RubyGems - rack - Versions diffs - 1.5.5 → 1.6.2 - Mend

rack 1.5.5 → 1.6.2

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checksums.yaml +4 -4
data/COPYING +1 -1
data/HISTORY.md +351 -0
data/KNOWN-ISSUES +14 -0
data/README.rdoc +44 -358
data/Rakefile +3 -4
data/SPEC +64 -37
data/lib/rack.rb +13 -2
data/lib/rack/auth/abstract/handler.rb +4 -4
data/lib/rack/auth/abstract/request.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/auth/basic.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/auth/digest/md5.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/auth/digest/request.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/backports/uri/common_18.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/builder.rb +19 -4
data/lib/rack/cascade.rb +3 -3
data/lib/rack/chunked.rb +14 -3
data/lib/rack/commonlogger.rb +17 -9
data/lib/rack/conditionalget.rb +17 -5
data/lib/rack/content_length.rb +7 -3
data/lib/rack/content_type.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/deflater.rb +54 -16
data/lib/rack/directory.rb +13 -7
data/lib/rack/etag.rb +20 -11
data/lib/rack/file.rb +41 -27
data/lib/rack/handler.rb +4 -2
data/lib/rack/handler/cgi.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/handler/fastcgi.rb +5 -2
data/lib/rack/handler/lsws.rb +1 -1
data/lib/rack/handler/mongrel.rb +9 -3
data/lib/rack/handler/scgi.rb +6 -3
data/lib/rack/handler/thin.rb +8 -2
data/lib/rack/handler/webrick.rb +51 -10
data/lib/rack/head.rb +8 -3
data/lib/rack/lint.rb +105 -44
data/lib/rack/lobster.rb +10 -5
data/lib/rack/methodoverride.rb +16 -5
data/lib/rack/mime.rb +2 -15
data/lib/rack/mock.rb +22 -14
data/lib/rack/multipart.rb +2 -2
data/lib/rack/multipart/parser.rb +122 -54
data/lib/rack/multipart/uploaded_file.rb +2 -2
data/lib/rack/nulllogger.rb +21 -2
data/lib/rack/recursive.rb +6 -5
data/lib/rack/request.rb +44 -30
data/lib/rack/response.rb +13 -6
data/lib/rack/runtime.rb +16 -3
data/lib/rack/sendfile.rb +12 -7
data/lib/rack/server.rb +41 -16
data/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb +7 -6
data/lib/rack/session/cookie.rb +17 -7
data/lib/rack/session/memcache.rb +4 -4
data/lib/rack/session/pool.rb +3 -6
data/lib/rack/showexceptions.rb +20 -11
data/lib/rack/showstatus.rb +4 -4
data/lib/rack/static.rb +30 -33
data/lib/rack/tempfile_reaper.rb +22 -0
data/lib/rack/urlmap.rb +19 -5
data/lib/rack/utils.rb +81 -38
data/rack.gemspec +4 -4
data/test/multipart/filename_and_no_name +6 -0
data/test/multipart/invalid_character +6 -0
data/test/spec_body_proxy.rb +16 -0
data/test/spec_builder.rb +13 -4
data/test/spec_cgi.rb +1 -1
data/test/spec_chunked.rb +16 -0
data/test/spec_commonlogger.rb +36 -0
data/test/spec_content_length.rb +3 -1
data/test/spec_deflater.rb +283 -148
data/test/spec_etag.rb +11 -2
data/test/spec_fastcgi.rb +1 -1
data/test/spec_file.rb +11 -3
data/test/spec_handler.rb +4 -0
data/test/spec_head.rb +2 -0
data/test/spec_lint.rb +48 -20
data/test/spec_lobster.rb +1 -1
data/test/spec_mock.rb +8 -0
data/test/spec_mongrel.rb +1 -1
data/test/spec_multipart.rb +111 -27
data/test/spec_request.rb +111 -10
data/test/spec_response.rb +30 -0
data/test/spec_server.rb +31 -7
data/test/spec_session_cookie.rb +45 -2
data/test/spec_session_memcache.rb +1 -1
data/test/spec_showexceptions.rb +29 -36
data/test/spec_showstatus.rb +19 -0
data/test/spec_tempfile_reaper.rb +63 -0
data/test/spec_urlmap.rb +23 -0
data/test/spec_utils.rb +65 -3
data/test/spec_version.rb +17 -0
data/test/spec_webrick.rb +42 -1
metadata +13 -6
data/test/cgi/lighttpd.errors +0 -1
data/test/multipart/three_files_three_fields +0 -31

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data/COPYING CHANGED Viewed

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 Christian Neukirchen <purl.org/net/chneukirchen>
+Copyright (c) 2007-2015 Christian Neukirchen <purl.org/net/chneukirchen>
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to

data/HISTORY.md ADDED Viewed

@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+Fri Jun 12 11:37:41 2015  Aaron Patterson <tenderlove@ruby-lang.org>
+	* Prevent extremely deep parameters from being parsed. CVE-2015-3225
+### December 18th, Thirty sixth public release 1.6.0
+### February 7th, Thirty fifth public release 1.5.2
+  - Fix CVE-2013-0263, timing attack against Rack::Session::Cookie
+  - Fix CVE-2013-0262, symlink path traversal in Rack::File
+  - Add various methods to Session for enhanced Rails compatibility
+  - Request#trusted_proxy? now only matches whole stirngs
+  - Add JSON cookie coder, to be default in Rack 1.6+ due to security concerns
+  - URLMap host matching in environments that don't set the Host header fixed
+  - Fix a race condition that could result in overwritten pidfiles
+  - Various documentation additions
+### February 7th, Thirty fifth public release 1.4.5
+  - Fix CVE-2013-0263, timing attack against Rack::Session::Cookie
+  - Fix CVE-2013-0262, symlink path traversal in Rack::File
+### February 7th, Thirty fifth public release 1.1.6, 1.2.8, 1.3.10
+  - Fix CVE-2013-0263, timing attack against Rack::Session::Cookie
+### January 28th, 2013: Thirty fourth public release 1.5.1
+  - Rack::Lint check_hijack now conforms to other parts of SPEC
+  - Added hash-like methods to Abstract::ID::SessionHash for compatibility
+  - Various documentation corrections
+### January 21st, 2013: Thirty third public release 1.5.0
+  - Introduced hijack SPEC, for before-response and after-response hijacking
+  - SessionHash is no longer a Hash subclass
+  - Rack::File cache_control parameter is removed, in place of headers options
