puma 5.3.1 → 5.6.4
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- checksums.yaml +4 -4
- data/History.md +152 -5
- data/LICENSE +0 -0
- data/README.md +47 -6
- data/bin/puma-wild +0 -0
- data/docs/architecture.md +49 -16
- data/docs/compile_options.md +4 -2
- data/docs/deployment.md +53 -67
- data/docs/fork_worker.md +0 -0
- data/docs/images/puma-connection-flow-no-reactor.png +0 -0
- data/docs/images/puma-connection-flow.png +0 -0
- data/docs/images/puma-general-arch.png +0 -0
- data/docs/jungle/README.md +0 -0
- data/docs/jungle/rc.d/README.md +0 -0
- data/docs/jungle/rc.d/puma.conf +0 -0
- data/docs/kubernetes.md +0 -0
- data/docs/nginx.md +0 -0
- data/docs/plugins.md +15 -15
- data/docs/rails_dev_mode.md +2 -3
- data/docs/restart.md +6 -6
- data/docs/signals.md +11 -10
- data/docs/stats.md +8 -8
- data/docs/systemd.md +64 -67
- data/ext/puma_http11/PumaHttp11Service.java +0 -0
- data/ext/puma_http11/ext_help.h +0 -0
- data/ext/puma_http11/extconf.rb +28 -5
- data/ext/puma_http11/http11_parser.c +23 -10
- data/ext/puma_http11/http11_parser.h +0 -0
- data/ext/puma_http11/http11_parser.java.rl +0 -0
- data/ext/puma_http11/http11_parser.rl +0 -0
- data/ext/puma_http11/http11_parser_common.rl +1 -1
- data/ext/puma_http11/mini_ssl.c +69 -9
- data/ext/puma_http11/no_ssl/PumaHttp11Service.java +0 -0
- data/ext/puma_http11/org/jruby/puma/Http11.java +0 -0
- data/ext/puma_http11/org/jruby/puma/Http11Parser.java +49 -47
- data/ext/puma_http11/org/jruby/puma/MiniSSL.java +28 -43
- data/ext/puma_http11/puma_http11.c +1 -1
- data/lib/puma/app/status.rb +4 -4
- data/lib/puma/binder.rb +51 -6
- data/lib/puma/cli.rb +14 -4
- data/lib/puma/client.rb +106 -21
- data/lib/puma/cluster/worker.rb +14 -17
- data/lib/puma/cluster/worker_handle.rb +4 -0
- data/lib/puma/cluster.rb +30 -24
- data/lib/puma/commonlogger.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/configuration.rb +6 -1
- data/lib/puma/const.rb +9 -8
- data/lib/puma/control_cli.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/puma/detect.rb +8 -2
- data/lib/puma/dsl.rb +106 -12
- data/lib/puma/error_logger.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/events.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/io_buffer.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/jruby_restart.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/{json.rb → json_serialization.rb} +1 -1
- data/lib/puma/launcher.rb +4 -1
- data/lib/puma/minissl/context_builder.rb +8 -6
- data/lib/puma/minissl.rb +24 -23
- data/lib/puma/null_io.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/plugin/tmp_restart.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/plugin.rb +2 -2
- data/lib/puma/queue_close.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/rack/builder.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/puma/rack/urlmap.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/rack_default.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/reactor.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/request.rb +27 -11
- data/lib/puma/runner.rb +22 -8
- data/lib/puma/server.rb +45 -44
- data/lib/puma/single.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/state_file.rb +41 -7
- data/lib/puma/systemd.rb +0 -0
- data/lib/puma/thread_pool.rb +7 -5
- data/lib/puma/util.rb +8 -1
- data/lib/puma.rb +2 -2
- data/lib/rack/handler/puma.rb +0 -0
- data/tools/Dockerfile +1 -1
- data/tools/trickletest.rb +0 -0
- metadata +7 -7
checksums.yaml
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metadata.gz: ff9f4c8b81e1bfced36da8ecfe60912bd6bb37a2f989f2f8489d31cbe1a5947a
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data.tar.gz: 6821bc93adc639fea1ed82559b0e67c70bfd86fa0b0ec641eed65e020fb53440
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metadata.gz: 7b3eafbc651e03214851f79a89cb92637f7966f7d645446e15ac29e118d3b564aa28222ef54c1ea02f946da813172cf24bf9fb3b4c9d9b14dc1dadbc20754579
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data.tar.gz: 760c958a8c56ee5ec7b2208e5d1d9e0ef31c09975d058cd535f42382895f76f0854a18c68f671b37736e1588a372bc752a676cbbd1a896a08bd97962642dc0b7
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data/History.md
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## 5.6.4 / 2022-03-30
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* Security
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* Close several HTTP Request Smuggling exploits (CVE-2022-24790)
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## 5.6.2 / 2022-02-11
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* Bugfix/Security
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* Response body will always be `close`d. (GHSA-rmj8-8hhh-gv5h, related to [#2809])
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## 5.6.1 / 2022-01-26
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* Bugfixes
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* Reverted a commit which appeared to be causing occasional blank header values ([#2809])
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## 5.6.0 / 2022-01-25
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* Features
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* Support `localhost` integration in `ssl_bind` ([#2764], [#2708])
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* Allow backlog parameter to be set with ssl_bind DSL ([#2780])
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* Remove yaml (psych) requirement in StateFile ([#2784])
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* Allow culling of oldest workers, previously was only youngest ([#2773], [#2794])
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* Add worker_check_interval configuration option ([#2759])
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* Always send lowlevel_error response to client ([#2731], [#2341])
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* Support for cert_pem and key_pem with ssl_bind DSL ([#2728])
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* Bugfixes
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* Keep thread names under 15 characters, prevents breakage on some OSes ([#2733])
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* Fix two 'old-style-definition' compile warning ([#2807], [#2806])
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* Log environment correctly using option value ([#2799])
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* Fix warning from Ruby master (will be 3.2.0) ([#2785])
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* extconf.rb - fix openssl with old Windows builds ([#2757])
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* server.rb - rescue handling (`Errno::EBADF`) for `@notify.close` ([#2745])
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* Refactor
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* server.rb - refactor code using @options[:remote_address] ([#2742])
