rack 2.0.6 → 2.2.3

data/lib/rack/show_exceptions.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'ostruct'
 require 'erb'
-require 'rack/request'
-require 'rack/utils'
 
 module Rack
   # Rack::ShowExceptions catches all exceptions raised from the app it
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ module Rack
     private :accepts_html?
 
     def dump_exception(exception)
-      string = "#{exception.class}: #{exception.message}\n"
+      string = "#{exception.class}: #{exception.message}\n".dup
       string << exception.backtrace.map { |l| "\t#{l}" }.join("\n")
       string
     end
@@ -63,12 +63,12 @@ module Rack
     def pretty(env, exception)
       req = Rack::Request.new(env)
 
-      # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning on
-      # Ruby 1.9.3.  Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
+      # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning.
+      # Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
       path = path = (req.script_name + req.path_info).squeeze("/")
 
-      # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning on
-      # Ruby 1.9.3.  Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
+      # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning.
+      # Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
       frames = frames = exception.backtrace.map { |line|
         frame = OpenStruct.new
         if line =~ /(.*?):(\d+)(:in `(.*)')?/
@@ -77,13 +77,13 @@ module Rack
           frame.function = $4
 
           begin
-            lineno = frame.lineno-1
+            lineno = frame.lineno - 1
             lines = ::File.readlines(frame.filename)
-            frame.pre_context_lineno = [lineno-CONTEXT, 0].max
+            frame.pre_context_lineno = [lineno - CONTEXT, 0].max
             frame.pre_context = lines[frame.pre_context_lineno...lineno]
             frame.context_line = lines[lineno].chomp
-            frame.post_context_lineno = [lineno+CONTEXT, lines.size].min
-            frame.post_context = lines[lineno+1..frame.post_context_lineno]
+            frame.post_context_lineno = [lineno + CONTEXT, lines.size].min
+            frame.post_context = lines[lineno + 1..frame.post_context_lineno]
           rescue
           end
 
@@ -93,7 +93,11 @@ module Rack
         end
       }.compact
 
-      TEMPLATE.result(binding)
+      template.result(binding)
+    end
+
+    def template
+      TEMPLATE
     end
 
     def h(obj)                  # :nodoc:
@@ -107,8 +111,8 @@ module Rack
 
     # :stopdoc:
 
-    # adapted from Django <djangoproject.com>
-    # Copyright (c) 2005, the Lawrence Journal-World
+    # adapted from Django <www.djangoproject.com>
+    # Copyright (c) Django Software Foundation and individual contributors.
     # Used under the modified BSD license:
     # http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#5
     TEMPLATE = ERB.new(<<-'HTML'.gsub(/^      /, ''))
@@ -307,7 +311,7 @@ module Rack
         <% end %>
 
         <h3 id="post-info">POST</h3>
-        <% if req.POST and not req.POST.empty? %>
+        <% if ((req.POST and not req.POST.empty?) rescue (no_post_data = "Invalid POST data"; nil)) %>
           <table class="req">
             <thead>
               <tr>
@@ -325,7 +329,7 @@ module Rack
             </tbody>
           </table>
         <% else %>
-          <p>No POST data.</p>
+          <p><%= no_post_data || "No POST data" %>.</p>
         <% end %>
 
 
@@ -363,7 +367,7 @@ module Rack
                 <% env.sort_by { |k, v| k.to_s }.each { |key, val| %>
                 <tr>
                   <td><%=h key %></td>
-                  <td class="code"><div><%=h val %></div></td>
+                  <td class="code"><div><%=h val.inspect %></div></td>
                 </tr>
                 <% } %>
             </tbody>

data/lib/rack/show_status.rb

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'erb'
-require 'rack/request'
-require 'rack/utils'
 
 module Rack
   # Rack::ShowStatus catches all empty responses and replaces them
@@ -18,19 +18,19 @@ module Rack
 
     def call(env)
       status, headers, body = @app.call(env)
-      headers = Utils::HeaderHash.new(headers)
+      headers = Utils::HeaderHash[headers]
       empty = headers[CONTENT_LENGTH].to_i <= 0
 
       # client or server error, or explicit message
       if (status.to_i >= 400 && empty) || env[RACK_SHOWSTATUS_DETAIL]
-        # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning on
-        # Ruby 1.9.3.  Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
+        # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning.
+        # Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
         req = req = Rack::Request.new(env)
 
         message = Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES[status.to_i] || status.to_s
 
