RubyGems - rio - Versions diffs - 0.4.2 → 0.5.1 - Mend

rio 0.4.2 → 0.5.1

Files changed (641) hide show

data/.gitignore +21 -0
data/Gemfile +4 -0
data/{COPYING → LICENSE} +3 -0
data/README +20 -27
data/Rakefile +48 -277
data/lib/rio.rb +63 -24
data/lib/rio/.document +5 -0
data/lib/rio/abstract_method.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/alturi.rb +507 -0
data/lib/rio/alturi/algorithm.rb +313 -0
data/lib/rio/alturi/cached_fields.rb +68 -0
data/lib/rio/alturi/escape.rb +82 -0
data/lib/rio/alturi/parse.rb +75 -0
data/lib/rio/alturi/path_parts.rb +81 -0
data/lib/rio/alturi/regex.rb +76 -0
data/lib/rio/alturi/uri_parts.rb +512 -0
data/lib/rio/argv.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/arraynge.rb +146 -0
data/lib/rio/arycopy.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/assert.rb +87 -15
data/lib/rio/base.rb +7 -30
data/lib/rio/callstr.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/const.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/construct.rb +4 -15
data/lib/rio/constructor.rb +4 -19
data/lib/rio/context.rb +17 -14
data/lib/rio/context/autoclose.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/context/binmode.rb +63 -0
data/lib/rio/context/copying.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/context/cxx.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/context/dir.rb +5 -15
data/lib/rio/context/encoding.rb +84 -0
data/lib/rio/context/gzip.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/context/methods.rb +8 -17
data/lib/rio/context/skip.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/context/stream.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/cp.rb +5 -20
data/lib/rio/cxuri.rb +67 -0
data/lib/rio/dbg/trace_states.rb +18 -0
data/lib/rio/def.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/dir.rb +9 -18
data/lib/rio/doc.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/doc/EXAMPLES.rb +256 -269
data/lib/rio/doc/HOWTO.rb +685 -707
data/lib/rio/doc/INDEX.rb +261 -282
data/lib/rio/doc/INTRO.rb +1029 -1040
data/lib/rio/doc/OPTIONAL.rb +77 -103
data/lib/rio/doc/SYNOPSIS.rb +122 -143
data/lib/rio/entrysel.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/exception.rb +4 -14
data/lib/rio/exception/copy.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/exception/notimplemented.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/exception/notsupported.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/exception/open.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/exception/state.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext.rb +14 -17
data/lib/rio/ext/csv.rb +25 -304
data/lib/rio/ext/csv/csv-legacy.rb +344 -0
data/lib/rio/ext/csv/csv.rb +359 -0
data/lib/rio/ext/csv/filter.rb +209 -0
data/lib/rio/ext/if.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/mp3info.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/splitlines.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/yaml.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/yaml/doc.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/yaml/tie.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/zipfile.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/zipfile/fs.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/zipfile/rl.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/zipfile/rootdir.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/zipfile/state.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ext/zipfile/wrap.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/factory.rb +96 -213
data/lib/rio/fibpipe.rb +373 -0
data/lib/rio/file.rb +8 -17
data/lib/rio/filter.rb +4 -15
data/lib/rio/filter/closeoneof.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/filter/gzip.rb +18 -27
data/lib/rio/fs.rb +172 -0
data/lib/rio/fs/base.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/fs/impl.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/fs/native.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/fs/stream.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/fs/url.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ftp/conncache.rb +16 -18
data/lib/rio/ftp/dir.rb +4 -15
data/lib/rio/ftp/fs.rb +62 -42
data/lib/rio/fwd.rb +15 -0
data/lib/rio/grande.rb +4 -15
data/lib/rio/handle.rb +3 -45
data/lib/rio/if.rb +15 -20
data/lib/rio/if/basic.rb +3 -36
data/lib/rio/if/csv.rb +7 -20
data/lib/rio/if/dir.rb +9 -21
data/lib/rio/if/file.rb +6 -19
data/lib/rio/if/fileordir.rb +18 -29
data/lib/rio/if/grande.rb +109 -120
data/lib/rio/if/grande_entry.rb +5 -18
data/lib/rio/if/grande_stream.rb +29 -42
data/lib/rio/if/internal.rb +15 -16
data/lib/rio/if/path.rb +35 -47
data/lib/rio/if/rubyio.rb +35 -47
data/lib/rio/if/string.rb +3 -16
data/lib/rio/if/temp.rb +3 -16
data/lib/rio/if/test.rb +8 -20
data/lib/rio/if/yaml.rb +16 -29
data/lib/rio/ioh.rb +35 -34
data/lib/rio/iomode.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ios/fail.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ios/generic.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ios/mode.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ios/null.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/iowrap.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/kernel.rb +4 -17
data/lib/rio/local.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/match.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/matchrecord.rb +8 -17
data/lib/rio/no_warn.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/nullio.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/open3.rb +3 -16
data/lib/rio/ops.rb +33 -0
data/lib/rio/ops/construct.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ops/create.rb +11 -25
data/lib/rio/ops/dir.rb +17 -24
data/lib/rio/ops/either.rb +28 -31
data/lib/rio/ops/file.rb +29 -26
data/lib/rio/ops/path.rb +65 -34
data/lib/rio/ops/stream.rb +13 -15
data/lib/rio/ops/stream/input.rb +59 -28
data/lib/rio/ops/stream/output.rb +4 -14
data/lib/rio/ops/stream/read.rb +4 -15
data/lib/rio/ops/stream/write.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/ops/symlink.rb +6 -15
data/lib/rio/path.rb +10 -17
data/lib/rio/path/reset.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/piper.rb +3 -27
data/lib/rio/piper/cp.rb +50 -27
data/lib/rio/prompt.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/rectype.rb +8 -16
data/lib/rio/rl/base.rb +12 -25
data/lib/rio/rl/builder.rb +25 -24
data/lib/rio/rl/chmap.rb +3 -16
data/lib/rio/rl/fs2url.rb +5 -16
data/lib/rio/rl/ioi.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/rl/path.rb +14 -25
data/lib/rio/rl/pathmethods.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/rl/uri.rb +18 -35
data/lib/rio/rl/withpath.rb +36 -53
data/lib/rio/rrl/base.rb +75 -0
data/lib/rio/rrl/builder.rb +122 -0
data/lib/rio/rrl/chmap.rb +53 -0
data/lib/rio/rrl/ioi.rb +78 -0
data/lib/rio/rrl/path.rb +117 -0
data/lib/rio/rrl/withpath.rb +269 -0
data/lib/rio/scheme/aryio.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/scheme/cmdio.rb +73 -42
data/lib/rio/scheme/cmdpipe.rb +122 -59
data/lib/rio/scheme/fd.rb +19 -33
data/lib/rio/scheme/ftp.rb +34 -40
data/lib/rio/scheme/http.rb +13 -22
data/lib/rio/scheme/null.rb +6 -17
data/lib/rio/scheme/path.rb +60 -71
data/lib/rio/scheme/stderr.rb +9 -21
data/lib/rio/scheme/stdio.rb +14 -26
data/lib/rio/scheme/strio.rb +37 -38
data/lib/rio/scheme/sysio.rb +20 -32
data/lib/rio/scheme/tcp.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/scheme/temp.rb +103 -92
data/lib/rio/state.rb +85 -67
data/lib/rio/state/data.rb +55 -0
data/lib/rio/state/error.rb +7 -27
data/lib/rio/stream.rb +46 -19
data/lib/rio/stream/base.rb +14 -14
data/lib/rio/stream/duplex.rb +64 -26
data/lib/rio/stream/open.rb +9 -19
data/lib/rio/symantics.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/tempdir.rb +8 -17
data/lib/rio/to_rio.rb +3 -16
data/lib/rio/to_rio/all.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/to_rio/array.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/to_rio/io.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/to_rio/object.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/to_rio/string.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/uri/file.rb +98 -153
data/lib/rio/uriref.rb +144 -0
data/lib/rio/util.rb +3 -14
data/lib/rio/version.rb +4 -15
data/misc/clean-heading-comments.rb +39 -0
data/misc/fixdoclinks.rb +36 -0
data/misc/update-copyright.rb +17 -0
data/rio.gemspec +31 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/create.rb +24 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/empty.rb +13 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/encoding.rb +73 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/file_test.rb +335 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/ftp_alturi.rb +147 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/generic_test.rb +335 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/http_test.rb +359 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/path_parts_test.rb +215 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/rfc_test.rb +83 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/uri_parts_authority.rb +129 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/uri_parts_test.rb +473 -0
data/test/alturi/tc/uri_parts_userinfo.rb +140 -0
data/test/alturi/tests.rb +27 -0
data/test/base_test.rb +18 -0
data/test/bin/demo_chdir.rb +60 -0
data/test/bin/elipsis.rb +11 -0
data/test/env.sh +4 -0
data/test/ftp/initftpfiles.rb +1 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/anon_copy_data.rb +31 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/anon_misc.rb +109 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/anon_read.rb +99 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/anon_special.rb +37 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/anon_write.rb +68 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/copy.rb +35 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/empty.rb +16 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/ftp2ftp.rb +42 -0
data/test/ftp/tc/ftp_fs.rb +333 -0
data/test/ftp/testdef.rb +7 -2
data/test/ftp/tests.rb +24 -0
data/test/gem_runtests.rb +1 -1
data/test/http/copy-from-http.rb +0 -1
data/test/http/def.rb +20 -0
data/test/http/tc/copy_from_http.rb +128 -0
data/test/http/tc/empty.rb +14 -0
data/test/http/tc/uri_meta.rb +52 -0
data/test/http/tests.rb +19 -0
data/test/lib/assertions.rb +7 -0
data/test/lib/run_tests.rb +26 -0
data/test/lib/temp_server.rb +7 -4
data/test/methods/test_suite.rb +108 -0
data/test/platform.rb +5 -0
data/test/qpdir.rb +2 -0
data/test/rio/scheme.rb +49 -0
data/test/rio/tc/pathparts.rb +61 -0
data/test/riotest/test_suite.rb +33 -0
data/test/riotest/unit_test.rb +118 -0
data/test/riotest/util.rb +23 -0
data/test/runalltests.rb +1 -1
data/test/runftptests.rb +2 -7
data/test/runhttp.rb +4 -2
data/test/runhttptests.rb +6 -5
data/test/runtests.rb +66 -37
data/test/srv/www/htdocs/riotest/dir/index.html +11 -0
data/test/srv/www/htdocs/riotest/hw.html +8 -0
data/test/srv/www/htdocs/riotest/lines.txt.gz +0 -0
data/test/tc/abs2.rb +358 -0
data/test/tc/all.rb +17 -10
data/test/tc/base2.rb +8 -7
data/test/tc/clearsel.rb +3 -2
data/test/tc/closeoneof.rb +14 -15
data/test/tc/cmdio.rb +193 -0
data/test/tc/cmdpipe.rb +258 -63
data/test/tc/copy.rb +3 -2
data/test/tc/copyarray.rb +0 -4
data/test/tc/copydest.rb +2 -3
data/test/tc/copydir.rb +5 -1
data/test/tc/copydir2.rb +68 -0
data/test/tc/create.rb +4 -9
data/test/tc/csv.rb +38 -119
data/test/tc/csv2.rb +38 -57
data/test/tc/csv_columns.rb +210 -8
data/test/tc/csv_gzip.rb +78 -0
data/test/tc/csv_headers.rb +134 -0
data/test/tc/csvutil.rb +53 -16
data/test/tc/dir.rb +3 -4
data/test/tc/dir_iter.rb +3 -1
data/test/tc/dirent.rb +8 -7
data/test/tc/each.rb +62 -47
data/test/tc/each_break.rb +67 -25
data/test/tc/edf.rb +3 -2
data/test/tc/empty.rb +6 -4
data/test/tc/encoding.rb +30 -0
data/test/tc/entary.rb +6 -5
data/test/tc/eq.rb +2 -2
data/test/tc/expand_path.rb +14 -14
data/test/tc/ext.rb +7 -7
data/test/tc/fileno.rb +3 -2
data/test/tc/files_select.rb +1 -1
data/test/tc/getrec.rb +2 -3
data/test/tc/gzip.rb +5 -3
data/test/tc/likeio.rb +5 -5
data/test/tc/lineno.rb +1 -1
data/test/tc/lines.rb +4 -4
data/test/tc/misc.rb +29 -171
data/test/tc/nolines.rb +4 -2
data/test/tc/noqae.rb +12 -10
data/test/tc/overload.rb +1 -2
data/test/tc/pa.rb +25 -24
data/test/tc/path_parts.rb +54 -20
