rj_schema 0.2.4 → 1.0.1
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- checksums.yaml +4 -4
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/CHANGELOG.md +158 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/CMakeLists.txt +248 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/CMakeModules/FindGTestSrc.cmake +30 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/RapidJSON.pc.in +7 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/RapidJSONConfig.cmake.in +25 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/RapidJSONConfigVersion.cmake.in +10 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/appveyor.yml +102 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/data/abcde.txt +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/data/glossary.json +22 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/data/menu.json +27 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/data/readme.txt +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/data/sample.json +3315 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/data/webapp.json +88 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/data/widget.json +26 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/draft-04/schema +150 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf16be.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf16bebom.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf16le.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf16lebom.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf32be.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf32bebom.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf32le.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf32lebom.json +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf8.json +7 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/encodings/utf8bom.json +7 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail1.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail10.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail11.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail12.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail13.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail14.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail15.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail16.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail17.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail18.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail19.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail2.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail20.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail21.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail22.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail23.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail24.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail25.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail26.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail27.json +2 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail28.json +2 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail29.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail3.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail30.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail31.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail32.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail33.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail4.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail5.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail6.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail7.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail8.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/fail9.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/pass1.json +58 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/pass2.json +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/pass3.json +6 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonchecker/readme.txt +3 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/LICENSE +19 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/README.md +148 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/bin/jsonschema_suite +283 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/remotes/folder/folderInteger.json +3 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/remotes/integer.json +3 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/remotes/subSchemas.json +8 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/additionalItems.json +82 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/additionalProperties.json +88 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/default.json +49 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/dependencies.json +108 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/disallow.json +80 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/divisibleBy.json +60 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/enum.json +71 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/extends.json +94 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/items.json +46 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/maxItems.json +28 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/maxLength.json +33 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/maximum.json +42 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/minItems.json +28 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/minLength.json +33 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/minimum.json +42 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/optional/bignum.json +107 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/optional/format.json +222 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/optional/jsregex.json +18 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/optional/zeroTerminatedFloats.json +15 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/pattern.json +34 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/patternProperties.json +110 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/properties.json +92 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/ref.json +159 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/refRemote.json +74 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/required.json +53 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/type.json +474 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft3/uniqueItems.json +79 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/additionalItems.json +82 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/additionalProperties.json +88 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/allOf.json +112 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/anyOf.json +68 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/default.json +49 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/definitions.json +32 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/dependencies.json +113 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/enum.json +72 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/items.json +46 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/maxItems.json +28 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/maxLength.json +33 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/maxProperties.json +28 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/maximum.json +42 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/minItems.json +28 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/minLength.json +33 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/minProperties.json +28 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/minimum.json +42 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/multipleOf.json +60 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/not.json +96 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/oneOf.json +68 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/optional/bignum.json +107 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/optional/format.json +148 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/optional/zeroTerminatedFloats.json +15 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/pattern.json +34 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/patternProperties.json +110 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/properties.json +92 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/ref.json +159 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/refRemote.json +74 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/required.json +39 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/type.json +330 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tests/draft4/uniqueItems.json +79 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/jsonschema/tox.ini +8 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/alotofkeys.json +502 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/booleans.json +102 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/floats.json +102 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/guids.json +102 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/integers.json +102 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/mixed.json +592 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/nulls.json +102 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/paragraphs.json +102 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/types/readme.txt +1 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/unittestschema/address.json +139 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/unittestschema/allOf_address.json +7 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/unittestschema/anyOf_address.json +7 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/unittestschema/idandref.json +69 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/bin/unittestschema/oneOf_address.json +7 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/contrib/natvis/LICENSE +45 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/contrib/natvis/README.md +7 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/contrib/natvis/rapidjson.natvis +38 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/CMakeLists.txt +27 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/Doxyfile.in +2369 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/Doxyfile.zh-cn.in +2369 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/architecture.dot +50 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/architecture.png +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/insituparsing.dot +65 -0
