redis 4.1.1 → 4.2.1

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data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,5 +1,54 @@
 # Unreleased
 
+# 4.2.1
+
+* Fix `exists?` returning an actual boolean when called with multiple keys. See #918.
+* Setting `Redis.exists_returns_integer = false` disables warning message about new behaviour. See #920.
+
+# 4.2.0
+
+* Convert commands to accept keyword arguments rather than option hashes. This both help catching typos, and reduce needless allocations.
+* Deprecate the synchrony driver. It will be removed in 5.0 and hopefully maintained as a separate gem. See #915.
+* Make `Redis#exists` variadic, will return an Integer if called with multiple keys.
+* Add `Redis#exists?` to get a Boolean if any of the keys exists.
+* `Redis#exists` when called with a single key will warn that future versions will return an Integer.
+  Set `Redis.exists_returns_integer = true` to opt-in to the new behavior.
+* Support `keepttl` ooption in `set`. See #913.
+* Optimized initialization of Redis::Cluster. See #912.
+* Accept sentinel options even with string key. See #599.
+* Verify TLS connections by default. See #900.
+
+# 4.1.4
+
+* Alias `Redis#disconnect` as `#close`. See #901.
+* Handle clusters with multiple slot ranges. See #894.
+* Fix password authentication to a redis cluster. See #889.
+* Handle recursive MOVED responses. See #882.
+* Increase buffer size in the ruby connector. See #880.
+* Fix thread safety of `Redis.queue`. See #878.
+* Deprecate `Redis::Future#==` as it's likely to be a mistake. See #876.
+* Support `KEEPTTL` option for SET command. See #913.
+
+# 4.1.3
+
+* Fix the client hanging forever when connecting with SSL to a non-SSL server. See #835.
+
+# 4.1.2
+
+* Fix several authentication problems with sentinel. See #850 and #856.
+* Explicitly drop Ruby 2.2 support.
+
+
+# 4.1.1
+
+* Fix error handling in multi blocks. See #754.
+* Fix geoadd to accept arrays like georadius and georadiusbymember. See #841.
+* Fix georadius command failing when long == lat. See #841.
+* Fix timeout error in xread block: 0. See #837.
+* Fix incompatibility issue with redis-objects. See #834.
+* Properly handle Errno::EADDRNOTAVAIL on connect.
+* Fix password authentication to sentinel instances. See #813.
+
 # 4.1.0
 
 * Add Redis Cluster support. See #716.

data/README.md

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
-# redis-rb [![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-link] [![Inline docs][inchpages-image]][inchpages-link]
+# redis-rb [![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-link] [![Inline docs][inchpages-image]][inchpages-link] ![](https://github.com/redis/redis-rb/workflows/Test/badge.svg?branch=master)
 
 A Ruby client that tries to match [Redis][redis-home]' API one-to-one, while still
 providing an idiomatic interface.
 
+See [RubyDoc.info][rubydoc] for the API docs of the latest published gem.
 
 ## Getting started
 
@@ -34,6 +35,9 @@ You can also specify connection options as a [`redis://` URL][redis-url]:
 redis = Redis.new(url: "redis://:p4ssw0rd@10.0.1.1:6380/15")
 ```
 
+The client expects passwords with special chracters to be URL-encoded (i.e.
+`CGI.escape(password)`).
+
 By default, the client will try to read the `REDIS_URL` environment variable
 and use that as URL to connect to. The above statement is therefore equivalent
 to setting this environment variable and calling `Redis.new` without arguments.
@@ -95,6 +99,15 @@ but a few so that if one is down the client will try the next one. The client
 is able to remember the last Sentinel that was able to reply correctly and will
 use it for the next requests.
 
+If you want to [authenticate](https://redis.io/topics/sentinel#configuring-sentinel-instances-with-authentication) Sentinel itself, you must specify the `password` option per instance.
+
+```ruby
+SENTINELS = [{ host: '127.0.0.1', port: 26380, password: 'mysecret' },
+             { host: '127.0.0.1', port: 26381, password: 'mysecret' }]
+
+redis = Redis.new(host: 'mymaster', sentinels: SENTINELS, role: :master)
+```
+
 ## Cluster support
 
 `redis-rb` supports [clustering](https://redis.io/topics/cluster-spec).
@@ -133,12 +146,13 @@ redis.mget('{key}1', '{key}2')
 ```
 
 * The client automatically reconnects after a failover occurred, but the caller is responsible for handling errors while it is happening.
+* The client support permanent node failures, and will reroute requests to promoted slaves.
 * The client supports `MOVED` and `ASK` redirections transparently.
 
 ## Storing objects
 
-Redis only stores strings as values. If you want to store an object, you
-can use a serialization mechanism such as JSON:
+Redis "string" types can be used to store serialized Ruby objects, for
+example with JSON:
 
 ```ruby
 require "json"
@@ -312,7 +326,7 @@ This library supports natively terminating client side SSL/TLS connections
 when talking to Redis via a server-side proxy such as [stunnel], [hitch],
 or [ghostunnel].
 
-To enable SSL support, pass the `:ssl => :true` option when configuring the
+To enable SSL support, pass the `:ssl => true` option when configuring the
 Redis client, or pass in `:url => "rediss://..."` (like HTTPS for Redis).
 You will also need to pass in an `:ssl_params => { ... }` hash used to
 configure the `OpenSSL::SSL::SSLContext` object used for the connection:
@@ -427,6 +441,10 @@ redis = Redis.new(:driver => :synchrony)
 This library is tested against recent Ruby and Redis versions.
 Check [Travis][travis-link] for the exact versions supported.
 
+## See Also
+
+- [async-redis](https://github.com/socketry/async-redis) — An [async](https://github.com/socketry/async) compatible Redis client.
+
 ## Contributors
 
 Several people contributed to redis-rb, but we would like to especially
@@ -437,7 +455,7 @@ client and evangelized Redis in Rubyland. Thank you, Ezra.
 ## Contributing
 
 [Fork the project](https://github.com/redis/redis-rb) and send pull
-requests. You can also ask for help at `#redis-rb` on Freenode.
+requests.
 
 
 [inchpages-image]: https://inch-ci.org/github/redis/redis-rb.svg

data/lib/redis.rb

@@ -4,13 +4,26 @@ require "monitor"
 require_relative "redis/errors"
 
 class Redis
+  class << self
+    attr_reader :exists_returns_integer
 
-  def self.current
-    @current ||= Redis.new
+    def exists_returns_integer=(value)
+      unless value
+        message = "`Redis#exists(key)` will return an Integer by default in redis-rb 4.3. The option to explicitly " \
+          "disable this behaviour via `Redis.exists_returns_integer` will be removed in 5.0. You should use " \
+          "`exists?` instead."
+
+        ::Kernel.warn(message)
+      end
+
+      @exists_returns_integer = value
+    end
+
+    attr_writer :current
   end
 
-  def self.current=(redis)
-    @current = redis
+  def self.current
+    @current ||= Redis.new
   end
 
   include MonitorMixin
@@ -18,18 +31,22 @@ class Redis
   # Create a new client instance
   #
   # @param [Hash] options
-  # @option options [String] :url (value of the environment variable REDIS_URL) a Redis URL, for a TCP connection: `redis://:[password]@[hostname]:[port]/[db]` (password, port and database are optional), for a unix socket connection: `unix://[path to Redis socket]`. This overrides all other options.
+  # @option options [String] :url (value of the environment variable REDIS_URL) a Redis URL, for a TCP connection:
+  #   `redis://:[password]@[hostname]:[port]/[db]` (password, port and database are optional), for a unix socket
+  #    connection: `unix://[path to Redis socket]`. This overrides all other options.