data/test/tc/paths.rb +3 -2
data/test/tc/piper.rb +32 -31
data/test/tc/programs_util.rb +9 -9
data/test/tc/qae.rb +9 -8
data/test/tc/qae_riovar.rb +9 -8
data/test/tc/records.rb +3 -2
data/test/tc/rename.rb +4 -4
data/test/tc/riorl.rb +19 -19
data/test/tc/rlparts.ans.yml +1161 -0
data/test/tc/splitlines.rb +1 -1
data/test/tc/splitpath.rb +9 -8
data/test/tc/strio.rb +73 -0
data/test/tc/symlink.rb +3 -2
data/test/tc/symlink0.rb +4 -3
data/test/tc/symlink1.rb +4 -3
data/test/tc/temp.rb +40 -26
data/test/tc/tempdir.rb +12 -12
data/test/tc/testcase.rb +45 -31
data/test/tc/tonl.rb +0 -1
data/test/tc/truncate.rb +111 -13
data/test/tc/yaml.rb +1 -1
data/test/test_suite.rb +31 -0
data/test/tests.rb +35 -0
data/test/tsuite.rb +19 -0
data/test/uriref/tc/basic.rb +171 -0
data/test/uriref/tc/build.rb +30 -0
data/test/uriref/tc/empty.rb +13 -0
data/test/uriref/tc/route.rb +72 -0
data/test/uriref/tests.rb +16 -0
metadata +356 -424
data/ChangeLog +0 -3122
data/VERSION +0 -1
data/build_doc.rb +0 -94
data/doc/ANNOUNCE +0 -157
data/doc/RELEASE_NOTES +0 -308
data/doc/RIOIS +0 -215
data/doc/generators/template/html/rio.css +0 -428
data/doc/generators/template/html/rio.rb +0 -523
data/doc/generators/template/html/ugly.rb +0 -132
data/doc/pkg_def.rb +0 -60
data/doc/rdoc/classes/Kernel.html +0 -133
data/doc/rdoc/classes/Kernel.src/M000234.html +0 -18
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.html +0 -625
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.src/M000001.html +0 -18
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.src/M000002.html +0 -18
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.src/M000003.html +0 -18
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc.html +0 -149
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/EXAMPLES.html +0 -432
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/HOWTO.html +0 -1084
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/INDEX.html +0 -368
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/INTRO.html +0 -1529
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/OPTIONAL.html +0 -221
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/SYNOPSIS.html +0 -336
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF.html +0 -165
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.html +0 -203
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.src/M000129.html +0 -19
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.src/M000130.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.src/M000131.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.html +0 -343
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000045.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000046.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000047.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000048.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000049.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000050.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000051.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.html +0 -223
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000216.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000217.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000218.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000219.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.html +0 -572
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000117.html +0 -16
data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000118.html +0 -16
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data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000120.html +0 -16
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data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000128.html +0 -16
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data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/INDEX.html DELETED

@@ -1,368 +0,0 @@
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-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000126">tell</a>
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-href="../IF/Path.html#M000160">route_from</a> <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000161">route_to</a> <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000156">scheme</a> <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000153">splitpath</a> <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000134">to_uri</a> <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000133">to_url</a> <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000136">urlpath</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-String: <a href="../IF/String.html#M000213">+</a> <a
-href="../IF/String.html#M000215">gsub</a> <a
-href="../IF/String.html#M000214">sub</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-Grande: <a href="../IF/Grande.html#M000053">[]</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000065"><</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000063"><<</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000058">></a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000061">>></a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000060">|</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000064">append_from</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000062">append_to</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000066">copy_from</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000059">copy_to</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000055">delete</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000057">delete!</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000054">each</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000069">empty?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000067">get</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000068">skip</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000070">split</a> <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000052">to_a</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-Grande Directory: <a href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000114">all</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000113">all?</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000107">dirs</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000109">entries</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000111">files</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000116">norecurse</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000115">recurse</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000108">skipdirs</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000110">skipentries</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeEntry.html#M000112">skipfiles</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-Grande Stream: <a href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000087">+@</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000086">a</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000088">a!</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000075">bytes</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000101">chomp</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000100">chomp?</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000096">closeoncopy</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000098">closeoncopy?</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000093">closeoneof</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000095">closeoneof?</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000084">contents</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000083">getline</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000081">getrec</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000082">getrow</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000104">gzip</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000105">gzip?</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000071">line</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000074">lines</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000099">noautoclose</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000097">nocloseoncopy</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000094">nocloseoneof</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000085">putrec</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000089">r</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000090">r!</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000072">record</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000076">records</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000073">row</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000079">rows</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000078">skiplines</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000077">skiprecords</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000080">skiprows</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000106">splitlines</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000103">strip</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000102">strip?</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000091">w</a> <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000092">w!</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-Ruby I/O: <a href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000008">binmode</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000030">close</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000031">close_write</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000010">each_byte</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000011">each_line</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000025">eof?</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000032">fcntl</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000034">fileno</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000009">flush</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000035">fsync</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000037">getc</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000004">gets</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000033">ioctl</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000026">ioh</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000027">ios</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000005">lineno</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000006">lineno=</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000028">mode</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000029">mode?</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000043">nosync</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000036">pid</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000015">print</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000016">print!</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000018">printf</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000017">printf!</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000020">putc</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000019">putc!</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000021">puts</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000022">puts!</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000013">readline</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000012">readlines</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000014">readpartial</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000007">recno</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000042">sync</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000044">sync?</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000038">to_i</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000039">to_io</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000040">tty?</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000041">ungetc</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000024">write</a> <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000023">write!</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-Test: <a href="../IF/Test.html#M000209">abs?