pg 1.1.4 → 1.2.2

data/ext/errorcodes.txt

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # errcodes.txt
 #      PostgreSQL error codes
 #
-# Copyright (c) 2003-2018, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+# Copyright (c) 2003-2019, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 #
 # This list serves as the basis for generating source files containing error
 # codes. It is kept in a common format to make sure all these source files have
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 #   src/pl/tcl/pltclerrcodes.h
 #      the same, for PL/Tcl
 #
-#   doc/src/sgml/errcodes-list.sgml
+#   doc/src/sgml/errcodes-table.sgml
 #      a SGML table of error codes for inclusion in the documentation
 #
 # The format of this file is one error code per line, with the following
@@ -206,6 +206,21 @@ Section: Class 22 - Data Exception
 2200N    E    ERRCODE_INVALID_XML_CONTENT                                    invalid_xml_content
 2200S    E    ERRCODE_INVALID_XML_COMMENT                                    invalid_xml_comment
 2200T    E    ERRCODE_INVALID_XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION                     invalid_xml_processing_instruction
+22030    E    ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_JSON_OBJECT_KEY_VALUE                        duplicate_json_object_key_value
+22032    E    ERRCODE_INVALID_JSON_TEXT                                      invalid_json_text
+22033    E    ERRCODE_INVALID_SQL_JSON_SUBSCRIPT                             invalid_sql_json_subscript
+22034    E    ERRCODE_MORE_THAN_ONE_SQL_JSON_ITEM                            more_than_one_sql_json_item
+22035    E    ERRCODE_NO_SQL_JSON_ITEM                                       no_sql_json_item
+22036    E    ERRCODE_NON_NUMERIC_SQL_JSON_ITEM                              non_numeric_sql_json_item
+22037    E    ERRCODE_NON_UNIQUE_KEYS_IN_A_JSON_OBJECT                       non_unique_keys_in_a_json_object
+22038    E    ERRCODE_SINGLETON_SQL_JSON_ITEM_REQUIRED                       singleton_sql_json_item_required
+22039    E    ERRCODE_SQL_JSON_ARRAY_NOT_FOUND                               sql_json_array_not_found
+2203A    E    ERRCODE_SQL_JSON_MEMBER_NOT_FOUND                              sql_json_member_not_found
+2203B    E    ERRCODE_SQL_JSON_NUMBER_NOT_FOUND                              sql_json_number_not_found
+2203C    E    ERRCODE_SQL_JSON_OBJECT_NOT_FOUND                              sql_json_object_not_found
+2203D    E    ERRCODE_TOO_MANY_JSON_ARRAY_ELEMENTS                           too_many_json_array_elements
+2203E    E    ERRCODE_TOO_MANY_JSON_OBJECT_MEMBERS                           too_many_json_object_members
+2203F    E    ERRCODE_SQL_JSON_SCALAR_REQUIRED                               sql_json_scalar_required
 
 Section: Class 23 - Integrity Constraint Violation
 
@@ -401,6 +416,7 @@ Section: Class 55 - Object Not In Prerequisite State
 55006    E    ERRCODE_OBJECT_IN_USE                                          object_in_use
 55P02    E    ERRCODE_CANT_CHANGE_RUNTIME_PARAM                              cant_change_runtime_param
 55P03    E    ERRCODE_LOCK_NOT_AVAILABLE                                     lock_not_available
+55P04    E    ERRCODE_UNSAFE_NEW_ENUM_VALUE_USAGE                            unsafe_new_enum_value_usage
 
