rails_vitals 0.2.1 → 0.4.0

checksums.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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data/README.md

@@ -56,6 +56,16 @@ Each N+1 pattern has a detail page showing affected requests, estimated query sa
 
 ![Impact Simulator](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c6eaf195-7652-4319-bd15-476033e64896)
 
+### 🔬 EXPLAIN Visualizer
+Any `SELECT` query in Request Detail can be sent directly to PostgreSQL's `EXPLAIN ANALYZE`. The result is rendered as an interactive tree, each node shows its operation type, estimated cost, actual time, row estimates vs. reality, and loop count. Nodes are color-coded by cost. Click any node to expand an education card explaining what the operation does and when it becomes a problem.
+
+![EXPLAIN Visualizer](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e3547822-17ce-40e8-a468-714bbff01cd9)
+
+### 🧪 N+1 Fix Playground
+Try eager-loading fixes against your real app data before changing application code. Enter any ActiveRecord expression such as `Post.includes(:likes)`, optionally simulate association access to reproduce N+1 behavior, and RailsVitals runs it in a read-only sandbox with a 100-record cap and 2s timeout. Each run compares before vs. after score, query count, duration, and N+1 count, then shows the exact SQL fired with full Query DNA so you can verify that the fix actually batches queries.
+
+![Playground](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7df1bfbe-1576-4048-810d-465e52115d19)
+
 ### 🎭 Callback Map
 Every ActiveRecord callback (`before_save`, `after_create`, `before_validation`, etc.) is timed and grouped by model in the Request Detail view. Expensive callbacks surface immediately — including hidden side effects like callbacks that trigger additional queries.
 
@@ -143,6 +153,8 @@ Navigate to `/rails_vitals` to access the full admin interface.
 | Models | `/rails_vitals/models` | Per-model query breakdown |
 | N+1 Patterns | `/rails_vitals/n_plus_ones` | Cross-request N+1 aggregation with fix suggestions |
 | Association Map | `/rails_vitals/associations` | Live SVG model graph with N+1 and index annotations |
+| EXPLAIN Visualizer | `/rails_vitals/requests/:request_id/explain/:query_index` | Interactive PostgreSQL EXPLAIN ANALYZE tree with warnings and fix suggestions |
+| Playground | `/rails_vitals/playgrounds` | Read-only sandbox for testing eager-loading fixes against real app data |
 