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000210">absolute?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000192">atime</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000177">blockdev?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000178">chardev?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000186">closed?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000193">ctime</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000180">dir?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000179">directory?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000196">executable_real?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000195">executable?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000181">exist?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000182">file?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000187">fnmatch?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000188">ftype</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000203">grpowned?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000190">lstat</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000211">mountpoint?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000194">mtime</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000185">open?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000202">owned?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000191">pipe?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000198">readable_real?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000197">readable?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000212">root?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000204">setgid?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000205">setuid?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000206">size</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000207">size?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000183">socket?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000189">stat</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000201">sticky?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000184">symlink?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000200">writable_real?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000199">writable?</a> <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000208">zero?</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-Basic: <a href="../Rio.html#M000228">RIO::Rio#==</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000229">RIO::Rio#===</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000232">RIO::Rio#=~</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000225">RIO::Rio#dup</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000231">RIO::Rio#eql?</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000230">RIO::Rio#hash</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000221">RIO::Rio#initialize_copy</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000226">RIO::Rio#inspect</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000227">RIO::Rio#length</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000220">RIO::Rio#new</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000222">RIO::Rio#rio</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000233">RIO::Rio#string</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000223">RIO::Rio#to_s</a> <a
-href="../Rio.html#M000224">RIO::Rio#to_str</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-CSV: <a href="../IF/CSV.html#M000130">columns</a> <a
-href="../IF/CSV.html#M000129">csv</a> <a
-href="../IF/CSV.html#M000131">skipcolumns</a>
-</p>
-<p>
-YAML: <a href="../IF/YAML.html#M000171">document</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000168">documents</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000176">dump</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000172">getobj</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000173">load</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000170">object</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000166">objects</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000174">putobj</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000175">putobj!</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000169">skipdocuments</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000167">skipobjects</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000164">yaml</a> <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000165">yaml?</a>
-</p>
-    </div>
-   </div>
-    <!-- if includes -->
-    <div id="section">
-    <!-- if method_list -->
-</div>
-  </div>
-<div id="validator-badges">
-   <p><small>Copyright &copy; 2005,2006,2007,2008 Christopher Kleckner.  <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">All rights reserved</a>.</small></p>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>

data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/INTRO.html DELETED

@@ -1,1529 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
-<!DOCTYPE html
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-     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
-<head>
-  <title>Module: RIO::Doc::INTRO</title>
-  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
-  <meta http-equiv="Content-Script-Type" content="text/javascript" />
-  <meta name="revisit-after" content="5 days">
-  <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../.././rdoc-style.css" type="text/css" media="screen" />
-  <script type="text/javascript">
-  // <![CDATA[
-  function popupCode( url ) {
-    window.open(url, "Code", "resizable=yes,scrollbars=yes,toolbar=no,status=no,height=150,width=400")
-  }
-  function toggleCode( id ) {
-    if ( document.getElementById )
-      elem = document.getElementById( id );
-    else if ( document.all )
-      elem = eval( "document.all." + id );
-    else
-      return false;
-    elemStyle = elem.style;
-    if ( elemStyle.display != "block" ) {
-      elemStyle.display = "block"
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-      elemStyle.display = "none"
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-  // Make codeblocks hidden by default
-  document.writeln( "<style type=\"text/css\">div.method-source-code { display: none }</style>" )
-  // ]]>
-  </script>
-</head>
-<body>
-    <div id="classHeader">
-        <table class="header-table">
-        <tr class="top-aligned-row">
-          <td class="class-mod"><strong>Module</strong></td>
-          <td class="class-name-in-header">RIO::Doc::INTRO</td>
-            <td rowspan="2" class="class-header-space-col"></td>
-            <td rowspan="2">
-                <a class="in-url" href="../../../files/lib/rio/doc/INTRO_rb.html">
-                lib/rio/doc/INTRO.rb
-                </a>
-        &nbsp;&nbsp;
-            </td>
-        </tr>
-        </table>
-    </div>
-  <!-- banner header -->
-  <div id="bodyContent">
-  <div id="contextContent">
-    <div id="description">
-      <h1>Rio - Ruby I/O Facilitator</h1>
-<p>
-Rio is a facade for most of the standard ruby classes that deal with I/O;
-providing a simple, intuitive, succinct interface to the functionality
-provided by IO, File, Dir, Pathname, FileUtils, Tempfile, StringIO, OpenURI
-and others. Rio also provides an application level interface which allows
-many common I/O idioms to be expressed succinctly.
-</p>
-<p>
-Rio functionality can be broadly broken into three categories
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>path manipulation
-</li>
-<li>file system access
-</li>
-<li>stream manipulation
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-Which methods are available to a given Rio, depends on the underlying
-object.
-</p>
-<p>
-A Rio generally does not need to be opened or have its mode specified. Most
-of Rio&#8217;s methods simply configure it. When an actual IO operation is
-specified, Rio determines how to open it based on the object it is opening,
-the operation it is performing, and the options specified.
-</p>
-<p>
-Rio configuration methods return the Rio for easy chaining and regard the
-presence of a block as an implied <tt>each</tt>.
-</p>
-<h2>Using a Rio</h2>
-<p>
-Using a Rio can be described as having 3 steps:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>Creating a Rio
-</li>
-<li>Configuring a Rio
-</li>
-<li>Rio I/O
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h3>Creating a Rio</h3>
-<p>
-Rio extends <a href="../../Kernel.html">Kernel</a> with one function
-<tt>rio</tt>, its constructor. This function is overloaded to create any
-type of Rio. <tt>rio</tt> looks at the class and sometimes the value of its
-first argument to create an internal representation of the resource
-specified, additional arguments are used as needed by the resource type.
-The rio constructor does not initiate any io, it does not check for a
-resources existance or type. It neither knows nor cares what can be done
-with this Rio. Using methods like <tt>respond_to?</tt> are meaningless at
-best and usually misleading.
-</p>
-<p>
-For purposes of discussion, we divide Rios into two catagories, those that
-have a path and those that don&#8217;t.
-</p>
-<h4>Creating a Rio that has a path</h4>
-<p>
-To create a Rio that has a path the arguments to <tt>rio</tt> may be:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>a string representing the entire path. The separator used for Rios is as
-specified in RFC1738 (&#8217;/&#8217;).
-<pre>
- rio('adir/afile')
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>a string representing a fully qualified <tt>file</tt> URI as per RFC1738
-<pre>
- rio('file:///atopleveldir/adir/afile')
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>a <tt>URI</tt> object representing a <tt>file</tt> or generic <tt>URI</tt>
-<pre>
- rio(URI('adir/afile'))
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>the components of a path as separate arguments
-<pre>
- rio('adir','afile')
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>the components of a path as an array
-<pre>
- rio(%w/adir afile/)
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>another Rio
-<pre>
- another_rio = rio('adir/afile')
- rio(another_rio)
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>any object whose <tt>to_s</tt> method returns one of the above
-<pre>
- rio(Pathname.new('apath'))
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>any combination of the above either as separate arguments or as elements of
-an array,
-<pre>
- another_rio = rio('dir1/dir2')
- auri = URI('dir4/dir5)
- rio(another_rio,'dir3',auri,'dir6/dir7')
-</pre>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to a web page</h5>
-<p>
-To create a Rio that refers to a web page the arguments to <tt>rio</tt> may
-be:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>a string representing a fully qualified <tt>http</tt> URI
-<pre>
- rio('http://ruby-doc.org/index.html')
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>a <tt>URI</tt> object representing a <tt>http</tt> <tt>URI</tt>
-<pre>
- rio(URI('http://ruby-doc.org/index.html'))
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>either of the above with additional path elements
-<pre>
- rio('http://www.ruby-doc.org/','core','classes/Object.html')
-</pre>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to a file or directory on a FTP server</h5>
-<p>
-To create a Rio that refers to a file on a FTP server the arguments to
-<tt>rio</tt> may be:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>a string representing a fully qualified <tt>ftp</tt> URI
-<pre>
- rio('ftp://user:password@ftp.example.com/afile.tar.gz')
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>a <tt>URI</tt> object representing a <tt>ftp</tt> <tt>URI</tt>
-<pre>
- rio(URI('ftp://ftp.example.com/afile.tar.gz'))
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>either of the above with additional path elements
-<pre>
- rio('ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu','emacs','windows','README')
-</pre>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h4>Creating Rios that do not have a path</h4>
-<p>
-To create a Rio without a path, the first argument to <tt>rio</tt> is
-usually a single character.
