regexp_parser 1.8.2 → 2.1.0

data/lib/regexp_parser/scanner/char_type.rl

@@ -10,17 +10,17 @@
   # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   char_type := |*
     char_type_char {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te, 1).first
-      when '\d'; emit(:type, :digit,      text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\D'; emit(:type, :nondigit,   text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\h'; emit(:type, :hex,        text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\H'; emit(:type, :nonhex,     text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\s'; emit(:type, :space,      text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\S'; emit(:type, :nonspace,   text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\w'; emit(:type, :word,       text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\W'; emit(:type, :nonword,    text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\R'; emit(:type, :linebreak,  text, ts - 1, te)
-      when '\X'; emit(:type, :xgrapheme,  text, ts - 1, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts-1, te)
+      when '\d'; emit(:type, :digit,      text)
+      when '\D'; emit(:type, :nondigit,   text)
+      when '\h'; emit(:type, :hex,        text)
+      when '\H'; emit(:type, :nonhex,     text)
+      when '\s'; emit(:type, :space,      text)
+      when '\S'; emit(:type, :nonspace,   text)
+      when '\w'; emit(:type, :word,       text)
+      when '\W'; emit(:type, :nonword,    text)
+      when '\R'; emit(:type, :linebreak,  text)
+      when '\X'; emit(:type, :xgrapheme,  text)
       end
       fret;
     };

data/lib/regexp_parser/scanner/property.rl

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
   unicode_property := |*
 
     property_sequence < eof(premature_property_end) {
-      text = text(data, ts, te, 1).first
+      text = copy(data, ts-1, te)
       type = (text[1] == 'P') ^ (text[3] == '^') ? :nonproperty : :property
 
       name = data[ts+2..te-2].pack('c*').gsub(/[\^\s_\-]/, '').downcase
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
       token = self.class.short_prop_map[name] || self.class.long_prop_map[name]
       raise UnknownUnicodePropertyError.new(name) unless token
 
-      self.emit(type, token.to_sym, text, ts-1, te)
+      self.emit(type, token.to_sym, text)
 
       fret;
     };

data/lib/regexp_parser/scanner/scanner.rl

@@ -3,6 +3,11 @@
   include re_char_type "char_type.rl";
   include re_property  "property.rl";
 
+  utf8_2_byte           = (0xc2..0xdf 0x80..0xbf);
+  utf8_3_byte           = (0xe0..0xef 0x80..0xbf 0x80..0xbf);
+  utf8_4_byte           = (0xf0..0xf4 0x80..0xbf 0x80..0xbf 0x80..0xbf);
+  utf8_multibyte        = utf8_2_byte | utf8_3_byte | utf8_4_byte;
+
   dot                   = '.';
   backslash             = '\\';
   alternation           = '|';
@@ -15,7 +20,7 @@
 
   group_open            = '(';
   group_close           = ')';
-  parantheses           = group_open | group_close;
+  parentheses           = group_open | group_close;
 
   set_open              = '[';
   set_close             = ']';
@@ -32,7 +37,7 @@
   class_posix           = ('[:' . '^'? . class_name_posix . ':]');
 
 
-  # these are not supported in ruby, and need verification
+  # these are not supported in ruby at the moment
   collating_sequence    = '[.' . (alpha | [\-])+ . '.]';
   character_equivalent  = '[=' . alpha . '=]';
 
@@ -53,6 +58,8 @@
 
   meta_sequence         = 'M-' . (backslash . ('c' | 'C-'))? . backslash? . any;
 
+  sequence_char         = [CMcux];
+
   zero_or_one           = '?' | '??' | '?+';
   zero_or_more          = '*' | '*?' | '*+';
   one_or_more           = '+' | '+?' | '++';
@@ -90,21 +97,26 @@
   group_options         = '?' . ( [^!#'():<=>~]+ . ':'? ) ?;
 
   group_ref             = [gk];
-  group_name_char       = (alnum | '_');
-  group_name_id         = (group_name_char . (group_name_char+)?)?;
-  group_number          = '-'? . [1-9] . ([0-9]+)?;
+  group_name_id_ab      = ([^0-9\->] | utf8_multibyte) . ([^>] | utf8_multibyte)*;
+  group_name_id_sq      = ([^0-9\-'] | utf8_multibyte) . ([^'] | utf8_multibyte)*;
+  group_number          = '-'? . [1-9] . [0-9]*;
   group_level           = [+\-] . [0-9]+;
 
