paygate-ruby 0.1.6 → 0.1.11

data/lib/paygate/aes.rb

@@ -1,150 +1,150 @@
-module Paygate
-  class Aes
-    # Pre-computed multiplicative inverse in GF(2^8)
-    S_BOX = [0x63,0x7c,0x77,0x7b,0xf2,0x6b,0x6f,0xc5,0x30,0x01,0x67,0x2b,0xfe,0xd7,0xab,0x76,
-             0xca,0x82,0xc9,0x7d,0xfa,0x59,0x47,0xf0,0xad,0xd4,0xa2,0xaf,0x9c,0xa4,0x72,0xc0,
-             0xb7,0xfd,0x93,0x26,0x36,0x3f,0xf7,0xcc,0x34,0xa5,0xe5,0xf1,0x71,0xd8,0x31,0x15,
-             0x04,0xc7,0x23,0xc3,0x18,0x96,0x05,0x9a,0x07,0x12,0x80,0xe2,0xeb,0x27,0xb2,0x75,
-             0x09,0x83,0x2c,0x1a,0x1b,0x6e,0x5a,0xa0,0x52,0x3b,0xd6,0xb3,0x29,0xe3,0x2f,0x84,
-             0x53,0xd1,0x00,0xed,0x20,0xfc,0xb1,0x5b,0x6a,0xcb,0xbe,0x39,0x4a,0x4c,0x58,0xcf,
-             0xd0,0xef,0xaa,0xfb,0x43,0x4d,0x33,0x85,0x45,0xf9,0x02,0x7f,0x50,0x3c,0x9f,0xa8,
-             0x51,0xa3,0x40,0x8f,0x92,0x9d,0x38,0xf5,0xbc,0xb6,0xda,0x21,0x10,0xff,0xf3,0xd2,
-             0xcd,0x0c,0x13,0xec,0x5f,0x97,0x44,0x17,0xc4,0xa7,0x7e,0x3d,0x64,0x5d,0x19,0x73,
-             0x60,0x81,0x4f,0xdc,0x22,0x2a,0x90,0x88,0x46,0xee,0xb8,0x14,0xde,0x5e,0x0b,0xdb,
-             0xe0,0x32,0x3a,0x0a,0x49,0x06,0x24,0x5c,0xc2,0xd3,0xac,0x62,0x91,0x95,0xe4,0x79,
-             0xe7,0xc8,0x37,0x6d,0x8d,0xd5,0x4e,0xa9,0x6c,0x56,0xf4,0xea,0x65,0x7a,0xae,0x08,
-             0xba,0x78,0x25,0x2e,0x1c,0xa6,0xb4,0xc6,0xe8,0xdd,0x74,0x1f,0x4b,0xbd,0x8b,0x8a,
-             0x70,0x3e,0xb5,0x66,0x48,0x03,0xf6,0x0e,0x61,0x35,0x57,0xb9,0x86,0xc1,0x1d,0x9e,
-             0xe1,0xf8,0x98,0x11,0x69,0xd9,0x8e,0x94,0x9b,0x1e,0x87,0xe9,0xce,0x55,0x28,0xdf,
-             0x8c,0xa1,0x89,0x0d,0xbf,0xe6,0x42,0x68,0x41,0x99,0x2d,0x0f,0xb0,0x54,0xbb,0x16].freeze
-
-    # Round Constant used for the Key Expansion [1st col is 2^(r-1) in GF(2^8)]
-    R_CON = [[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x1b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
-             [0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] ].freeze
-
-    # Block size (in words): no of columns in state (fixed for AES)
-    CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE = 4.freeze
-
-    # AES Cipher function: encrypt 'input' state with Rijndael algorithm
-    # applies Nr rounds (10/12/14) using key schedule w for 'add round key' stage
-    # @param int[] input 16-byte (128-bit) input state array
-    # @param int[][] w   Key schedule as 2D byte-array (Nr+1 x Nb bytes)
-    # @returns int[]     Encrypted output state array
-    def self.cipher(input, w)
-      nr = w.length / CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE - 1      # no of rounds: 10/12/14 for 128/192/256-bit keys
-      state = [[],[],[],[]]                      # initialize 4x4 byte-array 'state' with input
-
-      (0...(4 * CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE)).each do |i|
-        state[i % 4][(i / 4.0).floor] = input[i]
-      end
-
-      state = add_round_key(state, w, 0)