   # @option options [String] :host ("127.0.0.1") server hostname
-  # @option options [Fixnum] :port (6379) server port
+  # @option options [Integer] :port (6379) server port
   # @option options [String] :path path to server socket (overrides host and port)
   # @option options [Float] :timeout (5.0) timeout in seconds
   # @option options [Float] :connect_timeout (same as timeout) timeout for initial connect in seconds
   # @option options [String] :password Password to authenticate against server
-  # @option options [Fixnum] :db (0) Database to select after initial connect
+  # @option options [Integer] :db (0) Database to select after initial connect
   # @option options [Symbol] :driver Driver to use, currently supported: `:ruby`, `:hiredis`, `:synchrony`
-  # @option options [String] :id ID for the client connection, assigns name to current connection by sending `CLIENT SETNAME`
-  # @option options [Hash, Fixnum] :tcp_keepalive Keepalive values, if Fixnum `intvl` and `probe` are calculated based on the value, if Hash `time`, `intvl` and `probes` can be specified as a Fixnum
-  # @option options [Fixnum] :reconnect_attempts Number of attempts trying to connect
+  # @option options [String] :id ID for the client connection, assigns name to current connection by sending
+  #   `CLIENT SETNAME`
+  # @option options [Hash, Integer] :tcp_keepalive Keepalive values, if Integer `intvl` and `probe` are calculated
+  #   based on the value, if Hash `time`, `intvl` and `probes` can be specified as a Integer
+  # @option options [Integer] :reconnect_attempts Number of attempts trying to connect
   # @option options [Boolean] :inherit_socket (false) Whether to use socket in forked process or not
   # @option options [Array] :sentinels List of sentinels to contact
   # @option options [Symbol] :role (:master) Role to fetch via Sentinel, either `:master` or `:slave`
@@ -53,7 +70,7 @@ class Redis
   end
 
   # Run code with the client reconnecting
-  def with_reconnect(val=true, &blk)
+  def with_reconnect(val = true, &blk)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.with_reconnect(val, &blk)
     end
@@ -96,7 +113,9 @@ class Redis
   # See http://redis.io/topics/pipelining for more details.
   #
   def queue(*command)
-    @queue[Thread.current.object_id] << command
+    synchronize do
+      @queue[Thread.current.object_id] << command
+    end
   end
 
   # Sends all commands in the queue.
@@ -135,7 +154,7 @@ class Redis
 
   # Change the selected database for the current connection.
   #
-  # @param [Fixnum] db zero-based index of the DB to use (0 to 15)
+  # @param [Integer] db zero-based index of the DB to use (0 to 15)
   # @return [String] `OK`
   def select(db)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -204,7 +223,7 @@ class Redis
   def config(action, *args)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:config, action] + args) do |reply|
-        if reply.kind_of?(Array) && action == :get
+        if reply.is_a?(Array) && action == :get
           Hashify.call(reply)
         else
           reply
@@ -234,7 +253,7 @@ class Redis
 
   # Return the number of keys in the selected database.
   #
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def dbsize
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:dbsize])
@@ -255,7 +274,7 @@ class Redis
   def flushall(options = nil)
     synchronize do |client|
       if options && options[:async]
-        client.call([:flushall, :async])
+        client.call(%i[flushall async])
       else
         client.call([:flushall])
       end
@@ -270,7 +289,7 @@ class Redis
   def flushdb(options = nil)
     synchronize do |client|
       if options && options[:async]
-        client.call([:flushdb, :async])
+        client.call(%i[flushdb async])
       else
         client.call([:flushdb])
       end
@@ -284,7 +303,7 @@ class Redis
   def info(cmd = nil)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:info, cmd].compact) do |reply|
-        if reply.kind_of?(String)
+        if reply.is_a?(String)
           reply = HashifyInfo.call(reply)
 
           if cmd && cmd.to_s == "commandstats"
@@ -303,7 +322,7 @@ class Redis
 
   # Get the UNIX time stamp of the last successful save to disk.
   #
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def lastsave
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:lastsave])
@@ -355,9 +374,9 @@ class Redis
   # Interact with the slowlog (get, len, reset)
   #
   # @param [String] subcommand e.g. `get`, `len`, `reset`
-  # @param [Fixnum] length maximum number of entries to return
-  # @return [Array<String>, Fixnum, String] depends on subcommand
-  def slowlog(subcommand, length=nil)
+  # @param [Integer] length maximum number of entries to return
+  # @return [Array<String>, Integer, String] depends on subcommand
+  def slowlog(subcommand, length = nil)
     synchronize do |client|
       args = [:slowlog, subcommand]
       args << length if length
@@ -377,12 +396,12 @@ class Redis
   # @example
   #   r.time # => [ 1333093196, 606806 ]
   #
-  # @return [Array<Fixnum>] tuple of seconds since UNIX epoch and
+  # @return [Array<Integer>] tuple of seconds since UNIX epoch and
   #   microseconds in the current second
   def time
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:time]) do |reply|
-        reply.map(&:to_i) if reply
+        reply&.map(&:to_i)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -400,7 +419,7 @@ class Redis
   # Set a key's time to live in seconds.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] seconds time to live
+  # @param [Integer] seconds time to live
   # @return [Boolean] whether the timeout was set or not
   def expire(key, seconds)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -411,7 +430,7 @@ class Redis
   # Set the expiration for a key as a UNIX timestamp.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] unix_time expiry time specified as a UNIX timestamp
+  # @param [Integer] unix_time expiry time specified as a UNIX timestamp
   # @return [Boolean] whether the timeout was set or not
   def expireat(key, unix_time)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -422,7 +441,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get the time to live (in seconds) for a key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum] remaining time to live in seconds.
+  # @return [Integer] remaining time to live in seconds.
   #
   # In Redis 2.6 or older the command returns -1 if the key does not exist or if
   # the key exist but has no associated expire.
@@ -440,7 +459,7 @@ class Redis
   # Set a key's time to live in milliseconds.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] milliseconds time to live
+  # @param [Integer] milliseconds time to live
   # @return [Boolean] whether the timeout was set or not
   def pexpire(key, milliseconds)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -451,7 +470,7 @@ class Redis
   # Set the expiration for a key as number of milliseconds from UNIX Epoch.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] ms_unix_time expiry time specified as number of milliseconds from UNIX Epoch.
+  # @param [Integer] ms_unix_time expiry time specified as number of milliseconds from UNIX Epoch.
   # @return [Boolean] whether the timeout was set or not
   def pexpireat(key, ms_unix_time)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -462,7 +481,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get the time to live (in milliseconds) for a key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum] remaining time to live in milliseconds
+  # @return [Integer] remaining time to live in milliseconds
   # In Redis 2.6 or older the command returns -1 if the key does not exist or if
   # the key exist but has no associated expire.
   #
@@ -495,9 +514,9 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:replace => Boolean`: if false, raises an error if key already exists
   # @raise [Redis::CommandError]
   # @return [String] `"OK"`
-  def restore(key, ttl, serialized_value, options = {})
+  def restore(key, ttl, serialized_value, replace: nil)
     args = [:restore, key, ttl, serialized_value]
-    args << 'REPLACE' if options[:replace]
+    args << 'REPLACE' if replace
 
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call(args)
@@ -532,7 +551,7 @@ class Redis
   # Delete one or more keys.
   #
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of keys that were deleted
+  # @return [Integer] number of keys that were deleted
   def del(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:del] + keys)
@@ -542,20 +561,50 @@ class Redis
   # Unlink one or more keys.
   #
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of keys that were unlinked
+  # @return [Integer] number of keys that were unlinked
   def unlink(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:unlink] + keys)
     end
   end
 
-  # Determine if a key exists.
+  # Determine how many of the keys exists.
   #
-  # @param [String] key
+  # @param [String, Array<String>] keys
+  # @return [Integer]
+  def exists(*keys)
+    if !Redis.exists_returns_integer && keys.size == 1
+      if Redis.exists_returns_integer.nil?