-  group_name            = ('<' . group_name_id . '>') | ("'" . group_name_id . "'");
+  group_name            = ('<' . group_name_id_ab? . '>') |
+                          ("'" . group_name_id_sq? . "'");
   group_lookup          = group_name | group_number;
 
   group_named           = ('?' . group_name );
 
-  group_name_ref        = group_ref . (('<' . group_name_id . group_level? '>') |
-                                       ("'" . group_name_id . group_level? "'"));
+  group_name_backref    = 'k' . (('<' . group_name_id_ab? . group_level? '>') |
+                                 ("'" . group_name_id_sq? . group_level? "'"));
+  group_name_call       = 'g' . (('<' . group_name_id_ab? . group_level? '>') |
+                                 ("'" . group_name_id_sq? . group_level? "'"));
 
-  group_number_ref      = group_ref . (('<' . group_number . group_level? '>') |
-                                       ("'" . group_number . group_level? "'"));
+  group_number_backref  = 'k' . (('<' . group_number . group_level? '>') |
+                                 ("'" . group_number . group_level? "'"));
+  group_number_call     = 'g' . (('<' . ((group_number . group_level?) | '0') '>') |
+                                 ("'" . ((group_number . group_level?) | '0') "'"));
 
   group_type            = group_atomic | group_passive | group_absence | group_named;
 
@@ -115,7 +127,7 @@
 
   # characters that 'break' a literal
   meta_char             = dot | backslash | alternation |
-                          curlies | parantheses | brackets |
+                          curlies | parentheses | brackets |
                           line_anchor | quantifier_greedy;
 
   literal_delimiters    = ']' | '}';
@@ -123,25 +135,23 @@
   ascii_print           = ((0x20..0x7e) - meta_char - '#');
   ascii_nonprint        = (0x01..0x1f | 0x7f);
 
-  utf8_2_byte           = (0xc2..0xdf 0x80..0xbf);
-  utf8_3_byte           = (0xe0..0xef 0x80..0xbf 0x80..0xbf);
-  utf8_4_byte           = (0xf0..0xf4 0x80..0xbf 0x80..0xbf 0x80..0xbf);
-
   non_literal_escape    = char_type_char | anchor_char | escaped_ascii |
-                          keep_mark | [xucCM];
+                          keep_mark | sequence_char;
+
+  # escapes that also work within a character set
+  set_escape            = backslash | brackets | escaped_ascii | property_char |
+                          sequence_char | single_codepoint_char_type;
 
-  non_set_escape        = (anchor_char - 'b') | group_ref | keep_mark |
-                          multi_codepoint_char_type | [0-9cCM];
 
   # EOF error, used where it can be detected
   action premature_end_error {
-    text = ts ? copy(data, ts-1..-1) : data.pack('c*')
+    text = copy(data, ts ? ts-1 : 0, -1)
     raise PrematureEndError.new( text )
   }
 
   # Invalid sequence error, used from sequences, like escapes and sets
   action invalid_sequence_error {
-    text = ts ? copy(data, ts-1..-1) : data.pack('c*')
+    text = copy(data, ts ? ts-1 : 0, -1)
     validation_error(:sequence, 'sequence', text)
   }
 
@@ -156,7 +166,7 @@
   # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   character_set := |*
     set_close > (set_meta, 2) @set_closed {
-      emit(:set, :close, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:set, :close, copy(data, ts, te))
       if in_set?
         fret;
       else
@@ -165,8 +175,8 @@
     };
 
     '-]' @set_closed { # special case, emits two tokens
-      emit(:literal, :literal, copy(data, ts..te-2), ts, te - 1)
-      emit(:set, :close, copy(data, ts+1..te-1), ts + 1, te)
+      emit(:literal, :literal, copy(data, ts, te-1))
+      emit(:set, :close, copy(data, ts+1, te))
       if in_set?
         fret;
       else
@@ -175,33 +185,33 @@
     };
 
     '-&&' { # special case, emits two tokens
-      emit(:literal, :literal, '-', ts, te)
-      emit(:set, :intersection, '&&', ts, te)
+      emit(:literal, :literal, '-')
+      emit(:set, :intersection, '&&')
     };
 
