polars-df 0.1.1 → 0.1.3

data/lib/polars/series.rb

@@ -1,7 +1,40 @@
 module Polars
+  # A Series represents a single column in a polars DataFrame.
   class Series
+    include ExprDispatch
+
+    # @private
     attr_accessor :_s
 
+    # Create a new Series.
+    #
+    # @param name [String, Array, nil]
+    #   Name of the series. Will be used as a column name when used in a DataFrame.
+    #   When not specified, name is set to an empty string.
+    # @param values [Array, nil]
+    #   One-dimensional data in various forms. Supported are: Array and Series.
+    # @param dtype [Symbol, nil]
+    #   Polars dtype of the Series data. If not specified, the dtype is inferred.
+    # @param strict [Boolean]
+    #   Throw error on numeric overflow.
+    # @param nan_to_null [Boolean]
+    #   Not used.
+    # @param dtype_if_empty [Symbol, nil]
+    #   If no dtype is specified and values contains `nil` or an empty array,
+    #   set the Polars dtype of the Series data. If not specified, Float32 is used.
+    #
+    # @example Constructing a Series by specifying name and values positionally:
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #
+    # @example Notice that the dtype is automatically inferred as a polars Int64:
+    #   s.dtype
+    #   # => :i64
+    #
+    # @example Constructing a Series with a specific dtype:
+    #   s2 = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3], dtype: :f32)
+    #
+    # @example It is possible to construct a Series with values as the first positional argument. This syntax considered an anti-pattern, but it can be useful in certain scenarios. You must specify any other arguments through keywords.
+    #   s3 = Polars::Series.new([1, 2, 3])
     def initialize(name = nil, values = nil, dtype: nil, strict: true, nan_to_null: false, dtype_if_empty: nil)
       # Handle case where values are passed as the first argument
       if !name.nil? && !name.is_a?(String)
@@ -17,6 +50,8 @@ module Polars
 
       if values.nil?
         self._s = sequence_to_rbseries(name, [], dtype: dtype, dtype_if_empty: dtype_if_empty)
+      elsif values.is_a?(Series)
+        self._s = series_to_rbseries(name, values)
       elsif values.is_a?(Range)
         self._s =
           Polars.arange(
@@ -35,16 +70,23 @@ module Polars
       end
     end
 
+    # @private
     def self._from_rbseries(s)
       series = Series.allocate
       series._s = s
       series
     end
 
+    # Get the data type of this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Symbol]
     def dtype
-      _s.dtype.to_sym
+      _s.dtype
     end
 
+    # Get flags that are set on the Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Hash]
     def flags
       {
         "SORTED_ASC" => _s.is_sorted_flag,
@@ -52,154 +94,491 @@ module Polars
       }
     end
 
+    # Get the inner dtype in of a List typed Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Symbol]
     def inner_dtype
-      _s.inner_dtype&.to_sym
+      _s.inner_dtype
     end
 
+    # Get the name of this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
     def name
       _s.name
     end
 
+    # Shape of this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Array]
     def shape
       [_s.len]
     end
 
-    # def time_unit
-    # end
+    # Get the time unit of underlying Datetime Series as `"ns"`, `"us"`, or `"ms"`.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def time_unit
+      _s.time_unit
+    end
 
+    # Returns a string representing the Series.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
     def to_s
       _s.to_s
     end
     alias_method :inspect, :to_s
 
+    # Bitwise AND.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def &(other)
+      if !other.is_a?(Series)
+        other = Series.new([other])
+      end
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.bitand(other._s))
     end
 
+    # Bitwise OR.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def |(other)
+      if !other.is_a?(Series)
+        other = Series.new([other])
+      end
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.bitor(other._s))
     end
 
+    # Bitwise XOR.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def ^(other)
+      if !other.is_a?(Series)
+        other = Series.new([other])
+      end
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.bitxor(other._s))
     end
 
-    # def ==(other)
-    # end
+    # Equal.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def ==(other)
+      _comp(other, :eq)
+    end
 
-    # def !=(other)
-    # end
+    # Not equal.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def !=(other)
+      _comp(other, :neq)
+    end
 
-    # def >(other)
-    # end
+    # Greater than.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def >(other)
+      _comp(other, :gt)
+    end
 
-    # def <(other)
-    # end
+    # Less than.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def <(other)
+      _comp(other, :lt)
+    end
 
-    # def >=(other)
-    # end
+    # Greater than or equal.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def >=(other)
+      _comp(other, :gt_eq)
+    end
 
-    # def <=(other)
-    # end
+    # Less than or equal.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def <=(other)
+      _comp(other, :lt_eq)
+    end
 
+    # Performs addition.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def +(other)
-     Utils. wrap_s(_s.add(other._s))
+      _arithmetic(other, :add)
     end
 
+    # Performs subtraction.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def -(other)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.sub(other._s))
+      _arithmetic(other, :sub)
     end
 
+    # Performs multiplication.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def *(other)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.mul(other._s))
+      _arithmetic(other, :mul)
     end
 
+    # Performs division.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def /(other)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.div(other._s))
+      _arithmetic(other, :div)
     end
 
+    # Returns the modulo.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def %(other)
+      if is_datelike
+        raise ArgumentError, "first cast to integer before applying modulo on datelike dtypes"
+      end
+      _arithmetic(other, :rem)
+    end
+
+    # Raises to the power of exponent.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def **(power)
-      # if is_datelike
-      #   raise ArgumentError, "first cast to integer before raising datelike dtypes to a power"
-      # end
+      if is_datelike
+        raise ArgumentError, "first cast to integer before raising datelike dtypes to a power"
+      end
       to_frame.select(Polars.col(name).pow(power)).to_series
     end
 
-    # def -@(other)
-    # end
+    # Performs negation.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def -@
+      0 - self
+    end
 
+    # Returns elements of the Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Object]
     def [](item)
-      _s.get_idx(item)
+      if item.is_a?(Integer)
+        return _s.get_idx(item)
+      end
+
+      if item.is_a?(Range)
+        return Slice.new(self).apply(item)
+      end
+
+      raise ArgumentError, "Cannot get item of type: #{item.class.name}"
     end
 
