paynow_sdk 0.1.4 → 0.2.0

data/vendor/cache/ruby/2.7.0/gems/rest-client-2.1.0/spec/unit/params_array_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+require_relative '_lib'
+
+describe RestClient::ParamsArray do
+
+  describe '.new' do
+    it 'accepts various types of containers' do
+      as_array = [[:foo, 123], [:foo, 456], [:bar, 789], [:empty, nil]]
+      [
+        [[:foo, 123], [:foo, 456], [:bar, 789], [:empty, nil]],
+        [{foo: 123}, {foo: 456}, {bar: 789}, {empty: nil}],
+        [{foo: 123}, {foo: 456}, {bar: 789}, {empty: nil}],
+        [{foo: 123}, [:foo, 456], {bar: 789}, {empty: nil}],
+        [{foo: 123}, [:foo, 456], {bar: 789}, [:empty]],
+      ].each do |input|
+        expect(RestClient::ParamsArray.new(input).to_a).to eq as_array
+      end
+
+      expect(RestClient::ParamsArray.new([]).to_a).to eq []
+      expect(RestClient::ParamsArray.new([]).empty?).to eq true
+    end
+
+    it 'rejects various invalid input' do
+      expect {
+        RestClient::ParamsArray.new([[]])
+      }.to raise_error(IndexError)
+
+      expect {
+        RestClient::ParamsArray.new([[1,2,3]])
+      }.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
+
+      expect {
+        RestClient::ParamsArray.new([1,2,3])
+      }.to raise_error(NoMethodError)
+    end
+  end
+end

data/vendor/cache/ruby/2.7.0/gems/rest-client-2.1.0/spec/unit/payload_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
+# encoding: binary
+
+require_relative '_lib'
+
+describe RestClient::Payload, :include_helpers do
+  context "Base Payload" do
+    it "should reset stream after to_s" do
+      payload = RestClient::Payload::Base.new('foobar')
+      expect(payload.to_s).to eq 'foobar'
+      expect(payload.to_s).to eq 'foobar'
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "A regular Payload" do
+    it "should use standard enctype as default content-type" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({}).headers['Content-Type']).
+        to eq 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+    end
+
+    it "should form properly encoded params" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => 'bar'}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo=bar"
+      expect(["foo=bar&baz=qux", "baz=qux&foo=bar"]).to include(
+                                                        RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => 'bar', :baz => 'qux'}).to_s)
+    end
+
+    it "should escape parameters" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({'foo + bar' => 'baz'}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo+%2B+bar=baz"
+    end
+
+    it "should properly handle hashes as parameter" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => {:bar => 'baz'}}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo[bar]=baz"
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => {:bar => {:baz => 'qux'}}}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo[bar][baz]=qux"
+    end
+
+    it "should handle many attributes inside a hash" do
+      parameters = RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => {:bar => 'baz', :baz => 'qux'}}).to_s
+      expect(parameters).to eq 'foo[bar]=baz&foo[baz]=qux'
+    end
+
+    it "should handle attributes inside an array inside an hash" do
+      parameters = RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({"foo" => [{"bar" => 'baz'}, {"bar" => 'qux'}]}).to_s
+      expect(parameters).to eq 'foo[][bar]=baz&foo[][bar]=qux'
+    end
+
+    it "should handle arrays inside a hash inside a hash" do
+      parameters = RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({"foo" => {'even' => [0, 2], 'odd' => [1, 3]}}).to_s
+      expect(parameters).to eq 'foo[even][]=0&foo[even][]=2&foo[odd][]=1&foo[odd][]=3'
+    end
+
+    it "should form properly use symbols as parameters" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => :bar}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo=bar"
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => {:bar => :baz}}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo[bar]=baz"
+    end
+
+    it "should properly handle arrays as repeated parameters" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => ['bar']}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo[]=bar"
+      expect(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => ['bar', 'baz']}).to_s).
+        to eq "foo[]=bar&foo[]=baz"
+    end
+
+    it 'should not close if stream already closed' do
+      p = RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({'foo ' => 'bar'})
+      3.times {p.close}
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  context "A multipart Payload" do
+    it "should use standard enctype as default content-type" do
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({})
+      allow(m).to receive(:boundary).and_return(123)
+      expect(m.headers['Content-Type']).to eq 'multipart/form-data; boundary=123'
+    end
+
+    it 'should not error on close if stream already closed' do
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new(:file => File.new(test_image_path))
+      3.times {m.close}
+    end
+
+    it "should form properly separated multipart data" do
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new([[:bar, "baz"], [:foo, "bar"]])
+      expect(m.to_s).to eq <<-EOS
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; name="bar"\r
+\r
+baz\r
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; name="foo"\r
+\r
+bar\r
+--#{m.boundary}--\r
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    it "should not escape parameters names" do
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new([["bar ", "baz"]])
+      expect(m.to_s).to eq <<-EOS
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; name="bar "\r
+\r
+baz\r
+--#{m.boundary}--\r
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    it "should form properly separated multipart data" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({:foo => f})
+      expect(m.to_s).to eq <<-EOS
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; name="foo"; filename="ISS.jpg"\r
+Content-Type: image/jpeg\r
+\r
+#{File.open(f.path, 'rb'){|bin| bin.read}}\r
+--#{m.boundary}--\r
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    it "should ignore the name attribute when it's not set" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({nil => f})
+      expect(m.to_s).to eq <<-EOS
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; filename="ISS.jpg"\r
+Content-Type: image/jpeg\r
+\r
+#{File.open(f.path, 'rb'){|bin| bin.read}}\r
+--#{m.boundary}--\r
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    it "should detect optional (original) content type and filename" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      expect(f).to receive(:content_type).and_return('text/plain')
+      expect(f).to receive(:original_filename).and_return('foo.txt')
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({:foo => f})
+      expect(m.to_s).to eq <<-EOS
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; name="foo"; filename="foo.txt"\r
+Content-Type: text/plain\r
+\r
+#{File.open(f.path, 'rb'){|bin| bin.read}}\r
+--#{m.boundary}--\r
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    it "should handle hash in hash parameters" do
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({:bar => {:baz => "foo"}})
+      expect(m.to_s).to eq <<-EOS
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; name="bar[baz]"\r
+\r
+foo\r
+--#{m.boundary}--\r
+      EOS
+
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      f.instance_eval "def content_type; 'text/plain'; end"
+      f.instance_eval "def original_filename; 'foo.txt'; end"
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({:foo => {:bar => f}})
+      expect(m.to_s).to eq <<-EOS
+--#{m.boundary}\r