-        # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning on
-        # Ruby 1.9.3.  Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
+        # This double assignment is to prevent an "unused variable" warning.
+        # Yes, it is dumb, but I don't like Ruby yelling at me.
         detail = detail = env[RACK_SHOWSTATUS_DETAIL] || message
 
         body = @template.result(binding)
@@ -52,8 +52,8 @@ module Rack
 
     # :stopdoc:
 
-# adapted from Django <djangoproject.com>
-# Copyright (c) 2005, the Lawrence Journal-World
+# adapted from Django <www.djangoproject.com>
+# Copyright (c) Django Software Foundation and individual contributors.
 # Used under the modified BSD license:
 # http://www.xfree86.org/3.3.6/COPYRIGHT2.html#5
 TEMPLATE = <<'HTML'

data/lib/rack/static.rb

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-require "rack/file"
-require "rack/utils"
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Rack
 
   # The Rack::Static middleware intercepts requests for static files
   # (javascript files, images, stylesheets, etc) based on the url prefixes or
-  # route mappings passed in the options, and serves them using a Rack::File
+  # route mappings passed in the options, and serves them using a Rack::Files
   # object. This allows a Rack stack to serve both static and dynamic content.
   #
   # Examples:
@@ -15,6 +14,11 @@ module Rack
   #
   #     use Rack::Static, :urls => ["/media"]
   #
+  # Same as previous, but instead of returning 404 for missing files under
+  # /media, call the next middleware:
+  #
+  #     use Rack::Static, :urls => ["/media"], :cascade => true
+  #
   # Serve all requests beginning with /css or /images from the folder "public"
   # in the current directory (ie public/css/* and public/images/*):
   #
@@ -82,24 +86,26 @@ module Rack
   #         ]
   #
   class Static
+    (require_relative 'core_ext/regexp'; using ::Rack::RegexpExtensions) if RUBY_VERSION < '2.4'
 
-    def initialize(app, options={})
+    def initialize(app, options = {})
       @app = app
       @urls = options[:urls] || ["/favicon.ico"]
       @index = options[:index]
       @gzip = options[:gzip]
+      @cascade = options[:cascade]
       root = options[:root] || Dir.pwd
 
       # HTTP Headers
       @header_rules = options[:header_rules] || []
       # Allow for legacy :cache_control option while prioritizing global header_rules setting
-      @header_rules.unshift([:all, {CACHE_CONTROL => options[:cache_control]}]) if options[:cache_control]
+      @header_rules.unshift([:all, { CACHE_CONTROL => options[:cache_control] }]) if options[:cache_control]
 
-      @file_server = Rack::File.new(root)
+      @file_server = Rack::Files.new(root)
     end
 
     def add_index_root?(path)
-      @index && path =~ /\/$/
+      @index && route_file(path) && path.end_with?('/')
     end
 
     def overwrite_file_path(path)
@@ -120,7 +126,7 @@ module Rack
       if can_serve(path)
         if overwrite_file_path(path)
           env[PATH_INFO] = (add_index_root?(path) ? path + @index : @urls[path])
-        elsif @gzip && env['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'] =~ /\bgzip\b/
+        elsif @gzip && env['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'] && /\bgzip\b/.match?(env['HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING'])
           path = env[PATH_INFO]
           env[PATH_INFO] += '.gz'
           response = @file_server.call(env)
@@ -128,6 +134,8 @@ module Rack
 
           if response[0] == 404
             response = nil
+          elsif response[0] == 304
+            # Do nothing, leave headers as is
           else
             if mime_type = Mime.mime_type(::File.extname(path), 'text/plain')
               response[1][CONTENT_TYPE] = mime_type
@@ -139,6 +147,10 @@ module Rack
         path = env[PATH_INFO]
         response ||= @file_server.call(env)
 
