rack-mail_exception 0.0.1

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (321) hide show
  1. data/.document +5 -0
  2. data/.gitignore +22 -0
  3. data/LICENSE +20 -0
  4. data/README.rdoc +38 -0
  5. data/Rakefile +56 -0
  6. data/VERSION +1 -0
  7. data/lib/rack/mail_exception.rb +103 -0
  8. data/test/helper.rb +13 -0
  9. data/test/test_rack_mail_exception.rb +93 -0
  10. data/vendor/mail/.bundle/config +2 -0
  11. data/vendor/mail/CHANGELOG.rdoc +370 -0
  12. data/vendor/mail/Dependencies.txt +3 -0
  13. data/vendor/mail/Gemfile +17 -0
  14. data/vendor/mail/README.rdoc +572 -0
  15. data/vendor/mail/ROADMAP +92 -0
  16. data/vendor/mail/Rakefile +41 -0
  17. data/vendor/mail/TODO.rdoc +9 -0
  18. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail.rb +76 -0
  19. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/attachments_list.rb +99 -0
  20. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/body.rb +287 -0
  21. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/configuration.rb +67 -0
  22. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/core_extensions/blank.rb +26 -0
  23. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/core_extensions/nil.rb +11 -0
  24. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/core_extensions/string.rb +27 -0
  25. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements.rb +14 -0
  26. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/address.rb +306 -0
  27. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/address_list.rb +74 -0
  28. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/content_disposition_element.rb +30 -0
  29. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/content_location_element.rb +25 -0
  30. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/content_transfer_encoding_element.rb +24 -0
  31. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/content_type_element.rb +35 -0
  32. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/date_time_element.rb +26 -0
  33. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/envelope_from_element.rb +34 -0
  34. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/message_ids_element.rb +29 -0
  35. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/mime_version_element.rb +26 -0
  36. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/phrase_list.rb +21 -0
  37. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/elements/received_element.rb +30 -0
  38. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/encodings.rb +258 -0
  39. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/encodings/7bit.rb +31 -0
  40. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/encodings/8bit.rb +31 -0
  41. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/encodings/base64.rb +33 -0
  42. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/encodings/binary.rb +31 -0
  43. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/encodings/quoted_printable.rb +38 -0
  44. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/encodings/transfer_encoding.rb +58 -0
  45. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/envelope.rb +35 -0
  46. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/field.rb +223 -0
  47. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/field_list.rb +33 -0
  48. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields.rb +35 -0
  49. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/bcc_field.rb +56 -0
  50. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/cc_field.rb +55 -0
  51. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/comments_field.rb +41 -0
  52. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/common/address_container.rb +16 -0
  53. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/common/common_address.rb +125 -0
  54. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/common/common_date.rb +42 -0
  55. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/common/common_field.rb +50 -0
  56. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/common/common_message_id.rb +43 -0
  57. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/common/parameter_hash.rb +52 -0
  58. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/content_description_field.rb +19 -0
  59. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/content_disposition_field.rb +69 -0
  60. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/content_id_field.rb +63 -0
  61. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/content_location_field.rb +42 -0
  62. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/content_transfer_encoding_field.rb +50 -0
  63. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/content_type_field.rb +185 -0
  64. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/date_field.rb +55 -0
  65. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/from_field.rb +55 -0
  66. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/in_reply_to_field.rb +55 -0
  67. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/keywords_field.rb +44 -0
  68. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/message_id_field.rb +83 -0
  69. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/mime_version_field.rb +53 -0
  70. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/optional_field.rb +13 -0
  71. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/received_field.rb +67 -0
  72. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/references_field.rb +55 -0
  73. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/reply_to_field.rb +55 -0
  74. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/resent_bcc_field.rb +55 -0
  75. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/resent_cc_field.rb +55 -0
  76. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/resent_date_field.rb +35 -0
  77. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/resent_from_field.rb +55 -0
  78. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/resent_message_id_field.rb +34 -0
  79. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/resent_sender_field.rb +62 -0
  80. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/resent_to_field.rb +55 -0
  81. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/return_path_field.rb +64 -0
  82. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/sender_field.rb +67 -0
  83. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/structured_field.rb +51 -0
  84. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/subject_field.rb +16 -0
  85. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/to_field.rb +55 -0
  86. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/fields/unstructured_field.rb +166 -0
  87. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/header.rb +262 -0
  88. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/mail.rb +234 -0
  89. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/message.rb +1867 -0
  90. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/network.rb +9 -0
  91. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/file_delivery.rb +40 -0
  92. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/sendmail.rb +62 -0
  93. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp.rb +110 -0
  94. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/test_mailer.rb +40 -0
  95. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/network/retriever_methods/imap.rb +18 -0
  96. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/network/retriever_methods/pop3.rb +149 -0
  97. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/address_lists.rb +64 -0
  98. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/address_lists.treetop +19 -0
  99. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_disposition.rb +387 -0
  100. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_disposition.treetop +46 -0
  101. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_location.rb +139 -0
  102. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_location.treetop +20 -0
  103. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_transfer_encoding.rb +162 -0
  104. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_transfer_encoding.treetop +20 -0
  105. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_type.rb +539 -0
  106. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/content_type.treetop +58 -0
  107. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/date_time.rb +114 -0
  108. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/date_time.treetop +11 -0
  109. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/envelope_from.rb +194 -0
  110. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/envelope_from.treetop +32 -0
  111. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/message_ids.rb +45 -0
  112. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/message_ids.treetop +15 -0
  113. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/mime_version.rb +144 -0
  114. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/mime_version.treetop +19 -0
  115. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/phrase_lists.rb +45 -0
  116. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/phrase_lists.treetop +15 -0
  117. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/received.rb +71 -0
  118. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/received.treetop +11 -0
  119. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/rfc2045.rb +464 -0