+  - Rack::Auth::AbstractRequest#scheme now yields strings, not symbols
+  - Rack::Utils cookie functions now format expires in RFC 2822 format
+  - Rack::File now has a default mime type
+  - rackup -b 'run Rack::File.new(".")', option provides command line configs
+  - Rack::Deflater will no longer double encode bodies
+  - Rack::Mime#match? provides convenience for Accept header matching
+  - Rack::Utils#q_values provides splitting for Accept headers
+  - Rack::Utils#best_q_match provides a helper for Accept headers
+  - Rack::Handler.pick provides convenience for finding available servers
+  - Puma added to the list of default servers (preferred over Webrick)
+  - Various middleware now correctly close body when replacing it
+  - Rack::Request#params is no longer persistent with only GET params
+  - Rack::Request#update_param and #delete_param provide persistent operations
+  - Rack::Request#trusted_proxy? now returns true for local unix sockets
+  - Rack::Response no longer forces Content-Types
+  - Rack::Sendfile provides local mapping configuration options
+  - Rack::Utils#rfc2109 provides old netscape style time output
+  - Updated HTTP status codes
+  - Ruby 1.8.6 likely no longer passes tests, and is no longer fully supported
+### January 13th, 2013: Thirty second public release 1.4.4, 1.3.9, 1.2.7, 1.1.5
+  - [SEC] Rack::Auth::AbstractRequest no longer symbolizes arbitrary strings
+  - Fixed erroneous test case in the 1.3.x series
+### January 7th, 2013: Thirty first public release 1.4.3
+  - Security: Prevent unbounded reads in large multipart boundaries
+### January 7th, 2013: Thirtieth public release 1.3.8
+  - Security: Prevent unbounded reads in large multipart boundaries
+### January 6th, 2013: Twenty ninth public release 1.4.2
+  - Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
+  - Fix parsing performance for unquoted filenames
+  - Updated URI backports
+  - Fix URI backport version matching, and silence constant warnings
+  - Correct parameter parsing with empty values
+  - Correct rackup '-I' flag, to allow multiple uses
+  - Correct rackup pidfile handling
+  - Report rackup line numbers correctly
+  - Fix request loops caused by non-stale nonces with time limits
+  - Fix reloader on Windows
+  - Prevent infinite recursions from Response#to_ary
+  - Various middleware better conforms to the body close specification
+  - Updated language for the body close specification
+  - Additional notes regarding ECMA escape compatibility issues
+  - Fix the parsing of multiple ranges in range headers
+  - Prevent errors from empty parameter keys
+  - Added PATCH verb to Rack::Request
+  - Various documentation updates
+  - Fix session merge semantics (fixes rack-test)
+  - Rack::Static :index can now handle multiple directories
+  - All tests now utilize Rack::Lint (special thanks to Lars Gierth)
+  - Rack::File cache_control parameter is now deprecated, and removed by 1.5
+  - Correct Rack::Directory script name escaping
+  - Rack::Static supports header rules for sophisticated configurations
+  - Multipart parsing now works without a Content-Length header
+  - New logos courtesy of Zachary Scott!
+  - Rack::BodyProxy now explicitly defines #each, useful for C extensions
+  - Cookies that are not URI escaped no longer cause exceptions
+### January 6th, 2013: Twenty eighth public release 1.3.7
+  - Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
+  - Fix parsing performance for unquoted filenames
+  - Updated URI backports
+  - Fix URI backport version matching, and silence constant warnings
+  - Correct parameter parsing with empty values
+  - Correct rackup '-I' flag, to allow multiple uses
+  - Correct rackup pidfile handling
+  - Report rackup line numbers correctly
+  - Fix request loops caused by non-stale nonces with time limits
+  - Fix reloader on Windows
+  - Prevent infinite recursions from Response#to_ary
+  - Various middleware better conforms to the body close specification
+  - Updated language for the body close specification
+  - Additional notes regarding ECMA escape compatibility issues
+  - Fix the parsing of multiple ranges in range headers
+### January 6th, 2013: Twenty seventh public release 1.2.6
+  - Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
+  - Fix parsing performance for unquoted filenames
+### January 6th, 2013: Twenty sixth public release 1.1.4
+  - Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
+### January 22nd, 2012: Twenty fifth public release 1.4.1
+  - Alter the keyspace limit calculations to reduce issues with nested params
+  - Add a workaround for multipart parsing where files contain unescaped "%"
+  - Added Rack::Response::Helpers#method_not_allowed? (code 405)
+  - Rack::File now returns 404 for illegal directory traversals
+  - Rack::File now returns 405 for illegal methods (non HEAD/GET)
+  - Rack::Cascade now catches 405 by default, as well as 404
+  - Cookies missing '--' no longer cause an exception to be raised
+  - Various style changes and documentation spelling errors
+  - Rack::BodyProxy always ensures to execute its block
+  - Additional test coverage around cookies and secrets
+  - Rack::Session::Cookie can now be supplied either secret or old_secret
+  - Tests are no longer dependent on set order
+  - Rack::Static no longer defaults to serving index files
+  - Rack.release was fixed
+### December 28th, 2011: Twenty fourth public release 1.4.0
+  - Ruby 1.8.6 support has officially been dropped. Not all tests pass.