+Content-Disposition: form-data; name="foo[bar]"; filename="foo.txt"\r
+Content-Type: text/plain\r
+\r
+#{File.open(f.path, 'rb'){|bin| bin.read}}\r
+--#{m.boundary}--\r
+      EOS
+    end
+
+    it 'should correctly format hex boundary' do
+      allow(SecureRandom).to receive(:base64).with(12).and_return('TGs89+ttw/xna6TV')
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      m = RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({:foo => f})
+      expect(m.boundary).to eq('-' * 4 + 'RubyFormBoundary' + 'TGs89AttwBxna6TV')
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  context "streamed payloads" do
+    it "should properly determine the size of file payloads" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      payload = RestClient::Payload.generate(f)
+      expect(payload.size).to eq 72_463
+      expect(payload.length).to eq 72_463
+    end
+
+    it "should properly determine the size of other kinds of streaming payloads" do
+      s = StringIO.new 'foo'
+      payload = RestClient::Payload.generate(s)
+      expect(payload.size).to eq 3
+      expect(payload.length).to eq 3
+
+      begin
+        f = Tempfile.new "rest-client"
+        f.write 'foo bar'
+
+        payload = RestClient::Payload.generate(f)
+        expect(payload.size).to eq 7
+        expect(payload.length).to eq 7
+      ensure
+        f.close
+      end
+    end
+
+    it "should have a closed? method" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      payload = RestClient::Payload.generate(f)
+      expect(payload.closed?).to be_falsey
+      payload.close
+      expect(payload.closed?).to be_truthy
+    end
+  end
+
+  context "Payload generation" do
+    it "should recognize standard urlencoded params" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate({"foo" => 'bar'})).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded)
+    end
+
+    it "should recognize multipart params" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate({"foo" => f})).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Multipart)
+    end
+
+    it "should be multipart if forced" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate({"foo" => "bar", :multipart => true})).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Multipart)
+    end
+
+    it "should handle deeply nested multipart" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      params = {foo: RestClient::ParamsArray.new({nested: f})}
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate(params)).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Multipart)
+    end
+
+
+    it "should return data if no of the above" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate("data")).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Base)
+    end
+
+    it "should recognize nested multipart payloads in hashes" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate({"foo" => {"file" => f}})).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Multipart)
+    end
+
+    it "should recognize nested multipart payloads in arrays" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate({"foo" => [f]})).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Multipart)
+    end
+
+    it "should recognize file payloads that can be streamed" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate(f)).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Streamed)
+    end
+
+    it "should recognize other payloads that can be streamed" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate(StringIO.new('foo'))).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Streamed)
+    end
+
+    # hashery gem introduces Hash#read convenience method. Existence of #read method used to determine of content is streameable :/
+    it "shouldn't treat hashes as streameable" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate({"foo" => 'bar'})).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded)
+    end
+
+    it "should recognize multipart payload wrapped in ParamsArray" do
+      f = File.new(test_image_path)
+      params = RestClient::ParamsArray.new([[:image, f]])
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate(params)).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Multipart)
+    end
+
+    it "should handle non-multipart payload wrapped in ParamsArray" do
+      params = RestClient::ParamsArray.new([[:arg, 'value1'], [:arg, 'value2']])
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate(params)).to be_kind_of(RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded)
+    end
+
+    it "should pass through Payload::Base and subclasses unchanged" do
+      payloads = [
+        RestClient::Payload::Base.new('foobar'),
+        RestClient::Payload::UrlEncoded.new({:foo => 'bar'}),
+        RestClient::Payload::Streamed.new(File.new(test_image_path)),
+        RestClient::Payload::Multipart.new({myfile: File.new(test_image_path)}),
+      ]
+
+      payloads.each do |payload|
+        expect(RestClient::Payload.generate(payload)).to equal(payload)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/vendor/cache/ruby/2.7.0/gems/rest-client-2.1.0/spec/unit/raw_response_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+require_relative '_lib'
+
+describe RestClient::RawResponse do
+  before do
+    @tf = double("Tempfile", :read => "the answer is 42", :open => true, :rewind => true)
+    @net_http_res = double('net http response')
+    @request = double('restclient request', :redirection_history => nil)
+    @response = RestClient::RawResponse.new(@tf, @net_http_res, @request)
+  end
+
+  it "behaves like string" do
+    expect(@response.to_s).to eq 'the answer is 42'
+  end
+
+  it "exposes a Tempfile" do
+    expect(@response.file).to eq @tf
+  end
+
+  it "includes AbstractResponse" do
+    expect(RestClient::RawResponse.ancestors).to include(RestClient::AbstractResponse)
+  end
+end

data/vendor/cache/ruby/2.7.0/gems/rest-client-2.1.0/spec/unit/request2_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+require_relative '_lib'
+
+describe RestClient::Request, :include_helpers do
+
+  context 'params for GET requests' do
+    it "manage params for get requests" do
+      stub_request(:get, 'http://some/resource?a=b&c=d').with(:headers => {'Accept'=>'*/*', 'Foo'=>'bar'}).to_return(:body => 'foo', :status => 200)
+      expect(RestClient::Request.execute(:url => 'http://some/resource', :method => :get, :headers => {:foo => :bar, :params => {:a => :b, 'c' => 'd'}}).body).to eq 'foo'
+
+      stub_request(:get, 'http://some/resource').with(:headers => {'Accept'=>'*/*', 'Foo'=>'bar'}).to_return(:body => 'foo', :status => 200)
+      expect(RestClient::Request.execute(:url => 'http://some/resource', :method => :get, :headers => {:foo => :bar, :params => :a}).body).to eq 'foo'
+    end
+
+    it 'adds GET params when params are present in URL' do
+      stub_request(:get, 'http://some/resource?a=b&c=d').with(:headers => {'Accept'=>'*/*', 'Foo'=>'bar'}).to_return(:body => 'foo', :status => 200)
+      expect(RestClient::Request.execute(:url => 'http://some/resource?a=b', :method => :get, :headers => {:foo => :bar, :params => {:c => 'd'}}).body).to eq 'foo'
+    end
+
+    it 'encodes nested GET params' do
+      stub_request(:get, 'http://some/resource?a[foo][]=1&a[foo][]=2&a[bar]&b=foo+bar&math=2+%2B+2+%3D%3D+4').with(:headers => {'Accept'=>'*/*',}).to_return(:body => 'foo', :status => 200)
+      expect(RestClient::Request.execute(url: 'http://some/resource', method: :get, headers: {
+        params: {
+          a: {
+            foo: [1,2],
+            bar: nil,
+          },
+          b: 'foo bar',
+          math: '2 + 2 == 4',
+        }
+      }).body).to eq 'foo'
+    end
+
+  end
+
+  it "can use a block to process response" do
+    response_value = nil
+    block = proc do |http_response|
+      response_value = http_response.body
+    end