     '^' {
-      text = text(data, ts, te).first
+      text = copy(data, ts, te)
       if tokens.last[1] == :open
-        emit(:set, :negate, text, ts, te)
+        emit(:set, :negate, text)
       else
-        emit(:literal, :literal, text, ts, te)
+        emit(:literal, :literal, text)
       end
     };
 
     '-' {
-      text = text(data, ts, te).first
+      text = copy(data, ts, te)
       # ranges cant start with a subset or intersection/negation/range operator
       if tokens.last[0] == :set
-        emit(:literal, :literal, text, ts, te)
+        emit(:literal, :literal, text)
       else
-        emit(:set, :range, text, ts, te)
+        emit(:set, :range, text)
       end
     };
 
     # Unlike ranges, intersections can start or end at set boundaries, whereupon
     # they match nothing: r = /[a&&]/; [r =~ ?a, r =~ ?&] # => [nil, nil]
     '&&' {
-      emit(:set, :intersection, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:set, :intersection, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
     backslash {
@@ -209,12 +219,12 @@
     };
 
     set_open >(open_bracket, 1) >set_opened {
-      emit(:set, :open, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:set, :open, copy(data, ts, te))
       fcall character_set;
     };
 
     class_posix >(open_bracket, 1) @set_closed @eof(premature_end_error)  {
-      text = text(data, ts, te).first
+      text = copy(data, ts, te)
 
       type = :posixclass
       class_name = text[2..-3]
@@ -223,45 +233,40 @@
         type = :nonposixclass
       end
 
-      emit(type, class_name.to_sym, text, ts, te)
+      emit(type, class_name.to_sym, text)
     };
 
-    collating_sequence >(open_bracket, 1) @set_closed @eof(premature_end_error)  {
-      emit(:set, :collation, *text(data, ts, te))
-    };
-
-    character_equivalent >(open_bracket, 1) @set_closed @eof(premature_end_error)  {
-      emit(:set, :equivalent, *text(data, ts, te))
-    };
+    # These are not supported in ruby at the moment. Enable them if they are.
+    # collating_sequence >(open_bracket, 1) @set_closed @eof(premature_end_error)  {
+    #   emit(:set, :collation, copy(data, ts, te))
+    # };
+    # character_equivalent >(open_bracket, 1) @set_closed @eof(premature_end_error)  {
+    #   emit(:set, :equivalent, copy(data, ts, te))
+    # };
 
     meta_char > (set_meta, 1) {
-      emit(:literal, :literal, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:literal, :literal, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
-    any            |
-    ascii_nonprint |
-    utf8_2_byte    |
-    utf8_3_byte    |
-    utf8_4_byte    {
-      char, *rest = *text(data, ts, te)
-      char.force_encoding('utf-8') if char.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
-      emit(:literal, :literal, char, *rest)
+    any | ascii_nonprint | utf8_multibyte {
+      text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      emit(:literal, :literal, text)
     };
   *|;
 
   # set escapes scanner
   # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   set_escape_sequence := |*
-    non_set_escape > (escaped_set_alpha, 2) {
-      emit(:escape, :literal, *text(data, ts, te, 1))
-      fret;
-    };
-
-    any > (escaped_set_alpha, 1) {
+    set_escape > (escaped_set_alpha, 2) {
       fhold;
       fnext character_set;
       fcall escape_sequence;
     };
+
+    any > (escaped_set_alpha, 1) {
+      emit(:escape, :literal, copy(data, ts-1, te))
+      fret;
+    };
   *|;
 
 
@@ -269,33 +274,33 @@
   # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   escape_sequence := |*
     [1-9] {
-      text = text(data, ts, te, 1).first
-      emit(:backref, :number, text, ts-1, te)
+      text = copy(data, ts-1, te)
+      emit(:backref, :number, text)
       fret;
     };
 
     octal_sequence {
-      emit(:escape, :octal, *text(data, ts, te, 1))
+      emit(:escape, :octal, copy(data, ts-1, te))
       fret;
     };
 