  120. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/rfc2045.treetop +36 -0
  121. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/rfc2822.rb +5318 -0
  122. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/rfc2822.treetop +410 -0
  123. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/rfc2822_obsolete.rb +3757 -0
  124. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parsers/rfc2822_obsolete.treetop +241 -0
  125. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/part.rb +102 -0
  126. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/parts_list.rb +34 -0
  127. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/patterns.rb +30 -0
  128. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/utilities.rb +181 -0
  129. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/version.rb +10 -0
  130. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/version_specific/ruby_1_8.rb +97 -0
  131. data/vendor/mail/lib/mail/version_specific/ruby_1_9.rb +87 -0
  132. data/vendor/mail/lib/tasks/corpus.rake +125 -0
  133. data/vendor/mail/lib/tasks/treetop.rake +10 -0
  134. data/vendor/mail/mail.gemspec +20 -0
  135. data/vendor/mail/reference/US ASCII Table.txt +130 -0
  136. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1035 Domain Implementation and Specification.txt +3083 -0
  137. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1049 Content-Type Header Field for Internet Messages.txt +451 -0
  138. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1344 Implications of MIME for Internet Mail Gateways.txt +586 -0
  139. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1345 Character Mnemonics & Character Sets.txt +5761 -0
  140. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1524 A User Agent Configuration Mechanism For Multimedia Mail Format Information.txt +675 -0
  141. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1652 SMTP Service Extension for 8bit-MIMEtransport.txt +339 -0
  142. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1892 Multipart Report .txt +227 -0
  143. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc1893 Mail System Status Codes.txt +843 -0
  144. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2045 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (1).txt +1739 -0
  145. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2046 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (2).txt +2467 -0
  146. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2047 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (3).txt +843 -0
  147. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2048 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (4).txt +1180 -0
  148. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2049 Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (5).txt +1347 -0
  149. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2111 Content-ID and Message-ID URLs.txt +283 -0
  150. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2183 Content-Disposition Header Field.txt +675 -0
  151. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2231 MIME Parameter Value and Encoded Word Extensions.txt +563 -0
  152. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2387 MIME Multipart-Related Content-type.txt +563 -0
  153. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2821 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.txt +3711 -0
  154. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc2822 Internet Message Format.txt +2859 -0
  155. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc3462 Reporting of Mail System Administrative Messages.txt +396 -0
  156. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc3696 Checking and Transformation of Names.txt +898 -0
  157. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc4155 The application-mbox Media Type.txt +502 -0
  158. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc4234 Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF.txt +899 -0
  159. data/vendor/mail/reference/rfc822 Standard for the Format of ARPA Internet Text Messages.txt +2900 -0
  160. data/vendor/mail/spec/environment.rb +15 -0
  161. data/vendor/mail/spec/features/making_a_new_message.feature +14 -0
  162. data/vendor/mail/spec/features/steps/env.rb +6 -0
  163. data/vendor/mail/spec/features/steps/making_a_new_message_steps.rb +11 -0
  164. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments/basic_email.eml +31 -0
  165. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments/test.gif +0 -0
  166. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments/test.jpg +0 -0
  167. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments/test.pdf +0 -0
  168. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments/test.png +0 -0
  169. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments/test.tiff +0 -0
  170. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments/test.zip +0 -0
  171. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/attachments//343/201/246/343/201/231/343/201/250.txt +2 -0
  172. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/attachment_emails/attachment_content_disposition.eml +29 -0
  173. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/attachment_emails/attachment_content_location.eml +32 -0
  174. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/attachment_emails/attachment_message_rfc822.eml +92 -0
  175. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/attachment_emails/attachment_only_email.eml +17 -0
  176. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/attachment_emails/attachment_pdf.eml +70 -0
  177. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/attachment_emails/attachment_with_encoded_name.eml +47 -0
  178. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/attachment_emails/attachment_with_quoted_filename.eml +60 -0
  179. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/cant_parse_from.eml +33 -0
  180. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_7-bit.eml +231 -0
  181. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_empty.eml +33 -0
  182. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_plain.eml +148 -0
  183. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_qp_with_space.eml +53 -0
  184. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_spam.eml +44 -0
  185. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_text-html.eml +50 -0
  186. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_with_8bits.eml +770 -0
  187. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_with_semi_colon.eml +269 -0
  188. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/content_transfer_encoding_x_uuencode.eml +79 -0
  189. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/empty_group_lists.eml +162 -0
  190. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/header_fields_with_empty_values.eml +33 -0
  191. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/missing_body.eml +16 -0
  192. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/missing_content_disposition.eml +43 -0
  193. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/error_emails/multiple_content_types.eml +25 -0
  194. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email11.eml +34 -0
  195. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email12.eml +32 -0
  196. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email2.eml +114 -0
  197. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email4.eml +59 -0
  198. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email7.eml +66 -0
  199. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email_encoded_stack_level_too_deep.eml +53 -0
  200. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email_with_illegal_boundary.eml +58 -0
  201. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email_with_mimepart_without_content_type.eml +94 -0
  202. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email_with_multipart_mixed_quoted_boundary.eml +50 -0
  203. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email_with_nested_attachment.eml +100 -0
  204. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/raw_email_with_quoted_illegal_boundary.eml +58 -0
  205. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/sig_only_email.eml +29 -0
  206. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/mime_emails/two_from_in_message.eml +42 -0
  207. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/multi_charset/japanese.eml +9 -0
  208. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/multi_charset/japanese_attachment.eml +27 -0
  209. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/multi_charset/japanese_attachment_long_name.eml +44 -0
  210. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/multipart_report_emails/multi_address_bounce1.eml +179 -0
  211. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/multipart_report_emails/multi_address_bounce2.eml +179 -0
  212. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/multipart_report_emails/report_422.eml +98 -0
  213. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/multipart_report_emails/report_530.eml +97 -0
  214. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/basic_email.eml +31 -0
  215. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email.eml +14 -0
  216. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email10.eml +20 -0