+        message = "`Redis#exists(key)` will return an Integer in redis-rb 4.3. `exists?` returns a boolean, you " \
+          "should use it instead. To opt-in to the new behavior now you can set Redis.exists_returns_integer =  " \
+          "true. To disable this message and keep the current (boolean) behaviour of 'exists' you can set " \
+          "`Redis.exists_returns_integer = false`, but this option will be removed in 5.0. " \
+          "(#{::Kernel.caller(1, 1).first})\n"
+
+        ::Kernel.warn(message)
+      end
+
+      exists?(*keys)
+    else
+      _exists(*keys)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def _exists(*keys)
+    synchronize do |client|
+      client.call([:exists, *keys])
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Determine if any of the keys exists.
+  #
+  # @param [String, Array<String>] keys
   # @return [Boolean]
-  def exists(key)
+  def exists?(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:exists, key], &Boolify)
+      client.call([:exists, *keys]) do |value|
+        value > 0
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -566,7 +615,7 @@ class Redis
   def keys(pattern = "*")
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:keys, pattern]) do |reply|
-        if reply.kind_of?(String)
+        if reply.is_a?(String)
           reply.split(" ")
         else
           reply
@@ -592,7 +641,7 @@ class Redis
   #     # => "bar"
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] db
+  # @param [Integer] db
   # @return [Boolean] whether the key was moved or not
   def move(key, db)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -656,36 +705,33 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:order => String`: combination of `ASC`, `DESC` and optionally `ALPHA`
   #   - `:store => String`: key to store the result at
   #
-  # @return [Array<String>, Array<Array<String>>, Fixnum]
+  # @return [Array<String>, Array<Array<String>>, Integer]
   #   - when `:get` is not specified, or holds a single element, an array of elements
   #   - when `:get` is specified, and holds more than one element, an array of
   #   elements where every element is an array with the result for every
   #   element specified in `:get`
   #   - when `:store` is specified, the number of elements in the stored result
-  def sort(key, options = {})
-    args = []
-
-    by = options[:by]
-    args.concat(["BY", by]) if by
+  def sort(key, by: nil, limit: nil, get: nil, order: nil, store: nil)
+    args = [:sort, key]
+    args << "BY" << by if by
 
-    limit = options[:limit]
-    args.concat(["LIMIT"] + limit) if limit
+    if limit
+      args << "LIMIT"
+      args.concat(limit)
+    end
 
-    get = Array(options[:get])
-    args.concat(["GET"].product(get).flatten) unless get.empty?
+    get = Array(get)
+    get.each do |item|
+      args << "GET" << item
+    end
 
-    order = options[:order]
     args.concat(order.split(" ")) if order
-
-    store = options[:store]
-    args.concat(["STORE", store]) if store
+    args << "STORE" << store if store
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:sort, key] + args) do |reply|
+      client.call(args) do |reply|
         if get.size > 1 && !store
-          if reply
-            reply.each_slice(get.size).to_a
-          end
+          reply.each_slice(get.size).to_a if reply
         else
           reply
         end
@@ -710,7 +756,7 @@ class Redis
   #     # => 4
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum] value after decrementing it
+  # @return [Integer] value after decrementing it
   def decr(key)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:decr, key])
@@ -724,8 +770,8 @@ class Redis
   #     # => 0
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] decrement
-  # @return [Fixnum] value after decrementing it
+  # @param [Integer] decrement
+  # @return [Integer] value after decrementing it
   def decrby(key, decrement)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:decrby, key, decrement])
@@ -739,7 +785,7 @@ class Redis
   #     # => 6
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum] value after incrementing it
+  # @return [Integer] value after incrementing it
   def incr(key)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:incr, key])
@@ -753,8 +799,8 @@ class Redis
   #     # => 10
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] increment
-  # @return [Fixnum] value after incrementing it
+  # @param [Integer] increment
+  # @return [Integer] value after incrementing it
   def incrby(key, increment)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:incrby, key, increment])
@@ -781,31 +827,25 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String] value
   # @param [Hash] options
-  #   - `:ex => Fixnum`: Set the specified expire time, in seconds.
-  #   - `:px => Fixnum`: Set the specified expire time, in milliseconds.
+  #   - `:ex => Integer`: Set the specified expire time, in seconds.
+  #   - `:px => Integer`: Set the specified expire time, in milliseconds.
   #   - `:nx => true`: Only set the key if it does not already exist.
   #   - `:xx => true`: Only set the key if it already exist.
+  #   - `:keepttl => true`: Retain the time to live associated with the key.
   # @return [String, Boolean] `"OK"` or true, false if `:nx => true` or `:xx => true`
-  def set(key, value, options = {})
-    args = []
-
-    ex = options[:ex]
-    args.concat(["EX", ex]) if ex
-
-    px = options[:px]
-    args.concat(["PX", px]) if px
-
-    nx = options[:nx]
-    args.concat(["NX"]) if nx
-
-    xx = options[:xx]
-    args.concat(["XX"]) if xx
+  def set(key, value, ex: nil, px: nil, nx: nil, xx: nil, keepttl: nil)
+    args = [:set, key, value.to_s]
+    args << "EX" << ex if ex
+    args << "PX" << px if px
+    args << "NX" if nx
+    args << "XX" if xx
+    args << "KEEPTTL" if keepttl
 
     synchronize do |client|
       if nx || xx
-        client.call([:set, key, value.to_s] + args, &BoolifySet)
+        client.call(args, &BoolifySet)
       else
-        client.call([:set, key, value.to_s] + args)
+        client.call(args)
       end
     end
   end
@@ -813,7 +853,7 @@ class Redis
   # Set the time to live in seconds of a key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] ttl
+  # @param [Integer] ttl
   # @param [String] value
   # @return [String] `"OK"`
   def setex(key, ttl, value)
@@ -825,7 +865,7 @@ class Redis
   # Set the time to live in milliseconds of a key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] ttl
+  # @param [Integer] ttl
   # @param [String] value
   # @return [String] `"OK"`
   def psetex(key, ttl, value)
@@ -887,7 +927,7 @@ class Redis
   # @see #mapped_msetnx
   def msetnx(*args)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:msetnx] + args, &Boolify)
+      client.call([:msetnx, *args], &Boolify)
     end
   end
 
@@ -918,7 +958,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get the values of all the given keys.