+        if @cascade && response[0] == 404
+          return @app.call(env)
+        end
+
         headers = response[1]
         applicable_rules(path).each do |rule, new_headers|
           new_headers.each { |field, content| headers[field] = content }
@@ -157,14 +169,14 @@ module Rack
         when :all
           true
         when :fonts
-          path =~ /\.(?:ttf|otf|eot|woff2|woff|svg)\z/
+          /\.(?:ttf|otf|eot|woff2|woff|svg)\z/.match?(path)
         when String
           path = ::Rack::Utils.unescape(path)
           path.start_with?(rule) || path.start_with?('/' + rule)
         when Array
-          path =~ /\.(#{rule.join('|')})\z/
+          /\.(#{rule.join('|')})\z/.match?(path)
         when Regexp
-          path =~ rule
+          rule.match?(path)
         else
           false
         end

data/lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-require 'rack/body_proxy'
+# frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Rack
 

data/lib/rack/urlmap.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'set'
+
 module Rack
   # Rack::URLMap takes a hash mapping urls or paths to apps, and
   # dispatches accordingly.  Support for HTTP/1.1 host names exists if
@@ -12,17 +16,16 @@ module Rack
   # first, since they are most specific.
 
   class URLMap
-    NEGATIVE_INFINITY = -1.0 / 0.0
-    INFINITY = 1.0 / 0.0
-
     def initialize(map = {})
       remap(map)
     end
 
     def remap(map)
+      @known_hosts = Set[]
       @mapping = map.map { |location, app|
         if location =~ %r{\Ahttps?://(.*?)(/.*)}
           host, location = $1, $2
+          @known_hosts << host
         else
           host = nil
         end
@@ -36,7 +39,7 @@ module Rack
 
         [host, location, match, app]
       }.sort_by do |(host, location, _, _)|
-        [host ? -host.size : INFINITY, -location.size]
+        [host ? -host.size : Float::INFINITY, -location.size]
       end
     end
 
@@ -50,10 +53,13 @@ module Rack
       is_same_server = casecmp?(http_host, server_name) ||
                        casecmp?(http_host, "#{server_name}:#{server_port}")
 
+      is_host_known = @known_hosts.include? http_host
+
       @mapping.each do |host, location, match, app|
         unless casecmp?(http_host, host) \
             || casecmp?(server_name, host) \
-            || (!host && is_same_server)
+            || (!host && is_same_server) \
+            || (!host && !is_host_known) # If we don't have a matching host, default to the first without a specified host
           next
         end
 
@@ -68,7 +74,7 @@ module Rack
         return app.call(env)
       end
 
-      [404, {CONTENT_TYPE => "text/plain", "X-Cascade" => "pass"}, ["Not Found: #{path}"]]
+      [404, { CONTENT_TYPE => "text/plain", "X-Cascade" => "pass" }, ["Not Found: #{path}"]]
 
     ensure
       env[PATH_INFO]   = path

data/lib/rack/utils.rb

@@ -1,16 +1,21 @@
 # -*- encoding: binary -*-
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require 'uri'
 require 'fileutils'
 require 'set'
 require 'tempfile'
-require 'rack/query_parser'
 require 'time'
 
+require_relative 'query_parser'
+
 module Rack
   # Rack::Utils contains a grab-bag of useful methods for writing web
   # applications adopted from all kinds of Ruby libraries.
 
   module Utils
+    (require_relative 'core_ext/regexp'; using ::Rack::RegexpExtensions) if RUBY_VERSION < '2.4'
+
     ParameterTypeError = QueryParser::ParameterTypeError
     InvalidParameterError = QueryParser::InvalidParameterError
     DEFAULT_SEP = QueryParser::DEFAULT_SEP
@@ -24,33 +29,30 @@ module Rack
     # This helps prevent a rogue client from flooding a Request.
     self.default_query_parser = QueryParser.make_default(65536, 100)
 
+    module_function
+
     # URI escapes. (CGI style space to +)
     def escape(s)
       URI.encode_www_form_component(s)
     end
-    module_function :escape
 
     # Like URI escaping, but with %20 instead of +. Strictly speaking this is
     # true URI escaping.
     def escape_path(s)
       ::URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.escape s
     end
-    module_function :escape_path
 
     # Unescapes the **path** component of a URI.  See Rack::Utils.unescape for
     # unescaping query parameters or form components.
     def unescape_path(s)
       ::URI::DEFAULT_PARSER.unescape s
     end
-    module_function :unescape_path
-
 