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- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/iterative-parser-states-diagram.dot +62 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/iterative-parser-states-diagram.png +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/makefile +8 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/move1.dot +47 -0
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- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/move2.dot +62 -0
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- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/normalparsing.dot +56 -0
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- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/simpledom.dot +54 -0
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- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/diagram/utilityclass.dot +73 -0
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- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/dom.md +281 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/dom.zh-cn.md +285 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/encoding.md +146 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/encoding.zh-cn.md +152 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/faq.md +289 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/faq.zh-cn.md +290 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/features.md +104 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/features.zh-cn.md +103 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/internals.md +368 -0
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- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/logo/rapidjson.png +0 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/logo/rapidjson.svg +119 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/misc/DoxygenLayout.xml +194 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/misc/doxygenextra.css +274 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/misc/footer.html +11 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/misc/header.html +24 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/npm.md +31 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/performance.md +26 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/performance.zh-cn.md +26 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/pointer.md +234 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/pointer.zh-cn.md +234 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/sax.md +509 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/sax.zh-cn.md +487 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/schema.md +505 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/schema.zh-cn.md +237 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/stream.md +429 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/stream.zh-cn.md +429 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/tutorial.md +536 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/doc/tutorial.zh-cn.md +535 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/docker/debian/Dockerfile +8 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/CMakeLists.txt +46 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/archiver/archiver.cpp +292 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/archiver/archiver.h +145 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/archiver/archivertest.cpp +287 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/capitalize/capitalize.cpp +67 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/condense/condense.cpp +32 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/filterkey/filterkey.cpp +135 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/filterkeydom/filterkeydom.cpp +170 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/jsonx/jsonx.cpp +207 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/lookaheadparser/lookaheadparser.cpp +350 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/messagereader/messagereader.cpp +105 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/parsebyparts/parsebyparts.cpp +176 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/pretty/pretty.cpp +30 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/prettyauto/prettyauto.cpp +56 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/schemavalidator/schemavalidator.cpp +198 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/serialize/serialize.cpp +173 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/simpledom/simpledom.cpp +29 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/simplepullreader/simplepullreader.cpp +53 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/simplereader/simplereader.cpp +42 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/simplewriter/simplewriter.cpp +36 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/sortkeys/sortkeys.cpp +62 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/traverseaspointer.cpp +39 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/example/tutorial/tutorial.cpp +151 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/allocators.h +692 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/cursorstreamwrapper.h +78 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/document.h +3027 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/encodedstream.h +299 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/encodings.h +716 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/error/en.h +122 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/error/error.h +216 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/filereadstream.h +99 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/filewritestream.h +104 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/fwd.h +151 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/biginteger.h +290 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/clzll.h +71 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/diyfp.h +257 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/dtoa.h +245 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/ieee754.h +78 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/itoa.h +308 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/meta.h +186 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/pow10.h +55 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/regex.h +739 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/stack.h +232 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/strfunc.h +83 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/strtod.h +290 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/internal/swap.h +46 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/istreamwrapper.h +128 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/memorybuffer.h +70 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/memorystream.h +71 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/msinttypes/inttypes.h +316 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/msinttypes/stdint.h +300 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/ostreamwrapper.h +81 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/pointer.h +1482 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/prettywriter.h +277 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/rapidjson.h +741 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/reader.h +2244 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/schema.h +2795 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/stream.h +223 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/stringbuffer.h +121 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/uri.h +466 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include/rapidjson/writer.h +710 -0
- data/ext/rj_schema/rapidjson/include_dirs.js +2 -0
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# 教程
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本教程简介文件对象模型(Document Object Model, DOM)API。
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如 [用法一览](../readme.zh-cn.md#用法一览) 中所示,可以解析一个 JSON 至 DOM,然后就可以轻松查询及修改 DOM,并最终转换回 JSON。
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[TOC]
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# Value 及 Document {#ValueDocument}
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每个 JSON 值都储存为 `Value` 类,而 `Document` 类则表示整个 DOM,它存储了一个 DOM 树的根 `Value`。RapidJSON 的所有公开类型及函数都在 `rapidjson` 命名空间中。
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# 查询 Value {#QueryValue}
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在本节中,我们会使用到 `example/tutorial/tutorial.cpp` 中的代码片段。
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假设我们用 C 语言的字符串储存一个 JSON(`const char* json`):
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~~~~~~~~~~js
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{
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"hello": "world",
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"t": true ,
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"f": false,
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"n": null,
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"i": 123,
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"pi": 3.1416,
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"a": [1, 2, 3, 4]
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}
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~~~~~~~~~~
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把它解析至一个 `Document`:
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~~~~~~~~~~cpp
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#include "rapidjson/document.h"
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using namespace rapidjson;
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// ...
