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rearview 1.0.0.rc1-jruby → 1.0.0.rc2-jruby

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data/public/rearview/vendor/codemirror/doc/manual.html ADDED Viewed

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+<!doctype html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8"/>
+    <title>CodeMirror: User Manual</title>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Droid+Sans|Droid+Sans:bold"/>
+    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="docs.css"/>
+    <style>dl dl {margin: 0;}</style>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+<h1><span class="logo-braces">{ }</span> <a href="http://codemirror.net/">CodeMirror</a></h1>
+<div class="grey">
+<img src="baboon.png" class="logo" alt="logo"/>
+<pre>
+/* User manual and
+   reference guide */
+</pre>
+</div>
+<div class="clear"><div class="leftbig blk">
+    <h2 id="overview">Overview</h2>
+    <p>CodeMirror is a code-editor component that can be embedded in
+    Web pages. The code library provides <em>only</em> the editor
+    component, no accompanying buttons, auto-completion, or other IDE
+    functionality. It does provide a rich API on top of which such
+    functionality can be straightforwardly implemented. See
+    the <a href="#addons">add-ons</a> included in the distribution,
+    and
+    the <a href="https://github.com/jagthedrummer/codemirror-ui">CodeMirror
+    UI</a> project, for reusable implementations of extra features.</p>
+    <p>CodeMirror works with language-specific modes. Modes are
+    JavaScript programs that help color (and optionally indent) text
+    written in a given language. The distribution comes with a number
+    of modes (see the <code>mode/</code> directory), and it isn't hard
+    to <a href="#modeapi">write new ones</a> for other languages.</p>
+    <h2 id="usage">Basic Usage</h2>
+    <p>The easiest way to use CodeMirror is to simply load the script
+    and style sheet found under <code>lib/</code> in the distribution,
+    plus a mode script from one of the <code>mode/</code> directories
+    and a theme stylesheet from <code>theme/</code>. (See
+    also <a href="compress.html">the compression helper</a>.) For
+    example:</p>
+    <pre>&lt;script src="lib/codemirror.js">&lt;/script>
+&lt;link rel="stylesheet" href="../lib/codemirror.css">
+&lt;script src="mode/javascript/javascript.js">&lt;/script></pre>
+    <p>Having done this, an editor instance can be created like
+    this:</p>
+    <pre>var myCodeMirror = CodeMirror(document.body);</pre>
+    <p>The editor will be appended to the document body, will start
+    empty, and will use the mode that we loaded. To have more control
+    over the new editor, a configuration object can be passed
+    to <code>CodeMirror</code> as a second argument:</p>
+    <pre>var myCodeMirror = CodeMirror(document.body, {
+  value: "function myScript(){return 100;}\n",
+  mode:  "javascript"
+});</pre>
+    <p>This will initialize the editor with a piece of code already in
+    it, and explicitly tell it to use the JavaScript mode (which is
+    useful when multiple modes are loaded).
+    See <a href="#config">below</a> for a full discussion of the
+    configuration options that CodeMirror accepts.</p>
+    <p>In cases where you don't want to append the editor to an
+    element, and need more control over the way it is inserted, the
+    first argument to the <code>CodeMirror</code> function can also
+    be a function that, when given a DOM element, inserts it into the
+    document somewhere. This could be used to, for example, replace a
+    textarea with a real editor:</p>
+    <pre>var myCodeMirror = CodeMirror(function(elt) {
+  myTextArea.parentNode.replaceChild(elt, myTextArea);
+}, {value: myTextArea.value});</pre>
+    <p>However, for this use case, which is a common way to use
+    CodeMirror, the library provides a much more powerful
+    shortcut:</p>
+    <pre>var myCodeMirror = CodeMirror.fromTextArea(myTextArea);</pre>
+    <p>This will, among other things, ensure that the textarea's value
+    is updated when the form (if it is part of a form) is submitted.
+    See the <a href="#fromTextArea">API reference</a> for a full
+    description of this method.</p>
+    <h2 id="config">Configuration</h2>
+    <p>Both the <code>CodeMirror</code> function and
+    its <code>fromTextArea</code> method take as second (optional)
+    argument an object containing configuration options. Any option
+    not supplied like this will be taken
+    from <code>CodeMirror.defaults</code>, an object containing the
+    default options. You can update this object to change the defaults
+    on your page.</p>
+    <p>Options are not checked in any way, so setting bogus option
+    values is bound to lead to odd errors.</p>
+    <p>These are the supported options:</p>
+    <dl>
+      <dt id="option_value"><code>value (string)</code></dt>
+      <dd>The starting value of the editor.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_mode"><code>mode (string or object)</code></dt>
+      <dd>The mode to use. When not given, this will default to the
+      first mode that was loaded. It may be a string, which either
+      simply names the mode or is
+      a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME">MIME</a> type
+      associated with the mode. Alternatively, it may be an object
+      containing configuration options for the mode, with
+      a <code>name</code> property that names the mode (for
+      example <code>{name: "javascript", json: true}</code>). The demo
+      pages for each mode contain information about what configuration
+      parameters the mode supports. You can ask CodeMirror which modes
+      and MIME types are loaded with
+      the <code>CodeMirror.listModes</code>
+      and <code>CodeMirror.listMIMEs</code> functions.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_theme"><code>theme (string)</code></dt>
+      <dd>The theme to style the editor with. You must make sure the
+      CSS file defining the corresponding <code>.cm-s-[name]</code>
+      styles is loaded (see
+      the <a href="../theme/"><code>theme</code></a> directory in the
+      distribution). The default is <code>"default"</code>, for which
+      colors are included in <code>codemirror.css</code>. It is
+      possible to use multiple theming classes at once—for
+      example <code>"foo bar"</code> will assign both
+      the <code>cm-s-foo</code> and the <code>cm-s-bar</code> classes
+      to the editor.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_indentUnit"><code>indentUnit (integer)</code></dt>
+      <dd>How many spaces a block (whatever that means in the edited
+      language) should be indented. The default is 2.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_smartIndent"><code>smartIndent (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Whether to use the context-sensitive indentation that the
+      mode provides (or just indent the same as the line before).
+      Defaults to true.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_tabSize"><code>tabSize (integer)</code></dt>
+      <dd>The width of a tab character. Defaults to 4.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_indentWithTabs"><code>indentWithTabs (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Whether, when indenting, the first N*<code>tabSize</code>
+      spaces should be replaced by N tabs. Default is false.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_electricChars"><code>electricChars (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Configures whether the editor should re-indent the current
+      line when a character is typed that might change its proper
+      indentation (only works if the mode supports indentation).
