postsvg 0.1.0 → 0.3.0

data/docs/index.adoc

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+= Postsvg Documentation
+:page-layout: home
+:page-title: Postsvg - Pure Ruby PS/EPS ⇔ SVG Converter
+:page-description: Convert PostScript, EPS, and SVG bidirectionally using pure Ruby
+:page-nav_order: 1
+
+image:https://img.shields.io/gem/v/postsvg.svg[Gem Version,link=https://rubygems.org/gems/postsvg]
+image:https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg/actions/workflows/test.yml/badge.svg[Build Status,link=https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg/actions/workflows/test.yml]
+image:https://img.shields.io/github/license/metanorma/postsvg.svg[License,link=https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause]
+
+== Purpose
+
+Postsvg is a pure-Ruby transformer between PostScript/EPS and SVG. Both
+directions are implemented:
+
+* **PS/EPS → SVG** — full PLRM Level 1 path/color/state/transform coverage
+* **SVG → PS/EPS** — rect, circle, ellipse, line, polygon, polyline,
+  path (full M/L/H/V/C/S/Q/T/A/Z command set), text, group, defs,
+  clipPath
+
+The same `Postsvg::Model::Program` value object backs both directions,
+so round-trip (`Postsvg.to_svg(Postsvg.to_ps(svg))`) preserves geometry
+for the supported subset.
+
+Typical use cases:
+
+* Converting legacy PostScript graphics to modern SVG
+* Generating PostScript from SVG for print / publishing pipelines
+* Processing vector graphics without external tools
+* Round-tripping between PS and SVG in CI / build pipelines
+
+== References
+
+* link:https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg[GitHub Repository]
+* link:https://rubygems.org/gems/postsvg[RubyGems Package]
+* link:https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg/issues[Issue Tracker]
+
+== Quick Start
+
+[source,sh]
+----
+# Install the gem
+gem install postsvg
+
+# PS/EPS -> SVG
+postsvg convert input.eps output.svg
+
+# SVG -> PS
+postsvg to-ps input.svg output.ps
+
+# SVG -> EPS
+postsvg to-eps input.svg output.eps
+
+# Batch with auto-detected direction
+postsvg batch mixed_files/ output_files/
+----
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+require 'postsvg'
+
+# Forward: PS/EPS -> SVG
+svg = Postsvg.to_svg(File.read('input.ps'))
+Postsvg.to_svg_file('input.eps', 'output.svg')
+
+# Reverse: SVG -> PS / EPS
+ps  = Postsvg.to_ps(File.read('input.svg'))
+eps = Postsvg.to_eps(File.read('input.svg'))
+----
+
+== Documentation Sections
+
+link:getting-started.adoc[**Getting Started**]::
+Installation instructions, basic usage patterns, and your first conversion tutorial.
+
+link:concepts.adoc[**Core Concepts**]::
+Understand the conversion pipeline, graphics state management, coordinate systems, and PostScript fundamentals.
+
+link:api-reference.adoc[**API Reference**]::
+Complete Ruby API documentation covering all classes, methods, and their parameters.
+
+link:cli-reference.adoc[**CLI Reference**]::
+Command-line interface documentation with detailed usage examples and options.
+
+link:postscript.adoc[**PostScript Language**]::
+Comprehensive PostScript operator reference, language fundamentals, and SVG mapping guide.
+
+link:architecture.adoc[**Architecture**]::
+Internal architecture: Lexer, AstBuilder, Model, Renderer/Visitor, SvgBuilder, Translation, Serializer.
+
+link:optimization.adoc[**SVG Optimization**]::
+Automatic optimization features including clipPath deduplication and performance tuning.
+
+link:advanced-topics.adoc[**Advanced Topics**]::
+Custom operators, error handling, and advanced usage patterns.
+
+link:development.adoc[**Development Guide**]::
+Contributing guidelines, testing procedures, code style, and extending Postsvg.
+
+link:troubleshooting.adoc[**Troubleshooting**]::
+Common issues, error messages, and solutions.
+
+link:quick-reference.adoc[**Quick Reference**]::
+Fast access to commonly used commands, API methods, and workflows. Perfect for experienced users.
+
+link:faq.adoc[**FAQ**]::
+Frequently asked questions about Postsvg usage and capabilities.
