redis-diff_match_patch 1.0.0

data/lib/diff_match_patch-merge.lua

@@ -0,0 +1,2364 @@
+--[[
+* Diff Match and Patch
+*
+* Copyright 2006 Google Inc.
+* http://code.google.com/p/google-diff-match-patch/
+*
+* Based on the JavaScript implementation by Neil Fraser.
+* Ported to Lua by Duncan Cross.
+*
+* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+* You may obtain a copy of the License at
+*
+*   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+*
+* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+* limitations under the License.
+--]]
+
+--[[
+-- Lua 5.1 and earlier requires the external BitOp library.
+-- This library is built-in from Lua 5.2 and later as 'bit32'.
+require 'bit'   -- <http://bitop.luajit.org/>
+local band, bor, lshift
+    = bit.band, bit.bor, bit.lshift
+--]]
+
+local hex2bin = {
+  ["0"] = "0000",
+  ["1"] = "0001",
+  ["2"] = "0010",
+  ["3"] = "0011",
+  ["4"] = "0100",
+  ["5"] = "0101",
+  ["6"] = "0110",
+  ["7"] = "0111",
+  ["8"] = "1000",
+  ["9"] = "1001",
+  ["a"] = "1010",
+        ["b"] = "1011",
+        ["c"] = "1100",
+        ["d"] = "1101",
+        ["e"] = "1110",
+        ["f"] = "1111"
+  }
+
+local bin2hex = {
+  ["0000"] = "0",
+  ["0001"] = "1",
+  ["0010"] = "2",
+  ["0011"] = "3",
+  ["0100"] = "4",
+  ["0101"] = "5",
+  ["0110"] = "6",
+  ["0111"] = "7",
+  ["1000"] = "8",
+  ["1001"] = "9",
+  ["1010"] = "A",
+        ["1011"] = "B",
+        ["1100"] = "C",
+        ["1101"] = "D",
+        ["1110"] = "E",
+        ["1111"] = "F"
+  }
+
+function Hex2Bin(s)
+  -- s  -> hexadecimal string
+
+  local ret = ""
+  local i = 0
+
+  for i in string.gfind(s, ".") do
+    i = string.lower(i)
+
+    ret = ret..hex2bin[i]
+
+  end
+
+  return ret
+end
+
+
+function Bin2Hex(s)
+  -- s   -> binary string
+
+  local l = 0
+  local h = ""
+  local b = ""
+  local rem
+
+  l = string.len(s)
+  rem = l % 4
+  l = l-1
+  h = ""
+
+  -- need to prepend zeros to eliminate mod 4
+  if (rem > 0) then
+    s = string.rep("0", 4 - rem)..s
+  end
+
+  for i = 1, l, 4 do
+    b = string.sub(s, i, i+3)
+    h = h..bin2hex[b]
+  end
+
+  return h
+end
+
+function BMAnd(v, m)
+  -- v  -> hex string to be masked
+  -- m  -> hex string mask
+  -- s  -> hex string as masked
+  -- bv  -> binary string of v
+  -- bm  -> binary string mask
+
+  local bv = Hex2Bin(v)
+  local bm = Hex2Bin(m)
+
+  local i = 0
+  local s = ""
+
+  while (string.len(bv) < 32) do
+    bv = "0000"..bv
+  end
+
+  while (string.len(bm) < 32) do
+    bm = "0000"..bm
+  end
+
+
+  for i = 1, 32 do
+    cv = string.sub(bv, i, i)
+    cm = string.sub(bm, i, i)
+    if cv == cm then
+      if cv == "1" then
+        s = s.."1"
+      else
+        s = s.."0"
+      end
+    else
+      s = s.."0"
+
+    end
+  end
+
+  return Bin2Hex(s)
+end
+
+function BMOr(v, m)
+  -- v  -> hex string to be masked
+  -- m  -> hex string mask
+  -- s  -> hex string as masked
+  -- bv  -> binary string of v
+  -- bm  -> binary string mask
+
+  local bv = Hex2Bin(v)
+  local bm = Hex2Bin(m)
+
+  local i = 0
+  local s = ""
+
+  while (string.len(bv) < 32) do
+    bv = "0000"..bv
+  end
+
+  while (string.len(bm) < 32) do
+    bm = "0000"..bm
+  end
+
+
+  for i = 1, 32 do
+    cv = string.sub(bv, i, i)
+    cm = string.sub(bm, i, i)
+    if cv == "1" then
+      s = s.."1"
+    elseif cm == "1" then
+      s = s.."1"
+    else
+      s = s.."0"
+    end
+  end
+
+  return Bin2Hex(s)
+end
+
+function BShLeft(v, nb)
+  -- v  -> hexstring value to be shifted
+  -- nb  -> number of bits to shift to the right
+  -- s  -> binary string of v
+
+  local s = Hex2Bin(v)
+
+  while (string.len(s) < 32) do
+    s = "0000"..s
+  end
+
+  s = string.sub(s, nb + 1, 32)
+
+  while (string.len(s) < 32) do
+    s = s.."0"
+  end
+
+  return Bin2Hex(s)
+end
+
+local band, bor, lshift
+    = BMAnd, BMOr, BShLeft
+local type, setmetatable, ipairs, select
+    = type, setmetatable, ipairs, select
+local unpack, tonumber, error
+    = unpack, tonumber, error
+local strsub, strbyte, strchar, gmatch, gsub
+    = string.sub, string.byte, string.char, string.gmatch, string.gsub
+local strmatch, strfind, strformat
+    = string.match, string.find, string.format
+local tinsert, tremove, tconcat
+    = table.insert, table.remove, table.concat
+local max, min, floor, ceil, abs
+    = math.max, math.min, math.floor, math.ceil, math.abs
+
+
+
+-- Utility functions.
+
+local percentEncode_pattern = '[^A-Za-z0-9%-=;\',./~!@#$%&*%(%)_%+ %?]'
+local function percentEncode_replace(v)
+  return strformat('%%%02X', strbyte(v))
+end
+
+local function tsplice(t, idx, deletions, ...)
+  local insertions = select('#', ...)
+  for i = 1, deletions do
+    tremove(t, idx)
+  end
+  for i = insertions, 1, -1 do
+    -- do not remove parentheses around select
+    tinsert(t, idx, (select(i, ...)))
+  end
+end
+
+local function strelement(str, i)
+  return strsub(str, i, i)
+end
+
+local function indexOf(a, b, start)
+  if (#b == 0) then
+    return nil
+  end
+  return strfind(a, b, start, true)
+end
+
+local htmlEncode_pattern = '[&<>\n]'
+local htmlEncode_replace = {
+  ['&'] = '&amp;', ['<'] = '&lt;', ['>'] = '&gt;', ['\n'] = '&para;<br>'
+}
+
+-- Public API Functions
+-- (Exported at the end of the script)
+
+local diff_main,
+      diff_cleanupSemantic,
+      diff_cleanupEfficiency,
+      diff_levenshtein,
+      diff_prettyHtml
+
+local match_main
+
+local patch_make,
+      patch_toText,
+      patch_fromText,
+      patch_apply
+
+--[[
+* The data structure representing a diff is an array of tuples:
+* {{DIFF_DELETE, 'Hello'}, {DIFF_INSERT, 'Goodbye'}, {DIFF_EQUAL, ' world.'}}
+* which means: delete 'Hello', add 'Goodbye' and keep ' world.'
+--]]
+local DIFF_DELETE = -1
+local DIFF_INSERT = 1
+local DIFF_EQUAL = 0
+
+-- Number of seconds to map a diff before giving up (0 for infinity).
+local Diff_Timeout = 1.0
+-- Cost of an empty edit operation in terms of edit characters.
+local Diff_EditCost = 4
+-- At what point is no match declared (0.0 = perfection, 1.0 = very loose).
+local Match_Threshold = 0.5
+-- How far to search for a match (0 = exact location, 1000+ = broad match).
+-- A match this many characters away from the expected location will add
+-- 1.0 to the score (0.0 is a perfect match).
+local Match_Distance = 1000
+-- When deleting a large block of text (over ~64 characters), how close do
+-- the contents have to be to match the expected contents. (0.0 = perfection,
+-- 1.0 = very loose).  Note that Match_Threshold controls how closely the
+-- end points of a delete need to match.
+local Patch_DeleteThreshold = 0.5
+-- Chunk size for context length.
+local Patch_Margin = 4
+-- The number of bits in an int.
+local Match_MaxBits = 32
+
+function settings(new)
+  if new then
+    Diff_Timeout = new.Diff_Timeout or Diff_Timeout
+    Diff_EditCost = new.Diff_EditCost or Diff_EditCost
+    Match_Threshold = new.Match_Threshold or Match_Threshold
+    Match_Distance = new.Match_Distance or Match_Distance
+    Patch_DeleteThreshold = new.Patch_DeleteThreshold or Patch_DeleteThreshold
+    Patch_Margin = new.Patch_Margin or Patch_Margin
+    Match_MaxBits = new.Match_MaxBits or Match_MaxBits
+  else
+    return {
+      Diff_Timeout = Diff_Timeout;
+      Diff_EditCost = Diff_EditCost;
+      Match_Threshold = Match_Threshold;
+      Match_Distance = Match_Distance;
+      Patch_DeleteThreshold = Patch_DeleteThreshold;
+      Patch_Margin = Patch_Margin;
+      Match_MaxBits = Match_MaxBits;
+    }
+  end
+end
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--  DIFF API
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+-- The private diff functions
+local _diff_compute,
+      _diff_bisect,
+      _diff_halfMatchI,
+      _diff_halfMatch,
+      _diff_cleanupSemanticScore,
+      _diff_cleanupSemanticLossless,
+      _diff_cleanupMerge,
+      _diff_commonPrefix,
+      _diff_commonSuffix,
+      _diff_commonOverlap,
+      _diff_xIndex,
+      _diff_text1,
+      _diff_text2,
+      _diff_toDelta,
+      _diff_fromDelta
+
+--[[
+* Find the differences between two texts.  Simplifies the problem by stripping
+* any common prefix or suffix off the texts before diffing.
+* @param {string} text1 Old string to be diffed.
+* @param {string} text2 New string to be diffed.
+* @param {boolean} opt_checklines Has no effect in Lua.
+*     by.  Used internally for recursive calls.  Users should set DiffTimeout
+*     instead.
+* @return {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} Array of diff tuples.
+--]]
+function diff_main(text1, text2, opt_checklines)
+  -- Check for null inputs.
+  if text1 == nil or text1 == nil then
+    error('Null inputs. (diff_main)')
+  end
+
+  -- Check for equality (speedup).
