rdoc 3.12.2 → 4.0.0.preview2

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Files changed (200) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +6 -6
  2. checksums.yaml.gz.sig +0 -0
  3. data.tar.gz.sig +0 -0
  4. data/.autotest +3 -2
  5. data/DEVELOPERS.rdoc +53 -0
  6. data/History.rdoc +159 -25
  7. data/LEGAL.rdoc +12 -0
  8. data/Manifest.txt +56 -3
  9. data/README.rdoc +87 -19
  10. data/Rakefile +11 -2
  11. data/TODO.rdoc +20 -13
  12. data/bin/rdoc +4 -0
  13. data/lib/gauntlet_rdoc.rb +1 -1
  14. data/lib/rdoc.rb +32 -71
  15. data/lib/rdoc/any_method.rb +75 -21
  16. data/lib/rdoc/attr.rb +49 -10
  17. data/lib/rdoc/class_module.rb +182 -32
  18. data/lib/rdoc/code_object.rb +54 -12
  19. data/lib/rdoc/comment.rb +8 -1
  20. data/lib/rdoc/constant.rb +100 -6
  21. data/lib/rdoc/context.rb +93 -41
  22. data/lib/rdoc/context/section.rb +143 -28
  23. data/lib/rdoc/cross_reference.rb +58 -50
  24. data/lib/rdoc/encoding.rb +34 -29
  25. data/lib/rdoc/erb_partial.rb +18 -0
  26. data/lib/rdoc/extend.rb +117 -0
  27. data/lib/rdoc/generator.rb +11 -6
  28. data/lib/rdoc/generator/darkfish.rb +250 -62
  29. data/lib/rdoc/generator/json_index.rb +20 -12
  30. data/lib/rdoc/generator/markup.rb +10 -12
  31. data/lib/rdoc/generator/ri.rb +7 -60
  32. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_head.rhtml +7 -7
  33. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_extends.rhtml +16 -0
  34. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_in_files.rhtml +1 -1
  35. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_installed.rhtml +14 -0
  36. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_methods.rhtml +1 -1
  37. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/_sidebar_table_of_contents.rhtml +13 -0
  38. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/class.rhtml +15 -1
  39. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/images/arrow_up.png +0 -0
  40. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/index.rhtml +3 -3
  41. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/js/darkfish.js +7 -9
  42. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/page.rhtml +2 -0
  43. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/rdoc.css +31 -0
  44. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/servlet_not_found.rhtml +18 -0
  45. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/servlet_root.rhtml +37 -0
  46. data/lib/rdoc/generator/template/darkfish/table_of_contents.rhtml +3 -3
  47. data/lib/rdoc/include.rb +12 -3
  48. data/lib/rdoc/markdown.kpeg +1186 -0
  49. data/lib/rdoc/markdown.rb +16336 -0
  50. data/lib/rdoc/markdown/entities.rb +2128 -0
  51. data/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals_1_8.kpeg +18 -0
  52. data/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals_1_8.rb +454 -0
  53. data/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals_1_9.kpeg +22 -0
  54. data/lib/rdoc/markdown/literals_1_9.rb +417 -0
  55. data/lib/rdoc/markup.rb +69 -10
  56. data/lib/rdoc/markup/attr_changer.rb +2 -5
  57. data/lib/rdoc/markup/attribute_manager.rb +23 -14
  58. data/lib/rdoc/markup/attributes.rb +70 -0
  59. data/lib/rdoc/markup/block_quote.rb +14 -0
  60. data/lib/rdoc/markup/document.rb +20 -4
  61. data/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter.rb +17 -6
  62. data/lib/rdoc/markup/formatter_test_case.rb +93 -24
  63. data/lib/rdoc/markup/hard_break.rb +31 -0
  64. data/lib/rdoc/markup/heading.rb +1 -1
  65. data/lib/rdoc/markup/indented_paragraph.rb +14 -0
  66. data/lib/rdoc/markup/list.rb +23 -4
  67. data/lib/rdoc/markup/list_item.rb +17 -4
  68. data/lib/rdoc/markup/paragraph.rb +14 -0
  69. data/lib/rdoc/markup/parser.rb +107 -60
  70. data/lib/rdoc/markup/raw.rb +4 -4
  71. data/lib/rdoc/markup/special.rb +3 -3
  72. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_ansi.rb +7 -1
  73. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html.rb +42 -14
  74. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_crossref.rb +10 -9
  75. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_html_snippet.rb +20 -4
  76. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_joined_paragraph.rb +68 -0
  77. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_label.rb +20 -1
  78. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_markdown.rb +134 -0
  79. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_rdoc.rb +36 -5
  80. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_table_of_contents.rb +6 -1
  81. data/lib/rdoc/markup/to_tt_only.rb +11 -2
  82. data/lib/rdoc/markup/verbatim.rb +19 -0
  83. data/lib/rdoc/method_attr.rb +33 -19
  84. data/lib/rdoc/normal_class.rb +26 -7
  85. data/lib/rdoc/normal_module.rb +10 -5
  86. data/lib/rdoc/options.rb +95 -21
  87. data/lib/rdoc/parser.rb +6 -2
  88. data/lib/rdoc/parser/c.rb +212 -97
  89. data/lib/rdoc/parser/markdown.rb +23 -0
  90. data/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby.rb +115 -35
  91. data/lib/rdoc/parser/ruby_tools.rb +8 -3
  92. data/lib/rdoc/rd.rb +8 -4
  93. data/lib/rdoc/rd/block_parser.rb +1 -1
  94. data/lib/rdoc/rd/block_parser.ry +1 -1
  95. data/lib/rdoc/rdoc.rb +45 -21
  96. data/lib/rdoc/ri/driver.rb +322 -76
  97. data/lib/rdoc/ri/paths.rb +90 -31
  98. data/lib/rdoc/ri/store.rb +2 -353
  99. data/lib/rdoc/ruby_lex.rb +5 -21
  100. data/lib/rdoc/ruby_token.rb +2 -3
  101. data/lib/rdoc/rubygems_hook.rb +21 -9
  102. data/lib/rdoc/servlet.rb +302 -0
  103. data/lib/rdoc/stats.rb +28 -20
  104. data/lib/rdoc/store.rb +881 -0
  105. data/lib/rdoc/task.rb +2 -1
  106. data/lib/rdoc/test_case.rb +103 -1
  107. data/lib/rdoc/text.rb +5 -4
  108. data/lib/rdoc/tom_doc.rb +17 -16
  109. data/lib/rdoc/top_level.rb +43 -285
  110. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Amps and angle encoding.text +21 -0
  111. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Auto links.text +13 -0
  112. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Backslash escapes.text +120 -0
  113. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Blockquotes with code blocks.text +11 -0
  114. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Code Blocks.text +14 -0
  115. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Code Spans.text +6 -0
  116. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Hard-wrapped paragraphs with list-like lines.text +8 -0
  117. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Horizontal rules.text +67 -0
  118. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Inline HTML (Advanced).text +15 -0
  119. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Inline HTML (Simple).text +69 -0
  120. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Inline HTML comments.text +13 -0
  121. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Links, inline style.text +12 -0
  122. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Links, reference style.text +71 -0
  123. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Links, shortcut references.text +20 -0
  124. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Literal quotes in titles.text +7 -0
  125. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Markdown Documentation - Basics.text +306 -0
  126. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Markdown Documentation - Syntax.text +888 -0
  127. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Nested blockquotes.text +5 -0
  128. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Ordered and unordered lists.text +131 -0
  129. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Strong and em together.text +7 -0
  130. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Tabs.text +21 -0
  131. data/test/MarkdownTest_1.0.3/Tidyness.text +5 -0
  132. data/test/test_attribute_manager.rb +7 -4
  133. data/test/test_rdoc_any_method.rb +84 -13
  134. data/test/test_rdoc_attr.rb +59 -9
  135. data/test/test_rdoc_class_module.rb +670 -73
  136. data/test/test_rdoc_code_object.rb +21 -1
  137. data/test/test_rdoc_comment.rb +1 -1
  138. data/test/test_rdoc_constant.rb +132 -0
  139. data/test/test_rdoc_context.rb +84 -18
  140. data/test/test_rdoc_context_section.rb +99 -15
  141. data/test/test_rdoc_cross_reference.rb +1 -1
  142. data/test/test_rdoc_encoding.rb +17 -1
  143. data/test/test_rdoc_extend.rb +94 -0
  144. data/test/test_rdoc_generator_darkfish.rb +45 -19
  145. data/test/test_rdoc_generator_json_index.rb +27 -7
  146. data/test/test_rdoc_generator_markup.rb +3 -3
  147. data/test/test_rdoc_generator_ri.rb +11 -9
  148. data/test/test_rdoc_include.rb +12 -0
  149. data/test/test_rdoc_markdown.rb +977 -0
  150. data/test/test_rdoc_markdown_test.rb +1891 -0
  151. data/test/test_rdoc_markup.rb +1 -1
  152. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_attribute_manager.rb +2 -2
  153. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_attributes.rb +39 -0
  154. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_document.rb +16 -1
  155. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_formatter.rb +7 -4
  156. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_hard_break.rb +31 -0
  157. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_indented_paragraph.rb +14 -0
  158. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_paragraph.rb +15 -1
  159. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_parser.rb +152 -89
  160. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_ansi.rb +23 -2
  161. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_bs.rb +24 -0
  162. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_html.rb +50 -19
  163. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_html_crossref.rb +23 -5
  164. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_html_snippet.rb +49 -8
  165. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_joined_paragraph.rb +32 -0
  166. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_label.rb +63 -1
  167. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_markdown.rb +352 -0
  168. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_rdoc.rb +22 -2
  169. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_table_of_contents.rb +44 -39
  170. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_to_tt_only.rb +20 -0
  171. data/test/test_rdoc_markup_verbatim.rb +13 -0
  172. data/test/test_rdoc_method_attr.rb +5 -0
  173. data/test/test_rdoc_normal_class.rb +24 -5
  174. data/test/test_rdoc_normal_module.rb +1 -1
  175. data/test/test_rdoc_options.rb +21 -6
  176. data/test/test_rdoc_parser.rb +24 -0
  177. data/test/test_rdoc_parser_c.rb +151 -26
  178. data/test/test_rdoc_parser_markdown.rb +55 -0
  179. data/test/test_rdoc_parser_rd.rb +2 -2
  180. data/test/test_rdoc_parser_ruby.rb +468 -109
  181. data/test/test_rdoc_parser_simple.rb +2 -2
  182. data/test/test_rdoc_rd_block_parser.rb +0 -4
  183. data/test/test_rdoc_rdoc.rb +110 -22
  184. data/test/test_rdoc_ri_driver.rb +415 -80
  185. data/test/test_rdoc_ri_paths.rb +122 -13
  186. data/test/test_rdoc_ruby_lex.rb +5 -61
  187. data/test/test_rdoc_ruby_token.rb +19 -0
  188. data/test/test_rdoc_rubygems_hook.rb +64 -43
  189. data/test/test_rdoc_servlet.rb +429 -0
  190. data/test/test_rdoc_stats.rb +83 -24
  191. data/test/{test_rdoc_ri_store.rb → test_rdoc_store.rb} +395 -22
  192. data/test/test_rdoc_task.rb +2 -2
  193. data/test/test_rdoc_text.rb +37 -11
  194. data/test/test_rdoc_tom_doc.rb +59 -62
  195. data/test/test_rdoc_top_level.rb +71 -113
  196. data/test/xref_test_case.rb +7 -9
  197. metadata +122 -39
  198. metadata.gz.sig +0 -0
  199. data/CVE-2013-0256.rdoc +0 -49
  200. data/lib/rdoc/markup/attribute.rb +0 -51
@@ -0,0 +1,1891 @@
1
+ require 'rubygems'
2
+ require 'minitest/autorun'
3
+ require 'pp'
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+
5
+ require 'rdoc'
6
+ require 'rdoc/markdown'
7
+
8
+ class TestRDocMarkdownTest < RDoc::TestCase
9
+
10
+ MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH = File.expand_path '../MarkdownTest_1.0.3/', __FILE__
11
+
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+ def setup
13
+ super
14
+
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+ @parser = RDoc::Markdown.new
16
+ end
17
+
18
+ def mu_pp obj
19
+ s = ''
20
+ s = PP.pp obj, s
21
+ s.force_encoding Encoding.default_external if defined? Encoding
22
+ s.chomp
23
+ end
24
+
25
+ def test_amps_and_angle_encoding
26
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Amps and angle encoding.text"
27
+
28
+ doc = @parser.parse input
29
+
30
+ expected =
31
+ doc(
32
+ para("AT&T has an ampersand in their name."),
33
+ para("AT&T is another way to write it."),
34
+ para("This & that."),
35
+ para("4 < 5."),
36
+ para("6 > 5."),
37
+ para("Here's a {link}[http://example.com/?foo=1&bar=2] with " +
38
+ "an ampersand in the URL."),
39
+ para("Here's a link with an amersand in the link text: " +
40
+ "{AT&T}[http://att.com/]."),
41
+ para("Here's an inline {link}[/script?foo=1&bar=2]."),
42
+ para("Here's an inline {link}[/script?foo=1&bar=2]."))