   #
   # @example
-  #   redis.mget("key1", "key1")
+  #   redis.mget("key1", "key2")
   #     # => ["v1", "v2"]
   #
   # @param [Array<String>] keys
@@ -927,7 +967,7 @@ class Redis
   # @see #mapped_mget
   def mget(*keys, &blk)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:mget] + keys, &blk)
+      client.call([:mget, *keys], &blk)
     end
   end
 
@@ -943,7 +983,7 @@ class Redis
   # @see #mget
   def mapped_mget(*keys)
     mget(*keys) do |reply|
-      if reply.kind_of?(Array)
+      if reply.is_a?(Array)
         Hash[keys.zip(reply)]
       else
         reply
@@ -954,9 +994,9 @@ class Redis
   # Overwrite part of a string at key starting at the specified offset.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] offset byte offset
+  # @param [Integer] offset byte offset
   # @param [String] value
-  # @return [Fixnum] length of the string after it was modified
+  # @return [Integer] length of the string after it was modified
   def setrange(key, offset, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:setrange, key, offset, value.to_s])
@@ -966,10 +1006,10 @@ class Redis
   # Get a substring of the string stored at a key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] start zero-based start offset
-  # @param [Fixnum] stop zero-based end offset. Use -1 for representing
+  # @param [Integer] start zero-based start offset
+  # @param [Integer] stop zero-based end offset. Use -1 for representing
   #   the end of the string
-  # @return [Fixnum] `0` or `1`
+  # @return [Integer] `0` or `1`
   def getrange(key, start, stop)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:getrange, key, start, stop])
@@ -979,9 +1019,9 @@ class Redis
   # Sets or clears the bit at offset in the string value stored at key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] offset bit offset
-  # @param [Fixnum] value bit value `0` or `1`
-  # @return [Fixnum] the original bit value stored at `offset`
+  # @param [Integer] offset bit offset
+  # @param [Integer] value bit value `0` or `1`
+  # @return [Integer] the original bit value stored at `offset`
   def setbit(key, offset, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:setbit, key, offset, value])
@@ -991,8 +1031,8 @@ class Redis
   # Returns the bit value at offset in the string value stored at key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] offset bit offset
-  # @return [Fixnum] `0` or `1`
+  # @param [Integer] offset bit offset
+  # @return [Integer] `0` or `1`
   def getbit(key, offset)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:getbit, key, offset])
@@ -1003,7 +1043,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String] value value to append
-  # @return [Fixnum] length of the string after appending
+  # @return [Integer] length of the string after appending
   def append(key, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:append, key, value])
@@ -1013,9 +1053,9 @@ class Redis
   # Count the number of set bits in a range of the string value stored at key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] start start index
-  # @param [Fixnum] stop stop index
-  # @return [Fixnum] the number of bits set to 1
+  # @param [Integer] start start index
+  # @param [Integer] stop stop index
+  # @return [Integer] the number of bits set to 1
   def bitcount(key, start = 0, stop = -1)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:bitcount, key, start, stop])
@@ -1027,25 +1067,23 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String] operation e.g. `and`, `or`, `xor`, `not`
   # @param [String] destkey destination key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys one or more source keys to perform `operation`
-  # @return [Fixnum] the length of the string stored in `destkey`
+  # @return [Integer] the length of the string stored in `destkey`
   def bitop(operation, destkey, *keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:bitop, operation, destkey] + keys)
+      client.call([:bitop, operation, destkey, *keys])
     end
   end
 
   # Return the position of the first bit set to 1 or 0 in a string.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] bit whether to look for the first 1 or 0 bit
-  # @param [Fixnum] start start index
-  # @param [Fixnum] stop stop index
-  # @return [Fixnum] the position of the first 1/0 bit.
+  # @param [Integer] bit whether to look for the first 1 or 0 bit
+  # @param [Integer] start start index
+  # @param [Integer] stop stop index
+  # @return [Integer] the position of the first 1/0 bit.
   #                  -1 if looking for 1 and it is not found or start and stop are given.
-  def bitpos(key, bit, start=nil, stop=nil)
-    if stop and not start
-      raise(ArgumentError, 'stop parameter specified without start parameter')
-    end
+  def bitpos(key, bit, start = nil, stop = nil)
+    raise(ArgumentError, 'stop parameter specified without start parameter') if stop && !start
 
     synchronize do |client|
       command = [:bitpos, key, bit]
@@ -1070,7 +1108,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get the length of the value stored in a key.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum] the length of the value stored in the key, or 0
+  # @return [Integer] the length of the value stored in the key, or 0
   #   if the key does not exist
   def strlen(key)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -1081,7 +1119,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get the length of a list.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def llen(key)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:llen, key])
@@ -1092,7 +1130,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] value string value, or array of string values to push
-  # @return [Fixnum] the length of the list after the push operation
+  # @return [Integer] the length of the list after the push operation
   def lpush(key, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:lpush, key, value])
@@ -1103,7 +1141,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String] value
-  # @return [Fixnum] the length of the list after the push operation
+  # @return [Integer] the length of the list after the push operation
   def lpushx(key, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:lpushx, key, value])
@@ -1114,7 +1152,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] value string value, or array of string values to push
-  # @return [Fixnum] the length of the list after the push operation
+  # @return [Integer] the length of the list after the push operation
   def rpush(key, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:rpush, key, value])
@@ -1125,7 +1163,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String] value
-  # @return [Fixnum] the length of the list after the push operation
+  # @return [Integer] the length of the list after the push operation
   def rpushx(key, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:rpushx, key, value])
@@ -1164,21 +1202,21 @@ class Redis
   end
 
   def _bpop(cmd, args, &blk)
-    options = {}
-
-    if args.last.is_a?(Hash)
+    timeout = if args.last.is_a?(Hash)
       options = args.pop
+      options[:timeout]
     elsif args.last.respond_to?(:to_int)
       # Issue deprecation notice in obnoxious mode...
-      options[:timeout] = args.pop.to_int
+      args.pop.to_int
     end
 
+    timeout ||= 0
+
     if args.size > 1
       # Issue deprecation notice in obnoxious mode...
     end
 
     keys = args.flatten
-    timeout = options[:timeout] || 0
 
     synchronize do |client|
       command = [cmd, keys, timeout]
@@ -1203,7 +1241,7 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys one or more keys to perform the
   #   blocking pop on
   # @param [Hash] options
-  #   - `:timeout => Fixnum`: timeout in seconds, defaults to no timeout
+  #   - `:timeout => Integer`: timeout in seconds, defaults to no timeout
   #
   # @return [nil, [String, String]]
   #   - `nil` when the operation timed out
@@ -1217,7 +1255,7 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys one or more keys to perform the
   #   blocking pop on
   # @param [Hash] options
-  #   - `:timeout => Fixnum`: timeout in seconds, defaults to no timeout
+  #   - `:timeout => Integer`: timeout in seconds, defaults to no timeout
   #
   # @return [nil, [String, String]]
   #   - `nil` when the operation timed out
@@ -1234,20 +1272,12 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String] source source key
   # @param [String] destination destination key
   # @param [Hash] options
-  #   - `:timeout => Fixnum`: timeout in seconds, defaults to no timeout
+  #   - `:timeout => Integer`: timeout in seconds, defaults to no timeout
   #
   # @return [nil, String]
   #   - `nil` when the operation timed out
   #   - the element was popped and pushed otherwise
-  def brpoplpush(source, destination, options = {})
-    case options
-    when Integer
-      # Issue deprecation notice in obnoxious mode...
-      options = { :timeout => options }
-    end
-
-    timeout = options[:timeout] || 0
-
+  def brpoplpush(source, destination, deprecated_timeout = 0, timeout: deprecated_timeout)
     synchronize do |client|
       command = [:brpoplpush, source, destination, timeout]
       timeout += client.timeout if timeout > 0
@@ -1258,7 +1288,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get an element from a list by its index.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] index
+  # @param [Integer] index
   # @return [String]
   def lindex(key, index)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -1272,7 +1302,7 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String, Symbol] where `BEFORE` or `AFTER`
   # @param [String] pivot reference element
   # @param [String] value
-  # @return [Fixnum] length of the list after the insert operation, or `-1`
+  # @return [Integer] length of the list after the insert operation, or `-1`
   #   when the element `pivot` was not found
   def linsert(key, where, pivot, value)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -1283,8 +1313,8 @@ class Redis
   # Get a range of elements from a list.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] start start index
-  # @param [Fixnum] stop stop index
+  # @param [Integer] start start index
+  # @param [Integer] stop stop index
   # @return [Array<String>]
   def lrange(key, start, stop)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -1295,12 +1325,12 @@ class Redis
   # Remove elements from a list.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] count number of elements to remove. Use a positive
+  # @param [Integer] count number of elements to remove. Use a positive
   #   value to remove the first `count` occurrences of `value`. A negative
   #   value to remove the last `count` occurrences of `value`. Or zero, to
   #   remove all occurrences of `value` from the list.
   # @param [String] value
-  # @return [Fixnum] the number of removed elements
+  # @return [Integer] the number of removed elements
   def lrem(key, count, value)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:lrem, key, count, value])
@@ -1310,7 +1340,7 @@ class Redis
   # Set the value of an element in a list by its index.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] index
+  # @param [Integer] index
   # @param [String] value
   # @return [String] `OK`
   def lset(key, index, value)
@@ -1322,8 +1352,8 @@ class Redis
   # Trim a list to the specified range.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] start start index
-  # @param [Fixnum] stop stop index
+  # @param [Integer] start start index
+  # @param [Integer] stop stop index
   # @return [String] `OK`
   def ltrim(key, start, stop)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -1334,7 +1364,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get the number of members in a set.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def scard(key)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:scard, key])
@@ -1345,8 +1375,8 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] member one member, or array of members
-  # @return [Boolean, Fixnum] `Boolean` when a single member is specified,
-  #   holding whether or not adding the member succeeded, or `Fixnum` when an
+  # @return [Boolean, Integer] `Boolean` when a single member is specified,
+  #   holding whether or not adding the member succeeded, or `Integer` when an
   #   array of members is specified, holding the number of members that were
   #   successfully added
   def sadd(key, member)
@@ -1367,8 +1397,8 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] member one member, or array of members
-  # @return [Boolean, Fixnum] `Boolean` when a single member is specified,
-  #   holding whether or not removing the member succeeded, or `Fixnum` when an
+  # @return [Boolean, Integer] `Boolean` when a single member is specified,
+  #   holding whether or not removing the member succeeded, or `Integer` when an
   #   array of members is specified, holding the number of members that were
   #   successfully removed
   def srem(key, member)
@@ -1389,7 +1419,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @return [String]
-  # @param [Fixnum] count
+  # @param [Integer] count
   def spop(key, count = nil)
     synchronize do |client|
       if count.nil?