+  - Raise sane error messages for broken config.ru
+  - Allow combining run and map in a config.ru
+  - Rack::ContentType will not set Content-Type for responses without a body
+  - Status code 205 does not send a response body
+  - Rack::Response::Helpers will not rely on instance variables
+  - Rack::Utils.build_query no longer outputs '=' for nil query values
+  - Various mime types added
+  - Rack::MockRequest now supports HEAD
+  - Rack::Directory now supports files that contain RFC3986 reserved chars
+  - Rack::File now only supports GET and HEAD requests
+  - Rack::Server#start now passes the block to Rack::Handler::<h>#run
+  - Rack::Static now supports an index option
+  - Added the Teapot status code
+  - rackup now defaults to Thin instead of Mongrel (if installed)
+  - Support added for HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SCHEME
+  - Numerous bug fixes, including many fixes for new and alternate rubies
+### December 28th, 2011: Twenty first public release: 1.1.3.
+  - Security fix. http://www.ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2011-003.html
+    Further information here: http://jruby.org/2011/12/27/jruby-1-6-5-1
+### October 17, 2011: Twentieth public release 1.3.5
+  - Fix annoying warnings caused by the backport in 1.3.4
+### October 1, 2011: Nineteenth public release 1.3.4
+  - Backport security fix from 1.9.3, also fixes some roundtrip issues in URI
+  - Small documentation update
+  - Fix an issue where BodyProxy could cause an infinite recursion
+  - Add some supporting files for travis-ci
+### September 16, 2011: Eighteenth public release 1.2.4
+  - Fix a bug with MRI regex engine to prevent XSS by malformed unicode
+### September 16, 2011: Seventeenth public release 1.3.3
+  - Fix bug with broken query parameters in Rack::ShowExceptions
+  - Rack::Request#cookies no longer swallows exceptions on broken input
+  - Prevents XSS attacks enabled by bug in Ruby 1.8's regexp engine
+  - Rack::ConditionalGet handles broken If-Modified-Since helpers
+### July 16, 2011: Sixteenth public release 1.3.2
+  - Fix for Rails and rack-test, Rack::Utils#escape calls to_s
+### July 13, 2011: Fifteenth public release 1.3.1
+  - Fix 1.9.1 support
+  - Fix JRuby support
+  - Properly handle $KCODE in Rack::Utils.escape
+  - Make method_missing/respond_to behavior consistent for Rack::Lock,
+    Rack::Auth::Digest::Request and Rack::Multipart::UploadedFile
+  - Reenable passing rack.session to session middleware
+  - Rack::CommonLogger handles streaming responses correctly
+  - Rack::MockResponse calls close on the body object
+  - Fix a DOS vector from MRI stdlib backport
+### May 22nd, 2011: Fourteenth public release 1.2.3
+  - Pulled in relevant bug fixes from 1.3
+  - Fixed 1.8.6 support
+### May 22nd, 2011: Thirteenth public release 1.3.0
+  - Various performance optimizations
+  - Various multipart fixes
+  - Various multipart refactors
+  - Infinite loop fix for multipart
+  - Test coverage for Rack::Server returns
+  - Allow files with '..', but not path components that are '..'
+  - rackup accepts handler-specific options on the command line
+  - Request#params no longer merges POST into GET (but returns the same)
+  - Use URI.encode_www_form_component instead. Use core methods for escaping.
+  - Allow multi-line comments in the config file
+  - Bug L#94 reported by Nikolai Lugovoi, query parameter unescaping.
+  - Rack::Response now deletes Content-Length when appropriate
+  - Rack::Deflater now supports streaming
+  - Improved Rack::Handler loading and searching
+  - Support for the PATCH verb
+  - env['rack.session.options'] now contains session options
+  - Cookies respect renew
+  - Session middleware uses SecureRandom.hex
+### March 13th, 2011: Twelfth public release 1.2.2/1.1.2.
+  - Security fix in Rack::Auth::Digest::MD5: when authenticator
+    returned nil, permission was granted on empty password.
+### June 15th, 2010: Eleventh public release 1.2.1.
+  - Make CGI handler rewindable
+  - Rename spec/ to test/ to not conflict with SPEC on lesser
+    operating systems
+### June 13th, 2010: Tenth public release 1.2.0.
+  - Removed Camping adapter: Camping 2.0 supports Rack as-is
+  - Removed parsing of quoted values
+  - Add Request.trace? and Request.options?
+  - Add mime-type for .webm and .htc
+  - Fix HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR
+  - Various multipart fixes
+  - Switch test suite to bacon
+### January 3rd, 2010: Ninth public release 1.1.0.
+  - Moved Auth::OpenID to rack-contrib.
+  - SPEC change that relaxes Lint slightly to allow subclasses of the
+    required types
+  - SPEC change to document rack.input binary mode in greator detail
+  - SPEC define optional rack.logger specification
+  - File servers support X-Cascade header
+  - Imported Config middleware
+  - Imported ETag middleware
+  - Imported Runtime middleware
+  - Imported Sendfile middleware
+  - New Logger and NullLogger middlewares
+  - Added mime type for .ogv and .manifest.