-</p>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to a clone of your programs stdin or stdout.</h5>
-<p>
-<tt>rio(?-)</tt> (mnemonic: &#8217;-&#8217; is used by some Unix programs
-to specify stdin or stdout in place of a file)
-</p>
-<p>
-Just as a Rio that refers to a file, does not know whether that file will
-be opened for reading or writing until an io operation is specified, a
-<tt>stdio:</tt> Rio does not know whether it will connect to stdin or
-stdout until an I/O operation is specified.
-</p>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to a clone of your programs stderr.</h5>
-<p>
-<tt>rio(?=)</tt> (mnemonic: &#8217;-&#8217; refers to fileno 1, so
-&#8217;=&#8217; refers to fileno 2)
-</p>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to an arbitrary IO object.</h5>
-<pre>
- an_io = ::File.new('afile')
- rio(an_io)
-</pre>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to a file descriptor</h5>
-<p>
-<tt>rio(?#,fd)</tt> (mnemonic: a file descriptor is a number
-&#8217;#&#8217; )
-</p>
-<pre>
- an_io = ::File.new('afile')
- rio(an_io)
-</pre>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to a StringIO object</h5>
-<p>
-<tt>rio(?&quot;)</tt> (mnemonic: &#8217;&quot;&#8217; surrounds strings)
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>create a Rio that refers to its own string
-</li>
-</ul>
-<pre>
- rio(?&quot;)
-</pre>
-<ul>
-<li>create a Rio that refers to a string of your choosing
-</li>
-</ul>
-<pre>
- astring = &quot;&quot;
- rio(?&quot;,astring)
-</pre>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to a Temporary object</h5>
-<p>
-<tt>rio(??)</tt> (mnemonic: &#8217;?&#8217; you don&#8217;t know its name)
-</p>
-<p>
-To create a temporary object that will become a file or a directory,
-depending on how you use it:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio(??)
- rio(??,basename='rio',tmpdir=Dir::tmpdir)
-</pre>
-<p>
-To force it to become a directory:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio(??).mkdir
-</pre>
-<p>
-or
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio(??).chdir
-</pre>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that refers to an arbitrary TCPSocket</h5>
-<pre>
- rio('tcp:',hostname,port)
-</pre>
-<p>
-or
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('tcp://hostname:port')
-</pre>
-<h5>Creating a Rio that runs an external program and connects to its stdin and stdout</h5>
-<p>
-<tt>rio(?-,cmd)</tt> (mnemonic: &#8217;-&#8217; is used by some Unix
-programs to specify stdin or stdout in place of a file)
-</p>
-<p>
-or
-</p>
-<p>
-<tt>rio(?`,cmd)</tt> (mnemonic: &#8217;`&#8217; (backtick) runs an external
-program in ruby)
-</p>
-<p>
-This is Rio&#8217;s interface to IO#popen
-</p>
-<h3>Path Manipulation</h3>
-<p>
-Rio&#8217;s path manipulation methods are for the most part simply
-forwarded to the File or URI classes with the return values converted to a
-Rio.
-</p>
-<h4>Creating a Rio from a Rio&#8217;s component parts.</h4>
-<p>
-The Rio methods for creating a Rio from a Rio&#8217;s component parts are
-<a href="../IF/Path.html#M000146">dirname</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000147">filename</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000145">basename</a>, and <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000144">extname</a>. The behavior of <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000145">basename</a> depends on the setting of the
-<tt>ext</tt> configuration variable and is different from its counterpart
-in the File class. The default value of the <tt>ext</tt> configuration
-variable is the string returned File#extname. The <tt>ext</tt>
-configuration variable can be changed using <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000141">ext</a> and <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000142">noext</a> and can be queried using <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000143">ext?</a>. This value is used by calls to <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000145">basename</a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Path.html#M000147">filename</a> returns the last component
-of a path, and is basically the same as <tt>basename</tt> without
-consideration of an extension.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   rio('afile.txt').basename       #=&gt; rio('afile')
-   rio('afile.txt').filename       #=&gt; rio('afile.txt')
-   ario = rio('afile.tar.gz')
-   ario.basename                   #=&gt; rio('afile.tar')
-   ario.ext?                       #=&gt; &quot;.gz&quot;
-   ario.ext('.tar.gz').basename    #=&gt; rio('afile')
-   ario.ext?                       #=&gt; &quot;.tar.gz&quot;
-</pre>
-<h4>Changing a path&#8217;s component parts.</h4>
-<p>
-Rio also provides methods for changing the component parts of its path.
-They are <a href="../IF/Path.html#M000150">dirname=</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000151">filename=</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000149">basename=</a>, and <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000148">extname=</a>. These methods replace the part
-extracted as described above with their argument.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   ario = rio('dirA/dirB/afile.rb')
-   ario.dirname = 'dirC'          # rio('dirC/afile.rb')
-   ario.basename = 'bfile'        # rio('dirC/bfile.rb')
-   ario.extname = '.txt'          # rio('dirC/bfile.txt')
-   ario.filename = 'cfile.rb'     # rio('dirC/cfile.rb')
-</pre>
-<p>
-Rio also has a <tt>rename</tt> mode which causes each of these to rename
-the actual file system object as well as changing the Rio. This is
-discussed in the section on Renaming and Moving.
-</p>
-<h4>Splitting a Rio</h4>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Grande.html#M000070">split</a> (or <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000153">splitpath</a>) returns an array of Rios, one
-for each path element. (Note that this behavior differs from File#split.)
-</p>
-<pre>
-   rio('a/b/c').split   #=&gt; [rio('a'),rio('b'),rio('c')]
-</pre>
-<p>
-The array returned is extended with a <tt>to_rio</tt> method, which will
-put the parts back together again.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   ary = rio('a/b/c').split   #=&gt; [rio('a'),rio('b'),rio('c')]
-   ary.to_rio           #=&gt; rio('a/b/c')
-</pre>
-<h4>Creating a Rio by specifying the individual parts of its path</h4>
-<p>
-The first way to create a Rio by specifying its parts is to use the Rio
-constructor <a href="../Rio.html#M000222">Rio#rio</a>. Since a Rio is among
-the arguments the constructor will take, the constructor can be used.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   ario = rio('adir')
-   rio(ario,'b')    #=&gt; rio('adir/b')
-</pre>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Path.html#M000152">join</a> and <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000154">/</a> do the same thing, but the operator
-version <tt>/</tt> can take only one argument.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   a = rio('a')
-   b = rio('b')
-   c = a.join(b)    #=&gt; rio('a/b')
-   c = a/b          #=&gt; rio('a/b')
-</pre>
-<p>
-The arguments to <a href="../IF/Path.html#M000152">join</a> and <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000154">/</a> do not need to be Rios, of course
-</p>
-<pre>
-   ario = rio('adir')
-   ario/'afile.rb'           #=&gt; rio('adir/afile.rb')
-   ario.join('b','c','d')    #=&gt; rio('adir/b/c/d')
-   ario/'b'/'c'/'d'          #=&gt; rio('adir/b/c/d')
-   ario /= 'e'               #=&gt; rio('adir/b/c/d/e')
-</pre>
-<h4>Manipulating a Rio path by treating it as a string.</h4>
-<p>
-The Rio methods which treat a Rio as a string are <a
-href="../IF/String.html#M000214">sub</a>, <a
-href="../IF/String.html#M000215">gsub</a> and <a
-href="../IF/String.html#M000213">+</a>. These methods create a new Rio
-using the string created by forwarding the method to the String returned by
-<a href="../Rio.html#M000223">Rio#to_s</a>.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   ario = rio('dirA/dirB/afile') + '-1.1.1'   # rio('dirA/dirB/afile-1.1.1')
-   brio = ario.sub(/^dirA/, 'dirC')           # rio('dirC/dirB/afile-1.1.1')
-</pre>
-<h4>Creating a Rio based on its relationship to another</h4>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Path.html#M000138">abs</a> creates a new rio whose path is
-the absolute path of a Rio. If called with an argument, it uses it as the
-base path, otherwise it uses an internal base path (usually the current
-working directory when it was created).