 ---
 

data/app/assets/javascripts/rails_vitals/application.js

@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+// ─── Palette ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+var COLOR_N1        = '#fc8181';   // red   — N+1 warnings
+var COLOR_HEALTHY   = '#68d391';   // green — healthy / no issues
+var COLOR_BELONGS   = '#9f7aea';   // purple — belongs_to macro
+var COLOR_HAS_MANY  = '#f6ad55';   // orange — has_many / has_one macro
+var COLOR_MUTED     = '#718096';   // grey  — secondary text
+var COLOR_TEXT      = '#e2e8f0';   // white-ish — primary text
+var COLOR_SURFACE   = '#1a202c';   // dark  — card surface
+var COLOR_N1_BG     = '#2d1515';   // dark red — N+1 card background
+
+// ─── Panel element IDs (shared by selectNode / closePanel) ──────────────────
+var ID_PANEL        = 'assoc-panel';
+var ID_PANEL_INNER  = 'assoc-panel-inner';
+var ID_MODEL_NAME   = 'panel-model-name';
+var ID_QUERY_COUNT  = 'panel-query-count';
+var ID_AVG_TIME     = 'panel-avg-time';
+var ID_N1_COUNT     = 'panel-n1-count';
+var ID_ASSOCIATIONS = 'panel-associations';
+var ID_N1_SECTION   = 'panel-n1-section';
+var ID_N1_LIST      = 'panel-n1-list';
+var ID_LINKS        = 'panel-links';
+
+// ─── requests/show ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+function toggleDna(id) {
+  var row = document.getElementById(id);
+  if (row) {
+    var isHidden = window.getComputedStyle(row).display === 'none';
+    row.classList.remove('d-none');
+    row.style.display = isHidden ? 'table-row' : 'none';
+  }
+}
+
+function toggleCard(id, chevronId) {
+  var card = document.getElementById(id);
+  if (card) {
+    var isHidden = window.getComputedStyle(card).display === 'none';
+    card.classList.remove('d-none');
+    card.style.display = isHidden ? (card.tagName === 'TABLE' ? 'table' : 'block') : 'none';
+  }
+
+  if (chevronId) {
+    var chevron = document.getElementById(chevronId);
+    if (chevron) {
+      chevron.textContent = chevron.textContent === '▼' ? '▶' : '▼';
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+// ─── explains/show ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+function toggleExplanation(id) {
+  var el = document.getElementById(id);
+  if (el) {
+    var isHidden = window.getComputedStyle(el).display === 'none';
+    el.classList.remove('d-none');
+    el.style.display = isHidden ? 'block' : 'none';
+  }
+}
+
+// ─── associations/index ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+// NODE_DATA, N1_PATH, and REQUEST_PATH are injected inline by the view as a data bridge.
+
+function selectNode(nameJson) {
+  var name = JSON.parse(nameJson);
+  var node = NODE_DATA[name];
+  if (!node) return;
+
+  // Highlight selected node
+  document.querySelectorAll('[id^="node-"]').forEach(function(el) {
+    el.style.opacity = '0.4';
+  });
+  var el = document.getElementById('node-' + name);
+  if (el) el.style.opacity = '1';
+
+  // Populate panel header
+  document.getElementById(ID_MODEL_NAME).textContent  = node.name;
+  document.getElementById(ID_QUERY_COUNT).textContent = node.query_count;
+  document.getElementById(ID_AVG_TIME).textContent    = node.avg_query_time_ms;
+
+  var n1Count = node.n1_patterns.length;
+  var n1El    = document.getElementById(ID_N1_COUNT);
+  n1El.textContent = n1Count;
+  n1El.style.color = n1Count > 0 ? COLOR_N1 : COLOR_HEALTHY;
+
+  // Associations list
+  var assocHtml = '';
+  node.associations.forEach(function(a) {
+    var macroColor = a.macro === 'belongs_to' ? COLOR_BELONGS : COLOR_HAS_MANY;
+    var n1Badge    = a.has_n1
+      ? badge(COLOR_N1, 'N+1')
+      : '';
+    var indexBadge = a.indexed
+      ? badge(COLOR_HEALTHY, 'indexed')
+      : badge(COLOR_HAS_MANY, '⚠ no index');
+
+    assocHtml +=