43
+
44
+ assert_equal expected, doc
45
+ end
46
+
47
+ def test_auto_links
48
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Auto links.text"
49
+
50
+ doc = @parser.parse input
51
+
52
+ # TODO verify rdoc auto-links too
53
+ expected =
54
+ doc(
55
+ para("Link: http://example.com/."),
56
+ para("With an ampersand: http://example.com/?foo=1&bar=2"),
57
+ list(:BULLET,
58
+ item(nil, para("In a list?")),
59
+ item(nil, para("http://example.com/")),
60
+ item(nil, para("It should."))),
61
+ block(
62
+ para("Blockquoted: http://example.com/")),
63
+ para("Auto-links should not occur here: " +
64
+ "<code><http://example.com/></code>"),
65
+ verb("or here: <http://example.com/>\n"))
66
+
67
+ assert_equal expected, doc
68
+ end
69
+
70
+ def test_backslash_escapes
71
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Backslash escapes.text"
72
+
73
+ doc = @parser.parse input
74
+
75
+ expected =
76
+ doc(
77
+ para("These should all get escaped:"),
78
+
79
+ para("Backslash: \\"),
80
+ para("Backtick: `"),
81
+ para("Asterisk: *"),
82
+ para("Underscore: _"),
83
+ para("Left brace: {"),
84
+ para("Right brace: }"),
85
+ para("Left bracket: ["),
86
+ para("Right bracket: ]"),
87
+ para("Left paren: ("),
88
+ para("Right paren: )"),
89
+ para("Greater-than: >"),
90
+ para("Hash: #"),
91
+ para("Period: ."),
92
+ para("Bang: !"),
93
+ para("Plus: +"),
94
+ para("Minus: -"),
95
+
96
+ para("These should not, because they occur within a code block:"),
97
+
98
+ verb("Backslash: \\\\\n",
99
+ "\n",
100
+ "Backtick: \\`\n",
101
+ "\n",
102
+ "Asterisk: \\*\n",
103
+ "\n",
104
+ "Underscore: \\_\n",
105
+ "\n",
106
+ "Left brace: \\{\n",
107
+ "\n",
108
+ "Right brace: \\}\n",
109
+ "\n",
110
+ "Left bracket: \\[\n",
111
+ "\n",
112
+ "Right bracket: \\]\n",
113
+ "\n",
114
+ "Left paren: \\(\n",
115
+ "\n",
116
+ "Right paren: \\)\n",
117
+ "\n",
118
+ "Greater-than: \\>\n",
119
+ "\n",
120
+ "Hash: \\#\n",
121
+ "\n",
122
+ "Period: \\.\n",
123
+ "\n",
124
+ "Bang: \\!\n",
125
+ "\n",
126
+ "Plus: \\+\n",
127
+ "\n",
128
+ "Minus: \\-\n"),
129
+
130
+ para("Nor should these, which occur in code spans:"),
131
+
132
+ para("Backslash: <code>\\\\</code>"),
133
+ para("Backtick: <code>\\`</code>"),
134
+ para("Asterisk: <code>\\*</code>"),
135
+ para("Underscore: <code>\\_</code>"),
136
+ para("Left brace: <code>\\{</code>"),
137
+ para("Right brace: <code>\\}</code>"),
138
+ para("Left bracket: <code>\\[</code>"),
139
+ para("Right bracket: <code>\\]</code>"),
140
+ para("Left paren: <code>\\(</code>"),
141
+ para("Right paren: <code>\\)</code>"),
142
+ para("Greater-than: <code>\\></code>"),
143
+ para("Hash: <code>\\#</code>"),
144
+ para("Period: <code>\\.</code>"),
145
+ para("Bang: <code>\\!</code>"),
146
+ para("Plus: <code>\\+</code>"),
147
+ para("Minus: <code>\\-</code>"),
148
+
149
+ para("These should get escaped, even though they're matching pairs for\n" +
150
+ "other Markdown constructs:"),
151
+
152
+ para("\*asterisks\*"),
153
+ para("\_underscores\_"),
154
+ para("`backticks`"),
155
+
156
+ para("This is a code span with a literal backslash-backtick " +
157
+ "sequence: <code>\\`</code>"),
158
+
159
+ para("This is a tag with unescaped backticks " +
160
+ "<span attr='`ticks`'>bar</span>."),
161
+
162
+ para("This is a tag with backslashes " +
163
+ "<span attr='\\\\backslashes\\\\'>bar</span>."))
164
+
165
+ assert_equal expected, doc
166
+ end
167
+
168
+ def test_blockquotes_with_code_blocks
169
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Blockquotes with code blocks.text"
170
+
171
+ doc = @parser.parse input
172
+
173
+ expected =
174
+ doc(
175
+ block(
176
+ para("Example:"),
177
+ verb("sub status {\n",
178
+ " print \"working\";\n",
179
+ "}\n"),
180
+ para("Or:"),
181
+ verb("sub status {\n",
182
+ " return \"working\";\n",
183
+ "}\n")))
184
+
185
+ assert_equal expected, doc
186
+ end
187
+
188
+ def test_code_blocks
189
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Code Blocks.text"
190
+
191
+ doc = @parser.parse input
192
+
193
+ expected =
194
+ doc(
195
+ verb("code block on the first line\n"),
196
+ para("Regular text."),
197
+
198
+ verb("code block indented by spaces\n"),
199
+ para("Regular text."),
200
+
201
+ verb("the lines in this block \n",
202
+ "all contain trailing spaces \n"),
203
+ para("Regular Text."),
204
+
205
+ verb("code block on the last line\n"))
206
+
207
+ assert_equal expected, doc
208
+ end
209
+
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+ def test_code_spans
211
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Code Spans.text"
212
+
213
+ doc = @parser.parse input
214
+
215
+ expected = doc(
216
+ para("<code><test a=\"</code> content of attribute <code>\"></code>"),
217
+ para("Fix for backticks within HTML tag: " +
218
+ "<span attr='`ticks`'>like this</span>"),
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+ para("Here's how you put <code>`backticks`</code> in a code span."))
220
+
221
+ assert_equal expected, doc
222
+ end
223
+
224
+ def test_hard_wrapped_paragraphs_with_list_like_lines
225
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Hard-wrapped paragraphs with list-like lines.text"
226
+
227
+ doc = @parser.parse input
228
+
229
+ expected =
230
+ doc(
231
+ para("In Markdown 1.0.0 and earlier. Version\n" +
232
+ "8. This line turns into a list item.\n" +
233
+ "Because a hard-wrapped line in the\n" +
234
+ "middle of a paragraph looked like a\n" +
235
+ "list item."),
236
+ para("Here's one with a bullet.\n" +
237
+ "* criminey."))
238
+
239
+ assert_equal expected, doc
240
+ end
241
+
242
+ def test_horizontal_rules
243
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Horizontal rules.text"
244
+
245
+ doc = @parser.parse input
246
+
247
+ expected =
248
+ doc(
249
+ para("Dashes:"),
250
+
251
+ rule(1),
252
+ rule(1),
253
+ rule(1),
254
+ rule(1),
255
+ verb("---\n"),
256
+
257
+ rule(1),
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+ rule(1),
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+ rule(1),
260
+ rule(1),
261
+ verb("- - -\n"),
262
+
263
+ para("Asterisks:"),
264
+
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+ rule(1),
266
+ rule(1),
267
+ rule(1),
268
+ rule(1),
269
+ verb("***\n"),
270
+
271
+ rule(1),
272
+ rule(1),
273
+ rule(1),
274
+ rule(1),
275
+ verb("* * *\n"),
276
+
277
+ para("Underscores:"),
278
+
279
+ rule(1),
280
+ rule(1),
281
+ rule(1),
282
+ rule(1),
283
+ verb("___\n"),
284
+
285
+ rule(1),
286
+ rule(1),
287
+ rule(1),
288
+ rule(1),
289
+ verb("_ _ _\n"))
290
+
291
+ assert_equal expected, doc
292
+ end
293
+
294
+ def test_inline_html_advanced
295
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Inline HTML (Advanced).text"
296
+
297
+ @parser.html = true
298
+
299
+ doc = @parser.parse input
300
+
301
+ expected =
302
+ doc(
303
+ para("Simple block on one line:"),
304
+ raw("<div>foo</div>"),
305
+ para("And nested without indentation:"),
306
+ raw(<<-RAW.chomp))
307
+ <div>
308
+ <div>
309
+ <div>
310
+ foo
311
+ </div>
312
+ <div style=">"/>
313
+ </div>
314
+ <div>bar</div>
315
+ </div>
316
+ RAW
317
+
318
+ assert_equal expected, doc
319
+ end
320
+
321
+ def test_inline_html_simple
322
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Inline HTML (Simple).text"
323
+
324
+ @parser.html = true
325
+
326
+ doc = @parser.parse input
327
+
328
+ expected =
329
+ doc(
330
+ para("Here's a simple block:"),
331
+ raw("<div>\n\tfoo\n</div>"),
332
+
333
+ para("This should be a code block, though:"),
334
+ verb("<div>\n",
335
+ "\tfoo\n",
336
+ "</div>\n"),
337
+
338
+ para("As should this:"),
339
+ verb("<div>foo</div>\n"),
340
+
341
+ para("Now, nested:"),
342
+ raw("<div>\n\t<div>\n\t\t<div>\n\t\t\tfoo\n" +
343
+ "\t\t</div>\n\t</div>\n</div>"),
344
+
345
+ para("This should just be an HTML comment:"),
346
+ raw("<!-- Comment -->"),
347
+
348
+ para("Multiline:"),
349
+ raw("<!--\nBlah\nBlah\n-->"),
350
+
351
+ para("Code block:"),
352
+ verb("<!-- Comment -->\n"),
353
+
354
+ para("Just plain comment, with trailing spaces on the line:"),
355
+ raw("<!-- foo -->"),
356
+
357
+ para("Code:"),
358
+ verb("<hr />\n"),
359
+
360
+ para("Hr's:"),
361
+ raw("<hr>"),
362
+ raw("<hr/>"),
363
+ raw("<hr />"),
364
+
365
+ raw("<hr>"),
366
+ raw("<hr/>"),
367
+ raw("<hr />"),
368
+
369
+ raw("<hr class=\"foo\" id=\"bar\" />"),
370
+ raw("<hr class=\"foo\" id=\"bar\"/>"),
371
+ raw("<hr class=\"foo\" id=\"bar\" >"))
372
+
373
+ assert_equal expected, doc
374
+ end
375
+
376
+ def test_inline_html_comments
377
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Inline HTML comments.text"
378
+
379
+ doc = @parser.parse input
380
+
381
+ expected =
382
+ doc(
383
+ para("Paragraph one."),
384
+
385
+ raw("<!-- This is a simple comment -->"),
386
+
387
+ raw("<!--\n\tThis is another comment.\n-->"),
388
+
389
+ para("Paragraph two."),
390
+
391
+ raw("<!-- one comment block -- -- with two comments -->"),
392
+
393
+ para("The end."))