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Document document;
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document.Parse(json);
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~~~~~~~~~~
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那么现在该 JSON 就会被解析至 `document` 中,成为一棵 *DOM 树 *:
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![教程中的 DOM](diagram/tutorial.png)
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自从 RFC 7159 作出更新,合法 JSON 文件的根可以是任何类型的 JSON 值。而在较早的 RFC 4627 中,根值只允许是 Object 或 Array。而在上述例子中,根是一个 Object。
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~~~~~~~~~~cpp
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assert(document.IsObject());
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~~~~~~~~~~
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让我们查询一下根 Object 中有没有 `"hello"` 成员。由于一个 `Value` 可包含不同类型的值,我们可能需要验证它的类型,并使用合适的 API 去获取其值。在此例中,`"hello"` 成员关联到一个 JSON String。
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~~~~~~~~~~cpp
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assert(document.HasMember("hello"));
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assert(document["hello"].IsString());
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printf("hello = %s\n", document["hello"].GetString());
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~~~~~~~~~~
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~~~~~~~~~~
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world
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~~~~~~~~~~
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JSON True/False 值是以 `bool` 表示的。
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~~~~~~~~~~cpp
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assert(document["t"].IsBool());
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printf("t = %s\n", document["t"].GetBool() ? "true" : "false");
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~~~~~~~~~~
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~~~~~~~~~~
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true
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~~~~~~~~~~
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JSON Null 值可用 `IsNull()` 查询。
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~~~~~~~~~~cpp
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printf("n = %s\n", document["n"].IsNull() ? "null" : "?");
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~~~~~~~~~~
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~~~~~~~~~~
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null
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~~~~~~~~~~
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JSON Number 类型表示所有数值。然而,C++ 需要使用更专门的类型。
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~~~~~~~~~~cpp
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assert(document["i"].IsNumber());
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// 在此情况下,IsUint()/IsInt64()/IsUint64() 也会返回 true
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assert(document["i"].IsInt());
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printf("i = %d\n", document["i"].GetInt());
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// 另一种用法: (int)document["i"]
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assert(document["pi"].IsNumber());
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assert(document["pi"].IsDouble());
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printf("pi = %g\n", document["pi"].GetDouble());
|
93
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
94
|
+
|
95
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
96
|
+
i = 123
|
97
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+
pi = 3.1416
|
98
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
99
|
+
|
100
|
+
JSON Array 包含一些元素。
|
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+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
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|
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// 使用引用来连续访问,方便之余还更高效。
|
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|
+
const Value& a = document["a"];
|
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+
assert(a.IsArray());
|
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+
for (SizeType i = 0; i < a.Size(); i++) // 使用 SizeType 而不是 size_t
|
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+
printf("a[%d] = %d\n", i, a[i].GetInt());
|
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+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
108
|
+
|
109
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
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|