-    # def []=(key, value)
-    # end
+    # Sets an element of the Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Object]
+    def []=(key, value)
+      if value.is_a?(Array)
+        if is_numeric || is_datelike
+          set_at_idx(key, value)
+          return
+        end
+        raise ArgumentError, "cannot set Series of dtype: #{dtype} with list/tuple as value; use a scalar value"
+      end
+
+      if key.is_a?(Series)
+        if key.dtype == :bool
+          self._s = set(key, value)._s
+        elsif key.dtype == :u64
+          self._s = set_at_idx(key.cast(:u32), value)._s
+        elsif key.dtype == :u32
+          self._s = set_at_idx(key, value)._s
+        else
+          raise Todo
+        end
+      end
 
+      if key.is_a?(Array)
+        s = Utils.wrap_s(sequence_to_rbseries("", key, dtype: :u32))
+        self[s] = value
+      elsif key.is_a?(Integer)
+        # TODO fix
+        # self[[key]] = value
+        set_at_idx(key, value)
+      else
+        raise ArgumentError, "cannot use #{key} for indexing"
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Return an estimation of the total (heap) allocated size of the Series.
+    #
+    # Estimated size is given in the specified unit (bytes by default).
+    #
+    # This estimation is the sum of the size of its buffers, validity, including
+    # nested arrays. Multiple arrays may share buffers and bitmaps. Therefore, the
+    # size of 2 arrays is not the sum of the sizes computed from this function. In
+    # particular, StructArray's size is an upper bound.
+    #
+    # When an array is sliced, its allocated size remains constant because the buffer
+    # unchanged. However, this function will yield a smaller number. This is because
+    # this function returns the visible size of the buffer, not its total capacity.
+    #
+    # FFI buffers are included in this estimation.
+    #
+    # @param unit ["b", "kb", "mb", "gb", "tb"]
+    #   Scale the returned size to the given unit.
+    #
+    # @return [Numeric]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("values", 1..1_000_000, dtype: :u32)
+    #   s.estimated_size
+    #   # => 4000000
+    #   s.estimated_size("mb")
+    #   # => 3.814697265625
     def estimated_size(unit = "b")
       sz = _s.estimated_size
       Utils.scale_bytes(sz, to: unit)
     end
 
+    # Compute the square root of the elements.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def sqrt
-      self ** 0.5
+      self**0.5
     end
 
+    # Check if any boolean value in the column is `true`.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
     def any
       to_frame.select(Polars.col(name).any).to_series[0]
     end
 
+    # Check if all boolean values in the column are `true`.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
     def all
       to_frame.select(Polars.col(name).all).to_series[0]
     end
 
-    # def log
-    # end
+    # Compute the logarithm to a given base.
+    #
+    # @param base [Float]
+    #   Given base, defaults to `Math::E`.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def log(base = Math::E)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def log10
-    # end
+    # Compute the base 10 logarithm of the input array, element-wise.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def log10
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def exp
-    # end
+    # Compute the exponential, element-wise.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def exp
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def drop_nulls
-    # end
+    # Create a new Series that copies data from this Series without null values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def drop_nulls
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def drop_nans
-    # end
+    # Drop NaN values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def drop_nans
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Cast this Series to a DataFrame.
+    #
+    # @return [DataFrame]
     def to_frame
       Utils.wrap_df(RbDataFrame.new([_s]))
     end
 
-    # def describe
-    # end
+    # Quick summary statistics of a series.
+    #
+    # Series with mixed datatypes will return summary statistics for the datatype of
+    # the first value.
+    #
+    # @return [DataFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   series_num = Polars::Series.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    #   series_num.describe
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (6, 2)
+    #   # ┌────────────┬──────────┐
+    #   # │ statistic  ┆ value    │
+    #   # │ ---        ┆ ---      │
+    #   # │ str        ┆ f64      │
+    #   # ╞════════════╪══════════╡
+    #   # │ min        ┆ 1.0      │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ max        ┆ 5.0      │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ null_count ┆ 0.0      │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ mean       ┆ 3.0      │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ std        ┆ 1.581139 │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ count      ┆ 5.0      │
+    #   # └────────────┴──────────┘
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   series_str = Polars::Series.new(["a", "a", nil, "b", "c"])
+    #   series_str.describe
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌────────────┬───────┐
+    #   # │ statistic  ┆ value │
+    #   # │ ---        ┆ ---   │
+    #   # │ str        ┆ i64   │
+    #   # ╞════════════╪═══════╡
+    #   # │ unique     ┆ 4     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ null_count ┆ 1     │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ count      ┆ 5     │
+    #   # └────────────┴───────┘
+    def describe
+      if len == 0
+        raise ArgumentError, "Series must contain at least one value"
+      elsif is_numeric
+        s = cast(:f64)
+        stats = {
+          "min" => s.min,
+          "max" => s.max,
+          "null_count" => s.null_count,
+          "mean" => s.mean,
+          "std" => s.std,
+          "count" => s.len
+        }
+      elsif is_boolean
+        stats = {
+          "sum" => sum,
+          "null_count" => null_count,
+          "count" => len
+        }
+      elsif is_utf8
+        stats = {
+          "unique" => unique.length,
+          "null_count" => null_count,
+          "count" => len
+        }
+      elsif is_datelike
+        # we coerce all to string, because a polars column
+        # only has a single dtype and dates: datetime and count: int don't match
+        stats = {
+          "min" => dt.min.to_s,
+          "max" => dt.max.to_s,
+          "null_count" => null_count.to_s,
+          "count" => len.to_s
+        }
+      else
+        raise TypeError, "This type is not supported"
+      end
 
+      Polars::DataFrame.new(
+        {"statistic" => stats.keys, "value" => stats.values}
+      )
+    end
+
+    # Reduce this Series to the sum value.
+    #
+    # @return [Numeric]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   Dtypes `:i8`, `:u8`, `:i16`, and `:u16` are cast to
+    #   `:i64` before summing to prevent overflow issues.
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.sum
+    #   # => 6
     def sum
       _s.sum
     end
 
+    # Reduce this Series to the mean value.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.mean
+    #   # => 2.0
     def mean
       _s.mean
     end
 