394
+
395
+ assert_equal expected, doc
396
+ end
397
+
398
+ def test_links_inline_style
399
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Links, inline style.text"
400
+
401
+ doc = @parser.parse input
402
+
403
+ expected =
404
+ doc(
405
+ para("Just a {URL}[/url/]."),
406
+ para("{URL and title}[/url/]."),
407
+ para("{URL and title}[/url/]."),
408
+ para("{URL and title}[/url/]."),
409
+ para("{URL and title}[/url/]."),
410
+ para("{Empty}[]."))
411
+
412
+ assert_equal expected, doc
413
+ end
414
+
415
+ def test_links_reference_style
416
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Links, reference style.text"
417
+
418
+ doc = @parser.parse input
419
+
420
+ expected =
421
+ doc(
422
+ para("Foo {bar}[/url/]."),
423
+ para("Foo {bar}[/url/]."),
424
+ para("Foo {bar}[/url/]."),
425
+
426
+ para("With {embedded [brackets]}[/url/]."),
427
+
428
+ para("Indented {once}[/url]."),
429
+ para("Indented {twice}[/url]."),
430
+ para("Indented {thrice}[/url]."),
431
+ para("Indented [four][] times."),
432
+
433
+ verb("[four]: /url\n"),
434
+
435
+ rule(1),
436
+
437
+ para("{this}[foo] should work"),
438
+ para("So should {this}[foo]."),
439
+ para("And {this}[foo]."),
440
+ para("And {this}[foo]."),
441
+ para("And {this}[foo]."),
442
+
443
+ para("But not [that] []."),
444
+ para("Nor [that][]."),
445
+ para("Nor [that]."),
446
+
447
+ para("[Something in brackets like {this}[foo] should work]"),
448
+ para("[Same with {this}[foo].]"),
449
+
450
+ para("In this case, {this}[/somethingelse/] points to something else."),
451
+ para("Backslashing should suppress [this] and [this]."),
452
+
453
+ rule(1),
454
+
455
+ para("Here's one where the {link breaks}[/url/] across lines."),
456
+ para("Here's another where the {link breaks}[/url/] across lines, " +
457
+ "but with a line-ending space."))
458
+
459
+ assert_equal expected, doc
460
+ end
461
+
462
+ def test_links_shortcut_references
463
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Links, shortcut references.text"
464
+
465
+ doc = @parser.parse input
466
+
467
+ expected =
468
+ doc(
469
+ para("This is the {simple case}[/simple]."),
470
+ para("This one has a {line break}[/foo]."),
471
+ para("This one has a {line break}[/foo] with a line-ending space."),
472
+ para("{this}[/that] and the {other}[/other]"))
473
+
474
+ assert_equal expected, doc
475
+ end
476
+
477
+ def test_literal_quotes_in_titles
478
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Literal quotes in titles.text"
479
+
480
+ doc = @parser.parse input
481
+
482
+ # TODO support title attribute
483
+ expected =
484
+ doc(
485
+ para("Foo {bar}[/url/]."),
486
+ para("Foo {bar}[/url/]."))
487
+
488
+ assert_equal expected, doc
489
+ end
490
+
491
+ def test_markdown_documentation_basics
492
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Markdown Documentation - Basics.text"
493
+
494
+ doc = @parser.parse input
495
+
496
+ expected =
497
+ doc(
498
+ head(1, "Markdown: Basics"),
499
+
500
+ raw(<<-RAW.chomp),
501
+ <ul id="ProjectSubmenu">
502
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/" title="Markdown Project Page">Main</a></li>
503
+ <li><a class="selected" title="Markdown Basics">Basics</a></li>
504
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/syntax" title="Markdown Syntax Documentation">Syntax</a></li>
505
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/license" title="Pricing and License Information">License</a></li>
506
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/dingus" title="Online Markdown Web Form">Dingus</a></li>
507
+ </ul>
508
+ RAW
509
+
510
+ head(2, "Getting the Gist of Markdown's Formatting Syntax"),
511
+
512
+ para("This page offers a brief overview of what it's like to use Markdown.\n" +
513
+ "The {syntax page}[/projects/markdown/syntax] provides complete, detailed documentation for\n" +
514
+ "every feature, but Markdown should be very easy to pick up simply by\n" +
515
+ "looking at a few examples of it in action. The examples on this page\n" +
516
+ "are written in a before/after style, showing example syntax and the\n" +
517
+ "HTML output produced by Markdown."),
518
+
519
+ para("It's also helpful to simply try Markdown out; the {Dingus}[/projects/markdown/dingus] is a\n" +
520
+ "web application that allows you type your own Markdown-formatted text\n" +
521
+ "and translate it to XHTML."),
522
+
523
+ para("<b>Note:</b> This document is itself written using Markdown; you\n" +
524
+ "can {see the source for it by adding '.text' to the URL}[/projects/markdown/basics.text]."),
525
+
526
+ head(2, "Paragraphs, Headers, Blockquotes"),
527
+
528
+ para("A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated\n" +
529
+ "by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like a\n" +
530
+ "blank line -- a line containing nothing spaces or tabs is considered\n" +
531
+ "blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be intended with spaces or tabs."),
532
+
533
+ para("Markdown offers two styles of headers: _Setext_ and _atx_.\n" +
534
+ "Setext-style headers for <code><h1></code> and <code><h2></code> are created by\n" +
535
+ "\"underlining\" with equal signs (<code>=</code>) and hyphens (<code>-</code>), respectively.\n" +
536
+ "To create an atx-style header, you put 1-6 hash marks (<code>#</code>) at the\n" +
537
+ "beginning of the line -- the number of hashes equals the resulting\n" +
538
+ "HTML header level."),
539
+
540
+ para("Blockquotes are indicated using email-style '<code>></code>' angle brackets."),
541
+
542
+ para("Markdown:"),
543
+
544
+ verb("A First Level Header\n",
545
+ "====================\n",
546
+ "\n",
547
+ "A Second Level Header\n",
548
+ "---------------------\n",
549
+ "\n",
550
+ "Now is the time for all good men to come to\n",
551
+ "the aid of their country. This is just a\n",
552
+ "regular paragraph.\n",
553
+ "\n",
554
+ "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy\n",
555
+ "dog's back.\n",
556
+ "\n",
557
+ "### Header 3\n",
558
+ "\n",
559
+ "> This is a blockquote.\n",
560
+ "> \n",
561
+ "> This is the second paragraph in the blockquote.\n",
562
+ ">\n",
563
+ "> ## This is an H2 in a blockquote\n"),
564
+
565
+ para("Output:"),
566
+
567
+ verb("<h1>A First Level Header</h1>\n",
568
+ "\n",
569
+ "<h2>A Second Level Header</h2>\n",
570
+ "\n",
571
+ "<p>Now is the time for all good men to come to\n",
572
+ "the aid of their country. This is just a\n",
573
+ "regular paragraph.</p>\n",
574
+ "\n",
575
+ "<p>The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy\n",
576
+ "dog's back.</p>\n",
577
+ "\n",
578
+ "<h3>Header 3</h3>\n",
579
+ "\n",
580
+ "<blockquote>\n",
581
+ " <p>This is a blockquote.</p>\n",
582
+ "\n",
583
+ " <p>This is the second paragraph in the blockquote.</p>\n",
584
+ "\n",
585
+ " <h2>This is an H2 in a blockquote</h2>\n",
586
+ "</blockquote>\n"),
587
+
588
+ head(3, "Phrase Emphasis"),
589
+ para("Markdown uses asterisks and underscores to indicate spans of emphasis."),
590
+
591
+ para("Markdown:"),
592
+
593
+ verb("Some of these words *are emphasized*.\n",
594
+ "Some of these words _are emphasized also_.\n",
595
+ "\n",
596
+ "Use two asterisks for **strong emphasis**.\n",
597
+ "Or, if you prefer, __use two underscores instead__.\n"),
598
+
599
+ para("Output:"),
600
+
601
+ verb("<p>Some of these words <em>are emphasized</em>.\n",
602
+ "Some of these words <em>are emphasized also</em>.</p>\n",
603
+ "\n",
604
+ "<p>Use two asterisks for <strong>strong emphasis</strong>.\n",
605
+ "Or, if you prefer, <strong>use two underscores instead</strong>.</p>\n"),
606
+
607
+ head(2, "Lists"),
608
+
609
+ para("Unordered (bulleted) lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens (<code>*</code>,\n" +
610
+ "<code>+</code>, and <code>-</code>) as list markers. These three markers are\n" +
611
+ "interchangable; this:"),
612
+
613
+ verb("* Candy.\n",
614
+ "* Gum.\n",
615
+ "* Booze.\n"),
616
+
617
+ para("this:"),
618
+
619
+ verb("+ Candy.\n",
620
+ "+ Gum.\n",
621
+ "+ Booze.\n"),
622
+
623
+ para("and this:"),
624
+
625
+ verb("- Candy.\n",
626
+ "- Gum.\n",
627
+ "- Booze.\n"),
628
+
629
+ para("all produce the same output:"),
630
+
631
+ verb("<ul>\n",
632
+ "<li>Candy.</li>\n",
633
+ "<li>Gum.</li>\n",
634
+ "<li>Booze.</li>\n",
635
+ "</ul>\n"),
636
+
637
+ para("Ordered (numbered) lists use regular numbers, followed by periods, as\n" +
638
+ "list markers:"),
639
+
640
+ verb("1. Red\n",
641
+ "2. Green\n",
642
+ "3. Blue\n"),
643
+
644
+ para("Output:"),
645
+
646
+ verb("<ol>\n",
647
+ "<li>Red</li>\n",
648
+ "<li>Green</li>\n",
649
+ "<li>Blue</li>\n",
650
+ "</ol>\n"),
651
+
652
+ para("If you put blank lines between items, you'll get <code><p></code> tags for the\n" +
653
+ "list item text. You can create multi-paragraph list items by indenting\n" +
654
+ "the paragraphs by 4 spaces or 1 tab:"),
655
+
656
+ verb("* A list item.\n",
657
+ "\n",
658
+ " With multiple paragraphs.\n",
659
+ "\n",
660
+ "* Another item in the list.\n"),
661
+
662
+ para("Output:"),
663
+
664
+ verb("<ul>\n",
665
+ "<li><p>A list item.</p>\n",
666
+ "<p>With multiple paragraphs.</p></li>\n",
667
+ "<li><p>Another item in the list.</p></li>\n",
668
+ "</ul>\n"),
669
+
670
+ head(3, "Links"),
671
+
672
+ para("Markdown supports two styles for creating links: _inline_ and\n" +
673
+ "_reference_. With both styles, you use square brackets to delimit the\n" +
674
+ "text you want to turn into a link."),
675
+
676
