pg 0.11.0 → 0.12.0pre258

data/sample/copyto.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'pg'
+require 'stringio'
+
+# An example of how to stream data to your local host from the database as CSV.
+
+$stderr.puts "Opening database connection ..."
+conn = PGconn.connect( :dbname => 'test' )
+
+### You can test the error case from the database side easily by
+### changing one of the numbers at the end of one of the above rows to
+### something non-numeric like "-".
+
+$stderr.puts "Running COPY command ..."
+buf = ''
+conn.transaction do
+	conn.exec( "COPY logs TO STDOUT WITH csv" )
+	$stdout.puts( buf ) while buf = conn.get_copy_data
+end
+
+conn.finish
+

data/sample/losample.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+
+require 'pg'
+
+SAMPLE_WRITE_DATA = 'some sample data'
+SAMPLE_EXPORT_NAME = 'lowrite.txt'
+
+conn = PGconn.connect( :dbname => 'test', :host => 'localhost', :port => 5432 )
+puts "dbname: " + conn.db + "\thost: " + conn.host + "\tuser: " + conn.user
+
+# Start a transaction, as all large object functions require one.
+puts "Beginning transaction"
+conn.exec( 'BEGIN' )
+
+# Test importing from a file
+puts "Import test:"
+puts "  importing %s" % [ __FILE__ ]
+oid = conn.lo_import( __FILE__ )
+puts "  imported as large object %d" % [ oid ]
+
+# Read back 50 bytes of the imported data
+puts "Read test:"
+fd = conn.lo_open( oid, PGconn::INV_READ|PGconn::INV_WRITE )
+conn.lo_lseek( fd, 0, PGconn::SEEK_SET )
+buf = conn.lo_read( fd, 50 )
+puts "  read: %p" % [ buf ]
+puts "  read was ok!" if buf =~ /require 'pg'/
+
+# Append some test data onto the end of the object
+puts "Write test:"
+conn.lo_lseek( fd, 0, PGconn::SEEK_END )
+buf = SAMPLE_WRITE_DATA.dup
+totalbytes = 0
+until buf.empty?
+	bytes = conn.lo_write( fd, buf )
+	buf.slice!( 0, bytes )
+	totalbytes += bytes
+end
+puts "  appended %d bytes" % [ totalbytes ]
+
+# Now export it
+puts "Export test:"
+File.unlink( SAMPLE_EXPORT_NAME ) if File.exist?( SAMPLE_EXPORT_NAME )
+conn.lo_export( oid, SAMPLE_EXPORT_NAME )
+puts "  success!" if File.exist?( SAMPLE_EXPORT_NAME )
+puts "  exported as %s (%d bytes)" % [ SAMPLE_EXPORT_NAME, File.size(SAMPLE_EXPORT_NAME) ]
+
+conn.exec( 'COMMIT' )
+puts "End of transaction."
+
+
+puts 'Testing read and delete from a new transaction:'
+puts '  starting a new transaction'
+conn.exec( 'BEGIN' )
+
+fd = conn.lo_open( oid, PGconn::INV_READ )
+puts '  reopened okay.'
+conn.lo_lseek( fd, 50, PGconn::SEEK_END )
+buf = conn.lo_read( fd, 50 )
+puts '  read okay.' if buf == SAMPLE_WRITE_DATA
+
+puts 'Closing and unlinking:'
+conn.lo_close( fd )
+puts '  closed.'
+conn.lo_unlink( oid )
+puts '  unlinked.'
+conn.exec( 'COMMIT' )
+puts 'Done.'
+

data/sample/notify_wait.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+#
+# Test script, demonstrating a non-poll notification for a table event.
+#
+# To use, create a table called 'test', and attach a NOTIFY trigger to it
+# like so:
+#
+#     CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION notify_test()
+#     RETURNS TRIGGER
+#     LANGUAGE plpgsql
+#     AS $$
+#         BEGIN
+#             NOTIFY woo;
+#             RETURN NULL;
+#         END
+#     $$
+#
+#     CREATE TRIGGER notify_trigger
+#     AFTER UPDATE OR INSERT OR DELETE
+#     ON test
+#     FOR EACH STATEMENT
+#     EXECUTE PROCEDURE notify_test()
+#
+
+BEGIN {
+        require 'pathname'
+        basedir = Pathname.new( __FILE__ ).expand_path.dirname.parent
+        libdir = basedir + 'lib'
+        $LOAD_PATH.unshift( libdir.to_s ) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?( libdir.to_s )
+}
+
+require 'pg'
+
+conn = PGconn.connect( :dbname => 'test' )
+conn.exec( 'LISTEN woo' )  # register interest in the 'woo' event
+
+puts "Waiting up to 30 seconds for for an event!"
+conn.wait_for_notify( 30 ) do |notify, pid|
+	puts "I got one from pid %d: %s" % [ pid, notify ]
+end
+
+puts "Awww, I didn't see any events."