-</p>
-<pre>
-   rio('/tmp').chdir do
-     rio('a').abs            #=&gt; rio('/tmp/a')
-     rio('a').abs('/usr')    #=&gt; rio('/usr/a')
-   end
-</pre>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Path.html#M000139">rel</a> creates a new rio with a path
-relative to a Rio.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   rio('/tmp').chdir do
-     rio('/tmp/a').rel       #=&gt; rio('a')
-   end
-   rio('/tmp/b').rel('/tmp') #=&gt; rio('b')
-</pre>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Path.html#M000161">route_to</a> and <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000160">route_from</a> creates a new rio with a path
-representing the route to get to/from a Rio. They are based on the methods
-of the same names in the ::URI class
-</p>
-<h3>Configuring a Rio</h3>
-<p>
-The second step in using a rio is configuring it. Note that many times no
-configuration is necessary and that this is not a comprehensive list of all
-of Rio&#8217;s configuration methods.
-</p>
-<p>
-Rio&#8217;s configuration mehods fall into three categories.
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>I/O manipulators
-<p>
-An I/O manipulator alters the behavior of a Rio&#8217;s underlying IO
-object. These affect the behaviour of I/O methods which are forwarded
-directly to the underlying object as well as the grande I/O methods.
-</p>
-</li>
-<li>Grande configuration methods
-<p>
-The grande configuration methods affect the behaviour of Rio&#8217;s grande
-I/O methods
-</p>
-</li>
-<li>Grande selection methods
-<p>
-The grande selection methods select what data is returned by Rio&#8217;s
-grande I/O methods
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-All of Rio&#8217;s configuration and selection methods can be passed a
-block, which will cause the Rio to behave as if <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000054">each</a> had been called with the block
-after the method.
-</p>
-<h4>IO manipulators</h4>
-<ul>
-<li><tt>gzip</tt> a file on output, and ungzip it on input
-<pre>
- rio('afile.gz').gzip
-</pre>
-<p>
-This causes the rio to read through a Zlib::GzipReader and to write
-Zlib::GzipWriter.
-</p>
-</li>
-<li><tt>chomp</tt> lines as they are read
-<pre>
- rio('afile').chomp
-</pre>
-<p>
-This causes a Rio to call String#chomp on the the String returned by all
-line oriented read operations.
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h4>Grande configuration methods</h4>
-<ul>
-<li><tt>all</tt>, <tt>recurse</tt>, <tt>norecurse</tt>
-<pre>
- rio('adir').all
- rio('adir').norecurse('CVS')
-</pre>
-<p>
-These methods instruct the Rio to also include entries in subdirectories
-when iterating through directories and control which subdirectories are
-included or excluded.
-</p>
-</li>
-<li><tt>bytes</tt>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').bytes(1024)
-</pre>
-<p>
-This causes a Rio to read the specified number of bytes at a time as a file
-is iterated through.
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h4>Grande selection methods</h4>
-<ul>
-<li><tt>lines</tt>, <tt>skiplines</tt>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').lines(0..9)
- rio('afile').skiplines(/^\s*#/)
-</pre>
-<p>
-Strictly speaking these are both configuration and selection methods. They
-configure the Rio to iterate through an input stream as lines. The
-arguments select which lines are actually returned. Lines are included
-(<tt>lines</tt>) or excluded (<tt>skiplines</tt>) if they match <b>any</b>
-of the arguments as follows.
-</p>
-<p>
-If the argument is a:
-</p>
-<table>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>RegExp</tt>:</td><td>the line is matched against it
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Range</tt>:</td><td>the lineno is matched against it
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Integer</tt>:</td><td>the lineno is matched against it as if it were a one element range
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Symbol</tt>:</td><td>the symbol is <tt>sent</tt> to the string; the line is included unless it
-returns false
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Proc</tt>:</td><td>the proc is called with the line as an argument; the line is included
-unless it returns false
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Array</tt>:</td><td>an array containing any of the above, all of which must match for the line
-to be included
-</td></tr>
-</table>
-</li>
-<li><tt>entries</tt>, <tt>files</tt>, <tt>dirs</tt>, <tt>skipentries</tt>,
-<tt>skipfiles</tt>, <tt>skipdirs</tt>
-<pre>
- rio('adir').files('*.txt')
- rio('adir').skipfiles(/^\./)
-</pre>
-<p>
-These methods select which entries will be returned when iterating through
-directories. Entries are included
-(<tt>entries</tt>,<tt>files</tt>,<tt>dirs</tt>) or
-excluded(<tt>skipentries</tt>,<tt>skipfiles</tt>,<tt>skipdirs</tt>) if they
-match <b>any</b> of the arguments as follows.
-</p>
-<p>
-If the argument is a:
-</p>
-<table>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>String</tt>:</td><td>the arg is treated as a glob; the filname is matched against it
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>RegExp</tt>:</td><td>the filname is matched against it
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Symbol</tt>:</td><td>the symbol is <tt>sent</tt> to the entry (a Rio); the entry is included
-unless it returns false
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Proc</tt>:</td><td>the proc is called with the entry (a Rio) as an argument; the entry is
-included unless it returns false
-</td></tr>
-<tr><td valign="top"><tt>Array</tt>:</td><td>an array containing any of the above, all of which must match for the line
-to be included
-</td></tr>
-</table>
-</li>
-<li><tt>records</tt>, <tt>rows</tt>, <tt>skiprecords</tt>, <tt>skiprows</tt>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').bytes(1024).records(0...10)
-</pre>
-<p>
-These select items from an input stream just as <tt>lines</tt>, but without
-specifying lines as the input record type. They can be used to select
-different record types in extension modules. The only such module at this
-writing is the CSV extension. In that case <tt>records</tt> causes each
-line of a CSV file to be parsed into an array while <tt>lines</tt> causes
-each line of the file to be returned normally.
-</p>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h3>Rio I/O</h3>
-<p>
-As stated above the the three steps to using a Rio are:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>Creating a Rio
-</li>
-<li>Configuring a Rio
-</li>
-<li>Doing I/O
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-This section describes that final step.
-</p>
-<p>
-After creating and configuring a Rio, the file-system has not been
-accessed, no socket has been opened, not so much as a test for a files
-existance has been done. When an I/O method is called on a Rio, the
-sequence of events required to complete that operation on the underlying
-object takes place. Rio takes care of creating the appropriate object (eg
-IO,Dir), opening the object with the appropriate mode, performing the
-operation, closing the object if required, and returning the results of the
-operation.
-</p>
-<p>
-Rio&#8217;s I/O operations can be divide into two catagories:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>Proxy operations
-</li>
-<li>Grande operations
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h4>Proxy operations</h4>
-<p>
-These are calls which are forwarded to the underlying object (eg
-IO,Dir,Net::FTP), after appropriately creating and configuring that object.
-The result produced by the method is returned, and the object is closed.
-</p>
-<p>
-In some cases the result is modified before being returned, as when a Rio
-is configured with <a href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000101">chomp</a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-In all cases, if the result returned by the underlying object, could itself
-be used for further I/O operations it is returned as a Rio. For example:
-where File#dirname returns a string, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000146">dirname</a> returns a Rio; where Dir#read
-returns a string representing a directory entry, <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000122">read</a> returns a Rio.
-</p>
-<p>
-With some noteable exceptions, most of the operations available if one were
-using the underlying Ruby I/O class are available to the Rio and will
-behave identically.
-</p>
-<p>
-For things that exist on a file system:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>All the methods in FileTest are available as Rio instance methods. For
-example
-<pre>
- FileTest.file?('afile')
-</pre>
-<p>
-becomes
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').file?
-</pre>
-</li>
-<li>All the instance methods of <tt>File</tt> except <tt>path</tt> are
-available to a rio without change
-</li>
-<li>Most of the class methods of <tt>File</tt> are available.
-<ul>
-<li>For those that take a filename as their only argument the calls are mapped
-to Rio instance methods as described above for FileTest.
-</li>
-<li><tt>dirname</tt>, and <tt>readlink</tt> return Rios instead of strings
-</li>
-<li>Rio has its own <a href="../IF/Path.html#M000145">basename</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000152">join</a> and <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000118">symlink</a>, which provide similar
-functionality.
-</li>
-<li>The class methods which take multiple filenames
-(<tt>chmod</tt>,<tt>chown</tt>,<tt>lchmod</tt>,<tt>lchown</tt>) are
-available as Rio instance methods. For example
-<pre>
- File.chmod(0666,'afile')
-</pre>
-<p>
-becomes
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').chmod(06660)
-</pre>
-</li>
-</ul>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-For I/O Streams
-</p>
-<p>
-Most of the instance methods of IO are available, and most do the same
-thing, with some interface changes. <b>The big exception to this is the
-&#8217;&lt;&lt;&#8217; operator.</b> This is one of Rio&#8217;s grande
-operators. While the symantics one would use to write to an IO object would
-actually accomplish the same thing with a Rio, It is a very different
-operator. Read the section on grande operators. The other differences
-between IO instance methods and the Rio equivelence can be summarized as
-follows.