+ para("Inline-style links use parentheses immediately after the link text.\n" +
677
+ "For example:"),
678
+
679
+ verb("This is an [example link](http://example.com/).\n"),
680
+
681
+ para("Output:"),
682
+
683
+ verb("<p>This is an <a href=\"http://example.com/\">\n",
684
+ "example link</a>.</p>\n"),
685
+
686
+ para("Optionally, you may include a title attribute in the parentheses:"),
687
+
688
+ verb("This is an [example link](http://example.com/ \"With a Title\").\n"),
689
+
690
+ para("Output:"),
691
+
692
+ verb("<p>This is an <a href=\"http://example.com/\" title=\"With a Title\">\n",
693
+ "example link</a>.</p>\n"),
694
+
695
+ para("Reference-style links allow you to refer to your links by names, which\n" +
696
+ "you define elsewhere in your document:"),
697
+
698
+ verb("I get 10 times more traffic from [Google][1] than from\n",
699
+ "[Yahoo][2] or [MSN][3].\n",
700
+ "\n",
701
+ "[1]: http://google.com/ \"Google\"\n",
702
+ "[2]: http://search.yahoo.com/ \"Yahoo Search\"\n",
703
+ "[3]: http://search.msn.com/ \"MSN Search\"\n"),
704
+
705
+ para("Output:"),
706
+
707
+ verb("<p>I get 10 times more traffic from <a href=\"http://google.com/\"\n",
708
+ "title=\"Google\">Google</a> than from <a href=\"http://search.yahoo.com/\"\n",
709
+ "title=\"Yahoo Search\">Yahoo</a> or <a href=\"http://search.msn.com/\"\n",
710
+ "title=\"MSN Search\">MSN</a>.</p>\n"),
711
+
712
+ para("The title attribute is optional. Link names may contain letters,\n" +
713
+ "numbers and spaces, but are _not_ case sensitive:"),
714
+
715
+ verb("I start my morning with a cup of coffee and\n",
716
+ "[The New York Times][NY Times].\n",
717
+ "\n",
718
+ "[ny times]: http://www.nytimes.com/\n"),
719
+
720
+ para("Output:"),
721
+
722
+ verb("<p>I start my morning with a cup of coffee and\n",
723
+ "<a href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/\">The New York Times</a>.</p>\n"),
724
+
725
+ head(3, "Images"),
726
+
727
+ para("Image syntax is very much like link syntax."),
728
+
729
+ para("Inline (titles are optional):"),
730
+
731
+ verb("![alt text](/path/to/img.jpg \"Title\")\n"),
732
+
733
+ para("Reference-style:"),
734
+
735
+ verb("![alt text][id]\n",
736
+ "\n",
737
+ "[id]: /path/to/img.jpg \"Title\"\n"),
738
+
739
+ para("Both of the above examples produce the same output:"),
740
+
741
+ verb("<img src=\"/path/to/img.jpg\" alt=\"alt text\" title=\"Title\" />\n"),
742
+
743
+ head(3, "Code"),
744
+
745
+ para("In a regular paragraph, you can create code span by wrapping text in\n" +
746
+ "backtick quotes. Any ampersands (<code>&</code>) and angle brackets (<code><</code> or\n" +
747
+ "<code>></code>) will automatically be translated into HTML entities. This makes\n" +
748
+ "it easy to use Markdown to write about HTML example code:"),
749
+
750
+ verb(
751
+ "I strongly recommend against using any `<blink>` tags.\n",
752
+ "\n",
753
+ "I wish SmartyPants used named entities like `&mdash;`\n",
754
+ "instead of decimal-encoded entites like `&#8212;`.\n"),
755
+
756
+ para("Output:"),
757
+
758
+ verb("<p>I strongly recommend against using any\n",
759
+ "<code>&lt;blink&gt;</code> tags.</p>\n",
760
+ "\n",
761
+ "<p>I wish SmartyPants used named entities like\n",
762
+ "<code>&amp;mdash;</code> instead of decimal-encoded\n",
763
+ "entites like <code>&amp;#8212;</code>.</p>\n"),
764
+
765
+ para("To specify an entire block of pre-formatted code, indent every line of\n" +
766
+ "the block by 4 spaces or 1 tab. Just like with code spans, <code>&</code>, <code><</code>,\n" +
767
+ "and <code>></code> characters will be escaped automatically."),
768
+
769
+ para("Markdown:"),
770
+
771
+ verb("If you want your page to validate under XHTML 1.0 Strict,\n",
772
+ "you've got to put paragraph tags in your blockquotes:\n",
773
+ "\n",
774
+ " <blockquote>\n",
775
+ " <p>For example.</p>\n",
776
+ " </blockquote>\n"),
777
+
778
+ para("Output:"),
779
+
780
+ verb("<p>If you want your page to validate under XHTML 1.0 Strict,\n",
781
+ "you've got to put paragraph tags in your blockquotes:</p>\n",
782
+ "\n",
783
+ "<pre><code>&lt;blockquote&gt;\n",
784
+ " &lt;p&gt;For example.&lt;/p&gt;\n",
785
+ "&lt;/blockquote&gt;\n",
786
+ "</code></pre>\n"))
787
+
788
+ assert_equal expected, doc
789
+ end
790
+
791
+ def test_markdown_documentation_syntax
792
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Markdown Documentation - Syntax.text"
793
+
794
+ doc = @parser.parse input
795
+
796
+ expected =
797
+ doc(
798
+ head(1, "Markdown: Syntax"),
799
+
800
+ raw(<<-RAW.chomp),
801
+ <ul id="ProjectSubmenu">
802
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/" title="Markdown Project Page">Main</a></li>
803
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/basics" title="Markdown Basics">Basics</a></li>
804
+ <li><a class="selected" title="Markdown Syntax Documentation">Syntax</a></li>
805
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/license" title="Pricing and License Information">License</a></li>
806
+ <li><a href="/projects/markdown/dingus" title="Online Markdown Web Form">Dingus</a></li>
807
+ </ul>
808
+ RAW
809
+
810
+ list(:BULLET,
811
+ item(nil,
812
+ para("{Overview}[#overview]"),
813
+ list(:BULLET,
814
+ item(nil,
815
+ para("{Philosophy}[#philosophy]")),
816
+ item(nil,
817
+ para("{Inline HTML}[#html]")),
818
+ item(nil,
819
+ para("{Automatic Escaping for Special Characters}[#autoescape]")))),
820
+ item(nil,
821
+ para("{Block Elements}[#block]"),
822
+ list(:BULLET,
823
+ item(nil,
824
+ para("{Paragraphs and Line Breaks}[#p]")),
825
+ item(nil,
826
+ para("{Headers}[#header]")),
827
+ item(nil,
828
+ para("{Blockquotes}[#blockquote]")),
829
+ item(nil,
830
+ para("{Lists}[#list]")),
831
+ item(nil,
832
+ para("{Code Blocks}[#precode]")),
833
+ item(nil,
834
+ para("{Horizontal Rules}[#hr]")))),
835
+ item(nil,
836
+ para("{Span Elements}[#span]"),
837
+ list(:BULLET,
838
+ item(nil,
839
+ para("{Links}[#link]")),
840
+ item(nil,
841
+ para("{Emphasis}[#em]")),
842
+ item(nil,
843
+ para("{Code}[#code]")),
844
+ item(nil,
845
+ para("{Images}[#img]")))),
846
+ item(nil,
847
+ para("{Miscellaneous}[#misc]"),
848
+ list(:BULLET,
849
+ item(nil,
850
+ para("{Backslash Escapes}[#backslash]")),
851
+ item(nil,
852
+ para("{Automatic Links}[#autolink]"))))),
853
+
854
+ para("<b>Note:</b> This document is itself written using Markdown; you\n" +
855
+ "can {see the source for it by adding '.text' to the URL}[/projects/markdown/syntax.text]."),
856
+
857
+ rule(1),
858
+
859
+ raw("<h2 id=\"overview\">Overview</h2>"),
860
+
861
+ raw("<h3 id=\"philosophy\">Philosophy</h3>"),
862
+
863
+ para("Markdown is intended to be as easy-to-read and easy-to-write as is feasible."),
864
+
865
+ para("Readability, however, is emphasized above all else. A Markdown-formatted\n" +
866
+ "document should be publishable as-is, as plain text, without looking\n" +
867
+ "like it's been marked up with tags or formatting instructions. While\n" +
868
+ "Markdown's syntax has been influenced by several existing text-to-HTML\n" +
869
+ "filters -- including {Setext}[http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html], {atx}[http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/], {Textile}[http://textism.com/tools/textile/], {reStructuredText}[http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html],\n" +
870
+ "{Grutatext}[http://www.triptico.com/software/grutatxt.html], and {EtText}[http://ettext.taint.org/doc/] -- the single biggest source of\n" +
871
+ "inspiration for Markdown's syntax is the format of plain text email."),
872
+
873
+ para("To this end, Markdown's syntax is comprised entirely of punctuation\n" +
874
+ "characters, which punctuation characters have been carefully chosen so\n" +
875
+ "as to look like what they mean. E.g., asterisks around a word actually\n" +
876
+ "look like \*emphasis\*. Markdown lists look like, well, lists. Even\n" +
877
+ "blockquotes look like quoted passages of text, assuming you've ever\n" +
878
+ "used email."),
879
+
880
+ raw("<h3 id=\"html\">Inline HTML</h3>"),
881
+
882
+ para("Markdown's syntax is intended for one purpose: to be used as a\n" +
883
+ "format for _writing_ for the web."),
884
+
885
+ para("Markdown is not a replacement for HTML, or even close to it. Its\n" +
886
+ "syntax is very small, corresponding only to a very small subset of\n" +
887
+ "HTML tags. The idea is _not_ to create a syntax that makes it easier\n" +
888
+ "to insert HTML tags. In my opinion, HTML tags are already easy to\n" +
889
+ "insert. The idea for Markdown is to make it easy to read, write, and\n" +
890
+ "edit prose. HTML is a _publishing_ format; Markdown is a _writing_\n" +
891
+ "format. Thus, Markdown's formatting syntax only addresses issues that\n" +
892
+ "can be conveyed in plain text."),
893
+
894
+ para("For any markup that is not covered by Markdown's syntax, you simply\n" +
895
+ "use HTML itself. There's no need to preface it or delimit it to\n" +
896
+ "indicate that you're switching from Markdown to HTML; you just use\n" +
897
+ "the tags."),
898
+
899
+ para("The only restrictions are that block-level HTML elements -- e.g. <code><div></code>,\n" +
900
+ "<code><table></code>, <code><pre></code>, <code><p></code>, etc. -- must be separated from surrounding\n" +
901
+ "content by blank lines, and the start and end tags of the block should\n" +
902
+ "not be indented with tabs or spaces. Markdown is smart enough not\n" +
903
+ "to add extra (unwanted) <code><p></code> tags around HTML block-level tags."),
