ptools 1.2.6-universal-mingw32 → 1.2.7-universal-mingw32

data/Rakefile

@@ -1,142 +1,142 @@
-require 'rake'
-require 'rake/clean'
-require 'rake/testtask'
-require 'rbconfig'
-include RbConfig
-
-CLEAN.include("**/*.gem", "**/*.rbc", "**/*coverage*")
-
-desc 'Install the ptools package (non-gem)'
-task :install do
-   sitelibdir = CONFIG["sitelibdir"]
-   file = "lib/ptools.rb"
-   FileUtils.cp(file, sitelibdir, :verbose => true)
-end
-
-namespace 'gem' do
-  desc 'Create the ptools gem'
-  task :create => [:clean] do
-    Dir["*.gem"].each{ |f| File.delete(f) } # Clean first
-    spec = eval(IO.read('ptools.gemspec'))
-    if Gem::VERSION < "2.0.0"
-      Gem::Builder.new(spec).build
-    else
-      require 'rubygems/package'
-      Gem::Package.build(spec)
-    end
-  end
-
-  desc 'Install the ptools gem'
-  task :install => [:create] do
-    file = Dir["*.gem"].first
-    sh "gem install -l #{file}"
-  end
-end
-
-Rake::TestTask.new do |t|
-  task :test => :clean
-  t.verbose = true
-  t.warning = true
-end
-
-namespace 'test' do
-  desc "Check test coverage using rcov"
-  task :coverage => [:clean] do
-    require 'rcov'
-    rm_rf 'coverage'
-    sh "rcov -Ilib test/test*.rb" 
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('binary') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_binary.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('constants') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_constants.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('head') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_head.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('image') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_image.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('middle') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_middle.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('nlconvert') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_nlconvert.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('null') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_null.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('sparse') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_is_sparse.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('tail') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_tail.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('touch') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_touch.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('wc') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_wc.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('whereis') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_whereis.rb']
-  end
-
-  Rake::TestTask.new('which') do |t|
-    t.libs << 'test'
-    t.verbose = true
-    t.warning = true
-    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_which.rb']
-  end
-end
-
-task :default => :test
+require 'rake'
+require 'rake/clean'
+require 'rake/testtask'
+require 'rbconfig'
+include RbConfig
+
+CLEAN.include("**/*.gem", "**/*.rbc", "**/*coverage*")
+
+desc 'Install the ptools package (non-gem)'
+task :install do
+   sitelibdir = CONFIG["sitelibdir"]
+   file = "lib/ptools.rb"
+   FileUtils.cp(file, sitelibdir, :verbose => true)
+end
+
+namespace 'gem' do
+  desc 'Create the ptools gem'
+  task :create => [:clean] do
+    Dir["*.gem"].each{ |f| File.delete(f) } # Clean first
+    spec = eval(IO.read('ptools.gemspec'))
+    if Gem::VERSION < "2.0.0"
+      Gem::Builder.new(spec).build
+    else
+      require 'rubygems/package'
+      Gem::Package.build(spec)
+    end
+  end
+
+  desc 'Install the ptools gem'
+  task :install => [:create] do
+    file = Dir["*.gem"].first
+    sh "gem install -l #{file}"
+  end
+end
+
+Rake::TestTask.new do |t|
+  task :test => :clean
+  t.verbose = true
+  t.warning = true
+end
+
+namespace 'test' do
+  desc "Check test coverage using rcov"
+  task :coverage => [:clean] do
+    require 'rcov'
+    rm_rf 'coverage'
+    sh "rcov -Ilib test/test*.rb" 
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('binary') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_binary.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('constants') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_constants.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('head') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_head.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('image') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_image.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('middle') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_middle.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('nlconvert') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_nlconvert.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('null') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_null.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('sparse') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_is_sparse.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('tail') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_tail.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('touch') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_touch.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('wc') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_wc.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('whereis') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_whereis.rb']
+  end
+
+  Rake::TestTask.new('which') do |t|
+    t.libs << 'test'
+    t.verbose = true
+    t.warning = true
+    t.test_files = FileList['test/test_which.rb']
+  end
+end
+
+task :default => :test

data/lib/ptools.rb

@@ -1,431 +1,465 @@
-require 'rbconfig'
-require 'win32/file' if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-
-class File
-  # The version of the ptools library.