  217. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email5.eml +19 -0
  218. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email6.eml +20 -0
  219. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email8.eml +47 -0
  220. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_bad_time.eml +62 -0
  221. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_double_at_in_header.eml +14 -0
  222. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_incorrect_header.eml +28 -0
  223. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_multiple_from.eml +30 -0
  224. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_quoted_with_0d0a.eml +14 -0
  225. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_reply.eml +32 -0
  226. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_simple.eml +11 -0
  227. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_string_in_date_field.eml +17 -0
  228. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_trailing_dot.eml +21 -0
  229. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_with_bad_date.eml +48 -0
  230. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/plain_emails/raw_email_with_partially_quoted_subject.eml +14 -0
  231. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example01.eml +8 -0
  232. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example02.eml +9 -0
  233. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example03.eml +7 -0
  234. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example04.eml +7 -0
  235. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example05.eml +8 -0
  236. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example06.eml +10 -0
  237. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example07.eml +9 -0
  238. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example08.eml +12 -0
  239. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example09.eml +15 -0
  240. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example10.eml +15 -0
  241. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example11.eml +6 -0
  242. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example12.eml +8 -0
  243. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/rfc2822/example13.eml +10 -0
  244. data/vendor/mail/spec/fixtures/emails/sample_output_multipart +0 -0
  245. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/attachments_list_spec.rb +214 -0
  246. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/body_spec.rb +385 -0
  247. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/configuration_spec.rb +19 -0
  248. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/core_extensions/string_spec.rb +62 -0
  249. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/core_extensions_spec.rb +99 -0
  250. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/elements/address_list_spec.rb +109 -0
  251. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/elements/address_spec.rb +609 -0
  252. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/elements/date_time_element_spec.rb +20 -0
  253. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/elements/envelope_from_element_spec.rb +31 -0
  254. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/elements/message_ids_element_spec.rb +43 -0
  255. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/elements/phrase_list_spec.rb +22 -0
  256. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/elements/received_element_spec.rb +34 -0
  257. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/encoding_spec.rb +189 -0
  258. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/encodings/base64_spec.rb +25 -0
  259. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/encodings/quoted_printable_spec.rb +25 -0
  260. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/encodings_spec.rb +664 -0
  261. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/example_emails_spec.rb +303 -0
  262. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/field_list_spec.rb +33 -0
  263. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/field_spec.rb +198 -0
  264. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/bcc_field_spec.rb +89 -0
  265. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/cc_field_spec.rb +79 -0
  266. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/comments_field_spec.rb +25 -0
  267. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/common/address_container_spec.rb +18 -0
  268. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/common/common_address_spec.rb +132 -0
  269. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/common/common_date_spec.rb +25 -0
  270. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/common/common_field_spec.rb +69 -0
  271. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/common/common_message_id_spec.rb +30 -0
  272. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/common/parameter_hash_spec.rb +56 -0
  273. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/content_description_field_spec.rb +39 -0
  274. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/content_disposition_field_spec.rb +55 -0
  275. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/content_id_field_spec.rb +117 -0
  276. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/content_location_field_spec.rb +46 -0
  277. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/content_transfer_encoding_field_spec.rb +113 -0
  278. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/content_type_field_spec.rb +678 -0
  279. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/date_field_spec.rb +73 -0
  280. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/envelope_spec.rb +48 -0
  281. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/from_field_spec.rb +89 -0
  282. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/in_reply_to_field_spec.rb +62 -0
  283. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/keywords_field_spec.rb +66 -0
  284. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/message_id_field_spec.rb +147 -0
  285. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/mime_version_field_spec.rb +166 -0
  286. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/received_field_spec.rb +44 -0
  287. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/references_field_spec.rb +35 -0
  288. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/reply_to_field_spec.rb +67 -0
  289. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/resent_bcc_field_spec.rb +66 -0
  290. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/resent_cc_field_spec.rb +66 -0
  291. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/resent_date_field_spec.rb +39 -0
  292. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/resent_from_field_spec.rb +66 -0
  293. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/resent_message_id_field_spec.rb +24 -0
  294. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/resent_sender_field_spec.rb +58 -0
  295. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/resent_to_field_spec.rb +66 -0
  296. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/return_path_field_spec.rb +52 -0
  297. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/sender_field_spec.rb +58 -0
  298. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/structured_field_spec.rb +72 -0
  299. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/to_field_spec.rb +92 -0
  300. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/fields/unstructured_field_spec.rb +134 -0
  301. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/header_spec.rb +578 -0
  302. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/mail_spec.rb +34 -0
  303. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/message_spec.rb +1409 -0
  304. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/mime_messages_spec.rb +435 -0
  305. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/multipart_report_spec.rb +112 -0
  306. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/network/delivery_methods/file_delivery_spec.rb +79 -0
  307. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/network/delivery_methods/sendmail_spec.rb +125 -0
  308. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp_spec.rb +133 -0
  309. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/network/delivery_methods/test_mailer_spec.rb +57 -0
  310. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/network/retriever_methods/pop3_spec.rb +180 -0
  311. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/network_spec.rb +359 -0
  312. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/parsers/address_lists_parser_spec.rb +15 -0
  313. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/parsers/content_transfer_encoding_parser_spec.rb +72 -0
  314. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/part_spec.rb +129 -0
  315. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/parts_list_spec.rb +12 -0
  316. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/round_tripping_spec.rb +44 -0
  317. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/utilities_spec.rb +327 -0
  318. data/vendor/mail/spec/mail/version_specific/escape_paren_1_8_spec.rb +32 -0
  319. data/vendor/mail/spec/matchers/break_down_to.rb +35 -0
  320. data/vendor/mail/spec/spec_helper.rb +163 -0
  321. metadata +442 -0
@@ -0,0 +1,899 @@
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ Network Working Group D. Crocker, Ed.