 Section: Class 57 - Operator Intervention
 

data/ext/extconf.rb

@@ -73,13 +73,13 @@ end
 have_func 'PQsetSingleRowMode' or
 	abort "Your PostgreSQL is too old. Either install an older version " +
 	      "of this gem or upgrade your database to at least PostgreSQL-9.2."
-have_func 'PQconninfo'
-have_func 'PQsslAttribute'
-have_func 'PQencryptPasswordConn'
+have_func 'PQconninfo' # since PostgreSQL-9.3
+have_func 'PQsslAttribute' # since PostgreSQL-9.5
+have_func 'PQresultVerboseErrorMessage' # since PostgreSQL-9.6
+have_func 'PQencryptPasswordConn' # since PostgreSQL-10
+have_func 'PQresultMemorySize' # since PostgreSQL-12
 have_func 'timegm'
-have_func 'rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage'
-
-have_const 'PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME', 'libpq-fe.h'
+have_func 'rb_gc_adjust_memory_usage' # since ruby-2.4
 
 # unistd.h confilicts with ruby/win32.h when cross compiling for win32 and ruby 1.9.1
 have_header 'unistd.h'

data/ext/pg.c

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /*
  * pg.c - Toplevel extension
- * $Id: pg.c,v 2d334508484a 2018/08/27 11:33:43 lars $
+ * $Id$
  *
  * Author/s:
  *
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
  * See Contributors.rdoc for the many additional fine people that have contributed
  * to this library over the years.
  *
- * Copyright (c) 1997-2016 by the authors.
+ * Copyright (c) 1997-2019 by the authors.
  *
  * You may redistribute this software under the same terms as Ruby itself; see
  * https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/about/license.txt or the BSDL file in the source
@@ -331,8 +331,7 @@ pg_to_bool_int(VALUE value)
  * If your application initializes libssl and/or libcrypto libraries and libpq is
  * built with SSL support, you should call PG.init_openssl() to tell libpq that the
  * libssl and/or libcrypto libraries have been initialized by your application,
- * so that libpq will not also initialize those libraries. See
- * http://h71000.www7.hp.com/doc/83final/BA554_90007/ch04.html for details on the SSL API.
+ * so that libpq will not also initialize those libraries.
  *
  * When do_ssl is +true+, libpq will initialize the OpenSSL library before first
  * opening a database connection. When do_crypto is +true+, the libcrypto library
@@ -422,7 +421,7 @@ Init_pg_ext()
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP));
 	/* Negotiating environment-driven parameter settings. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_SETENV", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_SETENV));
-	/* Internal state: connect() needed. */
+	/* Internal state - PG.connect() needed. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "CONNECTION_NEEDED", INT2FIX(CONNECTION_NEEDED));
 
 	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Nonblocking connection polling status     ******/
@@ -438,26 +437,48 @@ Init_pg_ext()
 
 	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Transaction Status     ******/
 
-	/* Transaction is currently idle (#transaction_status) */
+	/* Transaction is currently idle ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_IDLE", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_IDLE));
-	/* Transaction is currently active; query has been sent to the server, but not yet completed. (#transaction_status) */
+	/* Transaction is currently active; query has been sent to the server, but not yet completed. ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_ACTIVE", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_ACTIVE));
-	/* Transaction is currently idle, in a valid transaction block (#transaction_status) */
+	/* Transaction is currently idle, in a valid transaction block ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_INTRANS", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_INTRANS));
-	/* Transaction is currently idle, in a failed transaction block (#transaction_status) */
+	/* Transaction is currently idle, in a failed transaction block ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_INERROR", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_INERROR));
-	/* Transaction's connection is bad (#transaction_status) */
+	/* Transaction's connection is bad ( Connection#transaction_status ) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQTRANS_UNKNOWN", INT2FIX(PQTRANS_UNKNOWN));
 
 	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Error Verbosity     ******/
 
-	/* Terse error verbosity level (#set_error_verbosity) */
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * In TERSE mode, returned messages include severity, primary text, and position only; this will normally fit on a single line. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_TERSE", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_TERSE));
-	/* Default error verbosity level (#set_error_verbosity) */
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * The DEFAULT mode produces messages that include the above plus any detail, hint, or context fields (these might span multiple lines). */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_DEFAULT", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_DEFAULT));
-	/* Verbose error verbosity level (#set_error_verbosity) */
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * The VERBOSE mode includes all available fields. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_VERBOSE", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_VERBOSE));
 