+      '<div style="padding:8px;background:' + COLOR_SURFACE + ';border-radius:4px;margin-bottom:6px;font-size:12px;">' +
+        '<span style="color:' + macroColor + ';font-family:monospace;">' + a.macro + '</span>' +
+        ' <span style="color:' + COLOR_TEXT + ';font-family:monospace;">:' + a.to_model.toLowerCase() + '</span>' +
+        n1Badge +
+        '<div style="color:' + COLOR_MUTED + ';font-size:10px;margin-top:4px;font-family:monospace;">' +
+          'fk: ' + a.foreign_key + indexBadge +
+        '</div>' +
+      '</div>';
+  });
+  document.getElementById(ID_ASSOCIATIONS).innerHTML =
+    assocHtml || '<div style="color:' + COLOR_MUTED + ';font-size:12px;">No associations</div>';
+
+  // N+1 section
+  var n1Section = document.getElementById(ID_N1_SECTION);
+  if (n1Count > 0) {
+    n1Section.style.display = 'block';
+    var n1Html = '';
+    node.n1_patterns.forEach(function(p) {
+      n1Html +=
+        '<div style="padding:8px;background:' + COLOR_N1_BG + ';border:1px solid ' + COLOR_N1 + '44;' +
+                    'border-radius:4px;margin-bottom:6px;font-size:11px;">' +
+          '<div style="color:' + COLOR_N1 + ';font-family:monospace;margin-bottom:4px;">' +
+            p.occurrences + 'x detected' +
+          '</div>' +
+          (p.fix_suggestion
+            ? '<div style="color:' + COLOR_HEALTHY + ';font-family:monospace;">Fix: ' + p.fix_suggestion + '</div>'
+            : '') +
+        '</div>';
+    });
+    document.getElementById(ID_N1_LIST).innerHTML = n1Html;
+  } else {
+    n1Section.style.display = 'none';
+  }
+
+  // Action links
+  var linksHtml = '';
+  if (n1Count > 0) {
+    linksHtml +=
+      '<a href="' + N1_PATH + '" ' +
+         'style="display:block;background:' + COLOR_N1_BG + ';border:1px solid ' + COLOR_N1 + '66;' +
+                'color:' + COLOR_N1 + ';padding:8px 12px;border-radius:4px;font-size:12px;' +
+                'text-decoration:none;text-align:center;margin-top:8px;">' +
+        'View N+1 patterns →' +
+      '</a>';
+  }
+  document.getElementById(ID_LINKS).innerHTML = linksHtml;
+
+  // Open panel
+  document.getElementById(ID_PANEL).style.width       = '320px';
+  document.getElementById(ID_PANEL_INNER).style.display = 'block';
+}
+
+function closePanel() {
+  document.getElementById(ID_PANEL).style.width        = '0';
+  document.getElementById(ID_PANEL_INNER).style.display = 'none';
+  document.querySelectorAll('[id^="node-"]').forEach(function(el) {
+    el.style.opacity = '1';
+  });
+}
+
+// ─── Helpers ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+function badge(color, text) {
+  return '<span style="background:' + color + '33;color:' + color + ';' +
+         'font-size:9px;padding:1px 5px;border-radius:3px;margin-left:4px;">' +
+         text + '</span>';
+}
+
+// ─── playgrounds/index ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+(function () {
+  var form = document.getElementById('playground-form');
+  if (!form) return;
+
+  // Disable the run button on submit to prevent double-runs
+  form.addEventListener('submit', function () {
+    var btn = document.getElementById('run-btn');
+    if (btn) {
+      btn.disabled    = true;
+      btn.textContent = '⏳ Running...';
+    }
+  });
+
+  // Pre-fill expression textarea from ?expression= URL param (deep-link from N+1 page)
+  var params = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+  var expr   = params.get('expression');
+  if (expr) {
+    var ta = document.querySelector("textarea[name='expression']");
+    if (ta) ta.value = decodeURIComponent(expr);
+  }
+}());
+
+function toggleAssocLabel(assoc, checked) {
+  var label = document.getElementById('label_' + assoc);
+  if (!label) return;
+  label.classList.toggle('assoc-tag-active', checked);
+}