+    stub_request(:get, 'http://some/resource?a=b&c=d').with(:headers => {'Accept'=>'*/*', 'Foo'=>'bar'}).to_return(:body => 'foo', :status => 200)
+    RestClient::Request.execute(:url => 'http://some/resource', :method => :get, :headers => {:foo => :bar, :params => {:a => :b, 'c' => 'd'}}, :block_response => block)
+    expect(response_value).to eq "foo"
+  end
+
+  it 'closes payload if not nil' do
+    test_file = File.new(test_image_path)
+
+    stub_request(:post, 'http://some/resource').with(:headers => {'Accept'=>'*/*'}).to_return(:body => 'foo', :status => 200)
+    RestClient::Request.execute(:url => 'http://some/resource', :method => :post, :payload => {:file => test_file})
+
+    expect(test_file.closed?).to be true
+  end
+
+end

data/vendor/cache/ruby/2.7.0/gems/rest-client-2.1.0/spec/unit/request_spec.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,1238 @@
+require_relative './_lib'
+
+describe RestClient::Request, :include_helpers do
+  before do
+    @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+
+    @uri = double("uri")
+    allow(@uri).to receive(:request_uri).and_return('/resource')
+    allow(@uri).to receive(:hostname).and_return('some')
+    allow(@uri).to receive(:port).and_return(80)
+
+    @net = double("net::http base")
+    @http = double("net::http connection")
+
+    allow(Net::HTTP).to receive(:new).and_return(@net)
+
+    allow(@net).to receive(:start).and_yield(@http)
+    allow(@net).to receive(:use_ssl=)
+    allow(@net).to receive(:verify_mode=)
+    allow(@net).to receive(:verify_callback=)
+    allow(@net).to receive(:ciphers=)
+    allow(@net).to receive(:cert_store=)
+    RestClient.log = nil
+  end
+
+  it "accept */* mimetype" do
+    expect(@request.default_headers[:accept]).to eq '*/*'
+  end
+
+  it "processes a successful result" do
+    res = res_double
+    allow(res).to receive(:code).and_return("200")
+    allow(res).to receive(:body).and_return('body')
+    allow(res).to receive(:[]).with('content-encoding').and_return(nil)
+    expect(@request.send(:process_result, res, Time.now).body).to eq 'body'
+    expect(@request.send(:process_result, res, Time.now).to_s).to eq 'body'
+  end
+
+  it "doesn't classify successful requests as failed" do
+    203.upto(207) do |code|
+      res = res_double
+      allow(res).to receive(:code).and_return(code.to_s)
+      allow(res).to receive(:body).and_return("")
+      allow(res).to receive(:[]).with('content-encoding').and_return(nil)
+      expect(@request.send(:process_result, res, Time.now)).to be_empty
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '.normalize_url' do
+    it "adds http:// to the front of resources specified in the syntax example.com/resource" do
+      expect(@request.normalize_url('example.com/resource')).to eq 'http://example.com/resource'
+    end
+
+    it 'adds http:// to resources containing a colon' do
+      expect(@request.normalize_url('example.com:1234')).to eq 'http://example.com:1234'
+    end
+
+    it 'does not add http:// to the front of https resources' do
+      expect(@request.normalize_url('https://example.com/resource')).to eq 'https://example.com/resource'
+    end
+
+    it 'does not add http:// to the front of capital HTTP resources' do
+      expect(@request.normalize_url('HTTP://example.com/resource')).to eq 'HTTP://example.com/resource'
+    end
+
+    it 'does not add http:// to the front of capital HTTPS resources' do
+      expect(@request.normalize_url('HTTPS://example.com/resource')).to eq 'HTTPS://example.com/resource'
+    end
+
+    it 'raises with invalid URI' do
+      expect {
+        RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http://a@b:c')
+      }.to raise_error(URI::InvalidURIError)
+      expect {
+        RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http://::')
+      }.to raise_error(URI::InvalidURIError)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "user - password" do
+    it "extracts the username and password when parsing http://user:password@example.com/" do
+      @request.send(:parse_url_with_auth!, 'http://joe:pass1@example.com/resource')
+      expect(@request.user).to eq 'joe'
+      expect(@request.password).to eq 'pass1'
+    end
+
+    it "extracts with escaping the username and password when parsing http://user:password@example.com/" do
+      @request.send(:parse_url_with_auth!, 'http://joe%20:pass1@example.com/resource')
+      expect(@request.user).to eq 'joe '
+      expect(@request.password).to eq 'pass1'
+    end
+
+    it "doesn't overwrite user and password (which may have already been set by the Resource constructor) if there is no user/password in the url" do
+      request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http://example.com/resource', user: 'beth', password: 'pass2')
+      expect(request.user).to eq 'beth'
+      expect(request.password).to eq 'pass2'
+    end
+
+    it 'uses the username and password from the URL' do
+      request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http://person:secret@example.com/resource')
+      expect(request.user).to eq 'person'
+      expect(request.password).to eq 'secret'
+    end
+
+    it 'overrides URL user/pass with explicit options' do
+      request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http://person:secret@example.com/resource', user: 'beth', password: 'pass2')
+      expect(request.user).to eq 'beth'
+      expect(request.password).to eq 'pass2'
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "correctly formats cookies provided to the constructor" do
+    cookies_arr = [
+      HTTP::Cookie.new('session_id', '1', domain: 'example.com', path: '/'),
+      HTTP::Cookie.new('user_id', 'someone', domain: 'example.com', path: '/'),
+    ]
+
+    jar = HTTP::CookieJar.new
+    cookies_arr.each {|c| jar << c }
+
+    # test Hash, HTTP::CookieJar, and Array<HTTP::Cookie> modes
+    [
+      {session_id: '1', user_id: 'someone'},
+      jar,
+      cookies_arr
+    ].each do |cookies|
+      [true, false].each do |in_headers|
+        if in_headers
+          opts = {headers: {cookies: cookies}}
+        else
+          opts = {cookies: cookies}
+        end
+
+        request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'example.com', **opts)
+        expect(request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({'Foo' => 'bar'})
+        expect(request.make_headers({})).to eq({'Foo' => 'bar', 'Cookie' => 'session_id=1; user_id=someone'})
+        expect(request.make_cookie_header).to eq 'session_id=1; user_id=someone'
+        expect(request.cookies).to eq({'session_id' => '1', 'user_id' => 'someone'})
+        expect(request.cookie_jar.cookies.length).to eq 2
+        expect(request.cookie_jar.object_id).not_to eq jar.object_id # make sure we dup it
+      end
+    end
+
+    # test with no cookies
+    request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'example.com')
+    expect(request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({'Foo' => 'bar'})
+    expect(request.make_headers({})).to eq({'Foo' => 'bar'})
+    expect(request.make_cookie_header).to be_nil
+    expect(request.cookies).to eq({})
+    expect(request.cookie_jar.cookies.length).to eq 0
+  end
+
+  it 'strips out cookies set for a different domain name' do
+    jar = HTTP::CookieJar.new
+    jar << HTTP::Cookie.new('session_id', '1', domain: 'other.example.com', path: '/')
+    jar << HTTP::Cookie.new('user_id', 'someone', domain: 'other.example.com', path: '/')
+
+    request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'www.example.com', cookies: jar)
+    expect(request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({'Foo' => 'bar'})
+    expect(request.make_headers({})).to eq({'Foo' => 'bar'})
+    expect(request.make_cookie_header).to eq nil
+    expect(request.cookies).to eq({})
+    expect(request.cookie_jar.cookies.length).to eq 2
+  end
