an offensive word with an inoffensive one; euphonious - having a pleasant sound; euphoria - feeling of well-being.
+ex,"from, out,",アウト、から、,Latin,excavate - to dig out; exhale - to breathe out; extract - to pull out.
+"extra, extro","outside, beyond",外に、超えて,Latin,extraordinary - beyond ordinary; extraterrestrial - outside the Earth; extrovert - an outgoing person.
+fac/t,"make, do",作る、やる,Latin,artifact - an object made by a person; factory - a place where things are made; malefact - a person who does wrong.
+fer,"bear, bring, carry",クマ、持参、キャリー,Latin,confer - to bring an honor to someone; ferry - a boat that carries passengers; transfer - to move to another place.
+fid,faith,信仰,Latin,"confide - place trust in someone, fidelity - faithfulness; fiduciary - a trustee;"
+flect,bend,曲がり,Latin,deflect - to bend course because of hitting something; inflection - a bending in the voice's tone or pitch; flexible - easily bending.
+"flor/a, fleur",flower,花,Latin,florist - someone working with flowers; floral - flowerlike; flora - the plant life of a particular time or area
+for,completely (used to intensify the meaning of a word),完全に（単語の意味を強化するために使用される）,,forsaken or forfeited - completely lost; forgiven - completely given (a release of debt).
+fore,"in front of, previous, earlier",以前、目の前で、それ以前,,forebear - ancestor; forebode - to give an advance warning of something bad; forecast - a preview of events to be.
+form,shape,形状,Latin,"conformity- correspondence in form, manner, or character; formation- something that is formed; reformatory- intended for reformation"
+"fract, frag",break,ブレーク,Latin,fracture - a break; fragile - easy to break; fragment or fraction - a part or element of a larger whole;
+fug,"flee, run away, escape",逃げる、逃げる、逃げます,Latin,fugitive - a person who is running away; refuge - a sheltered place to flee to; refugee - a person seeking protection
+funct,"perform, work",、作業を行います,Latin,defunct - no longer working or alive; function - to work or perform a role normally; malfunction - to fail to work correctly.
+fus,pour,注ぎます,Latin,confusion - being flooded with too much information that is hard to make sense of; fuse - to melt by heating; infuse - to put into.
+gastr/o,stomach,胃,Greek,gastric - pertaining to the stomach; gastronomy - serving the stomach by providing good food; gastritis - inflammation of the stomach.
+"gen/o/e, genesis","birth, production, formation, kind",出産、生産、形成、種類,Greek,genealogy - the study of the history of a family; generation - all the people born at approximately the same time; genetic -relating to heredity encoded in the genes.
+geo,"earth, soil, global",土、土壌、グローバル,Greek,geography - study of the earth's surface; geology - study of the structure of the earth; geoponics - soil based agriculture.
+ger,old age,老齢,Greek,geriatrics - medicine pertaining to the elderly; gerontocracy - the rule of the elders; gerontology - the science of aging.
+giga,a billion,10億,Greek,gigabyte - unit of computer storage space; gigahertz - unit of frequency (one billion Hz/sec); gigawatt unit of electric power (one billion watts).
+gon,angle,角度,LatinGreek,decagon - a polygon with 10 angles; diagonal - a slanting line running across a space; octagon - a geometrical figure with 8 angles.
+gram,"letter, written",手紙、書かれた,Greek,diagram - a simple drawing; grammar - rules of how to write words in sentences; telegram - a message sent by telegraph.
+gran,grain,粒,Latin,granary- a storehouse or repository for grain especially after it is threshed or husked; granola- a mixture of rolled oats and other ingredients; granule- a little grain (as of sugar)
+graph/y,"writing, recording, written",書き込み、記録は、書かれた,Greek,Graphology - the study of handwritings; autograph - written with one's own hand; seismograph - a machine noting strength and duration of earthquakes.
+grat,pleasing,快適,Latin,"gratify - to please someone; grateful - feeling thankful; gratuity - a tip, token of appreciation."
+gyn/o/e,"woman, female",女性、女性,Greek,gynecology - the science of female reproductive health; gynephobia - fear of women; gynecoid - resembling a woman.
+"gress, grad/e/i","to step, to go",、ステップする、行く,Latin,"digression - a departure from the main issue, subject, etc.; progress - movement forward or onward; gradual - step by step."
+"hect/o, hecat",hundred,百,Greek,"hectoliter - 100 liters; hectare - metric unit equaling 100 ares or 10,000 square meters; hectometer - 100 meters."
+helic/o,"spiral, circular",スパイラル、円形,Greek,helicopter - an aircraft with horizontal rotating wing; helix - a spiral form; helicon - a circular tuba.
+heli/o,sun,太陽,Greek,heliotropism - movement or growth in relating to the sun; heliograph - apparatus used to send message with the help of sunlight; helianthus - genus of plants including sunflowers.
+hemi,"half, partial",半分、部分的,Greek,hemicycle - a semicircular structure; hemisphere - one half of the earth; hemistich - half a line of poetry.
+hem/o/a,blood,血液,LatinGreek,hemorrhage - clotting of the blood; hemorrhoids - swelling of the blood vessels; hemoglobin - red blood particle.
+hepa,liver,肝,Latin,hepatitis - inflammation of the liver; hepatoma - a tumor of the liver; hepatotoxic - toxic and damaging to the liver.