+
a[0] = 1
|
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+
a[1] = 2
|
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+
a[2] = 3
|
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a[3] = 4
|
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+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
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|
+
|
116
|
+
注意,RapidJSON 并不自动转换各种 JSON 类型。例如,对一个 String 的 Value 调用 `GetInt()` 是非法的。在调试模式下,它会被断言失败。在发布模式下,其行为是未定义的。
|
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+
|
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+
以下将会讨论有关查询各类型的细节。
|
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+
|
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+
## 查询 Array {#QueryArray}
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+
|
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+
缺省情况下,`SizeType` 是 `unsigned` 的 typedef。在多数系统中,Array 最多能存储 2^32-1 个元素。
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
你可以用整数字面量访问元素,如 `a[0]`、`a[1]`、`a[2]`。
|
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+
|
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+
Array 与 `std::vector` 相似,除了使用索引,也可使用迭代器来访问所有元素。
|
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+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
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|
+
for (Value::ConstValueIterator itr = a.Begin(); itr != a.End(); ++itr)
|
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|
+
printf("%d ", itr->GetInt());
|
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|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
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|
+
|
132
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+
还有一些熟悉的查询函数:
|
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|
+
* `SizeType Capacity() const`
|
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+
* `bool Empty() const`
|
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|
+
|
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|
+
### 范围 for 循环 (v1.1.0 中的新功能)
|
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|
+
|
138
|
+
当使用 C++11 功能时,你可使用范围 for 循环去访问 Array 内的所有元素。
|
139
|
+
|
140
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
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|
+
for (auto& v : a.GetArray())
|
142
|
+
printf("%d ", v.GetInt());
|
143
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
144
|
+
|
145
|
+
## 查询 Object {#QueryObject}
|
146
|
+
|
147
|
+
和 Array 相似,我们可以用迭代器去访问所有 Object 成员:
|
148
|
+
|
149
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
150
|
+
static const char* kTypeNames[] =
|
151
|
+
{ "Null", "False", "True", "Object", "Array", "String", "Number" };
|
152
|
+
|
153
|
+
for (Value::ConstMemberIterator itr = document.MemberBegin();
|
154
|
+
itr != document.MemberEnd(); ++itr)
|
155
|
+
{
|
156
|
+
printf("Type of member %s is %s\n",
|
157
|
+
itr->name.GetString(), kTypeNames[itr->value.GetType()]);
|
158
|
+
}
|
159
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
160
|
+
|
161
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
162
|
+
Type of member hello is String
|
163
|
+
Type of member t is True
|
164
|
+
Type of member f is False
|
165
|
+
Type of member n is Null
|
166
|
+
Type of member i is Number
|
167
|
+
Type of member pi is Number
|
168
|
+
Type of member a is Array
|
169
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
170
|
+
|
171
|
+
注意,当 `operator[](const char*)` 找不到成员,它会断言失败。
|
172
|
+
|
173
|
+
若我们不确定一个成员是否存在,便需要在调用 `operator[](const char*)` 前先调用 `HasMember()`。然而,这会导致两次查找。更好的做法是调用 `FindMember()`,它能同时检查成员是否存在并返回它的 Value:
|
174
|
+
|
175
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
176
|
+
Value::ConstMemberIterator itr = document.FindMember("hello");
|
177
|
+
if (itr != document.MemberEnd())
|
178
|
+
printf("%s\n", itr->value.GetString());
|
179
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
180
|
+
|
181
|
+
### 范围 for 循环 (v1.1.0 中的新功能)
|
182
|
+
|
183
|
+
当使用 C++11 功能时,你可使用范围 for 循环去访问 Object 内的所有成员。
|
184
|
+
|
185
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
186
|
+
for (auto& m : document.GetObject())
|
187
|
+
printf("Type of member %s is %s\n",
|
188
|
+
m.name.GetString(), kTypeNames[m.value.GetType()]);
|
189
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
190
|
+
|
191
|
+
## 查询 Number {#QueryNumber}
|
192
|
+
|
193
|
+
JSON 只提供一种数值类型──Number。数字可以是整数或实数。RFC 4627 规定数字的范围由解析器指定。
|
194
|
+
|
195
|
+
由于 C++ 提供多种整数及浮点数类型,DOM 尝试尽量提供最广的范围及良好性能。
|
196
|
+
|
197
|
+
当解析一个 Number 时, 它会被存储在 DOM 之中,成为下列其中一个类型:
|
198
|
+
|
199
|
+
类型 | 描述
|
200
|
+
-----------|---------------------------------------
|
201
|
+
`unsigned` | 32 位无号整数