+      Default is true.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_autoClearEmptyLines"><code>autoClearEmptyLines (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>When turned on (default is off), this will
+      automatically clear lines consisting only of whitespace when the
+      cursor leaves them. This is mostly useful to prevent auto
+      indentation from introducing trailing whitespace in a file.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_keyMap"><code>keyMap (string)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Configures the keymap to use. The default
+      is <code>"default"</code>, which is the only keymap defined
+      in <code>codemirror.js</code> itself. Extra keymaps are found in
+      the <a href="../keymap/"><code>keymap</code></a> directory. See
+      the <a href="#keymaps">section on keymaps</a> for more
+      information.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_extraKeys"><code>extraKeys (object)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Can be used to specify extra keybindings for the editor,
+      alongside the ones defined
+      by <a href="#option_keyMap"><code>keyMap</code></a>. Should be
+      either null, or a valid <a href="#keymaps">keymap</a> value.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_lineWrapping"><code>lineWrapping (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Whether CodeMirror should scroll or wrap for long lines.
+      Defaults to <code>false</code> (scroll).</dd>
+      <dt id="option_lineNumbers"><code>lineNumbers (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Whether to show line numbers to the left of the editor.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_firstLineNumber"><code>firstLineNumber (integer)</code></dt>
+      <dd>At which number to start counting lines. Default is 1.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_lineNumberFormatter"><code>lineNumberFormatter (function(integer))</code></dt>
+      <dd>A function used to format line numbers. The function is passed the current line number. Default prints the line number verbatim.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_gutter"><code>gutter (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Can be used to force a 'gutter' (empty space on the left of
+      the editor) to be shown even when no line numbers are active.
+      This is useful for setting <a href="#setMarker">markers</a>.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_fixedGutter"><code>fixedGutter (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>When enabled (off by default), this will make the gutter
+      stay visible when the document is scrolled horizontally.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_readOnly"><code>readOnly (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>This disables editing of the editor content by the user. If
+      the special value <code>"nocursor"</code> is given (instead of
+      simply <code>true</code>), focusing of the editor is also
+      disallowed.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onChange"><code>onChange (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>When given, this function will be called every time the
+      content of the editor is changed. It will be given the editor
+      instance as first argument, and an <code>{from, to, text, next}</code>
+      object containing information about the changes
+      that occurred as second argument. <code>from</code>
+      and <code>to</code> are the positions (in the pre-change
+      coordinate system) where the change started and
+      ended (for example, it might be <code>{ch:0, line:18}</code> if the
+      position is at the beginning of line #19). <code>text</code>
+      is an array of strings representing the text that replaced the changed
+      range (split by line). If multiple changes happened during a single
+      operation, the object will have a <code>next</code> property pointing to
+      another change object (which may point to another, etc).</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onCursorActivity"><code>onCursorActivity (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Will be called when the cursor or selection moves, or any
+      change is made to the editor content.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onViewportChange"><code>onViewportChange (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>When given, will be called whenever
+      the <a href="#getViewport">view port</a> of the editor changes
+      (due to scrolling, editing, or any other factor). It will be
+      passed three arguments, the editor instance, the start of the
+      viewport, and its end.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onGutterClick"><code>onGutterClick (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>When given, will be called whenever the editor gutter (the
+      line-number area) is clicked. Will be given the editor instance
+      as first argument, the (zero-based) number of the line that was
+      clicked as second argument, and the raw <code>mousedown</code>
+      event object as third argument.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onFocus"><code>onFocus, onBlur (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>The given functions will be called whenever the editor is
+      focused or unfocused.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onScroll"><code>onScroll (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>When given, will be called whenever the editor is
+      scrolled.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onUpdate"><code>onUpdate (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Will be called whenever CodeMirror updates its DOM display.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_matchBrackets"><code>matchBrackets (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Determines whether brackets are matched whenever the cursor
+      is moved next to a bracket.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_cursorBlinkRate"><code>cursorBlinkRate (number)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Half-period in milliseconds used for cursor blinking. The default blink
+      rate is 530ms.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_workTime"><code>workTime, workDelay (number)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Highlighting is done by a pseudo background-thread that will
+      work for <code>workTime</code> milliseconds, and then use
+      timeout to sleep for <code>workDelay</code> milliseconds. The
+      defaults are 200 and 300, you can change these options to make
+      the highlighting more or less aggressive.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_pollInterval"><code>pollInterval (number)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Indicates how quickly CodeMirror should poll its input
+      textarea for changes. Most input is captured by events, but some
+      things, like IME input on some browsers, doesn't generate events
+      that allow CodeMirror to properly detect it. Thus, it polls.
+      Default is 100 milliseconds.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_undoDepth"><code>undoDepth (integer)</code></dt>
+      <dd>The maximum number of undo levels that the editor stores.
+      Defaults to 40.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_tabindex"><code>tabindex (integer)</code></dt>
+      <dd>The <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/html401/interact/forms.html#adef-tabindex">tab
+      index</a> to assign to the editor. If not given, no tab index
+      will be assigned.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_autofocus"><code>autofocus (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Can be used to make CodeMirror focus itself on
+      initialization. Defaults to off.
+      When <a href="#fromTextArea"><code>fromTextArea</code></a> is
+      used, and no explicit value is given for this option, it will be
+      set to true when either the source textarea is focused, or it
+      has an <code>autofocus</code> attribute and no other element is
+      focused.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_dragDrop"><code>dragDrop (boolean)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Controls whether drag-and-drop is enabled. On by default.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onDragEvent"><code>onDragEvent (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>When given, this will be called when the editor is handling
+      a <code>dragenter</code>, <code>dragover</code>,
+      or <code>drop</code> event. It will be passed the editor instance
+      and the event object as arguments. The callback can choose to
+      handle the event itself, in which case it should
+      return <code>true</code> to indicate that CodeMirror should not
+      do anything further.</dd>
+      <dt id="option_onKeyEvent"><code>onKeyEvent (function)</code></dt>
+      <dd>This provides a rather low-level hook into CodeMirror's key
+      handling. If provided, this function will be called on
+      every <code>keydown</code>, <code>keyup</code>,
+      and <code>keypress</code> event that CodeMirror captures. It
+      will be passed two arguments, the editor instance and the key
+      event. This key event is pretty much the raw key event, except
+      that a <code>stop()</code> method is always added to it. You
+      could feed it to, for example, <code>jQuery.Event</code> to
+      further normalize it.<br>This function can inspect the key
+      event, and handle it if it wants to. It may return true to tell
+      CodeMirror to ignore the event. Be wary that, on some browsers,
+      stopping a <code>keydown</code> does not stop
+      the <code>keypress</code> from firing, whereas on others it
+      does. If you respond to an event, you should probably inspect
+      its <code>type</code> property and only do something when it
+      is <code>keydown</code> (or <code>keypress</code> for actions
+      that need character data).</dd>
+    </dl>
+    <h2 id="keymaps">Keymaps</h2>
+    <p>Keymaps are ways to associate keys with functionality. A keymap
+    is an object mapping strings that identify the keys to functions
+    that implement their functionality.</p>
+    <p>Keys are identified either by name or by character.