     # Unescapes a URI escaped string with +encoding+. +encoding+ will be the
     # target encoding of the string returned, and it defaults to UTF-8
     def unescape(s, encoding = Encoding::UTF_8)
       URI.decode_www_form_component(s, encoding)
     end
-    module_function :unescape
 
     class << self
       attr_accessor :multipart_part_limit
@@ -82,21 +84,20 @@ module Rack
         Process.clock_gettime(Process::CLOCK_MONOTONIC)
       end
     else
+      # :nocov:
       def clock_time
         Time.now.to_f
       end
+      # :nocov:
     end
-    module_function :clock_time
 
     def parse_query(qs, d = nil, &unescaper)
       Rack::Utils.default_query_parser.parse_query(qs, d, &unescaper)
     end
-    module_function :parse_query
 
     def parse_nested_query(qs, d = nil)
       Rack::Utils.default_query_parser.parse_nested_query(qs, d)
     end
-    module_function :parse_nested_query
 
     def build_query(params)
       params.map { |k, v|
@@ -107,7 +108,6 @@ module Rack
         end
       }.join("&")
     end
-    module_function :build_query
 
     def build_nested_query(value, prefix = nil)
       case value
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ module Rack
       when Hash
         value.map { |k, v|
           build_nested_query(v, prefix ? "#{prefix}[#{escape(k)}]" : escape(k))
-        }.reject(&:empty?).join('&')
+        }.delete_if(&:empty?).join('&')
       when nil
         prefix
       else
@@ -126,20 +126,22 @@ module Rack
         "#{prefix}=#{escape(value)}"
       end
     end
-    module_function :build_nested_query
 
     def q_values(q_value_header)
       q_value_header.to_s.split(/\s*,\s*/).map do |part|
         value, parameters = part.split(/\s*;\s*/, 2)
         quality = 1.0
-        if md = /\Aq=([\d.]+)/.match(parameters)
+        if parameters && (md = /\Aq=([\d.]+)/.match(parameters))
           quality = md[1].to_f
         end
         [value, quality]
       end
     end
-    module_function :q_values
 
+    # Return best accept value to use, based on the algorithm
+    # in RFC 2616 Section 14.  If there are multiple best
+    # matches (same specificity and quality), the value returned
+    # is arbitrary.
     def best_q_match(q_value_header, available_mimes)
       values = q_values(q_value_header)
 
@@ -152,7 +154,6 @@ module Rack
       end.last
       matches && matches.first
     end
-    module_function :best_q_match
 
     ESCAPE_HTML = {
       "&" => "&amp;",
@@ -169,51 +170,55 @@ module Rack
     def escape_html(string)
       string.to_s.gsub(ESCAPE_HTML_PATTERN){|c| ESCAPE_HTML[c] }
     end
-    module_function :escape_html
 
     def select_best_encoding(available_encodings, accept_encoding)
       # http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html
 
-      expanded_accept_encoding =
-        accept_encoding.map { |m, q|
-          if m == "*"
-            (available_encodings - accept_encoding.map { |m2, _| m2 }).map { |m2| [m2, q] }
-          else
-            [[m, q]]
+      expanded_accept_encoding = []
+
+      accept_encoding.each do |m, q|
+        preference = available_encodings.index(m) || available_encodings.size
+
+        if m == "*"
+          (available_encodings - accept_encoding.map(&:first)).each do |m2|
+            expanded_accept_encoding << [m2, q, preference]
           end
-        }.inject([]) { |mem, list|
-          mem + list
-        }
+        else
+          expanded_accept_encoding << [m, q, preference]
+        end
+      end
 
-      encoding_candidates = expanded_accept_encoding.sort_by { |_, q| -q }.map { |m, _| m }
+      encoding_candidates = expanded_accept_encoding
+        .sort_by { |_, q, p| [-q, p] }
+        .map!(&:first)
 
       unless encoding_candidates.include?("identity")
         encoding_candidates.push("identity")
       end
 
-      expanded_accept_encoding.each { |m, q|
+      expanded_accept_encoding.each do |m, q|
         encoding_candidates.delete(m) if q == 0.0
-      }
+      end
 