+  if text1 == text2 then
+    if #text1 > 0 then
+      return {{DIFF_EQUAL, text1}}
+    end
+    return {}
+  end
+
+  -- LUANOTE: Due to the lack of Unicode support, Lua is incapable of
+  -- implementing the line-mode speedup.
+  local checklines = false
+
+  -- Trim off common prefix (speedup).
+  local commonlength = _diff_commonPrefix(text1, text2)
+  local commonprefix
+  if commonlength > 0 then
+    commonprefix = strsub(text1, 1, commonlength)
+    text1 = strsub(text1, commonlength + 1)
+    text2 = strsub(text2, commonlength + 1)
+  end
+
+  -- Trim off common suffix (speedup).
+  commonlength = _diff_commonSuffix(text1, text2)
+  local commonsuffix
+  if commonlength > 0 then
+    commonsuffix = strsub(text1, -commonlength)
+    text1 = strsub(text1, 1, -commonlength - 1)
+    text2 = strsub(text2, 1, -commonlength - 1)
+  end
+
+  -- Compute the diff on the middle block.
+  local diffs = _diff_compute(text1, text2, checklines)
+
+  -- Restore the prefix and suffix.
+  if commonprefix then
+    tinsert(diffs, 1, {DIFF_EQUAL, commonprefix})
+  end
+  if commonsuffix then
+    diffs[#diffs + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, commonsuffix}
+  end
+
+  _diff_cleanupMerge(diffs)
+  return diffs
+end
+
+--[[
+* Reduce the number of edits by eliminating semantically trivial equalities.
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+--]]
+function diff_cleanupSemantic(diffs)
+  local changes = false
+  local equalities = {}  -- Stack of indices where equalities are found.
+  local equalitiesLength = 0  -- Keeping our own length var is faster.
+  local lastequality = nil
+  -- Always equal to diffs[equalities[equalitiesLength]][2]
+  local pointer = 1  -- Index of current position.
+  -- Number of characters that changed prior to the equality.
+  local length_insertions1 = 0
+  local length_deletions1 = 0
+  -- Number of characters that changed after the equality.
+  local length_insertions2 = 0
+  local length_deletions2 = 0
+
+  while diffs[pointer] do
+    if diffs[pointer][1] == DIFF_EQUAL then  -- Equality found.
+      equalitiesLength = equalitiesLength + 1
+      equalities[equalitiesLength] = pointer
+      length_insertions1 = length_insertions2
+      length_deletions1 = length_deletions2
+      length_insertions2 = 0
+      length_deletions2 = 0
+      lastequality = diffs[pointer][2]
+    else  -- An insertion or deletion.
+      if diffs[pointer][1] == DIFF_INSERT then
+        length_insertions2 = length_insertions2 + #(diffs[pointer][2])
+      else
+        length_deletions2 = length_deletions2 + #(diffs[pointer][2])
+      end
+      -- Eliminate an equality that is smaller or equal to the edits on both
+      -- sides of it.
+      if lastequality
+          and (#lastequality <= max(length_insertions1, length_deletions1))
+          and (#lastequality <= max(length_insertions2, length_deletions2)) then
+        -- Duplicate record.
+        tinsert(diffs, equalities[equalitiesLength],
+         {DIFF_DELETE, lastequality})
+        -- Change second copy to insert.
+        diffs[equalities[equalitiesLength] + 1][1] = DIFF_INSERT
+        -- Throw away the equality we just deleted.
+        equalitiesLength = equalitiesLength - 1
+        -- Throw away the previous equality (it needs to be reevaluated).
+        equalitiesLength = equalitiesLength - 1
+        pointer = (equalitiesLength > 0) and equalities[equalitiesLength] or 0
+        length_insertions1, length_deletions1 = 0, 0  -- Reset the counters.
+        length_insertions2, length_deletions2 = 0, 0
+        lastequality = nil
+        changes = true
+      end
+    end
+    pointer = pointer + 1
+  end
+
+  -- Normalize the diff.
+  if changes then
+    _diff_cleanupMerge(diffs)
+  end
+  _diff_cleanupSemanticLossless(diffs)
+
+  -- Find any overlaps between deletions and insertions.
+  -- e.g: <del>abcxxx</del><ins>xxxdef</ins>
+  --   -> <del>abc</del>xxx<ins>def</ins>
+  -- e.g: <del>xxxabc</del><ins>defxxx</ins>
+  --   -> <ins>def</ins>xxx<del>abc</del>
+  -- Only extract an overlap if it is as big as the edit ahead or behind it.
+  pointer = 2
+  while diffs[pointer] do
+    if (diffs[pointer - 1][1] == DIFF_DELETE and
+        diffs[pointer][1] == DIFF_INSERT) then
+      local deletion = diffs[pointer - 1][2]
+      local insertion = diffs[pointer][2]
+      local overlap_length1 = _diff_commonOverlap(deletion, insertion)
+      local overlap_length2 = _diff_commonOverlap(insertion, deletion)
+      if (overlap_length1 >= overlap_length2) then
+        if (overlap_length1 >= #deletion / 2 or
+            overlap_length1 >= #insertion / 2) then
+          -- Overlap found.  Insert an equality and trim the surrounding edits.
+          tinsert(diffs, pointer,
+              {DIFF_EQUAL, strsub(insertion, 1, overlap_length1)})
+          diffs[pointer - 1][2] =
+              strsub(deletion, 1, #deletion - overlap_length1)
+          diffs[pointer + 1][2] = strsub(insertion, overlap_length1 + 1)
+          pointer = pointer + 1
+        end
+      else
+        if (overlap_length2 >= #deletion / 2 or
+            overlap_length2 >= #insertion / 2) then
+          -- Reverse overlap found.
+          -- Insert an equality and swap and trim the surrounding edits.
+          tinsert(diffs, pointer,
+              {DIFF_EQUAL, strsub(deletion, 1, overlap_length2)})
+          diffs[pointer - 1] = {DIFF_INSERT,
+              strsub(insertion, 1, #insertion - overlap_length2)}
+          diffs[pointer + 1] = {DIFF_DELETE,
+              strsub(deletion, overlap_length2 + 1)}
+          pointer = pointer + 1
+        end
+      end
+      pointer = pointer + 1
+    end
+    pointer = pointer + 1
+  end
+end
+
+--[[
+* Reduce the number of edits by eliminating operationally trivial equalities.
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+--]]
+function diff_cleanupEfficiency(diffs)
+  local changes = false
+  -- Stack of indices where equalities are found.
+  local equalities = {}
+  -- Keeping our own length var is faster.
+  local equalitiesLength = 0
+  -- Always equal to diffs[equalities[equalitiesLength]][2]
+  local lastequality = nil
+  -- Index of current position.
+  local pointer = 1
+
+  -- The following four are really booleans but are stored as numbers because
+  -- they are used at one point like this:
+  --
+  -- (pre_ins + pre_del + post_ins + post_del) == 3
+  --
+  -- ...i.e. checking that 3 of them are true and 1 of them is false.
+
+  -- Is there an insertion operation before the last equality.
+  local pre_ins = 0
+  -- Is there a deletion operation before the last equality.
+  local pre_del = 0
+  -- Is there an insertion operation after the last equality.
+  local post_ins = 0
+  -- Is there a deletion operation after the last equality.
+  local post_del = 0
+
+  while diffs[pointer] do
+    if diffs[pointer][1] == DIFF_EQUAL then  -- Equality found.
+      local diffText = diffs[pointer][2]
+      if (#diffText < Diff_EditCost) and (post_ins == 1 or post_del == 1) then
+        -- Candidate found.
+        equalitiesLength = equalitiesLength + 1
+        equalities[equalitiesLength] = pointer
+        pre_ins, pre_del = post_ins, post_del
+        lastequality = diffText
+      else
+        -- Not a candidate, and can never become one.
+        equalitiesLength = 0
+        lastequality = nil
+      end
+      post_ins, post_del = 0, 0
+    else  -- An insertion or deletion.
+      if diffs[pointer][1] == DIFF_DELETE then
+        post_del = 1
+      else
+        post_ins = 1
+      end
+      --[[
+      * Five types to be split:
+      * <ins>A</ins><del>B</del>XY<ins>C</ins><del>D</del>
+      * <ins>A</ins>X<ins>C</ins><del>D</del>
+      * <ins>A</ins><del>B</del>X<ins>C</ins>
+      * <ins>A</del>X<ins>C</ins><del>D</del>
+      * <ins>A</ins><del>B</del>X<del>C</del>
+      --]]
+      if lastequality and (
+          (pre_ins+pre_del+post_ins+post_del == 4)
+          or
+          (
+            (#lastequality < Diff_EditCost / 2)
+            and
+            (pre_ins+pre_del+post_ins+post_del == 3)
+          )) then
+        -- Duplicate record.
+        tinsert(diffs, equalities[equalitiesLength],
+            {DIFF_DELETE, lastequality})
+        -- Change second copy to insert.
+        diffs[equalities[equalitiesLength] + 1][1] = DIFF_INSERT
+        -- Throw away the equality we just deleted.
+        equalitiesLength = equalitiesLength - 1
+        lastequality = nil
+        if (pre_ins == 1) and (pre_del == 1) then
+          -- No changes made which could affect previous entry, keep going.
+          post_ins, post_del = 1, 1
+          equalitiesLength = 0
+        else
+          -- Throw away the previous equality.
+          equalitiesLength = equalitiesLength - 1
+          pointer = (equalitiesLength > 0) and equalities[equalitiesLength] or 0
+          post_ins, post_del = 0, 0
+        end
+        changes = true
+      end
+    end
+    pointer = pointer + 1
+  end
+
+  if changes then
+    _diff_cleanupMerge(diffs)
+  end
+end
+
+--[[
+* Compute the Levenshtein distance; the number of inserted, deleted or
+* substituted characters.
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+* @return {number} Number of changes.
+--]]
+function diff_levenshtein(diffs)
+  local levenshtein = 0
+  local insertions, deletions = 0, 0
+  for x, diff in ipairs(diffs) do
+    local op, data = diff[1], diff[2]
+    if (op == DIFF_INSERT) then
+      insertions = insertions + #data
+    elseif (op == DIFF_DELETE) then
+      deletions = deletions + #data
+    elseif (op == DIFF_EQUAL) then
+      -- A deletion and an insertion is one substitution.
+      levenshtein = levenshtein + max(insertions, deletions)
+      insertions = 0
+      deletions = 0
+    end
+  end
+  levenshtein = levenshtein + max(insertions, deletions)
+  return levenshtein
+end
+
+--[[
+* Convert a diff array into a pretty HTML report.