+hept/a,seven,セブン,Greek,heptagon - a shape with seven angles and seven sides; Heptateuch - the first seven books of the Old Testament; heptameter - a line of verse consisting of seven metrical feet.
+herbi,"grass, plant",草、植物,Latin,"herbicide - any chemical used to kill unwanted plants, etc.; herbivorous - plant-eating; herbal - relating to plants."
+hetero,"different, other",その他、異なります,Greek,heterogeneous - made up of unrelated parts; heteronyms - words with same spelling but different meanings; heterodox - not conforming to traditional beliefs.
+hex/a,six,六,Greek,hexagon - a shape with six angles/sides; hexameter - a verse measured in six; hexapod - having six legs.
+histo,tissue,ティッシュ,Greek,histology - study of the microscopic structure of tissues; histochemistry - study of the chemical constitution of cells and tissues.
+"homo, homeo","like, alike, same",以下のように、同様に、同じ,LatinGreek,"homogeneous - of the same nature or kind; homonym - sounding alike; homeopath - a therapy that is based on treating ""same with same"""
+hydr/o,"liquid, water",液体、水,Greek,hydrate - to add water to; hydrophobia - intense fear of water; hydroponics - growing plants in liquid nutrient solution; hydraulic - operated by force created by a liquid.
+hygr/o,"moisture, humidity",水分、湿度,Greek,hygrometer - tool used to measure humidity; hygrograph - instrument for recording variations in atmospheric humidity.
+hyper,"too much, over, excessive, beyond",超えて、オーバー、過度の、あまりにも多くの,LatinGreek,hyperactive - very restless; hypercritical - too critical; hypertension - above normal pressure.
+hyp/o,under,下,Greek,hypoglycemia - an abnormally low level of sugar in the blood; hypothermia - abnormally low body temperature; hypothesis - a theory that is unproven but used under the assumption that it is true.
+iatr/o,medical care,医療,Greek,geriatrics - medical care of the elderly; pediatrician - a doctor who treats children; podiatry - medical care for feet.
+icon/o,image,画像,LatinGreek,"icon - an (often religious) image, in modern usage a simplified graphic of high symbolic content; iconology - science of symbols and icons; iconoclast - someone who destroys religious images and traditional beliefs."
+idio,"peculiar, personal, distinct",明確な、個人的な、独特,Greek,idiomatic - Peculiar to a particular language; idiosyncracy - a physical or mental characteristic typical or a particular person; idiot - someone who is distinctly foolish or stupid.
+"il, in","in, into",中,Latin,"illuminate - to give light to; innovation - a new idea, method, or device; inspection - the act of examining or reviewing."
+"ig, il, im, in, ir","not, without",ない、なし,Latin,illegal - not legal; impossible - not possible; inappropriate - not appropriate; irresponsible - not responsible.
+imag,likeness,似顔絵,Latin,image - a likeness of someone; imaginative - able to think up new ideas or images; imagine - to form a picture or likeness in the mind.
+infra,"beneath, below",下に、下記の,Latin,infrastructure - underlying framework of a system; infrared - below the regular light spectrum.
+inter,"between, among, jointly",共同で、間、間,Latin,international - involving two or more countries; intersection - place where roads come together; intercept - to stop or interrupt the course of.
+"intra, intro","within, inside",内部に、内,Latin,intrastate - existing in one state; intravenous - inside or into a vein; introvert - shy person who keeps within him/herself.
+ir,not,ではない,Latin,irredeemable - not redeemable; irreformable - not reformable; irrational - not rational.
+iso,equal,等しい,,isobar - a line on a map connecting points of equal barometric pressure; isometric - having equality of measure; isothermal - having equal or constant temperature.
+ject,throw,スロー,Latin,eject - to throw someone/something out; interject - to throw a remark into a discussion; project - to cast or throw something.
+jud,law,法律,Latin,judgment - a decision of a court of law; judicial - having to do with judges or courts of law; judiciary - a system of courts of law.
+junct,join,加わる,Latin,conjunction - a word that joins parts of sentences; disjunction - a disconnection; junction - a place where two things join.
+juven,young,若い,Latin,juvenile - youthful or childish; rejuvenate - to bring back to youthful strength or appearance.
+kilo,thousand,千,Greek,"kilobyte - 1,000 bytes; kilometer - 1,000 meter; kilograms - 1,000 grams."
+"kine/t, mat","motion, division",運動、分裂,Greek,kinetics - study of the force of motion; psychokinesis or telekinesis - the ability to move objects with your mind; cinematography - motion picture making.
+lab,work,作業,Latin,collaborate - to work with a person; elaborate - to work out the details; laborious - requiring a lot of hard work.
+lact/o,milk,ミルク,Latin,"lactate - to give milk, nurse; lactose - the sugar contained in milk; lactic acid."
+later,side,側,Latin,bilateral - of or involving two sides; unilateral - affecting one side of something.
+"leuk/o, leuc/o","white, colorless",無色、白,Greek,"leukemia - abnormal increase of white blood cells in the blood; leukocyte - a mature white blood cell; leucine - a white, crystalline amino acid."
+lex,"word, law, reading",単語、法律、読書,Greek,lexicology - the study and history of words; alexia -loss of the ability to read; illegal - not authorized by the official rules or laws.