-  PTOOLS_VERSION = '1.2.6'
-
-  # :stopdoc:
-
-  # The WIN32EXTS string is used as part of a Dir[] call in certain methods.
-  if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-    MSWINDOWS = true
-    if ENV['PATHEXT']
-      WIN32EXTS = ('.{' + ENV['PATHEXT'].tr(';', ',').tr('.','') + '}').downcase
-    else
-      WIN32EXTS = '.{exe,com,bat}'
-    end
-  else
-    MSWINDOWS = false
-  end
-
-  IMAGE_EXT = %w[.bmp .gif .jpg .jpeg .png]
-
-  # :startdoc:
-
-  # Returns whether or not the file is an image. Only JPEG, PNG, BMP and
-  # GIF are checked against.
-  #
-  # This method does some simple read and extension checks. For a version
-  # that is more robust, but which depends on a 3rd party C library (and is
-  # difficult to build on MS Windows), see the 'filemagic' library.
-  #
-  # Examples:
-  #
-  #    File.image?('somefile.jpg') # => true
-  #    File.image?('somefile.txt') # => false
-  #--
-  # The approach I used here is based on information found at
-  # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_number_(programming)
-  #
-  def self.image?(file)
-    bool = IMAGE_EXT.include?(File.extname(file).downcase)      # Match ext
-    bool = bmp?(file) || jpg?(file) || png?(file) || gif?(file) # Check data
-    bool
-  end
-
-  # Returns the name of the null device (aka bitbucket) on your platform.
-  #
-  # Examples:
-  #
-  #   # On Linux
-  #   File.null # => '/dev/null'
-  #
-  #   # On MS Windows
-  #   File.null # => 'NUL'
-  #--
-  # The values I used here are based on information from
-  # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//dev/null
-  #
-  def self.null
-    case RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os']
-      when /mswin|win32|msdos|cygwin|mingw|windows/i
-        'NUL'
-      when /amiga/i
-        'NIL:'
-      when /openvms/i
-        'NL:'
-      else
-        '/dev/null'
-    end
-  end
-
-  class << self
-    alias null_device null
-  end
-
-  # Returns whether or not +file+ is a binary non-image file, i.e. executable,
-  # shared object, ect. Note that this is NOT guaranteed to be 100% accurate.
-  # It performs a "best guess" based on a simple test of the first
-  # +File.blksize+ characters.
-  #
-  # Example:
-  #
-  #   File.binary?('somefile.exe') # => true
-  #   File.binary?('somefile.txt') # => false
-  #--
-  # Based on code originally provided by Ryan Davis (which, in turn, is
-  # based on Perl's -B switch).
-  #
-  def self.binary?(file)
-    return false if image?(file)
-    s = (File.read(file, File.stat(file).blksize) || "")
-    s = s.encode('US-ASCII', :undef => :replace).split(//)
-    ((s.size - s.grep(" ".."~").size) / s.size.to_f) > 0.30
-  end
-
-  # Looks for the first occurrence of +program+ within +path+.
-  #
-  # On Windows, it looks for executables ending with the suffixes defined
-  # in your PATHEXT environment variable, or '.exe', '.bat' and '.com' if
-  # that isn't defined, which you may optionally include in +program+.
-  #
-  # Returns nil if not found.
-  #
-  # Examples:
-  #
-  #   File.which('ruby') # => '/usr/local/bin/ruby'
-  #   File.which('foo')  # => nil
-  #
-  def self.which(program, path=ENV['PATH'])
-    if path.nil? || path.empty?