     meta_char {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te, 1).first
-      when '\.';  emit(:escape, :dot,               text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\|';  emit(:escape, :alternation,       text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\^';  emit(:escape, :bol,               text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\$';  emit(:escape, :eol,               text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\?';  emit(:escape, :zero_or_one,       text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\*';  emit(:escape, :zero_or_more,      text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\+';  emit(:escape, :one_or_more,       text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\(';  emit(:escape, :group_open,        text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\)';  emit(:escape, :group_close,       text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\{';  emit(:escape, :interval_open,     text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\}';  emit(:escape, :interval_close,    text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\[';  emit(:escape, :set_open,          text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\]';  emit(:escape, :set_close,         text, ts-1, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts-1, te)
+      when '\.';  emit(:escape, :dot,               text)
+      when '\|';  emit(:escape, :alternation,       text)
+      when '\^';  emit(:escape, :bol,               text)
+      when '\$';  emit(:escape, :eol,               text)
+      when '\?';  emit(:escape, :zero_or_one,       text)
+      when '\*';  emit(:escape, :zero_or_more,      text)
+      when '\+';  emit(:escape, :one_or_more,       text)
+      when '\(';  emit(:escape, :group_open,        text)
+      when '\)';  emit(:escape, :group_close,       text)
+      when '\{';  emit(:escape, :interval_open,     text)
+      when '\}';  emit(:escape, :interval_close,    text)
+      when '\[';  emit(:escape, :set_open,          text)
+      when '\]';  emit(:escape, :set_close,         text)
       when "\\\\";
-        emit(:escape, :backslash, text, ts-1, te)
+        emit(:escape, :backslash, text)
       end
       fret;
     };
@@ -303,31 +308,31 @@
     escaped_ascii > (escaped_alpha, 7) {
       # \b is emitted as backspace only when inside a character set, otherwise
       # it is a word boundary anchor. A syntax might "normalize" it if needed.
-      case text = text(data, ts, te, 1).first
-      when '\a'; emit(:escape, :bell,           text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\b'; emit(:escape, :backspace,      text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\e'; emit(:escape, :escape,         text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\f'; emit(:escape, :form_feed,      text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\n'; emit(:escape, :newline,        text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\r'; emit(:escape, :carriage,       text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\t'; emit(:escape, :tab,            text, ts-1, te)
-      when '\v'; emit(:escape, :vertical_tab,   text, ts-1, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts-1, te)
+      when '\a'; emit(:escape, :bell,           text)
+      when '\b'; emit(:escape, :backspace,      text)
+      when '\e'; emit(:escape, :escape,         text)
+      when '\f'; emit(:escape, :form_feed,      text)
+      when '\n'; emit(:escape, :newline,        text)
+      when '\r'; emit(:escape, :carriage,       text)
+      when '\t'; emit(:escape, :tab,            text)
+      when '\v'; emit(:escape, :vertical_tab,   text)
       end
       fret;
     };
 
     codepoint_sequence > (escaped_alpha, 6) $eof(premature_end_error) {
-      text = text(data, ts, te, 1).first
+      text = copy(data, ts-1, te)
       if text[2].chr == '{'
-        emit(:escape, :codepoint_list, text, ts-1, te)
+        emit(:escape, :codepoint_list, text)
       else
-        emit(:escape, :codepoint,      text, ts-1, te)
+        emit(:escape, :codepoint,      text)
       end
       fret;
     };
 
-    hex_sequence > (escaped_alpha, 5) $eof(premature_end_error) {
-      emit(:escape, :hex, *text(data, ts, te, 1))
+    hex_sequence > (escaped_alpha, 5) @eof(premature_end_error) {
+      emit(:escape, :hex, copy(data, ts-1, te))
       fret;
     };
 
@@ -357,8 +362,8 @@
       fcall unicode_property;
     };
 
-    (any -- non_literal_escape) > (escaped_alpha, 1)  {
-      emit(:escape, :literal, *text(data, ts, te, 1))
+    (any -- non_literal_escape) | utf8_multibyte > (escaped_alpha, 1) {
+      emit(:escape, :literal, copy(data, ts-1, te))
       fret;
     };
   *|;
@@ -368,9 +373,9 @@
   # --------------------------------------------------------------------------
   conditional_expression := |*
     group_lookup . ')' {
-      text = text(data, ts, te-1).first
-      emit(:conditional, :condition, text, ts, te-1)
-      emit(:conditional, :condition_close, ')', te-1, te)
+      text = copy(data, ts, te-1)
+      emit(:conditional, :condition, text)
+      emit(:conditional, :condition_close, ')')
     };
 
     any {
@@ -387,39 +392,39 @@
     # Meta characters
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     dot {
-      emit(:meta, :dot, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:meta, :dot, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
     alternation {
       if conditional_stack.last == group_depth
-        emit(:conditional, :separator, *text(data, ts, te))
+        emit(:conditional, :separator, copy(data, ts, te))
       else
-        emit(:meta, :alternation, *text(data, ts, te))
+        emit(:meta, :alternation, copy(data, ts, te))
       end
     };
 