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+* @return {string} HTML representation.
+--]]
+function diff_prettyHtml(diffs)
+  local html = {}
+  for x, diff in ipairs(diffs) do
+    local op = diff[1]   -- Operation (insert, delete, equal)
+    local data = diff[2]  -- Text of change.
+    local text = gsub(data, htmlEncode_pattern, htmlEncode_replace)
+    if op == DIFF_INSERT then
+      html[x] = '<ins style="background:#e6ffe6;">' .. text .. '</ins>'
+    elseif op == DIFF_DELETE then
+      html[x] = '<del style="background:#ffe6e6;">' .. text .. '</del>'
+    elseif op == DIFF_EQUAL then
+      html[x] = '<span>' .. text .. '</span>'
+    end
+  end
+  return tconcat(html)
+end
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- UNOFFICIAL/PRIVATE DIFF FUNCTIONS
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+--[[
+* Find the differences between two texts.  Assumes that the texts do not
+* have any common prefix or suffix.
+* @param {string} text1 Old string to be diffed.
+* @param {string} text2 New string to be diffed.
+* @param {boolean} checklines Has no effect in Lua.
+* @return {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} Array of diff tuples.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _diff_compute(text1, text2, checklines)
+  if #text1 == 0 then
+    -- Just add some text (speedup).
+    return {{DIFF_INSERT, text2}}
+  end
+
+  if #text2 == 0 then
+    -- Just delete some text (speedup).
+    return {{DIFF_DELETE, text1}}
+  end
+
+  local diffs
+
+  local longtext = (#text1 > #text2) and text1 or text2
+  local shorttext = (#text1 > #text2) and text2 or text1
+  local i = indexOf(longtext, shorttext)
+
+  if i ~= nil then
+    -- Shorter text is inside the longer text (speedup).
+    diffs = {
+      {DIFF_INSERT, strsub(longtext, 1, i - 1)},
+      {DIFF_EQUAL, shorttext},
+      {DIFF_INSERT, strsub(longtext, i + #shorttext)}
+    }
+    -- Swap insertions for deletions if diff is reversed.
+    if #text1 > #text2 then
+      diffs[1][1], diffs[3][1] = DIFF_DELETE, DIFF_DELETE
+    end
+    return diffs
+  end
+
+  if #shorttext == 1 then
+    -- Single character string.
+    -- After the previous speedup, the character can't be an equality.
+    return {{DIFF_DELETE, text1}, {DIFF_INSERT, text2}}
+  end
+  longtext, shorttext = nil, nil  -- Garbage collect.
+
+  -- Check to see if the problem can be split in two.
+  do
+    local
+     text1_a, text1_b,
+     text2_a, text2_b,
+     mid_common        = _diff_halfMatch(text1, text2)
+
+    if text1_a then
+      -- A half-match was found, sort out the return data.
+      -- Send both pairs off for separate processing.
+      local diffs_a = diff_main(text1_a, text2_a, checklines)
+      local diffs_b = diff_main(text1_b, text2_b, checklines)
+      -- Merge the results.
+      local diffs_a_len = #diffs_a
+      diffs = diffs_a
+      diffs[diffs_a_len + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, mid_common}
+      for i, b_diff in ipairs(diffs_b) do
+        diffs[diffs_a_len + 1 + i] = b_diff
+      end
+      return diffs
+    end
+  end
+
+  return _diff_bisect(text1, text2)
+end
+
+--[[
+* Find the 'middle snake' of a diff, split the problem in two
+* and return the recursively constructed diff.
+* See Myers 1986 paper: An O(ND) Difference Algorithm and Its Variations.
+* @param {string} text1 Old string to be diffed.
+* @param {string} text2 New string to be diffed.
+* @return {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} Array of diff tuples.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _diff_bisect(text1, text2)
+  -- Cache the text lengths to prevent multiple calls.
+  local text1_length = #text1
+  local text2_length = #text2
+  local _sub, _element
+  local max_d = ceil((text1_length + text2_length) / 2)
+  local v_offset = max_d
+  local v_length = 2 * max_d
+  local v1 = {}
+  local v2 = {}
+  -- Setting all elements to -1 is faster in Lua than mixing integers and nil.
+  for x = 0, v_length - 1 do
+    v1[x] = -1
+    v2[x] = -1
+  end
+  v1[v_offset + 1] = 0
+  v2[v_offset + 1] = 0
+  local delta = text1_length - text2_length
+  -- If the total number of characters is odd, then
+  -- the front path will collide with the reverse path.
+  local front = (delta % 2 ~= 0)
+  -- Offsets for start and end of k loop.
+  -- Prevents mapping of space beyond the grid.
+  local k1start = 0
+  local k1end = 0
+  local k2start = 0
+  local k2end = 0
+  for d = 0, max_d - 1 do
+    -- Walk the front path one step.
+    for k1 = -d + k1start, d - k1end, 2 do
+      local k1_offset = v_offset + k1
+      local x1
+      if (k1 == -d) or ((k1 ~= d) and
+          (v1[k1_offset - 1] < v1[k1_offset + 1])) then
+        x1 = v1[k1_offset + 1]
+      else
+        x1 = v1[k1_offset - 1] + 1
+      end
+      local y1 = x1 - k1
+      while (x1 <= text1_length) and (y1 <= text2_length)
+          and (strelement(text1, x1) == strelement(text2, y1)) do
+        x1 = x1 + 1
+        y1 = y1 + 1
+      end
+      v1[k1_offset] = x1
+      if x1 > text1_length + 1 then
+        -- Ran off the right of the graph.
+        k1end = k1end + 2
+      elseif y1 > text2_length + 1 then
+        -- Ran off the bottom of the graph.
+        k1start = k1start + 2
+      elseif front then
+        local k2_offset = v_offset + delta - k1
+        if k2_offset >= 0 and k2_offset < v_length and v2[k2_offset] ~= -1 then
+          -- Mirror x2 onto top-left coordinate system.
+          local x2 = text1_length - v2[k2_offset] + 1
+          if x1 > x2 then
+            -- Overlap detected.
+            return _diff_bisectSplit(text1, text2, x1, y1)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    -- Walk the reverse path one step.
+    for k2 = -d + k2start, d - k2end, 2 do
+      local k2_offset = v_offset + k2
+      local x2
+      if (k2 == -d) or ((k2 ~= d) and
+          (v2[k2_offset - 1] < v2[k2_offset + 1])) then
+        x2 = v2[k2_offset + 1]
+      else
+        x2 = v2[k2_offset - 1] + 1
+      end
+      local y2 = x2 - k2
+      while (x2 <= text1_length) and (y2 <= text2_length)
+          and (strelement(text1, -x2) == strelement(text2, -y2)) do
+        x2 = x2 + 1
+        y2 = y2 + 1
+      end
+      v2[k2_offset] = x2
+      if x2 > text1_length + 1 then
+        -- Ran off the left of the graph.
+        k2end = k2end + 2
+      elseif y2 > text2_length + 1 then
+        -- Ran off the top of the graph.
+        k2start = k2start + 2
+      elseif not front then
+        local k1_offset = v_offset + delta - k2
+        if k1_offset >= 0 and k1_offset < v_length and v1[k1_offset] ~= -1 then
+          local x1 = v1[k1_offset]
+          local y1 = v_offset + x1 - k1_offset
+          -- Mirror x2 onto top-left coordinate system.
+          x2 = text1_length - x2 + 1
+          if x1 > x2 then
+            -- Overlap detected.
+            return _diff_bisectSplit(text1, text2, x1, y1)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  -- Diff took too long and hit the deadline or
+  -- number of diffs equals number of characters, no commonality at all.
+  return {{DIFF_DELETE, text1}, {DIFF_INSERT, text2}}
+end
+
+--[[
+ * Given the location of the 'middle snake', split the diff in two parts
+ * and recurse.
+ * @param {string} text1 Old string to be diffed.
+ * @param {string} text2 New string to be diffed.
+ * @param {number} x Index of split point in text1.
+ * @param {number} y Index of split point in text2.
+ * @return {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} Array of diff tuples.
+ * @private
+--]]
+function _diff_bisectSplit(text1, text2, x, y)
+  local text1a = strsub(text1, 1, x - 1)
+  local text2a = strsub(text2, 1, y - 1)
+  local text1b = strsub(text1, x)
+  local text2b = strsub(text2, y)
+
+  -- Compute both diffs serially.
+  local diffs = diff_main(text1a, text2a, false)
+  local diffsb = diff_main(text1b, text2b, false)
+
+  local diffs_len = #diffs
+  for i, v in ipairs(diffsb) do
+    diffs[diffs_len + i] = v
+  end
+  return diffs
+end
+
+--[[
+* Determine the common prefix of two strings.
+* @param {string} text1 First string.
+* @param {string} text2 Second string.
+* @return {number} The number of characters common to the start of each
+*    string.
+--]]
+function _diff_commonPrefix(text1, text2)
+  -- Quick check for common null cases.
+  if (#text1 == 0) or (#text2 == 0) or (strbyte(text1, 1) ~= strbyte(text2, 1))
+      then
+    return 0
+  end
+  -- Binary search.
+  -- Performance analysis: http://neil.fraser.name/news/2007/10/09/
+  local pointermin = 1
+  local pointermax = min(#text1, #text2)
+  local pointermid = pointermax
+  local pointerstart = 1
+  while (pointermin < pointermid) do
+    if (strsub(text1, pointerstart, pointermid)
+        == strsub(text2, pointerstart, pointermid)) then
+      pointermin = pointermid
+      pointerstart = pointermin
+    else
+      pointermax = pointermid
+    end
+    pointermid = floor(pointermin + (pointermax - pointermin) / 2)
+  end
+  return pointermid
+end
+
+--[[
+* Determine the common suffix of two strings.
+* @param {string} text1 First string.
+* @param {string} text2 Second string.
+* @return {number} The number of characters common to the end of each string.
+--]]
+function _diff_commonSuffix(text1, text2)
+  -- Quick check for common null cases.
+  if (#text1 == 0) or (#text2 == 0)
+      or (strbyte(text1, -1) ~= strbyte(text2, -1)) then
+    return 0
+  end
+  -- Binary search.