-      raise ArgumentError, "path cannot be empty"
-    end
-
-    # Bail out early if an absolute path is provided.
-    if program =~ /^\/|^[a-z]:[\\\/]/i
-      program += WIN32EXTS if MSWINDOWS && File.extname(program).empty?
-      found = Dir[program].first
-      if found && File.executable?(found) && !File.directory?(found)
-        return found
-      else
-        return nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Iterate over each path glob the dir + program.
-    path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each{ |dir|
-      next unless File.exist?(dir) # In case of bogus second argument
-      file = File.join(dir, program)
-
-      # Dir[] doesn't handle backslashes properly, so convert them. Also, if
-      # the program name doesn't have an extension, try them all.
-      if MSWINDOWS
-        file = file.tr("\\", "/")
-        file += WIN32EXTS if File.extname(program).empty?
-      end
-
-      found = Dir[file].first
-
-      # Convert all forward slashes to backslashes if supported
-      if found && File.executable?(found) && !File.directory?(found)
-        found.tr!(File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR) if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-        return found
-      end
-    }
-
-    nil
-  end
-
-  # Returns an array of each +program+ within +path+, or nil if it cannot
-  # be found.
-  #
-  # On Windows, it looks for executables ending with the suffixes defined
-  # in your PATHEXT environment variable, or '.exe', '.bat' and '.com' if
-  # that isn't defined, which you may optionally include in +program+.
-  #
-  # Examples:
-  #
-  #   File.whereis('ruby') # => ['/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby']
-  #   File.whereis('foo')  # => nil
-  #
-  def self.whereis(program, path=ENV['PATH'])
-    if path.nil? || path.empty?
-      raise ArgumentError, "path cannot be empty"
-    end
-
-    paths = []
-
-    # Bail out early if an absolute path is provided.
-    if program =~ /^\/|^[a-z]:[\\\/]/i
-      program += WIN32EXTS if MSWINDOWS && File.extname(program).empty?
-      program = program.tr("\\", '/') if MSWINDOWS
-      found = Dir[program]
-      if found[0] && File.executable?(found[0]) && !File.directory?(found[0])
-        if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-          return found.map{ |f| f.tr('/', "\\") }
-        else
-          return found
-        end
-      else
-        return nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Iterate over each path glob the dir + program.
-    path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each{ |dir|
-      next unless File.exist?(dir) # In case of bogus second argument
-      file = File.join(dir, program)
-
-      # Dir[] doesn't handle backslashes properly, so convert them. Also, if
-      # the program name doesn't have an extension, try them all.
-      if MSWINDOWS
-        file = file.tr("\\", "/")
-        file += WIN32EXTS if File.extname(program).empty?
-      end
-
-      found = Dir[file].first
-
-      # Convert all forward slashes to backslashes if supported
-      if found && File.executable?(found) && !File.directory?(found)
-        found.tr!(File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR) if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
-        paths << found
-      end
-    }
-
-    paths.empty? ? nil : paths.uniq
-  end
-
-  # In block form, yields the first +num_lines+ from +filename+.  In non-block
-  # form, returns an Array of +num_lines+
-  #
-  # Examples:
-  #
-  #  # Return an array
-  #  File.head('somefile.txt') # => ['This is line1', 'This is line2', ...]
-  #
-  #  # Use a block
-  #  File.head('somefile.txt'){ |line| puts line }
-  #
-  def self.head(filename, num_lines=10)
-    a = []
-
-    IO.foreach(filename){ |line|
-      break if num_lines <= 0
-      num_lines -= 1
-      if block_given?
-        yield line
-      else
-        a << line
-      end
-    }
-
-    return a.empty? ? nil : a # Return nil in block form
-  end
-
-  # In block form, yields line +from+ up to line +to+.  In non-block form
-  # returns an Array of lines from +from+ to +to+.
-  #
-  def self.middle(filename, from=10, to=20)
-    if block_given?