|
202
|
+
`int` | 32 位有号整数
|
203
|
+
`uint64_t` | 64 位无号整数
|
204
|
+
`int64_t` | 64 位有号整数
|
205
|
+
`double` | 64 位双精度浮点数
|
206
|
+
|
207
|
+
当查询一个 Number 时, 你可以检查该数字是否能以目标类型来提取:
|
208
|
+
|
209
|
+
查检 | 提取
|
210
|
+
------------------|---------------------
|
211
|
+
`bool IsNumber()` | 不适用
|
212
|
+
`bool IsUint()` | `unsigned GetUint()`
|
213
|
+
`bool IsInt()` | `int GetInt()`
|
214
|
+
`bool IsUint64()` | `uint64_t GetUint64()`
|
215
|
+
`bool IsInt64()` | `int64_t GetInt64()`
|
216
|
+
`bool IsDouble()` | `double GetDouble()`
|
217
|
+
|
218
|
+
注意,一个整数可能用几种类型来提取,而无需转换。例如,一个名为 `x` 的 Value 包含 123,那么 `x.IsInt() == x.IsUint() == x.IsInt64() == x.IsUint64() == true`。但如果一个名为 `y` 的 Value 包含 -3000000000,那么仅会令 `x.IsInt64() == true`。
|
219
|
+
|
220
|
+
当要提取 Number 类型,`GetDouble()` 是会把内部整数的表示转换成 `double`。注意 `int` 和 `unsigned` 可以安全地转换至 `double`,但 `int64_t` 及 `uint64_t` 可能会丧失精度(因为 `double` 的尾数只有 52 位)。
|
221
|
+
|
222
|
+
## 查询 String {#QueryString}
|
223
|
+
|
224
|
+
除了 `GetString()`,`Value` 类也有一个 `GetStringLength()`。这里会解释个中原因。
|
225
|
+
|
226
|
+
根据 RFC 4627,JSON String 可包含 Unicode 字符 `U+0000`,在 JSON 中会表示为 `"\u0000"`。问题是,C/C++ 通常使用空字符结尾字符串(null-terminated string),这种字符串把 ``\0'` 作为结束符号。
|
227
|
+
|
228
|
+
为了符合 RFC 4627,RapidJSON 支持包含 `U+0000` 的 String。若你需要处理这些 String,便可使用 `GetStringLength()` 去获得正确的字符串长度。
|
229
|
+
|
230
|
+
例如,当解析以下的 JSON 至 `Document d` 之后:
|
231
|
+
|
232
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~js
|
233
|
+
{ "s" : "a\u0000b" }
|
234
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
235
|
+
`"a\u0000b"` 值的正确长度应该是 3。但 `strlen()` 会返回 1。
|
236
|
+
|
237
|
+
`GetStringLength()` 也可以提高性能,因为用户可能需要调用 `strlen()` 去分配缓冲。
|
238
|
+
|
239
|
+
此外,`std::string` 也支持这个构造函数:
|
240
|
+
|
241
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
242
|
+
string(const char* s, size_t count);
|
243
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
244
|
+
|
245
|
+
此构造函数接受字符串长度作为参数。它支持在字符串中存储空字符,也应该会有更好的性能。
|
246
|
+
|
247
|
+
## 比较两个 Value
|
248
|
+
|
249
|
+
你可使用 `==` 及 `!=` 去比较两个 Value。当且仅当两个 Value 的类型及内容相同,它们才当作相等。你也可以比较 Value 和它的原生类型值。以下是一个例子。
|
250
|
+
|
251
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
252
|
+
if (document["hello"] == document["n"]) /*...*/; // 比较两个值
|
253
|
+
if (document["hello"] == "world") /*...*/; // 与字符串字面量作比较
|
254
|
+
if (document["i"] != 123) /*...*/; // 与整数作比较
|
255
|
+
if (document["pi"] != 3.14) /*...*/; // 与 double 作比较
|
256
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
257
|
+
|
258
|
+
Array/Object 顺序以它们的元素/成员作比较。当且仅当它们的整个子树相等,它们才当作相等。
|
259
|
+
|
260
|
+
注意,现时若一个 Object 含有重复命名的成员,它与任何 Object 作比较都总会返回 `false`。
|
261
|
+
|
262
|
+
# 创建/修改值 {#CreateModifyValues}
|
263
|
+
|
264
|
+
有多种方法去创建值。 当一个 DOM 树被创建或修改后,可使用 `Writer` 再次存储为 JSON。
|
265
|
+
|
266
|
+
## 改变 Value 类型 {#ChangeValueType}
|
267
|
+
当使用默认构造函数创建一个 Value 或 Document,它的类型便会是 Null。要改变其类型,需调用 `SetXXX()` 或赋值操作,例如:
|
268
|
+
|
269
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
270
|
+
Document d; // Null
|
271
|
+
d.SetObject();
|
272
|
+
|
273
|
+
Value v; // Null
|
274
|
+
v.SetInt(10);
|
275
|
+
v = 10; // 简写,和上面的相同
|
276
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
277
|
+
|
278
|
+
### 构造函数的各个重载
|
279
|
+
几个类型也有重载构造函数:
|
280
|
+
|
281
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
282
|
+
Value b(true); // 调用 Value(bool)
|
283
|
+
Value i(-123); // 调用 Value(int)
|
284
|
+
Value u(123u); // 调用 Value(unsigned)
|
285
|
+
Value d(1.5); // 调用 Value(double)
|
286
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
287
|
+
|
288
|
+
要重建空 Object 或 Array,可在默认构造函数后使用 `SetObject()`/`SetArray()`,或一次性使用 `Value(Type)`:
|
289
|
+
|
290
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
291
|
+
Value o(kObjectType);
|
292
|
+
Value a(kArrayType);
|
293
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
294
|
+
|
295
|
+
## 转移语义(Move Semantics) {#MoveSemantics}
|
296
|
+
|
297
|
+
在设计 RapidJSON 时有一个非常特别的决定,就是 Value 赋值并不是把来源 Value 复制至目的 Value,而是把来源 Value 转移(move)至目的 Value。例如:
|
298
|
+
|
299
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
300
|
+
Value a(123);
|
301
|
+
Value b(456);
|
302
|
+
b = a; // a 变成 Null,b 变成数字 123。
|
303
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
304
|
+
|
305
|
+
![使用移动语义赋值。](diagram/move1.png)
|
306
|
+
|
307
|
+
为什么?此语义有何优点?
|
308
|
+
|
309
|
+
最简单的答案就是性能。对于固定大小的 JSON 类型(Number、True、False、Null),复制它们是简单快捷。然而,对于可变大小的 JSON 类型(String、Array、Object),复制它们会产生大量开销,而且这些开销常常不被察觉。尤其是当我们需要创建临时 Object,把它复制至另一变量,然后再析构它。
|
310
|
+
|
311
|
+
例如,若使用正常 * 复制 * 语义:
|
312
|
+
|
313
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
314
|
+
Value o(kObjectType);
|
315
|
+
{
|
316
|
+
Value contacts(kArrayType);
|
317
|
+
// 把元素加进 contacts 数组。
|
318
|
+
// ...