+    # Reduce this Series to the product value.
+    #
+    # @return [Numeric]
     def product
       to_frame.select(Polars.col(name).product).to_series[0]
     end
 
+    # Get the minimal value in this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Object]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.min
+    #   # => 1
     def min
       _s.min
     end
 
+    # Get the maximum value in this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Object]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.max
+    #   # => 3
     def max
       _s.max
     end
 
-    # def nan_max
-    # end
-
-    # def nan_min
-    # end
-
+    # Get maximum value, but propagate/poison encountered NaN values.
+    #
+    # @return [Object]
+    def nan_max
+      to_frame.select(Polars.col(name).nan_max)[0, 0]
+    end
+
+    # Get minimum value, but propagate/poison encountered NaN values.
+    #
+    # @return [Object]
+    def nan_min
+      to_frame.select(Polars.col(name).nan_min)[0, 0]
+    end
+
+    # Get the standard deviation of this Series.
+    #
+    # @param ddof [Integer]
+    #  “Delta Degrees of Freedom”: the divisor used in the calculation is N - ddof,
+    #   where N represents the number of elements.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.std
+    #   # => 1.0
     def std(ddof: 1)
       if !is_numeric
         nil
@@ -208,6 +587,18 @@ module Polars
       end
     end
 
+    # Get variance of this Series.
+    #
+    # @param ddof [Integer]
+    #  “Delta Degrees of Freedom”: the divisor used in the calculation is N - ddof,
+    #   where N represents the number of elements.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.var
+    #   # => 1.0
     def var(ddof: 1)
       if !is_numeric
         nil
@@ -216,37 +607,160 @@ module Polars
       end
     end
 
+    # Get the median of this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.median
+    #   # => 2.0
     def median
       _s.median
     end
 
+    # Get the quantile value of this Series.
+    #
+    # @param quantile [Float, nil]
+    #   Quantile between 0.0 and 1.0.
+    # @param interpolation ["nearest", "higher", "lower", "midpoint", "linear"]
+    #   Interpolation method.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.quantile(0.5)
+    #   # => 2.0
     def quantile(quantile, interpolation: "nearest")
       _s.quantile(quantile, interpolation)
     end
 
+    # Get dummy variables.
+    #
+    # @return [DataFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.to_dummies
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 3)
+    #   # ┌─────┬─────┬─────┐
+    #   # │ a_1 ┆ a_2 ┆ a_3 │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ --- ┆ --- │
+    #   # │ u8  ┆ u8  ┆ u8  │
+    #   # ╞═════╪═════╪═════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 0   ┆ 0   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 0   ┆ 1   ┆ 0   │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 0   ┆ 0   ┆ 1   │
+    #   # └─────┴─────┴─────┘
     def to_dummies
       Utils.wrap_df(_s.to_dummies)
     end
 
+    # Count the unique values in a Series.
+    #
+    # @param sort [Boolean]
+    #   Ensure the output is sorted from most values to least.
+    #
+    # @return [DataFrame]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 2, 3])
+    #   s.value_counts.sort("a")
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3, 2)
+    #   # ┌─────┬────────┐
+    #   # │ a   ┆ counts │
+    #   # │ --- ┆ ---    │
+    #   # │ i64 ┆ u32    │
+    #   # ╞═════╪════════╡
+    #   # │ 1   ┆ 1      │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 2   ┆ 2      │
+    #   # ├╌╌╌╌╌┼╌╌╌╌╌╌╌╌┤
+    #   # │ 3   ┆ 1      │
+    #   # └─────┴────────┘
     def value_counts(sort: false)
       Utils.wrap_df(_s.value_counts(sort))
     end
 
-    # def unique_counts
-    # end
+    # Return a count of the unique values in the order of appearance.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("id", ["a", "b", "b", "c", "c", "c"])
+    #   s.unique_counts
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'id' [u32]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
+    def unique_counts
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def entropy
-    # end
+    # Computes the entropy.
+    #
+    # Uses the formula `-sum(pk * log(pk)` where `pk` are discrete probabilities.
+    #
+    # @param base [Float]
+    #   Given base, defaults to `e`
+    # @param normalize [Boolean]
+    #   Normalize pk if it doesn't sum to 1.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   a = Polars::Series.new([0.99, 0.005, 0.005])
+    #   a.entropy(normalize: true)
+    #   # => 0.06293300616044681
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   b = Polars::Series.new([0.65, 0.10, 0.25])
+    #   b.entropy(normalize: true)
+    #   # => 0.8568409950394724
+    def entropy(base: Math::E, normalize: false)
+      Polars.select(Polars.lit(self).entropy(base: base, normalize: normalize)).to_series[0]
+    end
 
     # def cumulative_eval
     # end
 
+    # Return a copy of the Series with a new alias/name.
+    #
+    # @param name [String]
+    #   New name.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("x", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.alias("y")
     def alias(name)
       s = dup
       s._s.rename(name)
       s
     end
 
+    # Rename this Series.
+    #
+    # @param name [String]
+    #   New name.
+    # @param in_place [Boolean]
+    #   Modify the Series in-place.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.rename("b")
     def rename(name, in_place: false)
       if in_place
         _s.rename(name)
@@ -256,59 +770,365 @@ module Polars
       end
     end
 
+    # Get the length of each individual chunk.
+    #
+    # @return [Array]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s2 = Polars::Series.new("b", [4, 5, 6])
+    #
+    # @example Concatenate Series with rechunk: true
+    #   Polars.concat([s, s2]).chunk_lengths
+    #   # => [6]
+    #
+    # @example Concatenate Series with rechunk: false
+    #   Polars.concat([s, s2], rechunk: false).chunk_lengths
+    #   # => [3, 3]
     def chunk_lengths
       _s.chunk_lengths
     end
 
+    # Get the number of chunks that this Series contains.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s2 = Polars::Series.new("b", [4, 5, 6])
+    #
+    # @example Concatenate Series with rechunk: true
+    #   Polars.concat([s, s2]).n_chunks
+    #   # => 1
+    #
+    # @example Concatenate Series with rechunk: false
+    #   Polars.concat([s, s2], rechunk: false).n_chunks
+    #   # => 2
     def n_chunks
       _s.n_chunks
     end
 