+liber,free,自由な,Latin,"liberate - to set free; libertine - a person with a free, wild lifestyle; liberty - freedom."
+lingu,"language, tongue",言語、舌,Latin,"linguist - one who studies languages; multilingual - able to communicate in multiple languages; linguine - long, flat ""tongue-shaped"" pasta."
+lip/o,fat,脂肪,Greek,liposuction - the mechanical removal of fat reserves in the tissue; lipase - enzyme that breaks down fat; lipoid - resembling fat.
+"lite, ite, lith/o","mineral, rock, fossil",ミネラル、岩、化石,Greek,"apatite - a group of common minerals; granite - a hard, granular rock; monolith - a remarkable, unique stone."
+loc,place,場所,Latin,dislocate - to put something out of its usual place; location - a place; relocate - to move to a new place.
+log/o,"word, doctrine, discourse",単語、教義、談話,Greek,"logic - correct reasoning; monologue - a long speech by one speaker;analogy - similarity, especially between things otherwise dissimilar."
+"loqu, locu",speak,話す,Latin,eloquent - speaking beautifully and forcefully ; loquacious - very talkative; elocution - art of public speaking.
+luc,light,光,Latin,"elucidate - to explain, to throw light on; lucid - easily understood, giving off light; translucent - allowing light through."
+"lud, lus",to play,再生、演奏、行うこと,Latin,"prelude - introduction to the major performance; illusion - misleading optical image or impression; delude - to mislead, deceive."
+lumin,light,光,Latin,illuminate - to fill with light; lumen - unit measuring light.
+lun/a/i,moon,月,Latin,lunar - relating to the moon; lunarscape - the surface of the moon; lunatic - insane (as if driven mad by the moon).
+macro,"large, great",大規模な、素晴らしいです,Greek,macroevolution - large scale evolution; macromolecule - a large molecule; macroeconomics - study of the overall forces of economy.
+magn/i,"great, large",大規模な、素晴らしいです,Latin,"magnify - make larger; magnificent - grand; magnate - a powerful person, especially in business or industry."
+mal/e,"bad, ill, wrong",間違った、病気、悪いです,Latin,"malcontent - wrong content; malaria - ""bad air"", infectious disease thought to originate from the ""bad air"" of the swamps, but caused by the bite of an infected mosquito; malicious - showing strong ill will."
+man/i/u,hand,ハンド,Latin,maneuver - to move by hand; manual - done with the hands; manuscript - a book written by hand.
+mand,to order,注文する,Latin,command - an order or instruction; demand - a hard-to-ignore order; mandate - an official order.
+mania,"madness, insanity, excessive desire",狂気、狂気、過度の欲望,Greek,bibliomania - a crazy love of books; egomania - a mad love of oneself; maniac an insane person.
+mar/i,sea,海,Latin,marina - a harbor for pleasure boats; maritime - relating to the sea; submarine - an undersea boat; aquamarine - color of sea water.
+"mater, matr/i",mother,母,Latin,maternal - relating to motherhood; maternity - the state of being a mother; matriarch - a woman head of a household.
+max,greatest,最大,Latin,maximal - the best or greatest possible; maximize - to make as great as possible; maximum - the greatest amount.
+medi,middle,中間,Latin,medieval - pertaining to the Middle Ages; medium - in the middle; mediocre - only of medium (inferior) quality.
+mega,"great, large, million",偉大な、大規模な、万人,Greek,megalopolis - an area with many nearby cities; megaphone - a device that projects a loud voice; megastructure - huge building or other structure.
+melan/o,black,黒,Greek,"melancholy - a state of dark emotions; melanoma - malignant dark tumor of the skin; melodrama - a dark, pathetic drama."
+memor/i,remember,思い出す,Latin,"commemorate - to honor the memory of, as by a ceremony; memorial - related to remembering a person or event; memory: an ability to retain knowledge or an individual's stock of retained knowledge."
+"merge, mers","dip, dive",ディップ、ダイビング,Latin,immerge or immerse - to put or dip something into a liquid; submerge to dip something completely into wate.r
+meso,middle,中間,LatinGreek,Mesoamerica - Middle America; meson - elementary particle with a mass between an electron and a proton.
+meta,"change, after, beyond, between",間で、超えて、後に、変更,Greek,metaphysics - study of nature and reality; metamorphosis - a complete change of form; metastasis - the transmission of disease to other parts of the body.
+"meter, metr/y",measure,計測,Greek,audiometer- an instrument that measures hearing acuteness; chronometer- an instrument that measures time; metric - measured.
+micro,"very small, short, minute",非常に小さい、短い分,Greek,microbe - a very small living thing; microchip - a tiny wafer with an integrated circuit; microscope - a device to see very small things.
+mid,middle,中間,LatinGreek,midriff - the area between the chest and the waist; midterm - middle of a term in school; midway - halfway between.
+migr,move,動き,Latin,immigrant - a person who moves to a new country to settle; migrant - person who moves from place to place; migration - the process of moving.
+milli,onethousandth,onethousandth,Latin,millimeter - one thousandth of a meter; millibar - one thousandth of a bar; milliliter - one thousandth of a liter.
+min/i,"small, less",以下、小さな,Latin,mini - something that is very small; minuscule - extremely tiny; minutiae - very small or trivial details.