+  -- Performance analysis: http://neil.fraser.name/news/2007/10/09/
+  local pointermin = 1
+  local pointermax = min(#text1, #text2)
+  local pointermid = pointermax
+  local pointerend = 1
+  while (pointermin < pointermid) do
+    if (strsub(text1, -pointermid, -pointerend)
+        == strsub(text2, -pointermid, -pointerend)) then
+      pointermin = pointermid
+      pointerend = pointermin
+    else
+      pointermax = pointermid
+    end
+    pointermid = floor(pointermin + (pointermax - pointermin) / 2)
+  end
+  return pointermid
+end
+
+--[[
+* Determine if the suffix of one string is the prefix of another.
+* @param {string} text1 First string.
+* @param {string} text2 Second string.
+* @return {number} The number of characters common to the end of the first
+*     string and the start of the second string.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _diff_commonOverlap(text1, text2)
+  -- Cache the text lengths to prevent multiple calls.
+  local text1_length = #text1
+  local text2_length = #text2
+  -- Eliminate the null case.
+  if text1_length == 0 or text2_length == 0 then
+    return 0
+  end
+  -- Truncate the longer string.
+  if text1_length > text2_length then
+    text1 = strsub(text1, text1_length - text2_length + 1)
+  elseif text1_length < text2_length then
+    text2 = strsub(text2, 1, text1_length)
+  end
+  local text_length = min(text1_length, text2_length)
+  -- Quick check for the worst case.
+  if text1 == text2 then
+    return text_length
+  end
+
+  -- Start by looking for a single character match
+  -- and increase length until no match is found.
+  -- Performance analysis: http://neil.fraser.name/news/2010/11/04/
+  local best = 0
+  local length = 1
+  while true do
+    local pattern = strsub(text1, text_length - length + 1)
+    local found = strfind(text2, pattern, 1, true)
+    if found == nil then
+      return best
+    end
+    length = length + found - 1
+    if found == 1 or strsub(text1, text_length - length + 1) ==
+                     strsub(text2, 1, length) then
+      best = length
+      length = length + 1
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+--[[
+* Does a substring of shorttext exist within longtext such that the substring
+* is at least half the length of longtext?
+* This speedup can produce non-minimal diffs.
+* Closure, but does not reference any external variables.
+* @param {string} longtext Longer string.
+* @param {string} shorttext Shorter string.
+* @param {number} i Start index of quarter length substring within longtext.
+* @return {?Array.<string>} Five element Array, containing the prefix of
+*    longtext, the suffix of longtext, the prefix of shorttext, the suffix
+*    of shorttext and the common middle.  Or nil if there was no match.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _diff_halfMatchI(longtext, shorttext, i)
+  -- Start with a 1/4 length substring at position i as a seed.
+  local seed = strsub(longtext, i, i + floor(#longtext / 4))
+  local j = 0  -- LUANOTE: do not change to 1, was originally -1
+  local best_common = ''
+  local best_longtext_a, best_longtext_b, best_shorttext_a, best_shorttext_b
+  while true do
+    j = indexOf(shorttext, seed, j + 1)
+    if (j == nil) then
+      break
+    end
+    local prefixLength = _diff_commonPrefix(strsub(longtext, i),
+        strsub(shorttext, j))
+    local suffixLength = _diff_commonSuffix(strsub(longtext, 1, i - 1),
+        strsub(shorttext, 1, j - 1))
+    if #best_common < suffixLength + prefixLength then
+      best_common = strsub(shorttext, j - suffixLength, j - 1)
+          .. strsub(shorttext, j, j + prefixLength - 1)
+      best_longtext_a = strsub(longtext, 1, i - suffixLength - 1)
+      best_longtext_b = strsub(longtext, i + prefixLength)
+      best_shorttext_a = strsub(shorttext, 1, j - suffixLength - 1)
+      best_shorttext_b = strsub(shorttext, j + prefixLength)
+    end
+  end
+  if #best_common * 2 >= #longtext then
+    return {best_longtext_a, best_longtext_b,
+            best_shorttext_a, best_shorttext_b, best_common}
+  else
+    return nil
+  end
+end
+
+--[[
+* Do the two texts share a substring which is at least half the length of the
+* longer text?
+* @param {string} text1 First string.
+* @param {string} text2 Second string.
+* @return {?Array.<string>} Five element Array, containing the prefix of
+*    text1, the suffix of text1, the prefix of text2, the suffix of
+*    text2 and the common middle.  Or nil if there was no match.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _diff_halfMatch(text1, text2)
+  if Diff_Timeout <= 0 then
+    -- Don't risk returning a non-optimal diff if we have unlimited time.
+    return nil
+  end
+  local longtext = (#text1 > #text2) and text1 or text2
+  local shorttext = (#text1 > #text2) and text2 or text1
+  if (#longtext < 4) or (#shorttext * 2 < #longtext) then
+    return nil  -- Pointless.
+  end
+
+  -- First check if the second quarter is the seed for a half-match.
+  local hm1 = _diff_halfMatchI(longtext, shorttext, ceil(#longtext / 4))
+  -- Check again based on the third quarter.
+  local hm2 = _diff_halfMatchI(longtext, shorttext, ceil(#longtext / 2))
+  local hm
+  if not hm1 and not hm2 then
+    return nil
+  elseif not hm2 then
+    hm = hm1
+  elseif not hm1 then
+    hm = hm2
+  else
+    -- Both matched.  Select the longest.
+    hm = (#hm1[5] > #hm2[5]) and hm1 or hm2
+  end
+
+  -- A half-match was found, sort out the return data.
+  local text1_a, text1_b, text2_a, text2_b
+  if (#text1 > #text2) then
+    text1_a, text1_b = hm[1], hm[2]
+    text2_a, text2_b = hm[3], hm[4]
+  else
+    text2_a, text2_b = hm[1], hm[2]
+    text1_a, text1_b = hm[3], hm[4]
+  end
+  local mid_common = hm[5]
+  return text1_a, text1_b, text2_a, text2_b, mid_common
+end
+
+--[[
+* Given two strings, compute a score representing whether the internal
+* boundary falls on logical boundaries.
+* Scores range from 6 (best) to 0 (worst).
+* @param {string} one First string.
+* @param {string} two Second string.
+* @return {number} The score.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _diff_cleanupSemanticScore(one, two)
+  if (#one == 0) or (#two == 0) then
+    -- Edges are the best.
+    return 6
+  end
+
+  -- Each port of this function behaves slightly differently due to
+  -- subtle differences in each language's definition of things like
+  -- 'whitespace'.  Since this function's purpose is largely cosmetic,
+  -- the choice has been made to use each language's native features
+  -- rather than force total conformity.
+  local char1 = strsub(one, -1)
+  local char2 = strsub(two, 1, 1)
+  local nonAlphaNumeric1 = strmatch(char1, '%W')
+  local nonAlphaNumeric2 = strmatch(char2, '%W')
+  local whitespace1 = nonAlphaNumeric1 and strmatch(char1, '%s')
+  local whitespace2 = nonAlphaNumeric2 and strmatch(char2, '%s')
+  local lineBreak1 = whitespace1 and strmatch(char1, '%c')
+  local lineBreak2 = whitespace2 and strmatch(char2, '%c')
+  local blankLine1 = lineBreak1 and strmatch(one, '\n\r?\n$')
+  local blankLine2 = lineBreak2 and strmatch(two, '^\r?\n\r?\n')
+
+  if blankLine1 or blankLine2 then
+    -- Five points for blank lines.
+    return 5
+  elseif lineBreak1 or lineBreak2 then
+    -- Four points for line breaks.
+    return 4
+  elseif nonAlphaNumeric1 and not whitespace1 and whitespace2 then
+    -- Three points for end of sentences.
+    return 3
+  elseif whitespace1 or whitespace2 then
+    -- Two points for whitespace.
+    return 2
+  elseif nonAlphaNumeric1 or nonAlphaNumeric2 then
+    -- One point for non-alphanumeric.
+    return 1
+  end
+  return 0
+end
+
+--[[
+* Look for single edits surrounded on both sides by equalities
+* which can be shifted sideways to align the edit to a word boundary.
+* e.g: The c<ins>at c</ins>ame. -> The <ins>cat </ins>came.
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+--]]
+function _diff_cleanupSemanticLossless(diffs)
+  local pointer = 2
+  -- Intentionally ignore the first and last element (don't need checking).
+  while diffs[pointer + 1] do
+    local prevDiff, nextDiff = diffs[pointer - 1], diffs[pointer + 1]
+    if (prevDiff[1] == DIFF_EQUAL) and (nextDiff[1] == DIFF_EQUAL) then
+      -- This is a single edit surrounded by equalities.
+      local diff = diffs[pointer]
+
+      local equality1 = prevDiff[2]
+      local edit = diff[2]
+      local equality2 = nextDiff[2]
+
+      -- First, shift the edit as far left as possible.
+      local commonOffset = _diff_commonSuffix(equality1, edit)
+      if commonOffset > 0 then
+        local commonString = strsub(edit, -commonOffset)
+        equality1 = strsub(equality1, 1, -commonOffset - 1)
+        edit = commonString .. strsub(edit, 1, -commonOffset - 1)
+        equality2 = commonString .. equality2
+      end
+
+      -- Second, step character by character right, looking for the best fit.
+      local bestEquality1 = equality1
+      local bestEdit = edit
+      local bestEquality2 = equality2
+      local bestScore = _diff_cleanupSemanticScore(equality1, edit)
+          + _diff_cleanupSemanticScore(edit, equality2)
+
+      while strbyte(edit, 1) == strbyte(equality2, 1) do
+        equality1 = equality1 .. strsub(edit, 1, 1)
+        edit = strsub(edit, 2) .. strsub(equality2, 1, 1)
+        equality2 = strsub(equality2, 2)
+        local score = _diff_cleanupSemanticScore(equality1, edit)
+            + _diff_cleanupSemanticScore(edit, equality2)
+        -- The >= encourages trailing rather than leading whitespace on edits.
+        if score >= bestScore then
+          bestScore = score
+          bestEquality1 = equality1
+          bestEdit = edit
+          bestEquality2 = equality2
+        end
+      end
+      if prevDiff[2] ~= bestEquality1 then
+        -- We have an improvement, save it back to the diff.
+        if #bestEquality1 > 0 then
+          diffs[pointer - 1][2] = bestEquality1
+        else
+          tremove(diffs, pointer - 1)
+          pointer = pointer - 1
+        end
+        diffs[pointer][2] = bestEdit
+        if #bestEquality2 > 0 then
+          diffs[pointer + 1][2] = bestEquality2
+        else
+          tremove(diffs, pointer + 1, 1)
+          pointer = pointer - 1
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    pointer = pointer + 1
+  end
+end
+
+--[[
+* Reorder and merge like edit sections.  Merge equalities.