+    The <code>CodeMirror.keyNames</code> object defines names for
+    common keys and associates them with their key codes. Examples of
+    names defined here are <code>Enter</code>, <code>F5</code>,
+    and <code>Q</code>. These can be prefixed
+    with <code>Shift-</code>, <code>Cmd-</code>, <code>Ctrl-</code>,
+    and <code>Alt-</code> (in that order!) to specify a modifier. So
+    for example, <code>Shift-Ctrl-Space</code> would be a valid key
+    identifier.</p>
+    <p>Alternatively, a character can be specified directly by
+    surrounding it in single quotes, for example <code>'$'</code>
+    or <code>'q'</code>. Due to limitations in the way browsers fire
+    key events, these may not be prefixed with modifiers.</p>
+    <p>The <code>CodeMirror.keyMap</code> object associates keymaps
+    with names. User code and keymap definitions can assign extra
+    properties to this object. Anywhere where a keymap is expected, a
+    string can be given, which will be looked up in this object. It
+    also contains the <code>"default"</code> keymap holding the
+    default bindings.</p>
+    <p>The values of properties in keymaps can be either functions of
+    a single argument (the CodeMirror instance), strings, or
+    <code>false</code>. Such strings refer to properties of the
+    <code>CodeMirror.commands</code> object, which defines a number of
+    common commands that are used by the default keybindings, and maps
+    them to functions. If the property is set to <code>false</code>,
+    CodeMirror leaves handling of the key up to the browser. A key
+    handler function may throw <code>CodeMirror.Pass</code> to indicate
+    that it has decided not to handle the key, and other handlers (or
+    the default behavior) should be given a turn.</p>
+    <p>Keys mapped to command names that start with the
+    characters <code>"go"</code> (which should be used for
+    cursor-movement actions) will be fired even when an
+    extra <code>Shift</code> modifier is present (i.e. <code>"Up":
+    "goLineUp"</code> matches both up and shift-up). This is used to
+    easily implement shift-selection.</p>
+    <p>Keymaps can defer to each other by defining
+    a <code>fallthrough</code> property. This indicates that when a
+    key is not found in the map itself, one or more other maps should
+    be searched. It can hold either a single keymap or an array of
+    keymaps.</p>
+    <p>When a keymap contains a <code>nofallthrough</code> property
+    set to <code>true</code>, keys matched against that map will be
+    ignored if they don't match any of the bindings in the map (no
+    further child maps will be tried, and the default effect of
+    inserting a character will not occur).</p>
+    <h2 id="styling">Customized Styling</h2>
+    <p>Up to a certain extent, CodeMirror's look can be changed by
+    modifying style sheet files. The style sheets supplied by modes
+    simply provide the colors for that mode, and can be adapted in a
+    very straightforward way. To style the editor itself, it is
+    possible to alter or override the styles defined
+    in <a href="../lib/codemirror.css"><code>codemirror.css</code></a>.</p>
+    <p>Some care must be taken there, since a lot of the rules in this
+    file are necessary to have CodeMirror function properly. Adjusting
+    colors should be safe, of course, and with some care a lot of
+    other things can be changed as well. The CSS classes defined in
+    this file serve the following roles:</p>
+    <dl>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror"><code>CodeMirror</code></dt>
+      <dd>The outer element of the editor. This should be used for the
+      editor width, borders and positioning. Can also be used to set
+      styles that should hold for everything inside the editor (such
+      as font and font size), or to set a background.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_scroll"><code>CodeMirror-scroll</code></dt>
+      <dd>This determines the editor's height, and whether the editor
+      scrolls (<code>overflow: auto</code> + fixed height). By
+      default, it does. Giving this <code>height: auto; overflow:
+      visible;</code> will cause the editor to resize to fit its
+      content.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_focused"><code>CodeMirror-focused</code></dt>
+      <dd>Whenever the editor is focused, the top element gets this
+      class. This is used to hide the cursor and give the selection a
+      different color when the editor is not focused.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_gutter"><code>CodeMirror-gutter</code></dt>
+      <dd>Use this for giving a background or a border to the editor
+      gutter. Don't set any padding here,
+      use <code>CodeMirror-gutter-text</code> for that. By default,
+      the gutter is 'fluid', meaning it will adjust its width to the
+      maximum line number or line marker width. You can also set a
+      fixed width if you want.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_gutter_text"><code>CodeMirror-gutter-text</code></dt>
+      <dd>Used to style the actual line numbers. For the numbers to
+      line up, you must make sure that the font in the gutter is the
+      same as the one in the rest of the editor, so you should
+      probably only set font style and size in
+      the <code>CodeMirror</code> class.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_lines"><code>CodeMirror-lines</code></dt>
+      <dd>The visible lines. If this has vertical
+      padding, <code>CodeMirror-gutter</code> should have the same
+      padding.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_cursor"><code>CodeMirror-cursor</code></dt>
+      <dd>The cursor is a block element that is absolutely positioned.
+      You can make it look whichever way you want.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_selected"><code>CodeMirror-selected</code></dt>
+      <dd>The selection is represented by <code>span</code> elements
+      with this class.</dd>
+      <dt id="class_CodeMirror_matchingbracket"><code>CodeMirror-matchingbracket</code>,
+        <code>CodeMirror-nonmatchingbracket</code></dt>
+      <dd>These are used to style matched (or unmatched) brackets.</dd>
+    </dl>
+    <p id="css-resize">So note carefully that, in order to resize the
+    editor, you should set a <code>width</code> on
+    the <a href="#getWrapperElement">wrapper</a>
+    (class <code>CodeMirror</code>) element, and a height on
+    the <a href="#getScrollerElement">scroller</a>
+    (class <code>CodeMirror-scroll</code>) element.</p>
+    <p>The actual lines, as well as the cursor, are represented
+    by <code>pre</code> elements. By default no text styling (such as
+    bold) that might change line height is applied. If you do want
+    such effects, you'll have to give <code>CodeMirror pre</code> a
+    fixed height.</p>
+    <p>If your page's style sheets do funky things to
+    all <code>div</code> or <code>pre</code> elements (you probably
+    shouldn't do that), you'll have to define rules to cancel these
+    effects out again for elements under the <code>CodeMirror</code>
+    class.</p>
+    <p>Themes are also simply CSS files, which define colors for
+    various syntactic elements. See the files in
+    the <a href="../theme/"><code>theme</code></a> directory.</p>
+    <h2 id="api">Programming API</h2>
+    <p>A lot of CodeMirror features are only available through its API.
+    This has the disadvantage that you need to do work to enable them,
+    and the advantage that CodeMirror will fit seamlessly into your
+    application.</p>
+    <p>Whenever points in the document are represented, the API uses
+    objects with <code>line</code> and <code>ch</code> properties.