+mis/o,"bad, badly, wrong, wrongly, to hate",悪い、悪い、間違った、間違って、嫌いに,Greek,misbehave - to behave badly; misprint - an error in printing; misnomer - an error in naming a person or thing.
+"miss, mit","send, let go",手放す、送信,Latin,dismiss - to send someone away; missile - a weapon sent into the air; emit - to send something out; admittance - entry.
+mob,move,動き,Latin,immobilize - to stop from moving; mobile - able to move freely; mobility - the quality of being able to move.
+mon/o,"one, single, alone",1、シングル、一人で,Greek,monochromat - having one color; monologue - a speech spoken by one person; monotheism - belief in one god.
+"mot, mov",move,動き,Latin,motion - the act of moving; motivate - to move someone to action; promote to move someone forward; removable - able to be taken or carried away.
+morph/o,form,形,Greek,metamorphosis - complete change of form; endorphins - chemical in the brain able to transform pain; amorphous - without distinct shape or form.
+mort,death,死,Latin,"immortal - living forever, unable to die; mortal - certain to die; mortician - an undertaker."
+multi,"many, more than one or two",1または2以上の、多くの,Latin,multicolored - having many colors; multimedia - using a range of media; multitasking - doing many things at once.
+mut,change,変化する,Latin,immutable - not changing; mutant - an organism that has undergone change; mutate - to undergo a change.
+my/o,muscle,筋,Latin,myocardium - the middle muscle of the heart; myasthenia - muscle fatigue or weakness; myosin - common protein in muscle tissue.
+narr,tell,伝えます,Latin,narrate - to tell a story; narrative - a story; narrator - a person who tells a story.
+nat,born,うまれた,Latin,"innate - included since birth; natal - relating to birth; natural - gotten at birth, not afterward."
+nav,ship,船,Latin,circumnavigate - to sail around a place; naval - relating to a navy or warships; navigate - to sail a ship through a place.
+necr/o,"dead, death",死んだ死,Greek,necrophil - loving death; necrosis - the death of tissue due to disease or injury; necrology - a list of persons who have recently died.
+neg,no,いいえ,Latin,"negate - to say it didn't happen; negative - meaning ""no""; renege - to go back on a promise."
+neo,"new, recent",最近、新しい,,"neoclassic - a revival of classic form, neocolonialism - the indirect (""new"") economical and political control of a region by a more powerful foreign power; neonatal - a newborn child, especially the first few weeks."
+nephr/o,kidney,腎臓,Greek,"nephritis - inflammation of the kidneys; nephrotomy - surgical incision of a kidney; nephron - a single, excretory unit in the kidney."
+neur/o,nerve,神経,Greek,neuralgia - pain along a nerve; neurologist - doctor specializing in the nerves; neurotic - mental disorder that usually does not include an impaired perception of reality.
+nom/in,name,名,Latin,"misnomer - an error in naming a person or thing; nominal - being something in name only but not in reality; nominate - to name for election or appointment, to designate."
+non,"no, not, without",なし、以外、ではない,Latin,"nondescript - with no special characteristics; nonfiction - true, real, not made-up; nonsense - without sense."
+not,mark,マーク,Latin,notable - marked as worthy of attention; notarize - to certify a signature on a legal document; annotate - to add remarks.
+"noun, nunc",declare,宣言する,Latin,announce - to declare in public; denounce - to proclaim harsh criticism; enunciate - to speak or declare something clearly.
+nov,new,新しい,Latin,innovate - to introduce a new way; novelty - something new; novice - a person who is new at a job; renovate - to make something like new again.
+numer,number,数,Latin,enumerate - to name a number of items on a list; numerology - the study of magical uses of numbers; numerous - a large number.
+"ob, op","in the way, against",方法で、反対,Latin,object - to be against something; obscure - hard to understand; opposition - the act of resistance or action against.
+oct/a/o,eight,8,Greek,octagon - a figure with 8 sides and 8 angles; octogenarian - person in his or her 80s; octopus - sea animal with 8 arms.
+ocu,eye,眼,Latin,binoculars - lens device for seeing distances; monocula - relating to one eye; oculist - an eye doctor.
+od,"path, way",パス、道,Greek,"diode - an electron tube having two electrodes, a cathode and an anode; odometer - an instrument attached to a vehicle to measure the distance traversed; triode - an electron tube with an anode, a cathode, and a control grid"
+odor,"smell, scent",香り、香り,Latin,deodorant - a substance that helps prevent body odor; malodorous - having a terribly bad smell; odoriferous- something that bears or diffuses a scent
+omni,all,すべて,Latin,omnipotent - with all the power; omniscient - knowing all things; omnivorous eating all foods.
+op/t/s,"eye, visual condition, sight",眼、視覚症状、視力,Greek,optic - relating to the eyes; optician - a person who fits eyeglasses; autopsy - the examination of a dead body.
+opt,best,ベスト,Latin,"optimal - the best, the most desirable; optimize - to make the best of; optimum - the best something could be."
+ortho,straight,まっすぐ,Greek,orthodontist - a dentist that straightens teeth; orthopedic - a doctor concerned with the proper alignment of the bones; orthography - the correct way of writing.