904
+
905
+ para("For example, to add an HTML table to a Markdown article:"),
906
+
907
+ verb("This is a regular paragraph.\n",
908
+ "\n",
909
+ "<table>\n",
910
+ " <tr>\n",
911
+ " <td>Foo</td>\n",
912
+ " </tr>\n",
913
+ "</table>\n",
914
+ "\n",
915
+ "This is another regular paragraph.\n"),
916
+
917
+ para("Note that Markdown formatting syntax is not processed within block-level\n" +
918
+ "HTML tags. E.g., you can't use Markdown-style <code>*emphasis*</code> inside an\n" +
919
+ "HTML block."),
920
+
921
+ para("Span-level HTML tags -- e.g. <code><span></code>, <code><cite></code>, or <code><del></code> -- can be\n" +
922
+ "used anywhere in a Markdown paragraph, list item, or header. If you\n" +
923
+ "want, you can even use HTML tags instead of Markdown formatting; e.g. if\n" +
924
+ "you'd prefer to use HTML <code><a></code> or <code><img></code> tags instead of Markdown's\n" +
925
+ "link or image syntax, go right ahead."),
926
+
927
+ para("Unlike block-level HTML tags, Markdown syntax _is_ processed within\n" +
928
+ "span-level tags."),
929
+
930
+ raw("<h3 id=\"autoescape\">Automatic Escaping for Special Characters</h3>"),
931
+
932
+ para("In HTML, there are two characters that demand special treatment: <code><</code>\n" +
933
+ "and <code>&</code>. Left angle brackets are used to start tags; ampersands are\n" +
934
+ "used to denote HTML entities. If you want to use them as literal\n" +
935
+ "characters, you must escape them as entities, e.g. <code>&lt;</code>, and\n" +
936
+ "<code>&amp;</code>."),
937
+
938
+ para("Ampersands in particular are bedeviling for web writers. If you want to\n" +
939
+ "write about 'AT&T', you need to write '<code>AT&amp;T</code>'. You even need to\n" +
940
+ "escape ampersands within URLs. Thus, if you want to link to:"),
941
+
942
+ verb("http://images.google.com/images?num=30&q=larry+bird\n"),
943
+
944
+ para("you need to encode the URL as:"),
945
+
946
+ verb("http://images.google.com/images?num=30&amp;q=larry+bird\n"),
947
+
948
+ para("in your anchor tag <code>href</code> attribute. Needless to say, this is easy to\n" +
949
+ "forget, and is probably the single most common source of HTML validation\n" +
950
+ "errors in otherwise well-marked-up web sites."),
951
+
952
+ para("Markdown allows you to use these characters naturally, taking care of\n" +
953
+ "all the necessary escaping for you. If you use an ampersand as part of\n" +
954
+ "an HTML entity, it remains unchanged; otherwise it will be translated\n" +
955
+ "into <code>&amp;</code>."),
956
+
957
+ para("So, if you want to include a copyright symbol in your article, you can write:"),
958
+
959
+ verb("&copy;\n"),
960
+
961
+ para("and Markdown will leave it alone. But if you write:"),
962
+
963
+ verb("AT&T\n"),
964
+
965
+ para("Markdown will translate it to:"),
966
+
967
+ verb("AT&amp;T\n"),
968
+
969
+ para("Similarly, because Markdown supports {inline HTML}[#html], if you use\n" +
970
+ "angle brackets as delimiters for HTML tags, Markdown will treat them as\n" +
971
+ "such. But if you write:"),
972
+
973
+ verb("4 < 5\n"),
974
+
975
+ para("Markdown will translate it to:"),
976
+
977
+ verb("4 &lt; 5\n"),
978
+
979
+ para("However, inside Markdown code spans and blocks, angle brackets and\n" +
980
+ "ampersands are _always_ encoded automatically. This makes it easy to use\n" +
981
+ "Markdown to write about HTML code. (As opposed to raw HTML, which is a\n" +
982
+ "terrible format for writing about HTML syntax, because every single <code><</code>\n" +
983
+ "and <code>&</code> in your example code needs to be escaped.)"),
984
+
985
+ rule(1),
986
+
987
+ raw("<h2 id=\"block\">Block Elements</h2>"),
988
+
989
+ raw("<h3 id=\"p\">Paragraphs and Line Breaks</h3>"),
990
+
991
+ para("A paragraph is simply one or more consecutive lines of text, separated\n" +
992
+ "by one or more blank lines. (A blank line is any line that looks like a\n" +
993
+ "blank line -- a line containing nothing but spaces or tabs is considered\n" +
994
+ "blank.) Normal paragraphs should not be intended with spaces or tabs."),
995
+
996
+ para("The implication of the \"one or more consecutive lines of text\" rule is\n" +
997
+ "that Markdown supports \"hard-wrapped\" text paragraphs. This differs\n" +
998
+ "significantly from most other text-to-HTML formatters (including Movable\n" +
999
+ "Type's \"Convert Line Breaks\" option) which translate every line break\n" +
1000
+ "character in a paragraph into a <code><br /></code> tag."),
1001
+
1002
+ para("When you _do_ want to insert a <code><br /></code> break tag using Markdown, you\n" +
1003
+ "end a line with two or more spaces, then type return."),
1004
+
1005
+ para("Yes, this takes a tad more effort to create a <code><br /></code>, but a simplistic\n" +
1006
+ "\"every line break is a <code><br /></code>\" rule wouldn't work for Markdown.\n" +
1007
+ "Markdown's email-style {blockquoting}[#blockquote] and multi-paragraph {list items}[#list]\n" +
1008
+ "work best -- and look better -- when you format them with hard breaks."),
1009
+
1010
+ raw("<h3 id=\"header\">Headers</h3>"),
1011
+
1012
+ para("Markdown supports two styles of headers, {Setext}[http://docutils.sourceforge.net/mirror/setext.html] and {atx}[http://www.aaronsw.com/2002/atx/]."),
1013
+
1014
+ para("Setext-style headers are \"underlined\" using equal signs (for first-level\n" +
1015
+ "headers) and dashes (for second-level headers). For example:"),
1016
+
1017
+ verb("This is an H1\n",
1018
+ "=============\n",
1019
+ "\n",
1020
+ "This is an H2\n",
1021
+ "-------------\n"),
1022
+
1023
+ para("Any number of underlining <code>=</code>'s or <code>-</code>'s will work."),
1024
+
1025
+ para("Atx-style headers use 1-6 hash characters at the start of the line,\n" +
1026
+ "corresponding to header levels 1-6. For example:"),
1027
+
1028
+ verb("# This is an H1\n",
1029
+ "\n",
1030
+ "## This is an H2\n",
1031
+ "\n",
1032
+ "###### This is an H6\n"),
1033
+
1034
+ para("Optionally, you may \"close\" atx-style headers. This is purely\n" +
1035
+ "cosmetic -- you can use this if you think it looks better. The\n" +
1036
+ "closing hashes don't even need to match the number of hashes\n" +
1037
+ "used to open the header. (The number of opening hashes\n" +
1038
+ "determines the header level.) :"),
1039
+
1040
+ verb("# This is an H1 #\n",
1041
+ "\n",
1042
+ "## This is an H2 ##\n",
1043
+ "\n",
1044
+ "### This is an H3 ######\n"),
1045
+
1046
+ raw("<h3 id=\"blockquote\">Blockquotes</h3>"),
1047
+
1048
+ para(
1049
+ "Markdown uses email-style <code>></code> characters for blockquoting. If you're\n" +
1050
+ "familiar with quoting passages of text in an email message, then you\n" +
1051
+ "know how to create a blockquote in Markdown. It looks best if you hard\n" +
1052
+ "wrap the text and put a <code>></code> before every line:"),
1053
+
1054
+ verb("> This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,\n",
1055
+ "> consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.\n",
1056
+ "> Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.\n",
1057
+ "> \n",
1058
+ "> Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse\n",
1059
+ "> id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.\n"),
1060
+
1061
+ para("Markdown allows you to be lazy and only put the <code>></code> before the first\n" +
1062
+ "line of a hard-wrapped paragraph:"),
1063
+
1064
+ verb("> This is a blockquote with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,\n",
1065
+ "consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus.\n",
1066
+ "Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.\n",
1067
+ "\n",
1068
+ "> Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit. Suspendisse\n",
1069
+ "id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.\n"),
1070
+
1071
+ para("Blockquotes can be nested (i.e. a blockquote-in-a-blockquote) by\n" +
1072
+ "adding additional levels of <code>></code>:"),
1073
+
1074
+ verb("> This is the first level of quoting.\n",
1075
+ ">\n",
1076
+ "> > This is nested blockquote.\n",
1077
+ ">\n",
1078
+ "> Back to the first level.\n"),
1079
+
1080
+ para("Blockquotes can contain other Markdown elements, including headers, lists,\n" +
1081
+ "and code blocks:"),
1082
+
1083
+ verb("> ## This is a header.\n",
1084
+ "> \n",
1085
+ "> 1. This is the first list item.\n",
1086
+ "> 2. This is the second list item.\n",
1087
+ "> \n",
1088
+ "> Here's some example code:\n",
1089
+ "> \n",
1090
+ "> return shell_exec(\"echo $input | $markdown_script\");\n"),
1091
+
1092
+ para("Any decent text editor should make email-style quoting easy. For\n" +
1093
+ "example, with BBEdit, you can make a selection and choose Increase\n" +
1094
+ "Quote Level from the Text menu."),
1095
+
1096
+ raw("<h3 id=\"list\">Lists</h3>"),
1097
+
1098
+ para("Markdown supports ordered (numbered) and unordered (bulleted) lists."),
1099
+
1100
+ para("Unordered lists use asterisks, pluses, and hyphens -- interchangably\n" +
1101
+ "-- as list markers:"),
1102
+
1103
+ verb("* Red\n",
1104
+ "* Green\n",
1105
+ "* Blue\n"),
1106
+
1107
+ para("is equivalent to:"),
1108
+
1109
+ verb("+ Red\n",
1110
+ "+ Green\n",
1111
+ "+ Blue\n"),
1112
+
1113
+ para("and:"),
1114
+
1115
+ verb("- Red\n",
1116
+ "- Green\n",
1117
+ "- Blue\n"),
1118
+
1119
+ para("Ordered lists use numbers followed by periods:"),
1120
+
1121
+ verb("1. Bird\n",
1122
+ "2. McHale\n",
1123
+ "3. Parish\n"),
1124
+
1125