+
+  it 'assumes default domain and path for cookies set by hash' do
+    request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'www.example.com', cookies: {'session_id' => '1'})
+    expect(request.cookie_jar.cookies.length).to eq 1
+
+    cookie = request.cookie_jar.cookies.first
+    expect(cookie).to be_a(HTTP::Cookie)
+    expect(cookie.domain).to eq('www.example.com')
+    expect(cookie.for_domain?).to be_truthy
+    expect(cookie.path).to eq('/')
+  end
+
+  it 'rejects or warns with contradictory cookie options' do
+    # same opt in two different places
+    expect {
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'example.com',
+                              cookies: {bar: '456'},
+                              headers: {cookies: {foo: '123'}})
+    }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /Cannot pass :cookies in Request.*headers/)
+
+    # :cookies opt and Cookie header
+    [
+      {cookies: {foo: '123'}, headers: {cookie: 'foo'}},
+      {cookies: {foo: '123'}, headers: {'Cookie' => 'foo'}},
+      {headers: {cookies: {foo: '123'}, cookie: 'foo'}},
+      {headers: {cookies: {foo: '123'}, 'Cookie' => 'foo'}},
+    ].each do |opts|
+      expect(fake_stderr {
+        RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'example.com', **opts)
+      }).to match(/warning: overriding "Cookie" header with :cookies option/)
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "does not escape or unescape cookies" do
+    cookie = 'Foo%20:Bar%0A~'
+    @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => 'get', :url => 'example.com',
+                                       :cookies => {:test => cookie})
+    expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({'Foo' => 'bar'})
+    expect(@request.make_headers({})).to eq({
+      'Foo' => 'bar',
+      'Cookie' => "test=#{cookie}"
+    })
+  end
+
+  it "rejects cookie names containing invalid characters" do
+    # Cookie validity is something of a mess, but we should reject the worst of
+    # the RFC 6265 (4.1.1) prohibited characters such as control characters.
+
+    ['foo=bar', 'foo;bar', "foo\nbar"].each do |cookie_name|
+      expect {
+        RestClient::Request.new(:method => 'get', :url => 'example.com',
+                                :cookies => {cookie_name => 'value'})
+      }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /\AInvalid cookie name/i)
+    end
+
+    cookie_name = ''
+    expect {
+      RestClient::Request.new(:method => 'get', :url => 'example.com',
+                              :cookies => {cookie_name => 'value'})
+    }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /cookie name cannot be empty/i)
+  end
+
+  it "rejects cookie values containing invalid characters" do
+    # Cookie validity is something of a mess, but we should reject the worst of
+    # the RFC 6265 (4.1.1) prohibited characters such as control characters.
+
+    ["foo\tbar", "foo\nbar"].each do |cookie_value|
+      expect {
+        RestClient::Request.new(:method => 'get', :url => 'example.com',
+                                :cookies => {'test' => cookie_value})
+      }.to raise_error(ArgumentError, /\AInvalid cookie value/i)
+    end
+  end
+
+  it 'warns when overriding existing headers via payload' do
+    expect(fake_stderr {
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com',
+                              payload: {'foo' => 1}, headers: {content_type: :json})
+    }).to match(/warning: Overriding "Content-Type" header/i)
+    expect(fake_stderr {
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com',
+                              payload: {'foo' => 1}, headers: {'Content-Type' => 'application/json'})
+    }).to match(/warning: Overriding "Content-Type" header/i)
+
+    expect(fake_stderr {
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com',
+                              payload: '123456', headers: {content_length: '20'})
+    }).to match(/warning: Overriding "Content-Length" header/i)
+    expect(fake_stderr {
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com',
+                              payload: '123456', headers: {'Content-Length' => '20'})
+    }).to match(/warning: Overriding "Content-Length" header/i)
+  end
+
+  it "does not warn when overriding user header with header derived from payload if those header values were identical" do
+    expect(fake_stderr {
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com',
+                              payload: {'foo' => '123456'}, headers: { 'Content-Type' => 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' })
+    }).not_to match(/warning: Overriding "Content-Type" header/i)
+  end
+
+  it 'does not warn for a normal looking payload' do
+    expect(fake_stderr {
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com', payload: 'payload')
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com', payload: 'payload', headers: {content_type: :json})
+      RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'example.com', payload: {'foo' => 'bar'})
+    }).to eq ''
+  end
+
+  it "uses netrc credentials" do
+    expect(Netrc).to receive(:read).and_return('example.com' => ['a', 'b'])
+    request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://example.com/', :payload => 'payload')
+    expect(request.user).to eq 'a'
+    expect(request.password).to eq 'b'
+  end
+
+  it "uses credentials in the url in preference to netrc" do
+    allow(Netrc).to receive(:read).and_return('example.com' => ['a', 'b'])
+    request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url =>  'http://joe%20:pass1@example.com/', :payload => 'payload')
+    expect(request.user).to eq 'joe '
+    expect(request.password).to eq 'pass1'
+  end
+
+  it "determines the Net::HTTP class to instantiate by the method name" do
+    expect(@request.net_http_request_class(:put)).to eq Net::HTTP::Put
+  end
+
+  describe "user headers" do
+    it "merges user headers with the default headers" do
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({:accept => '*/*'})
+      headers = @request.make_headers("Accept" => "application/json", :accept_encoding => 'gzip')
+      expect(headers).to have_key "Accept-Encoding"
+      expect(headers["Accept-Encoding"]).to eq "gzip"
+      expect(headers).to have_key "Accept"
+      expect(headers["Accept"]).to eq "application/json"
+    end
+
+    it "prefers the user header when the same header exists in the defaults" do
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({ '1' => '2' })
+      headers = @request.make_headers('1' => '3')
+      expect(headers).to have_key('1')
+      expect(headers['1']).to eq '3'
+    end
+
+    it "converts user headers to string before calling CGI::unescape which fails on non string values" do
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({ '1' => '2' })
+      headers = @request.make_headers('1' => 3)
+      expect(headers).to have_key('1')
+      expect(headers['1']).to eq '3'
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "header symbols" do
+
+    it "converts header symbols from :content_type to 'Content-Type'" do
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({})
+      headers = @request.make_headers(:content_type => 'abc')
+      expect(headers).to have_key('Content-Type')
+      expect(headers['Content-Type']).to eq 'abc'
+    end
+
+    it "converts content-type from extension to real content-type" do
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({})
+      headers = @request.make_headers(:content_type => 'json')
+      expect(headers).to have_key('Content-Type')
+      expect(headers['Content-Type']).to eq 'application/json'
+    end
+
+    it "converts accept from extension(s) to real content-type(s)" do
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({})
+      headers = @request.make_headers(:accept => 'json, mp3')
+      expect(headers).to have_key('Accept')