-      (1...nr).each do |round|
-        state = sub_bytes(state)
-        state = shift_rows(state)
-        state = mix_columns(state)
-        state = add_round_key(state, w, round)
-      end
-
-      state = sub_bytes(state)
-      state = shift_rows(state)
-      state = add_round_key(state, w, nr)
-
-      output = []
-      (0...(4 * CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE)).each { |i| output[i] = state[i % 4][(i / 4.0).floor] }
-      output
-    end
-
-    #  Perform Key Expansion to generate a Key Schedule
-    #
-    #  @param int[] key Key as 16/24/32-byte array
-    #  @returns int[][] Expanded key schedule as 2D byte-array (Nr+1 x Nb bytes)
-    def self.key_expansion(key)
-      nk = key.length / 4         # key length (in words): 4/6/8 for 128/192/256-bit keys
-      nr = nk + 6                 # no of rounds: 10/12/14 for 128/192/256-bit keys
-
-      w = []
-      temp = []
-      0.upto(nk - 1){ |i| w[i] = [key[4 * i], key[4 * i + 1], key[4 * i + 2], key[4 * i + 3]] }
-      (nk...(CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE * (nr + 1))).each do |i|
-        w[i] = []
-        0.upto(3){ |t| temp[t] = w[i - 1][t] }
-        if i % nk == 0
-          temp = sub_word(rotate_word(temp))
-          0.upto(3){ |t| temp[t] ^= R_CON[i / nk][t]}
-        elsif nk > 6 && i % nk == 4
-          temp = sub_word(temp)
-        end
-        0.upto(3){ |t| w[i][t] = w[i - nk][t] ^ temp[t] }
-      end
-      w
-    end
-
-    # apply SBox to state
-    def self.sub_bytes(state)
-      0.upto(3) do |r|
-        0.upto(CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE - 1){ |c| state[r][c] = S_BOX[state[r][c]] }
-      end
-      state
-    end
-
-    # shift row r of state S left by r bytes
-    def self.shift_rows(state)
-      t = []
-      1.upto(3) do |r|
-        0.upto(3){ |c| t[c] = state[r][(c + r) % CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE] }     # shift into temp copy
-        0.upto(3){ |c| state[r][c] = t[c] }                               # and copy back
-      end # note that this will work for nb = 4,5,6, but not 7,8 (always 4 for AES):
-      state # see asmaes.sourceforge.net/rijndael/rijndaelImplementation.pdf
-    end
-
-    # combine bytes of each col of state S
-    def self.mix_columns(state)
-      0.upto(3) do |c|
-        a=[]                  # 'a' is a copy of the current column from 'state'
-        b=[]                  # 'b' is a•{02} in GF(2^8)
-        0.upto(3) do |i|
-          a[i] = state[i][c]
-          b[i] = (state[i][c] & 0x80 == 0) ? (state[i][c] << 1) ^ 0x011b : state[i][c] << 1
-        end
-        # a[n] ^ b[n] is a•{03} in GF(2^8)
-        state[0][c] = b[0] ^ a[1] ^ b[1] ^ a[2] ^ a[3]        # 2*a0 + 3*a1 + a2 + a3
-        state[1][c] = a[0] ^ b[1] ^ a[2] ^ b[2] ^ a[3]        # a0 * 2*a1 + 3*a2 + a3
-        state[2][c] = a[0] ^ a[1] ^ b[2] ^ a[3] ^ b[3]        # a0 + a1 + 2*a2 + 3*a3