+osteo,bone,骨,Greek,osteoarthritis - inflammation caused by degeneration of the joints; osteopathy - therapy that uses among others manipulation of the skeleton to restore health; osteology - the study of bones.
+out,"goes beyond, surpasses, exceeds",、超えて上回る、超えます,,"Outgoing - being of lively, sharing nature; outdoing - doing better than; outdoor - outside."
+over,excessive,過大,English,"overconfident - more confident than is appropriate; overstock - more supplies than is desirable; overexcited - ,more excited than one should be."
+"oxi, oxy",sharp,シャープ,Greek,oxymoron - combining two ideas that sharply contradict each other; oxidize - corrode a surface.
+pale/o,ancient,古代の,Greek,paleontology - study of ancient fossils; paleography - the study of ancient forms of writing; Paleolithic - period of the Stone Age.
+pan,"all, any, everyone",すべての、任意の、誰も,Greek,panacea - a cure for all diseases or problems; panorama - an all-around view; pantheism - the worship of all gods; pandemic - affecting all.
+para,"beside, beyond, abnormal, assistant",横に、超えた、異常な、アシスタント,Greek,parasite - an organism that lives on and off another living being; parallel - alongside and always an equal distance apart; paragraph - a portion of a writtenn document that presents a distinct idea.
+para,protection from,からの保護,,parachute - protection from falling; parasol - an umbrella used to protect from the sun;
+"pater, patr/i",father,お父さん,LatinGreek,paternal - relating to fathers; paternity - fatherhood; patriarch - a man who rules a group.
+path,"feeling, emotion",気持ち、感情,,antipathy - a feeling of great dislike; apathy - a lack of feeling or interest; empathy - ability to understand another's feelings.
+ped/i/e,"foot, feet",足、足,Latin,pedal - a lever pushed by the foot; pedestrian - one who walks; pedicure - cosmetic treatment of feet and toes.
+pel,"drive, force",ドライブ、力,Latin,compel - to force someone to act; expel - to drive someone out of a place; repel - to force back.
+pent/a,five,五,Greek,"pentagon - shape having 5 angles and 5 sides, pentagram - a five-pointed star formerly used as a symbolic figure in magic; pentathlon - an athletic contest that includes five events."
+"pept, peps",digestion,消化,Greek,dyspepsia - abnormal digestion; peptic - aiding digestion; pepsin - a digestive enzyme.
+per,"through, throughout",全体を通じて、,Latin,permanent - lasting throughout all time; permeate - to spread throughout; persist - to continue for a long time; perennial - lasting through many years.
+peri,"around, enclosing",周りに、囲み,Greek,periodontal - pertaining to bone and tissue around a tooth; peripheral - lying outside of the center; perimeter - the outer boundary of an area.
+phag/e,to eat,たべる,Greek,esophagus - muscular tube that carries food to the stomach; anthropophagy or sarcophagy - cannibalism; xylophagous - feeding on wood.
+phil/o,"love, friend",愛、友人,Greek,philanthropist - one who loves humanity; philology - the love of words; philosophy - the love of wisdom; bibliophil - loving books.
+phon/o/e/y,sound,音,Greek,"cacophony - loud, unpleasant sounds; microphone - a device that records and amplifies sound; phonetic - relating to human speech sounds."
+phot/o,light,光,Greek,photogenic - caused by light; photograph - image made on light-sensitive film; photon - the smallest possible unit of light.
+phyll/o,leaf,葉,Greek,"chlorophyll - a group of green pigments found in leaves; phyllotaxis - the arrangement of leaves on a stem; phyllite - a rock that forms sheets, similar to slate."
+phys,"nature, medicine, the body",自然、医学、体,Greek,physical - relating to the body; physician - a doctor; physique - nature and shape of one's body.
+phyt/o/e,"plant, to grow",成長する植物、,Greek,"epiphyte - a plant growing independently on the surface of another; hydrophyte - a plant that grows only in water; neophyte - a beginner, especially a person recently converted to a new belief."
+plas/t/m,"to form, development, forming cells",型どる、開発する、細胞を形成する,Greek,"protoplasm - something that is the first made or formed, also the living portion of a cell; plastic - able to be formed, especially when warm; plaster - a mixture of lime, sand and water that forms a smooth solid covering for walls."
+"plaud, plod, plaus, plos","approve, clap",拍手、承認,Latin,applaud- to show approval of especially by clapping the hands; explosion- an act of exposing something as invalid or baseless; plausible- worthy of being applauded
+pneum/o,"breathing, lung, air, spirit",呼吸、肺、空気、精神,Greek,pneumonia - inflammation of the lungs; pneumatic - using the force of air; dyspnea - difficulty breathing.
+pod/e,foot,足,Greek,podiatrist - a doctor for the feet; podium - a small platform to stand on; tripod - a stand or frame with 3 legs.
+poli,city,シティ,Greek,metropolis - a large city; police - people who work for the government to maintain order in a city; politics - actions of a government or political party.
+poly,"many, more than one",多くの、複数の,Greek,polychrome - with many colors; polyglot - a person fluent in many languages; polygon - shape with 3 or more straight sides.
+pon,"place, put",場所、置きます,Latin,"opponent - a person who places him/herself against an action, idea, etc.; postpone - to put off doing something."
+pop,people,人,Latin,popular - appealing to a lot of people; population - all of the people who live in a particular area; populist - a supporter of the rights of people.