+    # Get an array with the cumulative sum computed at every element.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   reverse the operation.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   Dtypes `:i8`, `:u8`, `:i16`, and `:u16` are cast to
+    #   `:i64` before summing to prevent overflow issues.
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.cumsum
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         6
+    #   # ]
     def cumsum(reverse: false)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.cumsum(reverse))
+      super
     end
 
+    # Get an array with the cumulative min computed at every element.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   reverse the operation.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [3, 5, 1])
+    #   s.cummin
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         1
+    #   # ]
     def cummin(reverse: false)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.cummin(reverse))
+      super
     end
 
+    # Get an array with the cumulative max computed at every element.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   reverse the operation.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [3, 5, 1])
+    #   s.cummax
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         5
+    #   #         5
+    #   # ]
     def cummax(reverse: false)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.cummax(reverse))
+      super
     end
 
+    # Get an array with the cumulative product computed at every element.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   reverse the operation.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   Dtypes `:i8`, `:u8`, `:i16`, and `:u16` are cast to
+    #   `:i64` before multiplying to prevent overflow issues.
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.cumprod
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         6
+    #   # ]
     def cumprod(reverse: false)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.cumprod(reverse))
+      super
     end
 
+    # Get the first `n` rows.
+    #
+    # Alias for {#head}.
+    #
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #   Number of rows to return.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.limit(2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   # ]
     def limit(n = 10)
       to_frame.select(Utils.col(name).limit(n)).to_series
     end
 
+    # Get a slice of this Series.
+    #
+    # @param offset [Integer]
+    #   Start index. Negative indexing is supported.
+    # @param length [Integer, nil]
+    #   Length of the slice. If set to `nil`, all rows starting at the offset
+    #   will be selected.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3, 4])
+    #   s.slice(1, 2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
     def slice(offset, length = nil)
-      length = len if length.nil?
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.slice(offset, length))
+      super
     end
 
-    def append(other)
-      _s.append(other._s)
+    # Append a Series to this one.
+    #
+    # @param other [Series]
+    #   Series to append.
+    # @param append_chunks [Boolean]
+    #   If set to `true` the append operation will add the chunks from `other` to
+    #   self. This is super cheap.
+    #
+    #   If set to `false` the append operation will do the same as
+    #   {DataFrame#extend} which extends the memory backed by this Series with
+    #   the values from `other`.
+    #
+    #   Different from `append_chunks`, `extend` appends the data from `other` to
+    #   the underlying memory locations and thus may cause a reallocation (which is
+    #   expensive).
+    #
+    #   If this does not cause a reallocation, the resulting data structure will not
+    #   have any extra chunks and thus will yield faster queries.
+    #
+    #   Prefer `extend` over `append_chunks` when you want to do a query after a
+    #   single append. For instance during online operations where you add `n` rows
+    #   and rerun a query.
+    #
+    #   Prefer `append_chunks` over `extend` when you want to append many times
+    #   before doing a query. For instance, when you read in multiple files and when
+    #   to store them in a single Series. In the latter case, finish the sequence
+    #   of `append_chunks` operations with a `rechunk`.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s2 = Polars::Series.new("b", [4, 5, 6])
+    #   s.append(s2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (6,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         4
+    #   #         5
+    #   #         6
+    #   # ]
+    def append(other, append_chunks: true)
+      begin
+        if append_chunks
+          _s.append(other._s)
+        else
+          _s.extend(other._s)
+        end
+      rescue => e
+        if e.message == "Already mutably borrowed"
+          append(other.clone, append_chunks)
+        else
+          raise e
+        end
+      end
       self
     end
 
+    # Filter elements by a boolean mask.
+    #
+    # @param predicate [Series, Array]
+    #   Boolean mask.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   mask = Polars::Series.new("", [true, false, true])
+    #   s.filter(mask)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
     def filter(predicate)
+      if predicate.is_a?(Array)
+        predicate = Series.new("", predicate)
+      end
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.filter(predicate._s))
     end
 
+    # Get the first `n` rows.
+    #
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #   Number of rows to return.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.head(2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   # ]
     def head(n = 10)
       to_frame.select(Utils.col(name).head(n)).to_series
     end
 
+    # Get the last `n` rows.
+    #
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #   Number of rows to return.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.tail(2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
     def tail(n = 10)
       to_frame.select(Utils.col(name).tail(n)).to_series
     end
 
-    # def take_every
-    # end
+    # Take every nth value in the Series and return as new Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3, 4])
+    #   s.take_every(2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
+    def take_every(n)
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Sort this Series.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   Reverse sort.
+    # @param in_place [Boolean]
+    #   Sort in place.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 3, 4, 2])
+    #   s.sort
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         4
+    #   # ]
+    #   s.sort(reverse: true)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         4
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         1
+    #   # ]
     def sort(reverse: false, in_place: false)
       if in_place
         self._s = _s.sort(reverse)
@@ -318,128 +1138,561 @@ module Polars
       end
     end
 
-    # def top_k
-    # end
+    # Return the `k` largest elements.
+    #
+    # If `reverse: true`, the smallest elements will be given.
+    #
+    # @param k [Integer]
+    #   Number of elements to return.
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   Return the smallest elements.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    def top_k(k: 5, reverse: false)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arg_sort
-    # end
+    # Get the index values that would sort this Series.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   Sort in reverse (descending) order.
+    # @param nulls_last [Boolean]
+    #   Place null values last instead of first.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [5, 3, 4, 1, 2])
+    #   s.arg_sort
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [u32]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         4
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         0
+    #   # ]
+    def arg_sort(reverse: false, nulls_last: false)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def argsort
-    # end
+    # Get the index values that would sort this Series.
+    #
+    # Alias for {#arg_sort}.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   Sort in reverse (descending) order.
+    # @param nulls_last [Boolean]
+    #   Place null values last instead of first.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def argsort(reverse: false, nulls_last: false)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arg_unique
-    # end
+    # Get unique index as Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 2, 3])
+    #   s.arg_unique
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [u32]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         0
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
+    def arg_unique
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Get the index of the minimal value.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [3, 2, 1])
+    #   s.arg_min
+    #   # => 2
     def arg_min
       _s.arg_min
     end
 