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* [jruby] a couple refactorings - avoid copy-ing bytes ([#2730])
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## 5.5.2 / 2021-10-12
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* Bugfixes
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* Allow UTF-8 in HTTP header values
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## 5.5.1 / 2021-10-12
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* Feature (added as mistake - we don't normally do this on bugfix releases, sorry!)
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* Allow setting APP_ENV in preference to RACK_ENV or RAILS_ENV ([#2702])
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* Security
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* Do not allow LF as a line ending in a header (CVE-2021-41136)
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## 5.5.0 / 2021-09-19
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* Features
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* Automatic SSL certificate provisioning for localhost, via localhost gem ([#2610], [#2257])
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* add support for the PROXY protocol (v1 only) ([#2654], [#2651])
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* Add a semantic CLI option for no config file ([#2689])
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* Bugfixes
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* More elaborate exception handling - lets some dead pumas die. ([#2700], [#2699])
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* allow multiple after_worker_fork hooks ([#2690])
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* Preserve BUNDLE_APP_CONFIG on worker fork ([#2688], [#2687])
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* Performance
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* Fix performance of server-side SSL connection close. ([#2675])
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## 5.4.0 / 2021-07-28
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* Features
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* Better/expanded names for threadpool threads ([#2657])
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* Allow pkg_config for OpenSSL ([#2648], [#1412])
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* Add `rack_url_scheme` to Puma::DSL, allows setting of `rack.url_scheme` header ([#2586], [#2569])
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* Bugfixes
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* `Binder#parse` - allow for symlinked unix path, add create_activated_fds debug ENV ([#2643], [#2638])
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* Fix deprecation warning: minissl.c - Use Random.bytes if available ([#2642])
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* Client certificates: set session id context while creating SSLContext ([#2633])
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* Fix deadlock issue in thread pool ([#2656])
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* Refactor
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* Replace `IO.select` with `IO#wait_*` when checking a single IO ([#2666])
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## 5.3.2 / 2021-05-21
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* Bugfixes
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* Gracefully handle Rack not accepting CLI options ([#2630], [#2626])
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* Fix sigterm misbehavior ([#2629])
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* Improvements to keepalive-connection shedding ([#2628])
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## 5.3.1 / 2021-05-11
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* Security
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* Close keepalive connections after the maximum number of fast inlined requests (#2625)
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* Close keepalive connections after the maximum number of fast inlined requests (CVE-2021-29509) ([#2625])
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## 5.3.0 / 2021-05-07
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* Support parallel tests in verbose progress reporting ([#2223])
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## 4.3.10 / 2021-10-12
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* Allow UTF-8 in HTTP header values
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## 4.3.9 / 2021-10-12
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* Security
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* Do not allow LF as a line ending in a header (CVE-2021-41136)
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## 4.3.8 / 2021-05-11
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* Security
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* Close keepalive connections after the maximum number of fast inlined requests (#2625)
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* Close keepalive connections after the maximum number of fast inlined requests (CVE-2021-29509) ([#2625])
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## 4.3.7 / 2020-11-30
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* Your bugfix goes here <Most recent on the top, like GitHub> (#Github Number)
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[#2809]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2809 "PR by @dentarg, merged 2022-01-26"
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[#2764]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2764 "PR by @dentarg, merged 2022-01-18"
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[#2708]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2708 "Issue by @erikaxel, closed 2022-01-18"
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[#2780]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2780 "PR by @dalibor, merged 2022-01-01"
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[#2784]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2784 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2022-01-01"
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[#2773]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2773 "PR by @ob-stripe, merged 2022-01-01"
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[#2794]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2794 "PR by @johnnyshields, merged 2022-01-10"
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[#2759]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2759 "PR by @ob-stripe, merged 2021-12-11"
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[#2731]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2731 "PR by @baelter, merged 2021-11-02"