+

data/sample/psql.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1181 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+#
+# an interactive front-end to postgreSQL
+#
+# Original source code is written by C.
+#  Copyright (c) 1996, Regents of the University of California
+#
+# ruby version is written by ematsu
+#  Copyright (c) 1997  Eiji-usagi-MATSUmoto <ematsu@pfu.co.jp>
+#
+# Changes:
+#
+#  Fri 12 Dec 19:56:34 JST 1997
+#  * replace puts -> print
+#
+# $Id: psql.rb,v 7bc74288b271 2011/10/07 14:42:43 ged $
+#
+
+require "pg"
+require "parsearg"
+require "psqlHelp"
+
+PROMPT           = "=> "
+MAX_QUERY_BUFFER = 20000
+DEFAULT_SHELL    = "/bin/sh"
+DEFAULT_EDITOR   = "vi"
+DEFAULT_FIELD_SEP= "|"
+
+PsqlSettings = Struct.new("PsqlSettings", :db, :queryFout, :opt, :prompt,
+			  :gfname, :notty,:pipe, :echoQuery,:quiet,
+			  :singleStep, :singleLineMode, :useReadline)
+			  
+PrintOpt = Struct.new("PrintOpt", :header, :align, :standard, :html3,
+		      :expanded, :pager, :fieldSep, :tableOpt,
+		      :caption, :fieldName)
+
+$readline_ok = TRUE
+
+def usage()
+  printf("Usage: psql.rb [options] [dbname]\n")
+  printf("\t -a authsvc              set authentication service\n")
+  printf("\t -A                      turn off alignment when printing out attributes\n")
+  printf("\t -c query                run single query (slash commands too)\n")
+  printf("\t -d dbName               specify database name\n")
+  printf("\t -e                      echo the query sent to the backend\n")
+  printf("\t -f filename             use file as a source of queries\n")
+  printf("\t -F sep                  set the field separator (default is \" \")\n")
+  printf("\t -h host                 set database server host\n")
+  printf("\t -H                      turn on html3.0 table output\n")
+  printf("\t -l                      list available databases\n")
+  printf("\t -n                      don't use readline library\n")
+  printf("\t -o filename             send output to filename or (|pipe)\n")
+  printf("\t -p port                 set port number\n")
+  printf("\t -q                      run quietly (no messages, no prompts)\n")
+  printf("\t -s                      single step mode (prompts for each query)\n")
+  printf("\t -S                      single line mode (i.e. query terminated by newline)\n")
+  printf("\t -t                      turn off printing of headings and row count\n")
+  printf("\t -T html                 set html3.0 table command options (cf. -H)\n")
+  printf("\t -x                      turn on expanded output (field names on left)\n")
+  exit(1)
+end
+$USAGE = 'usage'
+
+def slashUsage(ps)
+  printf(" \\?           -- help\n")
+  printf(" \\a           -- toggle field-alignment (currenty %s)\n", on(ps.opt.align))
+  printf(" \\C [<captn>] -- set html3 caption (currently '%s')\n", ps.opt.caption );
+  printf(" \\connect <dbname>  -- connect to new database (currently '%s')\n", ps.db.db)
+  printf(" \\copy {<table> to <file> | <file> from <table>}\n")
+  printf(" \\d [<table>] -- list tables in database or columns in <table>, * for all\n")
+  printf(" \\da          -- list aggregates\n")
+  printf(" \\di          -- list only indices\n")
+  printf(" \\ds          -- list only sequences\n")
+  printf(" \\dS          -- list system tables and indexes\n")
+  printf(" \\dt          -- list only tables\n")
+  printf(" \\dT          -- list types\n")
+  printf(" \\e [<fname>] -- edit the current query buffer or <fname>\n")
+  printf(" \\E [<fname>] -- edit the current query buffer or <fname>, and execute\n")
+  printf(" \\f [<sep>]   -- change field separater (currently '%s')\n", ps.opt.fieldSep)
+  printf(" \\g [<fname>] [|<cmd>] -- send query to backend [and results in <fname> or pipe]\n")
+  printf(" \\h [<cmd>]   -- help on syntax of sql commands, * for all commands\n")
+  printf(" \\H           -- toggle html3 output (currently %s)\n", on(ps.opt.html3))
+  printf(" \\i <fname>   -- read and execute queries from filename\n")
+  printf(" \\l           -- list all databases\n")
+  printf(" \\m           -- toggle monitor-like table display (currently %s)\n", on(ps.opt.standard))
+  printf(" \\o [<fname>] [|<cmd>] -- send all query results to stdout, <fname>, or pipe\n")
+  printf(" \\p           -- print the current query buffer\n")
+  printf(" \\q           -- quit\n")
+  printf(" \\r           -- reset(clear) the query buffer\n")