     # Anchors
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     beginning_of_line {
-      emit(:anchor, :bol, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:anchor, :bol, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
     end_of_line {
-      emit(:anchor, :eol, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:anchor, :eol, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
     backslash . keep_mark > (backslashed, 4) {
-      emit(:keep, :mark, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:keep, :mark, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
     backslash . anchor_char > (backslashed, 3) {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      when '\\A'; emit(:anchor, :bos,                text, ts, te)
-      when '\\z'; emit(:anchor, :eos,                text, ts, te)
-      when '\\Z'; emit(:anchor, :eos_ob_eol,         text, ts, te)
-      when '\\b'; emit(:anchor, :word_boundary,      text, ts, te)
-      when '\\B'; emit(:anchor, :nonword_boundary,   text, ts, te)
-      when '\\G'; emit(:anchor, :match_start,        text, ts, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when '\\A'; emit(:anchor, :bos,                text)
+      when '\\z'; emit(:anchor, :eos,                text)
+      when '\\Z'; emit(:anchor, :eos_ob_eol,         text)
+      when '\\b'; emit(:anchor, :word_boundary,      text)
+      when '\\B'; emit(:anchor, :nonword_boundary,   text)
+      when '\\G'; emit(:anchor, :match_start,        text)
       end
     };
 
@@ -430,7 +435,7 @@
     # Character sets
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     set_open >set_opened {
-      emit(:set, :open, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:set, :open, copy(data, ts, te))
       fcall character_set;
     };
 
@@ -439,12 +444,12 @@
     #   (?(condition)Y|N)   conditional expression
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     conditional {
-      text = text(data, ts, te).first
+      text = copy(data, ts, te)
 
       conditional_stack << group_depth
 
-      emit(:conditional, :open, text[0..-2], ts, te-1)
-      emit(:conditional, :condition_open, '(', te-1, te)
+      emit(:conditional, :open, text[0..-2])
+      emit(:conditional, :condition_open, '(')
       fcall conditional_expression;
     };
 
@@ -455,7 +460,7 @@
     # correct closing count.
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     group_open . group_comment $group_closed {
-      emit(:group, :comment, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:group, :comment, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
     # Expression options:
@@ -470,11 +475,11 @@
     #   (?imxdau-imx:subexp)  option on/off for subexp
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     group_open . group_options >group_opened {
-      text = text(data, ts, te).first
+      text = copy(data, ts, te)
       if text[2..-1] =~ /([^\-mixdau:]|^$)|-.*([dau])/
         raise InvalidGroupOption.new($1 || "-#{$2}", text)
       end
-      emit_options(text, ts, te)
+      emit_options(text)
     };
 
     # Assertions
@@ -484,11 +489,11 @@
     #   (?<!subexp)         negative look-behind
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     group_open . assertion_type >group_opened {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      when '(?=';  emit(:assertion, :lookahead,    text, ts, te)
-      when '(?!';  emit(:assertion, :nlookahead,   text, ts, te)
-      when '(?<='; emit(:assertion, :lookbehind,   text, ts, te)
-      when '(?<!'; emit(:assertion, :nlookbehind,  text, ts, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when '(?=';  emit(:assertion, :lookahead,    text)
+      when '(?!';  emit(:assertion, :nlookahead,   text)
+      when '(?<='; emit(:assertion, :lookbehind,   text)
+      when '(?<!'; emit(:assertion, :nlookbehind,  text)
       end
     };
 
@@ -501,32 +506,32 @@
     #   (subexp)            captured group
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     group_open . group_type >group_opened {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      when '(?:';  emit(:group, :passive,      text, ts, te)
-      when '(?>';  emit(:group, :atomic,       text, ts, te)
-      when '(?~';  emit(:group, :absence,      text, ts, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when '(?:';  emit(:group, :passive,      text)
+      when '(?>';  emit(:group, :atomic,       text)
+      when '(?~';  emit(:group, :absence,      text)
 
       when /^\(\?(?:<>|'')/
         validation_error(:group, 'named group', 'name is empty')
 