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[#2341]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2341 "Issue by @cjlarose, closed 2021-11-02"
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[#2728]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2728 "PR by @dalibor, merged 2021-10-31"
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[#2733]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2733 "PR by @ob-stripe, merged 2021-12-12"
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[#2807]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2807 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2022-01-25"
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[#2806]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2806 "Issue by @olleolleolle, closed 2022-01-25"
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[#2799]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2799 "PR by @ags, merged 2022-01-22"
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[#2785]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2785 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2022-01-02"
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[#2757]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2757 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-11-24"
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[#2745]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2745 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-11-03"
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[#2742]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2742 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-12-12"
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[#2730]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2730 "PR by @kares, merged 2021-11-01"
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[#2702]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2702 "PR by @jacobherrington, merged 2021-09-21"
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[#2610]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2610 "PR by @ye-lin-aung, merged 2021-08-18"
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[#2257]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2257 "Issue by @nateberkopec, closed 2021-08-18"
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[#2654]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2654 "PR by @Roguelazer, merged 2021-09-07"
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[#2651]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2651 "Issue by @Roguelazer, closed 2021-09-07"
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[#2689]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2689 "PR by @jacobherrington, merged 2021-09-05"
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[#2700]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2700 "PR by @ioquatix, merged 2021-09-16"
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[#2699]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2699 "Issue by @ioquatix, closed 2021-09-16"
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[#2690]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2690 "PR by @doits, merged 2021-09-06"
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[#2688]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2688 "PR by @jdelStrother, merged 2021-09-03"
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[#2687]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2687 "Issue by @jdelStrother, closed 2021-09-03"
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[#2675]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2675 "PR by @devwout, merged 2021-09-08"
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[#2657]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2657 "PR by @olivierbellone, merged 2021-07-13"
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[#2648]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2648 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-06-27"
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[#1412]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/1412 "Issue by @x-yuri, closed 2021-06-27"
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[#2586]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2586 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-05-26"
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[#2569]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2569 "Issue by @tarragon, closed 2021-05-26"
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[#2643]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2643 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-06-27"
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[#2638]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2638 "Issue by @gingerlime, closed 2021-06-27"
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[#2642]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2642 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-06-16"
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[#2633]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2633 "PR by @onlined, merged 2021-06-04"
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[#2656]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2656 "PR by @olivierbellone, merged 2021-07-07"
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[#2666]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2666 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-07-25"
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[#2630]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2630 "PR by @seangoedecke, merged 2021-05-20"
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[#2626]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2626 "Issue by @rorymckinley, closed 2021-05-20"
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[#2629]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2629 "PR by @ye-lin-aung, merged 2021-05-20"
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[#2628]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2628 "PR by @wjordan, merged 2021-05-20"
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[#2625]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2625 "Issue by @jarthod, closed 2021-05-11"
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[#2564]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2564 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-04-24"
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[#2526]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2526 "Issue by @nerdrew, closed 2021-04-24"
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[#2559]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2559 "PR by @ylecuyer, merged 2021-03-11"
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@@ -1760,11 +1907,11 @@ be added back in a future date when a java Puma::MiniSSL is added.