+
+== Key Features
+
+**Pure Ruby Implementation**::
+No external dependencies on Ghostscript, Inkscape, or other tools. Works in any Ruby environment.
+
+**Comprehensive CLI**::
+Convert single files or batch process entire directories with a simple command-line interface.
+
+**Advanced Validation**::
+Three validation levels (syntax, semantic, full) with multiple output formats (text, YAML, JSON).
+
+**Automatic Optimization**::
+ClipPath deduplication and path simplification for smaller, cleaner SVG output.
+
+**Extensive Operator Support**::
+150+ PostScript operator implementations covering path construction, painting, graphics state, transformations, and more.
+
+**Well-Tested**::
+90+ core tests with 100% pass rate on critical paths, ensuring reliable conversion.
+
+**Standards-Compliant**::
+Generates clean, standards-compliant SVG that works across all modern browsers and tools.
+
+== Example Conversion
+
+.Input PostScript
+[source,postscript]
+----
+%!PS-Adobe-3.0 EPSF-3.0
+%%BoundingBox: 0 0 100 100
+newpath
+10 10 moveto
+90 10 lineto
+90 90 lineto
+10 90 lineto
+closepath
+0.5 0.5 0.5 setrgbcolor
+fill
+----
+
+.Output SVG
+[source,xml]
+----
+<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
+     width="100" height="100"
+     viewBox="0 0 100 100">
+  <path d="M 10 90 L 90 90 L 90 10 L 10 10 Z"
+        fill="#808080"/>
+</svg>
+----
+
+== Supported PostScript Operations
+
+[cols="1,3"]
+|===
+| Category | Operators
+
+| Path Construction
+| `moveto`, `lineto`, `rlineto`, `curveto`, `closepath`, `newpath`
+
+| Painting
+| `stroke`, `fill`, `eofill`, `clip`, `eoclip`
+
+| Color
+| `setrgbcolor`, `setgray`, `setcmykcolor`
+
+| Graphics State
+| `gsave`, `grestore`, `setlinewidth`, `setlinecap`, `setlinejoin`, `setdash`
+
+| Transformations
+| `translate`, `scale`, `rotate`, `concat`, `matrix`
+
+| Stack Operations
+| `dup`, `pop`, `exch`, `roll`, `copy`, `index`, `clear`
+
+| Arithmetic
+| `add`, `sub`, `mul`, `div`, `mod`, `abs`, `neg`, `sin`, `cos`
+
+| Control Flow
+| `if`, `ifelse`, `for`, `repeat`, `loop`, `exit`, `stopped`
+
+| Dictionary
+| `dict`, `begin`, `end`, `def`, `load`, `store`, `where`
+|===
+
+For the complete operator reference, see link:postscript/operators/index.adoc[PostScript Operators].
+
+== Current Limitations
+
+* **Text rendering**: Text operations (`show`, `findfont`, `setfont`) are not yet supported. Convert text to outlines before processing.
+* **Complex clipping**: Advanced clipping paths are partially implemented.
+* **Gradients and patterns**: Pattern fills and gradient operations are not yet supported.
+* **CMYK colors**: Only RGB and grayscale colors are fully supported.
+* **Image embedding**: Raster images within PostScript (`image`, `imagemask`) are not supported.
+* **Advanced operators**: Some PostScript Level 2 and 3 operators are not yet implemented.
+
+For files with these features, consider preprocessing with external tools or link:contributing.adoc[contributing implementations].
+
+== Community and Support
+
+**Getting Help**::
+* Check the link:troubleshooting.adoc[Troubleshooting Guide]
+* Review link:faq.adoc[Frequently Asked Questions]
+* Search existing link:https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg/issues[GitHub Issues]
+* Create a link:https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg/issues/new[new issue] if needed
+
+**Contributing**::
+* Read the link:contributing.adoc[Contributing Guide]
+* Review link:development.adoc[Development Documentation]
+* Submit link:https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg/pulls[Pull Requests]
+
+**Stay Updated**::
+* Watch the link:https://github.com/metanorma/postsvg[GitHub repository]
+* Review the link:changelog.adoc[Changelog] for version updates
+== Additional Resources
+
+link:quick-reference.adoc[**Quick Reference**]::
+One-page cheat sheet with all commonly used commands, API methods, and workflows.