+  - Don't squeeze PATH_INFO slashes
+  - Use Content-Type to determine POST params parsing
+  - Update Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES hash
+  - Add status code lookup utility
+  - Response should call #to_i on the status
+  - Add Request#user_agent
+  - Request#host knows about forwared host
+  - Return an empty string for Request#host if HTTP_HOST and
+    SERVER_NAME are both missing
+  - Allow MockRequest to accept hash params
+  - Optimizations to HeaderHash
+  - Refactored rackup into Rack::Server
+  - Added Utils.build_nested_query to complement Utils.parse_nested_query
+  - Added Utils::Multipart.build_multipart to complement
+    Utils::Multipart.parse_multipart
+  - Extracted set and delete cookie helpers into Utils so they can be
+    used outside Response
+  - Extract parse_query and parse_multipart in Request so subclasses
+    can change their behavior
+  - Enforce binary encoding in RewindableInput
+  - Set correct external_encoding for handlers that don't use RewindableInput
+### October 18th, 2009: Eighth public release 1.0.1.
+  - Bump remainder of rack.versions.
+  - Support the pure Ruby FCGI implementation.
+  - Fix for form names containing "=": split first then unescape components
+  - Fixes the handling of the filename parameter with semicolons in names.
+  - Add anchor to nested params parsing regexp to prevent stack overflows
+  - Use more compatible gzip write api instead of "<<".
+  - Make sure that Reloader doesn't break when executed via ruby -e
+  - Make sure WEBrick respects the :Host option
+  - Many Ruby 1.9 fixes.
+### April 25th, 2009: Seventh public release 1.0.0.
+  - SPEC change: Rack::VERSION has been pushed to [1,0].
+  - SPEC change: header values must be Strings now, split on "\n".
+  - SPEC change: Content-Length can be missing, in this case chunked transfer
+    encoding is used.
+  - SPEC change: rack.input must be rewindable and support reading into
+    a buffer, wrap with Rack::RewindableInput if it isn't.
+  - SPEC change: rack.session is now specified.
+  - SPEC change: Bodies can now additionally respond to #to_path with
+    a filename to be served.
+  - NOTE: String bodies break in 1.9, use an Array consisting of a
+    single String instead.
+  - New middleware Rack::Lock.
+  - New middleware Rack::ContentType.
+  - Rack::Reloader has been rewritten.
+  - Major update to Rack::Auth::OpenID.
+  - Support for nested parameter parsing in Rack::Response.
+  - Support for redirects in Rack::Response.
+  - HttpOnly cookie support in Rack::Response.
+  - The Rakefile has been rewritten.
+  - Many bugfixes and small improvements.
+### January 9th, 2009: Sixth public release 0.9.1.
+  - Fix directory traversal exploits in Rack::File and Rack::Directory.
+### January 6th, 2009: Fifth public release 0.9.
+  - Rack is now managed by the Rack Core Team.
+  - Rack::Lint is stricter and follows the HTTP RFCs more closely.
+  - Added ConditionalGet middleware.
+  - Added ContentLength middleware.
+  - Added Deflater middleware.
+  - Added Head middleware.
+  - Added MethodOverride middleware.
+  - Rack::Mime now provides popular MIME-types and their extension.
+  - Mongrel Header now streams.
+  - Added Thin handler.
+  - Official support for swiftiplied Mongrel.
+  - Secure cookies.
+  - Made HeaderHash case-preserving.
+  - Many bugfixes and small improvements.
+### August 21st, 2008: Fourth public release 0.4.
+  - New middleware, Rack::Deflater, by Christoffer Sawicki.
+  - OpenID authentication now needs ruby-openid 2.
+  - New Memcache sessions, by blink.
+  - Explicit EventedMongrel handler, by Joshua Peek <josh@joshpeek.com>
+  - Rack::Reloader is not loaded in rackup development mode.
+  - rackup can daemonize with -D.
+  - Many bugfixes, especially for pool sessions, URLMap, thread safety
+    and tempfile handling.
+  - Improved tests.
+  - Rack moved to Git.
+### February 26th, 2008: Third public release 0.3.
+  - LiteSpeed handler, by Adrian Madrid.
+  - SCGI handler, by Jeremy Evans.
+  - Pool sessions, by blink.
+  - OpenID authentication, by blink.
+  - :Port and :File options for opening FastCGI sockets, by blink.
+  - Last-Modified HTTP header for Rack::File, by blink.
+  - Rack::Builder#use now accepts blocks, by Corey Jewett.
+    (See example/protectedlobster.ru)
+  - HTTP status 201 can contain a Content-Type and a body now.
+  - Many bugfixes, especially related to Cookie handling.
+### May 16th, 2007: Second public release 0.2.
+  - HTTP Basic authentication.
+  - Cookie Sessions.
+  - Static file handler.
+  - Improved Rack::Request.
+  - Improved Rack::Response.
+  - Added Rack::ShowStatus, for better default error messages.
+  - Bug fixes in the Camping adapter.
+  - Removed Rails adapter, was too alpha.
+### March 3rd, 2007: First public release 0.1.

data/KNOWN-ISSUES CHANGED Viewed

@@ -28,3 +28,17 @@
   Since lighttpd 1.4.23, you also can use the "fix-root-scriptname" flag
   in fastcgi.server.