+port,carry,キャリー,Latin,export - to carry goods out of a place to another; portable - able to be carried; porter - a person who carries luggage.
+pos,"place, put",場所、置きます,Latin,deposit - to place or drop something; expose to place out into the open for all to see; position - the place where someone is.
+post,"after, behind",後に、背後,Latin,posthumous - after someone's death; postpone - to delay something; postscript - an addition to an already completed document.
+pre,"earlier, before, in front of",以前、前に、目の前で,Latin,preamble - a part in front of a formal document; prepare - to get ready in advance; prediction - a statement foretelling the future.
+pro,"before, in front of, for, forward",前に、のために、目の前で、前方,GreekLatin,prognosis - a prediction of what will happen; prologue - a passage before the main part; prophet - a person who foretells the future.
+prot/o,"primitive, first, chief",プリミティブ、まず、チーフ,Greek,prototype - the first of a kind; proton - on of the very basic parts of an atom; protocol - a first draft from which a document is prepared.
+pseud/o,"wrong,false",間違った、偽,Greek,pseudonym - a fictitious name; pseudoscience - theories presumed without proof of a scientific nature; pseudopregnancy - a false pregnancy.
+psych/o,"mind, mental",心、精神,Greek,psyche - the human spirit or soul; psychic - relating to the human mind or someone who has supernatural mental abilities; psychology - the study of the mind.
+"pugn/a, pung",to fight,戦いへ,Latin,"pugnacious - having a quarrelsome or aggressive nature; repugnant - distasteful, offensive or revolting; pungent - piercing."
+pul,urge,衝動,,compulsion - a very strong urge; expulsion - to someone out; impulsive - having a spontaneous urge to do something.
+purg,clean,クリーン,Latin,purge - remove anything undesirable; purgatory - according to Roman Catholics a place where souls must clean themselves of sin; expurgate - remove objectionable passages from a publication.
+put,think,考えます,Latin,computer - an electronic thinking device; dispute - to disagree with what another person thinks; input - contribution of one's thinking.
+pyr/o,"fire, heat",火、熱,Greek,pyrotechnics - the art of making fireworks; pyrometer - a thermometer for measuring high temperature; pyretic - relating to or producing fever.
+quad/r/ri,four,四,Latin,quadrant - open space with buildings on 4 sides; quadrennium - period of 4 years; quadruped - a 4-footed animal.
+quart,fourth,第4,Latin,quarter - one fourth; quart - a fourth of a gallon; quartet - a musical composition or group involving 4 voices or instruments.
+quin/t,"five, fifth",5、第五,Latin,"quintett - a composition for 5 voices or instruments; quintessence - pure essence, based on the ancient philosophy that there was a fifth element that was present in all things; quintuple - fivefold."
+"radic, radix",root,ルート,Latin,"eradicate - pull out at the roots; radical - fundamental, looking at things from a drastic point of view; radish - an edible root of the mustard family."
+radio,"radiation, ray",放射線、X線,,radioactive - emitting radiation; radiologist - someone diagnosing or treating via radiation.
+ram/i,branch,ブランチ,Latin,ramification - the resulting consequence of a decision; ramify - to spread or branch out; ramus - a branchlike part.
+re,"again, back, backward",再び、背中、後方,Latin,rebound -to spring back again; rewind - to wind something backward; reaction: a response; recognize: to identify someone or something seen before.
+reg,"guide, rule",ガイド、ルール,Latin,regent - a person who rules on behalf of a king or queen; regime - a government that rules; regulate - to apply a rule.
+retro,"backward, back",後方に、バック,Latin,retroactive - relating to something in the past; retrogress - to go back to an earlier condition; retrospect - the remembering of past events.
+rhin/o,nose,鼻,Greek,rhinoceros - a species of animals with a big horn on the snout; rhinoplasty - surgery of the nose; rhinovirus - viruses that are causing the common cold.
+rhod/o,red,赤,Greek,rhododendron - a flower with red/pink flowers; rhodium - an element which produces a red solution; rhodopsin - a purple pigment in the retina that is needed for vision.
+rid,laugh,笑い,Latin,"deride - to make fun of someone; ridicule - to make fun or mock; ridiculous - silly, causing laughter."
+rrh/ea/oea/ag,"flow, discharge",流れ、放電,LatinGreek,"diarrhea - abnormally excessive bowl movement; hemorrhage - heavy blood flow; catarrh - inflammation of a mucous membrane, especially the nose and throat."
+rub,red,赤,Latin,ruby - deep red color and a precious stone of the same color; rubella - measles; bilirubin - reddish pigment in bile.
+rupt,"break, burst",休憩、バースト,Latin,"bankrupt - unable to pay because you're ""broke""; interrupt - to break into a conversation or event, to disturb; rupture - a break in something."
+san,health,健康,Latin,sane - mentally healthy; sanitary - relating to cleanliness and health; sanitation - maintenance of public health and cleanliness.
+scend,"climb, go",登る、行く,Latin,ascend - to climb upward; crescendo - a climbing up of the volume of music; descend - to go or climb down.
+sci,know,知っています,Latin,conscience - sense of knowing right from wrong; conscious - knowing what is happening; omniscient - knowing everything.