-      when /^\(\?<\w*>/
-        emit(:group, :named_ab,  text, ts, te)
+      when /^\(\?<[^>]+>/
+        emit(:group, :named_ab,  text)
 
-      when /^\(\?'\w*'/
-        emit(:group, :named_sq,  text, ts, te)
+      when /^\(\?'[^']+'/
+        emit(:group, :named_sq,  text)
 
       end
     };
 
     group_open @group_opened {
-      text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      emit(:group, :capture, text, ts, te)
+      text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      emit(:group, :capture, text)
     };
 
     group_close @group_closed {
       if conditional_stack.last == group_depth + 1
         conditional_stack.pop
-        emit(:conditional, :close, *text(data, ts, te))
+        emit(:conditional, :close, copy(data, ts, te))
       else
         if spacing_stack.length > 1 &&
            spacing_stack.last[:depth] == group_depth + 1
@@ -534,72 +539,42 @@
           self.free_spacing = spacing_stack.last[:free_spacing]
         end
 
-        emit(:group, :close, *text(data, ts, te))
+        emit(:group, :close, copy(data, ts, te))
       end
     };
 
 
     # Group backreference, named and numbered
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    backslash . (group_name_ref | group_number_ref) > (backslashed, 4) {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      when /^\\([gk])(<>|'')/ # angle brackets
-        validation_error(:backref, 'ref/call', 'ref ID is empty')
-
-      when /^\\([gk])<[^\d+-]\w*>/ # angle-brackets
-        if $1 == 'k'
-          emit(:backref, :name_ref_ab, text, ts, te)
-        else
-          emit(:backref, :name_call_ab, text, ts, te)
-        end
-
-      when /^\\([gk])'[^\d+-]\w*'/ #single quotes
-        if $1 == 'k'
-          emit(:backref, :name_ref_sq, text, ts, te)
-        else
-          emit(:backref, :name_call_sq, text, ts, te)
-        end
-
-      when /^\\([gk])<\d+>/ # angle-brackets
-        if $1 == 'k'
-          emit(:backref, :number_ref_ab, text, ts, te)
-        else
-          emit(:backref, :number_call_ab, text, ts, te)
-        end
-
-      when /^\\([gk])'\d+'/ # single quotes
-        if $1 == 'k'
-          emit(:backref, :number_ref_sq, text, ts, te)
-        else
-          emit(:backref, :number_call_sq, text, ts, te)
-        end
-
-      when /^\\(?:g<\+|g<-|(k)<-)\d+>/ # angle-brackets
-        if $1 == 'k'
-          emit(:backref, :number_rel_ref_ab, text, ts, te)
-        else
-          emit(:backref, :number_rel_call_ab, text, ts, te)
-        end
-
-      when /^\\(?:g'\+|g'-|(k)'-)\d+'/ # single quotes
-        if $1 == 'k'
-          emit(:backref, :number_rel_ref_sq, text, ts, te)
-        else
-          emit(:backref, :number_rel_call_sq, text, ts, te)
-        end
-
-      when /^\\k<[^\d+\-]\w*[+\-]\d+>/ # angle-brackets
-        emit(:backref, :name_recursion_ref_ab, text, ts, te)
-
-      when /^\\k'[^\d+\-]\w*[+\-]\d+'/ # single-quotes
-        emit(:backref, :name_recursion_ref_sq, text, ts, te)
-
-      when /^\\([gk])<[+\-]?\d+[+\-]\d+>/ # angle-brackets
-        emit(:backref, :number_recursion_ref_ab, text, ts, te)
-
-      when /^\\([gk])'[+\-]?\d+[+\-]\d+'/ # single-quotes
-        emit(:backref, :number_recursion_ref_sq, text, ts, te)
+    backslash . (group_name_backref | group_number_backref) > (backslashed, 4) {
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when /^\\k(<>|'')/
+        validation_error(:backref, 'backreference', 'ref ID is empty')
+      when /^\\k(.)[^\p{digit}\-][^+\-]*\D$/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :name_ref_ab : :name_ref_sq, text)
+      when /^\\k(.)\d+\D$/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :number_ref_ab : :number_ref_sq, text)
+      when /^\\k(.)-\d+\D$/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :number_rel_ref_ab : :number_rel_ref_sq, text)
+      when /^\\k(.)[^\p{digit}\-].*[+\-]\d+\D$/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :name_recursion_ref_ab : :name_recursion_ref_sq, text)
+      when /^\\k(.)-?\d+[+\-]\d+\D$/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :number_recursion_ref_ab : :number_recursion_ref_sq, text)
+      end
+    };
 