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+ Request for Comments: 4234 Brandenburg InternetWorking
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+ Obsoletes: 2234 P. Overell
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+ Category: Standards Track THUS plc.
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+ October 2005
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+
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+
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+ Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF
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+
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+ Status of This Memo
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+
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+ This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for the
19
+ Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions for
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+ improvements. Please refer to the current edition of the "Internet
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+ Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the standardization state
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+ and status of this protocol. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
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+
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+ Copyright Notice
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+
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+ Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
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+
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+ Abstract
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+
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+ Internet technical specifications often need to define a formal
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+ syntax. Over the years, a modified version of Backus-Naur Form
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+ (BNF), called Augmented BNF (ABNF), has been popular among many
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+ Internet specifications. The current specification documents ABNF.
34
+ It balances compactness and simplicity, with reasonable
35
+ representational power. The differences between standard BNF and
36
+ ABNF involve naming rules, repetition, alternatives, order-
37
+ independence, and value ranges. This specification also supplies
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+ additional rule definitions and encoding for a core lexical analyzer
39
+ of the type common to several Internet specifications.
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 1]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ Table of Contents
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+
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+ 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................2
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+ 2. RULE DEFINITION .................................................3
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+ 2.1. Rule Naming ................................................3
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+ 2.2. Rule Form ..................................................3
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+ 2.3. Terminal Values ............................................4
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+ 2.4. External Encodings .........................................5
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+ 3. OPERATORS .......................................................6
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+ 3.1. Concatenation: Rule1 Rule2 ................................6
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+ 3.2. Alternatives: Rule1 / Rule2 ...............................6
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+ 3.3. Incremental Alternatives: Rule1 =/ Rule2 ...................7
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+ 3.4. Value Range Alternatives: %c##-## .........................7
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+ 3.5. Sequence Group: (Rule1 Rule2) .............................8
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+ 3.6. Variable Repetition: *Rule ................................8
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+ 3.7. Specific Repetition: nRule ................................9
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+ 3.8. Optional Sequence: [RULE] .................................9
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+ 3.9. Comment: ; Comment ........................................9
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+ 3.10. Operator Precedence .......................................9
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+ 4. ABNF DEFINITION OF ABNF ........................................10
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+ 5. SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS ........................................11
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+ 6. References .....................................................11
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+ 6.1. Normative References ......................................11
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+ 6.2. Informative References ....................................11
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+ Appendix A. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .....................................13
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+ Appendix B. APPENDIX - CORE ABNF OF ABNF .........................13
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+ B.1. Core Rules ...............................................13
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+ B.2. Common Encoding ..........................................14
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+
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+ 1. INTRODUCTION
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+
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+ Internet technical specifications often need to define a formal
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+ syntax and are free to employ whatever notation their authors deem
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+ useful. Over the years, a modified version of Backus-Naur Form
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+ (BNF), called Augmented BNF (ABNF), has been popular among many
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+ Internet specifications. It balances compactness and simplicity,
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+ with reasonable representational power. In the early days of the
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+ Arpanet, each specification contained its own definition of ABNF.
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+ This included the email specifications, [RFC733] and then [RFC822],
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+ which came to be the common citations for defining ABNF. The current
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+ document separates those definitions to permit selective reference.
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+ Predictably, it also provides some modifications and enhancements.
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+
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+ The differences between standard BNF and ABNF involve naming rules,
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+ repetition, alternatives, order-independence, and value ranges.
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+ Appendix B supplies rule definitions and encoding for a core lexical
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+ analyzer of the type common to several Internet specifications. It
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+ is provided as a convenience and is otherwise separate from the meta
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 2]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ language defined in the body of this document, and separate from its
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+ formal status.
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+
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+ Changes since [RFC2234]:
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+
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+ In Section 3.7, the phrase: "That is, exactly <N> occurrences of
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+ <element>." was corrected to: "That is, exactly <n> occurrences of
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+ <element>."
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+
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+ Some continuation comment lines needed to be corrected to begin
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+ with comment character (";").
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+
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+ 2. RULE DEFINITION
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+
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+ 2.1. Rule Naming
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+
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+ The name of a rule is simply the name itself; that is, a sequence of
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+ characters, beginning with an alphabetic character, and followed by a
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+ combination of alphabetics, digits, and hyphens (dashes).