+* Any edit section can move as long as it doesn't cross an equality.
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+--]]
+function _diff_cleanupMerge(diffs)
+  diffs[#diffs + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, ''}  -- Add a dummy entry at the end.
+  local pointer = 1
+  local count_delete, count_insert = 0, 0
+  local text_delete, text_insert = '', ''
+  local commonlength
+  while diffs[pointer] do
+    local diff_type = diffs[pointer][1]
+    if diff_type == DIFF_INSERT then
+      count_insert = count_insert + 1
+      text_insert = text_insert .. diffs[pointer][2]
+      pointer = pointer + 1
+    elseif diff_type == DIFF_DELETE then
+      count_delete = count_delete + 1
+      text_delete = text_delete .. diffs[pointer][2]
+      pointer = pointer + 1
+    elseif diff_type == DIFF_EQUAL then
+      -- Upon reaching an equality, check for prior redundancies.
+      if count_delete + count_insert > 1 then
+        if (count_delete > 0) and (count_insert > 0) then
+          -- Factor out any common prefixies.
+          commonlength = _diff_commonPrefix(text_insert, text_delete)
+          if commonlength > 0 then
+            local back_pointer = pointer - count_delete - count_insert
+            if (back_pointer > 1) and (diffs[back_pointer - 1][1] == DIFF_EQUAL)
+                then
+              diffs[back_pointer - 1][2] = diffs[back_pointer - 1][2]
+                  .. strsub(text_insert, 1, commonlength)
+            else
+              tinsert(diffs, 1,
+                  {DIFF_EQUAL, strsub(text_insert, 1, commonlength)})
+              pointer = pointer + 1
+            end
+            text_insert = strsub(text_insert, commonlength + 1)
+            text_delete = strsub(text_delete, commonlength + 1)
+          end
+          -- Factor out any common suffixies.
+          commonlength = _diff_commonSuffix(text_insert, text_delete)
+          if commonlength ~= 0 then
+            diffs[pointer][2] =
+            strsub(text_insert, -commonlength) .. diffs[pointer][2]
+            text_insert = strsub(text_insert, 1, -commonlength - 1)
+            text_delete = strsub(text_delete, 1, -commonlength - 1)
+          end
+        end
+        -- Delete the offending records and add the merged ones.
+        if count_delete == 0 then
+          tsplice(diffs, pointer - count_insert,
+          count_insert, {DIFF_INSERT, text_insert})
+        elseif count_insert == 0 then
+          tsplice(diffs, pointer - count_delete,
+          count_delete, {DIFF_DELETE, text_delete})
+        else
+          tsplice(diffs, pointer - count_delete - count_insert,
+          count_delete + count_insert,
+          {DIFF_DELETE, text_delete}, {DIFF_INSERT, text_insert})
+        end
+        pointer = pointer - count_delete - count_insert
+            + (count_delete>0 and 1 or 0) + (count_insert>0 and 1 or 0) + 1
+      elseif (pointer > 1) and (diffs[pointer - 1][1] == DIFF_EQUAL) then
+        -- Merge this equality with the previous one.
+        diffs[pointer - 1][2] = diffs[pointer - 1][2] .. diffs[pointer][2]
+        tremove(diffs, pointer)
+      else
+        pointer = pointer + 1
+      end
+      count_insert, count_delete = 0, 0
+      text_delete, text_insert = '', ''
+    end
+  end
+  if diffs[#diffs][2] == '' then
+    diffs[#diffs] = nil  -- Remove the dummy entry at the end.
+  end
+
+  -- Second pass: look for single edits surrounded on both sides by equalities
+  -- which can be shifted sideways to eliminate an equality.
+  -- e.g: A<ins>BA</ins>C -> <ins>AB</ins>AC
+  local changes = false
+  pointer = 2
+  -- Intentionally ignore the first and last element (don't need checking).
+  while pointer < #diffs do
+    local prevDiff, nextDiff = diffs[pointer - 1], diffs[pointer + 1]
+    if (prevDiff[1] == DIFF_EQUAL) and (nextDiff[1] == DIFF_EQUAL) then
+      -- This is a single edit surrounded by equalities.
+      local diff = diffs[pointer]
+      local currentText = diff[2]
+      local prevText = prevDiff[2]
+      local nextText = nextDiff[2]
+      if strsub(currentText, -#prevText) == prevText then
+        -- Shift the edit over the previous equality.
+        diff[2] = prevText .. strsub(currentText, 1, -#prevText - 1)
+        nextDiff[2] = prevText .. nextDiff[2]
+        tremove(diffs, pointer - 1)
+        changes = true
+      elseif strsub(currentText, 1, #nextText) == nextText then
+        -- Shift the edit over the next equality.
+        prevDiff[2] = prevText .. nextText
+        diff[2] = strsub(currentText, #nextText + 1) .. nextText
+        tremove(diffs, pointer + 1)
+        changes = true
+      end
+    end
+    pointer = pointer + 1
+  end
+  -- If shifts were made, the diff needs reordering and another shift sweep.
+  if changes then
+    -- LUANOTE: no return value, but necessary to use 'return' to get
+    -- tail calls.
+    return _diff_cleanupMerge(diffs)
+  end
+end
+
+--[[
+* loc is a location in text1, compute and return the equivalent location in
+* text2.
+* e.g. 'The cat' vs 'The big cat', 1->1, 5->8
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+* @param {number} loc Location within text1.
+* @return {number} Location within text2.
+--]]
+function _diff_xIndex(diffs, loc)
+  local chars1 = 1
+  local chars2 = 1
+  local last_chars1 = 1
+  local last_chars2 = 1
+  local x
+  for _x, diff in ipairs(diffs) do
+    x = _x
+    if diff[1] ~= DIFF_INSERT then   -- Equality or deletion.
+      chars1 = chars1 + #diff[2]
+    end
+    if diff[1] ~= DIFF_DELETE then   -- Equality or insertion.
+      chars2 = chars2 + #diff[2]
+    end
+    if chars1 > loc then   -- Overshot the location.
+      break
+    end
+    last_chars1 = chars1
+    last_chars2 = chars2
+  end
+  -- Was the location deleted?
+  if diffs[x + 1] and (diffs[x][1] == DIFF_DELETE) then
+    return last_chars2
+  end
+  -- Add the remaining character length.
+  return last_chars2 + (loc - last_chars1)
+end
+
+--[[
+* Compute and return the source text (all equalities and deletions).
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+* @return {string} Source text.
+--]]
+function _diff_text1(diffs)
+  local text = {}
+  for x, diff in ipairs(diffs) do
+    if diff[1] ~= DIFF_INSERT then
+      text[#text + 1] = diff[2]
+    end
+  end
+  return tconcat(text)
+end
+
+--[[
+* Compute and return the destination text (all equalities and insertions).
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+* @return {string} Destination text.
+--]]
+function _diff_text2(diffs)
+  local text = {}
+  for x, diff in ipairs(diffs) do
+    if diff[1] ~= DIFF_DELETE then
+      text[#text + 1] = diff[2]
+    end
+  end
+  return tconcat(text)
+end
+
+--[[
+* Crush the diff into an encoded string which describes the operations
+* required to transform text1 into text2.
+* E.g. =3\t-2\t+ing  -> Keep 3 chars, delete 2 chars, insert 'ing'.
+* Operations are tab-separated.  Inserted text is escaped using %xx notation.
+* @param {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} diffs Array of diff tuples.
+* @return {string} Delta text.
+--]]
+function _diff_toDelta(diffs)
+  local text = {}
+  for x, diff in ipairs(diffs) do
+    local op, data = diff[1], diff[2]
+    if op == DIFF_INSERT then
+      text[x] = '+' .. gsub(data, percentEncode_pattern, percentEncode_replace)
+    elseif op == DIFF_DELETE then
+      text[x] = '-' .. #data
+    elseif op == DIFF_EQUAL then
+      text[x] = '=' .. #data
+    end
+  end
+  return tconcat(text, '\t')
+end
+
+--[[
+* Given the original text1, and an encoded string which describes the
+* operations required to transform text1 into text2, compute the full diff.
+* @param {string} text1 Source string for the diff.
+* @param {string} delta Delta text.
+* @return {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} Array of diff tuples.
+* @throws {Errorend If invalid input.
+--]]
+function _diff_fromDelta(text1, delta)
+  local diffs = {}
+  local diffsLength = 0  -- Keeping our own length var is faster
+  local pointer = 1  -- Cursor in text1
+  for token in gmatch(delta, '[^\t]+') do
+    -- Each token begins with a one character parameter which specifies the
+    -- operation of this token (delete, insert, equality).
+    local tokenchar, param = strsub(token, 1, 1), strsub(token, 2)
+    if (tokenchar == '+') then
+      local invalidDecode = false
+      local decoded = gsub(param, '%%(.?.?)',
+          function(c)
+            local n = tonumber(c, 16)
+            if (#c ~= 2) or (n == nil) then
+              invalidDecode = true
+              return ''
+            end
+            return strchar(n)
+          end)
+      if invalidDecode then
+        -- Malformed URI sequence.
+        error('Illegal escape in _diff_fromDelta: ' .. param)
+      end
+      diffsLength = diffsLength + 1
+      diffs[diffsLength] = {DIFF_INSERT, decoded}
+    elseif (tokenchar == '-') or (tokenchar == '=') then
+      local n = tonumber(param)
+      if (n == nil) or (n < 0) then
+        error('Invalid number in _diff_fromDelta: ' .. param)
+      end
+      local text = strsub(text1, pointer, pointer + n - 1)
+      pointer = pointer + n
+      if (tokenchar == '=') then
+        diffsLength = diffsLength + 1
+        diffs[diffsLength] = {DIFF_EQUAL, text}
+      else
+        diffsLength = diffsLength + 1
+        diffs[diffsLength] = {DIFF_DELETE, text}
+      end
+    else
+      error('Invalid diff operation in _diff_fromDelta: ' .. token)
+    end
+  end
+  if (pointer ~= #text1 + 1) then
+    error('Delta length (' .. (pointer - 1)
+        .. ') does not equal source text length (' .. #text1 .. ').')
+  end
+  return diffs
+end
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+--  MATCH API
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+local _match_bitap, _match_alphabet
+
+--[[
+* Locate the best instance of 'pattern' in 'text' near 'loc'.
+* @param {string} text The text to search.
+* @param {string} pattern The pattern to search for.
+* @param {number} loc The location to search around.
+* @return {number} Best match index or -1.
+--]]
+function match_main(text, pattern, loc)
+  -- Check for null inputs.