+= Known conflicts regarding parameter parsing
+ * Many users have differing opinions about parameter parsing. The current
+   parameter parsers in Rack are based on a combination of the HTTP and CGI
+   specs, and are intended to round-trip encoding and decoding. There are some
+   choices that may be viewed as deficiencies, specifically:
+    - Rack does not create implicit arrays for multiple instances of a parameter
+    - Rack returns nil when a value is not given
+    - Rack does not support multi-type keys in parameters
+   These issues or choices, will not be fixed before 2.0, if at all. They are
+   very major breaking changes. Users are free to write alternative parameter
+   parsers, and their own Request and Response wrappers. Moreover, users are
+   encouraged to do so.

data/README.rdoc CHANGED Viewed

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-= Rack, a modular Ruby webserver interface {<img src="https://secure.travis-ci.org/rack/rack.png" alt="Build Status" />}[http://travis-ci.org/rack/rack] {<img src="https://gemnasium.com/rack/rack.png" alt="Dependency Status" />}[https://gemnasium.com/rack/rack]
+= Rack, a modular Ruby webserver interface {<img src="https://secure.travis-ci.org/rack/rack.svg" alt="Build Status" />}[http://travis-ci.org/rack/rack] {<img src="https://gemnasium.com/rack/rack.svg" alt="Dependency Status" />}[https://gemnasium.com/rack/rack]
 Rack provides a minimal, modular and adaptable interface for developing
 web applications in Ruby.  By wrapping HTTP requests and responses in
@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ These web servers include Rack handlers in their distributions:
 * Unicorn
 * unixrack
 * uWSGI
+* yahns
 * Zbatery
 Any valid Rack app will run the same on all these handlers, without
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@ The plethora of useful middleware created the need for a project that
 collects fresh Rack middleware.  rack-contrib includes a variety of
 add-on components for Rack and it is easy to contribute new modules.
-* http://github.com/rack/rack-contrib
+* https://github.com/rack/rack-contrib
 == rackup
@@ -180,360 +181,40 @@ Installing the Ruby fcgi gem:
 Furthermore, to test Memcache sessions, you need memcached (will be
 run on port 11211) and memcache-client installed.
+== Configuration
+Several parameters can be modified on Rack::Utils to configure Rack behaviour.
+e.g:
+    Rack::Utils.key_space_limit = 128
+=== key_space_limit
+The default number of bytes to allow a single parameter key to take up.
+This helps prevent a rogue client from flooding a Request.
+Default to 65536 characters (4 kiB in worst case).
+=== multipart_part_limit
+The maximum number of parts a request can contain.
+Accepting too many part can lead to the server running out of file handles.
+The default is 128, which means that a single request can't upload more than 128 files at once.
+Set to 0 for no limit.
+Can also be set via the RACK_MULTIPART_PART_LIMIT environment variable.
 == History
-* March 3rd, 2007: First public release 0.1.
-* May 16th, 2007: Second public release 0.2.
-  * HTTP Basic authentication.
-  * Cookie Sessions.
-  * Static file handler.
-  * Improved Rack::Request.
-  * Improved Rack::Response.
-  * Added Rack::ShowStatus, for better default error messages.
-  * Bug fixes in the Camping adapter.
-  * Removed Rails adapter, was too alpha.
-* February 26th, 2008: Third public release 0.3.
-  * LiteSpeed handler, by Adrian Madrid.
-  * SCGI handler, by Jeremy Evans.
-  * Pool sessions, by blink.
-  * OpenID authentication, by blink.
-  * :Port and :File options for opening FastCGI sockets, by blink.
-  * Last-Modified HTTP header for Rack::File, by blink.
-  * Rack::Builder#use now accepts blocks, by Corey Jewett.
-    (See example/protectedlobster.ru)
-  * HTTP status 201 can contain a Content-Type and a body now.
-  * Many bugfixes, especially related to Cookie handling.
-* August 21st, 2008: Fourth public release 0.4.
-  * New middleware, Rack::Deflater, by Christoffer Sawicki.
-  * OpenID authentication now needs ruby-openid 2.
-  * New Memcache sessions, by blink.
-  * Explicit EventedMongrel handler, by Joshua Peek <josh@joshpeek.com>
-  * Rack::Reloader is not loaded in rackup development mode.
-  * rackup can daemonize with -D.
-  * Many bugfixes, especially for pool sessions, URLMap, thread safety
-    and tempfile handling.
-  * Improved tests.
-  * Rack moved to Git.
-* January 6th, 2009: Fifth public release 0.9.
-  * Rack is now managed by the Rack Core Team.
-  * Rack::Lint is stricter and follows the HTTP RFCs more closely.
-  * Added ConditionalGet middleware.
-  * Added ContentLength middleware.
-  * Added Deflater middleware.
-  * Added Head middleware.
-  * Added MethodOverride middleware.
-  * Rack::Mime now provides popular MIME-types and their extension.
-  * Mongrel Header now streams.
-  * Added Thin handler.
-  * Official support for swiftiplied Mongrel.
-  * Secure cookies.
-  * Made HeaderHash case-preserving.
-  * Many bugfixes and small improvements.
-* January 9th, 2009: Sixth public release 0.9.1.
-  * Fix directory traversal exploits in Rack::File and Rack::Directory.
-* April 25th, 2009: Seventh public release 1.0.0.
-  * SPEC change: Rack::VERSION has been pushed to [1,0].
-  * SPEC change: header values must be Strings now, split on "\n".
-  * SPEC change: Content-Length can be missing, in this case chunked transfer
-    encoding is used.