+      expect(headers['Accept']).to eq 'application/json, audio/mpeg'
+
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({})
+      headers = @request.make_headers(:accept => :json)
+      expect(headers).to have_key('Accept')
+      expect(headers['Accept']).to eq 'application/json'
+    end
+
+    it "only convert symbols in header" do
+      expect(@request).to receive(:default_headers).and_return({})
+      headers = @request.make_headers({:foo_bar => 'value', "bar_bar" => 'value'})
+      expect(headers['Foo-Bar']).to eq 'value'
+      expect(headers['bar_bar']).to eq 'value'
+    end
+
+    it "converts header values to strings" do
+      expect(@request.make_headers('A' => 1)['A']).to eq '1'
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "executes by constructing the Net::HTTP object, headers, and payload and calling transmit" do
+    klass = double("net:http class")
+    expect(@request).to receive(:net_http_request_class).with('put').and_return(klass)
+    expect(klass).to receive(:new).and_return('result')
+    expect(@request).to receive(:transmit).with(@request.uri, 'result', kind_of(RestClient::Payload::Base))
+    @request.execute
+  end
+
+  it "IPv6: executes by constructing the Net::HTTP object, headers, and payload and calling transmit" do
+    @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://[::1]/some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+    klass = double("net:http class")
+    expect(@request).to receive(:net_http_request_class).with('put').and_return(klass)
+
+    if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.0.0"
+      expect(klass).to receive(:new).with(kind_of(URI), kind_of(Hash)).and_return('result')
+    else
+      expect(klass).to receive(:new).with(kind_of(String), kind_of(Hash)).and_return('result')
+    end
+
+    expect(@request).to receive(:transmit)
+    @request.execute
+  end
+
+  # TODO: almost none of these tests should actually call transmit, which is
+  # part of the private API
+
+  it "transmits the request with Net::HTTP" do
+    expect(@http).to receive(:request).with('req', 'payload')
+    expect(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+    @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+  end
+
+  # TODO: most of these payload tests are historical relics that actually
+  # belong in payload_spec.rb. Or we need new tests that actually cover the way
+  # that Request#initialize or Request#execute uses the payload.
+  describe "payload" do
+    it "sends nil payloads" do
+      expect(@http).to receive(:request).with('req', nil)
+      expect(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+    it "passes non-hash payloads straight through" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate("x").to_s).to eq "x"
+    end
+
+    it "converts a hash payload to urlencoded data" do
+      expect(RestClient::Payload.generate(:a => 'b c+d').to_s).to eq "a=b+c%2Bd"
+    end
+
+    it "accepts nested hashes in payload" do
+      payload = RestClient::Payload.generate(:user => { :name => 'joe', :location => { :country => 'USA', :state => 'CA' }}).to_s
+      expect(payload).to include('user[name]=joe')
+      expect(payload).to include('user[location][country]=USA')
+      expect(payload).to include('user[location][state]=CA')
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "set urlencoded content_type header on hash payloads" do
+    req = RestClient::Request.new(method: :post, url: 'http://some/resource', payload: {a: 1})
+    expect(req.processed_headers.fetch('Content-Type')).to eq 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
+  end
+
+  describe "credentials" do
+    it "sets up the credentials prior to the request" do
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      allow(@request).to receive(:user).and_return('joe')
+      allow(@request).to receive(:password).and_return('mypass')
+      expect(@request).to receive(:setup_credentials).with('req')
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+    it "does not attempt to send any credentials if user is nil" do
+      allow(@request).to receive(:user).and_return(nil)
+      req = double("request")
+      expect(req).not_to receive(:basic_auth)
+      @request.send(:setup_credentials, req)
+    end
+
+    it "setup credentials when there's a user" do
+      allow(@request).to receive(:user).and_return('joe')
+      allow(@request).to receive(:password).and_return('mypass')
+      req = double("request")
+      expect(req).to receive(:basic_auth).with('joe', 'mypass')
+      @request.send(:setup_credentials, req)
+    end
+
+    it "does not attempt to send credentials if Authorization header is set" do
+      ['Authorization', 'authorization', 'auTHORization', :authorization].each do |authorization|
+        headers = {authorization => 'Token abc123'}
+        request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http://some/resource', headers: headers, user: 'joe', password: 'mypass')
+        req = double("net::http request")
+        expect(req).not_to receive(:basic_auth)
+        request.send(:setup_credentials, req)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "catches EOFError and shows the more informative ServerBrokeConnection" do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(EOFError)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(RestClient::ServerBrokeConnection)
+  end
+
+  it "catches OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError and raise it back without more informative message" do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(OpenSSL::SSL::SSLError)
+  end
+
+  it "catches Timeout::Error and raise the more informative ReadTimeout" do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(Timeout::Error)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(RestClient::Exceptions::ReadTimeout)
+  end
+
+  it "catches Errno::ETIMEDOUT and raise the more informative ReadTimeout" do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(Errno::ETIMEDOUT)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(RestClient::Exceptions::ReadTimeout)
+  end
+
+  it "catches Net::ReadTimeout and raises RestClient's ReadTimeout",
+     :if => defined?(Net::ReadTimeout) do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(Net::ReadTimeout)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(RestClient::Exceptions::ReadTimeout)
+  end
+
+  it "catches Net::OpenTimeout and raises RestClient's OpenTimeout",
+     :if => defined?(Net::OpenTimeout) do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(Net::OpenTimeout)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(RestClient::Exceptions::OpenTimeout)
+  end
+
+  it "uses correct error message for ReadTimeout",
+     :if => defined?(Net::ReadTimeout) do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(Net::ReadTimeout)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(RestClient::Exceptions::ReadTimeout, 'Timed out reading data from server')
+  end
+
+  it "uses correct error message for OpenTimeout",
+     :if => defined?(Net::OpenTimeout) do
+    allow(@http).to receive(:request).and_raise(Net::OpenTimeout)
+    expect { @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil) }.to raise_error(RestClient::Exceptions::OpenTimeout, 'Timed out connecting to server')
+  end
+
+
+  it "class method execute wraps constructor" do
+    req = double("rest request")
+    expect(RestClient::Request).to receive(:new).with(1 => 2).and_return(req)
+    expect(req).to receive(:execute)
+    RestClient::Request.execute(1 => 2)
+  end
+
+  describe "exception" do
+    it "raises Unauthorized when the response is 401" do
+      res = res_double(:code => '401', :[] => ['content-encoding' => ''], :body => '' )
+      expect { @request.send(:process_result, res, Time.now) }.to raise_error(RestClient::Unauthorized)
+    end
+