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>The simple instance methods (eg <tt>fcntl</tt>, <tt>eof?</tt>,
-<tt>tty?</tt> etc.) are forwarded and the result returned as is
-</li>
-<li>Anywhere IO returns an IO, Rio returns a Rio
-</li>
-<li><tt>close</tt> and its cousins return the Rio.
-</li>
-<li><tt>each_byte</tt> and <tt>each_line</tt> are forwarded as is.
-</li>
-<li>All methods which read (read*,get*,each*) will cause the file to closed
-when the end of file is reached. This behavior is configurable, but the
-default is to close on eof
-</li>
-<li>The methods which write (put*,print*) are forwarded as is; put* and print*
-return the Rio; write returns the value returned by IO#write; as mentioned
-above &#8217;&lt;&lt;&#8217; is a grande operator in Rio.
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-For directories:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>all the instance methods of Dir are available except <tt>each</tt> which is
-a grande method.
-</li>
-<li>the class methods <tt>mkdir</tt>, <tt>delete</tt>, <tt>rmdir</tt> are
-provided as instance methods.
-</li>
-<li><tt>chdir</tt> is provided as an instance method. <a
-href="../IF/Dir.html#M000045">chdir</a> returns a Rio and passes a Rio to a
-block if one is provided.
-</li>
-<li><tt>glob</tt> is provided as an instance method, but returns an array of
-Rios
-</li>
-<li><tt>foreach</tt> is not supported
-</li>
-<li><tt>each</tt> and <tt>[]</tt> have similar functionality provided by Rio
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-For other Rios, instance methods are generally forwarded where appropriate.
-For example
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>Rios that refer to StringIO objects forward &#8216;string&#8217; and
-&#8216;string=&#8217;
-</li>
-<li>Rios that refer to http URIs support all the Meta methods provided by
-open-uri
-</li>
-</ul>
-<h4>Grande operators</h4>
-<p>
-The primary grande operator is <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000054">each</a>. <tt>each</tt> is used to iterate
-through Rios. When applied to a file it iterates through records in the
-file. When applied to a directory it iterates through the entries in the
-directory. Its behavior is modified by configuring the Rio prior to calling
-it using the configuration methods discussed above. Since iterating through
-things is ubiquitous in ruby, it is implied by the presence of a block
-after any of the grande configuration methods and many times does not need
-to be call explicitly. For example:
-</p>
-<pre>
- # iterate through chomped ruby comment lines
- rio('afile.rb').chomp.lines(/^\s*#/) { |line| ... }
- # iterate through all .rb files in 'adir' and its subdirectories
- rio('adir').all.files('*.rb') { |f| ... }
-</pre>
-<p>
-Because a Rio is an Enumerable, it supports <tt>to_a</tt>, which is the
-basis for the grande subscript operator. <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000053">[]</a> with no arguments simply calls
-to_a. With arguments it behaves as if those arguments had been passed to
-the most recently called of the grande selection methods listed above, and
-then calls to_a. For example to get the first ten lines of a file into an
-array with lines chomped
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').chomp.lines(0...10).to_a
-</pre>
-<p>
-can be written as
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile.gz').chomp.lines[0...10]
-</pre>
-<p>
-or, to create an array of all the .c files in a directory, one could write
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('adir').files['*.c']
-</pre>
-<p>
-The other grande operators are its copy operators. They are:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li><tt>&lt;</tt> (copy-from)
-</li>
-<li><tt>&lt;&lt;</tt> (append-from)
-</li>
-<li><tt>&gt;</tt> (copy-to)
-</li>
-<li><tt>&gt;&gt;</tt> (append-to)
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-The only difference between the &#8216;copy&#8217; and &#8216;append&#8217;
-versions is how they deal with an unopened resource. In the former the open
-it with mode &#8216;w&#8217; and in the latter, mode &#8216;a&#8217;.
-Beyond that, their behavior can be summarized as:
-</p>
-<pre>
-   source.each do |entry|
-     destination &lt;&lt; entry
-   end
-</pre>
-<p>
-Since they are based on the <tt>each</tt> operator, all of the selection
-and configuration options are available. And the right-hand-side argument
-of the operators are not restricted to Rios &#8212; Strings and Arrays are
-also supported.
-</p>
-<p>
-For example:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile') &gt; astring # copy a file into a string
- rio('afile').chomp &gt; anarray # copy the chomped lines of afile into an array
- rio('afile.gz').gzip.lines(0...100) &gt; rio('bfile') # copy 100 lines from a gzipped file into another file
- rio(?-) &lt; rio('http://rubydoc.org/') # copy a web page to stdout
- rio('bdir') &lt; rio('adir') # copy an entire directory structure
- rio('adir').dirs.files('README') &gt; rio('bdir') # same thing, but only README files
- rio(?-,'ps -a').skiplines(0,/ps$/) &gt; anarray # copy the output of th ps command into an array, skippying
-                                            # the header line and the ps command entry
-</pre>
-<h3>Renaming and Moving</h3>
-<p>
-Rio provides two methods for directly renaming objects on the filesystem:
-<a href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000120">rename</a> and <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000121">rename!</a>. Both of these use
-File#rename. The difference between them is the returned Rio. <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000120">rename</a> leaves the path of the Rio
-unchanged, while <a href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000121">rename!</a> changes
-the path of the Rio to refer to the renamed path.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   ario = rio('a')
-   ario.rename('b')  # file 'a' has been renamed to 'b' but 'ario' =&gt; rio('a')
-   ario.rename!('b')  # file 'a' has been renamed to 'b' and 'ario' =&gt; rio('b')
-</pre>
-<p>
-Rio also has a <tt>rename</tt> mode, which causes the path manipulation
-methods <a href="../IF/Path.html#M000150">dirname=</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000151">filename=</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000149">basename=</a> and <a
-href="../IF/Path.html#M000148">extname=</a> to rename an object on the
-filesystem when they are used to change a Rio&#8217;s path. A Rio is put in
-<tt>rename</tt> mode by calling <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000120">rename</a> with no arguments.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   rio('adir/afile.txt').rename.filename = 'bfile.rb' # adir/afile.txt =&gt; adir/bfile.rb
-   rio('adir/afile.txt').rename.basename = 'bfile'    # adir/afile.txt =&gt; adir/bfile.txt
-   rio('adir/afile.txt').rename.extname  = '.rb'      # adir/afile.txt =&gt; adir/afile.rb
-   rio('adir/afile.txt').rename.dirname =  'b/c'      # adir/afile.txt =&gt; b/c/afile.txt
-</pre>
-<p>
-When <tt>rename</tt> mode is set for a directory Rio, it is automatically
-set in the Rios created when iterating through that directory.
-</p>
-<pre>
-   rio('adir').rename.files('*.htm') do |frio|
-      frio.extname = '.html'  #=&gt; changes the rio and renames the file
-   end
-</pre>
-<h3>Deleting</h3>
-<p>
-The Rio methods for deleting filesystem objects are <a
-href="../IF/File.html#M000216">rm</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Dir.html#M000048">rmdir</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Dir.html#M000049">rmtree</a>, <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000055">delete</a>, and <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000057">delete!</a>. <tt>rm</tt>, <tt>rmdir</tt>
-and <tt>rmtree</tt> are passed the like named methods in the FileUtils
-module. <a href="../IF/Grande.html#M000055">delete</a> calls <tt>rmdir</tt>
-for directories and <tt>rm</tt> for anything else, while <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000057">delete!</a> calls <a
-href="../IF/Dir.html#M000049">rmtree</a> for directories.
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li>To delete something only if it is not a directory use <a
-href="../IF/File.html#M000216">rm</a>
-</li>
-<li>To delete an empty directory use <a href="../IF/Dir.html#M000048">rmdir</a>
-</li>
-<li>To delete an entire directory tree use <a
-href="../IF/Dir.html#M000049">rmtree</a>
-</li>
-<li>To delete anything except a populated directory use <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000055">delete</a>
-</li>
-<li>To delete anything use <a href="../IF/Grande.html#M000057">delete!</a>
-</li>
-</ul>
-<p>
-It is not an error to call any of the deleting methods on something that
-does not exist. Rio provides <a href="../IF/Test.html#M000181">exist?</a>
-and <a href="../IF/Test.html#M000184">symlink?</a> to check if something
-exists (<tt>exist?</tt> returns false for symlinks to non-existant object
-even though the symlink itself exists). The deleting methods&#8217; purpose
-is to make things not exist, so calling one of them on something that
-already does not exist is considered a success.