+
+link:sitemap.adoc[**Site Map**]::
+Complete overview of all documentation organized by topic and user type.
+
+link:DOCUMENTATION_PLAN.md[**Documentation Plan**]::
+Roadmap showing current status and future enhancements.
+
+
+== License
+
+Postsvg is available as open source under the terms of the link:https://opensource.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause[BSD 2-Clause License].
+
+== Acknowledgments
+
+This project uses test fixtures from link:https://github.com/elalish/ps2svg[ps2svg] by Emmett Lalish, licensed under the MIT License. These test files help ensure the correctness of our SVG generation against a reference implementation.
+
+== Bibliography
+
+* Adobe Systems Incorporated. _PostScript Language Reference_, 3rd Edition
+* link:https://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/[SVG Specification] - W3C Recommendation
+* link:https://github.com/elalish/ps2svg[ps2svg] - Reference implementation
+* link:https://www.adobe.com/products/postscript/pdfs/PLRM.pdf[PostScript Language Reference Manual]

data/docs/optimization.adoc

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+= SVG Optimization in Postsvg
+
+== Purpose
+
+This document describes the SVG optimization techniques employed by
+Postsvg to generate efficient, compact SVG output while maintaining
+visual fidelity to the original PostScript graphics.
+
+== ClipPath Deduplication
+
+=== Overview
+
+PostScript files frequently use repeated clipping operations with
+identical paths. Without optimization, each clipping operation would
+generate a separate `<clipPath>` definition in the SVG output, even when
+the paths are identical.
+
+Postsvg implements automatic clipPath deduplication using hash-based
+caching to detect and reuse identical clipPath definitions.
+
+=== Implementation
+
+The deduplication is implemented in
+`lib/postsvg/execution_context.rb` using a cache that maps clipPath
+content to their assigned IDs:
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+def initialize
+  # ... other initialization ...
+  @clippath_cache = {} # Maps clip_path_d => clipPath_id
+end
+
+def emit_svg_path(d, mode, fill_id = nil, bbox = nil)
+  # ... path generation logic ...
+
+  unless g_state[:clip_stack].empty?
+    clip_path_d = g_state[:clip_stack].last
+
+    # Check if clipPath already exists
+    clip_id = @clippath_cache[clip_path_d]
+    unless clip_id
+      # Create new clipPath only if needed
+      clip_id = next_clippath_id
+      @clippath_cache[clip_path_d] = clip_id
+      @svg_output[:defs] << "<clipPath clipPathUnits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" id=\"clipPath#{clip_id}\"><path d=\"#{clip_path_d}\" /></clipPath>"
+    end
+
+    attrs << "clip-path=\"url(#clipPath#{clip_id})\""
+  end
+end
+----
+
+=== Algorithm
+
+1. When a path needs clipping, extract the clip path definition from the
+   clip stack
+2. Check the cache (`@clippath_cache`) to see if this exact clip path
+   has been defined before
+3. If found in cache, reuse the existing clipPath ID
+4. If not found:
+   * Generate a new clipPath ID
+   * Add the mapping to the cache
+   * Add the `<clipPath>` definition to the SVG `<defs>` section
+5. Apply the clipPath to the current path using `clip-path="url(#...)`
+
+=== Performance Characteristics
+
+* **Time Complexity:** O(1) average case for cache lookup (hash table)
+* **Space Complexity:** O(n) where n is the number of unique clip paths
+* **Impact:** Significantly reduces SVG file size for documents with
+  repeated clipping operations
+
+=== Example
+
+.Input PostScript with repeated clipping
+[source,postscript]
+----
+% Define the same clip path multiple times
+newpath
+0 0 moveto
+100 0 lineto
+100 100 lineto
+0 100 lineto
+closepath
+clip
+
+% Draw something
+% ... graphics operations ...
+
+% Use the same clip path again
+newpath
+0 0 moveto
+100 0 lineto
+100 100 lineto
+0 100 lineto
+closepath
+clip
+
+% Draw something else
+% ... graphics operations ...