+  printf(" \\s [<fname>] -- print history or save it in <fname>\n")
+  printf(" \\t           -- toggle table headings and row count (currently %s)\n", on(ps.opt.header))
+  printf(" \\T [<html>]  -- set html3.0 <table ...> options (currently '%s')\n", ps.opt.tableOpt)
+  printf(" \\x           -- toggle expanded output (currently %s)\n", on(ps.opt.expanded))
+  printf(" \\! [<cmd>]   -- shell escape or command\n")
+end
+
+def on(f)
+  if f
+    return "on"
+  else
+    return "off"
+  end
+end
+
+def toggle(settings, sw, msg)
+  sw = !sw
+  if !settings.quiet
+    printf(STDERR, "turned %s %s\n", on(sw), msg)
+  end
+  return sw
+end
+
+def gets(prompt, source)
+  if source == STDIN
+    if ($readline_ok)
+      line = Readline.readline(prompt,source)
+    else
+      STDOUT.print(prompt)
+      STDOUT.flush()
+      line = source.gets
+    end
+  end
+
+  if line == nil
+      return nil
+  else
+    if line.length > MAX_QUERY_BUFFER
+      printf(STDERR, "line read exceeds maximum length.  Truncating at %d\n",
+	     MAX_QUERY_BUFFER)
+      return line[0..MAX_QUERY_BUFFER-1]
+    else
+      return line
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def PSQLexec(ps, query)
+  res = ps.db.exec(query)
+
+  if res == nil
+    printf(STDERR, "%s\n", ps.db.error())
+
+  else
+    if (res.status() == PGresult::COMMAND_OK ||
+	res.status() == PGresult::TUPLES_OK)
+      return res
+    end
+
+    if !ps.quiet
+      printf(STDERR, "%s\n", ps.db.error())
+    end
+
+    res.clear()
+  end
+
+end
+
+def listAllDbs(ps)
+  query = "select * from pg_database;"
+
+  if (results = PSQLexec(ps, query)) == nil
+    return 1
+
+  else
+    results.print(ps.queryFout, ps.opt)
+    results.clear()
+    return 0
+  end
+end
+
+def tableList(ps, deep_tablelist, info_type, system_tables)
+  listbuf  = "SELECT usename, relname, relkind, relhasrules"
+  listbuf += "  FROM pg_class, pg_user "
+  listbuf += "WHERE usesysid = relowner "
+  case info_type
+  when 't'
+    listbuf += "and ( relkind = 'r') "
+  when 'i'
+    listbuf += "and ( relkind = 'i') "
+    haveIndexes = true
+  when 'S'
+    listbuf += "and ( relkind = 'S') "
+  else
+    listbuf += "and ( relkind = 'r' OR relkind = 'i' OR relkind='S') "
+    haveIndexes = true
+  end
+  if (!system_tables)
+    listbuf += "and relname !~ '^pg_' "
+  else
+    listbuf += "and relname ~ '^pg_' "  
+  end
+  if (haveIndexes)
+    listbuf += "and (relkind != 'i' OR relname !~'^xinx')"
+  end
+  listbuf += "  ORDER BY relname "
+
+  res = PSQLexec(ps, listbuf)
+  if res == nil
+    return
+  end
+
+  # first, print out the attribute names
+  nColumns = res.num_tuples
+  if nColumns > 0
+    if deep_tablelist
+      table = res.result
+      res.clear
+      for i in 0..nColumns-1
+	tableDesc(ps, table[i][1])
+      end
+    else
+      # Display the information
+
+      printf("\nDatabase    = %s\n", ps.db.db)
+      printf(" +------------------+----------------------------------+----------+\n")
+      printf(" |  Owner           |             Relation             |   Type   |\n")
+      printf(" +------------------+----------------------------------+----------+\n")
+
+      # next, print out the instances
+      for i in 0..res.num_tuples-1
+	printf(" | %-16.16s", res.getvalue(i, 0))
+	printf(" | %-32.32s | ", res.getvalue(i, 1))
+	rk = res.getvalue(i, 2)
+	rr = res.getvalue(i, 3)
+	if (rk.eql?("r"))
+	  printf("%-8.8s |", if (rr[0] == 't') then "view?" else "table" end)
+	else
+	  printf("%-8.8s |", "index")
+	end
+	printf("\n")
+      end
+      printf(" +------------------+----------------------------------+----------+\n")
+      res.clear()
+    end
+  else
+    printf(STDERR, "Couldn't find any tables!\n")
+  end
+end
+
+def tableDesc(ps, table)
+  descbuf  = "SELECT a.attnum, a.attname, t.typname, a.attlen"
+  descbuf += "  FROM pg_class c, pg_attribute a, pg_type t "
+  descbuf += "    WHERE c.relname = '"
+  descbuf += table
+  descbuf += "'"
+  descbuf += "    and a.attnum > 0 "
+  descbuf += "    and a.attrelid = c.oid "
+  descbuf += "    and a.atttypid = t.oid "
+  descbuf += "  ORDER BY attnum "
+
+  res = PSQLexec(ps, descbuf)
+  if res == nil
+    return
+  end
+
+  # first, print out the attribute names
+  nColumns = res.num_tuples()
+  if nColumns > 0
+    #
+    # Display the information
+    #
+
+    printf("\nTable    = %s\n", table)
+    printf("+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------+\n")