|
319
|
+
o.AddMember("contacts", contacts, d.GetAllocator()); // 深度复制 contacts (可能有大量内存分配)
|
320
|
+
// 析构 contacts。
|
321
|
+
}
|
322
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
323
|
+
|
324
|
+
![复制语义产生大量的复制操作。](diagram/move2.png)
|
325
|
+
|
326
|
+
那个 `o` Object 需要分配一个和 contacts 相同大小的缓冲区,对 conacts 做深度复制,并最终要析构 contacts。这样会产生大量无必要的内存分配/释放,以及内存复制。
|
327
|
+
|
328
|
+
有一些方案可避免实质地复制这些数据,例如引用计数(reference counting)、垃圾回收(garbage collection, GC)。
|
329
|
+
|
330
|
+
为了使 RapidJSON 简单及快速,我们选择了对赋值采用 * 转移 * 语义。这方法与 `std::auto_ptr` 相似,都是在赋值时转移拥有权。转移快得多简单得多,只需要析构原来的 Value,把来源 `memcpy()` 至目标,最后把来源设置为 Null 类型。
|
331
|
+
|
332
|
+
因此,使用转移语义后,上面的例子变成:
|
333
|
+
|
334
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
335
|
+
Value o(kObjectType);
|
336
|
+
{
|
337
|
+
Value contacts(kArrayType);
|
338
|
+
// adding elements to contacts array.
|
339
|
+
o.AddMember("contacts", contacts, d.GetAllocator()); // 只需 memcpy() contacts 本身至新成员的 Value(16 字节)
|
340
|
+
// contacts 在这里变成 Null。它的析构是平凡的。
|
341
|
+
}
|
342
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
343
|
+
|
344
|
+
![转移语义不需复制。](diagram/move3.png)
|
345
|
+
|
346
|
+
在 C++11 中这称为转移赋值操作(move assignment operator)。由于 RapidJSON 支持 C++03,它在赋值操作采用转移语义,其它修改型函数如 `AddMember()`, `PushBack()` 也采用转移语义。
|
347
|
+
|
348
|
+
### 转移语义及临时值 {#TemporaryValues}
|
349
|
+
|
350
|
+
有时候,我们想直接构造一个 Value 并传递给一个“转移”函数(如 `PushBack()`、`AddMember()`)。由于临时对象是不能转换为正常的 Value 引用,我们加入了一个方便的 `Move()` 函数:
|
351
|
+
|
352
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
353
|
+
Value a(kArrayType);
|
354
|
+
Document::AllocatorType& allocator = document.GetAllocator();
|
355
|
+
// a.PushBack(Value(42), allocator); // 不能通过编译
|
356
|
+
a.PushBack(Value().SetInt(42), allocator); // fluent API
|
357
|
+
a.PushBack(Value(42).Move(), allocator); // 和上一行相同
|
358
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
359
|
+
|
360
|
+
## 创建 String {#CreateString}
|
361
|
+
RapidJSON 提供两个 String 的存储策略。
|
362
|
+
|
363
|
+
1. copy-string: 分配缓冲区,然后把来源数据复制至它。
|
364
|
+
2. const-string: 简单地储存字符串的指针。
|
365
|
+
|
366
|
+
Copy-string 总是安全的,因为它拥有数据的克隆。Const-string 可用于存储字符串字面量,以及用于在 DOM 一节中将会提到的 in-situ 解析中。
|
367
|
+
|
368
|
+
为了让用户自定义内存分配方式,当一个操作可能需要内存分配时,RapidJSON 要求用户传递一个 allocator 实例作为 API 参数。此设计避免了在每个 Value 存储 allocator(或 document)的指针。
|
369
|
+
|
370
|
+
因此,当我们把一个 copy-string 赋值时, 调用含有 allocator 的 `SetString()` 重载函数:
|
371
|
+
|
372
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
373
|
+
Document document;
|
374
|
+
Value author;
|
375
|
+
char buffer[10];
|
376
|
+
int len = sprintf(buffer, "%s %s", "Milo", "Yip"); // 动态创建的字符串。
|
377
|
+
author.SetString(buffer, len, document.GetAllocator());
|
378
|
+
memset(buffer, 0, sizeof(buffer));
|
379
|
+
// 清空 buffer 后 author.GetString() 仍然包含 "Milo Yip"
|
380
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
381
|
+
|
382
|
+
在此例子中,我们使用 `Document` 实例的 allocator。这是使用 RapidJSON 时常用的惯用法。但你也可以用其他 allocator 实例。
|
383
|
+
|
384
|
+
另外,上面的 `SetString()` 需要长度参数。这个 API 能处理含有空字符的字符串。另一个 `SetString()` 重载函数没有长度参数,它假设输入是空字符结尾的,并会调用类似 `strlen()` 的函数去获取长度。
|
385
|
+
|
386
|
+
最后,对于字符串字面量或有安全生命周期的字符串,可以使用 const-string 版本的 `SetString()`,它没有
|
387
|
+
allocator 参数。对于字符串字面量(或字符数组常量),只需简单地传递字面量,又安全又高效:
|
388
|
+
|
389