-  * SPEC change: rack.input must be rewindable and support reading into
-    a buffer, wrap with Rack::RewindableInput if it isn't.
-  * SPEC change: rack.session is now specified.
-  * SPEC change: Bodies can now additionally respond to #to_path with
-    a filename to be served.
-  * NOTE: String bodies break in 1.9, use an Array consisting of a
-    single String instead.
-  * New middleware Rack::Lock.
-  * New middleware Rack::ContentType.
-  * Rack::Reloader has been rewritten.
-  * Major update to Rack::Auth::OpenID.
-  * Support for nested parameter parsing in Rack::Response.
-  * Support for redirects in Rack::Response.
-  * HttpOnly cookie support in Rack::Response.
-  * The Rakefile has been rewritten.
-  * Many bugfixes and small improvements.
-* October 18th, 2009: Eighth public release 1.0.1.
-  * Bump remainder of rack.versions.
-  * Support the pure Ruby FCGI implementation.
-  * Fix for form names containing "=": split first then unescape components
-  * Fixes the handling of the filename parameter with semicolons in names.
-  * Add anchor to nested params parsing regexp to prevent stack overflows
-  * Use more compatible gzip write api instead of "<<".
-  * Make sure that Reloader doesn't break when executed via ruby -e
-  * Make sure WEBrick respects the :Host option
-  * Many Ruby 1.9 fixes.
-* January 3rd, 2010: Ninth public release 1.1.0.
-  * Moved Auth::OpenID to rack-contrib.
-  * SPEC change that relaxes Lint slightly to allow subclasses of the
-    required types
-  * SPEC change to document rack.input binary mode in greator detail
-  * SPEC define optional rack.logger specification
-  * File servers support X-Cascade header
-  * Imported Config middleware
-  * Imported ETag middleware
-  * Imported Runtime middleware
-  * Imported Sendfile middleware
-  * New Logger and NullLogger middlewares
-  * Added mime type for .ogv and .manifest.
-  * Don't squeeze PATH_INFO slashes
-  * Use Content-Type to determine POST params parsing
-  * Update Rack::Utils::HTTP_STATUS_CODES hash
-  * Add status code lookup utility
-  * Response should call #to_i on the status
-  * Add Request#user_agent
-  * Request#host knows about forwared host
-  * Return an empty string for Request#host if HTTP_HOST and
-    SERVER_NAME are both missing
-  * Allow MockRequest to accept hash params
-  * Optimizations to HeaderHash
-  * Refactored rackup into Rack::Server
-  * Added Utils.build_nested_query to complement Utils.parse_nested_query
-  * Added Utils::Multipart.build_multipart to complement
-    Utils::Multipart.parse_multipart
-  * Extracted set and delete cookie helpers into Utils so they can be
-    used outside Response
-  * Extract parse_query and parse_multipart in Request so subclasses
-    can change their behavior
-  * Enforce binary encoding in RewindableInput
-  * Set correct external_encoding for handlers that don't use RewindableInput
-* June 13th, 2010: Tenth public release 1.2.0.
-  * Removed Camping adapter: Camping 2.0 supports Rack as-is
-  * Removed parsing of quoted values
-  * Add Request.trace? and Request.options?
-  * Add mime-type for .webm and .htc
-  * Fix HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR
-  * Various multipart fixes
-  * Switch test suite to bacon
-* June 15th, 2010: Eleventh public release 1.2.1.
-  * Make CGI handler rewindable
-  * Rename spec/ to test/ to not conflict with SPEC on lesser
-    operating systems
-* March 13th, 2011: Twelfth public release 1.2.2/1.1.2.
-  * Security fix in Rack::Auth::Digest::MD5: when authenticator
-    returned nil, permission was granted on empty password.
-* May 22nd, 2011: Thirteenth public release 1.3.0
-  * Various performance optimizations
-  * Various multipart fixes
-  * Various multipart refactors
-  * Infinite loop fix for multipart
-  * Test coverage for Rack::Server returns
-  * Allow files with '..', but not path components that are '..'
-  * rackup accepts handler-specific options on the command line
-  * Request#params no longer merges POST into GET (but returns the same)
-  * Use URI.encode_www_form_component instead. Use core methods for escaping.
-  * Allow multi-line comments in the config file
-  * Bug L#94 reported by Nikolai Lugovoi, query parameter unescaping.
-  * Rack::Response now deletes Content-Length when appropriate
-  * Rack::Deflater now supports streaming
-  * Improved Rack::Handler loading and searching
-  * Support for the PATCH verb
-  * env['rack.session.options'] now contains session options
-  * Cookies respect renew
-  * Session middleware uses SecureRandom.hex
-* May 22nd, 2011: Fourteenth public release 1.2.3
-  * Pulled in relevant bug fixes from 1.3
-  * Fixed 1.8.6 support
-* July 13, 2011: Fifteenth public release 1.3.1
-  * Fix 1.9.1 support
-  * Fix JRuby support
-  * Properly handle $KCODE in Rack::Utils.escape
-  * Make method_missing/respond_to behavior consistent for Rack::Lock,
-    Rack::Auth::Digest::Request and Rack::Multipart::UploadedFile
-  * Reenable passing rack.session to session middleware
-  * Rack::CommonLogger handles streaming responses correctly
-  * Rack::MockResponse calls close on the body object
-  * Fix a DOS vector from MRI stdlib backport
-* July 16, 2011: Sixteenth public release 1.3.2
-  * Fix for Rails and rack-test, Rack::Utils#escape calls to_s
-* September 16, 2011: Seventeenth public release 1.3.3
-  * Fix bug with broken query parameters in Rack::ShowExceptions
-  * Rack::Request#cookies no longer swallows exceptions on broken input
-  * Prevents XSS attacks enabled by bug in Ruby 1.8's regexp engine
-  * Rack::ConditionalGet handles broken If-Modified-Since helpers
-* September 16, 2011: Eighteenth public release 1.2.4
-  * Fix a bug with MRI regex engine to prevent XSS by malformed unicode
-* October 1, 2011: Nineteenth public release 1.3.4
-  * Backport security fix from 1.9.3, also fixes some roundtrip issues in URI
-  * Small documentation update
-  * Fix an issue where BodyProxy could cause an infinite recursion
-  * Add some supporting files for travis-ci
-* October 17, 2011: Twentieth public release 1.3.5
-  * Fix annoying warnings caused by the backport in 1.3.4
-* December 28th, 2011: Twenty first public release: 1.1.3.