+    printf("|              Field               |              Type                | Length|\n")
+    printf("+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------+\n")
+
+    # next, print out the instances
+    for i in 0..res.num_tuples-1
+
+      printf("| %-32.32s | ", res.getvalue(i, 1))
+      rtype = res.getvalue(i, 2);
+      rsize = res.getvalue(i, 3).to_i
+
+      if (rtype.eql?("text"))
+	printf("%-32.32s |", rtype)
+	printf("%6s |", "var")
+      elsif (rtype.eql?("bpchar"))
+	printf("%-32.32s |", "(bp)char")
+	printf("%6i |", if (rsize > 0) then rsize - 4 else 0 end)
+      elsif  (rtype.eql?("varchar"))
+	printf("%-32.32s |", rtype)
+	printf("%6d |", if (rsize > 0) then rsize - 4 else 0 end)
+      else
+	# array types start with an underscore
+	if (rtype[0, 1] != '_')
+	  printf("%-32.32s |", rtype)
+	else
+	  newname = rtype + "[]"
+	  printf("%-32.32s |", newname)
+	end
+	if (rsize > 0)
+	  printf("%6d |", rsize)
+	else
+	  printf("%6s |", "var")
+	end
+      end
+      printf("\n")
+    end
+    printf("+----------------------------------+----------------------------------+-------+\n")
+
+    res.clear()
+
+  else
+    printf(STDERR, "Couldn't find table %s!\n", table)
+  end
+end
+
+def unescape(source)
+  dest = source.gsub(/(\\n|\\r|\\t|\\f|\\\\)/) {
+    |c|
+    case c
+    when "\\n"
+      "\n"
+    when "\\r"
+      "\r"
+    when "\\t"
+      "\t"
+    when "\\f"
+      "\f"
+    when "\\\\"
+      "\\"
+    end
+  }
+  return dest
+end
+
+def do_shell(command)
+  if !command
+    command = ENV["SHELL"]
+    if shellName == nil
+      command = DEFAULT_SHELL
+    end
+  end
+  system(command);
+end
+
+def do_help(topic)
+  if !topic
+    printf("type \\h <cmd> where <cmd> is one of the following:\n")
+
+    left_center_right = 'L' # Start with left column
+    for i in 0..QL_HELP.length-1
+      case left_center_right
+      when  'L'
+	printf("    %-25s", QL_HELP[i][0])
+	left_center_right = 'C'
+
+      when 'C'
+	printf("%-25s", QL_HELP[i][0])
+	left_center_right = 'R'
+
+      when 'R'
+	printf("%-25s\n", QL_HELP[i][0])
+	left_center_right = 'L'
+
+      end
+    end
+    if (left_center_right != 'L')
+      STDOUT.print("\n")
+    end
+    printf("type \\h * for a complete description of all commands\n")
+  else
+    help_found = FALSE
+    for i in 0..QL_HELP.length-1
+      if QL_HELP[i][0] == topic || topic == "*"
+	help_found = TRUE
+	printf("Command: %s\n", QL_HELP[i][0])
+	printf("Description: %s\n", QL_HELP[i][1])
+	printf("Syntax:\n")
+	printf("%s\n", QL_HELP[i][2])
+	printf("\n")
+      end
+    end
+    if !help_found
+      printf("command not found, ")
+      printf("try \\h with no arguments to see available help\n")
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def do_edit(filename_arg, query)
+  if filename_arg
+    fname = filename_arg
+    error = FALSE
+  else
+    fname = sprintf("/tmp/psql.rb.%d", $$)
+    p fname
+    if test(?e, fname)
+      File.unlink(fname)
+    end
+
+    if query
+      begin
+	fd = File.new(fname, "w")
+	if query[query.length-1, 1] != "\n"
+	  query += "\n"
+	end
+	if fd.print(query) != query.length
+	  fd.close
+	  File.unlink(fname)
+	  error = TRUE
+	else
+	  error = FALSE
+	end
+	fd.close
+      rescue
+	error = TRUE
+      end
+    else
+      error = FALSE
+    end
+  end
+
+  if error
+    status = 1
+  else
+    editFile(fname)
+    begin 
+    fd = File.new(fname, "r")
+      query = fd.read
+      fd.close
+      if query == nil
+	status = 1
+      else
+	query.sub!(/[ \t\f\r\n]*$/, "")
+	if query.length != 0
+	  status = 3
+	else
+	  query  = nil
+	  status = 1
+	end
+      end
+    rescue
+      status = 1
+    ensure
+      if !filename_arg
+	if test(?e, fname)
+	  File.unlink(fname)
+	end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  return status, query
+end
+
+def editFile(fname)
+  editorName = ENV["EDITOR"]
+  if editorName == nil
+    editorName = DEFAULT_EDITOR
+  end
+  system(editorName + " " + fname)
+end
+
+def do_connect(settings, new_dbname)
+  dbname = settings.db.db
+
+  if !new_dbname
+    printf(STDERR, "\\connect must be followed by a database name\n");
+  else
+    olddb = settings.db
+
+    begin 
+      printf("closing connection to database: %s\n", dbname);
+      settings.db = PGconn.connect(olddb.host, olddb.port, "", "", new_dbname)
+      printf("connecting to new database: %s\n", new_dbname)
+      olddb.finish()
+    rescue
+      printf(STDERR, "%s\n", $!)