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[#2605]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2605 "PR by @pascalbetz, merged 2021-04-26"
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[#2584]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2584 "Issue by @kaorihinata, closed 2021-04-26"
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[#2607]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2607 "PR by @calvinxiao, merged 2021-04-23"
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[#2552]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2552 "Issue by @feliperaul,
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[#2552]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2552 "Issue by @feliperaul, closed 2021-05-24"
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[#2606]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2606 "PR by @wjordan, merged 2021-04-20"
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[#2574]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2574 "Issue by @darkhelmet, closed 2021-04-20"
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[#2567]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2567 "PR by @
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1767
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-
[#2566]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2566 "Issue by @
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1913
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[#2567]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2567 "PR by @kddnewton, merged 2021-04-19"
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1914
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+
[#2566]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2566 "Issue by @kddnewton, closed 2021-04-19"
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[#2596]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2596 "PR by @MSP-Greg, merged 2021-04-18"
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[#2588]:https://github.com/puma/puma/pull/2588 "PR by @dentarg, merged 2021-04-02"
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[#2556]:https://github.com/puma/puma/issues/2556 "Issue by @gamecreature, closed 2021-04-02"
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data/LICENSE
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data/README.md
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@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
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<img src="https://puma.io/images/logos/puma-logo-large.png">
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</p>
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# Puma: A Ruby Web Server Built For
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# Puma: A Ruby Web Server Built For Parallelism
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[](https://github.com/puma/puma/actions?query=workflow%3AMRI)
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[](https://github.com/puma/puma/actions?query=workflow%3Anon_MRI)
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[](https://dependabot.com/compatibility-score.html?dependency-name=puma&package-manager=bundler&version-scheme=semver)
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[]( https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/puma )
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Puma is a **simple, fast, multi-threaded, and highly
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Puma is a **simple, fast, multi-threaded, and highly parallel HTTP 1.1 server for Ruby/Rack applications**.
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## Built For Speed &
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## Built For Speed & Parallelism
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Puma processes requests using a C-optimized Ragel extension (inherited from Mongrel) that provides fast, accurate HTTP 1.1 protocol parsing in a portable way. Puma then serves the request using a thread pool. Each request is served in a separate thread, so truly
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Puma processes requests using a C-optimized Ragel extension (inherited from Mongrel) that provides fast, accurate HTTP 1.1 protocol parsing in a portable way. Puma then serves the request using a thread pool. Each request is served in a separate thread, so truly parallel Ruby implementations (JRuby, Rubinius) will use all available CPU cores.
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Originally designed as a server for [Rubinius](https://github.com/rubinius/rubinius), Puma also works well with Ruby (MRI) and JRuby.
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you to do some Puma-specific things that you don't want to embed in your application.
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For instance, you could fire a log notification that a worker booted or send something to statsd. This can be called multiple times.
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Constants loaded by your application (such as `Rails`) will not be available in `on_worker_boot`.
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However, these constants _will_ be available if `preload_app!` is enabled, either explicitly in your `puma` config or automatically if
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using 2 or more workers in cluster mode.
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If `preload_app!` is not enabled and 1 worker is used, then `on_worker_boot` will fire, but your app will not be preloaded and constants will not be available.
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`before_fork` specifies a block to be run before workers are forked:
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```ruby
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```
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$ puma -b 'ssl://127.0.0.1:9292?key=path_to_key&cert=path_to_cert'
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```
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#### Self-signed SSL certificates (via the [`localhost`] gem, for development use):
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Puma supports the [`localhost`] gem for self-signed certificates. This is particularly useful if you want to use Puma with SSL locally, and self-signed certificates will work for your use-case. Currently, the integration can only be used in MRI.