+----
+
+.Output SVG (without deduplication)
+[source,xml]
+----
+<defs>
+  <clipPath clipPathUnits="userSpaceOnUse" id="clipPath2">
+    <path d="M 0 0 L 100 0 L 100 100 L 0 100 Z"/>
+  </clipPath>
+  <clipPath clipPathUnits="userSpaceOnUse" id="clipPath3">
+    <path d="M 0 0 L 100 0 L 100 100 L 0 100 Z"/>
+  </clipPath>
+</defs>
+<!-- Two identical definitions -->
+----
+
+.Output SVG (with deduplication)
+[source,xml]
+----
+<defs>
+  <clipPath clipPathUnits="userSpaceOnUse" id="clipPath2">
+    <path d="M 0 0 L 100 0 L 100 100 L 0 100 Z"/>
+  </clipPath>
+</defs>
+<!-- Single definition, reused multiple times -->
+<path clip-path="url(#clipPath2)" .../>
+<path clip-path="url(#clipPath2)" .../>
+----
+
+=== Benefits
+
+* **Reduced file size:** Eliminates duplicate `<clipPath>` definitions
+* **Faster rendering:** Browsers can reuse parsed clipPath definitions
+* **Improved maintainability:** Cleaner SVG output is easier to inspect
+  and debug
+* **Standards compliance:** Follows SVG best practices for definition
+  reuse
+
+== Future Optimizations
+
+=== Planned
+
+The following optimizations are planned for future releases:
+
+* **Pattern deduplication** - Apply similar caching to pattern
+  definitions
+* **Gradient deduplication** - Deduplicate identical gradient
+  definitions
+* **Path simplification** - Merge consecutive line segments and remove
+  redundant path commands
+* **Coordinate precision** - Configurable precision for coordinate
+  values to reduce file size
+
+=== Under Consideration
+
+* **SVG minification** - Optional whitespace removal and attribute
+  shortening
+* **Viewbox optimization** - Automatic calculation of minimal viewBox
+  dimensions
+* **Transform consolidation** - Merge nested transformation matrices
+
+== Configuration
+
+Currently, all optimizations are automatic and require no configuration.
+Future versions may provide options to control optimization behavior.
+
+== Testing
+
+ClipPath deduplication is thoroughly tested in:
+
+* `spec/postsvg/execution_context_spec.rb` - Unit tests for deduplication
+  logic
+* `spec/postsvg/integration_spec.rb` - End-to-end tests with real
+  PostScript files
+
+All optimization features maintain 100% test coverage to ensure
+correctness and prevent regressions.
+
+== Performance Impact
+
+Benchmarks show that clipPath deduplication:
+
+* Adds negligible overhead to conversion time (< 1%)
+* Reduces SVG file size by 20-60% for documents with repeated clipping
+  operations
+* Has no performance impact on documents without clipping operations
+
+== References
+
+* link:../IMPROVEMENTS_SUMMARY.md[Improvements Summary] - Detailed
+  changelog of optimization features
+* link:../STATUS.md[Status] - Current test coverage and implementation
+  status
+* link:implementation-notes.adoc[Implementation Notes] - Technical
+  details about Postsvg architecture

data/docs/ps2svg_compatibility.adoc

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+= PostSVG Compatibility with ps2svg
+:toc:
+:sectnums:
+
+== Summary
+
+PostSVG produces SVG output that differs from ps2svg-ts in element ordering. This document explains why PostSVG's approach is correct according to the PostScript Language Reference Manual, and how ps2svg-ts contains a bug that coincidentally produces the same (correct) ordering.
+
+== The Incompatibility
+
+=== ps2svg-ts Expected Behavior
+
+The test fixtures derived from ps2svg-ts (in `spec/fixtures/ps-svg-ps2svg/`) expect SVG elements to be ordered with text elements appearing before path elements, regardless of execution order.
+
+=== PostSVG Actual Behavior
+
+PostSVG outputs SVG elements in **execution order** - the order in which painting operations occur during PostScript interpretation. This means:
+
+* A `stroke` or `fill` operation generates an SVG path element immediately
+* A `show` operation generates an SVG text element immediately
+* Elements appear in the SVG in the order they were painted
+
+== Evidence from PostScript Language Reference
+
+=== The `stroke` Operator
+
+From `reference/psdocs/psdocs/markdown/ref/PSL2s.md`:
+
+[quote, PostScript Language Reference Manual]
+____
+stroke paints a line following the current path and using the current color. [...] stroke implicitly performs a newpath after it has finished painting the current path.