+    it "raises ResourceNotFound when the response is 404" do
+      res = res_double(:code => '404', :[] => ['content-encoding' => ''], :body => '' )
+      expect { @request.send(:process_result, res, Time.now) }.to raise_error(RestClient::ResourceNotFound)
+    end
+
+    it "raises RequestFailed otherwise" do
+      res = res_double(:code => '500', :[] => ['content-encoding' => ''], :body => '' )
+      expect { @request.send(:process_result, res, Time.now) }.to raise_error(RestClient::InternalServerError)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "block usage" do
+    it "returns what asked to" do
+      res = res_double(:code => '401', :[] => ['content-encoding' => ''], :body => '' )
+      expect(@request.send(:process_result, res, Time.now){|response, request| "foo"}).to eq "foo"
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "proxy" do
+    before do
+      # unstub Net::HTTP creation since we need to test it
+      allow(Net::HTTP).to receive(:new).and_call_original
+
+      @proxy_req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "creates a proxy class if a proxy url is given" do
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy).and_return("http://example.com/")
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy_set?).and_return(true)
+      expect(@proxy_req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy?).to be true
+    end
+
+    it "creates a proxy class with the correct address if a IPv6 proxy url is given" do
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy).and_return("http://[::1]/")
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy_set?).and_return(true)
+      expect(@proxy_req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy?).to be true
+      expect(@proxy_req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy_address).to eq('::1')
+    end
+
+    it "creates a non-proxy class if a proxy url is not given" do
+      expect(@proxy_req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy?).to be_falsey
+    end
+
+    it "disables proxy on a per-request basis" do
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy).and_return('http://example.com')
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy_set?).and_return(true)
+      expect(@proxy_req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy?).to be true
+
+      disabled_req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :proxy => nil)
+      expect(disabled_req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy?).to be_falsey
+    end
+
+    it "sets proxy on a per-request basis" do
+      expect(@proxy_req.net_http_object('some', 80).proxy?).to be_falsey
+
+      req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :proxy => 'http://example.com')
+      expect(req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy?).to be true
+    end
+
+    it "overrides proxy from environment", if: RUBY_VERSION >= '2.0' do
+      allow(ENV).to receive(:[]).with("http_proxy").and_return("http://127.0.0.1")
+      allow(ENV).to receive(:[]).with("no_proxy").and_return(nil)
+      allow(ENV).to receive(:[]).with("NO_PROXY").and_return(nil)
+      allow(Netrc).to receive(:read).and_return({})
+
+      req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+      obj = req.net_http_object('host', 80)
+      expect(obj.proxy?).to be true
+      expect(obj.proxy_address).to eq '127.0.0.1'
+
+      # test original method .proxy?
+      req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :proxy => nil)
+      obj = req.net_http_object('host', 80)
+      expect(obj.proxy?).to be_falsey
+
+      # stub RestClient.proxy_set? to peek into implementation
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy_set?).and_return(true)
+      req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+      obj = req.net_http_object('host', 80)
+      expect(obj.proxy?).to be_falsey
+
+      # test stubbed Net::HTTP.new
+      req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :proxy => nil)
+      expect(Net::HTTP).to receive(:new).with('host', 80, nil, nil, nil, nil)
+      req.net_http_object('host', 80)
+    end
+
+    it "overrides global proxy with per-request proxy" do
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy).and_return('http://example.com')
+      allow(RestClient).to receive(:proxy_set?).and_return(true)
+      obj = @proxy_req.net_http_object('host', 80)
+      expect(obj.proxy?).to be true
+      expect(obj.proxy_address).to eq 'example.com'
+
+      req = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :proxy => 'http://127.0.0.1/')
+      expect(req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy?).to be true
+      expect(req.net_http_object('host', 80).proxy_address).to eq('127.0.0.1')
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  describe "logging" do
+    it "logs a get request" do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      RestClient::Request.new(:method => :get, :url => 'http://url', :headers => {:user_agent => 'rest-client'}).log_request
+      expect(log[0]).to eq %Q{RestClient.get "http://url", "Accept"=>"*/*", "User-Agent"=>"rest-client"\n}
+    end
+
+    it "logs a post request with a small payload" do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      RestClient::Request.new(:method => :post, :url => 'http://url', :payload => 'foo', :headers => {:user_agent => 'rest-client'}).log_request
+      expect(log[0]).to eq %Q{RestClient.post "http://url", "foo", "Accept"=>"*/*", "Content-Length"=>"3", "User-Agent"=>"rest-client"\n}
+    end
+
+    it "logs a post request with a large payload" do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      RestClient::Request.new(:method => :post, :url => 'http://url', :payload => ('x' * 1000), :headers => {:user_agent => 'rest-client'}).log_request
+      expect(log[0]).to eq %Q{RestClient.post "http://url", 1000 byte(s) length, "Accept"=>"*/*", "Content-Length"=>"1000", "User-Agent"=>"rest-client"\n}
+    end
+
+    it "logs input headers as a hash" do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      RestClient::Request.new(:method => :get, :url => 'http://url', :headers => { :accept => 'text/plain', :user_agent => 'rest-client' }).log_request
+      expect(log[0]).to eq %Q{RestClient.get "http://url", "Accept"=>"text/plain", "User-Agent"=>"rest-client"\n}
+    end
+
+    it "logs a response including the status code, content type, and result body size in bytes" do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      res = res_double(code: '200', class: Net::HTTPOK, body: 'abcd')
+      allow(res).to receive(:[]).with('Content-type').and_return('text/html')
+      response = response_from_res_double(res, @request)
+      response.log_response
+      expect(log).to eq ["# => 200 OK | text/html 4 bytes, 1.00s\n"]
+    end
+
+    it "logs a response with a nil Content-type" do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      res = res_double(code: '200', class: Net::HTTPOK, body: 'abcd')
+      allow(res).to receive(:[]).with('Content-type').and_return(nil)
+      response = response_from_res_double(res, @request)
+      response.log_response
+      expect(log).to eq ["# => 200 OK |  4 bytes, 1.00s\n"]
+    end
+
+    it "logs a response with a nil body" do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      res = res_double(code: '200', class: Net::HTTPOK, body: nil)
+      allow(res).to receive(:[]).with('Content-type').and_return('text/html; charset=utf-8')
+      response = response_from_res_double(res, @request)
+      response.log_response
+      expect(log).to eq ["# => 200 OK | text/html 0 bytes, 1.00s\n"]
+    end
+
+    it 'does not log request password' do
+      log = RestClient.log = []
+      RestClient::Request.new(:method => :get, :url => 'http://user:password@url', :headers => {:user_agent => 'rest-client'}).log_request