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Puma automatically configures SSL when the [`localhost`] gem is loaded in a `development` environment:
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```ruby
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# Add the gem to your Gemfile
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group(:development) do
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gem 'localhost'
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end
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# And require it implicitly using bundler
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require "bundler"
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Bundler.require(:default, ENV["RACK_ENV"].to_sym)
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# Alternatively, you can require the gem in config.ru:
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require './app'
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require 'localhost'
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run Sinatra::Application
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```
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Additionally, Puma must be listening to an SSL socket:
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```shell
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$ puma -b 'ssl://localhost:9292' config.ru
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# The following options allow you to reach Puma over HTTP as well:
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$ puma -b ssl://localhost:9292 -b tcp://localhost:9393 config.ru
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```
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[`localhost`]: https://github.com/socketry/localhost
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#### Controlling SSL Cipher Suites
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@@ -255,11 +292,15 @@ You can also provide a configuration file with the `-C` (or `--config`) flag:
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$ puma -C /path/to/config
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```
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If no configuration file is specified, Puma will look for a configuration file at `config/puma.rb`. If an environment is specified
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If no configuration file is specified, Puma will look for a configuration file at `config/puma.rb`. If an environment is specified (via the `--environment` flag or through the `APP_ENV`, `RACK_ENV`, or `RAILS_ENV` environment variables) Puma looks for a configuration file at `config/puma/<environment_name>.rb` and then falls back to `config/puma.rb`.
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If you want to prevent Puma from looking for a configuration file in those locations,
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If you want to prevent Puma from looking for a configuration file in those locations, include the `--no-config` flag:
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```
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$ puma --no-config
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# or
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$ puma -C "-"
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```
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data/bin/puma-wild
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File without changes
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data/docs/architecture.md
CHANGED
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@@ -4,38 +4,71 @@
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5
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-
Puma is a threaded Ruby HTTP application server
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Puma is a threaded Ruby HTTP application server processing requests across a TCP
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and/or UNIX socket.
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-
Puma processes (there can be one or many) accept connections from the socket via
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Puma processes (there can be one or many) accept connections from the socket via
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a thread (in the [`Reactor`](../lib/puma/reactor.rb) class). The connection,
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once fully buffered and read, moves into the `todo` list, where an available
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thread will pick it up (in the [`ThreadPool`](../lib/puma/thread_pool.rb)
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class).
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-
Puma works in two main modes: cluster and single. In single mode, only one Puma
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Puma works in two main modes: cluster and single. In single mode, only one Puma
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process boots. In cluster mode, a `master` process is booted, which prepares
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(and may boot) the application and then uses the `fork()` system call to create
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one or more `child` processes. These `child` processes all listen to the same
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socket. The `master` process does not listen to the socket or process requests -
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its purpose is primarily to manage and listen for UNIX signals and possibly kill
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or boot `child` processes.
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We sometimes call `child` processes (or Puma processes in `single` mode)
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We sometimes call `child` processes (or Puma processes in `single` mode)
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_workers_, and we sometimes call the threads created by Puma's
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[`ThreadPool`](../lib/puma/thread_pool.rb) _worker threads_.
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## How Requests Work
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30
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18
31
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20
33
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* Upon startup, Puma listens on a TCP or UNIX socket.
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-
* The backlog of this socket is configured
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-
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-
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-
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* The backlog of this socket is configured with a default of 1024, but the
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+
actual backlog value is capped by the `net.core.somaxconn` sysctl value.
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The backlog determines the size of the queue for unaccepted connections. If
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the backlog is full, the operating system is not accepting new connections.
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* This socket backlog is distinct from the `backlog` of work as reported by
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`Puma.stats` or the control server. The backlog that `Puma.stats` refers to
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represents the number of connections in the process' `todo` set waiting for
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a thread from the [`ThreadPool`](../lib/puma/thread_pool.rb).
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* By default, a single, separate thread (created by the
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[`Reactor`](../lib/puma/reactor.rb) class) reads and buffers requests from the
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+
socket.
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+
* When at least one worker thread is available for work, the reactor thread
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|
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|
+
listens to the socket and accepts a request (if one is waiting).
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|
25
47
|
* The reactor thread waits for the entire HTTP request to be received.
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|
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|
-
*
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|
-
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|
48
|
+
* Puma exposes the time spent waiting for the HTTP request body to be
|
|
49
|
+
received to the Rack app as `env['puma.request_body_wait']`
|
|
50
|
+
(milliseconds).