+      printf("reconnecting to %s\n", dbname)
+      settings.db = PGconn.connect(olddb.host, olddb.port,"", "", dbname)
+    ensure
+      settings.prompt = settings.db.db + PROMPT
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def do_copy(settings, table, from_p, file)
+  if (table == nil || from_p == nil || file == nil)
+    printf("Syntax error, reffer \\copy help with  \\? \n")
+    return
+  end
+
+  if from_p.upcase! == "FROM"
+    from = TRUE
+  else
+    from = FALSE
+  end
+
+  query  = "COPY "
+  query += table
+
+  if from
+    query += " FROM stdin"
+    copystream = File.new(file, "r")
+  else
+    query += " TO stdout"
+    copystream = File.new(file, "w")
+  end
+
+  begin
+    success = SendQuery(settings, query, from, !from, copystream);
+    copystream.close
+    if !settings.quiet
+      if success
+	printf("Successfully copied.\n");
+      else
+	printf("Copy failed.\n");
+      end
+    end
+  rescue
+    printf(STDERR, "Unable to open file %s which to copy.",
+	   if from then "from" else "to" end)
+  end
+end
+
+def handleCopyOut(settings, copystream)
+  copydone = FALSE
+
+  while !copydone
+    copybuf = settings.db.getline
+
+    if !copybuf
+      copydone = TRUE
+    else
+      if copybuf == "\\."
+	copydone = TRUE
+      else
+	copystream.print(copybuf + "\n")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+  copystream.flush
+  settings.db.endcopy
+end
+
+def handleCopyIn(settings, mustprompt, copystream)
+  copydone = FALSE
+
+  if mustprompt
+    STDOUT.print("Enter info followed by a newline\n")
+    STDOUT.print("End with a backslash and a ")
+    STDOUT.print("period on a line by itself.\n")
+  end
+
+  while !copydone
+    if mustprompt
+      STDOUT.print(">> ")
+      STDOUT.flush
+    end
+
+    copybuf = copystream.gets
+    if copybuf == nil
+      settings.db.putline("\\.\n")
+      copydone = TRUE
+      break
+    end
+    settings.db.putline(copybuf)
+    if copybuf == "\\.\n"
+      copydone = TRUE
+    end
+  end
+  settings.db.endcopy
+end
+
+def setFout(ps, fname)
+  if (ps.queryFout && ps.queryFout != STDOUT)
+    ps.queryFout.close
+  end
+
+  if !fname
+    ps.queryFout = STDOUT
+  else
+    begin 
+      if fname[0, 1] == "|"
+	dumy, ps.queryFout = pipe(fname)
+	ps.pipe = TRUE
+      else
+	ps.queryFout = File.new(fname, "w+")
+	ps.pipe = FALSE
+      end
+    rescue
+      ps.queryFout = STDOUT
+      ps.pipe = FALSE
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+def HandleSlashCmds(settings, line, query)
+  status = 1
+  cmd = unescape(line[1, line.length])
+  args = cmd.split
+
+  case args[0]
+  when 'a' # toggles to align fields on output 
+    settings.opt.align = 
+      toggle(settings, settings.opt.align, "field alignment")
+
+  when 'C' # define new caption
+    if !args[1]
+      settings.opt.caption = ""
+    else
+      settings.opt.caption = args[1]
+    end
+
+  when 'c', 'connect' # connect new database
+    do_connect(settings, args[1])
+
+  when 'copy' # copy from file
+    do_copy(settings, args[1], args[2], args[3])
+
+  when 'd' # \d describe tables or columns in a table
+    if !args[1]
+      tableList(settings, FALSE, 'b', FALSE)
+    elsif args[1] == "*"
+      tableList(settings, FALSE, 'b', FALSE)
+      tableList(settings, TRUE, 'b', FALSE)
+    else
+      tableDesc(settings, args[1])
+    end
+
+  when 'da'
+    descbuf =  "SELECT a.aggname AS aggname, t.typname AS type, "
+    descbuf += "obj_description (a.oid) as description "
+    descbuf += "FROM pg_aggregate a, pg_type t "
+    descbuf += "WHERE a.aggbasetype = t.oid "
+    if (args[1])
+      descbuf += "AND a.aggname ~ '^"
+      descbuf += args[1]
+      descbuf += "' "
+    end
+    descbuf += "UNION SELECT a.aggname AS aggname, "
+    descbuf += "'all types' as type, obj_description (a.oid) "
+    descbuf += "as description FROM pg_aggregate a "
+    descbuf += "WHERE a.aggbasetype = 0"
+    if (args[1])