+    # Get the index of the maximal value.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer, nil]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [3, 2, 1])
+    #   s.arg_max
+    #   # => 0
     def arg_max
       _s.arg_max
     end
 
-    # def search_sorted
-    # end
-
-    # def unique
-    # end
-
-    # def take
-    # end
+    # Find indices where elements should be inserted to maintain order.
+    #
+    # @param element [Object]
+    #   Expression or scalar value.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
+    def search_sorted(element)
+      Polars.select(Polars.lit(self).search_sorted(element))[0, 0]
+    end
+
+    # Get unique elements in series.
+    #
+    # @param maintain_order [Boolean]
+    #   Maintain order of data. This requires more work.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 2, 3])
+    #   s.unique.sort
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
+    def unique(maintain_order: false)
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Take values by index.
+    #
+    # @param indices [Array]
+    #   Index location used for selection.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3, 4])
+    #   s.take([1, 3])
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (2,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         4
+    #   # ]
+    def take(indices)
+      to_frame.select(Polars.col(name).take(indices)).to_series
+    end
+
+    # Count the null values in this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
     def null_count
       _s.null_count
     end
 
+    # Return `true` if the Series has a validity bitmask.
+    #
+    # If there is none, it means that there are no null values.
+    # Use this to swiftly assert a Series does not have null values.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
     def has_validity
       _s.has_validity
     end
 
+    # Check if the Series is empty.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [])
+    #   s.is_empty
+    #   # => true
     def is_empty
       len == 0
     end
     alias_method :empty?, :is_empty
 
-    # def is_null
-    # end
+    # Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are null.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, nil])
+    #   s.is_null
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   # ]
+    def is_null
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def is_not_null
-    # end
+    # Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are not null.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, nil])
+    #   s.is_not_null
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         false
+    #   # ]
+    def is_not_null
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def is_finite
-    # end
+    # Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are finite.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, Float::INFINITY])
+    #   s.is_finite
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         false
+    #   # ]
+    def is_finite
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def is_infinite
-    # end
+    # Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are infinite.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, Float::INFINITY])
+    #   s.is_infinite
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   # ]
+    def is_infinite
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def is_nan
-    # end
+    # Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are NaN.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, Float::NAN])
+    #   s.is_nan
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   # ]
+    def is_nan
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def is_not_nan
-    # end
+    # Returns a boolean Series indicating which values are not NaN.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, Float::NAN])
+    #   s.is_not_nan
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         false
+    #   # ]
+    def is_not_nan
+      super
+    end
 
     # def is_in
     # end
 
-    # def arg_true
-    # end
-
-    # def is_unique
-    # end
+    # Get index values where Boolean Series evaluate `true`.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   (s == 2).arg_true
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [u32]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   # ]
+    def arg_true
+      Polars.arg_where(self, eager: true)
+    end
+
+    # Get mask of all unique values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 2, 3])
+    #   s.is_unique
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   # ]
+    def is_unique
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def is_first
-    # end
+    # Get a mask of the first unique value.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def is_first
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def is_duplicated
-    # end
+    # Get mask of all duplicated values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 2, 3])
+    #   s.is_duplicated
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         false
+    #   # ]
+    def is_duplicated
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def explode
-    # end
+    # Explode a list or utf8 Series.
+    #
+    # This means that every item is expanded to a new row.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [[1, 2], [3, 4], [9, 10]])
+    #   s.explode
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (6,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         4
+    #   #         9
+    #   #         10
+    #   # ]
+    def explode
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Check if series is equal with another Series.
+    #
+    # @param other [Series]
+    #   Series to compare with.
+    # @param null_equal [Boolean]
+    #   Consider null values as equal.
+    # @param strict [Boolean]
+    #   Don't allow different numerical dtypes, e.g. comparing `:u32` with a
+    #   `:i64` will return `false`.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s2 = Polars::Series.new("b", [4, 5, 6])
+    #   s.series_equal(s)
+    #   # => true
+    #   s.series_equal(s2)
+    #   # => false
     def series_equal(other, null_equal: false, strict: false)
       _s.series_equal(other._s, null_equal, strict)
     end
 
+    # Length of this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.len
+    #   # => 3
     def len
       _s.len
     end
-
-    # def cast
-    # end
+    alias_method :length, :len
+
+    # Cast between data types.
+    #
+    # @param dtype [Symbol]
+    #   DataType to cast to
+    # @param strict [Boolean]
+    #   Throw an error if a cast could not be done for instance due to an overflow
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [true, false, true])
+    #   s.cast(:u32)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [u32]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         0
+    #   #         1
+    #   # ]
+    def cast(dtype, strict: true)
+      super
+    end
 
     # def to_physical
     # end
 
+    # Convert this Series to a Ruby Array. This operation clones data.
+    #
+    # @return [Array]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.to_a
+    #   # => [1, 2, 3]
     def to_a
       _s.to_a
     end
 
+    # Create a single chunk of memory for this Series.
+    #
+    # @param in_place [Boolean]
+    #   In place or not.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
     def rechunk(in_place: false)
       opt_s = _s.rechunk(in_place)
       in_place ? self : Utils.wrap_s(opt_s)
     end
 
-    # def reverse
-    # end
+    # Return Series in reverse order.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3], dtype: :i8)
+    #   s.reverse
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i8]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         1
+    #   # ]
+    def reverse
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Check if this Series datatype is numeric.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.is_numeric
+    #   # => true
     def is_numeric
       [:i8, :i16, :i32, :i64, :u8, :u16, :u32, :u64, :f32, :f64].include?(dtype)
     end
     alias_method :numeric?, :is_numeric
 
-    # def is_datelike
-    # end
-
+    # Check if this Series datatype is datelike.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new([Date.new(2021, 1, 1), Date.new(2021, 1, 2), Date.new(2021, 1, 3)])
+    #   s.is_datelike
+    #   # => true
+    def is_datelike
+      [:date, :datetime, :duration, :time].include?(dtype)
+    end
+
+    # Check if this Series has floating point numbers.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, 3.0])
+    #   s.is_float
+    #   # => true
     def is_float
       [:f32, :f64].include?(dtype)
     end
     alias_method :float?, :is_float
 