+    # Group call, named and numbered
+    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    backslash . (group_name_call | group_number_call) > (backslashed, 4) {
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when /^\\g(<>|'')/
+        validation_error(:backref, 'subexpression call', 'ref ID is empty')
+      when /^\\g(.)[^\p{digit}+\->][^+\-]*/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :name_call_ab : :name_call_sq, text)
+      when /^\\g(.)\d+\D$/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :number_call_ab : :number_call_sq, text)
+      when /^\\g(.)[+-]\d+/
+        emit(:backref, $1 == '<' ? :number_rel_call_ab : :number_rel_call_sq, text)
       end
     };
 
@@ -607,31 +582,31 @@
     # Quantifiers
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
     zero_or_one {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      when '?' ;  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_one,            text, ts, te)
-      when '??';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_one_reluctant,  text, ts, te)
-      when '?+';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_one_possessive, text, ts, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when '?' ;  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_one,            text)
+      when '??';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_one_reluctant,  text)
+      when '?+';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_one_possessive, text)
       end
     };
 
     zero_or_more {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      when '*' ;  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_more,            text, ts, te)
-      when '*?';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_more_reluctant,  text, ts, te)
-      when '*+';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_more_possessive, text, ts, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when '*' ;  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_more,            text)
+      when '*?';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_more_reluctant,  text)
+      when '*+';  emit(:quantifier, :zero_or_more_possessive, text)
       end
     };
 
     one_or_more {
-      case text = text(data, ts, te).first
-      when '+' ;  emit(:quantifier, :one_or_more,            text, ts, te)
-      when '+?';  emit(:quantifier, :one_or_more_reluctant,  text, ts, te)
-      when '++';  emit(:quantifier, :one_or_more_possessive, text, ts, te)
+      case text = copy(data, ts, te)
+      when '+' ;  emit(:quantifier, :one_or_more,            text)
+      when '+?';  emit(:quantifier, :one_or_more_reluctant,  text)
+      when '++';  emit(:quantifier, :one_or_more_possessive, text)
       end
     };
 
     quantifier_interval  {
-      emit(:quantifier, :interval, *text(data, ts, te))
+      emit(:quantifier, :interval, copy(data, ts, te))
     };
 
     # Catch unmatched curly braces as literals
@@ -647,7 +622,7 @@
 
     comment {
       if free_spacing
-        emit(:free_space, :comment, *text(data, ts, te))
+        emit(:free_space, :comment, copy(data, ts, te))
       else
         # consume only the pound sign (#) and backtrack to do regular scanning
         append_literal(data, ts, ts + 1)
@@ -657,7 +632,7 @@
 
     space+ {
       if free_spacing
-        emit(:free_space, :whitespace, *text(data, ts, te))
+        emit(:free_space, :whitespace, copy(data, ts, te))
       else
         append_literal(data, ts, te)
       end
@@ -666,11 +641,7 @@
     # Literal: any run of ASCII (pritable or non-printable), and/or UTF-8,
     # except meta characters.
     # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    (ascii_print -- space)+    |
-    ascii_nonprint+ |
-    utf8_2_byte+    |
-    utf8_3_byte+    |
-    utf8_4_byte+    {
+    (ascii_print -- space)+ | ascii_nonprint+ | utf8_multibyte+ {
       append_literal(data, ts, te)
     };
 
@@ -682,10 +653,10 @@
 
 class Regexp::Scanner
   # General scanner error (catch all)
-  class ScannerError < StandardError; end
+  class ScannerError < Regexp::Parser::Error; end
 
   # Base for all scanner validation errors
-  class ValidationError < StandardError
+  class ValidationError < Regexp::Parser::Error
     def initialize(reason)
       super reason
     end
@@ -760,6 +731,7 @@ class Regexp::Scanner
     self.set_depth = 0
     self.group_depth = 0
     self.conditional_stack = []
+    self.char_pos = 0
 