-  * Security fix. http://www.ocert.org/advisories/ocert-2011-003.html
-    Further information here: http://jruby.org/2011/12/27/jruby-1-6-5-1
-* December 28th, 2011: Twenty fourth public release 1.4.0
-  * Ruby 1.8.6 support has officially been dropped. Not all tests pass.
-  * Raise sane error messages for broken config.ru
-  * Allow combining run and map in a config.ru
-  * Rack::ContentType will not set Content-Type for responses without a body
-  * Status code 205 does not send a response body
-  * Rack::Response::Helpers will not rely on instance variables
-  * Rack::Utils.build_query no longer outputs '=' for nil query values
-  * Various mime types added
-  * Rack::MockRequest now supports HEAD
-  * Rack::Directory now supports files that contain RFC3986 reserved chars
-  * Rack::File now only supports GET and HEAD requests
-  * Rack::Server#start now passes the block to Rack::Handler::<h>#run
-  * Rack::Static now supports an index option
-  * Added the Teapot status code
-  * rackup now defaults to Thin instead of Mongrel (if installed)
-  * Support added for HTTP_X_FORWARDED_SCHEME
-  * Numerous bug fixes, including many fixes for new and alternate rubies
-* January 22nd, 2012: Twenty fifth public release 1.4.1
-  * Alter the keyspace limit calculations to reduce issues with nested params
-  * Add a workaround for multipart parsing where files contain unescaped "%"
-  * Added Rack::Response::Helpers#method_not_allowed? (code 405)
-  * Rack::File now returns 404 for illegal directory traversals
-  * Rack::File now returns 405 for illegal methods (non HEAD/GET)
-  * Rack::Cascade now catches 405 by default, as well as 404
-  * Cookies missing '--' no longer cause an exception to be raised
-  * Various style changes and documentation spelling errors
-  * Rack::BodyProxy always ensures to execute its block
-  * Additional test coverage around cookies and secrets
-  * Rack::Session::Cookie can now be supplied either secret or old_secret
-  * Tests are no longer dependent on set order
-  * Rack::Static no longer defaults to serving index files
-  * Rack.release was fixed
-* January 6th, 2013: Twenty sixth public release 1.1.4
-  * Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
-* January 6th, 2013: Twenty seventh public release 1.2.6
-  * Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
-  * Fix parsing performance for unquoted filenames
-* January 6th, 2013: Twenty eighth public release 1.3.7
-  * Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
-  * Fix parsing performance for unquoted filenames
-  * Updated URI backports
-  * Fix URI backport version matching, and silence constant warnings
-  * Correct parameter parsing with empty values
-  * Correct rackup '-I' flag, to allow multiple uses
-  * Correct rackup pidfile handling
-  * Report rackup line numbers correctly
-  * Fix request loops caused by non-stale nonces with time limits
-  * Fix reloader on Windows
-  * Prevent infinite recursions from Response#to_ary
-  * Various middleware better conforms to the body close specification
-  * Updated language for the body close specification
-  * Additional notes regarding ECMA escape compatibility issues
-  * Fix the parsing of multiple ranges in range headers
-* January 6th, 2013: Twenty ninth public release 1.4.2
-  * Add warnings when users do not provide a session secret
-  * Fix parsing performance for unquoted filenames
-  * Updated URI backports
-  * Fix URI backport version matching, and silence constant warnings
-  * Correct parameter parsing with empty values
-  * Correct rackup '-I' flag, to allow multiple uses
-  * Correct rackup pidfile handling
-  * Report rackup line numbers correctly
-  * Fix request loops caused by non-stale nonces with time limits
-  * Fix reloader on Windows
-  * Prevent infinite recursions from Response#to_ary
-  * Various middleware better conforms to the body close specification
-  * Updated language for the body close specification
-  * Additional notes regarding ECMA escape compatibility issues
-  * Fix the parsing of multiple ranges in range headers
-  * Prevent errors from empty parameter keys
-  * Added PATCH verb to Rack::Request
-  * Various documentation updates
-  * Fix session merge semantics (fixes rack-test)
-  * Rack::Static :index can now handle multiple directories
-  * All tests now utilize Rack::Lint (special thanks to Lars Gierth)
-  * Rack::File cache_control parameter is now deprecated, and removed by 1.5
-  * Correct Rack::Directory script name escaping
-  * Rack::Static supports header rules for sophisticated configurations
-  * Multipart parsing now works without a Content-Length header
-  * New logos courtesy of Zachary Scott!