+    Both are zero-based. CodeMirror makes sure to 'clip' any positions
+    passed by client code so that they fit inside the document, so you
+    shouldn't worry too much about sanitizing your coordinates. If you
+    give <code>ch</code> a value of <code>null</code>, or don't
+    specify it, it will be replaced with the length of the specified
+    line.</p>
+    <dl>
+      <dt id="getValue"><code>getValue() → string</code></dt>
+      <dd>Get the current editor content. You can pass it an optional
+      argument to specify the string to be used to separate lines
+      (defaults to <code>"\n"</code>).</dd>
+      <dt id="setValue"><code>setValue(string)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Set the editor content.</dd>
+      <dt id="getSelection"><code>getSelection() → string</code></dt>
+      <dd>Get the currently selected code.</dd>
+      <dt id="replaceSelection"><code>replaceSelection(string)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Replace the selection with the given string.</dd>
+      <dt id="setSize"><code>setSize(width, height)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Programatically set the size of the editor (overriding the
+      applicable <a href="#css-resize">CSS
+      rules</a>). <code>width</code> and <code>height</code> height
+      can be either numbers (interpreted as pixels) or CSS units
+      (<code>"100%"</code>, for example). You can
+      pass <code>null</code> for either of them to indicate that that
+      dimension should not be changed.</dd>
+      <dt id="focus"><code>focus()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Give the editor focus.</dd>
+      <dt id="scrollTo"><code>scrollTo(x, y)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Scroll the editor to a given (pixel) position. Both
+      arguments may be left as <code>null</code>
+      or <code>undefined</code> to have no effect.</dd>
+      <dt id="getScrollInfo"><code>getScrollInfo()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Get an <code>{x, y, width, height}</code> object that
+      represents the current scroll position and scrollable area size
+      of the editor.</dd>
+      <dt id="setOption"><code>setOption(option, value)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Change the configuration of the editor. <code>option</code>
+      should the name of an <a href="#config">option</a>,
+      and <code>value</code> should be a valid value for that
+      option.</dd>
+      <dt id="getOption"><code>getOption(option) → value</code></dt>
+      <dd>Retrieves the current value of the given option for this
+      editor instance.</dd>
+      <dt id="getMode"><code>getMode() → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Gets the mode object for the editor. Note that this is
+      distinct from <code>getOption("mode")</code>, which gives you
+      the mode specification, rather than the resolved, instantiated
+      <a href="#defineMode">mode object</a>.</dd>
+      <dt id="cursorCoords"><code>cursorCoords(start, mode) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns an <code>{x, y, yBot}</code> object containing the
+      coordinates of the cursor. If <code>mode</code>
+      is <code>"local"</code>, they will be relative to the top-left
+      corner of the editable document. If it is <code>"page"</code> or
+      not given, they are relative to the top-left corner of the
+      page. <code>yBot</code> is the coordinate of the bottom of the
+      cursor. <code>start</code> is a boolean indicating whether you
+      want the start or the end of the selection.</dd>
+      <dt id="charCoords"><code>charCoords(pos, mode) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Like <code>cursorCoords</code>, but returns the position of
+      an arbitrary characters. <code>pos</code> should be
+      a <code>{line, ch}</code> object.</dd>
+      <dt id="coordsChar"><code>coordsChar(object) → pos</code></dt>
+      <dd>Given an <code>{x, y}</code> object (in page coordinates),
+      returns the <code>{line, ch}</code> position that corresponds to
+      it.</dd>
+      <dt id="undo"><code>undo()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Undo one edit (if any undo events are stored).</dd>
+      <dt id="redo"><code>redo()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Redo one undone edit.</dd>
+      <dt id="historySize"><code>historySize() → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns an object with <code>{undo, redo}</code> properties,
+      both of which hold integers, indicating the amount of stored
+      undo and redo operations.</dd>
+      <dt id="clearHistory"><code>clearHistory()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Clears the editor's undo history.</dd>
+      <dt id="getHistory"><code>getHistory() → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Get a (JSON-serializeable) representation of the undo history.</dd>
+      <dt id="setHistory"><code>setHistory(object)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Replace the editor's undo history with the one provided,
+      which must be a value as returned
+      by <a href="#getHistory"><code>getHistory</code></a>. Note that
+      this will have entirely undefined results if the editor content
+      isn't also the same as it was when <code>getHistory</code> was
+      called.</dd>
+      <dt id="indentLine"><code>indentLine(line, dir)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Reset the given line's indentation to the indentation
+      prescribed by the mode. If the second argument is given,
+      indentation will be increased (if <code>dir</code> is true) or
+      decreased (if false) by an <a href="#option_indentUnit">indent
+      unit</a> instead.</dd>
+      <dt id="getTokenAt"><code>getTokenAt(pos) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Retrieves information about the token the current mode found
+      before the given position (a <code>{line, ch}</code> object). The
+      returned object has the following properties:
+      <dl>
+        <dt><code>start</code></dt><dd>The character (on the given line) at which the token starts.</dd>
+        <dt><code>end</code></dt><dd>The character at which the token ends.</dd>
+        <dt><code>string</code></dt><dd>The token's string.</dd>
+        <dt><code>className</code></dt><dd>The class the mode assigned
+        to the token. (Can be null when no class was assigned.)</dd>
+        <dt><code>state</code></dt><dd>The mode's state at the end of this token.</dd>
+      </dl></dd>
+      <dt id="markText"><code>markText(from, to, className, options) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Can be used to mark a range of text with a specific CSS
+      class name. <code>from</code> and <code>to</code> should
+      be <code>{line, ch}</code> objects. The <code>options</code>
+      parameter is optional. When given, it should be an object that
+      may contain the following configuration options:
+      <dl>
+        <dt><code>inclusiveLeft</code></dt><dd>Determines whether
+        text inserted on the left of the marker will end up inside
+        or outside of it.</dd>
+        <dt><code>inclusiveRight</code></dt><dd>Like <code>inclusiveLeft</code>,
+        but for the right side.</dd>
+        <dt><code>startStyle</code></dt><dd>Can be used to specify
+        an extra CSS class to be applied to the leftmost span that
+        is part of the marker.</dd>
+        <dt><code>endStyle</code></dt><dd>Equivalent
+        to <code>startStyle</code>, but for the rightmost span.</dd>
+      </dl>
+      The method will return an object with two methods,
+      <code>clear()</code>, which removes the mark,
+      and <code>find()</code>, which returns a <code>{from, to}</code>
+      (both document positions), indicating the current position of
+      the marked range, or <code>undefined</code> if the marker is no
+      longer in the document.</dd>
+      <dt id="setBookmark"><code>setBookmark(pos) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Inserts a bookmark, a handle that follows the text around it
+      as it is being edited, at the given position. A bookmark has two
+      methods <code>find()</code> and <code>clear()</code>. The first
+      returns the current position of the bookmark, if it is still in
+      the document, and the second explicitly removes the
+      bookmark.</dd>
+      <dt id="findMarksAt"><code>findMarksAt(pos) → array</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns an array of all the bookmarks and marked ranges
+      present at the given position.</dd>
+      <dt id="setMarker"><code>setMarker(line, text, className) → lineHandle</code></dt>
+      <dd>Add a gutter marker for the given line. Gutter markers are
+      shown in the line-number area (instead of the number for this
+      line). Both <code>text</code> and <code>className</code> are
+      optional. Setting <code>text</code> to a Unicode character like
+      ● tends to give a nice effect. To put a picture in the gutter,
+      set <code>text</code> to a space and <code>className</code> to
+      something that sets a background image. If you
+      specify <code>text</code>, the given text (which may contain
+      HTML) will, by default, replace the line number for that line.