-</p>
-<p>
-To create a clean copy of a directory whether or not anything with that
-name exists one might do this
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('adir').delete!.mkpath.chdir do
-   # do something in adir
- end
-</pre>
-<hr size="1"></hr><h2>Miscellany</h2>
-<h4>Using Symbolic Links</h4>
-<p>
-To create a symbolic link (symlink) to the file-system entry refered to by
-a Rio, use <a href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000118">symlink</a>. <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000118">symlink</a> differs from File#symlink
-in that it calculates the path from the symlink location to the Rio&#8217;s
-position.
-</p>
-<pre>
- File#symlink('adir/afile','adir/alink')
-</pre>
-<p>
-creates a symlink in the directory &#8216;adir&#8217; named
-&#8216;alink&#8217; which references &#8216;adir/afile&#8217;. From the
-perspective of &#8216;alink&#8217;, &#8216;adir/afile&#8217; does not
-exist. While:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('adir/afile').symlink('adir/alink')
-</pre>
-<p>
-creates a symlink in the directory &#8216;adir&#8217; named
-&#8216;alink&#8217; which references &#8216;afile&#8217;. This is the route
-to &#8216;adir/afile&#8217; from the perspective of
-&#8216;adir/alink&#8217;.
-</p>
-<p>
-Note that the return value from <tt>symlink</tt> is the calling Rio and not
-a Rio refering to the symlink. This is done for consistency with the rest
-of Rio.
-</p>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Test.html#M000184">symlink?</a> can be used to test if a
-file-system object is a symlink. A Rio is extended with <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000119">readlink</a>, and <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000190">lstat</a> only if <a
-href="../IF/Test.html#M000184">symlink?</a> returns true. So for
-non-symlinks, these will raise a NoMethodError. These are both passed to
-their counterparts in File. <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000119">readlink</a> returns a Rio refering to
-the result of File#readlink.
-</p>
-<h4>Using A Rio as an IO (or File or Dir)</h4>
-<p>
-Rio supports so much of IO&#8217;s interface that one might be tempted to
-pass it to a method that expects an IO. While Rio is not and is not
-intended to be a stand in for IO, this can work. It requires knowledge of
-every IO method that will be called, under any circumstances.
-</p>
-<p>
-Even in cases where Rio supports the required IO interface, A Rio feature
-that seems to cause the most incompatibility, is its automatic closing of
-files. To turn off all of Rio&#8217;s automatic closing use <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000099">noautoclose</a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-For example:
-</p>
-<pre>
- require 'yaml'
- yrio = rio('ran.yaml').delete!.noautoclose
- YAML.dump( ['badger', 'elephant', 'tiger'], yrio )
- obj = YAML::load( yrio ) #=&gt; [&quot;badger&quot;, &quot;tiger&quot;, &quot;elephant&quot;]
-</pre>
-<h4>Automatically Closing Files</h4>
-<p>
-Rio closes files automatically in three instances.
-</p>
-<p>
-When reading from an IO it is closed when the end of file is reached. While
-this is a reasonable thing to do in many cases, sometimes this is not
-desired. To turn Rio&#8217;s automatic closing on end of file use <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000094">nocloseoneof</a> (it can be turned
-back on via <a href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000093">closeoneof</a>)
-</p>
-<pre>
- ario = rio('afile').nocloseoneof
- lines = ario[]
- ario.closed?   #=&gt; false
-</pre>
-<p>
-Closing on end-of-file is necessary for many of Rio&#8217;s one-liners, but
-has an implication that may be surprising at first. A Rio starts life as a
-path, not much more than a string. When one of its read methods is called
-it becomes an input stream. When the stream is closed, it becomes a path
-again. This means that when reading from a Rio, the end-of-file condition
-is seen only once before it becomes a path again, and will be reopened if
-another read operation is attempted.
-</p>
-<p>
-Another time a Rio will be closed atomatically is when writing to it with
-one of the copy operators (<tt>&lt;, &lt;&lt;, &gt;, &gt;&gt;</tt>). This
-behavior can be turned off with <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000097">nocloseoncopy</a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-To turn off both of thes types of automatic closing use <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000099">noautoclose</a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-The third instance when Rio will close a file automatically is when a file
-opened for one type of access receives a method which that access mode does
-not support. So, the code
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').puts(&quot;Hello World&quot;).gets
-</pre>
-<p>
-will open the file for write access when the <tt>puts</tt> method is
-received. When <tt>gets</tt> is called the file is closed and reopened with
-read access.
-</p>
-<h4>Explicitly Closing Files</h4>
-<p>
-Rio can not determine when the client is finished writing to it, as it does
-using <tt>eof</tt> on read. It is the author&#8217;s understanding that
-Ruby does not support a mechanism to have code run when there are no more
-references to it &#8212; that finalizers are not necessarily run immediatly
-upon an object&#8217;s reference count reaching 0. If this understanding is
-incorrect, some of Rio&#8217;s extranious ways of closing a file may be
-rethought.
-</p>
-<p>
-That being said, Rio support several ways to explicitly close a file. <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000030">close</a> will close any open Rio. The
-output methods <a href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000022">puts!</a>, <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000019">putc!</a>, <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000017">printf!</a>, <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000016">print!</a>, and <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000023">write!</a> behave as if their counterparts
-without the exclamation point had been called and then call <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000030">close</a> or <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000031">close_write</a> if the underlying IO
-object is opened for duplex access.
-</p>
-<h4>Open mode selection</h4>
-<p>
-A Rio is typically not explicitly opened. It opens a file automatically
-when an input or output methed is called. For output methods Rio opens a
-file with mode &#8216;w&#8217;, and otherwise opens a file with mode
-&#8216;r&#8217;. This behavior can be modified using the tersely named
-methods <a href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000086">a</a>, <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000088">a!</a>, <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000089">r</a>, <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000090">r!</a>, <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000091">w</a>, and <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000092">w!</a>, which cause the Rio to use
-modes
-&#8216;a&#8217;,&#8217;a+&#8217;,&#8217;r&#8217;,&#8217;r+&#8217;,&#8217;w&#8217;,and
-&#8216;w+&#8217; respectively.
-</p>
-<p>
-One way to append a string to a file and close it in one line is
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').a.puts!(&quot;Hello World&quot;)
-</pre>
-<p>
-Run a cmd that must be opened for read and write
-</p>
-<pre>
- ans = rio(?-,'cat').w!.puts!(&quot;Hello Kitty&quot;).readline
-</pre>
-<p>
-The automatic selection of mode can be bypassed entirely using <a
-href="../IF/RubyIO.html#M000028">mode</a> and <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000117">open</a>.
-</p>
-<p>
-If a mode is specified using <tt>mode</tt>, the file will still be opened
-automatically, but the mode specified in the <tt>mode</tt> method will be
-used regardless of whether it makes sense.
-</p>
-<p>
-A Rio can also be opened explicitly using <a
-href="../IF/FileOrDir.html#M000117">open</a>. <tt>open</tt> takes one
-parameter, a mode. This also will override all of Rio&#8217;s automatic
-mode selection.
-</p>
-<h4>CSV mode</h4>
-<p>
-Rio uses the CSV class from the Ruby standard library to provide support
-for reading and writing comma-separated-value files. Normally using
-<tt>(skip)records</tt> is identical to <tt>(skip)lines</tt> because while
-<tt>records</tt> only selects and does not specify the record-type,
-<tt>lines</tt> is the default.
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').records(1..2)
-</pre>
-<p>
-effectively means
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile').lines.records(1..2)
-</pre>
-<p>
-The CSV extension distingishes between items selected using <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000076">records</a> and those selected using
-<a href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000074">lines</a>. Rio returns records
-parsed into Arrays by the CSV library when <tt>records</tt> is used, and
-returns Strings as normal when <tt>lines</tt> is used. <tt>records</tt> is
-the default.
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('f.csv').puts!([&quot;h0,h1&quot;,&quot;f0,f1&quot;])
- rio('f.csv').csv.records[]    #==&gt;[[&quot;h0&quot;, &quot;h1&quot;], [&quot;f0&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;]]
- rio('f.csv').csv[]            #==&gt; same thing
- rio('f.csv').csv.lines[]      #==&gt;[&quot;h0,h1\n&quot;, &quot;f0,f1\n&quot;]
- rio('f.csv').csv.records[0]   #==&gt;[[&quot;h0&quot;, &quot;h1&quot;]]
- rio('f.csv').csv[0]           #==&gt; same thing
- rio('f.csv').csv.lines[0]     #==&gt;[&quot;h0,h1\n&quot;]
- rio('f.csv').csv.skiprecords[0] #==&gt;[[&quot;f0&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;]]
- rio('f.csv').csv.skiplines[0]   #==&gt;[&quot;f0,f1\n&quot;]
-</pre>
-<p>
-This distinction, of course, applies equally when using the copy operators
-and <tt>each</tt>
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('f.csv').csv[0] &gt; rio('out').csv # out contains &quot;f0,f1\n&quot;
- rio('f.csv').csv { |array_of_fields| ... }
-</pre>
-<p>
-Notice that <tt>csv</tt> mode is called on both the input and output Rios.