+/* PQERRORS_SQLSTATE was introduced in PG-12 together with PQresultMemorySize() */
+#ifdef HAVE_PQRESULTMEMORYSIZE
+	/* Error verbosity level ( Connection#set_error_verbosity ).
+	 * The SQLSTATE mode includes only the error severity and the SQLSTATE error code, if one is available (if not, the output is like TERSE mode).
+	 *
+	 * Available since PostgreSQL-12.
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQERRORS_SQLSTATE", INT2FIX(PQERRORS_SQLSTATE));
+#endif
+
+#ifdef HAVE_PQRESULTVERBOSEERRORMESSAGE
+	/* See Connection#set_error_context_visibility */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQSHOW_CONTEXT_NEVER", INT2FIX(PQSHOW_CONTEXT_NEVER));
+	/* See Connection#set_error_context_visibility */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ERRORS", INT2FIX(PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ERRORS));
+	/* See Connection#set_error_context_visibility */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ALWAYS", INT2FIX(PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ALWAYS));
+#endif
+
 	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Check Server Status ******/
 
 	/* Server is accepting connections. */
@@ -471,141 +492,156 @@ Init_pg_ext()
 
 	/******     PG::Connection CLASS CONSTANTS: Large Objects     ******/
 
-	/* Flag for #lo_creat, #lo_open -- open for writing */
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_creat, Connection#lo_open -- open for writing */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "INV_WRITE", INT2FIX(INV_WRITE));
-	/* Flag for #lo_creat, #lo_open -- open for reading */
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_creat, Connection#lo_open -- open for reading */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "INV_READ", INT2FIX(INV_READ));
-	/* Flag for #lo_lseek -- seek from object start */
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_lseek -- seek from object start */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "SEEK_SET", INT2FIX(SEEK_SET));
-	/* Flag for #lo_lseek -- seek from current position */
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_lseek -- seek from current position */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "SEEK_CUR", INT2FIX(SEEK_CUR));
-	/* Flag for #lo_lseek -- seek from object end */
+	/* Flag for Connection#lo_lseek -- seek from object end */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "SEEK_END", INT2FIX(SEEK_END));
 
 	/******     PG::Result CONSTANTS: result status      ******/
 
-	/* #result_status constant: The string sent to the server was empty. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - The string sent to the server was empty. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY", INT2FIX(PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY));
-	/* #result_status constant: Successful completion of a command returning no data. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Successful completion of a command returning no data. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COMMAND_OK", INT2FIX(PGRES_COMMAND_OK));
-		/* #result_status constant: Successful completion of a command returning data
-	   (such as a SELECT or SHOW). */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Successful completion of a command returning data (such as a SELECT or SHOW). */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_TUPLES_OK", INT2FIX(PGRES_TUPLES_OK));
-	/* #result_status constant: Copy Out (from server) data transfer started. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Copy Out (from server) data transfer started. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COPY_OUT", INT2FIX(PGRES_COPY_OUT));
-	/* #result_status constant: Copy In (to server) data transfer started. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Copy In (to server) data transfer started. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COPY_IN", INT2FIX(PGRES_COPY_IN));
-	/* #result_status constant: The server’s response was not understood. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - The server’s response was not understood. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_BAD_RESPONSE", INT2FIX(PGRES_BAD_RESPONSE));
-	/* #result_status constant: A nonfatal error (a notice or warning) occurred. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - A nonfatal error (a notice or warning) occurred. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_NONFATAL_ERROR",INT2FIX(PGRES_NONFATAL_ERROR));
-	/* #result_status constant: A fatal error occurred. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - A fatal error occurred. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_FATAL_ERROR", INT2FIX(PGRES_FATAL_ERROR));
-	/* #result_status constant: Copy In/Out data transfer in progress. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Copy In/Out data transfer in progress. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_COPY_BOTH", INT2FIX(PGRES_COPY_BOTH));
-	/* #result_status constant: Single tuple from larger resultset. */
+	/* Result#result_status constant - Single tuple from larger resultset. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PGRES_SINGLE_TUPLE", INT2FIX(PGRES_SINGLE_TUPLE));
 