+ para("It's important to note that the actual numbers you use to mark the\n" +
1126
+ "list have no effect on the HTML output Markdown produces. The HTML\n" +
1127
+ "Markdown produces from the above list is:"),
1128
+
1129
+ verb("<ol>\n",
1130
+ "<li>Bird</li>\n",
1131
+ "<li>McHale</li>\n",
1132
+ "<li>Parish</li>\n",
1133
+ "</ol>\n"),
1134
+
1135
+ para("If you instead wrote the list in Markdown like this:"),
1136
+
1137
+ verb("1. Bird\n",
1138
+ "1. McHale\n",
1139
+ "1. Parish\n"),
1140
+
1141
+ para("or even:"),
1142
+
1143
+ verb("3. Bird\n",
1144
+ "1. McHale\n",
1145
+ "8. Parish\n"),
1146
+
1147
+ para("you'd get the exact same HTML output. The point is, if you want to,\n" +
1148
+ "you can use ordinal numbers in your ordered Markdown lists, so that\n" +
1149
+ "the numbers in your source match the numbers in your published HTML.\n" +
1150
+ "But if you want to be lazy, you don't have to."),
1151
+
1152
+ para("If you do use lazy list numbering, however, you should still start the\n" +
1153
+ "list with the number 1. At some point in the future, Markdown may support\n" +
1154
+ "starting ordered lists at an arbitrary number."),
1155
+
1156
+ para("List markers typically start at the left margin, but may be indented by\n" +
1157
+ "up to three spaces. List markers must be followed by one or more spaces\n" +
1158
+ "or a tab."),
1159
+
1160
+ para("To make lists look nice, you can wrap items with hanging indents:"),
1161
+
1162
+ verb("* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.\n",
1163
+ " Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,\n",
1164
+ " viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.\n",
1165
+ "* Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.\n",
1166
+ " Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.\n"),
1167
+
1168
+ para("But if you want to be lazy, you don't have to:"),
1169
+
1170
+ verb("* Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.\n",
1171
+ "Aliquam hendrerit mi posuere lectus. Vestibulum enim wisi,\n",
1172
+ "viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet vitae, risus.\n",
1173
+ "* Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum sit amet velit.\n",
1174
+ "Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.\n"),
1175
+
1176
+ para("If list items are separated by blank lines, Markdown will wrap the\n" +
1177
+ "items in <code><p></code> tags in the HTML output. For example, this input:"),
1178
+
1179
+ verb("* Bird\n",
1180
+ "* Magic\n"),
1181
+
1182
+ para("will turn into:"),
1183
+
1184
+ verb("<ul>\n",
1185
+ "<li>Bird</li>\n",
1186
+ "<li>Magic</li>\n",
1187
+ "</ul>\n"),
1188
+
1189
+ para("But this:"),
1190
+
1191
+ verb("* Bird\n",
1192
+ "\n",
1193
+ "* Magic\n"),
1194
+
1195
+ para("will turn into:"),
1196
+
1197
+ verb("<ul>\n",
1198
+ "<li><p>Bird</p></li>\n",
1199
+ "<li><p>Magic</p></li>\n",
1200
+ "</ul>\n"),
1201
+
1202
+ para("List items may consist of multiple paragraphs. Each subsequent\n" +
1203
+ "paragraph in a list item must be intended by either 4 spaces\n" +
1204
+ "or one tab:"),
1205
+
1206
+ verb("1. This is a list item with two paragraphs. Lorem ipsum dolor\n",
1207
+ " sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aliquam hendrerit\n",
1208
+ " mi posuere lectus.\n",
1209
+ "\n",
1210
+ " Vestibulum enim wisi, viverra nec, fringilla in, laoreet\n",
1211
+ " vitae, risus. Donec sit amet nisl. Aliquam semper ipsum\n",
1212
+ " sit amet velit.\n",
1213
+ "\n",
1214
+ "2. Suspendisse id sem consectetuer libero luctus adipiscing.\n"),
1215
+
1216
+ para("It looks nice if you indent every line of the subsequent\n" +
1217
+ "paragraphs, but here again, Markdown will allow you to be\n" +
1218
+ "lazy:"),
1219
+
1220
+ verb("* This is a list item with two paragraphs.\n",
1221
+ "\n",
1222
+ " This is the second paragraph in the list item. You're\n",
1223
+ "only required to indent the first line. Lorem ipsum dolor\n",
1224
+ "sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit.\n",
1225
+ "\n",
1226
+ "* Another item in the same list.\n"),
1227
+
1228
+ para("To put a blockquote within a list item, the blockquote's <code>></code>\n" +
1229
+ "delimiters need to be indented:"),
1230
+
1231
+ verb("* A list item with a blockquote:\n",
1232
+ "\n",
1233
+ " > This is a blockquote\n",
1234
+ " > inside a list item.\n"),
1235
+
1236
+ para(
1237
+ "To put a code block within a list item, the code block needs\n" +
1238
+ "to be indented _twice_ -- 8 spaces or two tabs:"),
1239
+
1240
+ verb("* A list item with a code block:\n",
1241
+ "\n",
1242
+ " <code goes here>\n"),
1243
+
1244
+ para("It's worth noting that it's possible to trigger an ordered list by\n" +
1245
+ "accident, by writing something like this:"),
1246
+
1247
+ verb("1986. What a great season.\n"),
1248
+
1249
+ para("In other words, a <em>number-period-space</em> sequence at the beginning of a\n" +
1250
+ "line. To avoid this, you can backslash-escape the period:"),
1251
+
1252
+ verb("1986\\. What a great season.\n"),
1253
+
1254
+ raw("<h3 id=\"precode\">Code Blocks</h3>"),
1255
+
1256
+ para("Pre-formatted code blocks are used for writing about programming or\n" +
1257
+ "markup source code. Rather than forming normal paragraphs, the lines\n" +
1258
+ "of a code block are interpreted literally. Markdown wraps a code block\n" +
1259
+ "in both <code><pre></code> and <code><code></code> tags."),
1260
+
1261
+ para("To produce a code block in Markdown, simply indent every line of the\n" +
1262
+ "block by at least 4 spaces or 1 tab. For example, given this input:"),
1263
+
1264
+ verb("This is a normal paragraph:\n",
1265
+ "\n",
1266
+ " This is a code block.\n"),
1267
+
1268
+ para("Markdown will generate:"),
1269
+
1270
+ verb("<p>This is a normal paragraph:</p>\n",
1271
+ "\n",
1272
+ "<pre><code>This is a code block.\n",
1273
+ "</code></pre>\n"),
1274
+
1275
+ para("One level of indentation -- 4 spaces or 1 tab -- is removed from each\n" +
1276
+ "line of the code block. For example, this:"),
1277
+
1278
+ verb("Here is an example of AppleScript:\n",
1279
+ "\n",
1280
+ " tell application \"Foo\"\n",
1281
+ " beep\n",
1282
+ " end tell\n"),
1283
+
1284
+ para("will turn into:"),
1285
+
1286
+ verb("<p>Here is an example of AppleScript:</p>\n",
1287
+ "\n",
1288
+ "<pre><code>tell application \"Foo\"\n",
1289
+ " beep\n",
1290
+ "end tell\n",
1291
+ "</code></pre>\n"),
1292
+
1293
+ para("A code block continues until it reaches a line that is not indented\n" +
1294
+ "(or the end of the article)."),
1295
+
1296
+ para("Within a code block, ampersands (<code>&</code>) and angle brackets (<code><</code> and <code>></code>)\n" +
1297
+ "are automatically converted into HTML entities. This makes it very\n" +
1298
+ "easy to include example HTML source code using Markdown -- just paste\n" +
1299
+ "it and indent it, and Markdown will handle the hassle of encoding the\n" +
1300
+ "ampersands and angle brackets. For example, this:"),
1301
+
1302
+ verb(" <div class=\"footer\">\n",
1303
+ " &copy; 2004 Foo Corporation\n",
1304
+ " </div>\n"),
1305
+
1306
+ para("will turn into:"),
1307
+
1308
+ verb("<pre><code>&lt;div class=\"footer\"&gt;\n",
1309
+ " &amp;copy; 2004 Foo Corporation\n",
1310
+ "&lt;/div&gt;\n",
1311
+ "</code></pre>\n"),
1312
+
1313
+ para("Regular Markdown syntax is not processed within code blocks. E.g.,\n" +
1314
+ "asterisks are just literal asterisks within a code block. This means\n" +
1315
+ "it's also easy to use Markdown to write about Markdown's own syntax."),
1316
+
1317
+ raw("<h3 id=\"hr\">Horizontal Rules</h3>"),
1318
+
1319
+ para("You can produce a horizontal rule tag (<code><hr /></code>) by placing three or\n" +
1320
+ "more hyphens, asterisks, or underscores on a line by themselves. If you\n" +
1321
+ "wish, you may use spaces between the hyphens or asterisks. Each of the\n" +
1322
+ "following lines will produce a horizontal rule:"),
1323
+
1324
+ verb("* * *\n",
1325
+ "\n",
1326
+ "***\n",
1327
+ "\n",
1328
+ "*****\n",
1329
+ "\n",
1330
+ "- - -\n",
1331
+ "\n",
1332
+ "---------------------------------------\n",
1333
+ "\n",
1334
+ "_ _ _\n"),
1335
+
1336
+ rule(1),
1337
+
1338
+ raw("<h2 id=\"span\">Span Elements</h2>"),
1339
+
1340
+ raw("<h3 id=\"link\">Links</h3>"),
1341
+
1342
+ para("Markdown supports two style of links: _inline_ and _reference_."),
1343
+
1344
+ para("In both styles, the link text is delimited by [square brackets]."),
1345
+
1346
+ para("To create an inline link, use a set of regular parentheses immediately\n" +
1347
+ "after the link text's closing square bracket. Inside the parentheses,\n" +
1348
+ "put the URL where you want the link to point, along with an _optional_\n" +
1349
+ "title for the link, surrounded in quotes. For example:"),
1350
+
1351
+ verb("This is [an example](http://example.com/ \"Title\") inline link.\n",
1352
+ "\n",
1353
+ "[This link](http://example.net/) has no title attribute.\n"),
1354
+
1355
+ para("Will produce:"),
1356
+
1357
+ verb("<p>This is <a href=\"http://example.com/\" title=\"Title\">\n",
1358
+ "an example</a> inline link.</p>\n",
1359
+ "\n",
1360
+ "<p><a href=\"http://example.net/\">This link</a> has no\n",
1361
+ "title attribute.</p>\n"),
1362
+
1363
+ para("If you're referring to a local resource on the same server, you can\n" +
1364
+ "use relative paths:"),
1365
+
1366
+ verb("See my [About](/about/) page for details.\n"),
1367
+
1368
+ para("Reference-style links use a second set of square brackets, inside\n" +
1369
+ "which you place a label of your choosing to identify the link:"),