data/app/assets/stylesheets/rails_vitals/application.css

@@ -178,3 +178,324 @@ tr:hover td { background: #1e2535; }
   border-radius: 3px;
   font-size: 10px;
 }
+
+/* ─── Spacing — margin ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.mb-0  { margin-bottom: 0; }
+.mb-4  { margin-bottom: 4px; }
+.mb-6  { margin-bottom: 6px; }
+.mb-8  { margin-bottom: 8px; }
+.mb-12 { margin-bottom: 12px; }
+.mb-16 { margin-bottom: 16px; }
+.mb-20 { margin-bottom: 20px; }
+.mb-24 { margin-bottom: 24px; }
+.mt-2  { margin-top: 2px; }
+.mt-4  { margin-top: 4px; }
+.mt-6  { margin-top: 6px; }
+.ml-6  { margin-left: 6px; }
+.ml-8  { margin-left: 8px; }
+
+/* ─── Font size ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.text-10 { font-size: 10px; }
+.text-12 { font-size: 12px; }
+.text-16 { font-size: 16px; }
+.text-24 { font-size: 24px; }
+
+/* ─── Misc ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.text-right   { text-align: right; }
+.line-relaxed { line-height: 1.6; }
+.word-break   { white-space: pre-wrap; word-break: break-all; }
+
+/* ─── Structural components ────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.section-divider {
+  padding-bottom: 12px;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid #2d3748;
+}
+
+.info-block {
+  background: #1a202c;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 16px;
+}
+
+.stat-card-dark {
+  background: #2d3748;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 16px;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.dna-panel {
+  background: #1a202c;
+  border-left: 3px solid #4299e1;
+  padding: 16px;
+  margin: 4px 0;
+}
+
+.explain-btn {
+  font-size: 10px;
+  background: #1a2d3a;
+  border: 1px solid #4299e144;
+  padding: 2px 8px;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+}
+
+/* ─── Color utilities ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.text-muted   { color: #a0aec0; }
+.text-primary { color: #e2e8f0; }
+.text-grey    { color: #718096; }
+.text-healthy { color: #68d391; }
+.text-danger  { color: #fc8181; }
+.text-accent  { color: #90cdf4; }
+.text-blue    { color: #4299e1; }
+.text-orange  { color: #f6ad55; }
+.text-purple  { color: #9f7aea; }
+
+/* ─── Typography utilities ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.mono        { font-family: ui-monospace, monospace; }
+.bold        { font-weight: bold; }
+.text-upper  { text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.05em; }
+.text-nowrap { white-space: nowrap; }
+.truncate    { overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
+.text-sm     { font-size: 11px; }
+.text-center { text-align: center; }
+
+/* ─── Layout utilities ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.flex         { display: flex; }
+.flex-center  { display: flex; align-items: center; }
+.flex-between { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; }
+.flex-wrap    { flex-wrap: wrap; }
+.flex-1       { flex: 1; }
+.d-none       { display: none; }
+.cursor-pointer { cursor: pointer; }
+
+/* ─── Page structure ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.page-header   { margin-bottom: 24px; }
+.page-heading  { font-size: 20px; font-weight: bold; color: #e2e8f0; }
+.page-subtitle { color: #a0aec0; font-size: 13px; margin-top: 4px; }
+.back-link     { color: #a0aec0; font-size: 13px; }
+
+/* ─── Component utilities ──────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.section-label {
+  display: block;
+  color: #a0aec0;
+  font-size: 11px;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
+  margin-bottom: 8px;
+}
+
+.mini-label {
+  color: #718096;
+  font-size: 10px;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+  letter-spacing: 0.05em;
+  margin-bottom: 4px;
+}
+
+.empty-state { color: #a0aec0; text-align: center; padding: 48px; }
+
+.code-block {
+  background: #1a202c;
+  padding: 12px;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+  word-break: break-all;
+}
+
+.code-block-dark {
+  background: #2d3748;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  padding: 8px 12px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+  font-size: 12px;
+}
+
+.stat-value-lg {
+  font-size: 20px;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+}
+
+.stat-value-xl {
+  font-size: 28px;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+.stat-box {
+  flex: 1;
+  background: #1a202c;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  padding: 10px;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.impact-box {
+  background: #1a202c;
+  border-radius: 8px;
+  padding: 16px;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+.callback-badge {
+  color: #fff;
+  padding: 1px 6px;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+  font-size: 11px;
+}
+
+.legend-dot {
+  display: inline-block;
+  width: 12px;
+  height: 12px;
+  border-radius: 2px;
+  margin-right: 4px;
+  vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+/* ─── Gap utilities ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.gap-4  { gap: 4px; }
+.gap-6  { gap: 6px; }
+.gap-8  { gap: 8px; }
+.gap-12 { gap: 12px; }
+.gap-16 { gap: 16px; }
+.gap-24 { gap: 24px; }
+
+/* ─── Grid utilities ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.grid-4 {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
+  gap: 12px;
+  margin-bottom: 20px;
+}
+
+/* ─── Stat box variant (dark surface) ───────────────────────────────────────── */
+.stat-grid-box {
+  background: #2d3748;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 16px;
+  text-align: center;
+}
+
+/* ─── Playground ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
+.run-btn {
+  background: #2d6a2d;
+  border: 1px solid #68d391;
+  color: #68d391;
+  padding: 10px 24px;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  font-size: 14px;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  transition: background 0.15s;
+}
+.run-btn:hover    { background: #3a8a3a; }
+.run-btn:disabled { opacity: 0.5; cursor: not-allowed; }
+
+@keyframes fadeIn {
+  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(6px); }
+  to   { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
+}
+.result-fade { animation: fadeIn 0.3s ease forwards; }
+
+.playground-textarea {
+  width: 100%;
+  background: #1a202c;
+  border: 1px solid #4a5568;
+  color: #e2e8f0;
+  padding: 12px;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  resize: vertical;
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+}
+
+.assoc-tag {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 6px;
+  background: #2d3748;
+  border: 1px solid #4a5568;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  padding: 6px 12px;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  font-size: 12px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+  color: #e2e8f0;
+  transition: background 0.15s;
+}
+.assoc-tag-active {
+  background: #1a2d1a;
+  border-color: rgba(104, 211, 145, 0.4);
+}
+
+.assoc-pill {
+  background: #2d3748;
+  color: #a0aec0;
+  font-size: 10px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+  padding: 2px 6px;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+}
+.assoc-pill-active {
+  background: #1a3a1a;
+  color: #68d391;
+  font-size: 10px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+  padding: 2px 6px;
+  border-radius: 3px;
+}
+
+.compare-box {
+  background: #1a202c;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 12px 16px;
+}
+.compare-box-after {
+  background: #1a2d1a;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 12px 16px;
+}
+
+.compare-arrow { text-align: center; }
+.compare-delta {
+  font-size: 12px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+  font-weight: bold;
+}
+
+.stat-value-22 {
+  font-size: 22px;
+  font-weight: bold;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+}
+
+.summary-line {
+  margin-top: 12px;
+  padding: 10px 16px;
+  background: #1a202c;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, monospace;
+}
+
+.error-card {
+  background: #2d1515;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(252, 129, 129, 0.4);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 16px;
+  color: #fc8181;
+  font-size: 13px;
+  margin-bottom: 20px;
+}
+
+.n1-alert {
+  background: #2d1515;
+  border: 1px solid rgba(252, 129, 129, 0.27);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 12px 16px;
+  margin-bottom: 20px;
+}