-      IO.readlines(filename)[from-1..to-1].each{ |line| yield line }
-    else
-      IO.readlines(filename)[from-1..to-1]
-    end
-  end
-
-  # In block form, yields the last +num_lines+ of file +filename+.
-  # In non-block form, it returns the lines as an array.
-  #
-  # Note that this method slurps the entire file, so I don't recommend it
-  # for very large files. Also note that 'tail -f' functionality is not
-  # present. See the 'file-tail' library for that.
-  #
-  # Example:
-  #
-  #   File.tail('somefile.txt') # => ['This is line7', 'This is line8', ...]
-  #
-  def self.tail(filename, num_lines=10)
-    if block_given?
-      IO.readlines(filename).reverse[0..num_lines-1].reverse.each{ |line|
-        yield line
-      }
-    else
-      IO.readlines(filename).reverse[0..num_lines-1].reverse
-    end
-  end
-
-  # Converts a text file from one OS platform format to another, ala
-  # 'dos2unix'. The possible values for +platform+ include:
-  #
-  # * MS Windows -> dos, windows, win32, mswin
-  # * Unix/BSD   -> unix, linux, bsd
-  # * Mac        -> mac, macintosh, apple, osx
-  #
-  # Note that this method is only valid for an ftype of "file".  Otherwise a
-  # TypeError will be raised.  If an invalid format value is received, an
-  # ArgumentError is raised.
-  #
-  def self.nl_convert(old_file, new_file = old_file, platform = 'dos')
-    unless File::Stat.new(old_file).file?
-      raise ArgumentError, 'Only valid for plain text files'
-    end
-
-    case platform
-      when /dos|windows|win32|mswin|cygwin|mingw/i
-        format = "\cM\cJ"
-      when /unix|linux|bsd/i
-        format = "\cJ"
-      when /mac|apple|macintosh|osx/i
-        format = "\cM"
-      else
-        raise ArgumentError, "Invalid platform string"
-    end
-
-    orig = $\ # $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR
-    $\ = format
-
-    if old_file == new_file
-      require 'fileutils'
-      require 'tempfile'
-
-      begin
-        temp_name = Time.new.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
-        tf = Tempfile.new('ruby_temp_' + temp_name)
-        tf.open
-
-        IO.foreach(old_file){ |line|
-          line.chomp!
-          tf.print line
-        }
-      ensure
-        tf.close if tf && !tf.closed?
-      end
-
-      File.delete(old_file)
-      FileUtils.cp(tf.path, old_file)
-    else
-      begin
-        nf = File.new(new_file, 'w')
-        IO.foreach(old_file){ |line|
-          line.chomp!
-          nf.print line
-        }
-      ensure
-        nf.close if nf && !nf.closed?
-      end
-    end
-
-    $\ = orig
-    self
-  end
-
-  # Changes the access and modification time if present, or creates a 0
-  # byte file +filename+ if it doesn't already exist.
-  #
-  def self.touch(filename)
-    if File.exist?(filename)
-      time = Time.now
-      File.utime(time, time, filename)
-    else
-      File.open(filename, 'w'){}
-    end
-    self
-  end
-
-  # With no arguments, returns a four element array consisting of the number
-  # of bytes, characters, words and lines in filename, respectively.
-  #
-  # Valid options are 'bytes', 'characters' (or just 'chars'), 'words' and
-  # 'lines'.
-  #
-  def self.wc(filename, option='all')
-    option.downcase!