-      return (encoding_candidates & available_encodings)[0]
+      (encoding_candidates & available_encodings)[0]
     end
-    module_function :select_best_encoding
 
     def parse_cookies(env)
       parse_cookies_header env[HTTP_COOKIE]
     end
-    module_function :parse_cookies
 
     def parse_cookies_header(header)
-      # According to RFC 2109:
-      #   If multiple cookies satisfy the criteria above, they are ordered in
-      #   the Cookie header such that those with more specific Path attributes
-      #   precede those with less specific.  Ordering with respect to other
-      #   attributes (e.g., Domain) is unspecified.
-      cookies = parse_query(header, ';,') { |s| unescape(s) rescue s }
-      cookies.each_with_object({}) { |(k,v), hash| hash[k] = Array === v ? v.first : v }
+      # According to RFC 6265:
+      # The syntax for cookie headers only supports semicolons
+      # User Agent -> Server ==
+      # Cookie: SID=31d4d96e407aad42; lang=en-US
+      return {} unless header
+      header.split(/[;] */n).each_with_object({}) do |cookie, cookies|
+        next if cookie.empty?
+        key, value = cookie.split('=', 2)
+        cookies[key] = (unescape(value) rescue value) unless cookies.key?(key)
+      end
     end
-    module_function :parse_cookies_header
 
     def add_cookie_to_header(header, key, value)
       case value
@@ -221,41 +226,19 @@ module Rack
         domain  = "; domain=#{value[:domain]}"   if value[:domain]
         path    = "; path=#{value[:path]}"       if value[:path]
         max_age = "; max-age=#{value[:max_age]}" if value[:max_age]
-        # There is an RFC mess in the area of date formatting for Cookies. Not
-        # only are there contradicting RFCs and examples within RFC text, but
-        # there are also numerous conflicting names of fields and partially
-        # cross-applicable specifications.
-        #
-        # These are best described in RFC 2616 3.3.1. This RFC text also
-        # specifies that RFC 822 as updated by RFC 1123 is preferred. That is a
-        # fixed length format with space-date delimited fields.
-        #
-        # See also RFC 1123 section 5.2.14.
-        #
-        # RFC 6265 also specifies "sane-cookie-date" as RFC 1123 date, defined
-        # in RFC 2616 3.3.1. RFC 6265 also gives examples that clearly denote
-        # the space delimited format. These formats are compliant with RFC 2822.
-        #
-        # For reference, all involved RFCs are:
-        # RFC 822
-        # RFC 1123
-        # RFC 2109
-        # RFC 2616
-        # RFC 2822
-        # RFC 2965
-        # RFC 6265
-        expires = "; expires=" +
-          rfc2822(value[:expires].clone.gmtime) if value[:expires]
+        expires = "; expires=#{value[:expires].httpdate}" if value[:expires]
         secure = "; secure"  if value[:secure]
         httponly = "; HttpOnly" if (value.key?(:httponly) ? value[:httponly] : value[:http_only])
         same_site =
           case value[:same_site]
           when false, nil
             nil
+          when :none, 'None', :None
+            '; SameSite=None'
           when :lax, 'Lax', :Lax
-            '; SameSite=Lax'.freeze
+            '; SameSite=Lax'
           when true, :strict, 'Strict', :Strict
-            '; SameSite=Strict'.freeze
+            '; SameSite=Strict'
           else
             raise ArgumentError, "Invalid SameSite value: #{value[:same_site].inspect}"
           end
@@ -277,13 +260,11 @@ module Rack
         raise ArgumentError, "Unrecognized cookie header value. Expected String, Array, or nil, got #{header.inspect}"
       end
     end
-    module_function :add_cookie_to_header
 
     def set_cookie_header!(header, key, value)
       header[SET_COOKIE] = add_cookie_to_header(header[SET_COOKIE], key, value)
       nil
     end
-    module_function :set_cookie_header!
 
     def make_delete_cookie_header(header, key, value)
       case header
@@ -295,25 +276,30 @@ module Rack
         cookies = header
       end
 