+scler/o,hard,ハード,Greek,arteriosclerosis - hardening of the arterial walls; multiple sclerosis - disease which causes the tissue of the brain and spinal cord to harden; sclerometer - instrument for measuring hardness.
+scop/e/y,"see, examine, observe",見る、調べる、観察,Greek,microscope - a device used to see tiny things; periscope - a seeing instrument on a submarine; telescope - a device used to see over a distance.
+"scrib, script","write, written",書かれた、書き込み,Latin,inscribe - to write letters or words on a surface; scribe - a person who writes out documents; describe - to represent with words or pictures.
+se,apart,別として,Latin,secede - to formally break away from; seclude - to keep away from; serum - a liquid isolated out of another.
+sect,cut,カット,Latin,dissect - to cut apart piece by piece; intersection - the place or point where two things cross each other; bisect - to cut into two equal parts.
+"sed, sid, sess",sit,座ります,Latin,reside- be stationed; sediment- the matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid; session- an actual or constructive sitting of a body
+self,"of, for, or by itself",のために、またはそれ自体で,,self-discipline - the ability to discipline yourself; self-respect - respect for yourself; selfish concerned only with your own interests.
+semi,"half, partial",半分、部分的,Latin,semiannual - every half year; semicircle - half a circle; semiconscious - partly conscious; semiannual - every half of a year.
+sept/i,seven,セブン,Latin,September - this used to be the seventh month in the Roman calendar; septet - a group of seven musicians; septuagenarian - a person in his/her seventies.
+serv,"save, keep",保存、維持,Latin,conserve - to save or keep something safe; preserve - to save something; reservation - a place kept for a person.
+sex,six,六,Latin,"sextet or sextette - a composition or group of six, sextuple - sixfold; sexagenarian - person in his/her sixties."
+sol,alone,一人で,Latin,"desolate - lonely, dismal, gloomy; solitary - done alone, by yourself; solo - a performance done by one person alone."
+sol,sun,太陽,Latin,solar - involving the sun; parasol - umbrella protecting from the sun; solarium - a room where one is exposed to sun light.
+somn/i,sleep,睡眠,Latin,insomnia - inability to fall asleep; somniloquy - talking in your sleep; somnolent - feeling sleepy.
+son,sound,音,Latin,"consonant - a speech sound; sonorous - producing loud, full, rich sounds; supersonic - faster than sound; unison - as one voice."
+soph,wise,賢い,Greek,philosopher - a wise person; sophisticated - wise about the ways of the world; sophism - a clever but misleading argument.
+"spec/t, spic","see, look",見る、見て,Latin,"circumspect - cautious, looking all around; retrospective - a looking back at past things; spectator - a person who sees an event."
+sphere,ball,玉,Greek,biosphere - the whole round surface of the earth; hemisphere - half the earth spherically shaped like a ball.
+spir,breathe,息をします,Latin,inspire - to stimulate or animate; transpire - to give of vapor with waste product through the skin or a membrane; spirit - invisible life force.
+sta,stand,スタンド,Latin,"stable - standing steady and firm; stagnant - standing still, not moving; stationary - at a standstill, fixed."
+stell,star,星,Latin,constellation - a group of stars that forms a pattern; interstellar - between the stars; stellar - relating to stars.
+struct,build,築きます,Latin,construct - to build; destruction - the act of destroying something that was built; structure - something built; infrastructure - underlying framework of a system.
+sub,"under, lower than, inferior to",に劣る、より低く、下,Latin,submarine - an underwater boat; submerge - to put underwater; substandard - inferior to accepted standards.
+sum,highest,最高,Latin,"sum - the combined total of everything; summation - the total, highest amount; summit the highest point or top."
+super,higher in quality or quantity,品質や量が高い,Latin,"Super bowl - the final annual football game; superior - above average, better in quality; supersonic - faster than the speed of sound."
+sy/m/n/l/s,"together, with, same",一緒に、〜と、同じ,Greek,"symmetry -similarity in size, form or arrangement; synergy - the combined effect; synchronize - to cause to occur at the same time."
+"tact, tang",touch,タッチ,Latin,contact - a state in which two things touch; tactile - relating to the sense of touch; tangible - able to be touched; intact - with nothing missing.
+tax/o,arrangement,配置,Greek,syntax - the systematic arrangement of words; taxonomy - the science of classification; ataxia - loss of the ability to coordinate muscle action.
+techno,"technique, skill",技術、技能,Greek,technology - the practical application of knowledge; technocracy - rule of technology; technologically - characterized by technology.
+tel/e/o,"far, distant, complete",遠く、遠く、完全な,Greek,"telephone - a device to talk to a distant person; telescope - a device to view distant objects; television - a device to receive pictures from afar; telecommuting - working remotely, bridging the distance via virtual devices."
+temp/or,time,時間,Latin,contemporary- existing at the same time; temporal - relating to time; temporary - lasting for a limited time.
+"ten, tin, tent",hold,ホールド,Latin,"continent- serving to restrain or limit; detention- the act or fact of detaining, tenacious- having parts or elements strongly adhering to each other"
+"ter, trit",rub,こする,Latin,"attrition- the act of rubbing together or wearing down; detritus- a product of disintegration or wearing away; trite- used or occurring so often as to have lost interest, freshness, or force"
+term/ina,"end, limit",終わり、リミット,Latin,determine - to find something out at the end of an investigation; terminate - to end; exterminate - to destroy or get rid of completely.