+      descbuf += "AND a.aggname ~ '^"
+      descbuf += args[1]
+      descbuf += "' "
+    end
+    descbuf += "ORDER BY aggname, type;"
+    res = SendQuery(settings, descbuf, FALSE, FALSE, 0)
+
+  when 'di'
+    tableList(settings, FALSE, 'i', FALSE)
+
+  when 'ds'
+    tableList(settings, FALSE, 'S', FALSE)
+
+  when 'dS'
+    tableList(settings, FALSE, 'b', TRUE)
+
+  when 'dt'
+    tableList(settings, FALSE, 't', FALSE)
+    
+  when 'e' # edit 
+    status, query = do_edit(args[1], query)
+
+  when 'E'
+    if args[1]
+      begin
+	lastfile = args[1]
+	File.file?(lastfile) && (mt = File.mtime(lastfile))
+	editFile(lastfile)
+	File.file?(lastfile) && (mt2 = File.mtime(lastfile))
+	fd = File.new(lastfile, "r")
+	if mt != mt2
+	  MainLoop(settings, fd)
+	  fd.close()
+	else
+	  if !settings.quiet
+	    printf(STDERR, "warning: %s not modified. query not executed\n", lastfile)
+	  end
+	  fd.close()
+	end
+      rescue
+	#
+      end
+    else
+      printf(STDERR, "\\r must be followed by a file name initially\n");
+    end
+  when 'f'
+    if args[1]
+      settings.opt.fieldSep = args[1]
+      if !settings.quiet
+	printf(STDERR, "field separater changed to '%s'\n", settings.opt.fieldSep)
+      end
+    end
+
+  when 'g' # \g means send query
+    if !args[1]
+      settings.gfname = nil
+    else
+      settings.gfname = args[1]
+    end
+    status = 0
+
+  when 'h' # help
+    if args[2]
+      args[1] += " " + args[2]
+    end
+    do_help(args[1])
+
+  when 'i' # \i is include file
+    if args[1]
+      begin
+	fd = File.open(args[1], "r")
+	MainLoop(settings, fd)
+	fd.close()
+      rescue Errno::ENOENT
+	printf(STDERR, "file named %s could not be opened\n", args[1])
+      end
+    else
+      printf(STDERR, "\\i must be followed by a file name\n")
+    end
+  when 'l' # \l is list database
+    listAllDbs(settings)
+
+  when 'H'
+    settings.opt.html3 =
+       toggle(settings, settings.opt.html3, "HTML3.0 tabular output")
+
+    if settings.opt.html3 
+      settings.opt.standard = FALSE
+    end
+
+  when 'o'
+    setFout(settings, args[1])
+
+  when 'p'
+    if query
+      File.print(query)
+      File.print("\n")
+    end
+
+  when 'q' # \q is quit
+    status = 2
+
+  when 'r' # reset(clear) the buffer
+    query = nil
+    if !settings.quiet
+      printf(STDERR, "buffer reset(cleared)\n")
+    end
+
+  when 's' # \s is save history to a file
+    begin
+      if (args[1])
+	fd = File.open(args[1], "w")
+      else
+	fd = STDOUT
+      end
+      Readline::HISTORY.each do |his|
+	fd.write (his + "\n")
+      end
+      if !fd.tty?
+	begin
+	  fd.close
+	end
+      end
+    rescue
+      printf(STDERR, "cannot write history \n");
+    end
+
+  when 'm' # monitor like type-setting
+    settings.opt.standard =
+      toggle(settings, settings.opt.standard, "standard SQL separaters and padding")
+    if settings.opt.standard
+      settings.opt.html3 = FALSE
+      settings.opt.expanded = FALSE
+      settings.opt.align = TRUE
+      settings.opt.header = TRUE
+      if settings.opt.fieldSep
+	settings.opt.fieldSep = ""
+      end
+      settings.opt.fieldSep = "|"
+      if !settings.quiet
+	printf(STDERR, "field separater changed to '%s'\n", settings.opt.fieldSep)
+      end
+    else
+      if settings.opt.fieldSep
+	settings.opt.fieldSep = ""
+      end
+      settings.opt.fieldSep = DEFAULT_FIELD_SEP
+      if !settings.quiet
+	printf(STDERR, "field separater changed to '%s'\n", settings.opt.fieldSep)
+      end
+    end
+
+  when 't' # toggle headers
+    settings.opt.header = 
+      toggle(settings, settings.opt.header, "output headings and row count")
+
+  when 'T' # define html <table ...> option
+    if !args[1]
+      settings.opt.tableOpt = nil
+    else
+      settings.opt.tableOpt = args[1]
+    end
+
+  when 'x'
+    settings.opt.expanded =
+      toggle(settings, settings.opt.expanded, "expanded table representation")
+
+  when '!'