     %% write data;
     %% write init;
@@ -769,7 +741,7 @@ class Regexp::Scanner
     testEof = testEof
 
     if cs == re_scanner_error
-      text = ts ? copy(data, ts-1..-1) : data.pack('c*')
+      text = copy(data, ts ? ts-1 : 0, -1)
       raise ScannerError.new("Scan error at '#{text}'")
     end
 
@@ -786,7 +758,7 @@ class Regexp::Scanner
 
   # lazy-load property maps when first needed
   require 'yaml'
-  PROP_MAPS_DIR = File.expand_path('../scanner/properties', __FILE__)
+  PROP_MAPS_DIR = File.join(__dir__, 'scanner', 'properties')
 
   def self.short_prop_map
     @short_prop_map ||= YAML.load_file("#{PROP_MAPS_DIR}/short.yml")
@@ -797,22 +769,29 @@ class Regexp::Scanner
   end
 
   # Emits an array with the details of the scanned pattern
-  def emit(type, token, text, ts, te)
+  def emit(type, token, text)
     #puts "EMIT: type: #{type}, token: #{token}, text: #{text}, ts: #{ts}, te: #{te}"
 
     emit_literal if literal
 
+    # Ragel runs with byte-based indices (ts, te). These are of little value to
+    # end-users, so we keep track of char-based indices and emit those instead.
+    ts_char_pos = char_pos
+    te_char_pos = char_pos + text.length
+
     if block
-      block.call type, token, text, ts, te
+      block.call type, token, text, ts_char_pos, te_char_pos
     end
 
-    tokens << [type, token, text, ts, te]
+    tokens << [type, token, text, ts_char_pos, te_char_pos]
+
+    self.char_pos = te_char_pos
   end
 
   private
 
   attr_accessor :tokens, :literal, :block, :free_spacing, :spacing_stack,
-                :group_depth, :set_depth, :conditional_stack
+                :group_depth, :set_depth, :conditional_stack, :char_pos
 
   def free_spacing?(input_object, options)
     if options && !input_object.is_a?(String)
@@ -835,36 +814,25 @@ class Regexp::Scanner
   end
 
   # Copy from ts to te from data as text
-  def copy(data, range)
-    data[range].pack('c*')
-  end
-
-  # Copy from ts to te from data as text, returning an array with the text
-  #  and the offsets used to copy it.
-  def text(data, ts, te, soff = 0)
-    [copy(data, ts-soff..te-1), ts-soff, te]
+  def copy(data, ts, te)
+    data[ts...te].pack('c*').force_encoding('utf-8')
   end
 
   # Appends one or more characters to the literal buffer, to be emitted later
-  # by a call to emit_literal. Contents can be a mix of ASCII and UTF-8.
+  # by a call to emit_literal.
   def append_literal(data, ts, te)
     self.literal = literal || []
-    literal << text(data, ts, te)
+    literal << copy(data, ts, te)
   end
 
-  # Emits the literal run collected by calls to the append_literal method,
-  # using the total start (ts) and end (te) offsets of the run.
+  # Emits the literal run collected by calls to the append_literal method.
   def emit_literal
-    ts, te = literal.first[1], literal.last[2]
-    text = literal.map {|t| t[0]}.join
-
-    text.force_encoding('utf-8') if text.respond_to?(:force_encoding)
-
+    text = literal.join
     self.literal = nil
-    emit(:literal, :literal, text, ts, te)
+    emit(:literal, :literal, text)
   end
 
-  def emit_options(text, ts, te)
+  def emit_options(text)
     token = nil
 
     # Ruby allows things like '(?-xxxx)' or '(?xx-xx--xx-:abc)'.
@@ -890,14 +858,14 @@ class Regexp::Scanner
       token = :options_switch
     end
 
-    emit(:group, token, text, ts, te)
+    emit(:group, token, text)
   end
 
   def emit_meta_control_sequence(data, ts, te, token)
     if data.last < 0x00 || data.last > 0x7F
       validation_error(:sequence, 'escape', token.to_s)
     end
-    emit(:escape, token, *text(data, ts, te, 1))
+    emit(:escape, token, copy(data, ts-1, te))
   end
 
   # Centralizes and unifies the handling of validation related