-    def is_bool
+    # Check if this Series is a Boolean.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [true, false, true])
+    #   s.is_boolean
+    #   # => true
+    def is_boolean
       dtype == :bool
     end
-    alias_method :bool?, :is_bool
-
+    alias_method :boolean?, :is_boolean
+    alias_method :is_bool, :is_boolean
+    alias_method :bool?, :is_boolean
+
+    # Check if this Series datatype is a Utf8.
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("x", ["a", "b", "c"])
+    #   s.is_utf8
+    #   # => true
     def is_utf8
       dtype == :str
     end
@@ -454,89 +1707,575 @@ module Polars
     # def set
     # end
 
-    # def set_at_idx
-    # end
+    # Set values at the index locations.
+    #
+    # @param idx [Object]
+    #   Integers representing the index locations.
+    # @param value [Object]
+    #   Replacement values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.set_at_idx(1, 10)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         10
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
+    def set_at_idx(idx, value)
+      if idx.is_a?(Integer)
+        idx = [idx]
+      end
+      if idx.length == 0
+        return self
+      end
 
-    # def cleared
-    # end
+      idx = Series.new("", idx)
+      if value.is_a?(Integer) || value.is_a?(Float) || Utils.bool?(value) || value.is_a?(String) || value.nil?
+        value = Series.new("", [value])
+
+        # if we need to set more than a single value, we extend it
+        if idx.length > 0
+          value = value.extend_constant(value[0], idx.length - 1)
+        end
+      elsif !value.is_a?(Series)
+        value = Series.new("", value)
+      end
+      _s.set_at_idx(idx._s, value._s)
+      self
+    end
+
+    # Create an empty copy of the current Series.
+    #
+    # The copy has identical name/dtype but no data.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [nil, true, false])
+    #   s.cleared
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (0,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   # ]
+    def cleared
+      len > 0 ? limit(0) : clone
+    end
 
     # clone handled by initialize_copy
 
-    # def fill_nan
-    # end
+    # Fill floating point NaN value with a fill value.
+    #
+    # @param fill_value [Object]
+    #   Value used to fill nan values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, Float::NAN])
+    #   s.fill_nan(0)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1.0
+    #   #         2.0
+    #   #         3.0
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   # ]
+    def fill_nan(fill_value)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def fill_null
-    # end
+    # Fill null values using the specified value or strategy.
+    #
+    # @param value [Object]
+    #   Value used to fill null values.
+    # @param strategy [nil, "forward", "backward", "min", "max", "mean", "zero", "one"]
+    #   Strategy used to fill null values.
+    # @param limit
+    #   Number of consecutive null values to fill when using the "forward" or
+    #   "backward" strategy.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3, nil])
+    #   s.fill_null(strategy: "forward")
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s.fill_null(strategy: "min")
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         1
+    #   # ]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("b", ["x", nil, "z"])
+    #   s.fill_null(Polars.lit(""))
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'b' [str]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         "x"
+    #   #         ""
+    #   #         "z"
+    #   # ]
+    def fill_null(value = nil, strategy: nil, limit: nil)
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Rounds down to the nearest integer value.
+    #
+    # Only works on floating point Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.12345, 2.56789, 3.901234])
+    #   s.floor
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1.0
+    #   #         2.0
+    #   #         3.0
+    #   # ]
     def floor
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.floor)
     end
 
+    # Rounds up to the nearest integer value.
+    #
+    # Only works on floating point Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.12345, 2.56789, 3.901234])
+    #   s.ceil
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2.0
+    #   #         3.0
+    #   #         4.0
+    #   # ]
     def ceil
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.ceil)
+      super
     end
 
-    # default to 0 like Ruby
+    # Round underlying floating point data by `decimals` digits.
+    #
+    # @param decimals [Integer]
+    #   number of decimals to round by.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.12345, 2.56789, 3.901234])
+    #   s.round(2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1.12
+    #   #         2.57
+    #   #         3.9
+    #   # ]
     def round(decimals = 0)
-      Utils.wrap_s(_s.round(decimals))
+      super
     end
 
     # def dot
     # end
 
-    # def mode
-    # end
+    # Compute the most occurring value(s).
+    #
+    # Can return multiple Values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 2, 3])
+    #   s.mode
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (1,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2
+    #   # ]
+    def mode
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def sign
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise indication of the sign.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [-9.0, -0.0, 0.0, 4.0, nil])
+    #   s.sign
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         -1
+    #   #         0
+    #   #         0
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         null
+    #   # ]
+    def sign
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def sin
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the sine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [0.0, Math::PI / 2.0, Math::PI])
+    #   s.sin
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         1.0
+    #   #         1.2246e-16
+    #   # ]
+    def sin
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def cos
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the cosine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [0.0, Math::PI / 2.0, Math::PI])
+    #   s.cos
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1.0
+    #   #         6.1232e-17
+    #   #         -1.0
+    #   # ]
+    def cos
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def tan
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the tangent.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [0.0, Math::PI / 2.0, Math::PI])
+    #   s.tan
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         1.6331e16
+    #   #         -1.2246e-16
+    #   # ]
+    def tan
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arcsin
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the inverse sine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.arcsin
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1.570796
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         -1.570796
+    #   # ]
+    def arcsin
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arccos
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the inverse cosine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.arccos
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         1.570796
+    #   #         3.141593
+    #   # ]
+    def arccos
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arctan
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the inverse tangent.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.arctan
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         0.785398
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         -0.785398
+    #   # ]
+    def arctan
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arcsinh
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the inverse hyperbolic sine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.arcsinh
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         0.881374
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         -0.881374
+    #   # ]
+    def arcsinh
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arccosh
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the inverse hyperbolic cosine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [5.0, 1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.arccosh
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2.292432
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         NaN
+    #   #         NaN
+    #   # ]
+    def arccosh
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def arctanh
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the inverse hyperbolic tangent.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [2.0, 1.0, 0.5, 0.0, -0.5, -1.0, -1.1])
+    #   s.arctanh
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (7,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         NaN
+    #   #         inf
+    #   #         0.549306
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         -0.549306
+    #   #         -inf
+    #   #         NaN
+    #   # ]
+    def arctanh
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def sinh
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the hyperbolic sine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.sinh
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1.175201
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         -1.175201
+    #   # ]
+    def sinh
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def cosh
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the hyperbolic cosine.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.cosh
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1.543081
+    #   #         1.0
+    #   #         1.543081
+    #   # ]
+    def cosh
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def tanh
-    # end
+    # Compute the element-wise value for the hyperbolic tangent.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1.0, 0.0, -1.0])
+    #   s.tanh
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [f64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         0.761594
+    #   #         0.0
+    #   #         -0.761594
+    #   # ]
+    def tanh
+      super
+    end
 