+      If this is not what you want, you can include the
+      string <code>%N%</code> in the text, which will be replaced by
+      the line number.</dd>
+      <dt id="clearMarker"><code>clearMarker(line)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Clears a marker created
+      with <code>setMarker</code>. <code>line</code> can be either a
+      number or a handle returned by <code>setMarker</code> (since a
+      number may now refer to a different line if something was added
+      or deleted).</dd>
+      <dt id="setLineClass"><code>setLineClass(line, className, backgroundClassName) → lineHandle</code></dt>
+      <dd>Set a CSS class name for the given line. <code>line</code>
+      can be a number or a line handle (as returned
+      by <code>setMarker</code> or this
+      function). <code>className</code> will be used to style the text
+      for the line, and <code>backgroundClassName</code> to style its
+      background (which lies behind the selection).
+      Pass <code>null</code> to clear the classes for a line.</dd>
+      <dt id="hideLine"><code>hideLine(line) → lineHandle</code></dt>
+      <dd>Hide the given line (either by number or by handle). Hidden
+      lines don't show up in the editor, and their numbers are skipped
+      when <a href="#option_lineNumbers">line numbers</a> are enabled.
+      Deleting a region around them does delete them, and coping a
+      region around will include them in the copied text.</dd>
+      <dt id="showLine"><code>showLine(line) → lineHandle</code></dt>
+      <dd>The inverse of <code>hideLine</code>—re-shows a previously
+      hidden line, by number or by handle.</dd>
+      <dt id="onDeleteLine"><code>onDeleteLine(line, func)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Register a function that should be called when the line is
+      deleted from the document.</dd>
+      <dt id="lineInfo"><code>lineInfo(line) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the line number, text content, and marker status of
+      the given line, which can be either a number or a handle
+      returned by <code>setMarker</code>. The returned object has the
+      structure <code>{line, handle, text, markerText, markerClass,
+      lineClass, bgClass}</code>.</dd>
+      <dt id="getLineHandle"><code>getLineHandle(num) → lineHandle</code></dt>
+      <dd>Fetches the line handle for the given line number.</dd>
+      <dt id="getViewport"><code>getViewport() → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns a <code>{from, to}</code> object indicating the
+      start (inclusive) and end (exclusive) of the currently displayed
+      part of the document. In big documents, when most content is
+      scrolled out of view, CodeMirror will only render the visible
+      part, and a margin around it. See also
+      the <a href="#option_onViewportChange"><code>onViewportChange</code></a>
+      option.</dd>
+      <dt id="addWidget"><code>addWidget(pos, node, scrollIntoView)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Puts <code>node</code>, which should be an absolutely
+      positioned DOM node, into the editor, positioned right below the
+      given <code>{line, ch}</code> position.
+      When <code>scrollIntoView</code> is true, the editor will ensure
+      that the entire node is visible (if possible). To remove the
+      widget again, simply use DOM methods (move it somewhere else, or
+      call <code>removeChild</code> on its parent).</dd>
+      <dt id="matchBrackets"><code>matchBrackets()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Force matching-bracket-highlighting to happen.</dd>
+      <dt id="lineCount"><code>lineCount() → number</code></dt>
+      <dd>Get the number of lines in the editor.</dd>
+      <dt id="getCursor"><code>getCursor(start) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd><code>start</code> is a boolean indicating whether the start
+      or the end of the selection must be retrieved. If it is not
+      given, the current cursor pos, i.e. the side of the selection
+      that would move if you pressed an arrow key, is chosen.
+      A <code>{line, ch}</code> object will be returned.</dd>
+      <dt id="somethingSelected"><code>somethingSelected() → boolean</code></dt>
+      <dd>Return true if any text is selected.</dd>
+      <dt id="setCursor"><code>setCursor(pos)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Set the cursor position. You can either pass a
+      single <code>{line, ch}</code> object, or the line and the
+      character as two separate parameters.</dd>
+      <dt id="setSelection"><code>setSelection(start, end)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Set the selection range. <code>start</code>
+      and <code>end</code> should be <code>{line, ch}</code> objects.</dd>
+      <dt id="getLine"><code>getLine(n) → string</code></dt>
+      <dd>Get the content of line <code>n</code>.</dd>
+      <dt id="setLine"><code>setLine(n, text)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Set the content of line <code>n</code>.</dd>
+      <dt id="removeLine"><code>removeLine(n)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Remove the given line from the document.</dd>
+      <dt id="getRange"><code>getRange(from, to) → string</code></td>
+      <dd>Get the text between the given points in the editor, which
+      should be <code>{line, ch}</code> objects. An optional third
+      argument can be given to indicate the line separator string to
+      use (defaults to <code>"\n"</code>).</dd>
+      <dt id="replaceRange"><code>replaceRange(string, from, to)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Replace the part of the document between <code>from</code>
+      and <code>to</code> with the given string. <code>from</code>
+      and <code>to</code> must be <code>{line, ch}</code>
+      objects. <code>to</code> can be left off to simply insert the
+      string at position <code>from</code>.</dd>
+      <dt id="posFromIndex"><code>posFromIndex(index) → object</code></dt>
+      <dd>Calculates and returns a <code>{line, ch}</code> object for a
+      zero-based <code>index</code> who's value is relative to the start of the
+      editor's text. If the <code>index</code> is out of range of the text then
+      the returned object is clipped to start or end of the text
+      respectively.</dd>
+      <dt id="indexFromPos"><code>indexFromPos(object) → number</code></dt>
+      <dd>The reverse of <a href="#posFromIndex"><code>posFromIndex</code></a>.</dd>
+    </dl>
+    <p>The following are more low-level methods:</p>
+    <dl>
+      <dt id="operation"><code>operation(func) → result</code></dt>
+      <dd>CodeMirror internally buffers changes and only updates its
+      DOM structure after it has finished performing some operation.