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+
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+ NOTE:
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+
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+ Rule names are case-insensitive
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+
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+ The names <rulename>, <Rulename>, <RULENAME>, and <rUlENamE> all
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+ refer to the same rule.
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+
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+ Unlike original BNF, angle brackets ("<", ">") are not required.
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+ However, angle brackets may be used around a rule name whenever their
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+ presence facilitates in discerning the use of a rule name. This is
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+ typically restricted to rule name references in free-form prose, or
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+ to distinguish partial rules that combine into a string not separated
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+ by white space, such as shown in the discussion about repetition,
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+ below.
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+
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+ 2.2. Rule Form
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+
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+ A rule is defined by the following sequence:
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+
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+ name = elements crlf
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+
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+ where <name> is the name of the rule, <elements> is one or more rule
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+ names or terminal specifications, and <crlf> is the end-of-line
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+ indicator (carriage return followed by line feed). The equal sign
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+ separates the name from the definition of the rule. The elements
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+ form a sequence of one or more rule names and/or value definitions,
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+ combined according to the various operators defined in this document,
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+ such as alternative and repetition.
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 3]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ For visual ease, rule definitions are left aligned. When a rule
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+ requires multiple lines, the continuation lines are indented. The
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+ left alignment and indentation are relative to the first lines of the
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+ ABNF rules and need not match the left margin of the document.
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+
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+ 2.3. Terminal Values
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+
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+ Rules resolve into a string of terminal values, sometimes called
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+ characters. In ABNF, a character is merely a non-negative integer.
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+ In certain contexts, a specific mapping (encoding) of values into a
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+ character set (such as ASCII) will be specified.
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+
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+ Terminals are specified by one or more numeric characters, with the
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+ base interpretation of those characters indicated explicitly. The
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+ following bases are currently defined:
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+
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+ b = binary
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+
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+ d = decimal
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+
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+ x = hexadecimal
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+
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+ Hence:
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+
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+ CR = %d13
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+
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+ CR = %x0D
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+
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+ respectively specify the decimal and hexadecimal representation of
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+ [US-ASCII] for carriage return.
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+
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+ A concatenated string of such values is specified compactly, using a
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+ period (".") to indicate a separation of characters within that
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+ value. Hence:
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+
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+ CRLF = %d13.10
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+
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+ ABNF permits the specification of literal text strings directly,
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+ enclosed in quotation-marks. Hence:
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+
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+ command = "command string"
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+
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+ Literal text strings are interpreted as a concatenated set of
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+ printable characters.
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 4]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ NOTE:
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+
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+ ABNF strings are case-insensitive and the character set for these
234
+ strings is us-ascii.
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+
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+ Hence:
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+
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+ rulename = "abc"
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+
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+ and:
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+
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+ rulename = "aBc"
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+
244
+ will match "abc", "Abc", "aBc", "abC", "ABc", "aBC", "AbC", and
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+ "ABC".
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+
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+ To specify a rule that IS case SENSITIVE, specify the characters
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+ individually.
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+
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+ For example:
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+
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+ rulename = %d97 %d98 %d99
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+
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+ or
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+
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+ rulename = %d97.98.99
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+
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+ will match only the string that comprises only the lowercased
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+ characters, abc.
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+
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+ 2.4. External Encodings
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+
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+ External representations of terminal value characters will vary
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+ according to constraints in the storage or transmission environment.
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+ Hence, the same ABNF-based grammar may have multiple external
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+ encodings, such as one for a 7-bit US-ASCII environment, another for
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+ a binary octet environment, and still a different one when 16-bit
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+ Unicode is used. Encoding details are beyond the scope of ABNF,
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+ although Appendix A (Core) provides definitions for a 7-bit US-ASCII
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+ environment as has been common to much of the Internet.
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+
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+ By separating external encoding from the syntax, it is intended that
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+ alternate encoding environments can be used for the same syntax.
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 5]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ 3. OPERATORS
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+
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+ 3.1. Concatenation: Rule1 Rule2
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+
291
+ A rule can define a simple, ordered string of values (i.e., a
292
+ concatenation of contiguous characters) by listing a sequence of rule
293
+ names. For example:
294
+
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+ foo = %x61 ; a
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+
297
+ bar = %x62 ; b
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+
299
+ mumble = foo bar foo
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+
301
+ So that the rule <mumble> matches the lowercase string "aba".
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+
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+ LINEAR WHITE SPACE: Concatenation is at the core of the ABNF parsing
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+ model. A string of contiguous characters (values) is parsed
305
+ according to the rules defined in ABNF. For Internet specifications,
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+ there is some history of permitting linear white space (space and
307
+ horizontal tab) to be freely and implicitly interspersed around major
308
+ constructs, such as delimiting special characters or atomic strings.
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+
310
+ NOTE:
311
+
312
+ This specification for ABNF does not provide for implicit
313
+ specification of linear white space.
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+
315
+ Any grammar that wishes to permit linear white space around
316
+ delimiters or string segments must specify it explicitly. It is
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+ often useful to provide for such white space in "core" rules that are
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+ then used variously among higher-level rules. The "core" rules might
319
+ be formed into a lexical analyzer or simply be part of the main
320
+ ruleset.
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+
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+ 3.2. Alternatives: Rule1 / Rule2
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+
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+ Elements separated by a forward slash ("/") are alternatives.
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+ Therefore,
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+
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+ foo / bar
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+
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+ will accept <foo> or <bar>.