 	/******     Result CONSTANTS: result error field codes      ******/
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: The severity; the field contents
-	 * are ERROR, FATAL, or PANIC (in an error message), or WARNING, NOTICE,
-	 * DEBUG, INFO, or LOG (in a notice message), or a localized translation
-	 * of one of these. Always present.
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The severity; the field contents are ERROR, FATAL, or PANIC (in an error message), or WARNING, NOTICE, DEBUG, INFO, or LOG (in a notice message), or a localized translation
+	 * of one of these.
+	 * Always present.
 	 */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SEVERITY", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SEVERITY));
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: The SQLSTATE code for the
-	 * error. The SQLSTATE code identies the type of error that has occurred;
-	 * it can be used by front-end applications to perform specic operations
-	 * (such as er- ror handling) in response to a particular database
-	 * error. For a list of the possible SQLSTATE codes, see Appendix A.
-	 * This eld is not localizable, and is always present.
+#ifdef PG_DIAG_SEVERITY_NONLOCALIZED
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The severity; the field contents are ERROR, FATAL, or PANIC (in an error message), or WARNING, NOTICE, DEBUG, INFO, or LOG (in a notice message).
+	 * This is identical to the PG_DIAG_SEVERITY field except that the contents are never localized.
+	 *
+	 * Available since PostgreSQL-9.6
+	 */
+	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SEVERITY_NONLOCALIZED", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SEVERITY_NONLOCALIZED));
+#endif
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The SQLSTATE code for the error.
+	 * The SQLSTATE code identies the type of error that has occurred; it can be used by front-end applications to perform specic operations (such as error handling) in response to a particular database error.
+	 * For a list of the possible SQLSTATE codes, see Appendix A.
+	 * This field is not localizable, and is always present.
 	 */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE));
-
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: The primary human-readable
-	 * error message (typically one line). Always present. */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The primary human-readable error message (typically one line).
+	 * Always present. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_PRIMARY", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_PRIMARY));
-
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: Detail: an optional secondary
-	 * error message carrying more detail about the problem. Might run to
-	 * multiple lines.
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * Detail: an optional secondary error message carrying more detail about the problem.
+	 * Might run to multiple lines.
 	 */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_DETAIL", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_DETAIL));
-
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: Hint: an optional suggestion
-	 * what to do about the problem. This is intended to differ from detail
-	 * in that it offers advice (potentially inappropriate) rather than
-	 * hard facts. Might run to multiple lines.
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * Hint: an optional suggestion what to do about the problem.
+	 * This is intended to differ from detail in that it offers advice (potentially inappropriate) rather than hard facts.
+	 * Might run to multiple lines.
 	 */
-
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_HINT", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_HINT));
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: A string containing a decimal
-	 * integer indicating an error cursor position as an index into the
-	 * original statement string. The rst character has index 1, and
-	 * positions are measured in characters not bytes.
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * A string containing a decimal integer indicating an error cursor position as an index into the original statement string.
+	 *
+	 * The first character has index 1, and positions are measured in characters not bytes.
 	 */
-
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION));
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: This is dened the same as
-	 * the PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION eld, but it is used when the cursor
-	 * position refers to an internally generated command rather than the
-	 * one submitted by the client. The PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY eld will
-	 * always appear when this eld appears.
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * This is defined the same as the PG_DIAG_STATEMENT_POSITION field, but it is used when the cursor position refers to an internally generated command rather than the one submitted by the client.
+	 * The PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY field will always appear when this field appears.
 	 */
-
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_POSITION", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_POSITION));
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: The text of a failed
-	 * internally-generated command. This could be, for example, a SQL
-	 * query issued by a PL/pgSQL function.
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The text of a failed internally-generated command.
+	 * This could be, for example, a SQL query issued by a PL/pgSQL function.
 	 */
-
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_INTERNAL_QUERY));
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: An indication of the context
-	 * in which the error occurred. Presently this includes a call stack
-	 * traceback of active procedural language functions and internally-generated
-	 * queries. The trace is one entry per line, most recent rst.
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * An indication of the context in which the error occurred.
+	 * Presently this includes a call stack traceback of active procedural language functions and internally-generated queries.
+	 * The trace is one entry per line, most recent first.
 	 */
-
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_CONTEXT", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_CONTEXT));
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: The le name of the source-code
-	 * location where the error was reported. */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The file name of the source-code location where the error was reported. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FILE", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FILE));
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: The line number of the
-	 * source-code location where the error was reported. */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The line number of the source-code location where the error was reported. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SOURCE_LINE", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SOURCE_LINE));
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: The name of the source-code
-	 * function reporting the error. */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * The name of the source-code function reporting the error. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FUNCTION", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FUNCTION));
 