+  if text == nil or pattern == nil or loc == nil then
+    error('Null inputs. (match_main)')
+  end
+
+  if text == pattern then
+    -- Shortcut (potentially not guaranteed by the algorithm)
+    return 1
+  elseif #text == 0 then
+    -- Nothing to match.
+    return -1
+  end
+  loc = max(1, min(loc, #text))
+  if strsub(text, loc, loc + #pattern - 1) == pattern then
+    -- Perfect match at the perfect spot!  (Includes case of null pattern)
+    return loc
+  else
+    -- Do a fuzzy compare.
+    return _match_bitap(text, pattern, loc)
+  end
+end
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- UNOFFICIAL/PRIVATE MATCH FUNCTIONS
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+--[[
+* Initialise the alphabet for the Bitap algorithm.
+* @param {string} pattern The text to encode.
+* @return {Object} Hash of character locations.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _match_alphabet(pattern)
+  local s = {}
+  local i = 0
+  for c in gmatch(pattern, '.') do
+    s[c] = bor(s[c] or 0, lshift(1, #pattern - i - 1))
+    i = i + 1
+  end
+  return s
+end
+
+--[[
+* Locate the best instance of 'pattern' in 'text' near 'loc' using the
+* Bitap algorithm.
+* @param {string} text The text to search.
+* @param {string} pattern The pattern to search for.
+* @param {number} loc The location to search around.
+* @return {number} Best match index or -1.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _match_bitap(text, pattern, loc)
+  if #pattern > Match_MaxBits then
+    error('Pattern too long.')
+  end
+
+  -- Initialise the alphabet.
+  local s = _match_alphabet(pattern)
+
+  --[[
+  * Compute and return the score for a match with e errors and x location.
+  * Accesses loc and pattern through being a closure.
+  * @param {number} e Number of errors in match.
+  * @param {number} x Location of match.
+  * @return {number} Overall score for match (0.0 = good, 1.0 = bad).
+  * @private
+  --]]
+  local function _match_bitapScore(e, x)
+    local accuracy = e / #pattern
+    local proximity = abs(loc - x)
+    if (Match_Distance == 0) then
+      -- Dodge divide by zero error.
+      return (proximity == 0) and 1 or accuracy
+    end
+    return accuracy + (proximity / Match_Distance)
+  end
+
+  -- Highest score beyond which we give up.
+  local score_threshold = Match_Threshold
+  -- Is there a nearby exact match? (speedup)
+  local best_loc = indexOf(text, pattern, loc)
+  if best_loc then
+    score_threshold = min(_match_bitapScore(0, best_loc), score_threshold)
+    -- LUANOTE: Ideally we'd also check from the other direction, but Lua
+    -- doesn't have an efficent lastIndexOf function.
+  end
+
+  -- Initialise the bit arrays.
+  local matchmask = lshift(1, #pattern - 1)
+  best_loc = -1
+
+  local bin_min, bin_mid
+  local bin_max = #pattern + #text
+  local last_rd
+  for d = 0, #pattern - 1, 1 do
+    -- Scan for the best match; each iteration allows for one more error.
+    -- Run a binary search to determine how far from 'loc' we can stray at this
+    -- error level.
+    bin_min = 0
+    bin_mid = bin_max
+    while (bin_min < bin_mid) do
+      if (_match_bitapScore(d, loc + bin_mid) <= score_threshold) then
+        bin_min = bin_mid
+      else
+        bin_max = bin_mid
+      end
+      bin_mid = floor(bin_min + (bin_max - bin_min) / 2)
+    end
+    -- Use the result from this iteration as the maximum for the next.
+    bin_max = bin_mid
+    local start = max(1, loc - bin_mid + 1)
+    local finish = min(loc + bin_mid, #text) + #pattern
+
+    local rd = {}
+    for j = start, finish do
+      rd[j] = 0
+    end
+    rd[finish + 1] = lshift(1, d) - 1
+    for j = finish, start, -1 do
+      local charMatch = s[strsub(text, j - 1, j - 1)] or 0
+      if (d == 0) then  -- First pass: exact match.
+        rd[j] = band(bor((rd[j + 1] * 2), 1), charMatch)
+      else
+        -- Subsequent passes: fuzzy match.
+        -- Functions instead of operators make this hella messy.
+        rd[j] = bor(
+                band(
+                  bor(
+                    lshift(rd[j + 1], 1),
+                    1
+                  ),
+                  charMatch
+                ),
+                bor(
+                  bor(
+                    lshift(bor(last_rd[j + 1], last_rd[j]), 1),
+                    1
+                  ),
+                  last_rd[j + 1]
+                )
+              )
+      end
+      if (band(rd[j], matchmask) ~= 0) then
+        local score = _match_bitapScore(d, j - 1)
+        -- This match will almost certainly be better than any existing match.
+        -- But check anyway.
+        if (score <= score_threshold) then
+          -- Told you so.
+          score_threshold = score
+          best_loc = j - 1
+          if (best_loc > loc) then
+            -- When passing loc, don't exceed our current distance from loc.
+            start = max(1, loc * 2 - best_loc)
+          else
+            -- Already passed loc, downhill from here on in.
+            break
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    -- No hope for a (better) match at greater error levels.
+    if (_match_bitapScore(d + 1, loc) > score_threshold) then
+      break
+    end
+    last_rd = rd
+  end
+  return best_loc
+end
+
+-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- PATCH API
+-- -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+local _patch_addContext,
+      _patch_deepCopy,
+      _patch_addPadding,
+      _patch_splitMax,
+      _patch_appendText,
+      _new_patch_obj
+
+--[[
+* Compute a list of patches to turn text1 into text2.
+* Use diffs if provided, otherwise compute it ourselves.
+* There are four ways to call this function, depending on what data is
+* available to the caller:
+* Method 1:
+* a = text1, b = text2
+* Method 2:
+* a = diffs
+* Method 3 (optimal):
+* a = text1, b = diffs
+* Method 4 (deprecated, use method 3):
+* a = text1, b = text2, c = diffs
+*
+* @param {string|Array.<Array.<number|string>>} a text1 (methods 1,3,4) or
+* Array of diff tuples for text1 to text2 (method 2).
+* @param {string|Array.<Array.<number|string>>} opt_b text2 (methods 1,4) or
+* Array of diff tuples for text1 to text2 (method 3) or undefined (method 2).
+* @param {string|Array.<Array.<number|string>>} opt_c Array of diff tuples for
+* text1 to text2 (method 4) or undefined (methods 1,2,3).
+* @return {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} Array of patch objects.
+--]]
+function patch_make(a, opt_b, opt_c)
+  local text1, diffs
+  local type_a, type_b, type_c = type(a), type(opt_b), type(opt_c)
+  if (type_a == 'string') and (type_b == 'string') and (type_c == 'nil') then
+    -- Method 1: text1, text2
+    -- Compute diffs from text1 and text2.
+    text1 = a
+    diffs = diff_main(text1, opt_b, true)
+    if (#diffs > 2) then
+      diff_cleanupSemantic(diffs)
+      diff_cleanupEfficiency(diffs)
+    end
+  elseif (type_a == 'table') and (type_b == 'nil') and (type_c == 'nil') then
+    -- Method 2: diffs
+    -- Compute text1 from diffs.
+    diffs = a
+    text1 = _diff_text1(diffs)
+  elseif (type_a == 'string') and (type_b == 'table') and (type_c == 'nil') then
+    -- Method 3: text1, diffs
+    text1 = a
+    diffs = opt_b
+  elseif (type_a == 'string') and (type_b == 'string') and (type_c == 'table')
+      then
+    -- Method 4: text1, text2, diffs
+    -- text2 is not used.
+    text1 = a
+    diffs = opt_c
+  else
+    error('Unknown call format to patch_make.')
+  end
+
+  if (diffs[1] == nil) then
+    return {}  -- Get rid of the null case.
+  end
+
+  local patches = {}
+  local patch = _new_patch_obj()
+  local patchDiffLength = 0  -- Keeping our own length var is faster.
+  local char_count1 = 0  -- Number of characters into the text1 string.
+  local char_count2 = 0  -- Number of characters into the text2 string.
+  -- Start with text1 (prepatch_text) and apply the diffs until we arrive at
+  -- text2 (postpatch_text).  We recreate the patches one by one to determine
+  -- context info.
+  local prepatch_text, postpatch_text = text1, text1
+  for x, diff in ipairs(diffs) do
+    local diff_type, diff_text = diff[1], diff[2]
+
+    if (patchDiffLength == 0) and (diff_type ~= DIFF_EQUAL) then
+      -- A new patch starts here.
+      patch.start1 = char_count1 + 1
+      patch.start2 = char_count2 + 1
+    end
+
+    if (diff_type == DIFF_INSERT) then
+      patchDiffLength = patchDiffLength + 1
+      patch.diffs[patchDiffLength] = diff
+      patch.length2 = patch.length2 + #diff_text
+      postpatch_text = strsub(postpatch_text, 1, char_count2)
+          .. diff_text .. strsub(postpatch_text, char_count2 + 1)
+    elseif (diff_type == DIFF_DELETE) then
+      patch.length1 = patch.length1 + #diff_text
+      patchDiffLength = patchDiffLength + 1
+      patch.diffs[patchDiffLength] = diff
+      postpatch_text = strsub(postpatch_text, 1, char_count2)
+          .. strsub(postpatch_text, char_count2 + #diff_text + 1)
+    elseif (diff_type == DIFF_EQUAL) then
+      if (#diff_text <= Patch_Margin * 2)
+          and (patchDiffLength ~= 0) and (#diffs ~= x) then
+        -- Small equality inside a patch.
+        patchDiffLength = patchDiffLength + 1
+        patch.diffs[patchDiffLength] = diff
+        patch.length1 = patch.length1 + #diff_text
+        patch.length2 = patch.length2 + #diff_text
+      elseif (#diff_text >= Patch_Margin * 2) then
+        -- Time for a new patch.
+        if (patchDiffLength ~= 0) then
+          _patch_addContext(patch, prepatch_text)
+          patches[#patches + 1] = patch
+          patch = _new_patch_obj()
+          patchDiffLength = 0
+          -- Unlike Unidiff, our patch lists have a rolling context.
+          -- http://code.google.com/p/google-diff-match-patch/wiki/Unidiff
+          -- Update prepatch text & pos to reflect the application of the
+          -- just completed patch.
+          prepatch_text = postpatch_text
+          char_count1 = char_count2
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    -- Update the current character count.