-  * Rack::BodyProxy now explicitly defines #each, useful for C extensions
-  * Cookies that are not URI escaped no longer cause exceptions
-* January 7th, 2013: Thirtieth public release 1.3.8
-  * Security: Prevent unbounded reads in large multipart boundaries
-* January 7th, 2013: Thirty first public release 1.4.3
-  * Security: Prevent unbounded reads in large multipart boundaries
-* January 13th, 2013: Thirty second public release 1.4.4, 1.3.9, 1.2.7, 1.1.5
-  * [SEC] Rack::Auth::AbstractRequest no longer symbolizes arbitrary strings
-  * Fixed erroneous test case in the 1.3.x series
-* January 21st, 2013: Thirty third public release 1.5.0
-  * Introduced hijack SPEC, for before-response and after-response hijacking
-  * SessionHash is no longer a Hash subclass
-  * Rack::File cache_control parameter is removed, in place of headers options
-  * Rack::Auth::AbstractRequest#scheme now yields strings, not symbols
-  * Rack::Utils cookie functions now format expires in RFC 2822 format
-  * Rack::File now has a default mime type
-  * rackup -b 'run Rack::File.new(".")', option provides command line configs
-  * Rack::Deflater will no longer double encode bodies
-  * Rack::Mime#match? provides convenience for Accept header matching
-  * Rack::Utils#q_values provides splitting for Accept headers
-  * Rack::Utils#best_q_match provides a helper for Accept headers
-  * Rack::Handler.pick provides convenience for finding available servers
-  * Puma added to the list of default servers (preferred over Webrick)
-  * Various middleware now correctly close body when replacing it
-  * Rack::Request#params is no longer persistent with only GET params
-  * Rack::Request#update_param and #delete_param provide persistent operations
-  * Rack::Request#trusted_proxy? now returns true for local unix sockets
-  * Rack::Response no longer forces Content-Types
-  * Rack::Sendfile provides local mapping configuration options
-  * Rack::Utils#rfc2109 provides old netscape style time output
-  * Updated HTTP status codes
-  * Ruby 1.8.6 likely no longer passes tests, and is no longer fully supported
-* January 28th, 2013: Thirty fourth public release 1.5.1
-  * Rack::Lint check_hijack now conforms to other parts of SPEC
-  * Added hash-like methods to Abstract::ID::SessionHash for compatibility
-  * Various documentation corrections
-* February 7th, Thirty fifth public release 1.1.6, 1.2.8, 1.3.10
-  * Fix CVE-2013-0263, timing attack against Rack::Session::Cookie
-* February 7th, Thirty fifth public release 1.4.5
-  * Fix CVE-2013-0263, timing attack against Rack::Session::Cookie
-  * Fix CVE-2013-0262, symlink path traversal in Rack::File
-* February 7th, Thirty fifth public release 1.5.2
-  * Fix CVE-2013-0263, timing attack against Rack::Session::Cookie
-  * Fix CVE-2013-0262, symlink path traversal in Rack::File
-  * Add various methods to Session for enhanced Rails compatibility
-  * Request#trusted_proxy? now only matches whole stirngs
-  * Add JSON cookie coder, to be default in Rack 1.6+ due to security concerns
-  * URLMap host matching in environments that don't set the Host header fixed
-  * Fix a race condition that could result in overwritten pidfiles
-  * Various documentation additions
-* Prevent extremely deep parameters from being parsed. CVE-2015-3225
+See <https://github.com/rack/HISTORY.md>.
 == Contact
 Please post bugs, suggestions and patches to
-the bug tracker at <http://github.com/rack/rack/issues>.
+the bug tracker at <https://github.com/rack/rack/issues>.
 Please post security related bugs and suggestions to the core team at
 <https://groups.google.com/group/rack-core> or rack-core@googlegroups.com. This
@@ -542,10 +223,10 @@ that we manage timing in order to provide viable patches at the time of
 disclosure. Your assistance in this matter is greatly appreciated.
 Mailing list archives are available at
-<http://groups.google.com/group/rack-devel>.
+<https://groups.google.com/group/rack-devel>.
 Git repository (send Git patches to the mailing list):
-* http://github.com/rack/rack
+* https://github.com/rack/rack
 * http://git.vuxu.org/cgi-bin/gitweb.cgi?p=rack-github.git
 You are also welcome to join the #rack channel on irc.freenode.net.
@@ -557,12 +238,17 @@ The Rack Core Team, consisting of
 * Christian Neukirchen (chneukirchen)
 * James Tucker (raggi)
 * Josh Peek (josh)
+* José Valim (josevalim)
 * Michael Fellinger (manveru)
-* Ryan Tomayko (rtomayko)
-* Scytrin dai Kinthra (scytrin)
 * Aaron Patterson (tenderlove)
+* Santiago Pastorino (spastorino)
 * Konstantin Haase (rkh)
+and the Rack Alumnis
+* Ryan Tomayko (rtomayko)
+* Scytrin dai Kinthra (scytrin)
 would like to thank:
 * Adrian Madrid, for the LiteSpeed handler.
@@ -616,10 +302,10 @@ CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 == Links
-Rack:: <http://rack.github.com/>
-Official Rack repositories:: <http://github.com/rack>
-Rack Bug Tracking:: <http://github.com/rack/rack/issues>
-rack-devel mailing list:: <http://groups.google.com/group/rack-devel>
+Rack:: <http://rack.github.io/>
+Official Rack repositories:: <https://github.com/rack>
+Rack Bug Tracking:: <https://github.com/rack/rack/issues>
+rack-devel mailing list:: <https://groups.google.com/group/rack-devel>
 Rack's Rubyforge project:: <http://rubyforge.org/projects/rack>
 Christian Neukirchen:: <http://chneukirchen.org/>