+      If you need to perform a lot of operations on a CodeMirror
+      instance, you can call this method with a function argument. It
+      will call the function, buffering up all changes, and only doing
+      the expensive update after the function returns. This can be a
+      lot faster. The return value from this method will be the return
+      value of your function.</dd>
+      <dt id="compoundChange"><code>compoundChange(func) → result</code></dt>
+      <dd>Will call the given function (and return its result),
+      combining all changes made while that function executes into a
+      single undo event.</dd>
+      <dt id="refresh"><code>refresh()</code></dt>
+      <dd>If your code does something to change the size of the editor
+      element (window resizes are already listened for), or unhides
+      it, you should probably follow up by calling this method to
+      ensure CodeMirror is still looking as intended.</dd>
+      <dt id="getInputField"><code>getInputField() → textarea</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the hidden textarea used to read input.</dd>
+      <dt id="getWrapperElement"><code>getWrapperElement() → node</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the DOM node that represents the editor, and
+      controls its width. Remove this from your tree to delete an
+      editor instance. Set it's <code>width</code> style when
+      resizing.</dd>
+      <dt id="getScrollerElement"><code>getScrollerElement() → node</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the DOM node that is responsible for the vertical
+      sizing and horizontal scrolling of the editor. You can change
+      the <code>height</code> style of this element to resize an
+      editor. (You might have to call
+      the <a href="#refresh"><code>refresh</code></a> method
+      afterwards.)</dd>
+      <dt id="getGutterElement"><code>getGutterElement() → node</code></dt>
+      <dd>Fetches the DOM node that represents the editor gutter.</dd>
+      <dt id="getStateAfter"><code>getStateAfter(line) → state</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the mode's parser state, if any, at the end of the
+      given line number. If no line number is given, the state at the
+      end of the document is returned. This can be useful for storing
+      parsing errors in the state, or getting other kinds of
+      contextual information for a line.</dd>
+    </dl>
+    <p id="version">The <code>CodeMirror</code> object itself provides
+    several useful properties. Firstly, its <code>version</code>
+    property contains a string that indicates the version of the
+    library. For releases, this simply
+    contains <code>"major.minor"</code> (for
+    example <code>"2.33"</code>. For beta versions, <code>" B"</code>
+    (space, capital B) is added at the end of the string, for
+    development snapshots, <code>" +"</code> (space, plus) is
+    added.</p>
+    <p id="fromTextArea">The <code>CodeMirror.fromTextArea</code>
+    method provides another way to initialize an editor. It takes a
+    textarea DOM node as first argument and an optional configuration
+    object as second. It will replace the textarea with a CodeMirror
+    instance, and wire up the form of that textarea (if any) to make
+    sure the editor contents are put into the textarea when the form
+    is submitted. A CodeMirror instance created this way has three
+    additional methods:</p>
+    <dl>
+      <dt id="save"><code>save()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Copy the content of the editor into the textarea.</dd>
+      <dt id="toTextArea"><code>toTextArea()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Remove the editor, and restore the original textarea (with
+      the editor's current content).</dd>
+      <dt id="getTextArea"><code>getTextArea() → textarea</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the textarea that the instance was based on.</dd>
+    </dl>
+    <p id="defineExtension">If you want to define extra methods in terms
+    of the CodeMirror API, it is possible to
+    use <code>CodeMirror.defineExtension(name, value)</code>. This
+    will cause the given value (usually a method) to be added to all
+    CodeMirror instances created from then on.</p>
+    <h2 id="addons">Add-ons</h2>
+    <p>The <code>lib/util</code> directory in the distribution
+    contains a number of reusable components that implement extra
+    editor functionality. In brief, they are:</p>
+    <dl>
+      <dt id="util_dialog"><a href="../lib/util/dialog.js"><code>dialog.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Provides a very simple way to query users for text input.
+      Adds an <code>openDialog</code> method to CodeMirror instances,
+      which can be called with an HTML fragment that provides the
+      prompt (should include an <code>input</code> tag), and a
+      callback function that is called when text has been entered.
+      Depends on <code>lib/util/dialog.css</code>.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_searchcursor"><a href="../lib/util/searchcursor.js"><code>searchcursor.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Adds the <code>getSearchCursor(query, start, caseFold) →
+      cursor</code> method to CodeMirror instances, which can be used
+      to implement search/replace functionality. <code>query</code>
+      can be a regular expression or a string (only strings will match
+      across lines—if they contain newlines). <code>start</code>
+      provides the starting position of the search. It can be
+      a <code>{line, ch}</code> object, or can be left off to default
+      to the start of the document. <code>caseFold</code> is only
+      relevant when matching a string. It will cause the search to be
+      case-insensitive. A search cursor has the following methods:
+        <dl>
+          <dt><code>findNext(), findPrevious() → boolean</code></dt>
+          <dd>Search forward or backward from the current position.
+          The return value indicates whether a match was found. If
+          matching a regular expression, the return value will be the
+          array returned by the <code>match</code> method, in case you
+          want to extract matched groups.</dd>
+          <dt><code>from(), to() → object</code></dt>
+          <dd>These are only valid when the last call
+          to <code>findNext</code> or <code>findPrevious</code> did
+          not return false. They will return <code>{line, ch}</code>
+          objects pointing at the start and end of the match.</dd>
+          <dt><code>replace(text)</code></dt>
+          <dd>Replaces the currently found match with the given text
+          and adjusts the cursor position to reflect the
+          replacement.</dd>
+        </dl></dd>
+      <dt id="util_search"><a href="../lib/util/search.js"><code>search.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Implements the search commands. CodeMirror has keys bound to
+      these by default, but will not do anything with them unless an
+      implementation is provided. Depends
+      on <code>searchcursor.js</code>, and will make use
+      of <a href="#util_dialog"><code>openDialog</code></a> when
+      available to make prompting for search queries less ugly.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_foldcode"><a href="../lib/util/foldcode.js"><code>foldcode.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Helps with code folding.
+      See <a href="../demo/folding.html">the demo</a> for an example.
+      Call <code>CodeMirror.newFoldFunction</code> with a range-finder
+      helper function to create a function that will, when applied to
+      a CodeMirror instance and a line number, attempt to fold or
+      unfold the block starting at the given line. A range-finder is a
+      language-specific function that also takes an instance and a
+      line number, and returns an end line for the block, or null if
+      no block is started on that line. This file
+      provides <code>CodeMirror.braceRangeFinder</code>, which finds
+      blocks in brace languages (JavaScript, C, Java,
+      etc), <code>CodeMirror.indentRangeFinder</code>, for languages
+      where indentation determines block structure (Python, Haskell),
+      and <code>CodeMirror.tagRangeFinder</code>, for XML-style
+      languages.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_runmode"><a href="../lib/util/runmode.js"><code>runmode.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Can be used to run a CodeMirror mode over text without
+      actually opening an editor instance.
+      See <a href="../demo/runmode.html">the demo</a> for an
+      example.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_overlay"><a href="../lib/util/overlay.js"><code>overlay.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Mode combinator that can be used to extend a mode with an
+      'overlay' — a secondary mode is run over the stream, along with
+      the base mode, and can color specific pieces of text without
+      interfering with the base mode.
+      Defines <code>CodeMirror.overlayMode</code>, which is used to
+      create such a mode. See <a href="../demo/mustache.html">this
+      demo</a> for a detailed example.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_multiplex"><a href="../lib/util/multiplex.js"><code>multiplex.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Mode combinator that can be used to easily 'multiplex'
+      between several modes.