data/app/controllers/rails_vitals/explains_controller.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+module RailsVitals
+  class ExplainsController < ApplicationController
+    def show
+      @record = RailsVitals.store.find(params[:request_id])
+      return render plain: "Request not found", status: :not_found unless @record
+
+      @query_index = params[:query_index].to_i
+      query = @record.queries[@query_index]
+      return render plain: "Query not found", status: :not_found unless query
+
+      @sql = query[:sql]
+      @binds = query[:binds] || []
+      @result = Analyzers::ExplainAnalyzer.analyze(@sql, binds: @binds)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/app/controllers/rails_vitals/n_plus_ones_controller.rb

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@ module RailsVitals
   class NPlusOnesController < ApplicationController
     def index
       records    = RailsVitals.store.all
-      Rails.logger.debug "ALL RECORDS: #{records}"
       @patterns  = Analyzers::NPlusOneAggregator.aggregate(records)
       @total_requests = records.size
     end

data/app/controllers/rails_vitals/playgrounds_controller.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+module RailsVitals
+  class PlaygroundsController < ApplicationController
+    def index
+      @default_query = default_query
+      @default_model = default_model_name
+      @available_assocs = associations_for_model(@default_model)
+      @prechecked_assocs = prechecked_associations
+    end
+
+    def create
+      expression = params[:expression].to_s.strip
+      clean_expr = clean_expression(expression)
+      access_associations = Array(params[:access_associations]).reject(&:blank?)
+
+      result = Playground::Sandbox.run(
+        expression,
+        access_associations: access_associations
+      )
+
+      model_name = Playground::Sandbox.extract_model_name(expression)
+      @available_assocs = associations_for_model(model_name)
+      @prechecked_assocs = access_associations
+
+      @expression = clean_expr
+      @result = result
+      @previous = session_previous
+      @query_dna = build_dna(result.queries)
+
+      session[:playground_previous] = serialize_result(result, clean_expr, access_associations)
+
+      render :index
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def discover_models
+      Analyzers::AssociationMapper.discover_models.map(&:name)
+    end
+
+    def worst_n1_pattern
+      records = RailsVitals.store.all
+      return nil if records.empty?
+
+      Analyzers::NPlusOneAggregator.aggregate(records).first
+    end
+
+    def session_previous
+      raw = session[:playground_previous]
+      return nil unless raw
+
+      JSON.parse(raw, symbolize_names: true)
+    rescue
+      nil
+    end
+
+    def default_model_name
+      pattern = worst_n1_pattern
+      return discover_models.first unless pattern
+
+      pattern[:fix_suggestion]&.dig(:owner_model) || discover_models.first
+    end
+
+    def associations_for_model(model_name)
+      return [] unless model_name
+
+      Playground::Sandbox.associations_for(model_name)
+    end
+
+    def prechecked_associations
+      pattern = worst_n1_pattern
+      return [] unless pattern
+
+      # Pre-check the association from the worst N+1 pattern
+      table = pattern[:table]
+      return [] unless table
+
+      assoc_name = table  # table name is usually the association name
+      [ @available_assocs.find { |a| a == assoc_name || a == assoc_name.singularize } ].compact
+    end
+
+    def default_query
+      pattern = worst_n1_pattern
+      return "" unless pattern
+
+      fix = pattern[:fix_suggestion]&.dig(:code)
+      return "" unless fix
+
+      "# Worst N+1 detected in your app:\n# Fix: #{fix}\n\n#{fix.split('.').first}.all"
+    end
+
+    def serialize_result(result, expression, access_associations = [])
+      {
+        expression:         expression,
+        query_count:        result.query_count,
+        score:              result.score,
+        duration_ms:        result.duration_ms,
+        n1_count:           result.n1_patterns.size,
+        access_associations: access_associations,
+        error:              result.error
+      }.to_json
+    end
+
+    def clean_expression(expression)
+      expression
+        .lines
+        .reject { |l| l.strip.start_with?("#") }
+        .join
+        .strip
+    end
+
+    def build_dna(queries)
+      queries.map do |q|
+        {
+          query: q,
+          dna:   Analyzers::SqlTokenizer.tokenize(q[:sql], all_queries: queries)
+        }
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end