+terr/a/i,"land, earth",土地、地球,Latin,extraterrestrial - existing outside the earth; terrain - ground or land; territory - an area of land.
+tetra,four,四,Latin,tetrapod - having 4 legs; tetrarchy - government by 4 rulers; tetrose - a monosaccharide with four carbon atoms.
+the,put,プット,Greek,bibliotheca- a list or catalog of books; theme- a proposition for discussion or argument; thesis- a dissertation embodying results of original research and especially substantiating a specific view
+the/o,god,神,Greek,"monotheism - belief in one god; polytheism - worshiping more than one god; theology - the study of religion, god, etc."
+therm/o,heat,熱,Greek,thermal - relating to heat; thermos - an insulated jar that keeps heat in; thermostat - a device that controls heat.
+tort,twist,ねじれ,Latin,contortion - a twisted shape or position; distort - to alter the shape or condition of; retort - reply in a manner that is supposed to change the effect of something previously said.
+tox,poison,毒,Latin,detoxification - the process of removing poisons; toxic - poisonous; toxicology - the study of poisons; intoxicated - influenced by drugs.
+tract,"pull, drag",プル、ドラッグ,Latin,attract - to pull objects nearer; distract - to drag attention away from something; tractor - a motor vehicle that pulls things.
+trans,"across,beyond, through",、越えて、越えて,Latin,transcontinental - across the continent; transfer - to move from one place to another; transport - to carry something across a space.
+tri,"three, once in every three, third",3に1回、3で、第三,GreekLatin,triangle - a figure with 3 sides and 3 angles; triathlon - an athletic contest with 3 events; tricycle - a 3-wheeI vehicle with pedals.
+ultra,"beyond, extreme, more than",超えて、極大、〜よりも,Latin,ultrahigh - extremely high; ultramodern - more modern than anything else; ultrasonic - sound waves beyond human hearing.
+un,"not,opposite of, lacking",ない、反対の、欠けている,Latin,unabridged - not shortened; unfair - opposite of fair; unfriendly - lacking friendliness.
+uni,"one, single",1、単一,Latin,unicycle - a vehicle with one wheel; unilateral - decided by only one person or nation; unique - the only one of its kind; unison - as one voice.
+urb,city,シティ,Latin,suburb - residential area on the edge of a city; urban - relating to a city; urbanology - the study of city life.
+vac,empty,空の,Latin,"evacuate - to empty a dangerous place; vacant - empty, not occupied; vacation - a time without work."
+ven/t,come,来ます,Latin,circumvent - to go around or bypass restrictions; convention - a gathering or assembly of people with a common interest; intervene - to come between.
+ver/i,truth,真実,Latin,"veracious - truthful, honest; veracity - the truth; verify - to make sure that something is true."
+verb,word,ワード,Latin,verbalize - to put into words; adverb - a word relating to a verb; proverb - a short saying that expresses a well-known truth.
+"vers, vert",turn,順番,Latin,reverse - to turn around; introvert - being turned towards the inside; version - a variation of an original; controversy - a conversation in which positions are turned against each other.
+vice,"acting in place of, next in rank",次のランクでは、の代わりに演技,Latin,vice-president - the person next in rank to the president
+vid,see,見る,Latin,evident clearly seen
+"vince, vic",conquer,征服します,Latin,convince - to win someone over; invincible - not able to be conquered; victory - the conquest of an enemy.
+"vis, vid",see,見る,Latin,vision - the ability to see; envision - to picture in the mind; evident - clearly visible.
+"viv/i, vit","live, life",生きる,Latin,revival - the act of bringing back to life; vital - pertaining to live; vivacious - high-spirited and full of life.
+voc/i,"voice, call",音声電話,Latin,advocate - to speak in favor of; equivocate - to use misleading language that could be interpreted two different ways; vocalize - to produce with your voice.
+vol/i/u,"wish, will",、なりたいです,Latin,"benevolent - showing good will and kindness; volition - the act of making a choice or decision, voluntary - resulting from your own free will."
+"vor, vour",eat,食べる,Latin,carnivorous - meat-eating; voracious - desiring or eating food in great quantities; devour - to eat quickly.
+xanth,yellow,黄,Latin,xanthium- a genus of coarse and rough or spiny herbs; xanthochromia- yellowish discoloration (as of the skin or cerebrospinal fluid); xanthogenic
+xen/o,foreign,外国の,Greek,xenophobic - afraid of foreigners; xenogenesis - the creation of offspring that is completely different from either parent; xenophile - attracted to foreigners.
+xer/o/i,dry,ドライ,Greek,xerophyte - a plant that grows in dry climate; xerography - a dry photocopying process; xeric - requiring small amounts of moisture.
+xyl,wood,木材,Greek,xylocarp; xyloid- resembling wood; xylophone-an organ percussion stop of similar tone quality
+zo/o,animal life,動物の生活,Greek,zoology - study of animals; zooid - resembling an animal; zooplankton - minute floating aquatic animals.
+zyg/o,pair,ペア,Greek,zygote - a cell formed by the union of two gametes and the organism developing from that; zygomorphic - pertaining to organisms that can be divided into symmetrical halves along one axis only.
+fort,strong,強い,Latin,fortify - to strengthen