-The <tt>csv</tt> on the &#8216;out&#8217; Rio causes it to treat an array
-written to it as an array of records which is converted into CSV format
-before writing. Without the <tt>csv</tt>, the output would be written as if
-Array#to_s on [[&quot;f0&quot;,&quot;f1&quot;]] had been called
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('f.csv').csv[0] &gt; rio('out') # out contains &quot;f0f1&quot;
-</pre>
-<p>
-The String representing a record that is returned when using <tt>lines</tt>
-is extended with a <tt>to_a</tt> method which will parse it into an array
-of fields. Likewise the Array returned when a record is returned using
-<tt>records</tt> is extended with a modified <tt>to_s</tt> which treats it
-as an array CSV fields, rather than just an array of strings.
-</p>
-<pre>
- array_of_lines = rio('f.csv').csv.lines[1]      #==&gt;[&quot;f0,f1\n&quot;]
- array_of_records = rio('f.csv').csv.records[1]  #==&gt;[[&quot;f0&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;]]
- array_of_lines[0].to_a                          #==&gt;[&quot;f0&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;]
- array_of_records[0].to_s                        #==&gt;&quot;f0,f1&quot;
-</pre>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/CSV.html#M000129">csv</a> takes two optional parameters,
-which are passed on to the CSV library. They are the
-<tt>field_separator</tt> and the <tt>record_separator</tt>.
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('semisep').puts!([&quot;h0;h1&quot;,&quot;f0;f1&quot;])
- rio('semisep').csv(';').to_a  #==&gt;[[&quot;h0&quot;, &quot;h1&quot;], [&quot;f0&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;]]
-</pre>
-<p>
-These are specified independently on the source and destination when using
-the copy operators.
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('semisep').csv(';') &gt; rio('colonsep').csv(':')
- rio('colonsep').contents  #==&gt;&quot;h0:h1\nf0:f1\n&quot;
-</pre>
-<p>
-Rio provides two methods for selecting fields from CSV records in a manner
-similar to that provided for selecting lines &#8212; <a
-href="../IF/CSV.html#M000130">columns</a> and <a
-href="../IF/CSV.html#M000131">skipcolumns</a>.
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('f.csv').puts!([&quot;h0,h1,h2,h3&quot;,&quot;f0,f1,f2,f3&quot;])
- rio('f.csv').csv.columns(0).to_a       #==&gt;[[&quot;h0&quot;], [&quot;f0&quot;]]
- rio('f.csv').csv.skipcolumns(0).to_a     #==&gt;[[&quot;h1&quot;, &quot;h2&quot;, &quot;h3&quot;], [&quot;f1&quot;, &quot;f2&quot;, &quot;f3&quot;]]
- rio('f.csv').csv.columns(1..2).to_a    #==&gt;[[&quot;h1&quot;, &quot;h2&quot;], [&quot;f1&quot;, &quot;f2&quot;]]
- rio('f.csv').csv.skipcolumns(1..2).to_a  #==&gt;[[&quot;h0&quot;, &quot;h3&quot;], [&quot;f0&quot;, &quot;f3&quot;]]
-</pre>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/CSV.html#M000130">columns</a> can, of course be used with
-the <tt>each</tt> and the copy operators:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('f.csv').csv.columns(0..1) &gt; rio('out').csv
- rio('out').contents  #==&gt;&quot;h0,h1\nf0,f1\n&quot;
-</pre>
-<h4>YAML mode</h4>
-<p>
-Rio uses the YAML class from the Ruby standard library to provide support
-for reading and writing YAML files. Normally using <tt>(skip)records</tt>
-is identical to <tt>(skip)lines</tt> because while <tt>records</tt> only
-selects and does not specify the record-type, <tt>lines</tt> is the
-default.
-</p>
-<p>
-The YAML extension distingishes between items selected using <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000076">records</a>, <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000079">rows</a> and <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000074">lines</a>. Rio returns objects
-loaded via YAML#load when <tt>records</tt> is used; returns the YAML text
-as a String when <tt>rows</tt> is used; and returns lines as Strings as
-normal when <tt>lines</tt> is used. <tt>records</tt> is the default. In
-yaml-mode, <tt>(skip)records</tt> can be called as <tt>(skip)objects</tt>
-and <tt>(skip)rows</tt> can be called as <tt>(skip)documents</tt>
-</p>
-<p>
-To read a single YAML document, Rio provides #getobj and #load For example,
-consider the following partial &#8216;database.yml&#8217; from the rails
-distribution:
-</p>
-<pre>
- development:
-   adapter: mysql
-   database: rails_development
- test:
-   adapter: mysql
-   database: rails_test
-</pre>
-<p>
-To get the object represented in the yaml file:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('database.yml').yaml.load
-    ==&gt;{&quot;development&quot;=&gt;{&quot;adapter&quot;=&gt;&quot;mysql&quot;, &quot;database&quot;=&gt;&quot;rails_development&quot;},
-        &quot;test&quot;=&gt;{&quot;adapter&quot;=&gt;&quot;mysql&quot;, &quot;database&quot;=&gt;&quot;rails_test&quot;}}
-</pre>
-<p>
-Or one could read parts of the file like so:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('database.yml').yaml.getobj['development']['database']
-    ==&gt;&quot;rails_development&quot;
-</pre>
-<p>
-Single objects can be written using #putobj and #putobj! which is aliased
-to #dump
-</p>
-<pre>
- anobject = {
-   'production' =&gt; {
-     'adapter' =&gt; 'mysql',
-     'database' =&gt; 'rails_production',
-   }
- }
- rio('afile.yaml').yaml.dump(anobject)
-</pre>
-<p>
-<a href="../IF/Grande.html#M000058">></a> (copy-to) and <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000061">>></a> (append-to) will fill an array with
-with all selected YAML documents in the Rio. For non-arrays, the yaml text
-is copied. (This may change if a useful reasonable alternative can be
-found)
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile.yaml').yaml &gt; anarray # load all YAML documents from 'afile.yaml'
-</pre>
-<p>
-Single objects can be written using <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000085">putrec</a> (aliased to <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000174">putobj</a> and <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000176">dump</a>)
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile.yaml').yaml.putobj(anobject)
-</pre>
-<p>
-Single objects can be loaded using <a
-href="../IF/GrandeStream.html#M000081">getrec</a> (aliase to <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000172">getobj</a> and <a
-href="../IF/YAML.html#M000173">load</a>)
-</p>
-<pre>
- anobject = rio('afile.yaml').yaml.getobj
-</pre>
-<p>
-A Rio in yaml-mode is just like any other Rio. And all the things you can
-do with any Rio come for free. They can be iterated over using <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000054">each</a> and read into an array using <a
-href="../IF/Grande.html#M000053">[]</a> just like any other Rio. All the
-selection criteria are identical also.
-</p>
-<p>
-Get the first three objects into an array:
-</p>
-<pre>
- array_of_objects = rio('afile.yaml').yaml[0..2]
-</pre>
-<p>
-Iterate over only YAML documents that are a kind_of ::Hash use:
-</p>
-<pre>
- rio('afile.yaml').yaml(::Hash) {|ahash| ...}
-</pre>
-<p>
-This takes advantage of the fact that the default for matching records is
-<tt>===</tt>
-</p>
-<p>
-Selecting records using a Proc can be used as normal:
-</p>
-<pre>
- anarray = rio('afile.yaml').yaml(proc{|anobject| ...}).to_a
-</pre>
-<hr size="1"></hr><p>
-See also:
-</p>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="SYNOPSIS.html">RIO::Doc::SYNOPSIS</a>
-</li>
-<li><a href="HOWTO.html">RIO::Doc::HOWTO</a>
-</li>
-<li><a href="EXAMPLES.html">RIO::Doc::EXAMPLES</a>
-</li>
-<li><a href="../Rio.html">RIO::Rio</a>
-</li>
-</ul>
-    </div>
-   </div>
-    <!-- if includes -->
-    <div id="section">
-    <!-- if method_list -->
-</div>
-  </div>
-<div id="validator-badges">
-   <p><small>Copyright &copy; 2005,2006,2007,2008 Christopher Kleckner.  <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">All rights reserved</a>.</small></p>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>