-    valid = %w/all bytes characters chars lines words/
-
-    unless valid.include?(option)
-      raise ArgumentError, "Invalid option: '#{option}'"
-    end
-
-    n = 0
-
-    if option == 'lines'
-      IO.foreach(filename){ n += 1 }
-      return n
-    elsif option == 'bytes'
-      File.open(filename){ |f|
-        f.each_byte{ n += 1 }
-      }
-      return n
-    elsif option == 'characters' || option == 'chars'
-      File.open(filename){ |f|
-        while f.getc
-          n += 1
-        end
-      }
-      return n
-    elsif option == 'words'
-      IO.foreach(filename){ |line|
-        n += line.split.length
-      }
-      return n
-    else
-      bytes,chars,lines,words = 0,0,0,0
-      IO.foreach(filename){ |line|
-        lines += 1
-        words += line.split.length
-        chars += line.split('').length
-      }
-      File.open(filename){ |f|
-        while f.getc
-          bytes += 1
-        end
-      }
-      return [bytes,chars,words,lines]
-    end
-  end
-
-  # Already provided by win32-file on MS Windows
-  unless respond_to?(:sparse?)
-    # Returns whether or not +file+ is a sparse file.
-    #
-    # A sparse file is a any file where its size is greater than the number
-    # of 512k blocks it consumes, i.e. its apparent and actual file size is
-    # not the same.
-    #
-    # See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparse_file for more information.
-    #
-    def self.sparse?(file)
-      stats = File.stat(file)
-      stats.size > stats.blocks * 512
-    end
-  end
-
-  private
-
-  def self.bmp?(file)
-    IO.read(file, 3) == "BM6"
-  end
-
-  def self.jpg?(file)
-    IO.read(file, 10, nil, :encoding => 'binary') == "\377\330\377\340\000\020JFIF".force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY)
-  end
-
-  def self.png?(file)
-    IO.read(file, 4, nil, :encoding => 'binary') == "\211PNG".force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY)
-  end
-
-  def self.gif?(file)
-    ['GIF89a', 'GIF97a'].include?(IO.read(file, 6))
-  end
-end
+require 'rbconfig'
+require 'win32/file' if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+
+class File
+  # The version of the ptools library.
+  PTOOLS_VERSION = '1.2.7'
+
+  # :stopdoc:
+
+  # The WIN32EXTS string is used as part of a Dir[] call in certain methods.
+  if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+    MSWINDOWS = true
+    if ENV['PATHEXT']
+      WIN32EXTS = ('.{' + ENV['PATHEXT'].tr(';', ',').tr('.','') + '}').downcase
+    else
+      WIN32EXTS = '.{exe,com,bat}'
+    end
+  else
+    MSWINDOWS = false
+  end
+
+  IMAGE_EXT = %w[.bmp .gif .jpg .jpeg .png]
+
+  # :startdoc:
+
+  # Returns whether or not the file is an image. Only JPEG, PNG, BMP and
+  # GIF are checked against.
+  #
+  # This method does some simple read and extension checks. For a version
+  # that is more robust, but which depends on a 3rd party C library (and is
+  # difficult to build on MS Windows), see the 'filemagic' library.
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #    File.image?('somefile.jpg') # => true
+  #    File.image?('somefile.txt') # => false
+  #--
+  # The approach I used here is based on information found at
+  # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_number_(programming)
+  #
+  def self.image?(file)
+    bool = IMAGE_EXT.include?(File.extname(file).downcase)      # Match ext
+    bool = bmp?(file) || jpg?(file) || png?(file) || gif?(file) || tiff?(file) # Check data
+    bool
+  end
+
+  # Returns the name of the null device (aka bitbucket) on your platform.
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   # On Linux
+  #   File.null # => '/dev/null'
+  #
+  #   # On MS Windows
+  #   File.null # => 'NUL'
+  #--
+  # The values I used here are based on information from
+  # http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki//dev/null
+  #
+  def self.null
+    case RbConfig::CONFIG['host_os']
+      when /mswin|win32|msdos|mingw|windows/i
+        'NUL'
+      when /amiga/i
+        'NIL:'
+      when /openvms/i
+        'NL:'
+      else
+        '/dev/null'
+    end
+  end
+
+  class << self
+    alias null_device null
+  end
+
+  # Returns whether or not +file+ is a binary non-image file, i.e. executable,
+  # shared object, ect. Note that this is NOT guaranteed to be 100% accurate.