1370
+
1371
+ verb("This is [an example][id] reference-style link.\n"),
1372
+
1373
+ para("You can optionally use a space to separate the sets of brackets:"),
1374
+
1375
+ verb("This is [an example] [id] reference-style link.\n"),
1376
+
1377
+ para("Then, anywhere in the document, you define your link label like this,\n" +
1378
+ "on a line by itself:"),
1379
+
1380
+ verb("[id]: http://example.com/ \"Optional Title Here\"\n"),
1381
+
1382
+ para("That is:"),
1383
+
1384
+ list(:BULLET,
1385
+ item(nil,
1386
+ para("Square brackets containing the link identifier (optionally\n" +
1387
+ "indented from the left margin using up to three spaces);")),
1388
+ item(nil,
1389
+ para("followed by a colon;")),
1390
+ item(nil,
1391
+ para("followed by one or more spaces (or tabs);")),
1392
+ item(nil,
1393
+ para("followed by the URL for the link;")),
1394
+ item(nil,
1395
+ para("optionally followed by a title attribute for the link, enclosed\n" +
1396
+ "in double or single quotes."))),
1397
+
1398
+ para("The link URL may, optionally, be surrounded by angle brackets:"),
1399
+
1400
+ verb("[id]: <http://example.com/> \"Optional Title Here\"\n"),
1401
+
1402
+ para("You can put the title attribute on the next line and use extra spaces\n" +
1403
+ "or tabs for padding, which tends to look better with longer URLs:"),
1404
+
1405
+ verb("[id]: http://example.com/longish/path/to/resource/here\n",
1406
+ " \"Optional Title Here\"\n"),
1407
+
1408
+ para("Link definitions are only used for creating links during Markdown\n" +
1409
+ "processing, and are stripped from your document in the HTML output."),
1410
+
1411
+ para("Link definition names may constist of letters, numbers, spaces, and punctuation -- but they are _not_ case sensitive. E.g. these two links:"),
1412
+
1413
+ verb("[link text][a]\n",
1414
+ "[link text][A]\n"),
1415
+
1416
+ para("are equivalent."),
1417
+
1418
+ para("The <em>implicit link name</em> shortcut allows you to omit the name of the\n" +
1419
+ "link, in which case the link text itself is used as the name.\n" +
1420
+ "Just use an empty set of square brackets -- e.g., to link the word\n" +
1421
+ "\"Google\" to the google.com web site, you could simply write:"),
1422
+
1423
+ verb("[Google][]\n"),
1424
+
1425
+ para("And then define the link:"),
1426
+
1427
+ verb("[Google]: http://google.com/\n"),
1428
+
1429
+ para("Because link names may contain spaces, this shortcut even works for\n" +
1430
+ "multiple words in the link text:"),
1431
+
1432
+
1433
+ verb("Visit [Daring Fireball][] for more information.\n"),
1434
+
1435
+ para("And then define the link:"),
1436
+
1437
+ verb("[Daring Fireball]: http://daringfireball.net/\n"),
1438
+
1439
+ para("Link definitions can be placed anywhere in your Markdown document. I\n" +
1440
+ "tend to put them immediately after each paragraph in which they're\n" +
1441
+ "used, but if you want, you can put them all at the end of your\n" +
1442
+ "document, sort of like footnotes."),
1443
+
1444
+ para("Here's an example of reference links in action:"),
1445
+
1446
+ verb("I get 10 times more traffic from [Google] [1] than from\n",
1447
+ "[Yahoo] [2] or [MSN] [3].\n",
1448
+ "\n",
1449
+ " [1]: http://google.com/ \"Google\"\n",
1450
+ " [2]: http://search.yahoo.com/ \"Yahoo Search\"\n",
1451
+ " [3]: http://search.msn.com/ \"MSN Search\"\n"),
1452
+
1453
+ para("Using the implicit link name shortcut, you could instead write:"),
1454
+
1455
+ verb("I get 10 times more traffic from [Google][] than from\n",
1456
+ "[Yahoo][] or [MSN][].\n",
1457
+ "\n",
1458
+ " [google]: http://google.com/ \"Google\"\n",
1459
+ " [yahoo]: http://search.yahoo.com/ \"Yahoo Search\"\n",
1460
+ " [msn]: http://search.msn.com/ \"MSN Search\"\n"),
1461
+
1462
+ para("Both of the above examples will produce the following HTML output:"),
1463
+
1464
+ verb("<p>I get 10 times more traffic from <a href=\"http://google.com/\"\n",
1465
+ "title=\"Google\">Google</a> than from\n",
1466
+ "<a href=\"http://search.yahoo.com/\" title=\"Yahoo Search\">Yahoo</a>\n",
1467
+ "or <a href=\"http://search.msn.com/\" title=\"MSN Search\">MSN</a>.</p>\n"),
1468
+
1469
+ para("For comparison, here is the same paragraph written using\n" +
1470
+ "Markdown's inline link style:"),
1471
+
1472
+ verb("I get 10 times more traffic from [Google](http://google.com/ \"Google\")\n",
1473
+ "than from [Yahoo](http://search.yahoo.com/ \"Yahoo Search\") or\n",
1474
+ "[MSN](http://search.msn.com/ \"MSN Search\").\n"),
1475
+
1476
+ para("The point of reference-style links is not that they're easier to\n" +
1477
+ "write. The point is that with reference-style links, your document\n" +
1478
+ "source is vastly more readable. Compare the above examples: using\n" +
1479
+ "reference-style links, the paragraph itself is only 81 characters\n" +
1480
+ "long; with inline-style links, it's 176 characters; and as raw HTML,\n" +
1481
+ "it's 234 characters. In the raw HTML, there's more markup than there\n" +
1482
+ "is text."),
1483
+
1484
+ para("With Markdown's reference-style links, a source document much more\n" +
1485
+ "closely resembles the final output, as rendered in a browser. By\n" +
1486
+ "allowing you to move the markup-related metadata out of the paragraph,\n" +
1487
+ "you can add links without interrupting the narrative flow of your\n" +
1488
+ "prose."),
1489
+
1490
+ raw("<h3 id=\"em\">Emphasis</h3>"),
1491
+
1492
+ para("Markdown treats asterisks (<code>*</code>) and underscores (<code>_</code>) as indicators of\n" +
1493
+ "emphasis. Text wrapped with one <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> will be wrapped with an\n" +
1494
+ "HTML <code><em></code> tag; double <code>*</code>'s or <code>_</code>'s will be wrapped with an HTML\n" +
1495
+ "<code><strong></code> tag. E.g., this input:"),
1496
+
1497
+ verb("*single asterisks*\n",
1498
+ "\n",
1499
+ "_single underscores_\n",
1500
+ "\n",
1501
+ "**double asterisks**\n",
1502
+ "\n",
1503
+ "__double underscores__\n"),
1504
+
1505
+ para("will produce:"),
1506
+
1507
+ verb("<em>single asterisks</em>\n",
1508
+ "\n",
1509
+ "<em>single underscores</em>\n",
1510
+ "\n",
1511
+ "<strong>double asterisks</strong>\n",
1512
+ "\n",
1513
+ "<strong>double underscores</strong>\n"),
1514
+
1515
+ para("You can use whichever style you prefer; the lone restriction is that\n" +
1516
+ "the same character must be used to open and close an emphasis span."),
1517
+
1518
+ para("Emphasis can be used in the middle of a word:"),
1519
+
1520
+ verb("un*fucking*believable\n"),
1521
+
1522
+ para("But if you surround an <code>*</code> or <code>_</code> with spaces, it'll be treated as a\n" +
1523
+ "literal asterisk or underscore."),
1524
+
1525
+ para("To produce a literal asterisk or underscore at a position where it\n" +
1526
+ "would otherwise be used as an emphasis delimiter, you can backslash\n" +
1527
+ "escape it:"),
1528
+
1529
+ verb("\\*this text is surrounded by literal asterisks\\*\n"),
1530
+
1531
+ raw("<h3 id=\"code\">Code</h3>"),
1532
+
1533
+ para("To indicate a span of code, wrap it with backtick quotes (<code>`</code>).\n" +
1534
+ "Unlike a pre-formatted code block, a code span indicates code within a\n" +
1535
+ "normal paragraph. For example:"),
1536
+
1537
+ verb("Use the `printf()` function.\n"),
1538
+
1539
+ para("will produce:"),
1540
+
1541
+ verb("<p>Use the <code>printf()</code> function.</p>\n"),
1542
+
1543
+ para("To include a literal backtick character within a code span, you can use\n" +
1544
+ "multiple backticks as the opening and closing delimiters:"),
1545
+
1546
+ verb("``There is a literal backtick (`) here.``\n"),
1547
+
1548
+ para("which will produce this:"),
1549
+
1550
+ verb("<p><code>There is a literal backtick (`) here.</code></p>\n"),
1551
+
1552
+ para("The backtick delimiters surrounding a code span may include spaces --\n" +
1553
+ "one after the opening, one before the closing. This allows you to place\n" +
1554
+ "literal backtick characters at the beginning or end of a code span:"),
1555
+
1556
+ verb("A single backtick in a code span: `` ` ``\n",
1557
+ "\n",
1558
+ "A backtick-delimited string in a code span: `` `foo` ``\n"),
1559
+
1560
+ para("will produce:"),
1561
+
1562
+ verb("<p>A single backtick in a code span: <code>`</code></p>\n",
1563
+ "\n",
1564
+ "<p>A backtick-delimited string in a code span: <code>`foo`</code></p>\n"),
1565
+
1566
+ para("With a code span, ampersands and angle brackets are encoded as HTML\n" +
1567
+ "entities automatically, which makes it easy to include example HTML\n" +
1568
+ "tags. Markdown will turn this:"),
1569
+
1570
+ verb("Please don't use any `<blink>` tags.\n"),
1571
+
1572
+ para("into:"),
1573
+
1574
+ verb("<p>Please don't use any <code>&lt;blink&gt;</code> tags.</p>\n"),
1575
+
1576
+ para("You can write this:"),
1577
+
1578
+ verb("`&#8212;` is the decimal-encoded equivalent of `&mdash;`.\n"),
1579
+
1580
+ para("to produce:"),
1581
+
1582
+ verb( "<p><code>&amp;#8212;</code> is the decimal-encoded\n",
1583
+ "equivalent of <code>&amp;mdash;</code>.</p>\n"),
1584
+
1585
+ raw("<h3 id=\"img\">Images</h3>"),
1586
+
1587
+ para("Admittedly, it's fairly difficult to devise a \"natural\" syntax for\n" +
1588
+ "placing images into a plain text document format."),
1589
+
1590
+ para("Markdown uses an image syntax that is intended to resemble the syntax\n" +
1591
+ "for links, allowing for two styles: _inline_ and _reference_."),
1592
+
1593