-#ifdef HAVE_CONST_PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: If the error was associated with a
-	 * specific database object, the name of the schema containing that object, if any. */
+#ifdef PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific database object, the name of the schema containing that object, if any. */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_SCHEMA_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_SCHEMA_NAME));
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: If the error was associated with a
-	 *specific table, the name of the table. (When this field is present, the schema name
-	 * field provides the name of the table's schema.) */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific table, the name of the table.
+	 * (When this field is present, the schema name field provides the name of the table's schema.) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_TABLE_NAME));
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: If the error was associated with a
-	 * specific table column, the name of the column. (When this field is present, the
-	 * schema and table name fields identify the table.) */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific table column, the name of the column.
+	 * (When this field is present, the schema and table name fields identify the table.) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_COLUMN_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_COLUMN_NAME));
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: If the error was associated with a
-	 * specific datatype, the name of the datatype. (When this field is present, the
-	 * schema name field provides the name of the datatype's schema.) */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific datatype, the name of the datatype.
+	 * (When this field is present, the schema name field provides the name of the datatype's schema.) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_DATATYPE_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_DATATYPE_NAME));
 
-	/* #result_error_field argument constant: If the error was associated with a
-	 * specific constraint, the name of the constraint. The table or domain that the
-	 * constraint belongs to is reported using the fields listed above. (For this
-	 * purpose, indexes are treated as constraints, even if they weren't created with
-	 * constraint syntax.) */
+	/* Result#result_error_field argument constant
+	 *
+	 * If the error was associated with a specific constraint, the name of the constraint.
+	 * The table or domain that the constraint belongs to is reported using the fields listed above.
+	 * (For this purpose, indexes are treated as constraints, even if they weren't created with constraint syntax.) */
 	rb_define_const(rb_mPGconstants, "PG_DIAG_CONSTRAINT_NAME", INT2FIX(PG_DIAG_CONSTRAINT_NAME));
 #endif
 
@@ -635,6 +671,7 @@ Init_pg_ext()
 	init_pg_binary_encoder();
 	init_pg_binary_decoder();
 	init_pg_copycoder();
+	init_pg_recordcoder();
 	init_pg_tuple();
 }
 

data/ext/pg.h

@@ -78,6 +78,8 @@ typedef long suseconds_t;
 #define RARRAY_AREF(a, i) (RARRAY_PTR(a)[i])
 #endif
 
+#define PG_ENC_IDX_BITS 28
+
 /* The data behind each PG::Connection object */
 typedef struct {
 	PGconn *pgconn;
@@ -94,15 +96,14 @@ typedef struct {
 	VALUE type_map_for_results;
 	/* IO object internally used for the trace stream */
 	VALUE trace_stream;
-	/* Cached Encoding object */
-	VALUE external_encoding;
 	/* Kind of PG::Coder object for casting ruby values to COPY rows */
 	VALUE encoder_for_put_copy_data;
 	/* Kind of PG::Coder object for casting COPY rows to ruby values */
 	VALUE decoder_for_get_copy_data;
-
-	/* enable/disable guessing size of PGresult's allocated memory */
-	int guess_result_memsize;
+	/* Ruby encoding index of the client/internal encoding */
+	int enc_idx : PG_ENC_IDX_BITS;
+	/* flags controlling Symbol/String field names */
+	unsigned int flags : 2;
 