+    if (diff_type ~= DIFF_INSERT) then
+      char_count1 = char_count1 + #diff_text
+    end
+    if (diff_type ~= DIFF_DELETE) then
+      char_count2 = char_count2 + #diff_text
+    end
+  end
+
+  -- Pick up the leftover patch if not empty.
+  if (patchDiffLength > 0) then
+    _patch_addContext(patch, prepatch_text)
+    patches[#patches + 1] = patch
+  end
+
+  return patches
+end
+
+--[[
+* Merge a set of patches onto the text.  Return a patched text, as well
+* as a list of true/false values indicating which patches were applied.
+* @param {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} patches Array of patch objects.
+* @param {string} text Old text.
+* @return {Array.<string|Array.<boolean>>} Two return values, the
+*     new text and an array of boolean values.
+--]]
+function patch_apply(patches, text)
+  if patches[1] == nil then
+    return text, {}
+  end
+
+  -- Deep copy the patches so that no changes are made to originals.
+  patches = _patch_deepCopy(patches)
+
+  local nullPadding = _patch_addPadding(patches)
+  text = nullPadding .. text .. nullPadding
+
+  _patch_splitMax(patches)
+  -- delta keeps track of the offset between the expected and actual location
+  -- of the previous patch. If there are patches expected at positions 10 and
+  -- 20, but the first patch was found at 12, delta is 2 and the second patch
+  -- has an effective expected position of 22.
+  local delta = 0
+  local results = {}
+  for x, patch in ipairs(patches) do
+    local expected_loc = patch.start2 + delta
+    local text1 = _diff_text1(patch.diffs)
+    local start_loc
+    local end_loc = -1
+    if #text1 > Match_MaxBits then
+      -- _patch_splitMax will only provide an oversized pattern in
+      -- the case of a monster delete.
+      start_loc = match_main(text,
+          strsub(text1, 1, Match_MaxBits), expected_loc)
+      if start_loc ~= -1 then
+        end_loc = match_main(text, strsub(text1, -Match_MaxBits),
+            expected_loc + #text1 - Match_MaxBits)
+        if end_loc == -1 or start_loc >= end_loc then
+          -- Can't find valid trailing context.  Drop this patch.
+          start_loc = -1
+        end
+      end
+    else
+      start_loc = match_main(text, text1, expected_loc)
+    end
+    if start_loc == -1 then
+      -- No match found.  :(
+      results[x] = false
+      -- Subtract the delta for this failed patch from subsequent patches.
+      delta = delta - patch.length2 - patch.length1
+    else
+      -- Found a match.  :)
+      results[x] = true
+      delta = start_loc - expected_loc
+      local text2
+      if end_loc == -1 then
+        text2 = strsub(text, start_loc, start_loc + #text1 - 1)
+      else
+        text2 = strsub(text, start_loc, end_loc + Match_MaxBits - 1)
+      end
+      if text1 == text2 then
+        -- Perfect match, just shove the replacement text in.
+        text = strsub(text, 1, start_loc - 1) .. _diff_text2(patch.diffs)
+            .. strsub(text, start_loc + #text1)
+      else
+        -- Imperfect match.  Run a diff to get a framework of equivalent
+        -- indices.
+        local diffs = diff_main(text1, text2, false)
+        if (#text1 > Match_MaxBits)
+            and (diff_levenshtein(diffs) / #text1 > Patch_DeleteThreshold) then
+          -- The end points match, but the content is unacceptably bad.
+          results[x] = false
+        else
+          _diff_cleanupSemanticLossless(diffs)
+          local index1 = 1
+          local index2
+          for y, mod in ipairs(patch.diffs) do
+            if mod[1] ~= DIFF_EQUAL then
+              index2 = _diff_xIndex(diffs, index1)
+            end
+            if mod[1] == DIFF_INSERT then
+              text = strsub(text, 1, start_loc + index2 - 2)
+                  .. mod[2] .. strsub(text, start_loc + index2 - 1)
+            elseif mod[1] == DIFF_DELETE then
+              text = strsub(text, 1, start_loc + index2 - 2) .. strsub(text,
+                  start_loc + _diff_xIndex(diffs, index1 + #mod[2] - 1))
+            end
+            if mod[1] ~= DIFF_DELETE then
+              index1 = index1 + #mod[2]
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  -- Strip the padding off.
+  text = strsub(text, #nullPadding + 1, -#nullPadding - 1)
+  return text, results
+end
+
+--[[
+* Take a list of patches and return a textual representation.
+* @param {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} patches Array of patch objects.
+* @return {string} Text representation of patches.
+--]]
+function patch_toText(patches)
+  local text = {}
+  for x, patch in ipairs(patches) do
+    _patch_appendText(patch, text)
+  end
+  return tconcat(text)
+end
+
+--[[
+* Parse a textual representation of patches and return a list of patch objects.
+* @param {string} textline Text representation of patches.
+* @return {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} Array of patch objects.
+* @throws {Error} If invalid input.
+--]]
+function patch_fromText(textline)
+  local patches = {}
+  if (#textline == 0) then
+    return patches
+  end
+  local text = {}
+  for line in gmatch(textline, '([^\n]*)') do
+    text[#text + 1] = line
+  end
+  local textPointer = 1
+  while (textPointer <= #text) do
+    local start1, length1, start2, length2
+     = strmatch(text[textPointer], '^@@ %-(%d+),?(%d*) %+(%d+),?(%d*) @@$')
+    if (start1 == nil) then
+      error('Invalid patch string: "' .. text[textPointer] .. '"')
+    end
+    local patch = _new_patch_obj()
+    patches[#patches + 1] = patch
+
+    start1 = tonumber(start1)
+    length1 = tonumber(length1) or 1
+    if (length1 == 0) then
+      start1 = start1 + 1
+    end
+    patch.start1 = start1
+    patch.length1 = length1
+
+    start2 = tonumber(start2)
+    length2 = tonumber(length2) or 1
+    if (length2 == 0) then
+      start2 = start2 + 1
+    end
+    patch.start2 = start2
+    patch.length2 = length2
+
+    textPointer = textPointer + 1
+
+    while true do
+      local line = text[textPointer]
+      if (line == nil) then
+        break
+      end
+      local sign; sign, line = strsub(line, 1, 1), strsub(line, 2)
+
+      local invalidDecode = false
+      local decoded = gsub(line, '%%(.?.?)',
+          function(c)
+            local n = tonumber(c, 16)
+            if (#c ~= 2) or (n == nil) then
+              invalidDecode = true
+              return ''
+            end
+            return strchar(n)
+          end)
+      if invalidDecode then
+        -- Malformed URI sequence.
+        error('Illegal escape in patch_fromText: ' .. line)
+      end
+
+      line = decoded
+
+      if (sign == '-') then
+        -- Deletion.
+        patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {DIFF_DELETE, line}
+      elseif (sign == '+') then
+        -- Insertion.
+        patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {DIFF_INSERT, line}
+      elseif (sign == ' ') then
+        -- Minor equality.
+        patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, line}
+      elseif (sign == '@') then
+        -- Start of next patch.
+        break
+      elseif (sign == '') then
+        -- Blank line?  Whatever.
+      else
+        -- WTF?
+        error('Invalid patch mode "' .. sign .. '" in: ' .. line)
+      end
+      textPointer = textPointer + 1
+    end
+  end
+  return patches
+end
+
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- UNOFFICIAL/PRIVATE PATCH FUNCTIONS
+-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+local patch_meta = {
+  __tostring = function(patch)
+    local buf = {}
+    _patch_appendText(patch, buf)
+    return tconcat(buf)
+  end
+}
+
+--[[
+* Class representing one patch operation.
+* @constructor
+--]]
+function _new_patch_obj()
+  return setmetatable({
+    --[[ @type {Array.<Array.<number|string>>} ]]
+    diffs = {};
+    --[[ @type {?number} ]]
+    start1 = 1;  -- nil;
+    --[[ @type {?number} ]]
+    start2 = 1;  -- nil;
+    --[[ @type {number} ]]
+    length1 = 0;
+    --[[ @type {number} ]]
+    length2 = 0;
+  }, patch_meta)
+end
+
+--[[
+* Increase the context until it is unique,
+* but don't let the pattern expand beyond Match_MaxBits.
+* @param {_new_patch_obj} patch The patch to grow.
+* @param {string} text Source text.
+* @private
+--]]
+function _patch_addContext(patch, text)
+  if (#text == 0) then
+    return
+  end
+  local pattern = strsub(text, patch.start2, patch.start2 + patch.length1 - 1)
+  local padding = 0
+
+  -- LUANOTE: Lua's lack of a lastIndexOf function results in slightly
+  -- different logic here than in other language ports.
+  -- Look for the first two matches of pattern in text.  If two are found,
+  -- increase the pattern length.
+  local firstMatch = indexOf(text, pattern)
+  local secondMatch = nil
+  if (firstMatch ~= nil) then
+    secondMatch = indexOf(text, pattern, firstMatch + 1)
+  end
+  while (#pattern == 0 or secondMatch ~= nil)
+      and (#pattern < Match_MaxBits - Patch_Margin - Patch_Margin) do
+    padding = padding + Patch_Margin
+    pattern = strsub(text, max(1, patch.start2 - padding),
+    patch.start2 + patch.length1 - 1 + padding)
+    firstMatch = indexOf(text, pattern)
+    if (firstMatch ~= nil) then
+      secondMatch = indexOf(text, pattern, firstMatch + 1)
+    else
+      secondMatch = nil
+    end
+  end
+  -- Add one chunk for good luck.
+  padding = padding + Patch_Margin
+
+  -- Add the prefix.
+  local prefix = strsub(text, max(1, patch.start2 - padding), patch.start2 - 1)
+  if (#prefix > 0) then
+    tinsert(patch.diffs, 1, {DIFF_EQUAL, prefix})
+  end
+  -- Add the suffix.
+  local suffix = strsub(text, patch.start2 + patch.length1,
+  patch.start2 + patch.length1 - 1 + padding)
+  if (#suffix > 0) then
+    patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, suffix}
+  end
+
+  -- Roll back the start points.
+  patch.start1 = patch.start1 - #prefix
+  patch.start2 = patch.start2 - #prefix
+  -- Extend the lengths.
+  patch.length1 = patch.length1 + #prefix + #suffix
+  patch.length2 = patch.length2 + #prefix + #suffix
+end
+
+--[[
+* Given an array of patches, return another array that is identical.
+* @param {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} patches Array of patch objects.
+* @return {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} Array of patch objects.