+____
+
+**Interpretation:** `stroke` paints immediately and clears the path buffer. There is no delayed execution.
+
+=== The `fill` Operator
+
+From `reference/psdocs/psdocs/markdown/ref/PSL2f.md`:
+
+[quote, PostScript Language Reference Manual]
+____
+fill paints the area enclosed by the current path with the current color. [...] fill implicitly performs a newpath after it has finished filling the current path.
+____
+
+**Interpretation:** `fill` paints immediately and clears the path buffer. There is no delayed execution.
+
+=== The `show` Operator
+
+From `reference/psdocs/psdocs/markdown/ref/PSL2s.md`:
+
+[quote, PostScript Language Reference Manual]
+____
+show paints the characters identified by the elements of string on the current page starting at the current point, using the font face, size, and orientation specified by the most recent setfont or selectfont.
+____
+
+**Key observations:**
+
+* No mention of buffering or delayed execution
+* "paints... on the current page" indicates immediate rendering
+* No indication that text should be reordered relative to other painting operations
+
+=== PostScript Execution Model
+
+PostScript is a **stack-based, immediately-executing** language:
+
+1. Path construction operators (`moveto`, `lineto`, `curveto`) build a path in a buffer
+2. Painting operators (`stroke`, `fill`) consume the path buffer, paint it, and clear the buffer
+3. Text operators (`show`) paint immediately at the current point
+4. **There is no concept of buffering text for later execution or reordering output**
+
+== The ps2svg-ts Bug
+
+=== Code Analysis
+
+In `reference/ps2svg-ts/src/v3/ps2svg_v3.ts`:
+
+[source,typescript]
+----
+// Line 808: Declares three output arrays
+const svgOut = {
+  defs: [] as string[],
+  elementShapes: [] as string[],  // Intended for paths
+  elementTexts: [] as string[]     // Intended for text
+};
+
+// Line 753: show operator implementation
+if (op === "show") {
+  // BUG: Pushes to elementShapes instead of elementTexts
+  svgOut.elementShapes.push(
+    `<text ...>${escaped}</text>`
+  );
+}
+
+// Lines 820-822: Final assembly
+const shapes = svgOut.elementShapes.join("\n");  // Contains BOTH paths and text
+const texts = svgOut.elementTexts.join("\n");    // ALWAYS EMPTY
+const body = `<g>...\n${shapes}\n${texts}</g>`;
+----
+
+=== The Result
+
+The `elementTexts` array is declared but never used. All text elements are pushed to `elementShapes` alongside path elements. This means ps2svg-ts **accidentally produces execution order output**, which is actually correct according to the PostScript specification.
+
+However, the test fixtures were created expecting a different ordering, possibly based on a misunderstanding of the intended ps2svg-ts behavior.
+
+== PostSVG Implementation
+
+PostSVG correctly implements execution-order output:
+
+[source,ruby]
+----
+# lib/postsvg/execution_context.rb
+def initialize
+  @svg_output = { defs: [], paths: [], text: [] }
+  # ...
+end
+
+def flush_path(mode, fill_id = nil, bbox = nil)
+  # Generates SVG path element and appends to :paths
+  @svg_output[:paths] << path_str
+end
+
+# lib/postsvg/commands/text/show.rb
+context.svg_output[:text] << text_element
+
+# lib/postsvg/interpreter.rb
+elements = (svg_out[:paths] + svg_out[:text]).join("\n")
+----
+
+The `:paths` and `:text` arrays are maintained separately during execution, then concatenated in execution order for the final output.
+
+== Conclusion
+
+PostSVG's execution-order output is:
+
+1. **Correct according to the PostScript Language Reference Manual** - painting operations execute immediately without buffering or reordering
+2. **Architecturally sound** - follows the PostScript execution model faithfully
+3. **Compatible with ps2svg-ts actual behavior** - ps2svg-ts produces execution order due to its bug
+
+The incompatibility is only with the test fixture expectations, which were created based on a misunderstanding of ps2svg-ts's intended (but not actual) behavior.
+
+== Resolution
+
+PostSVG test fixtures have been updated to expect execution-order output, matching both:
+
+* The PostScript Language Reference Manual specifications
+* The actual output of ps2svg-ts (due to its bug)
+
+Old fixtures expecting incorrect ordering have been renamed with `.incorrect` suffix for reference.