@@ -1403,7 +1433,7 @@ class Redis
   # Get one or more random members from a set.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] count
+  # @param [Integer] count
   # @return [String]
   def srandmember(key, count = nil)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -1454,7 +1484,7 @@ class Redis
   # @return [Array<String>] members in the difference
   def sdiff(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:sdiff] + keys)
+      client.call([:sdiff, *keys])
     end
   end
 
@@ -1462,10 +1492,10 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] destination destination key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys keys pointing to sets to subtract
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of elements in the resulting set
+  # @return [Integer] number of elements in the resulting set
   def sdiffstore(destination, *keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:sdiffstore, destination] + keys)
+      client.call([:sdiffstore, destination, *keys])
     end
   end
 
@@ -1475,7 +1505,7 @@ class Redis
   # @return [Array<String>] members in the intersection
   def sinter(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:sinter] + keys)
+      client.call([:sinter, *keys])
     end
   end
 
@@ -1483,10 +1513,10 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] destination destination key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys keys pointing to sets to intersect
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of elements in the resulting set
+  # @return [Integer] number of elements in the resulting set
   def sinterstore(destination, *keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:sinterstore, destination] + keys)
+      client.call([:sinterstore, destination, *keys])
     end
   end
 
@@ -1496,7 +1526,7 @@ class Redis
   # @return [Array<String>] members in the union
   def sunion(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:sunion] + keys)
+      client.call([:sunion, *keys])
     end
   end
 
@@ -1504,10 +1534,10 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] destination destination key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys keys pointing to sets to unify
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of elements in the resulting set
+  # @return [Integer] number of elements in the resulting set
   def sunionstore(destination, *keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:sunionstore, destination] + keys)
+      client.call([:sunionstore, destination, *keys])
     end
   end
 
@@ -1518,7 +1548,7 @@ class Redis
   #     # => 4
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def zcard(key)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:zcard, key])
@@ -1549,38 +1579,27 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:incr => true`: When this option is specified ZADD acts like
   #   ZINCRBY; only one score-element pair can be specified in this mode
   #
-  # @return [Boolean, Fixnum, Float]
+  # @return [Boolean, Integer, Float]
   #   - `Boolean` when a single pair is specified, holding whether or not it was
   #   **added** to the sorted set.
-  #   - `Fixnum` when an array of pairs is specified, holding the number of
+  #   - `Integer` when an array of pairs is specified, holding the number of
   #   pairs that were **added** to the sorted set.
   #   - `Float` when option :incr is specified, holding the score of the member
   #   after incrementing it.
-  def zadd(key, *args) #, options
-    zadd_options = []
-    if args.last.is_a?(Hash)
-      options = args.pop
-
-      nx = options[:nx]
-      zadd_options << "NX" if nx
-
-      xx = options[:xx]
-      zadd_options << "XX" if xx
-
-      ch = options[:ch]
-      zadd_options << "CH" if ch
-
-      incr = options[:incr]
-      zadd_options << "INCR" if incr
-    end
+  def zadd(key, *args, nx: nil, xx: nil, ch: nil, incr: nil)
+    command = [:zadd, key]
+    command << "NX" if nx
+    command << "XX" if xx
+    command << "CH" if ch
+    command << "INCR" if incr
 
     synchronize do |client|
       if args.size == 1 && args[0].is_a?(Array)
         # Variadic: return float if INCR, integer if !INCR
-        client.call([:zadd, key] + zadd_options + args[0], &(incr ? Floatify : nil))
+        client.call(command + args[0], &(incr ? Floatify : nil))
       elsif args.size == 2
         # Single pair: return float if INCR, boolean if !INCR
-        client.call([:zadd, key] + zadd_options + args, &(incr ? Floatify : Boolify))
+        client.call(command + args, &(incr ? Floatify : Boolify))
       else
         raise ArgumentError, "wrong number of arguments"
       end
@@ -1615,10 +1634,10 @@ class Redis
   #   - a single member
   #   - an array of members
   #
-  # @return [Boolean, Fixnum]
+  # @return [Boolean, Integer]
   #   - `Boolean` when a single member is specified, holding whether or not it
   #   was removed from the sorted set
-  #   - `Fixnum` when an array of pairs is specified, holding the number of
+  #   - `Integer` when an array of pairs is specified, holding the number of
   #   members that were removed to the sorted set
   def zrem(key, member)
     synchronize do |client|
@@ -1743,18 +1762,16 @@ class Redis
   #     # => [["a", 32.0], ["b", 64.0]]
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] start start index
-  # @param [Fixnum] stop stop index
+  # @param [Integer] start start index
+  # @param [Integer] stop stop index
   # @param [Hash] options
   #   - `:with_scores => true`: include scores in output
   #
   # @return [Array<String>, Array<[String, Float]>]
   #   - when `:with_scores` is not specified, an array of members
   #   - when `:with_scores` is specified, an array with `[member, score]` pairs
-  def zrange(key, start, stop, options = {})
-    args = []
-
-    with_scores = options[:with_scores] || options[:withscores]
+  def zrange(key, start, stop, withscores: false, with_scores: withscores)
+    args = [:zrange, key, start, stop]
 
     if with_scores
       args << "WITHSCORES"
@@ -1762,7 +1779,7 @@ class Redis
     end
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zrange, key, start, stop] + args, &block)
+      client.call(args, &block)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1777,10 +1794,8 @@ class Redis
   #     # => [["b", 64.0], ["a", 32.0]]
   #
   # @see #zrange
-  def zrevrange(key, start, stop, options = {})
-    args = []
-
-    with_scores = options[:with_scores] || options[:withscores]
+  def zrevrange(key, start, stop, withscores: false, with_scores: withscores)
+    args = [:zrevrange, key, start, stop]
 
     if with_scores
       args << "WITHSCORES"
@@ -1788,7 +1803,7 @@ class Redis
     end
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zrevrange, key, start, stop] + args, &block)
+      client.call(args, &block)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1796,7 +1811,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String] member
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def zrank(key, member)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:zrank, key, member])
@@ -1808,7 +1823,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String] member
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def zrevrank(key, member)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:zrevrank, key, member])
@@ -1825,9 +1840,9 @@ class Redis
   #     # => 5
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [Fixnum] start start index
-  # @param [Fixnum] stop stop index
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of members that were removed
+  # @param [Integer] start start index
+  # @param [Integer] stop stop index
+  # @return [Integer] number of members that were removed
   def zremrangebyrank(key, start, stop)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:zremrangebyrank, key, start, stop])
@@ -1851,7 +1866,7 @@ class Redis
   #   - inclusive maximum is specified by prefixing `(`
   #   - exclusive maximum is specified by prefixing `[`
   #
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of members within the specified lexicographical range
+  # @return [Integer] number of members within the specified lexicographical range
   def zlexcount(key, min, max)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:zlexcount, key, min, max])
@@ -1879,14 +1894,16 @@ class Redis