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|
51
|
+
* Once fully buffered and received, the connection is pushed into the "todo"
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|
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|
+
set.
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|
28
53
|
* Worker threads pop work off the "todo" set for processing.
|
|
29
|
-
* The worker thread processes the request via `call`ing the configured Rack
|
|
30
|
-
|
|
31
|
-
*
|
|
54
|
+
* The worker thread processes the request via `call`ing the configured Rack
|
|
55
|
+
application. The Rack application generates the HTTP response.
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|
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|
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* The worker thread writes the response to the connection. While Puma buffers
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|
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|
+
requests via a separate thread, it does not use a separate thread for
|
|
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|
+
responses.
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|
59
|
+
* Once done, the thread becomes available to process another connection in the
|
|
60
|
+
"todo" set.
|
|
32
61
|
|
|
33
62
|
### `queue_requests`
|
|
34
63
|
|
|
35
64
|
|
|
36
65
|
|
|
37
|
-
The `queue_requests` option is `true` by default, enabling the separate reactor
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|
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|
+
The `queue_requests` option is `true` by default, enabling the separate reactor
|
|
67
|
+
thread used to buffer requests as described above.
|
|
38
68
|
|
|
39
|
-
If set to `false`, this buffer will not be used for connections while waiting
|
|
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|
+
If set to `false`, this buffer will not be used for connections while waiting
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|
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|
+
for the request to arrive.
|
|
40
71
|
|
|
41
|
-
In this mode, when a connection is accepted, it is added to the "todo" queue
|
|
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|
+
In this mode, when a connection is accepted, it is added to the "todo" queue
|
|
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|
+
immediately, and a worker will synchronously do any waiting necessary to read
|
|
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|
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the HTTP request from the socket.
|
data/docs/compile_options.md
CHANGED
|
@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
|
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|
1
1
|
# Compile Options
|
|
2
2
|
|
|
3
|
-
There are some `cflags` provided to change Puma's default configuration for its
|
|
3
|
+
There are some `cflags` provided to change Puma's default configuration for its
|
|
4
|
+
C extension.
|
|
4
5
|
|
|
5
6
|
## Query String, `PUMA_QUERY_STRING_MAX_LENGTH`
|
|
6
7
|
|
|
7
|
-
By default, the max length of `QUERY_STRING` is `1024 * 10`. But you may want to
|
|
8
|
+
By default, the max length of `QUERY_STRING` is `1024 * 10`. But you may want to
|
|
9
|
+
adjust it to accept longer queries in GET requests.
|
|
8
10
|
|
|
9
11
|
For manual install, pass the `PUMA_QUERY_STRING_MAX_LENGTH` option like this:
|
|
10
12
|
|
data/docs/deployment.md
CHANGED
|
@@ -1,35 +1,32 @@
|
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|
1
1
|
# Deployment engineering for Puma
|
|
2
2
|
|
|
3
|
-
Puma
|
|
4
|
-
|
|
5
|
-
it in their production deployments as well.
|
|
3
|
+
Puma expects to be run in a deployed environment eventually. You can use it as
|
|
4
|
+
your development server, but most people use it in their production deployments.
|
|
6
5
|
|
|
7
|
-
To that end, this
|
|
8
|
-
|
|
6
|
+
To that end, this document serves as a foundation of wisdom regarding deploying
|
|
7
|
+
Puma to production while increasing happiness and decreasing downtime.
|
|
9
8
|
|
|
10
9
|
## Specifying Puma
|
|
11
10
|
|
|
12
|
-
Most people
|
|
13
|
-
|
|
11
|
+
Most people will specify Puma by including `gem "puma"` in a Gemfile, so we'll
|
|
12
|
+
assume this is how you're using Puma.
|
|
14
13
|
|
|
15
|
-
|
|
14
|
+
## Single vs. Cluster mode
|
|
16
15
|
|
|
17
|
-
|
|
16
|
+
Initially, Puma was conceived as a thread-only web server, but support for
|
|
17
|
+
processes was added in version 2.
|
|
18
18
|
|
|
19
|
-
|
|
20
|
-
|
|
19
|
+
To run `puma` in single mode (i.e., as a development environment), set the
|
|
20
|
+
number of workers to 0; anything higher will run in cluster mode.