+  # It performs a "best guess" based on a simple test of the first
+  # +File.blksize+ characters, or 4096, whichever is smaller.
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #
+  #   File.binary?('somefile.exe') # => true
+  #   File.binary?('somefile.txt') # => false
+  #--
+  # Based on code originally provided by Ryan Davis (which, in turn, is
+  # based on Perl's -B switch).
+  #
+  def self.binary?(file)
+    return false if image?(file)
+    bytes = File.stat(file).blksize
+    bytes = 4096 if bytes > 4096
+    s = (File.read(file, bytes) || "")
+    s = s.encode('US-ASCII', :undef => :replace).split(//)
+    ((s.size - s.grep(" ".."~").size) / s.size.to_f) > 0.30
+  end
+
+  # Looks for the first occurrence of +program+ within +path+.
+  #
+  # On Windows, it looks for executables ending with the suffixes defined
+  # in your PATHEXT environment variable, or '.exe', '.bat' and '.com' if
+  # that isn't defined, which you may optionally include in +program+.
+  #
+  # Returns nil if not found.
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   File.which('ruby') # => '/usr/local/bin/ruby'
+  #   File.which('foo')  # => nil
+  #
+  def self.which(program, path=ENV['PATH'])
+    if path.nil? || path.empty?
+      raise ArgumentError, "path cannot be empty"
+    end
+
+    # Bail out early if an absolute path is provided.
+    if program =~ /^\/|^[a-z]:[\\\/]/i
+      program += WIN32EXTS if MSWINDOWS && File.extname(program).empty?
+      found = Dir[program].first
+      if found && File.executable?(found) && !File.directory?(found)
+        return found
+      else
+        return nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Iterate over each path glob the dir + program.
+    path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each{ |dir|
+      dir = File.expand_path(dir)
+
+      next unless File.exist?(dir) # In case of bogus second argument
+      file = File.join(dir, program)
+
+      # Dir[] doesn't handle backslashes properly, so convert them. Also, if
+      # the program name doesn't have an extension, try them all.
+      if MSWINDOWS
+        file = file.tr("\\", "/")
+        file += WIN32EXTS if File.extname(program).empty?
+      end
+
+      found = Dir[file].first
+
+      # Convert all forward slashes to backslashes if supported
+      if found && File.executable?(found) && !File.directory?(found)
+        found.tr!(File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR) if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+        return found
+      end
+    }
+
+    nil
+  end
+
+  # Returns an array of each +program+ within +path+, or nil if it cannot
+  # be found.
+  #
+  # On Windows, it looks for executables ending with the suffixes defined
+  # in your PATHEXT environment variable, or '.exe', '.bat' and '.com' if
+  # that isn't defined, which you may optionally include in +program+.
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #   File.whereis('ruby') # => ['/usr/bin/ruby', '/usr/local/bin/ruby']
+  #   File.whereis('foo')  # => nil
+  #
+  def self.whereis(program, path=ENV['PATH'])
+    if path.nil? || path.empty?
+      raise ArgumentError, "path cannot be empty"
+    end
+
+    paths = []
+
+    # Bail out early if an absolute path is provided.
+    if program =~ /^\/|^[a-z]:[\\\/]/i
+      program += WIN32EXTS if MSWINDOWS && File.extname(program).empty?
+      program = program.tr("\\", '/') if MSWINDOWS
+      found = Dir[program]
+      if found[0] && File.executable?(found[0]) && !File.directory?(found[0])
+        if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+          return found.map{ |f| f.tr('/', "\\") }
+        else
+          return found
+        end
+      else
+        return nil
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Iterate over each path glob the dir + program.
+    path.split(File::PATH_SEPARATOR).each{ |dir|
+      next unless File.exist?(dir) # In case of bogus second argument
+      file = File.join(dir, program)
+
+      # Dir[] doesn't handle backslashes properly, so convert them. Also, if
+      # the program name doesn't have an extension, try them all.