   #   `count` members
   #
   # @return [Array<String>, Array<[String, Float]>]
-  def zrangebylex(key, min, max, options = {})
-    args = []
+  def zrangebylex(key, min, max, limit: nil)
+    args = [:zrangebylex, key, min, max]
 
-    limit = options[:limit]
-    args.concat(["LIMIT"] + limit) if limit
+    if limit
+      args << "LIMIT"
+      args.concat(limit)
+    end
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zrangebylex, key, min, max] + args)
+      client.call(args)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1901,14 +1918,16 @@ class Redis
   #     # => ["abbygail", "abby"]
   #
   # @see #zrangebylex
-  def zrevrangebylex(key, max, min, options = {})
-    args = []
+  def zrevrangebylex(key, max, min, limit: nil)
+    args = [:zrevrangebylex, key, max, min]
 
-    limit = options[:limit]
-    args.concat(["LIMIT"] + limit) if limit
+    if limit
+      args << "LIMIT"
+      args.concat(limit)
+    end
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zrevrangebylex, key, max, min] + args)
+      client.call(args)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1939,21 +1958,21 @@ class Redis
   # @return [Array<String>, Array<[String, Float]>]
   #   - when `:with_scores` is not specified, an array of members
   #   - when `:with_scores` is specified, an array with `[member, score]` pairs
-  def zrangebyscore(key, min, max, options = {})
-    args = []
-
-    with_scores = options[:with_scores] || options[:withscores]
+  def zrangebyscore(key, min, max, withscores: false, with_scores: withscores, limit: nil)
+    args = [:zrangebyscore, key, min, max]
 
     if with_scores
       args << "WITHSCORES"
       block = FloatifyPairs
     end
 
-    limit = options[:limit]
-    args.concat(["LIMIT"] + limit) if limit
+    if limit
+      args << "LIMIT"
+      args.concat(limit)
+    end
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zrangebyscore, key, min, max] + args, &block)
+      client.call(args, &block)
     end
   end
 
@@ -1971,21 +1990,21 @@ class Redis
   #     # => [["b", 64.0], ["a", 32.0]]
   #
   # @see #zrangebyscore
-  def zrevrangebyscore(key, max, min, options = {})
-    args = []
-
-    with_scores = options[:with_scores] || options[:withscores]
+  def zrevrangebyscore(key, max, min, withscores: false, with_scores: withscores, limit: nil)
+    args = [:zrevrangebyscore, key, max, min]
 
     if with_scores
-      args << ["WITHSCORES"]
+      args << "WITHSCORES"
       block = FloatifyPairs
     end
 
-    limit = options[:limit]
-    args.concat(["LIMIT"] + limit) if limit
+    if limit
+      args << "LIMIT"
+      args.concat(limit)
+    end
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zrevrangebyscore, key, max, min] + args, &block)
+      client.call(args, &block)
     end
   end
 
@@ -2005,7 +2024,7 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String] max
   #   - inclusive maximum score is specified verbatim
   #   - exclusive maximum score is specified by prefixing `(`
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of members that were removed
+  # @return [Integer] number of members that were removed
   def zremrangebyscore(key, min, max)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:zremrangebyscore, key, min, max])
@@ -2028,7 +2047,7 @@ class Redis
   # @param [String] max
   #   - inclusive maximum score is specified verbatim
   #   - exclusive maximum score is specified by prefixing `(`
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of members in within the specified range
+  # @return [Integer] number of members in within the specified range
   def zcount(key, min, max)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:zcount, key, min, max])
@@ -2048,18 +2067,19 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:weights => [Float, Float, ...]`: weights to associate with source
   #   sorted sets
   #   - `:aggregate => String`: aggregate function to use (sum, min, max, ...)
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of elements in the resulting sorted set
-  def zinterstore(destination, keys, options = {})
-    args = []
+  # @return [Integer] number of elements in the resulting sorted set
+  def zinterstore(destination, keys, weights: nil, aggregate: nil)
+    args = [:zinterstore, destination, keys.size, *keys]
 
-    weights = options[:weights]
-    args.concat(["WEIGHTS"] + weights) if weights
+    if weights
+      args << "WEIGHTS"
+      args.concat(weights)
+    end
 
-    aggregate = options[:aggregate]
-    args.concat(["AGGREGATE", aggregate]) if aggregate
+    args << "AGGREGATE" << aggregate if aggregate
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zinterstore, destination, keys.size] + keys + args)
+      client.call(args)
     end
   end
 
@@ -2075,40 +2095,46 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:weights => [Float, Float, ...]`: weights to associate with source
   #   sorted sets
   #   - `:aggregate => String`: aggregate function to use (sum, min, max, ...)
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of elements in the resulting sorted set
-  def zunionstore(destination, keys, options = {})
-    args = []
+  # @return [Integer] number of elements in the resulting sorted set
+  def zunionstore(destination, keys, weights: nil, aggregate: nil)
+    args = [:zunionstore, destination, keys.size, *keys]
 
-    weights = options[:weights]
-    args.concat(["WEIGHTS"] + weights) if weights
+    if weights
+      args << "WEIGHTS"
+      args.concat(weights)
+    end
 
-    aggregate = options[:aggregate]
-    args.concat(["AGGREGATE", aggregate]) if aggregate
+    args << "AGGREGATE" << aggregate if aggregate
 
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:zunionstore, destination, keys.size] + keys + args)
+      client.call(args)
     end
   end
 
   # Get the number of fields in a hash.
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @return [Fixnum] number of fields in the hash
+  # @return [Integer] number of fields in the hash
   def hlen(key)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:hlen, key])
     end
   end
 
-  # Set the string value of a hash field.
+  # Set one or more hash values.
+  #
+  # @example
+  #   redis.hset("hash", "f1", "v1", "f2", "v2") # => 2
+  #   redis.hset("hash", { "f1" => "v1", "f2" => "v2" }) # => 2
   #
   # @param [String] key
-  # @param [String] field
-  # @param [String] value
-  # @return [Boolean] whether or not the field was **added** to the hash
-  def hset(key, field, value)
+  # @param [Array<String> | Hash<String, String>] attrs array or hash of fields and values
+  # @return [Integer] The number of fields that were added to the hash
+  def hset(key, *attrs)
+    attrs = attrs.first.flatten if attrs.size == 1 && attrs.first.is_a?(Hash)
+
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.call([:hset, key, field, value], &Boolify)
+      client.call([:hset, key, *attrs])
     end
   end
 
@@ -2197,7 +2223,7 @@ class Redis
   # @see #hmget
   def mapped_hmget(key, *fields)
     hmget(key, *fields) do |reply|
-      if reply.kind_of?(Array)
+      if reply.is_a?(Array)
         Hash[fields.zip(reply)]
       else
         reply
@@ -2209,7 +2235,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] field
-  # @return [Fixnum] the number of fields that were removed from the hash
+  # @return [Integer] the number of fields that were removed from the hash
   def hdel(key, *fields)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:hdel, key, *fields])
@@ -2231,8 +2257,8 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String] field
-  # @param [Fixnum] increment
-  # @return [Fixnum] value of the field after incrementing it
+  # @param [Integer] increment
+  # @return [Integer] value of the field after incrementing it
   def hincrby(key, field, increment)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:hincrby, key, field, increment])
@@ -2290,20 +2316,21 @@ class Redis
 
   def subscribed?
     synchronize do |client|
-      client.kind_of? SubscribedClient
+      client.is_a? SubscribedClient
     end
   end
 
   # Listen for messages published to the given channels.
   def subscribe(*channels, &block)
-    synchronize do |client|
+    synchronize do |_client|
       _subscription(:subscribe, 0, channels, block)
     end
   end
 
-  # Listen for messages published to the given channels. Throw a timeout error if there is no messages for a timeout period.