-      cookies.reject! { |cookie|
-        if value[:domain]
-          cookie =~ /\A#{escape(key)}=.*domain=#{value[:domain]}/
-        elsif value[:path]
-          cookie =~ /\A#{escape(key)}=.*path=#{value[:path]}/
-        else
-          cookie =~ /\A#{escape(key)}=/
-        end
-      }
+      key = escape(key)
+      domain = value[:domain]
+      path = value[:path]
+      regexp = if domain
+                 if path
+                   /\A#{key}=.*(?:domain=#{domain}(?:;|$).*path=#{path}(?:;|$)|path=#{path}(?:;|$).*domain=#{domain}(?:;|$))/
+                 else
+                   /\A#{key}=.*domain=#{domain}(?:;|$)/
+                 end
+               elsif path
+                 /\A#{key}=.*path=#{path}(?:;|$)/
+               else
+                 /\A#{key}=/
+               end
+
+      cookies.reject! { |cookie| regexp.match? cookie }
 
       cookies.join("\n")
     end
-    module_function :make_delete_cookie_header
 
     def delete_cookie_header!(header, key, value = {})
       header[SET_COOKIE] = add_remove_cookie_to_header(header[SET_COOKIE], key, value)
       nil
     end
-    module_function :delete_cookie_header!
 
     # Adds a cookie that will *remove* a cookie from the client.  Hence the
     # strange method name.
@@ -321,17 +307,15 @@ module Rack
       new_header = make_delete_cookie_header(header, key, value)
 
       add_cookie_to_header(new_header, key,
-                 {:value => '', :path => nil, :domain => nil,
-                   :max_age => '0',
-                   :expires => Time.at(0) }.merge(value))
+                 { value: '', path: nil, domain: nil,
+                   max_age: '0',
+                   expires: Time.at(0) }.merge(value))
 
     end
-    module_function :add_remove_cookie_to_header
 
     def rfc2822(time)
       time.rfc2822
     end
-    module_function :rfc2822
 
     # Modified version of stdlib time.rb Time#rfc2822 to use '%d-%b-%Y' instead
     # of '% %b %Y'.
@@ -347,7 +331,6 @@ module Rack
       mon = Time::RFC2822_MONTH_NAME[time.mon - 1]
       time.strftime("#{wday}, %d-#{mon}-%Y %H:%M:%S GMT")
     end
-    module_function :rfc2109
 
     # Parses the "Range:" header, if present, into an array of Range objects.
     # Returns nil if the header is missing or syntactically invalid.
@@ -356,7 +339,6 @@ module Rack
       warn "`byte_ranges` is deprecated, please use `get_byte_ranges`" if $VERBOSE
       get_byte_ranges env['HTTP_RANGE'], size
     end
-    module_function :byte_ranges
 
     def get_byte_ranges(http_range, size)
       # See <http://www.w3.org/Protocols/rfc2616/rfc2616-sec14.html#sec14.35>
@@ -364,7 +346,7 @@ module Rack
       ranges = []
       $1.split(/,\s*/).each do |range_spec|
         return nil  unless range_spec =~ /(\d*)-(\d*)/
-        r0,r1 = $1, $2
+        r0, r1 = $1, $2
         if r0.empty?
           return nil  if r1.empty?
           # suffix-byte-range-spec, represents trailing suffix of file
@@ -378,14 +360,13 @@ module Rack
           else
             r1 = r1.to_i
             return nil  if r1 < r0  # backwards range is syntactically invalid
-            r1 = size-1  if r1 >= size
+            r1 = size - 1  if r1 >= size
           end
         end
         ranges << (r0..r1)  if r0 <= r1
       end
       ranges
     end
-    module_function :get_byte_ranges
 
     # Constant time string comparison.
     #
@@ -399,10 +380,9 @@ module Rack
       l = a.unpack("C*")
 
       r, i = 0, -1
-      b.each_byte { |v| r |= v ^ l[i+=1] }
+      b.each_byte { |v| r |= v ^ l[i += 1] }
       r == 0
     end
-    module_function :secure_compare
 
     # Context allows the use of a compatible middleware at different points
     # in a request handling stack. A compatible middleware must define
@@ -425,19 +405,25 @@ module Rack
         self.class.new(@for, app)
       end
 
-      def context(env, app=@app)
+      def context(env, app = @app)
         recontext(app).call(env)
       end
     end
 
     # A case-insensitive Hash that preserves the original case of a
     # header when set.
-    class HeaderHash < Hash
-      def self.new(hash={})
-        HeaderHash === hash ? hash : super(hash)
+    #
+    # @api private
+    class HeaderHash < Hash # :nodoc:
+      def self.[](headers)
+        if headers.is_a?(HeaderHash) && !headers.frozen?
+          return headers
+        else
+          return self.new(headers)
+        end
       end
 