|
|
21
21
|
|
|
22
|
-
|
|
23
|
-
set the number of workers to 0, anything above will run in cluster mode.
|
|
24
|
-
|
|
25
|
-
Here are some rules of thumb for cluster mode:
|
|
22
|
+
Here are some tips for cluster mode:
|
|
26
23
|
|
|
27
24
|
### MRI
|
|
28
25
|
|
|
29
|
-
* Use cluster mode and set the number of workers to 1.5x the number of
|
|
30
|
-
in the machine, minimum 2.
|
|
31
|
-
* Set the number of threads to desired concurrent requests
|
|
32
|
-
Puma defaults to 5 and that's a decent number.
|
|
26
|
+
* Use cluster mode and set the number of workers to 1.5x the number of CPU cores
|
|
27
|
+
in the machine, starting from a minimum of 2.
|
|
28
|
+
* Set the number of threads to desired concurrent requests/number of workers.
|
|
29
|
+
Puma defaults to 5, and that's a decent number.
|
|
33
30
|
|
|
34
31
|
#### Migrating from Unicorn
|
|
35
32
|
|
|
@@ -37,7 +34,7 @@ Here are some rules of thumb for cluster mode:
|
|
|
37
34
|
* Set workers to half the number of unicorn workers you're using
|
|
38
35
|
* Set threads to 2
|
|
39
36
|
* Enjoy 50% memory savings
|
|
40
|
-
* As you grow more confident in the thread
|
|
37
|
+
* As you grow more confident in the thread-safety of your app, you can tune the
|
|
41
38
|
workers down and the threads up.
|
|
42
39
|
|
|
43
40
|
#### Ubuntu / Systemd (Systemctl) Installation
|
|
@@ -48,69 +45,58 @@ See [systemd.md](systemd.md)
|
|
|
48
45
|
|
|
49
46
|
**How do you know if you've got enough (or too many workers)?**
|
|
50
47
|
|
|
51
|
-
A good question. Due to MRI's GIL, only one thread can be executing Ruby code at
|
|
52
|
-
But since so many apps are waiting on IO from DBs, etc., they can
|
|
53
|
-
|
|
48
|
+
A good question. Due to MRI's GIL, only one thread can be executing Ruby code at
|
|
49
|
+
a time. But since so many apps are waiting on IO from DBs, etc., they can
|
|
50
|
+
utilize threads to use the process more efficiently.
|
|
54
51
|
|
|
55
|
-
|
|
56
|
-
|
|
57
|
-
|
|
58
|
-
|
|
52
|
+
Generally, you never want processes that are pegged all the time. That can mean
|
|
53
|
+
there is more work to do than the process can get through. On the other hand, if
|
|
54
|
+
you have processes that sit around doing nothing, then they're just eating up
|
|
55
|
+
resources.
|
|
59
56
|
|
|
60
|
-
Watch your CPU utilization over time and aim for about 70% on average.
|
|
61
|
-
you've got capacity still but aren't starving threads.
|
|
57
|
+
Watch your CPU utilization over time and aim for about 70% on average. 70%
|
|
58
|
+
utilization means you've got capacity still but aren't starving threads.
|
|
62
59
|
|
|
63
60
|
**Measuring utilization**
|
|
64
61
|
|
|
65
|
-
Using a timestamp header from an upstream proxy server (
|
|
66
|
-
|
|
67
|
-
thread to become available.
|
|
62
|
+
Using a timestamp header from an upstream proxy server (e.g., `nginx` or
|
|
63
|
+
`haproxy`) makes it possible to indicate how long requests have been waiting for
|
|
64
|
+
a Puma thread to become available.
|
|
68
65
|
|
|
69
66
|
* Have your upstream proxy set a header with the time it received the request:
|
|
70
67
|
* nginx: `proxy_set_header X-Request-Start "${msec}";`
|
|
71
|
-
* haproxy >= 1.9: `http-request set-header X-Request-Start
|
|
68
|
+
* haproxy >= 1.9: `http-request set-header X-Request-Start
|
|
69
|
+
t=%[date()]%[date_us()]`
|
|
72
70
|
* haproxy < 1.9: `http-request set-header X-Request-Start t=%[date()]`
|
|
73
|
-
* In your Rack middleware, determine the amount of time elapsed since
|
|
74
|
-
|
|
75
|
-
|
|
76
|
-
|
|
77
|
-
*
|
|
78
|
-
|
|
71
|
+
* In your Rack middleware, determine the amount of time elapsed since
|
|
72
|
+
`X-Request-Start`.