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 6]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ NOTE:
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+
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+ A quoted string containing alphabetic characters is a special form
346
+ for specifying alternative characters and is interpreted as a
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+ non-terminal representing the set of combinatorial strings with
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+ the contained characters, in the specified order but with any
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+ mixture of upper and lower case.
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+
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+ 3.3. Incremental Alternatives: Rule1 =/ Rule2
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+
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+ It is sometimes convenient to specify a list of alternatives in
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+ fragments. That is, an initial rule may match one or more
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+ alternatives, with later rule definitions adding to the set of
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+ alternatives. This is particularly useful for otherwise, independent
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+ specifications that derive from the same parent rule set, such as
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+ often occurs with parameter lists. ABNF permits this incremental
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+ definition through the construct:
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+
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+ oldrule =/ additional-alternatives
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+
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+ So that the rule set
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+
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+ ruleset = alt1 / alt2
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+
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+ ruleset =/ alt3
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+
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+ ruleset =/ alt4 / alt5
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+
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+ is the same as specifying
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+
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+ ruleset = alt1 / alt2 / alt3 / alt4 / alt5
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+
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+ 3.4. Value Range Alternatives: %c##-##
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+
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+ A range of alternative numeric values can be specified compactly,
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+ using dash ("-") to indicate the range of alternative values. Hence:
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+
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+ DIGIT = %x30-39
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+
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+ is equivalent to:
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+
384
+ DIGIT = "0" / "1" / "2" / "3" / "4" / "5" / "6" /
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+
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+ "7" / "8" / "9"
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+
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+ Concatenated numeric values and numeric value ranges cannot be
389
+ specified in the same string. A numeric value may use the dotted
390
+ notation for concatenation or it may use the dash notation to specify
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 7]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ one value range. Hence, to specify one printable character between
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+ end of line sequences, the specification could be:
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+
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+ char-line = %x0D.0A %x20-7E %x0D.0A
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+
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+ 3.5. Sequence Group: (Rule1 Rule2)
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+
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+ Elements enclosed in parentheses are treated as a single element,
407
+ whose contents are STRICTLY ORDERED. Thus,
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+
409
+ elem (foo / bar) blat
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+
411
+ matches (elem foo blat) or (elem bar blat), and
412
+
413
+ elem foo / bar blat
414
+
415
+ matches (elem foo) or (bar blat).
416
+
417
+ NOTE:
418
+
419
+ It is strongly advised that grouping notation be used, rather than
420
+ relying on the proper reading of "bare" alternations, when
421
+ alternatives consist of multiple rule names or literals.
422
+
423
+ Hence, it is recommended that the following form be used:
424
+
425
+ (elem foo) / (bar blat)
426
+
427
+ It will avoid misinterpretation by casual readers.
428
+
429
+ The sequence group notation is also used within free text to set off
430
+ an element sequence from the prose.
431
+
432
+ 3.6. Variable Repetition: *Rule
433
+
434
+ The operator "*" preceding an element indicates repetition. The full
435
+ form is:
436
+
437
+ <a>*<b>element
438
+
439
+ where <a> and <b> are optional decimal values, indicating at least
440
+ <a> and at most <b> occurrences of the element.
441
+
442
+ Default values are 0 and infinity so that *<element> allows any
443
+ number, including zero; 1*<element> requires at least one;
444
+ 3*3<element> allows exactly 3 and 1*2<element> allows one or two.
445
+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 8]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ 3.7. Specific Repetition: nRule
456
+
457
+ A rule of the form:
458
+
459
+ <n>element
460
+
461
+ is equivalent to
462
+
463
+ <n>*<n>element
464
+
465
+ That is, exactly <n> occurrences of <element>. Thus, 2DIGIT is a 2-
466
+ digit number, and 3ALPHA is a string of three alphabetic characters.
467
+
468
+ 3.8. Optional Sequence: [RULE]
469
+
470
+ Square brackets enclose an optional element sequence:
471
+
472
+ [foo bar]
473
+
474
+ is equivalent to
475
+
476
+ *1(foo bar).
477
+
478
+ 3.9. Comment: ; Comment
479
+
480
+ A semi-colon starts a comment that continues to the end of line.
481
+ This is a simple way of including useful notes in parallel with the
482
+ specifications.
483
+
484
+ 3.10. Operator Precedence
485
+
486
+ The various mechanisms described above have the following precedence,
487
+ from highest (binding tightest) at the top, to lowest (loosest) at
488
+ the bottom:
489
+
490
+ Strings, Names formation
491
+
492
+ Comment
493
+
494
+ Value range
495
+
496
+ Repetition
497
+
498
+ Grouping, Optional
499
+
500
+ Concatenation
501
+
502
+ Alternative
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+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 9]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
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+
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+ Use of the alternative operator, freely mixed with concatenations,
512
+ can be confusing.
513
+
514
+ Again, it is recommended that the grouping operator be used to
515
+ make explicit concatenation groups.
516
+
517
+ 4. ABNF DEFINITION OF ABNF
518
+
519
+ NOTES:
520
+
521
+ 1. This syntax requires a formatting of rules that is relatively
522
+ strict. Hence, the version of a ruleset included in a
523
+ specification might need preprocessing to ensure that it can be
524
+ interpreted by an ABNF parser.
525
+
526
+ 2. This syntax uses the rules provided in Appendix B (Core).