+      Defines <code>CodeMirror.multiplexingMode</code> which, when
+      given as first argument a mode object, and as other arguments
+      any number of <code>{open, close, mode [, delimStyle]}</code>
+      objects, will return a mode object that starts parsing using the
+      mode passed as first argument, but will switch to another mode
+      as soon as it encounters a string that occurs in one of
+      the <code>open</code> fields of the passed objects. When in a
+      sub-mode, it will go back to the top mode again when
+      the <code>close</code> string is encountered.
+      When <code>delimStyle</code> is specified, it will be the token
+      style returned for the delimiter tokens. The outer mode will not
+      see the content between the delimiters.
+      See <a href="../demo/multiplex.html">this demo</a> for an
+      example.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_simple-hint"><a href="../lib/util/simple-hint.js"><code>simple-hint.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Provides a framework for showing autocompletion hints.
+      Defines <code>CodeMirror.simpleHint</code>, which takes a
+      CodeMirror instance and a hinting function, and pops up a widget
+      that allows the user to select a completion. Hinting functions
+      are function that take an editor instance, and return
+      a <code>{list, from, to}</code> object, where <code>list</code>
+      is an array of strings (the completions), and <code>from</code>
+      and <code>to</code> give the start and end of the token that is
+      being completed. Depends
+      on <code>lib/util/simple-hint.css</code>.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_javascript-hint"><a href="../lib/util/javascript-hint.js"><code>javascript-hint.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Defines <code>CodeMirror.javascriptHint</code>
+      and <code>CodeMirror.coffeescriptHint</code>, which are simple
+      hinting functions for the JavaScript and CoffeeScript
+      modes.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_match-highlighter"><a href="../lib/util/match-highlighter.js"><code>match-highlighter.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Adds a <code>matchHighlight</code> method to CodeMirror
+      instances that can be called (typically from
+      a <a href="#option_onCursorActivity"><code>onCursorActivity</code></a>
+      handler) to highlight all instances of a currently selected word
+      with the a classname given as a first argument to the method.
+      Depends on
+      the <a href="#util_searchcursor"><code>searchcursor</code></a>
+      add-on. Demo <a href="../demo/matchhighlighter.html">here</a>.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_formatting"><a href="../lib/util/formatting.js"><code>formatting.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Adds <code>commentRange</code>, <code>autoIndentRange</code>,
+      and <code>autoFormatRange</code> methods that, respectively,
+      comment (or uncomment), indent, or format (add line breaks) a
+      range of code. <a href="../demo/formatting.html">Demo here.</a></dd>
+      <dt id="util_closetag"><a href="../lib/util/closetag.js"><code>closetag.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Provides utility functions for adding automatic tag closing
+      to XML modes. See
+      the <a href="../demo/closetag.html">demo</a>.</dd>
+      <dt id="util_loadmode"><a href="../lib/util/loadmode.js"><code>loadmode.js</code></a></dt>
+      <dd>Defines a <code>CodeMirror.requireMode(modename,
+      callback)</code> function that will try to load a given mode and
+      call the callback when it succeeded. You'll have to
+      set <code>CodeMirror.modeURL</code> to a string that mode paths
+      can be constructed from, for
+      example <code>"mode/%N/%N.js"</code>—the <code>%N</code>'s will
+      be replaced with the mode name. Also
+      defines <code>CodeMirror.autoLoadMode(instance, mode)</code>,
+      which will ensure the given mode is loaded and cause the given
+      editor instance to refresh its mode when the loading
+      succeeded. See the <a href="../demo/loadmode.html">demo</a>.</dd>
+    </dl>
+    <h2 id="modeapi">Writing CodeMirror Modes</h2>
+    <p>Modes typically consist of a single JavaScript file. This file
+    defines, in the simplest case, a lexer (tokenizer) for your
+    language—a function that takes a character stream as input,
+    advances it past a token, and returns a style for that token. More
+    advanced modes can also handle indentation for the language.</p>
+    <p id="defineMode">The mode script should
+    call <code>CodeMirror.defineMode</code> to register itself with
+    CodeMirror. This function takes two arguments. The first should be
+    the name of the mode, for which you should use a lowercase string,
+    preferably one that is also the name of the files that define the
+    mode (i.e. <code>"xml"</code> is defined <code>xml.js</code>). The
+    second argument should be a function that, given a CodeMirror
+    configuration object (the thing passed to
+    the <code>CodeMirror</code> function) and an optional mode
+    configuration object (as in
+    the <a href="#option_mode"><code>mode</code></a> option), returns
+    a mode object.</p>
+    <p>Typically, you should use this second argument
+    to <code>defineMode</code> as your module scope function (modes
+    should not leak anything into the global scope!), i.e. write your
+    whole mode inside this function.</p>
+    <p>The main responsibility of a mode script is <em>parsing</em>
+    the content of the editor. Depending on the language and the
+    amount of functionality desired, this can be done in really easy
+    or extremely complicated ways. Some parsers can be stateless,
+    meaning that they look at one element (<em>token</em>) of the code
+    at a time, with no memory of what came before. Most, however, will
+    need to remember something. This is done by using a <em>state
+    object</em>, which is an object that is always passed when
+    reading a token, and which can be mutated by the tokenizer.</p>
+    <p id="startState">Modes that use a state must define
+    a <code>startState</code> method on their mode object. This is a
+    function of no arguments that produces a state object to be used
+    at the start of a document.</p>
+    <p id="token">The most important part of a mode object is
+    its <code>token(stream, state)</code> method. All modes must
+    define this method. It should read one token from the stream it is
+    given as an argument, optionally update its state, and return a
+    style string, or <code>null</code> for tokens that do not have to
+    be styled. For your styles, you can either use the 'standard' ones
+    defined in the themes (without the <code>cm-</code> prefix), or
+    define your own and have people include a custom CSS file for your
+    mode.<p>
+    <p id="StringStream">The stream object encapsulates a line of code
+    (tokens may never span lines) and our current position in that
+    line. It has the following API:</p>
+    <dl>
+      <dt><code>eol() → boolean</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns true only if the stream is at the end of the
+      line.</dd>
+      <dt><code>sol() → boolean</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns true only if the stream is at the start of the
+      line.</dd>
+      <dt><code>peek() → character</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the next character in the stream without advancing
+      it. Will return an empty string at the end of the line.</dd>
+      <dt><code>next() → character</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the next character in the stream and advances it.