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
390
|
+
Value s;
|
391
|
+
s.SetString("rapidjson"); // 可包含空字符,长度在编译期推导
|
392
|
+
s = "rapidjson"; // 上行的缩写
|
393
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
394
|
+
|
395
|
+
对于字符指针,RapidJSON 需要作一个标记,代表它不复制也是安全的。可以使用 `StringRef` 函数:
|
396
|
+
|
397
|
+
~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
398
|
+
const char * cstr = getenv("USER");
|
399
|
+
size_t cstr_len = ...; // 如果有长度
|
400
|
+
Value s;
|
401
|
+
// s.SetString(cstr); // 这不能通过编译
|
402
|
+
s.SetString(StringRef(cstr)); // 可以,假设它的生命周期安全,并且是以空字符结尾的
|
403
|
+
s = StringRef(cstr); // 上行的缩写
|
404
|
+
s.SetString(StringRef(cstr, cstr_len));// 更快,可处理空字符
|
405
|
+
s = StringRef(cstr, cstr_len); // 上行的缩写
|
406
|
+
|
407
|
+
~~~~~~~~~
|
408
|
+
|
409
|
+
## 修改 Array {#ModifyArray}
|
410
|
+
Array 类型的 Value 提供与 `std::vector` 相似的 API。
|
411
|
+
|
412
|
+
* `Clear()`
|
413
|
+
* `Reserve(SizeType, Allocator&)`
|
414
|
+
* `Value& PushBack(Value&, Allocator&)`
|
415
|
+
* `template <typename T> GenericValue& PushBack(T, Allocator&)`
|
416
|
+
* `Value& PopBack()`
|
417
|
+
* `ValueIterator Erase(ConstValueIterator pos)`
|
418
|
+
* `ValueIterator Erase(ConstValueIterator first, ConstValueIterator last)`
|
419
|
+
|
420
|
+
注意,`Reserve(...)` 及 `PushBack(...)` 可能会为数组元素分配内存,所以需要一个 allocator。
|
421
|
+
|
422
|
+
以下是 `PushBack()` 的例子:
|
423
|
+
|
424
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
425
|
+
Value a(kArrayType);
|
426
|
+
Document::AllocatorType& allocator = document.GetAllocator();
|
427
|
+
|
428
|
+
for (int i = 5; i <= 10; i++)
|
429
|
+
a.PushBack(i, allocator); // 可能需要调用 realloc() 所以需要 allocator
|
430
|
+
|
431
|
+
// 流畅接口(Fluent interface)
|
432
|
+
a.PushBack("Lua", allocator).PushBack("Mio", allocator);
|
433
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
434
|
+
|
435
|
+
与 STL 不一样的是,`PushBack()`/`PopBack()` 返回 Array 本身的引用。这称为流畅接口(_fluent interface_)。
|
436
|
+
|
437
|
+
如果你想在 Array 中加入一个非常量字符串,或是一个没有足够生命周期的字符串(见 [Create String](#CreateString)),你需要使用 copy-string API 去创建一个 String。为了避免加入中间变量,可以就地使用一个 [临时值](#TemporaryValues):
|
438
|
+
|
439
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
440
|
+
// 就地 Value 参数
|
441
|
+
contact.PushBack(Value("copy", document.GetAllocator()).Move(), // copy string
|
442
|
+
document.GetAllocator());
|
443
|
+
|
444
|
+
// 显式 Value 参数
|
445
|
+
Value val("key", document.GetAllocator()); // copy string
|
446
|
+
contact.PushBack(val, document.GetAllocator());
|
447
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
448
|
+
|
449
|
+
## 修改 Object {#ModifyObject}
|
450
|
+
Object 是键值对的集合。每个键必须为 String。要修改 Object,方法是增加或移除成员。以下的 API 用来增加成员:
|
451
|
+
|
452
|
+
* `Value& AddMember(Value&, Value&, Allocator& allocator)`
|
453
|
+
* `Value& AddMember(StringRefType, Value&, Allocator&)`
|
454
|
+
* `template <typename T> Value& AddMember(StringRefType, T value, Allocator&)`
|
455
|
+
|
456
|
+
以下是一个例子。
|
457
|
+
|
458
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
459
|
+
Value contact(kObject);
|
460
|
+
contact.AddMember("name", "Milo", document.GetAllocator());
|
461
|
+
contact.AddMember("married", true, document.GetAllocator());
|
462
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