527
+
528
+ rulelist = 1*( rule / (*c-wsp c-nl) )
529
+
530
+ rule = rulename defined-as elements c-nl
531
+ ; continues if next line starts
532
+ ; with white space
533
+
534
+ rulename = ALPHA *(ALPHA / DIGIT / "-")
535
+
536
+ defined-as = *c-wsp ("=" / "=/") *c-wsp
537
+ ; basic rules definition and
538
+ ; incremental alternatives
539
+
540
+ elements = alternation *c-wsp
541
+
542
+ c-wsp = WSP / (c-nl WSP)
543
+
544
+ c-nl = comment / CRLF
545
+ ; comment or newline
546
+
547
+ comment = ";" *(WSP / VCHAR) CRLF
548
+
549
+ alternation = concatenation
550
+ *(*c-wsp "/" *c-wsp concatenation)
551
+
552
+ concatenation = repetition *(1*c-wsp repetition)
553
+
554
+ repetition = [repeat] element
555
+
556
+ repeat = 1*DIGIT / (*DIGIT "*" *DIGIT)
557
+
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+
559
+
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+
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+
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+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 10]
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+
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+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
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+
566
+
567
+ element = rulename / group / option /
568
+ char-val / num-val / prose-val
569
+
570
+ group = "(" *c-wsp alternation *c-wsp ")"
571
+
572
+ option = "[" *c-wsp alternation *c-wsp "]"
573
+
574
+ char-val = DQUOTE *(%x20-21 / %x23-7E) DQUOTE
575
+ ; quoted string of SP and VCHAR
576
+ ; without DQUOTE
577
+
578
+ num-val = "%" (bin-val / dec-val / hex-val)
579
+
580
+ bin-val = "b" 1*BIT
581
+ [ 1*("." 1*BIT) / ("-" 1*BIT) ]
582
+ ; series of concatenated bit values
583
+ ; or single ONEOF range
584
+
585
+ dec-val = "d" 1*DIGIT
586
+ [ 1*("." 1*DIGIT) / ("-" 1*DIGIT) ]
587
+
588
+ hex-val = "x" 1*HEXDIG
589
+ [ 1*("." 1*HEXDIG) / ("-" 1*HEXDIG) ]
590
+
591
+ prose-val = "<" *(%x20-3D / %x3F-7E) ">"
592
+ ; bracketed string of SP and VCHAR
593
+ ; without angles
594
+ ; prose description, to be used as
595
+ ; last resort
596
+
597
+ 5. SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
598
+
599
+ Security is truly believed to be irrelevant to this document.
600
+
601
+ 6. References
602
+
603
+ 6.1. Normative References
604
+
605
+ [US-ASCII] American National Standards Institute, "Coded Character
606
+ Set -- 7-bit American Standard Code for Information
607
+ Interchange", ANSI X3.4, 1986.
608
+
609
+ 6.2. Informative References
610
+
611
+ [RFC2234] Crocker, D. and P. Overell, "Augmented BNF for Syntax
612
+ Specifications: ABNF", RFC 2234, November 1997.
613
+
614
+
615
+
616
+
617
+
618
+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 11]
619
+
620
+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
621
+
622
+
623
+ [RFC733] Crocker, D., Vittal, J., Pogran, K., and D. Henderson,
624
+ "Standard for the format of ARPA network text messages",
625
+ RFC 733, November 1977.
626
+
627
+ [RFC822] Crocker, D., "Standard for the format of ARPA Internet
628
+ text messages", STD 11, RFC 822, August 1982.
629
+
630
+
631
+
632
+
633
+
634
+
635
+
636
+
637
+
638
+
639
+
640
+
641
+
642
+
643
+
644
+
645
+
646
+
647
+
648
+
649
+
650
+
651
+
652
+
653
+
654
+
655
+
656
+
657
+
658
+
659
+
660
+
661
+
662
+
663
+
664
+
665
+
666
+
667
+
668
+
669
+
670
+
671
+
672
+
673
+
674
+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 12]
675
+
676
+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
677
+
678
+
679
+ Appendix A. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
680
+
681
+ The syntax for ABNF was originally specified in RFC 733. Ken L.
682
+ Harrenstien, of SRI International, was responsible for re-coding the
683
+ BNF into an augmented BNF that makes the representation smaller and
684
+ easier to understand.
685
+
686
+ This recent project began as a simple effort to cull out the portion
687
+ of RFC 822 that has been repeatedly cited by non-email specification
688
+ writers, namely the description of augmented BNF. Rather than simply
689
+ and blindly converting the existing text into a separate document,
690
+ the working group chose to give careful consideration to the
691
+ deficiencies, as well as benefits, of the existing specification and
692
+ related specifications made available over the last 15 years, and
693
+ therefore to pursue enhancement. This turned the project into
694
+ something rather more ambitious than was first intended.
695
+ Interestingly, the result is not massively different from that
696
+ original, although decisions, such as removing the list notation,
697
+ came as a surprise.
698
+
699
+ This "separated" version of the specification was part of the DRUMS
700
+ working group, with significant contributions from Jerome Abela,
701
+ Harald Alvestrand, Robert Elz, Roger Fajman, Aviva Garrett, Tom
702
+ Harsch, Dan Kohn, Bill McQuillan, Keith Moore, Chris Newman, Pete
703
+ Resnick, and Henning Schulzrinne.
704
+
705
+ Julian Reschke warrants a special thanks for converting the Draft
706
+ Standard version to XML source form.
707
+
708
+ Appendix B. APPENDIX - CORE ABNF OF ABNF
709
+
710
+ This Appendix is provided as a convenient core for specific grammars.