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 	/* File descriptor to be used for rb_w32_unwrap_io_handle() */
@@ -128,10 +129,16 @@ typedef struct {
 	 */
 	t_typemap *p_typemap;
 
+	/* Ruby encoding index of the client/internal encoding */
+	int enc_idx : PG_ENC_IDX_BITS;
+
 	/* 0 = PGresult is cleared by PG::Result#clear or by the GC
 	 * 1 = PGresult is cleared internally by libpq
 	 */
-	int autoclear;
+	unsigned int autoclear : 1;
+
+	/* flags controlling Symbol/String field names */
+	unsigned int flags : 2;
 
 	/* Number of fields in fnames[] .
 	 * Set to -1 if fnames[] is not yet initialized.
@@ -147,7 +154,7 @@ typedef struct {
 	/* Hash with fnames[] to field number mapping. */
 	VALUE field_map;
 
-	/* List of field names as frozen String objects.
+	/* List of field names as frozen String or Symbol objects.
 	 * Only valid if nfields != -1
 	 */
 	VALUE fnames[0];
@@ -163,6 +170,10 @@ typedef VALUE (* t_pg_typecast_result)(t_typemap *, VALUE, int, int);
 typedef t_pg_coder *(* t_pg_typecast_query_param)(t_typemap *, VALUE, int);
 typedef VALUE (* t_pg_typecast_copy_get)( t_typemap *, VALUE, int, int, int );
 
+#define PG_RESULT_FIELD_NAMES_MASK 0x03
+#define PG_RESULT_FIELD_NAMES_SYMBOL 0x01
+#define PG_RESULT_FIELD_NAMES_STATIC_SYMBOL 0x02
+
 #define PG_CODER_TIMESTAMP_DB_UTC 0x0
 #define PG_CODER_TIMESTAMP_DB_LOCAL 0x1
 #define PG_CODER_TIMESTAMP_APP_UTC 0x0
@@ -275,6 +286,7 @@ void init_pg_type_map_by_oid                           _(( void ));
 void init_pg_type_map_in_ruby                          _(( void ));
 void init_pg_coder                                     _(( void ));
 void init_pg_copycoder                                 _(( void ));
+void init_pg_recordcoder                               _(( void ));
 void init_pg_text_encoder                              _(( void ));
 void init_pg_text_decoder                              _(( void ));
 void init_pg_binary_encoder                            _(( void ));
@@ -305,11 +317,6 @@ char *pg_rb_str_ensure_capa                            _(( VALUE, long, char *,
 		(curr_ptr) = (end_ptr) = RSTRING_PTR(str) \
 	)
 
-#define PG_RB_TAINTED_STR_NEW( str, curr_ptr, end_ptr ) ( \
-		(str) = rb_tainted_str_new( NULL, 0 ), \
-		(curr_ptr) = (end_ptr) = RSTRING_PTR(str) \
-	)
-
 VALUE pg_typemap_fit_to_result                         _(( VALUE, VALUE ));
 VALUE pg_typemap_fit_to_query                          _(( VALUE, VALUE ));
 int pg_typemap_fit_to_copy_get                         _(( VALUE ));
@@ -333,12 +340,7 @@ VALUE pg_tuple_new                                     _(( VALUE, int ));
 static inline t_pg_result *
 pgresult_get_this( VALUE self )
 {
-	t_pg_result *this = RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self);
-
-	if( this == NULL )
-		rb_raise(rb_ePGerror, "result has been cleared");
-
-	return this;
+	return RTYPEDDATA_DATA(self);
 }