-      def initialize(hash={})
+      def initialize(hash = {})
         super()
         @names = {}
         hash.each { |k, v| self[k] = v }
@@ -449,6 +435,12 @@ module Rack
         @names = other.names.dup
       end
 
+      # on clear, we need to clear @names hash
+      def clear
+        super
+        @names.clear
+      end
+
       def each
         super do |k, v|
           yield(k, v.respond_to?(:to_ary) ? v.to_ary.join("\n") : v)
@@ -457,7 +449,7 @@ module Rack
 
       def to_hash
         hash = {}
-        each { |k,v| hash[k] = v }
+        each { |k, v| hash[k] = v }
         hash
       end
 
@@ -510,13 +502,14 @@ module Rack
 
     # Every standard HTTP code mapped to the appropriate message.
     # Generated with:
-    # curl -s https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes-1.csv | \
-    #   ruby -ne 'm = /^(\d{3}),(?!Unassigned|\(Unused\))([^,]+)/.match($_) and \
-    #             puts "#{m[1]} => \x27#{m[2].strip}\x27,"'
+    #   curl -s https://www.iana.org/assignments/http-status-codes/http-status-codes-1.csv | \
+    #     ruby -ne 'm = /^(\d{3}),(?!Unassigned|\(Unused\))([^,]+)/.match($_) and \
+    #               puts "#{m[1]} => \x27#{m[2].strip}\x27,"'
     HTTP_STATUS_CODES = {
       100 => 'Continue',
       101 => 'Switching Protocols',
       102 => 'Processing',
+      103 => 'Early Hints',
       200 => 'OK',
       201 => 'Created',
       202 => 'Accepted',
@@ -533,6 +526,7 @@ module Rack
       303 => 'See Other',
       304 => 'Not Modified',
       305 => 'Use Proxy',
+      306 => '(Unused)',
       307 => 'Temporary Redirect',
       308 => 'Permanent Redirect',
       400 => 'Bad Request',
@@ -557,6 +551,7 @@ module Rack
       422 => 'Unprocessable Entity',
       423 => 'Locked',
       424 => 'Failed Dependency',
+      425 => 'Too Early',
       426 => 'Upgrade Required',
       428 => 'Precondition Required',
       429 => 'Too Many Requests',
@@ -571,12 +566,13 @@ module Rack
       506 => 'Variant Also Negotiates',
       507 => 'Insufficient Storage',
       508 => 'Loop Detected',
+      509 => 'Bandwidth Limit Exceeded',
       510 => 'Not Extended',
       511 => 'Network Authentication Required'
     }
 
     # Responses with HTTP status codes that should not have an entity body
-    STATUS_WITH_NO_ENTITY_BODY = Set.new((100..199).to_a << 204 << 304)
+    STATUS_WITH_NO_ENTITY_BODY = Hash[((100..199).to_a << 204 << 304).product([true])]
 
     SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE = Hash[*HTTP_STATUS_CODES.map { |code, message|
       [message.downcase.gsub(/\s|-|'/, '_').to_sym, code]
@@ -584,12 +580,11 @@ module Rack
 
     def status_code(status)
       if status.is_a?(Symbol)
-        SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE[status] || 500
+        SYMBOL_TO_STATUS_CODE.fetch(status) { raise ArgumentError, "Unrecognized status code #{status.inspect}" }
       else
         status.to_i
       end
     end
-    module_function :status_code
 
     PATH_SEPS = Regexp.union(*[::File::SEPARATOR, ::File::ALT_SEPARATOR].compact)
 
@@ -603,18 +598,16 @@ module Rack
         part == '..' ? clean.pop : clean << part
       end
 
-      clean.unshift '/' if parts.empty? || parts.first.empty?
-
-      ::File.join(*clean)
+      clean_path = clean.join(::File::SEPARATOR)
+      clean_path.prepend("/") if parts.empty? || parts.first.empty?
+      clean_path
     end
-    module_function :clean_path_info
 
-    NULL_BYTE = "\0".freeze
+    NULL_BYTE = "\0"
 
     def valid_path?(path)
       path.valid_encoding? && !path.include?(NULL_BYTE)
     end
-    module_function :valid_path?
 
   end
 end