philiprehberger-interval 0.3.0 → 0.5.0

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data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -7,6 +7,16 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 
 ## [Unreleased]
 
+## [0.5.0] - 2026-04-16
+
+### Added
+- `Range#sample(n = nil)` — return a random Float within the interval, or an array of n random Floats; respects open/closed boundaries via rejection sampling; raises on empty intervals; returns start for point intervals
+
+## [0.4.0] - 2026-04-15
+
+### Added
+- `Range#overlap_ratio(other)` — fraction of self covered by another interval (Float in 0.0–1.0)
+
 ## [0.3.0] - 2026-04-15
 
 ### Added

data/README.md

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ a.overlaps?(b)     # => true
 a.intersect(b)     # => [3, 5]
 a.union(b)         # => [1, 8]
 a.include?(4)      # => true
+a.overlap_ratio(b) # => 0.5
 ```
 
 ### Interval Types
@@ -83,6 +84,19 @@ Philiprehberger::Interval.gaps(intervals)
 # => [[7, 10]]
 ```
 
+### Sampling Random Values
+
+Return one or more random Floats from within an interval. Open boundaries are respected via rejection sampling:
+
+```ruby
+interval = Philiprehberger::Interval.new(1.0, 5.0)
+interval.sample        # => 3.247... (single Float)
+interval.sample(3)     # => [1.823..., 4.501..., 2.964...]
+
+open = Philiprehberger::Interval.new(1.0, 5.0, type: :open)
+open.sample            # => always strictly between 1.0 and 5.0
+```
+
 ### Finding a Common Intersection
 
 Compute the overlap shared by every interval, or `nil` if any pair is disjoint:
@@ -113,6 +127,7 @@ shift.include?(Time.new(2026, 1, 1, 12))  # => true
 | `#contains?(other)` | Check if interval fully contains another |
 | `#adjacent?(other)` | Check if intervals are touching but not overlapping |
 | `#intersect(other)` | Return the overlap between two intervals |
+| `#overlap_ratio(other)` | Fraction of self covered by other (0.0–1.0) |
 | `#union(other)` | Return the combined interval |
 | `#subtract(other)` | Remove another interval, returning remaining parts |
 | `#size` | Length of the interval |
@@ -121,6 +136,7 @@ shift.include?(Time.new(2026, 1, 1, 12))  # => true
 | `#scale(factor, anchor:)` | Scale width around anchor (`:center`, `:left`, `:right`) |
 | `#split(n)` | Split into n equal sub-intervals |
 | `#clamp(value)` | Clamp value to interval bounds |
+| `#sample(n = nil)` | Return a random Float, or array of n Floats, within the interval (respects boundaries) |
 | `.merge(intervals)` | Merge overlapping intervals into non-overlapping set |
 | `.gaps(intervals)` | Find gaps between a set of intervals |
 | `.intersection(intervals)` | Common overlap of a collection of intervals, or `nil` |

data/lib/philiprehberger/interval/range.rb

@@ -113,6 +113,23 @@ module Philiprehberger
         @finish - @start
       end
 
+      # Return the fraction of self that is covered by another interval.
+      #
+      # Returns a Float in 0.0..1.0. Returns 0.0 if disjoint, 1.0 if self is
+      # fully contained in other. If self has zero length (a point), returns
+      # 1.0 when the point is within other, else 0.0.
+      #
+      # @param other [Range] the other interval
+      # @return [Float] the fraction of self covered by other
+      def overlap_ratio(other)
+        return other.include?(@start) ? 1.0 : 0.0 if size.zero?
+
+        overlap = intersect(other)
+        return 0.0 if overlap.nil?
+
+        overlap.size.to_f / size
+      end
+
       # Check if a point is within the interval.
       #
       # @param point [Comparable] the point to check
@@ -169,6 +186,26 @@ module Philiprehberger
         end
       end
 
+      # Return one or more random Floats within the interval.
+      #
+      # Without an argument, returns a single random Float. With an integer
+      # argument, returns an array of that many random Floats. Respects boundary
+      # types: open boundaries are excluded via rejection sampling. Returns
+      # +start+ immediately for point intervals (start == finish, closed).
+      #
+      # @param n [Integer, nil] number of samples, or nil for a single value
+      # @return [Float, Array<Float>]
+      # @raise [Error] if the interval is empty
+      def sample(n = nil)
+        raise Error, 'cannot sample an empty interval' if empty?
+
+        if n.nil?
+          sample_one
+        else
+          Array.new(n) { sample_one }
+        end
+      end
+
       # Clamp a value to the interval bounds.
       #
       # @param value [Comparable] the value to clamp
@@ -222,6 +259,22 @@ module Philiprehberger
       def empty?
         @start == @finish && @type != :closed
       end
+
+      private
+
+      def sample_one
+        return @start.to_f if @start == @finish
+
+        lo = @start.to_f
+        hi = @finish.to_f
+
+        loop do
+          value = lo + (rand * (hi - lo))
+          left_ok  = left_closed?  ? value >= lo : value > lo
+          right_ok = right_closed? ? value <= hi : value < hi
+          return value if left_ok && right_ok
+        end
+      end
     end
   end
 end

data/lib/philiprehberger/interval/version.rb

@@ -2,6 +2,6 @@
 
 module Philiprehberger
   module Interval
-    VERSION = '0.3.0'
+    VERSION = '0.5.0'
   end
 end

metadata

@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 --- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
 name: philiprehberger-interval
 version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
-  version: 0.3.0
+  version: 0.5.0
 platform: ruby
 authors:
 - Philip Rehberger
 autorequire:
 bindir: bin
 cert_chain: []
-date: 2026-04-15 00:00:00.000000000 Z
+date: 2026-04-17 00:00:00.000000000 Z
 dependencies: []
 description: Interval data type supporting closed, open, and half-open boundaries
   with overlap detection, containment, intersection, union, subtraction, shift, scale,