|
|
73
|
+
* To improve accuracy, you will want to subtract time spent waiting for slow
|
|
74
|
+
clients:
|
|
75
|
+
* `env['puma.request_body_wait']` contains the number of milliseconds Puma
|
|
76
|
+
spent waiting for the client to send the request body.
|
|
77
|
+
* haproxy: `%Th` (TLS handshake time) and `%Ti` (idle time before request)
|
|
78
|
+
can can also be added as headers.
|
|
79
79
|
|
|
80
80
|
## Should I daemonize?
|
|
81
81
|
|
|
82
|
-
|
|
82
|
+
The Puma 5.0 release removed daemonization. For older versions and alternatives,
|
|
83
|
+
continue reading.
|
|
83
84
|
|
|
84
|
-
I prefer to
|
|
85
|
-
monitor them as child processes. This gives them fast response to crashes and
|
|
85
|
+
I prefer not to daemonize my servers and use something like `runit` or `systemd`
|
|
86
|
+
to monitor them as child processes. This gives them fast response to crashes and
|
|
86
87
|
makes it easy to figure out what is going on. Additionally, unlike `unicorn`,
|
|
87
|
-
|
|
88
|
+
Puma does not require daemonization to do zero-downtime restarts.
|
|
88
89
|
|
|
89
|
-
I see people using daemonization because they start puma directly via
|
|
90
|
-
task and thus want it to live on past the `cap deploy`. To these people I say:
|
|
91
|
-
You need to be using a process monitor. Nothing is making sure
|
|
92
|
-
this scenario! You're just waiting for something weird to happen,
|
|
93
|
-
and to get paged at
|
|
94
|
-
your OS comes with, be it `sysvinit` or `systemd`. Or branch out
|
|
95
|
-
|
|
90
|
+
I see people using daemonization because they start puma directly via Capistrano
|
|
91
|
+
task and thus want it to live on past the `cap deploy`. To these people, I say:
|
|
92
|
+
You need to be using a process monitor. Nothing is making sure Puma stays up in
|
|
93
|
+
this scenario! You're just waiting for something weird to happen, Puma to die,
|
|
94
|
+
and to get paged at 3 AM. Do yourself a favor, at least the process monitoring
|
|
95
|
+
your OS comes with, be it `sysvinit` or `systemd`. Or branch out and use `runit`
|
|
96
|
+
or hell, even `monit`.
|
|
96
97
|
|
|
97
98
|
## Restarting
|
|
98
99
|
|
|
99
100
|
You probably will want to deploy some new code at some point, and you'd like
|
|
100
|
-
|
|
101
|
-
|
|
102
|
-
|
|
103
|
-
1. Don't use `preload!`. This dirties the master process and means it will have
|
|
104
|
-
to shutdown all the workers and re-exec itself to get your new code. It is not compatible with phased-restart and `prune_bundler` as well.
|
|
105
|
-
|
|
106
|
-
1. Use `prune_bundler`. This makes it so that the cluster master will detach itself
|
|
107
|
-
from a Bundler context on start. This allows the cluster workers to load your app
|
|
108
|
-
and start a brand new Bundler context within the worker only. This means your
|
|
109
|
-
master remains pristine and can live on between new releases of your code.
|
|
110
|
-
|
|
111
|
-
1. Use phased-restart (`SIGUSR1` or `pumactl phased-restart`). This tells the master
|
|
112
|
-
to kill off one worker at a time and restart them in your new code. This minimizes
|
|
113
|
-
downtime and staggers the restart nicely. **WARNING** This means that both your
|
|
114
|
-
old code and your new code will be running concurrently. Most deployment solutions
|
|
115
|
-
already cause that, but it's worth warning you about it again. Be careful with your
|
|
116
|
-
migrations, etc!
|
|
101
|
+
Puma to start running that new code. There are a few options for restarting
|
|
102
|
+
Puma, described separately in our [restart documentation](restart.md).
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|