+      Also returns <code>undefined</code> when no more characters are
+      available.</dd>
+      <dt><code>eat(match) → character</code></dt>
+      <dd><code>match</code> can be a character, a regular expression,
+      or a function that takes a character and returns a boolean. If
+      the next character in the stream 'matches' the given argument,
+      it is consumed and returned. Otherwise, <code>undefined</code>
+      is returned.</dd>
+      <dt><code>eatWhile(match) → boolean</code></dt>
+      <dd>Repeatedly calls <code>eat</code> with the given argument,
+      until it fails. Returns true if any characters were eaten.</dd>
+      <dt><code>eatSpace() → boolean</code></dt>
+      <dd>Shortcut for <code>eatWhile</code> when matching
+      white-space.</dd>
+      <dt><code>skipToEnd()</code></dt>
+      <dd>Moves the position to the end of the line.</dd>
+      <dt><code>skipTo(ch) → boolean</code></dt>
+      <dd>Skips to the next occurrence of the given character, if
+      found on the current line (doesn't advance the stream if the
+      character does not occur on the line). Returns true if the
+      character was found.</dd>
+      <dt><code>match(pattern, consume, caseFold) → boolean</code></dt>
+      <dd>Act like a
+      multi-character <code>eat</code>—if <code>consume</code> is true
+      or not given—or a look-ahead that doesn't update the stream
+      position—if it is false. <code>pattern</code> can be either a
+      string or a regular expression starting with <code>^</code>.
+      When it is a string, <code>caseFold</code> can be set to true to
+      make the match case-insensitive. When successfully matching a
+      regular expression, the returned value will be the array
+      returned by <code>match</code>, in case you need to extract
+      matched groups.</dd>
+      <dt><code>backUp(n)</code></dt>
+      <dd>Backs up the stream <code>n</code> characters. Backing it up
+      further than the start of the current token will cause things to
+      break, so be careful.</dd>
+      <dt><code>column() → integer</code></dt>
+      <dd>Returns the column (taking into account tabs) at which the
+      current token starts. Can be used to find out whether a token
+      starts a new line.</dd>
+      <dt><code>indentation() → integer</code></dt>
+      <dd>Tells you how far the current line has been indented, in
+      spaces. Corrects for tab characters.</dd>
+      <dt><code>current() → string</code></dt>
+      <dd>Get the string between the start of the current token and
+      the current stream position.</dd>
+    </dl>
+    <p id="blankLine">By default, blank lines are simply skipped when
+    tokenizing a document. For languages that have significant blank
+    lines, you can define a <code>blankLine(state)</code> method on
+    your mode that will get called whenever a blank line is passed
+    over, so that it can update the parser state.</p>
+    <p id="copyState">Because state object are mutated, and CodeMirror
+    needs to keep valid versions of a state around so that it can
+    restart a parse at any line, copies must be made of state objects.
+    The default algorithm used is that a new state object is created,
+    which gets all the properties of the old object. Any properties
+    which hold arrays get a copy of these arrays (since arrays tend to
+    be used as mutable stacks). When this is not correct, for example
+    because a mode mutates non-array properties of its state object, a
+    mode object should define a <code>copyState</code> method,
+    which is given a state and should return a safe copy of that
+    state.</p>
+    <p id="indent">If you want your mode to provide smart indentation
+    (though the <a href="#indentLine"><code>indentLine</code></a>
+    method and the <code>indentAuto</code>
+    and <code>newlineAndIndent</code> commands, which keys can be
+    <a href="#option_extraKeys">bound</a> to), you must define
+    an <code>indent(state, textAfter)</code> method on your mode
+    object.</p>
+    <p>The indentation method should inspect the given state object,
+    and optionally the <code>textAfter</code> string, which contains
+    the text on the line that is being indented, and return an
+    integer, the amount of spaces to indent. It should usually take
+    the <a href="#option_indentUnit"><code>indentUnit</code></a>
+    option into account.</p>
+    <p id="electricChars">Finally, a mode may define
+    an <code>electricChars</code> property, which should hold a string
+    containing all the characters that should trigger the behaviour
+    described for
+    the <a href="#option_electricChars"><code>electricChars</code></a>
+    option.</p>
+    <p>So, to summarize, a mode <em>must</em> provide
+    a <code>token</code> method, and it <em>may</em>
+    provide <code>startState</code>, <code>copyState</code>,
+    <code>compareStates</code>, and <code>indent</code> methods. For
+    an example of a trivial mode, see
+    the <a href="../mode/diff/diff.js">diff mode</a>, for a more involved
+    example, see the <a href="../mode/clike/clike.js">C-like
+    mode</a>.</p>
+    <p>Sometimes, it is useful for modes to <em>nest</em>—to have one
+    mode delegate work to another mode. An example of this kind of
+    mode is the <a href="../mode/htmlmixed/htmlmixed.js">mixed-mode HTML
+    mode</a>. To implement such nesting, it is usually necessary to
+    create mode objects and copy states yourself. To create a mode
+    object, there are <code>CodeMirror.getMode(options,
+    parserConfig)</code>, where the first argument is a configuration
+    object as passed to the mode constructor function, and the second
+    argument is a mode specification as in
+    the <a href="#option_mode"><code>mode</code></a> option. To copy a
+    state object, call <code>CodeMirror.copyState(mode, state)</code>,
+    where <code>mode</code> is the mode that created the given
+    state.</p>
+    <p id="innerMode">In a nested mode, it is recommended to add an
+    extra methods, <code>innerMode</code> which, given a state object,
+    returns a <code>{state, mode}</code> object with the inner mode
+    and its state for the current position. These are used by utility
+    scripts such as the <a href="#util_formatting">autoformatter</a>
+    and the <a href="#util_closetag">tag closer</a> to get context
+    information. Use the <code>CodeMirror.innerMode</code> helper
+    function to, starting from a mode and a state, recursively walk
+    down to the innermost mode and state.</p>
+    <p>To make indentation work properly in a nested parser, it is
+    advisable to give the <code>startState</code> method of modes that
+    are intended to be nested an optional argument that provides the
+    base indentation for the block of code. The JavaScript and CSS
+    parser do this, for example, to allow JavaScript and CSS code
+    inside the mixed-mode HTML mode to be properly indented.</p>
+    <p>Finally, it is possible to associate your mode, or a certain
+    configuration of your mode, with
+    a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIME">MIME</a> type. For
+    example, the JavaScript mode associates itself
+    with <code>text/javascript</code>, and its JSON variant
+    with <code>application/json</code>. To do this,
+    call <code>CodeMirror.defineMIME(mime, modeSpec)</code>,
+    where <code>modeSpec</code> can be a string or object specifying a
+    mode, as in the <a href="#option_mode"><code>mode</code></a>
+    option.</p>
+    <p id="extendMode">Sometimes, it is useful to add or override mode
+    object properties from external code.
+    The <code>CodeMirror.extendMode</code> can be used to add
+    properties to mode objects produced for a specific mode. Its first
+    argument is the name of the mode, its second an object that
+    specifies the properties that should be added. This is mostly
+    useful to add utilities that can later be looked
+    up <a href="#getMode"><code>getMode</code></a>.</p>
+</div><div class="rightsmall blk">
+    <h2>Contents</h2>
+    <ul>
+      <li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#usage">Basic Usage</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#config">Configuration</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#keymaps">Keymaps</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#styling">Customized Styling</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#api">Programming API</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#addons">Add-ons</a></li>
+      <li><a href="#modeapi">Writing CodeMirror Modes</a></li>
+    </ul>
+</div></div>
+<div style="height: 2em">&nbsp;</div>
+  </body>
+</html>