+  # Listen for messages published to the given channels. Throw a timeout error
+  # if there is no messages for a timeout period.
   def subscribe_with_timeout(timeout, *channels, &block)
-    synchronize do |client|
+    synchronize do |_client|
       _subscription(:subscribe_with_timeout, timeout, channels, block)
     end
   end
@@ -2311,21 +2338,23 @@ class Redis
   # Stop listening for messages posted to the given channels.
   def unsubscribe(*channels)
     synchronize do |client|
-      raise RuntimeError, "Can't unsubscribe if not subscribed." unless subscribed?
+      raise "Can't unsubscribe if not subscribed." unless subscribed?
+
       client.unsubscribe(*channels)
     end
   end
 
   # Listen for messages published to channels matching the given patterns.
   def psubscribe(*channels, &block)
-    synchronize do |client|
+    synchronize do |_client|
       _subscription(:psubscribe, 0, channels, block)
     end
   end
 
-  # Listen for messages published to channels matching the given patterns. Throw a timeout error if there is no messages for a timeout period.
+  # Listen for messages published to channels matching the given patterns.
+  # Throw a timeout error if there is no messages for a timeout period.
   def psubscribe_with_timeout(timeout, *channels, &block)
-    synchronize do |client|
+    synchronize do |_client|
       _subscription(:psubscribe_with_timeout, timeout, channels, block)
     end
   end
@@ -2333,7 +2362,8 @@ class Redis
   # Stop listening for messages posted to channels matching the given patterns.
   def punsubscribe(*channels)
     synchronize do |client|
-      raise RuntimeError, "Can't unsubscribe if not subscribed." unless subscribed?
+      raise "Can't unsubscribe if not subscribed." unless subscribed?
+
       client.punsubscribe(*channels)
     end
   end
@@ -2378,7 +2408,7 @@ class Redis
   # @see #multi
   def watch(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
-      res = client.call([:watch] + keys)
+      res = client.call([:watch, *keys])
 
       if block_given?
         begin
@@ -2408,7 +2438,7 @@ class Redis
   end
 
   def pipelined
-    synchronize do |client|
+    synchronize do |_client|
       begin
         pipeline = Pipeline.new(@client)
         original, @client = @client, pipeline
@@ -2608,18 +2638,12 @@ class Redis
     _eval(:evalsha, args)
   end
 
-  def _scan(command, cursor, args, options = {}, &block)
+  def _scan(command, cursor, args, match: nil, count: nil, &block)
     # SSCAN/ZSCAN/HSCAN already prepend the key to +args+.
 
     args << cursor
-
-    if match = options[:match]
-      args.concat(["MATCH", match])
-    end
-
-    if count = options[:count]
-      args.concat(["COUNT", count])
-    end
+    args << "MATCH" << match if match
+    args << "COUNT" << count if count
 
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([command] + args, &block)
@@ -2641,8 +2665,8 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:count => Integer`: return count keys at most per iteration
   #
   # @return [String, Array<String>] the next cursor and all found keys
-  def scan(cursor, options={})
-    _scan(:scan, cursor, [], options)
+  def scan(cursor, **options)
+    _scan(:scan, cursor, [], **options)
   end
 
   # Scan the keyspace
@@ -2660,11 +2684,12 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:count => Integer`: return count keys at most per iteration
   #
   # @return [Enumerator] an enumerator for all found keys
-  def scan_each(options={}, &block)
-    return to_enum(:scan_each, options) unless block_given?
+  def scan_each(**options, &block)
+    return to_enum(:scan_each, **options) unless block_given?
+
     cursor = 0
     loop do
-      cursor, keys = scan(cursor, options)
+      cursor, keys = scan(cursor, **options)
       keys.each(&block)
       break if cursor == "0"
     end
@@ -2681,8 +2706,8 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:count => Integer`: return count keys at most per iteration
   #
   # @return [String, Array<[String, String]>] the next cursor and all found keys
-  def hscan(key, cursor, options={})
-    _scan(:hscan, cursor, [key], options) do |reply|
+  def hscan(key, cursor, **options)
+    _scan(:hscan, cursor, [key], **options) do |reply|
       [reply[0], reply[1].each_slice(2).to_a]
     end
   end
@@ -2698,11 +2723,12 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:count => Integer`: return count keys at most per iteration
   #
   # @return [Enumerator] an enumerator for all found keys
-  def hscan_each(key, options={}, &block)
-    return to_enum(:hscan_each, key, options) unless block_given?
+  def hscan_each(key, **options, &block)
+    return to_enum(:hscan_each, key, **options) unless block_given?
+
     cursor = 0
     loop do
-      cursor, values = hscan(key, cursor, options)
+      cursor, values = hscan(key, cursor, **options)
       values.each(&block)
       break if cursor == "0"
     end
@@ -2720,8 +2746,8 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @return [String, Array<[String, Float]>] the next cursor and all found
   #   members and scores
-  def zscan(key, cursor, options={})
-    _scan(:zscan, cursor, [key], options) do |reply|
+  def zscan(key, cursor, **options)
+    _scan(:zscan, cursor, [key], **options) do |reply|
       [reply[0], FloatifyPairs.call(reply[1])]
     end
   end
@@ -2737,11 +2763,12 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:count => Integer`: return count keys at most per iteration
   #
   # @return [Enumerator] an enumerator for all found scores and members
-  def zscan_each(key, options={}, &block)
-    return to_enum(:zscan_each, key, options) unless block_given?
+  def zscan_each(key, **options, &block)
+    return to_enum(:zscan_each, key, **options) unless block_given?
+
     cursor = 0
     loop do
-      cursor, values = zscan(key, cursor, options)
+      cursor, values = zscan(key, cursor, **options)
       values.each(&block)
       break if cursor == "0"
     end
@@ -2758,8 +2785,8 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:count => Integer`: return count keys at most per iteration
   #
   # @return [String, Array<String>] the next cursor and all found members
-  def sscan(key, cursor, options={})
-    _scan(:sscan, cursor, [key], options)
+  def sscan(key, cursor, **options)
+    _scan(:sscan, cursor, [key], **options)
   end
 
   # Scan a set
@@ -2773,11 +2800,12 @@ class Redis
   #   - `:count => Integer`: return count keys at most per iteration
   #
   # @return [Enumerator] an enumerator for all keys in the set
-  def sscan_each(key, options={}, &block)
-    return to_enum(:sscan_each, key, options) unless block_given?
+  def sscan_each(key, **options, &block)
+    return to_enum(:sscan_each, key, **options) unless block_given?
+
     cursor = 0
     loop do
-      cursor, keys = sscan(key, cursor, options)
+      cursor, keys = sscan(key, cursor, **options)
       keys.each(&block)
       break if cursor == "0"