711
+ The definitions may be used as a core set of rules.
712
+
713
+ B.1. Core Rules
714
+
715
+ Certain basic rules are in uppercase, such as SP, HTAB, CRLF, DIGIT,
716
+ ALPHA, etc.
717
+
718
+ ALPHA = %x41-5A / %x61-7A ; A-Z / a-z
719
+
720
+ BIT = "0" / "1"
721
+
722
+ CHAR = %x01-7F
723
+ ; any 7-bit US-ASCII character,
724
+ ; excluding NUL
725
+
726
+
727
+
728
+
729
+
730
+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 13]
731
+
732
+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
733
+
734
+
735
+ CR = %x0D
736
+ ; carriage return
737
+
738
+ CRLF = CR LF
739
+ ; Internet standard newline
740
+
741
+ CTL = %x00-1F / %x7F
742
+ ; controls
743
+
744
+ DIGIT = %x30-39
745
+ ; 0-9
746
+
747
+ DQUOTE = %x22
748
+ ; " (Double Quote)
749
+
750
+ HEXDIG = DIGIT / "A" / "B" / "C" / "D" / "E" / "F"
751
+
752
+ HTAB = %x09
753
+ ; horizontal tab
754
+
755
+ LF = %x0A
756
+ ; linefeed
757
+
758
+ LWSP = *(WSP / CRLF WSP)
759
+ ; linear white space (past newline)
760
+
761
+ OCTET = %x00-FF
762
+ ; 8 bits of data
763
+
764
+ SP = %x20
765
+
766
+ VCHAR = %x21-7E
767
+ ; visible (printing) characters
768
+
769
+ WSP = SP / HTAB
770
+ ; white space
771
+
772
+ B.2. Common Encoding
773
+
774
+ Externally, data are represented as "network virtual ASCII" (namely,
775
+ 7-bit US-ASCII in an 8-bit field), with the high (8th) bit set to
776
+ zero. A string of values is in "network byte order", in which the
777
+ higher-valued bytes are represented on the left-hand side and are
778
+ sent over the network first.
779
+
780
+
781
+
782
+
783
+
784
+
785
+
786
+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 14]
787
+
788
+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
789
+
790
+
791
+ Authors' Addresses
792
+
793
+ Dave Crocker (editor)
794
+ Brandenburg InternetWorking
795
+ 675 Spruce Dr.
796
+ Sunnyvale, CA 94086
797
+ US
798
+
799
+ Phone: +1.408.246.8253
800
+ EMail: dcrocker@bbiw.net
801
+
802
+
803
+ Paul Overell
804
+ THUS plc.
805
+ 1/2 Berkeley Square
806
+ 99 Berkeley Street
807
+ Glasgow
808
+ G3 7HR
809
+ UK
810
+
811
+ EMail: paul.overell@thus.net
812
+
813
+
814
+
815
+
816
+
817
+
818
+
819
+
820
+
821
+
822
+
823
+
824
+
825
+
826
+
827
+
828
+
829
+
830
+
831
+
832
+
833
+
834
+
835
+
836
+
837
+
838
+
839
+
840
+
841
+
842
+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 15]
843
+
844
+ RFC 4234 ABNF October 2005
845
+
846
+
847
+ Full Copyright Statement
848
+
849
+ Copyright (C) The Internet Society (2005).
850
+
851
+ This document is subject to the rights, licenses and restrictions
852
+ contained in BCP 78, and except as set forth therein, the authors
853
+ retain all their rights.
854
+
855
+ This document and the information contained herein are provided on an
856
+ "AS IS" basis and THE CONTRIBUTOR, THE ORGANIZATION HE/SHE REPRESENTS
857
+ OR IS SPONSORED BY (IF ANY), THE INTERNET SOCIETY AND THE INTERNET
858
+ ENGINEERING TASK FORCE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
859
+ INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY WARRANTY THAT THE USE OF THE
860
+ INFORMATION HEREIN WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY RIGHTS OR ANY IMPLIED
861
+ WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
862
+
863
+ Intellectual Property
864
+
865
+ The IETF takes no position regarding the validity or scope of any
866
+ Intellectual Property Rights or other rights that might be claimed to
867
+ pertain to the implementation or use of the technology described in
868
+ this document or the extent to which any license under such rights
869
+ might or might not be available; nor does it represent that it has
870
+ made any independent effort to identify any such rights. Information
871
+ on the procedures with respect to rights in RFC documents can be
872
+ found in BCP 78 and BCP 79.
873
+
874
+ Copies of IPR disclosures made to the IETF Secretariat and any
875
+ assurances of licenses to be made available, or the result of an
876
+ attempt made to obtain a general license or permission for the use of
877
+ such proprietary rights by implementers or users of this
878
+ specification can be obtained from the IETF on-line IPR repository at
879
+ http://www.ietf.org/ipr.
880
+
881
+ The IETF invites any interested party to bring to its attention any
882
+ copyrights, patents or patent applications, or other proprietary
883
+ rights that may cover technology that may be required to implement
884
+ this standard. Please address the information to the IETF at ietf-
885
+ ipr@ietf.org.
886
+
887
+ Acknowledgement
888
+
889
+ Funding for the RFC Editor function is currently provided by the
890
+ Internet Society.
891
+
892
+
893
+
894
+
895
+
896
+
897
+
898
+ Crocker & Overell Standards Track [Page 16]
899
+