+      if MSWINDOWS
+        file = file.tr("\\", "/")
+        file += WIN32EXTS if File.extname(program).empty?
+      end
+
+      found = Dir[file].first
+
+      # Convert all forward slashes to backslashes if supported
+      if found && File.executable?(found) && !File.directory?(found)
+        found.tr!(File::SEPARATOR, File::ALT_SEPARATOR) if File::ALT_SEPARATOR
+        paths << found
+      end
+    }
+
+    paths.empty? ? nil : paths.uniq
+  end
+
+  # In block form, yields the first +num_lines+ from +filename+.  In non-block
+  # form, returns an Array of +num_lines+
+  #
+  # Examples:
+  #
+  #  # Return an array
+  #  File.head('somefile.txt') # => ['This is line1', 'This is line2', ...]
+  #
+  #  # Use a block
+  #  File.head('somefile.txt'){ |line| puts line }
+  #
+  def self.head(filename, num_lines=10)
+    a = []
+
+    IO.foreach(filename){ |line|
+      break if num_lines <= 0
+      num_lines -= 1
+      if block_given?
+        yield line
+      else
+        a << line
+      end
+    }
+
+    return a.empty? ? nil : a # Return nil in block form
+  end
+
+  # In block form, yields line +from+ up to line +to+.  In non-block form
+  # returns an Array of lines from +from+ to +to+.
+  #
+  def self.middle(filename, from=10, to=20)
+    if block_given?
+      IO.readlines(filename)[from-1..to-1].each{ |line| yield line }
+    else
+      IO.readlines(filename)[from-1..to-1]
+    end
+  end
+
+  # In block form, yields the last +num_lines+ of file +filename+.
+  # In non-block form, it returns the lines as an array.
+  #
+  # Note that this method slurps the entire file, so I don't recommend it
+  # for very large files. Also note that 'tail -f' functionality is not
+  # present. See the 'file-tail' library for that.
+  #
+  # Example:
+  #
+  #   File.tail('somefile.txt') # => ['This is line7', 'This is line8', ...]
+  #
+  def self.tail(filename, num_lines=10)
+    if block_given?
+      IO.readlines(filename).reverse[0..num_lines-1].reverse.each{ |line|
+        yield line
+      }
+    else
+      IO.readlines(filename).reverse[0..num_lines-1].reverse
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Converts a text file from one OS platform format to another, ala
+  # 'dos2unix'. The possible values for +platform+ include:
+  #
+  # * MS Windows -> dos, windows, win32, mswin
+  # * Unix/BSD   -> unix, linux, bsd, osx, darwin, sunos, solaris
+  # * Mac        -> mac, macintosh, apple
+  #
+  # You may also specify 'local', in which case your CONFIG['host_os'] value
+  # will be used. This is the default.
+  #
+  # Note that this method is only valid for an ftype of "file". Otherwise a
+  # TypeError will be raised. If an invalid format value is received, an
+  # ArgumentError is raised.
+  #
+  def self.nl_convert(old_file, new_file = old_file, platform = 'local')
+    unless File::Stat.new(old_file).file?
+      raise ArgumentError, 'Only valid for plain text files'
+    end
+
+    format = nl_for_platform(platform)
+
+    orig = $\ # $OUTPUT_RECORD_SEPARATOR
+    $\ = format
+
+    if old_file == new_file
+      require 'fileutils'
+      require 'tempfile'
+
+      begin
+        temp_name = Time.new.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S")
+        tf = Tempfile.new('ruby_temp_' + temp_name)
+        tf.open
+
+        IO.foreach(old_file){ |line|
+          line.chomp!
+          tf.print line
+        }
+      ensure
+        tf.close if tf && !tf.closed?
+      end
+
+      File.delete(old_file)
+      FileUtils.mv(tf.path, old_file)
+    else
+      begin
+        nf = File.new(new_file, 'w')
+        IO.foreach(old_file){ |line|
+          line.chomp!
