pf2 0.1.0 → 0.2.0

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data/CHANGELOG.md

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+## [0.2.0] - 2024-01-21
+
+- New Ruby interface: Pf2.start, Pf2.stop, Pf2.profile
+- Introduce the concepts of Schedulers
+  - Implement SignalScheduler and TimerThreadScheduler
+- Rewritten many components
+
 ## [0.1.0] - 2023-10-04
 
 - Initial release

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+[workspace]
+members = ["./ext/pf2"]
+resolver = "2"

data/README.md

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-# Pf2
+Pf2
+===========
 
-A sampling-based profiler for Ruby.
-Works only on a patched version of CRuby (MRI) at the moment.
+A experimental sampling-based profiler for Ruby 3.3+.
 
-## Installation
+Notable Capabilites
+--------
 
-TBD
+- Can accurately track multiple Ruby Threads' activity
+- Sampling interval can be set based on per-Thread CPU usage
 
-## Usage
+Usage
+--------
 
-TBD
+### Profiling
 
-## Development
+Pf2 will collect samples every 10 ms of wall time by default.
 
-After checking out the repo, run `bin/setup` to install dependencies. You can also run `bin/console` for an interactive prompt that will allow you to experiment.
+```ruby
+# Specify Ruby Threads to track in the first argument.
+# New Ruby Threads will be tracked if the second argument is true.
+Pf2.start([Thread.current], false)
+your_code_here() # will be profiled
+Thread.new { threaded_code() } # will also be profiled if second argument is true
 
-To install this gem onto your local machine, run `bundle exec rake install`. To release a new version, update the version number in `version.rb`, and then run `bundle exec rake release`, which will create a git tag for the version, push git commits and the created tag, and push the `.gem` file to [rubygems.org](https://rubygems.org).
+# Stop profiling and save the profile for visualization
+profile = Pf2.stop
+File.write("my_program.pf2profile", profile)
+```
 
-## Contributing
+Alternatively, you may provide a code block to profile.
 
-Bug reports and pull requests are welcome on GitHub at https://github.com/osyoyu/pf2.
+```ruby
+profile = Pf2.profile do
+  your_code_here() # will be profiled
+  Thread.new { threaded_code() } # will also be profiled
+end
 
-## License
+# Save the profile for visualization
+File.write("my_program.pf2profile", profile)
+```
+
+### Reporting / Visualization
+
+Profiles can be visualized using the [Firefox Profiler](https://profiler.firefox.com/).
+
+```console
+$ pf2 -o report.json my_program.pf2profile
+```
+
+### Configuration
+
+(TBD)
+
+Overhead
+--------
+
+While Pf2 aims to be non-disturbulent as much as possible, a small overhead still is incured.
+
+(TBD)
+
+Limitations
+--------
+
+Pf2 cannot properly track program activity in some known cases. I'm working to remove these limtations, so stay tuned.
+
+- Program execution in forked processes
+  - Workarounds available for Puma
+- Program execution in Fibers
+- Program execution when MaNy (`RUBY_MN_THREADS`) is enabled
+
+Internals
+--------
+
+### Sampling
+
+Pf2 is a _sampling profiler_. This means that Pf2 collects _samples_ of program execution periodically, instead of tracing every action (e.g. method invocations and returns).
+
+Pf2 uses the `rb_profile_thread_frames()` API for sampling. When to do so is controlled by _Schedulers_, described in the following section.
+
+### Schedulers
+
+Schedulers determine when to execute sample collection, based on configuration (time mode and interval). Pf2 has two schedulers available.
+
+#### SignalScheduler (Linux-only)
+
+The first is the `SignalScheduler`, based on POSIX timers. Pf2 will use this scheduler when possible. SignalScheduler creates a POSIX timer for each Ruby Thread (the underlying pthread to be more accurate) using `timer_create(3)`. This leaves the actual time-keeping to the OS, which is capable of tracking accurate per-thread CPU time usage.
+
+When the specified interval has arrived (the timer has _expired_), the OS delivers us a SIGALRM (note: Unlike `setitimer(2)`, `timer_create(3)` allows us to choose which signal to be delivered, and Pf2 uses SIGALRM regardless of time mode). This is why the scheduler is named SignalScheduler.
+
+Signals are directed to Ruby Threads' underlying pthread, effectively "pausing" the Thread's activity. This routing is done using `SIGEV_THREAD_ID`, which is a Linux-only feature. Sample collection is done in the signal handler, which is expected to be more _accurate_, capturing the paused Thread's activity.
+
+This scheduler heavily relies on Ruby's 1:N Thread model (1 Ruby Threads is strongly tied to a native pthread). It will not work properly in MaNy (`RUBY_MN_THREADS=1`).
+
+#### TimerThreadScheduler
+
+Another scheduler is the `TimerThreadScheduler`, which maintains a time-keeping thread by itself. A new native thread (pthread on Linux/macOS) will be created, and an infinite loop will be run inside. After `sleep(2)`-ing for the specified interval time, sampling will be queued using Ruby's Postponed Job API.
+
+This scheduler is wall-time only, and does not support CPU-time based profiling.
+
+Future Plans
+--------
+
+- Remove known limitations, if possible
+- Implement a "tracing" scheduler, using the C TracePoint API
+- more
+
+
+License
+--------
 
 The gem is available as open source under the terms of the [MIT License](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT).

data/ext/pf2/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+[package]
+name = "pf2"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+authors = ["Daisuke Aritomo <osyoyu@osyoyu.com>"]
+publish = false
+
+[lib]
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+env_logger = { version = "0.11.0", optional = true }
+libc = "0.2.149"
+log = "0.4.20"
+rb-sys = { version = "0.9.82", features = ["stable-api", "stable-api-compiled-testing"] } # using stable-api-compiled-testing for generating bindings from Ruby source
+serde = "1.0.189"
+serde_derive = "1.0.189"
+serde_json = "1.0.107"
+
+[build-dependencies]
+cc = "1.0.83"
+
+[features]
+debug = ["env_logger"]

data/ext/pf2/build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+fn main() {
+    cc::Build::new().file("src/siginfo_t.c").compile("ccode");
+}

data/ext/pf2/extconf.rb

@@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
 require 'mkmf'
+require 'rb_sys/mkmf'
 
 abort 'missing rb_profile_thread_frames()' unless have_func 'rb_profile_thread_frames'
 
-create_makefile 'pf2/pf2'
+create_rust_makefile 'pf2/pf2' do |r|
+  if ENV['PF2_FEATURES']
+    r.features = ENV['PF2_FEATURES'].split(",")
+  end
+end

data/ext/pf2/src/lib.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+extern crate serde;
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate serde_derive;
+
+mod ruby_init;
+
+mod profile;
+mod profile_serializer;
+mod ringbuffer;
+mod sample;
+#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+mod signal_scheduler;
+mod timer_thread_scheduler;
+mod util;