+    do_shell(args[1])
+
+  when '?' # \? is help
+    slashUsage(settings)
+  end
+
+  return status, query
+end
+
+def SendQuery(settings, query, copy_in, copy_out, copystream)
+  if settings.singleStep
+    printf("\n**************************************")
+    printf("*****************************************\n")
+  end
+
+  if (settings.echoQuery || settings.singleStep)
+    printf(STDERR, "QUERY: %s\n", query);
+  end
+
+  if settings.singleStep
+    printf("\n**************************************");
+    printf("*****************************************\n")
+    STDOUT.flush
+    printf("\npress return to continue ..\n");
+    gets("", STDIN);
+  end
+
+  begin
+    results = settings.db.exec(query)
+    case results.status
+    when PGresult::TUPLES_OK
+      success = TRUE
+      if settings.gfname
+	setFout(settings, settings.gfname)
+	settings.gfname = nil
+	results.print(settings.queryFout, settings.opt)
+	settings.queryFout.flush
+	if settings.queryFout != STDOUT
+	  settings.queryFout.close
+	  settings.queryFout = STDOUT
+	end
+      else
+	results.print(settings.queryFout, settings.opt)
+	settings.queryFout.flush
+      end
+      results.clear
+
+    when PGresult::EMPTY_QUERY
+      success = TRUE
+
+    when PGresult::COMMAND_OK
+      success = TRUE
+      if !settings.quiet
+	printf("%s\n", results.cmdstatus)
+      end
+
+    when PGresult::COPY_OUT
+      success = TRUE
+      if copy_out
+	  handleCopyOut(settings, copystream)
+      else
+	if !settings.quiet
+	  printf("Copy command returns...\n")
+	end
+
+	handleCopyOut(settings, STDOUT)
+      end
+
+    when PGresult::COPY_IN
+      success = TRUE
+      if copy_in
+	handleCopyIn(settings, FALSE, copystream)
+      else
+	handleCopyIn(settings, !settings.quiet, STDIN)
+      end
+    end
+
+    if (settings.db.status == PGconn::CONNECTION_BAD)
+      printf(STDERR, "We have lost the connection to the backend, so ")
+      printf(STDERR, "further processing is impossible.  ")
+      printf(STDERR, "Terminating.\n")
+      exit(2)
+    end
+
+    # check for asynchronous returns
+    # notify = settings.db.notifies()
+    # if notify
+    #   printf(STDERR,"ASYNC NOTIFY of '%s' from backend pid '%d' received\n",
+    #   notify.relname, notify.be_pid)
+    # end
+
+  rescue
+    printf(STDERR, "%s", $!)
+    success = FALSE
+  end
+
+  return success
+end
+
+def MainLoop(settings, source)
+
+  success        = TRUE
+  interactive    = TRUE
+  insideQuote    = FALSE
+  querySent      = FALSE
+  done           = FALSE
+
+  query          = nil
+  queryWaiting   = nil
+  slashCmdStatus = -1
+  interactive    = (source == STDIN && !settings.notty)
+
+  if settings.quiet
+    settings.prompt = nil
+  else
+    settings.prompt =  settings.db.db + PROMPT
+  end
+
+  while !done
+    if slashCmdStatus == 3
+      line = query
+      query = nil
+    else
+      if interactive && !settings.quiet
+	if insideQuote
+	  settings.prompt[settings.prompt.length-3,1] = "\'"
+	elsif (queryWaiting != nil && !querySent)
+	  settings.prompt[settings.prompt.length-3,1] = "-"
+	else
+	  settings.prompt[settings.prompt.length-3,1] = "="
+	end
+      end
+      line = gets(settings.prompt, source)
+    end
+
+    if line == nil
+      printf("EOF\n")
+      done = TRUE
+    else
+
+      ### debbegging information ###
+      if !interactive && !settings.singleStep && !settings.quiet
+	printf(STDERR, "%s\n", line)
+      end
+
+      ### ommit comment ###
+      begin_comment = line.index("--")
+      if begin_comment
+	line = line[0, begin_comment]
+      end
+
+      ### erase unnecessary characters ###
+      line.gsub!(/[ \t\f\n\r]+\z/, "")
+      if line.length == 0
+	next
+      end
+      ### begin slash command handling ###
+      if line[0, 1] == "\\"
+	query = line
+	slashCmdStatus, query = HandleSlashCmds(settings, line, nil)
+	if slashCmdStatus == 0 && query != nil
+	  success = SendQuery(settings, query, FALSE, FALSE, 0) && success
+	  querySent = TRUE
+	elsif slashCmdStatus == 1
+	  query = nil
+	elsif slashCmdStatus == 2
+	  break
+	end
+	line = nil
+	next
+      end
+
+      ### begin query command handling ###
+      slashCmdStatus = -1
+      if settings.singleLineMode
+	success = SendQuery(settings, line, FALSE, FALSE, 0) && success
+	querySent = TRUE
+      else
+
+	if queryWaiting 
+	  queryWaiting += " " + line 
+        else
+	  queryWaiting =  line
+        end
+      
+        for i in 0..line.length-1
+	  if line[i, 1] == "\'"