     # def apply
     # end
 
-    # def shift
-    # end
+    # Shift the values by a given period.
+    #
+    # @param periods [Integer]
+    #   Number of places to shift (may be negative).
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.shift(1)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         null
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   # ]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s.shift(-1)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         null
+    #   # ]
+    def shift(periods = 1)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def shift_and_fill
-    # end
+    # Shift the values by a given period and fill the resulting null values.
+    #
+    # @param periods [Integer]
+    #   Number of places to shift (may be negative).
+    # @param fill_value [Object]
+    #   Fill None values with the result of this expression.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def shift_and_fill(periods, fill_value)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def zip_with
-    # end
+    # Take values from self or other based on the given mask.
+    #
+    # Where mask evaluates true, take values from self. Where mask evaluates false,
+    # take values from other.
+    #
+    # @param mask [Series]
+    #   Boolean Series.
+    # @param other [Series]
+    #   Series of same type.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s1 = Polars::Series.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    #   s2 = Polars::Series.new([5, 4, 3, 2, 1])
+    #   s1.zip_with(s1 < s2, s2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: '' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         1
+    #   # ]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   mask = Polars::Series.new([true, false, true, false, true])
+    #   s1.zip_with(mask, s2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: '' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         4
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         5
+    #   # ]
+    def zip_with(mask, other)
+      Utils.wrap_s(_s.zip_with(mask._s, other._s))
+    end
 
     # def rolling_min
     # end
@@ -571,62 +2310,266 @@ module Polars
     # def sample
     # end
 
+    # Get a boolean mask of the local maximum peaks.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    #   s.peak_max
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: '' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   # ]
     def peak_max
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.peak_max)
     end
 
+    # Get a boolean mask of the local minimum peaks.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [4, 1, 3, 2, 5])
+    #   s.peak_min
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: '' [bool]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         false
+    #   #         true
+    #   #         false
+    #   # ]
     def peak_min
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.peak_min)
     end
 
+    # Count the number of unique values in this Series.
+    #
+    # @return [Integer]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 2, 3])
+    #   s.n_unique
+    #   # => 3
     def n_unique
       _s.n_unique
     end
 
-    # def shrink_to_fit
-    # end
+    # Shrink Series memory usage.
+    #
+    # Shrinks the underlying array capacity to exactly fit the actual data.
+    # (Note that this function does not change the Series data type).
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def shrink_to_fit(in_place: false)
+      if in_place
+        _s.shrink_to_fit
+        self
+      else
+        series = clone
+        series._s.shrink_to_fit
+        series
+      end
+    end
 
     # def _hash
     # end
 
-    # def reinterpret
-    # end
+    # Reinterpret the underlying bits as a signed/unsigned integer.
+    #
+    # This operation is only allowed for 64bit integers. For lower bits integers,
+    # you can safely use that cast operation.
+    #
+    # @param signed [Boolean]
+    #   If true, reinterpret as `:i64`. Otherwise, reinterpret as `:u64`.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def reinterpret(signed: true)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def interpolate
-    # end
+    # Interpolate intermediate values. The interpolation method is linear.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, nil, nil, 5])
+    #   s.interpolate
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         4
+    #   #         5
+    #   # ]
+    def interpolate
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def abs
-    # end
+    # Compute absolute values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def abs
+      super
+    end
 
     # def rank
     # end
 
-    # def diff
-    # end
+    # Calculate the n-th discrete difference.
+    #
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #   Number of slots to shift.
+    # @param null_behavior ["ignore", "drop"]
+    #   How to handle null values.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def diff(n: 1, null_behavior: "ignore")
+      super
+    end
 
     # def pct_change
     # end
 
-    # def skew
-    # end
-
-    # def kurtosis
-    # end
-
-    # def clip
-    # end
+    # Compute the sample skewness of a data set.
+    #
+    # For normally distributed data, the skewness should be about zero. For
+    # unimodal continuous distributions, a skewness value greater than zero means
+    # that there is more weight in the right tail of the distribution. The
+    # function `skewtest` can be used to determine if the skewness value
+    # is close enough to zero, statistically speaking.
+    #
+    # @param bias [Boolean]
+    #   If `false`, the calculations are corrected for statistical bias.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    def skew(bias: true)
+      _s.skew(bias)
+    end
+
+    # Compute the kurtosis (Fisher or Pearson) of a dataset.
+    #
+    # Kurtosis is the fourth central moment divided by the square of the
+    # variance. If Fisher's definition is used, then 3.0 is subtracted from
+    # the result to give 0.0 for a normal distribution.
+    # If bias is false, then the kurtosis is calculated using k statistics to
+    # eliminate bias coming from biased moment estimators
+    #
+    # @param fisher [Boolean]
+    #   If `true`, Fisher's definition is used (normal ==> 0.0). If `false`,
+    #   Pearson's definition is used (normal ==> 3.0).
+    # @param bias [Boolean]
+    #   If `false`, the calculations are corrected for statistical bias.
+    #
+    # @return [Float, nil]
+    def kurtosis(fisher: true, bias: true)
+      _s.kurtosis(fisher, bias)
+    end
+
+    # Clip (limit) the values in an array to a `min` and `max` boundary.
+    #
+    # Only works for numerical types.
+    #
+    # If you want to clip other dtypes, consider writing a "when, then, otherwise"
+    # expression. See {#when} for more information.
+    #
+    # @param min_val [Numeric]
+    #   Minimum value.
+    # @param max_val [Numeric]
+    #   Maximum value.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("foo", [-50, 5, nil, 50])
+    #   s.clip(1, 10)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (4,)
+    #   # Series: 'foo' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         5
+    #   #         null
+    #   #         10
+    #   # ]
+    def clip(min_val, max_val)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def clip_min
-    # end
+    # Clip (limit) the values in an array to a `min` boundary.
+    #
+    # Only works for numerical types.
+    #
+    # If you want to clip other dtypes, consider writing a "when, then, otherwise"
+    # expression. See {#when} for more information.
+    #
+    # @param min_val [Numeric]
+    #   Minimum value.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def clip_min(min_val)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def clip_max
-    # end
+    # Clip (limit) the values in an array to a `max` boundary.
+    #
+    # Only works for numerical types.
+    #
+    # If you want to clip other dtypes, consider writing a "when, then, otherwise"
+    # expression. See {#when} for more information.
+    #
+    # @param max_val [Numeric]
+    #   Maximum value.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def clip_max(max_val)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def reshape
-    # end
+    # Reshape this Series to a flat Series or a Series of Lists.
+    #
+    # @param dims [Array]
+    #   Tuple of the dimension sizes. If a -1 is used in any of the dimensions, that
+    #   dimension is inferred.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def reshape(dims)
+      super
+    end
 