+      expect(log[0]).to eq %Q{RestClient.get "http://user:REDACTED@url", "Accept"=>"*/*", "User-Agent"=>"rest-client"\n}
+    end
+
+    it 'logs to a passed logger, if provided' do
+      logger = double('logger', '<<' => true)
+      expect(logger).to receive(:<<)
+      RestClient::Request.new(:method => :get, :url => 'http://user:password@url', log: logger).log_request
+    end
+  end
+
+  it "strips the charset from the response content type" do
+    log = RestClient.log = []
+    res = res_double(code: '200', class: Net::HTTPOK, body: 'abcd')
+    allow(res).to receive(:[]).with('Content-type').and_return('text/html; charset=utf-8')
+    response = response_from_res_double(res, @request)
+    response.log_response
+    expect(log).to eq ["# => 200 OK | text/html 4 bytes, 1.00s\n"]
+  end
+
+  describe "timeout" do
+    it "does not set timeouts if not specified" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:read_timeout=)
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:open_timeout=)
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'sets read_timeout' do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :read_timeout => 123)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@net).to receive(:read_timeout=).with(123)
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+    it "sets open_timeout" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :open_timeout => 123)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@net).to receive(:open_timeout=).with(123)
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'sets both timeouts with :timeout' do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :timeout => 123)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@net).to receive(:open_timeout=).with(123)
+      expect(@net).to receive(:read_timeout=).with(123)
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'supersedes :timeout with open/read_timeout' do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :timeout => 123, :open_timeout => 34, :read_timeout => 56)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@net).to receive(:open_timeout=).with(34)
+      expect(@net).to receive(:read_timeout=).with(56)
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+
+    it "disable timeout by setting it to nil" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :read_timeout => nil, :open_timeout => nil)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@net).to receive(:read_timeout=).with(nil)
+      expect(@net).to receive(:open_timeout=).with(nil)
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+
+    it 'deprecated: warns when disabling timeout by setting it to -1' do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :read_timeout => -1)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@net).to receive(:read_timeout=).with(nil)
+
+      expect(fake_stderr {
+        @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+      }).to match(/^Deprecated: .*timeout.* nil instead of -1$/)
+    end
+
+    it "deprecated: disable timeout by setting it to -1" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :read_timeout => -1, :open_timeout => -1)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+
+      expect(@request).to receive(:warn)
+      expect(@net).to receive(:read_timeout=).with(nil)
+
+      expect(@request).to receive(:warn)
+      expect(@net).to receive(:open_timeout=).with(nil)
+
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', nil)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "ssl" do
+    it "uses SSL when the URI refers to a https address" do
+      allow(@uri).to receive(:is_a?).with(URI::HTTPS).and_return(true)
+      expect(@net).to receive(:use_ssl=).with(true)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should default to verifying ssl certificates" do
+      expect(@request.verify_ssl).to eq OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER
+    end
+
+    it "should have expected values for VERIFY_PEER and VERIFY_NONE" do
+      expect(OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE).to eq(0)
+      expect(OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER).to eq(1)
+    end
+
+    it "should set net.verify_mode to OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE if verify_ssl is false" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :verify_ssl => false, :url => 'http://some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+      expect(@net).to receive(:verify_mode=).with(OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set net.verify_mode to OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE if verify_ssl is true" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'https://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :verify_ssl => true)
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:verify_mode=).with(OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_NONE)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should set net.verify_mode to OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER if verify_ssl is true" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'https://some/resource', :payload => 'payload', :verify_ssl => true)
+      expect(@net).to receive(:verify_mode=).with(OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should set net.verify_mode to OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER if verify_ssl is not given" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => :put, :url => 'https://some/resource', :payload => 'payload')
+      expect(@net).to receive(:verify_mode=).with(OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should set net.verify_mode to the passed value if verify_ssl is an OpenSSL constant" do
+      mode = OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_PEER | OpenSSL::SSL::VERIFY_FAIL_IF_NO_PEER_CERT
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new( :method => :put,
+                                          :url => 'https://some/resource',
+                                          :payload => 'payload',
+                                          :verify_ssl => mode )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:verify_mode=).with(mode)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should default to not having an ssl_client_cert" do
+      expect(@request.ssl_client_cert).to be(nil)
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_version if provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+        :method => :put,
+        :url => 'https://some/resource',
+        :payload => 'payload',
+        :ssl_version => "TLSv1"
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:ssl_version=).with("TLSv1")
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_version if not provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+        :method => :put,
+        :url => 'https://some/resource',
+        :payload => 'payload'
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ssl_version=).with("TLSv1")
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_ciphers if provided" do
+      ciphers = 'AESGCM:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:RC4+RSA'
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+        :method => :put,
+        :url => 'https://some/resource',
+        :payload => 'payload',
+        :ssl_ciphers => ciphers
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:ciphers=).with(ciphers)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_ciphers if set to nil" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+        :method => :put,
+        :url => 'https://some/resource',
+        :payload => 'payload',
+        :ssl_ciphers => nil,
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ciphers=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_client_cert if provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+              :ssl_client_cert => "whatsupdoc!"