+          nf.print line
+        }
+      ensure
+        nf.close if nf && !nf.closed?
+      end
+    end
+
+    $\ = orig
+    self
+  end
+
+  # Changes the access and modification time if present, or creates a 0
+  # byte file +filename+ if it doesn't already exist.
+  #
+  def self.touch(filename)
+    if File.exist?(filename)
+      time = Time.now
+      File.utime(time, time, filename)
+    else
+      File.open(filename, 'w'){}
+    end
+    self
+  end
+
+  # With no arguments, returns a four element array consisting of the number
+  # of bytes, characters, words and lines in filename, respectively.
+  #
+  # Valid options are 'bytes', 'characters' (or just 'chars'), 'words' and
+  # 'lines'.
+  #
+  def self.wc(filename, option='all')
+    option.downcase!
+    valid = %w/all bytes characters chars lines words/
+
+    unless valid.include?(option)
+      raise ArgumentError, "Invalid option: '#{option}'"
+    end
+
+    n = 0
+
+    if option == 'lines'
+      IO.foreach(filename){ n += 1 }
+      return n
+    elsif option == 'bytes'
+      File.open(filename){ |f|
+        f.each_byte{ n += 1 }
+      }
+      return n
+    elsif option == 'characters' || option == 'chars'
+      File.open(filename){ |f|
+        while f.getc
+          n += 1
+        end
+      }
+      return n
+    elsif option == 'words'
+      IO.foreach(filename){ |line|
+        n += line.split.length
+      }
+      return n
+    else
+      bytes,chars,lines,words = 0,0,0,0
+      IO.foreach(filename){ |line|
+        lines += 1
+        words += line.split.length
+        chars += line.split('').length
+      }
+      File.open(filename){ |f|
+        while f.getc
+          bytes += 1
+        end
+      }
+      return [bytes,chars,words,lines]
+    end
+  end
+
+  # Already provided by win32-file on MS Windows
+  unless respond_to?(:sparse?)
+    # Returns whether or not +file+ is a sparse file.
+    #
+    # A sparse file is a any file where its size is greater than the number
+    # of 512k blocks it consumes, i.e. its apparent and actual file size is
+    # not the same.
+    #
+    # See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sparse_file for more information.
+    #
+    def self.sparse?(file)
+      stats = File.stat(file)
+      stats.size > stats.blocks * 512
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+
+  def self.nl_for_platform(platform)
+    platform = RbConfig::CONFIG["host_os"] if platform == 'local'
+
+    case platform
+      when /dos|windows|win32|mswin|mingw/i
+        return "\cM\cJ"
+      when /unix|linux|bsd|cygwin|osx|darwin|solaris|sunos/i
+        return "\cJ"
+      when /mac|apple|macintosh/i
+        return "\cM"
+      else
+        raise ArgumentError, "Invalid platform string"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def self.bmp?(file)
+    IO.read(file, 3) == "BM6"
+  end
+
+  def self.jpg?(file)
+    IO.read(file, 10, nil, :encoding => 'binary') == "\377\330\377\340\000\020JFIF".force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY)
+  end
+
+  def self.png?(file)
+    IO.read(file, 4, nil, :encoding => 'binary') == "\211PNG".force_encoding(Encoding::BINARY)
+  end
+
+  def self.gif?(file)
+    ['GIF89a', 'GIF97a'].include?(IO.read(file, 6))
+  end
+
+  def self.tiff?(file)
+    return false if File.size(file) < 12
+
+    bytes = IO.read(file, 4)
+
+    # II is Intel, MM is Motorola
+    if bytes[0..1] != 'II'&& bytes[0..1] != 'MM'
+      return false
+    end
+
+    if bytes[0..1] == 'II' && bytes[2..3].ord != 42
+      return false
+    end
+
+    if bytes[0..1] == 'MM' && bytes[2..3].reverse.ord != 42
+      return false
+    end
+
+    true
+  end
+end