     end
@@ -2800,7 +2828,7 @@ class Redis
   # union of the HyperLogLogs contained in the keys.
   #
   # @param [String, Array<String>] keys
-  # @return [Fixnum]
+  # @return [Integer]
   def pfcount(*keys)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:pfcount] + keys)
@@ -2823,7 +2851,7 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [Array] member arguemnts for member or members: longitude, latitude, name
-  # @return [Intger] number of elements added to the sorted set
+  # @return [Integer] number of elements added to the sorted set
   def geoadd(key, *member)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:geoadd, key, *member])
@@ -2841,12 +2869,12 @@ class Redis
     end
   end
 
-
   # Query a sorted set representing a geospatial index to fetch members matching a
   # given maximum distance from a point
   #
   # @param [Array] args key, longitude, latitude, radius, unit(m|km|ft|mi)
-  # @param ['asc', 'desc'] sort sort returned items from the nearest to the farthest or the farthest to the nearest relative to the center
+  # @param ['asc', 'desc'] sort sort returned items from the nearest to the farthest
+  #   or the farthest to the nearest relative to the center
   # @param [Integer] count limit the results to the first N matching items
   # @param ['WITHDIST', 'WITHCOORD', 'WITHHASH'] options to return additional information
   # @return [Array<String>] may be changed with `options`
@@ -2863,7 +2891,8 @@ class Redis
   # given maximum distance from an already existing member
   #
   # @param [Array] args key, member, radius, unit(m|km|ft|mi)
-  # @param ['asc', 'desc'] sort sort returned items from the nearest to the farthest or the farthest to the nearest relative to the center
+  # @param ['asc', 'desc'] sort sort returned items from the nearest to the farthest or the farthest
+  #   to the nearest relative to the center
   # @param [Integer] count limit the results to the first N matching items
   # @param ['WITHDIST', 'WITHCOORD', 'WITHHASH'] options to return additional information
   # @return [Array<String>] may be changed with `options`
@@ -2880,7 +2909,8 @@ class Redis
   #
   # @param [String] key
   # @param [String, Array<String>] member one member or array of members
-  # @return [Array<Array<String>, nil>] returns array of elements, where each element is either array of longitude and latitude or nil
+  # @return [Array<Array<String>, nil>] returns array of elements, where each
+  #   element is either array of longitude and latitude or nil
   def geopos(key, member)
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([:geopos, key, member])
@@ -2944,10 +2974,14 @@ class Redis
   # @option opts [Boolean] :approximate whether to add `~` modifier of maxlen or not
   #
   # @return [String] the entry id
-  def xadd(key, entry, opts = {})
+  def xadd(key, entry, approximate: nil, maxlen: nil, id: '*')
     args = [:xadd, key]
-    args.concat(['MAXLEN', (opts[:approximate] ? '~' : nil), opts[:maxlen]].compact) if opts[:maxlen]
-    args << (opts[:id] || '*')
+    if maxlen
+      args << "MAXLEN"
+      args << "~" if approximate
+      args << maxlen
+    end
+    args << id
     args.concat(entry.to_a.flatten)
     synchronize { |client| client.call(args) }
   end
@@ -3002,8 +3036,8 @@ class Redis
   # @param count [Integer] the number of entries as limit
   #
   # @return [Array<Array<String, Hash>>] the ids and entries pairs
-  def xrange(key, start = '-', _end = '+', count: nil)
-    args = [:xrange, key, start, _end]
+  def xrange(key, start = '-', range_end = '+', count: nil)
+    args = [:xrange, key, start, range_end]
     args.concat(['COUNT', count]) if count
     synchronize { |client| client.call(args, &HashifyStreamEntries) }
   end
@@ -3025,8 +3059,8 @@ class Redis
   # @params count [Integer] the number of entries as limit
   #
   # @return [Array<Array<String, Hash>>] the ids and entries pairs
-  def xrevrange(key, _end = '+', start = '-', count: nil)
-    args = [:xrevrange, key, _end, start]
+  def xrevrange(key, range_end = '+', start = '-', count: nil)
+    args = [:xrevrange, key, range_end, start]
     args.concat(['COUNT', count]) if count
     synchronize { |client| client.call(args, &HashifyStreamEntries) }
   end
@@ -3118,12 +3152,12 @@ class Redis
   # @option opts [Boolean] :noack whether message loss is acceptable or not
   #
   # @return [Hash{String => Hash{String => Hash}}] the entries
-  def xreadgroup(group, consumer, keys, ids, opts = {})
+  def xreadgroup(group, consumer, keys, ids, count: nil, block: nil, noack: nil)
     args = [:xreadgroup, 'GROUP', group, consumer]
-    args << 'COUNT' << opts[:count] if opts[:count]
-    args << 'BLOCK' << opts[:block].to_i if opts[:block]
-    args << 'NOACK' if opts[:noack]
-    _xread(args, keys, ids, opts[:block])
+    args << 'COUNT' << count if count
+    args << 'BLOCK' << block.to_i if block
+    args << 'NOACK' if noack
+    _xread(args, keys, ids, block)
   end
 
   # Removes one or multiple entries from the pending entries list of a stream consumer group.
@@ -3233,8 +3267,8 @@ class Redis
         when "get-master-addr-by-name"
           reply
         else
-          if reply.kind_of?(Array)
-            if reply[0].kind_of?(Array)
+          if reply.is_a?(Array)
+            if reply[0].is_a?(Array)
               reply.map(&Hashify)
             else
               Hashify.call(reply)
@@ -3258,12 +3292,17 @@ class Redis
   def cluster(subcommand, *args)
     subcommand = subcommand.to_s.downcase
     block = case subcommand
-            when 'slots'  then HashifyClusterSlots
-            when 'nodes'  then HashifyClusterNodes
-            when 'slaves' then HashifyClusterSlaves
-            when 'info'   then HashifyInfo
-            else Noop
-            end
+    when 'slots'
+      HashifyClusterSlots
+    when 'nodes'
+      HashifyClusterNodes
+    when 'slaves'
+      HashifyClusterSlaves
+    when 'info'
+      HashifyInfo
+    else
+      Noop
+    end
 
     # @see https://github.com/antirez/redis/blob/unstable/src/redis-trib.rb#L127 raw reply expected
     block = Noop unless @cluster_mode
@@ -3298,21 +3337,21 @@ class Redis
     return @original_client.connection_info if @cluster_mode
 
     {
-      host:     @original_client.host,
-      port:     @original_client.port,
-      db:       @original_client.db,
-      id:       @original_client.id,
+      host: @original_client.host,
+      port: @original_client.port,
+      db: @original_client.db,
+      id: @original_client.id,
       location: @original_client.location
     }
   end
 
-  def method_missing(command, *args)
+  def method_missing(command, *args) # rubocop:disable Style/MissingRespondToMissing
     synchronize do |client|
       client.call([command] + args)
     end
   end
 
-private
+  private
 
   # Commands returning 1 for true and 0 for false may be executed in a pipeline
   # where the method call will return nil. Propagate the nil instead of falsely
@@ -3392,10 +3431,10 @@ private
 
   HashifyStreamPendings = lambda { |reply|
     {
-      'size'         => reply[0],
+      'size' => reply[0],
       'min_entry_id' => reply[1],
       'max_entry_id' => reply[2],
-      'consumers'    => reply[3].nil? ? {} : reply[3].to_h
+      'consumers' => reply[3].nil? ? {} : reply[3].to_h
     }
   }
 
@@ -3404,8 +3443,8 @@ private
       {
         'entry_id' => arr[0],
         'consumer' => arr[1],
-        'elapsed'  => arr[2],
-        'count'    => arr[3]
+        'elapsed' => arr[2],
+        'count' => arr[3]
       }
     end
   }
@@ -3413,15 +3452,15 @@ private
   HashifyClusterNodeInfo = lambda { |str|
     arr = str.split(' ')
     {
-      'node_id'        => arr[0],
-      'ip_port'        => arr[1],
-      'flags'          => arr[2].split(','),
+      'node_id' => arr[0],
+      'ip_port' => arr[1],
+      'flags' => arr[2].split(','),
       'master_node_id' => arr[3],
-      'ping_sent'      => arr[4],
-      'pong_recv'      => arr[5],
-      'config_epoch'   => arr[6],
-      'link_state'     => arr[7],
-      'slots'          => arr[8].nil? ? nil : Range.new(*arr[8].split('-'))
+      'ping_sent' => arr[4],
+      'pong_recv' => arr[5],
+      'config_epoch' => arr[6],
+      'link_state' => arr[7],
+      'slots' => arr[8].nil? ? nil : Range.new(*arr[8].split('-'))
     }
   }
 
@@ -3432,9 +3471,9 @@ private
       replicas = arr[3..-1].map { |r| { 'ip' => r[0], 'port' => r[1], 'node_id' => r[2] } }
       {
         'start_slot' => first_slot,
-        'end_slot'   => last_slot,
-        'master'     => master,
-        'replicas'   => replicas
+        'end_slot' => last_slot,
+        'master' => master,
+        'replicas' => replicas
       }
     end
   }