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:cert=).with("whatsupdoc!")
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_client_cert if it is not provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload'
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:cert=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should default to not having an ssl_client_key" do
+      expect(@request.ssl_client_key).to be(nil)
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_client_key if provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+              :ssl_client_key => "whatsupdoc!"
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:key=).with("whatsupdoc!")
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_client_key if it is not provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload'
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:key=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should default to not having an ssl_ca_file" do
+      expect(@request.ssl_ca_file).to be(nil)
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_ca_file if provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+              :ssl_ca_file => "Certificate Authority File"
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:ca_file=).with("Certificate Authority File")
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:cert_store=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_ca_file if it is not provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload'
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ca_file=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should default to not having an ssl_ca_path" do
+      expect(@request.ssl_ca_path).to be(nil)
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_ca_path if provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+              :ssl_ca_path => "Certificate Authority Path"
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:ca_path=).with("Certificate Authority Path")
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:cert_store=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_ca_path if it is not provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload'
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ca_path=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_cert_store if provided" do
+      store = OpenSSL::X509::Store.new
+      store.set_default_paths
+
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+              :ssl_cert_store => store
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:cert_store=).with(store)
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ca_path=)
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ca_file=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should by default set the ssl_cert_store if no CA info is provided" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload'
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:cert_store=)
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ca_path=)
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:ca_file=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_cert_store if it is set falsy" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+              :ssl_cert_store => nil,
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:cert_store=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should not set the ssl_verify_callback by default" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+      )
+      expect(@net).not_to receive(:verify_callback=)
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    it "should set the ssl_verify_callback if passed" do
+      callback = lambda {}
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+              :method => :put,
+              :url => 'https://some/resource',
+              :payload => 'payload',
+              :ssl_verify_callback => callback,
+      )
+      expect(@net).to receive(:verify_callback=).with(callback)
+
+      # we'll read cert_store on jruby
+      # https://github.com/jruby/jruby/issues/597
+      if RestClient::Platform.jruby?
+        allow(@net).to receive(:cert_store)
+      end
+
+      allow(@http).to receive(:request)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      allow(@request).to receive(:response_log)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    end
+
+    # </ssl>
+  end
+
+  it "should still return a response object for 204 No Content responses" do
+    @request = RestClient::Request.new(
+            :method => :put,
+            :url => 'https://some/resource',
+            :payload => 'payload'
+    )
+    net_http_res = Net::HTTPNoContent.new("", "204", "No Content")
+    allow(net_http_res).to receive(:read_body).and_return(nil)
+    expect(@http).to receive(:request).and_return(net_http_res)
+    response = @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', 'payload')
+    expect(response).not_to be_nil
+    expect(response.code).to eq 204
+  end
+
+  describe "raw response" do
+    it "should read the response into a binary-mode tempfile" do
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(:method => "get", :url => "example.com", :raw_response => true)
+
+      tempfile = double("tempfile")
+      expect(tempfile).to receive(:binmode)
+      allow(tempfile).to receive(:open)
+      allow(tempfile).to receive(:close)
+      expect(Tempfile).to receive(:new).with("rest-client.").and_return(tempfile)
+
+      net_http_res = Net::HTTPOK.new(nil, "200", "body")
+      allow(net_http_res).to receive(:read_body).and_return("body")
+      received_tempfile = @request.send(:fetch_body_to_tempfile, net_http_res)
+      expect(received_tempfile).to eq tempfile
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'payloads' do
+    it 'should accept string payloads' do
+      payload = 'Foo'
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'example.com', :payload => payload)
+      expect(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+      expect(@http).to receive(:request).with('req', payload)
+      @request.send(:transmit, @uri, 'req', payload)
+    end
+
+    it 'should accept streaming IO payloads' do
+      payload = StringIO.new('streamed')
+
+      @request = RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'example.com', :payload => payload)
+      expect(@request).to receive(:process_result)
+
+      @get = double('net::http::get')
+      expect(@get).to receive(:body_stream=).with(instance_of(RestClient::Payload::Streamed))
+
+      allow(@request.net_http_request_class(:GET)).to receive(:new).and_return(@get)
+      expect(@http).to receive(:request).with(@get, nil)
+      @request.execute
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'constructor' do
+    it 'should reject valid URIs with no hostname' do
+      expect(URI.parse('http:///').hostname).to be_nil
+
+      expect {
+        RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http:///')
+      }.to raise_error(URI::InvalidURIError, /\Abad URI/)
+    end
+
+    it 'should reject invalid URIs' do
+      expect {
+        RestClient::Request.new(method: :get, url: 'http://::')
+      }.to raise_error(URI::InvalidURIError)
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe 'process_url_params' do
+    it 'should handle basic URL params' do
+      expect(@request.process_url_params('https://example.com/foo', params: {key1: 123, key2: 'abc'})).
+        to eq 'https://example.com/foo?key1=123&key2=abc'
+
+      expect(@request.process_url_params('https://example.com/foo', params: {'key1' => 123})).
+        to eq 'https://example.com/foo?key1=123'
+
+      expect(@request.process_url_params('https://example.com/path',
+                                  params: {foo: 'one two', bar: 'three + four == seven'})).
+        to eq 'https://example.com/path?foo=one+two&bar=three+%2B+four+%3D%3D+seven'
+    end
+
+    it 'should combine with & when URL params already exist' do
+      expect(@request.process_url_params('https://example.com/path?foo=1', params: {bar: 2})).
+        to eq 'https://example.com/path?foo=1&bar=2'
+    end
+
+    it 'should handle complex nested URL params per Rack / Rails conventions' do
+      expect(@request.process_url_params('https://example.com/', params: {
+        foo: [1,2,3],
+        null: nil,
+        falsy: false,
+        math: '2+2=4',
+        nested: {'key + escaped' => 'value + escaped', other: [], arr: [1,2]},
+      })).to eq 'https://example.com/?foo[]=1&foo[]=2&foo[]=3&null&falsy=false&math=2%2B2%3D4' \
+                   '&nested[key+%2B+escaped]=value+%2B+escaped&nested[other]' \
+                   '&nested[arr][]=1&nested[arr][]=2'
+    end
+
+    it 'should handle ParamsArray objects' do
+      expect(@request.process_url_params('https://example.com/',
+        params: RestClient::ParamsArray.new([[:foo, 1], [:foo, 2]])
+      )).to eq 'https://example.com/?foo=1&foo=2'
+    end
+  end
+end