+ para("Inline image syntax looks like this:"),
1594
+
1595
+ verb("![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg)\n",
1596
+ "\n",
1597
+ "![Alt text](/path/to/img.jpg \"Optional title\")\n"),
1598
+
1599
+ para("That is:"),
1600
+
1601
+ list(:BULLET,
1602
+ item(nil,
1603
+ para("An exclamation mark: <code>!</code>;")),
1604
+ item(nil,
1605
+ para("followed by a set of square brackets, containing the <code>alt</code>\n" +
1606
+ "attribute text for the image;")),
1607
+ item(nil,
1608
+ para("followed by a set of parentheses, containing the URL or path to\n" +
1609
+ "the image, and an optional <code>title</code> attribute enclosed in double\n" +
1610
+ "or single quotes."))),
1611
+
1612
+ para("Reference-style image syntax looks like this:"),
1613
+
1614
+ verb("![Alt text][id]\n"),
1615
+
1616
+ para("Where \"id\" is the name of a defined image reference. Image references\n" +
1617
+ "are defined using syntax identical to link references:"),
1618
+
1619
+ verb("[id]: url/to/image \"Optional title attribute\"\n"),
1620
+
1621
+ para("As of this writing, Markdown has no syntax for specifying the\n" +
1622
+ "dimensions of an image; if this is important to you, you can simply\n" +
1623
+ "use regular HTML <code><img></code> tags."),
1624
+
1625
+ rule(1),
1626
+
1627
+ raw("<h2 id=\"misc\">Miscellaneous</h2>"),
1628
+
1629
+ raw("<h3 id=\"autolink\">Automatic Links</h3>"),
1630
+
1631
+ para("Markdown supports a shortcut style for creating \"automatic\" links for URLs and email addresses: simply surround the URL or email address with angle brackets. What this means is that if you want to show the actual text of a URL or email address, and also have it be a clickable link, you can do this:"),
1632
+
1633
+ verb("<http://example.com/>\n"),
1634
+
1635
+ para("Markdown will turn this into:"),
1636
+
1637
+ verb("<a href=\"http://example.com/\">http://example.com/</a>\n"),
1638
+
1639
+ para("Automatic links for email addresses work similarly, except that\n" +
1640
+ "Markdown will also perform a bit of randomized decimal and hex\n" +
1641
+ "entity-encoding to help obscure your address from address-harvesting\n" +
1642
+ "spambots. For example, Markdown will turn this:"),
1643
+
1644
+ verb("<address@example.com>\n"),
1645
+
1646
+ para("into something like this:"),
1647
+
1648
+ verb("<a href=\"&#x6D;&#x61;i&#x6C;&#x74;&#x6F;:&#x61;&#x64;&#x64;&#x72;&#x65;\n",
1649
+ "&#115;&#115;&#64;&#101;&#120;&#x61;&#109;&#x70;&#x6C;e&#x2E;&#99;&#111;\n",
1650
+ "&#109;\">&#x61;&#x64;&#x64;&#x72;&#x65;&#115;&#115;&#64;&#101;&#120;&#x61;\n",
1651
+ "&#109;&#x70;&#x6C;e&#x2E;&#99;&#111;&#109;</a>\n"),
1652
+
1653
+ para("which will render in a browser as a clickable link to \"address@example.com\"."),
1654
+
1655
+ para("(This sort of entity-encoding trick will indeed fool many, if not\n" +
1656
+ "most, address-harvesting bots, but it definitely won't fool all of\n" +
1657
+ "them. It's better than nothing, but an address published in this way\n" +
1658
+ "will probably eventually start receiving spam.)"),
1659
+
1660
+ raw("<h3 id=\"backslash\">Backslash Escapes</h3>"),
1661
+
1662
+ para("Markdown allows you to use backslash escapes to generate literal\n" +
1663
+ "characters which would otherwise have special meaning in Markdown's\n" +
1664
+ "formatting syntax. For example, if you wanted to surround a word with\n" +
1665
+ "literal asterisks (instead of an HTML <code><em></code> tag), you can backslashes\n" +
1666
+ "before the asterisks, like this:"),
1667
+
1668
+ verb("\\*literal asterisks\\*\n"),
1669
+
1670
+ para("Markdown provides backslash escapes for the following characters:"),
1671
+
1672
+ verb("\\ backslash\n",
1673
+ "` backtick\n",
1674
+ "* asterisk\n",
1675
+ "_ underscore\n",
1676
+ "{} curly braces\n",
1677
+ "[] square brackets\n",
1678
+ "() parentheses\n",
1679
+ "# hash mark\n",
1680
+ "+ plus sign\n",
1681
+ "- minus sign (hyphen)\n",
1682
+ ". dot\n",
1683
+ "! exclamation mark\n"))
1684
+
1685
+ assert_equal expected, doc
1686
+ end
1687
+
1688
+ def test_nested_blockquotes
1689
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Nested blockquotes.text"
1690
+
1691
+ doc = @parser.parse input
1692
+
1693
+ expected =
1694
+ doc(
1695
+ block(
1696
+ para("foo"),
1697
+ block(
1698
+ para("bar")),
1699
+ para("foo")))
1700
+
1701
+ assert_equal expected, doc
1702
+ end
1703
+
1704
+ def test_ordered_and_unordered_lists
1705
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Ordered and unordered lists.text"
1706
+
1707
+ doc = @parser.parse input
1708
+
1709
+ expected =
1710
+ doc(
1711
+ head(2, 'Unordered'),
1712
+
1713
+ para('Asterisks tight:'),
1714
+ list(:BULLET,
1715
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 1")),
1716
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 2")),
1717
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 3"))),
1718
+ para('Asterisks loose:'),
1719
+ list(:BULLET,
1720
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 1")),
1721
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 2")),
1722
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 3"))),
1723
+
1724
+ rule(1),
1725
+
1726
+ para("Pluses tight:"),
1727
+ list(:BULLET,
1728
+ item(nil, para("Plus 1")),
1729
+ item(nil, para("Plus 2")),
1730
+ item(nil, para("Plus 3"))),
1731
+ para("Pluses loose:"),
1732
+ list(:BULLET,
1733
+ item(nil, para("Plus 1")),
1734
+ item(nil, para("Plus 2")),
1735
+ item(nil, para("Plus 3"))),
1736
+
1737
+ rule(1),
1738
+
1739
+ para("Minuses tight:"),
1740
+ list(:BULLET,
1741
+ item(nil, para("Minus 1")),
1742
+ item(nil, para("Minus 2")),
1743
+ item(nil, para("Minus 3"))),
1744
+ para("Minuses loose:"),
1745
+ list(:BULLET,
1746
+ item(nil, para("Minus 1")),
1747
+ item(nil, para("Minus 2")),
1748
+ item(nil, para("Minus 3"))),
1749
+
1750
+ head(2, "Ordered"),
1751
+
1752
+ para("Tight:"),
1753
+ list(:NUMBER,
1754
+ item(nil, para("First")),
1755
+ item(nil, para("Second")),
1756
+ item(nil, para("Third"))),
1757
+ para("and:"),
1758
+ list(:NUMBER,
1759
+ item(nil, para("One")),
1760
+ item(nil, para("Two")),
1761
+ item(nil, para("Three"))),
1762
+
1763
+ para("Loose using tabs:"),
1764
+ list(:NUMBER,
1765
+ item(nil, para("First")),
1766
+ item(nil, para("Second")),
1767
+ item(nil, para("Third"))),
1768
+ para("and using spaces:"),
1769
+ list(:NUMBER,
1770
+ item(nil, para("One")),
1771
+ item(nil, para("Two")),
1772
+ item(nil, para("Three"))),
1773
+
1774
+ para("Multiple paragraphs:"),
1775
+ list(:NUMBER,
1776
+ item(nil,
1777
+ para("Item 1, graf one."),
1778
+ para("Item 2. graf two. The quick brown fox " +
1779
+ "jumped over the lazy dog's\nback.")),
1780
+ item(nil, para("Item 2.")),
1781
+ item(nil, para("Item 3."))),
1782
+
1783
+ head(2, "Nested"),
1784
+ list(:BULLET,
1785
+ item(nil,
1786
+ para("Tab"),
1787
+ list(:BULLET,
1788
+ item(nil,
1789
+ para("Tab"),
1790
+ list(:BULLET,
1791
+ item(nil,
1792
+ para("Tab"))))))),
1793
+
1794
+ para("Here's another:"),
1795
+ list(:NUMBER,
1796
+ item(nil, para("First")),
1797
+ item(nil, para("Second:"),
1798
+ list(:BULLET,
1799
+ item(nil, para("Fee")),
1800
+ item(nil, para("Fie")),
1801
+ item(nil, para("Foe")))),
1802
+ item(nil, para("Third"))),
1803
+
1804
+ para("Same thing but with paragraphs:"),
1805
+ list(:NUMBER,
1806
+ item(nil, para("First")),
1807
+ item(nil, para("Second:"),
1808
+ list(:BULLET,
1809
+ item(nil, para("Fee")),
1810
+ item(nil, para("Fie")),
1811
+ item(nil, para("Foe")))),
1812
+ item(nil, para("Third"))),
1813
+
1814
+ para("This was an error in Markdown 1.0.1:"),
1815
+ list(:BULLET,
1816
+ item(nil,
1817
+ para("this"),
1818
+ list(:BULLET,
1819
+ item(nil, para("sub"))),
1820
+ para("that"))))
1821
+
1822
+ assert_equal expected, doc
1823
+ end
1824
+
1825
+ def test_strong_and_em_together
1826
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Strong and em together.text"
1827
+
1828
+ doc = @parser.parse input
1829
+
1830
+ expected =
1831
+ doc(
1832
+ para("<b><em>This is strong and em.</em></b>"),
1833
+ para("So is <b>_this_</b> word."),
1834
+ para("<b><em>This is strong and em.</em></b>"),
1835
+ para("So is <b>_this_</b> word."))
1836
+
1837
+ assert_equal expected, doc
1838
+ end
1839
+
1840
+ def test_tabs
1841
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Tabs.text"
1842
+
1843
+ doc = @parser.parse input
1844
+
1845
+ expected =
1846
+ doc(
1847
+ list(:BULLET,
1848
+ item(nil,
1849
+ para("this is a list item\nindented with tabs")),
1850
+ item(nil,
1851
+ para("this is a list item\nindented with spaces"))),
1852
+
1853
+ para("Code:"),
1854
+
1855
+ verb("this code block is indented by one tab\n"),
1856
+
1857
+ para("And:"),
1858
+
1859
+ verb("\tthis code block is indented by two tabs\n"),
1860
+
1861
+ para("And:"),
1862
+
1863
+ verb(
1864
+ "+\tthis is an example list item\n",
1865
+ "\tindented with tabs\n",
1866
+ "\n",
1867
+ "+ this is an example list item\n",
1868
+ " indented with spaces\n"))
1869
+
1870
+ assert_equal expected, doc
1871
+ end
1872
+
1873
+ def test_tidyness
1874
+ input = File.read "#{MARKDOWN_TEST_PATH}/Tidyness.text"
1875
+
1876
+ doc = @parser.parse input
1877
+
1878
+ expected =
1879
+ doc(
1880
+ block(
1881
+ para("A list within a blockquote:"),
1882
+ list(:BULLET,
1883
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 1")),
1884
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 2")),
1885
+ item(nil, para("asterisk 3")))))
1886
+
1887
+ assert_equal expected, doc
1888
+ end
1889
+
1890
+ end
1891
+