463
|
+
|
464
|
+
使用 `StringRefType` 作为 name 参数的重载版本与字符串的 `SetString` 的接口相似。 这些重载是为了避免复制 `name` 字符串,因为 JSON object 中经常会使用常数键名。
|
465
|
+
|
466
|
+
如果你需要从非常数字符串或生命周期不足的字符串创建键名(见 [创建 String](#CreateString)),你需要使用 copy-string API。为了避免中间变量,可以就地使用 [临时值](#TemporaryValues):
|
467
|
+
|
468
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
469
|
+
// 就地 Value 参数
|
470
|
+
contact.AddMember(Value("copy", document.GetAllocator()).Move(), // copy string
|
471
|
+
Value().Move(), // null value
|
472
|
+
document.GetAllocator());
|
473
|
+
|
474
|
+
// 显式参数
|
475
|
+
Value key("key", document.GetAllocator()); // copy string name
|
476
|
+
Value val(42); // 某 Value
|
477
|
+
contact.AddMember(key, val, document.GetAllocator());
|
478
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
479
|
+
|
480
|
+
移除成员有几个选择:
|
481
|
+
|
482
|
+
* `bool RemoveMember(const Ch* name)`:使用键名来移除成员(线性时间复杂度)。
|
483
|
+
* `bool RemoveMember(const Value& name)`:除了 `name` 是一个 Value,和上一行相同。
|
484
|
+
* `MemberIterator RemoveMember(MemberIterator)`:使用迭代器移除成员(_ 常数 _ 时间复杂度)。
|
485
|
+
* `MemberIterator EraseMember(MemberIterator)`:和上行相似但维持成员次序(线性时间复杂度)。
|
486
|
+
* `MemberIterator EraseMember(MemberIterator first, MemberIterator last)`:移除一个范围内的成员,维持次序(线性时间复杂度)。
|
487
|
+
|
488
|
+
`MemberIterator RemoveMember(MemberIterator)` 使用了“转移最后”手法来达成常数时间复杂度。基本上就是析构迭代器位置的成员,然后把最后的成员转移至迭代器位置。因此,成员的次序会被改变。
|
489
|
+
|
490
|
+
## 深复制 Value {#DeepCopyValue}
|
491
|
+
若我们真的要复制一个 DOM 树,我们可使用两个 APIs 作深复制:含 allocator 的构造函数及 `CopyFrom()`。
|
492
|
+
|
493
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
494
|
+
Document d;
|
495
|
+
Document::AllocatorType& a = d.GetAllocator();
|
496
|
+
Value v1("foo");
|
497
|
+
// Value v2(v1); // 不容许
|
498
|
+
|
499
|
+
Value v2(v1, a); // 制造一个克隆
|
500
|
+
assert(v1.IsString()); // v1 不变
|
501
|
+
d.SetArray().PushBack(v1, a).PushBack(v2, a);
|
502
|
+
assert(v1.IsNull() && v2.IsNull()); // 两个都转移动 d
|
503
|
+
|
504
|
+
v2.CopyFrom(d, a); // 把整个 document 复制至 v2
|
505
|
+
assert(d.IsArray() && d.Size() == 2); // d 不变
|
506
|
+
v1.SetObject().AddMember("array", v2, a);
|
507
|
+
d.PushBack(v1, a);
|
508
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
509
|
+
|
510
|
+
## 交换 Value {#SwapValues}
|
511
|
+
|
512
|
+
RapidJSON 也提供 `Swap()`。
|
513
|
+
|
514
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~cpp
|
515
|
+
Value a(123);
|
516
|
+
Value b("Hello");
|
517
|
+
a.Swap(b);
|
518
|
+
assert(a.IsString());
|
519
|
+
assert(b.IsInt());
|
520
|
+
~~~~~~~~~~
|
521
|
+
|
522
|
+
无论两棵 DOM 树有多复杂,交换是很快的(常数时间)。
|
523
|
+
|
524
|
+
# 下一部分 {#WhatsNext}
|
525
|
+
|
526
|
+
本教程展示了如何询查及修改 DOM 树。RapidJSON 还有一个重要概念:
|
527
|
+
|
528
|
+
1. [流](doc/stream.zh-cn.md) 是读写 JSON 的通道。流可以是内存字符串、文件流等。用户也可以自定义流。
|
529
|
+
2. [编码](doc/encoding.zh-cn.md) 定义在流或内存中使用的字符编码。RapidJSON 也在内部提供 Unicode 转换及校验功能。
|
530
|
+
3. [DOM](doc/dom.zh-cn.md) 的基本功能已在本教程里介绍。还有更高级的功能,如原位(*in situ*)解析、其他解析选项及高级用法。
|
531
|
+
4. [SAX](doc/sax.zh-cn.md) 是 RapidJSON 解析/生成功能的基础。学习使用 `Reader`/`Writer` 去实现更高性能的应用程序。也可以使用 `PrettyWriter` 去格式化 JSON。
|
532
|
+
5. [性能](doc/performance.zh-cn.md) 展示一些我们做的及第三方的性能测试。
|
533
|
+
6. [技术内幕](doc/internals.md) 讲述一些 RapidJSON 内部的设计及技术。
|
534
|
+
|
535
|
+
你也可以参考 [常见问题](doc/faq.zh-cn.md)、API 文档、例子及单元测试。
|