+	    insideQuote = !insideQuote
+	  end
+        end
+
+        if !insideQuote
+	  if line[line.length-1, 1] == ";"
+	    query = queryWaiting
+	    queryWaiting = nil
+
+	    success = SendQuery(settings, query, FALSE, FALSE, 0) && success
+	    querySent = TRUE
+	  else
+	    querySent = FALSE
+	  end
+        else
+	  querySent = FALSE
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end # while
+  return success
+end
+
+def main
+  dbname = nil
+  host = "localhost"
+  port = 5432
+  qfilename = nil
+
+  singleQuery = nil
+  settings = PsqlSettings.new(nil, nil, nil, nil, nil, FALSE, FALSE, 
+			      FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE)
+  settings.opt = PrintOpt.new(FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE, FALSE,
+			      FALSE, nil, nil, nil, nil)
+
+  listDatabases = FALSE
+  successResult = TRUE
+  singleSlashCmd = FALSE
+
+  settings.opt.align = TRUE
+  settings.opt.header = TRUE
+  settings.queryFout = STDOUT
+  settings.opt.fieldSep = DEFAULT_FIELD_SEP.dup
+  settings.opt.pager = TRUE
+  settings.quiet = FALSE
+  settings.notty = FALSE
+  settings.useReadline = TRUE
+
+  parsed = parseArgs(0, nil, "AelHnsqStx", "a:", "c:", "d:", "f:", "F:",
+		     "h:", "o:", "p:", "T:")
+
+  if $OPT_A
+    settings.opt.align = FALSE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_a
+    #fe_setauthsvc(optarg, errbuf);
+    printf("not implemented, sorry.\n")
+    exit(1)
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_c
+    singleQuery = $OPT_c
+    if singleQuery[0, 1] == "\\"
+      singleSlashCmd = TRUE
+    end
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_d
+    dbname = $OPT_d
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_e
+    settings.echoQuery = TRUE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_f
+    qfilename = $OPT_f
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_F
+    settings.opt.fieldSep = $OPT_F
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_l
+    listDatabases = TRUE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_h
+    host = $OPT_h
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_H
+    settings.opt.html3 = TRUE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_n
+    settings.useReadline = FALSE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_o
+    setFout(settings, $OPT_o)
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_p
+    port = $OPT_p.to_i
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_q
+    settings.quiet = TRUE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_s
+    settings.singleStep = TRUE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_S
+    settings.singleLineMode = TRUE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_t
+    settings.opt.header = FALSE
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_T
+    settings.opt.tableOpt = $OPT_T
+  end
+
+  if $OPT_x
+    settings.opt.expanded = TRUE
+  end
+
+  if ARGV.length == 1
+    dbname = ARGV[0]
+  end
+
+  if listDatabases
+    dbname = "template1"
+  end
+
+  settings.db = PGconn.connect(host, port, "", "", dbname);
+  dbname = settings.db.db
+
+  if settings.db.status() == PGconn::CONNECTION_BAD
+    printf(STDERR, "Connection to database '%s' failed.\n", dbname)
+    printf(STDERR, "%s", settings.db.error)
+    exit(1)
+  end
+  if listDatabases
+    exit(listAllDbs(settings))
+  end
+  if (!settings.quiet && !singleQuery && !qfilename)
+    printf("Welcome to the POSTGRESQL interactive sql monitor:\n")
+    printf("  Please read the file COPYRIGHT for copyright terms of POSTGRESQL\n\n")
+    printf("   type \\? for help on slash commands\n")
+    printf("   type \\q to quit\n")
+    printf("   type \\g or terminate with semicolon to execute query\n")
+    printf(" You are currently connected to the database: %s\n\n", dbname)
+  end
+  if (qfilename || singleSlashCmd)
+    if singleSlashCmd
+      line = singleQuery
+    else
+      line = sprintf("\\i %s", qfilename)
+    end
+    HandleSlashCmds(settings, line, "")
+  else
+    if settings.useReadline
+      begin
+	require "readline"
+	$readline_ok = TRUE
+      rescue
+	$readline_ok = FALSE
+      end
+    else
+      $readline_ok = FALSE
+    end
+    if singleQuery
+      success = SendQuery(settings, singleQuery, false, false, 0)
+      successResult = success
+    else
+      successResult = MainLoop(settings, STDIN)
+    end
+  end
+  settings.db.finish()
+  return !successResult
+end
+
+main
+