+--]]
+function _patch_deepCopy(patches)
+  local patchesCopy = {}
+  for x, patch in ipairs(patches) do
+    local patchCopy = _new_patch_obj()
+    local diffsCopy = {}
+    for i, diff in ipairs(patch.diffs) do
+      diffsCopy[i] = {diff[1], diff[2]}
+    end
+    patchCopy.diffs = diffsCopy
+    patchCopy.start1 = patch.start1
+    patchCopy.start2 = patch.start2
+    patchCopy.length1 = patch.length1
+    patchCopy.length2 = patch.length2
+    patchesCopy[x] = patchCopy
+  end
+  return patchesCopy
+end
+
+--[[
+* Add some padding on text start and end so that edges can match something.
+* Intended to be called only from within patch_apply.
+* @param {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} patches Array of patch objects.
+* @return {string} The padding string added to each side.
+--]]
+function _patch_addPadding(patches)
+  local paddingLength = Patch_Margin
+  local nullPadding = ''
+  for x = 1, paddingLength do
+    nullPadding = nullPadding .. strchar(x)
+  end
+
+  -- Bump all the patches forward.
+  for x, patch in ipairs(patches) do
+    patch.start1 = patch.start1 + paddingLength
+    patch.start2 = patch.start2 + paddingLength
+  end
+
+  -- Add some padding on start of first diff.
+  local patch = patches[1]
+  local diffs = patch.diffs
+  local firstDiff = diffs[1]
+  if (firstDiff == nil) or (firstDiff[1] ~= DIFF_EQUAL) then
+    -- Add nullPadding equality.
+    tinsert(diffs, 1, {DIFF_EQUAL, nullPadding})
+    patch.start1 = patch.start1 - paddingLength  -- Should be 0.
+    patch.start2 = patch.start2 - paddingLength  -- Should be 0.
+    patch.length1 = patch.length1 + paddingLength
+    patch.length2 = patch.length2 + paddingLength
+  elseif (paddingLength > #firstDiff[2]) then
+    -- Grow first equality.
+    local extraLength = paddingLength - #firstDiff[2]
+    firstDiff[2] = strsub(nullPadding, #firstDiff[2] + 1) .. firstDiff[2]
+    patch.start1 = patch.start1 - extraLength
+    patch.start2 = patch.start2 - extraLength
+    patch.length1 = patch.length1 + extraLength
+    patch.length2 = patch.length2 + extraLength
+  end
+
+  -- Add some padding on end of last diff.
+  patch = patches[#patches]
+  diffs = patch.diffs
+  local lastDiff = diffs[#diffs]
+  if (lastDiff == nil) or (lastDiff[1] ~= DIFF_EQUAL) then
+    -- Add nullPadding equality.
+    diffs[#diffs + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, nullPadding}
+    patch.length1 = patch.length1 + paddingLength
+    patch.length2 = patch.length2 + paddingLength
+  elseif (paddingLength > #lastDiff[2]) then
+    -- Grow last equality.
+    local extraLength = paddingLength - #lastDiff[2]
+    lastDiff[2] = lastDiff[2] .. strsub(nullPadding, 1, extraLength)
+    patch.length1 = patch.length1 + extraLength
+    patch.length2 = patch.length2 + extraLength
+  end
+
+  return nullPadding
+end
+
+--[[
+* Look through the patches and break up any which are longer than the maximum
+* limit of the match algorithm.
+* Intended to be called only from within patch_apply.
+* @param {Array.<_new_patch_obj>} patches Array of patch objects.
+--]]
+function _patch_splitMax(patches)
+  local patch_size = Match_MaxBits
+  local x = 1
+  while true do
+    local patch = patches[x]
+    if patch == nil then
+      return
+    end
+    if patch.length1 > patch_size then
+      local bigpatch = patch
+      -- Remove the big old patch.
+      tremove(patches, x)
+      x = x - 1
+      local start1 = bigpatch.start1
+      local start2 = bigpatch.start2
+      local precontext = ''
+      while bigpatch.diffs[1] do
+        -- Create one of several smaller patches.
+        local patch = _new_patch_obj()
+        local empty = true
+        patch.start1 = start1 - #precontext
+        patch.start2 = start2 - #precontext
+        if precontext ~= '' then
+          patch.length1, patch.length2 = #precontext, #precontext
+          patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, precontext}
+        end
+        while bigpatch.diffs[1] and (patch.length1 < patch_size-Patch_Margin) do
+          local diff_type = bigpatch.diffs[1][1]
+          local diff_text = bigpatch.diffs[1][2]
+          if (diff_type == DIFF_INSERT) then
+            -- Insertions are harmless.
+            patch.length2 = patch.length2 + #diff_text
+            start2 = start2 + #diff_text
+            patch.diffs[#(patch.diffs) + 1] = bigpatch.diffs[1]
+            tremove(bigpatch.diffs, 1)
+            empty = false
+          elseif (diff_type == DIFF_DELETE) and (#patch.diffs == 1)
+           and (patch.diffs[1][1] == DIFF_EQUAL)
+           and (#diff_text > 2 * patch_size) then
+            -- This is a large deletion.  Let it pass in one chunk.
+            patch.length1 = patch.length1 + #diff_text
+            start1 = start1 + #diff_text
+            empty = false
+            patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {diff_type, diff_text}
+            tremove(bigpatch.diffs, 1)
+          else
+            -- Deletion or equality.
+            -- Only take as much as we can stomach.
+            diff_text = strsub(diff_text, 1,
+            patch_size - patch.length1 - Patch_Margin)
+            patch.length1 = patch.length1 + #diff_text
+            start1 = start1 + #diff_text
+            if (diff_type == DIFF_EQUAL) then
+              patch.length2 = patch.length2 + #diff_text
+              start2 = start2 + #diff_text
+            else
+              empty = false
+            end
+            patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {diff_type, diff_text}
+            if (diff_text == bigpatch.diffs[1][2]) then
+              tremove(bigpatch.diffs, 1)
+            else
+              bigpatch.diffs[1][2]
+                  = strsub(bigpatch.diffs[1][2], #diff_text + 1)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+        -- Compute the head context for the next patch.
+        precontext = _diff_text2(patch.diffs)
+        precontext = strsub(precontext, -Patch_Margin)
+        -- Append the end context for this patch.
+        local postcontext = strsub(_diff_text1(bigpatch.diffs), 1, Patch_Margin)
+        if postcontext ~= '' then
+          patch.length1 = patch.length1 + #postcontext
+          patch.length2 = patch.length2 + #postcontext
+          if patch.diffs[1]
+              and (patch.diffs[#patch.diffs][1] == DIFF_EQUAL) then
+            patch.diffs[#patch.diffs][2] = patch.diffs[#patch.diffs][2]
+                .. postcontext
+          else
+            patch.diffs[#patch.diffs + 1] = {DIFF_EQUAL, postcontext}
+          end
+        end
+        if not empty then
+          x = x + 1
+          tinsert(patches, x, patch)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    x = x + 1
+  end
+end
+
+--[[
+* Emulate GNU diff's format.
+* Header: @@ -382,8 +481,9 @@
+* @return {string} The GNU diff string.
+--]]
+function _patch_appendText(patch, text)
+  local coords1, coords2
+  local length1, length2 = patch.length1, patch.length2
+  local start1, start2 = patch.start1, patch.start2
+  local diffs = patch.diffs
+
+  if length1 == 1 then
+    coords1 = start1
+  else
+    coords1 = ((length1 == 0) and (start1 - 1) or start1) .. ',' .. length1
+  end
+
+  if length2 == 1 then
+    coords2 = start2
+  else
+    coords2 = ((length2 == 0) and (start2 - 1) or start2) .. ',' .. length2
+  end
+  text[#text + 1] = '@@ -' .. coords1 .. ' +' .. coords2 .. ' @@\n'
+
+  local op
+  -- Escape the body of the patch with %xx notation.
+  for x, diff in ipairs(patch.diffs) do
+    local diff_type = diff[1]
+    if diff_type == DIFF_INSERT then
+      op = '+'
+    elseif diff_type == DIFF_DELETE then
+      op = '-'
+    elseif diff_type == DIFF_EQUAL then
+      op = ' '
+    end
+    text[#text + 1] = op
+        .. gsub(diffs[x][2], percentEncode_pattern, percentEncode_replace)
+        .. '\n'
+  end
+
+  return text
+end
+
+local src = redis.call("get", KEYS[1])
+local dst1 = redis.call("get", KEYS[2])
+local dst2 = redis.call("get", KEYS[3])
+local patches = patch_make(src, dst2)
+local result = patch_apply(patches, dst1)
+
+if KEYS[4] then
+	redis.call("set", KEYS[4], result)
+end
+
+return result
+
+-- -- Expose the API
+-- _M.DIFF_DELETE = DIFF_DELETE
+-- _M.DIFF_INSERT = DIFF_INSERT
+-- _M.DIFF_EQUAL = DIFF_EQUAL
+--
+-- _M.diff_main = diff_main
+-- _M.diff_cleanupSemantic = diff_cleanupSemantic
+-- _M.diff_cleanupEfficiency = diff_cleanupEfficiency
+-- _M.diff_levenshtein = diff_levenshtein
+-- _M.diff_prettyHtml = diff_prettyHtml
+--
+-- _M.match_main = match_main
+--
+-- _M.patch_make = patch_make
+-- _M.patch_toText = patch_toText
+-- _M.patch_fromText = patch_fromText
+-- _M.patch_apply = patch_apply
+--
+-- -- Expose some non-API functions as well, for testing purposes etc.
+-- _M.diff_commonPrefix = _diff_commonPrefix
+-- _M.diff_commonSuffix = _diff_commonSuffix
+-- _M.diff_commonOverlap = _diff_commonOverlap
+-- _M.diff_halfMatch = _diff_halfMatch
+-- _M.diff_bisect = _diff_bisect
+-- _M.diff_cleanupMerge = _diff_cleanupMerge
+-- _M.diff_cleanupSemanticLossless = _diff_cleanupSemanticLossless
+-- _M.diff_text1 = _diff_text1
+-- _M.diff_text2 = _diff_text2
+-- _M.diff_toDelta = _diff_toDelta
+-- _M.diff_fromDelta = _diff_fromDelta
+-- _M.diff_xIndex = _diff_xIndex
+-- _M.match_alphabet = _match_alphabet
+-- _M.match_bitap = _match_bitap
+-- _M.new_patch_obj = _new_patch_obj
+-- _M.patch_addContext = _patch_addContext
+-- _M.patch_splitMax = _patch_splitMax
+-- _M.patch_addPadding = _patch_addPadding