-    # def shuffle
-    # end
+    # Shuffle the contents of this Series.
+    #
+    # @param seed [Integer, nil]
+    #   Seed for the random number generator.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.shuffle(seed: 1)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (3,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         3
+    #   # ]
+    def shuffle(seed: nil)
+      super
+    end
 
     # def ewm_mean
     # end
@@ -637,18 +2580,70 @@ module Polars
     # def ewm_var
     # end
 
-    # def extend_constant
-    # end
+    # Extend the Series with given number of values.
+    #
+    # @param value [Object]
+    #   The value to extend the Series with. This value may be `nil` to fill with
+    #   nulls.
+    # @param n [Integer]
+    #   The number of values to extend.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.extend_constant(99, 2)
+    #   # =>
+    #   # shape: (5,)
+    #   # Series: 'a' [i64]
+    #   # [
+    #   #         1
+    #   #         2
+    #   #         3
+    #   #         99
+    #   #         99
+    #   # ]
+    def extend_constant(value, n)
+      super
+    end
 
+    # Flags the Series as sorted.
+    #
+    # Enables downstream code to user fast paths for sorted arrays.
+    #
+    # @param reverse [Boolean]
+    #   If the Series order is reversed, e.g. descending.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    #
+    # @note
+    #   This can lead to incorrect results if this Series is not sorted!!
+    #   Use with care!
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   s = Polars::Series.new("a", [1, 2, 3])
+    #   s.set_sorted.max
+    #   # => 3
     def set_sorted(reverse: false)
       Utils.wrap_s(_s.set_sorted(reverse))
     end
 
-    # def new_from_index
-    # end
+    # Create a new Series filled with values from the given index.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def new_from_index(index, length)
+      Utils.wrap_s(_s.new_from_index(index, length))
+    end
 
-    # def shrink_dtype
-    # end
+    # Shrink numeric columns to the minimal required datatype.
+    #
+    # Shrink to the dtype needed to fit the extrema of this Series.
+    # This can be used to reduce memory pressure.
+    #
+    # @return [Series]
+    def shrink_dtype
+      super
+    end
 
     # def arr
     # end
@@ -672,8 +2667,47 @@ module Polars
       self._s = _s._clone
     end
 
+    def coerce(other)
+      if other.is_a?(Numeric)
+        # TODO improve
+        series = to_frame.select(Polars.lit(other)).to_series
+        [series, self]
+      else
+        raise TypeError, "#{self.class} can't be coerced into #{other.class}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    def _comp(other, op)
+      if other.is_a?(Series)
+        return Utils.wrap_s(_s.send(op, other._s))
+      end
+
+      if dtype == :str
+        raise Todo
+      end
+      Utils.wrap_s(_s.send("#{op}_#{dtype}", other))
+    end
+
+    def _arithmetic(other, op)
+      if other.is_a?(Expr)
+        other = to_frame.select(other).to_series
+      end
+      if other.is_a?(Series)
+        return Utils.wrap_s(_s.send(op, other._s))
+      end
+
+      raise Todo
+    end
+
+    def series_to_rbseries(name, values)
+      # should not be in-place?
+      values.rename(name, in_place: true)
+      values._s
+    end
+
     def sequence_to_rbseries(name, values, dtype: nil, strict: true, dtype_if_empty: nil)
       ruby_dtype = nil
+      nested_dtype = nil
 
       if (values.nil? || values.empty?) && dtype.nil?
         if dtype_if_empty
@@ -682,7 +2716,7 @@ module Polars
           dtype = dtype_if_empty
         else
           # default to Float32 type
-          dtype = "f32"
+          dtype = :f32
         end
       end
 
@@ -691,8 +2725,7 @@ module Polars
       rb_temporal_types << DateTime if defined?(DateTime)
       rb_temporal_types << Time if defined?(Time)
 
-      # _get_first_non_none
-      value = values.find { |v| !v.nil? }
+      value = _get_first_non_none(values)
 
       if !dtype.nil? && Utils.is_polars_dtype(dtype) && ruby_dtype.nil?
         constructor = polars_type_to_constructor(dtype)
@@ -716,7 +2749,22 @@ module Polars
           #   dtype = rb_type_to_dtype(dtype)
           # end
 
-          raise "todo"
+          if ruby_dtype == Date
+            RbSeries.new_opt_date(name, values, strict)
+          else
+            raise Todo
+          end
+        elsif ruby_dtype == Array
+          if nested_dtype.nil?
+            nested_value = _get_first_non_none(value)
+            nested_dtype = nested_value.nil? ? Float : nested_value.class
+          end
+
+          if nested_dtype == Array
+            raise Todo
+          end
+
+          raise Todo
         else
           constructor = rb_type_to_constructor(value.class)
           constructor.call(name, values, strict)
@@ -759,5 +2807,9 @@ module Polars
       # RbSeries.method(:new_object)
       raise ArgumentError, "Cannot determine type"
     end
+
+    def _get_first_non_none(values)
+      values.find { |v| !v.nil? }
+    end
   end
 end