-        state[3][c] = a[0] ^ b[0] ^ a[1] ^ a[2] ^ b[3]        # 3*a0 + a1 + a2 + 2*a3
-      end
-      state
-    end
-
-    # xor Round Key into state S
-    def self.add_round_key(state, w, rnd)
-      0.upto(3) do |r|
-        0.upto(CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE - 1){ |c| state[r][c] ^= w[rnd * 4 + c][r]}
-      end
-      state
-    end
-
-    # apply SBox to 4-byte word w
-    def self.sub_word(word)
-      0.upto(3){ |i| word[i] = S_BOX[word[i]] }
-      word
-    end
-
-    # rotate 4-byte word w left by one byte
-    def self.rotate_word(word)
-      tmp = word[0]
-      0.upto(2){ |i| word[i] = word[i + 1] }
-      word[3] = tmp
-      word
-    end
-  end
-end
+module Paygate
+  class Aes
+    # Pre-computed multiplicative inverse in GF(2^8)
+    S_BOX = [0x63,0x7c,0x77,0x7b,0xf2,0x6b,0x6f,0xc5,0x30,0x01,0x67,0x2b,0xfe,0xd7,0xab,0x76,
+             0xca,0x82,0xc9,0x7d,0xfa,0x59,0x47,0xf0,0xad,0xd4,0xa2,0xaf,0x9c,0xa4,0x72,0xc0,
+             0xb7,0xfd,0x93,0x26,0x36,0x3f,0xf7,0xcc,0x34,0xa5,0xe5,0xf1,0x71,0xd8,0x31,0x15,
+             0x04,0xc7,0x23,0xc3,0x18,0x96,0x05,0x9a,0x07,0x12,0x80,0xe2,0xeb,0x27,0xb2,0x75,
+             0x09,0x83,0x2c,0x1a,0x1b,0x6e,0x5a,0xa0,0x52,0x3b,0xd6,0xb3,0x29,0xe3,0x2f,0x84,
+             0x53,0xd1,0x00,0xed,0x20,0xfc,0xb1,0x5b,0x6a,0xcb,0xbe,0x39,0x4a,0x4c,0x58,0xcf,
+             0xd0,0xef,0xaa,0xfb,0x43,0x4d,0x33,0x85,0x45,0xf9,0x02,0x7f,0x50,0x3c,0x9f,0xa8,
+             0x51,0xa3,0x40,0x8f,0x92,0x9d,0x38,0xf5,0xbc,0xb6,0xda,0x21,0x10,0xff,0xf3,0xd2,
+             0xcd,0x0c,0x13,0xec,0x5f,0x97,0x44,0x17,0xc4,0xa7,0x7e,0x3d,0x64,0x5d,0x19,0x73,
+             0x60,0x81,0x4f,0xdc,0x22,0x2a,0x90,0x88,0x46,0xee,0xb8,0x14,0xde,0x5e,0x0b,0xdb,
+             0xe0,0x32,0x3a,0x0a,0x49,0x06,0x24,0x5c,0xc2,0xd3,0xac,0x62,0x91,0x95,0xe4,0x79,
+             0xe7,0xc8,0x37,0x6d,0x8d,0xd5,0x4e,0xa9,0x6c,0x56,0xf4,0xea,0x65,0x7a,0xae,0x08,
+             0xba,0x78,0x25,0x2e,0x1c,0xa6,0xb4,0xc6,0xe8,0xdd,0x74,0x1f,0x4b,0xbd,0x8b,0x8a,
+             0x70,0x3e,0xb5,0x66,0x48,0x03,0xf6,0x0e,0x61,0x35,0x57,0xb9,0x86,0xc1,0x1d,0x9e,
+             0xe1,0xf8,0x98,0x11,0x69,0xd9,0x8e,0x94,0x9b,0x1e,0x87,0xe9,0xce,0x55,0x28,0xdf,
+             0x8c,0xa1,0x89,0x0d,0xbf,0xe6,0x42,0x68,0x41,0x99,0x2d,0x0f,0xb0,0x54,0xbb,0x16].freeze
+
+    # Round Constant used for the Key Expansion [1st col is 2^(r-1) in GF(2^8)]
+    R_CON = [[0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x1b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00],
+             [0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00] ].freeze
+
+    # Block size (in words): no of columns in state (fixed for AES)
+    CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE = 4.freeze
+
+    # AES Cipher function: encrypt 'input' state with Rijndael algorithm
+    # applies Nr rounds (10/12/14) using key schedule w for 'add round key' stage
+    # @param int[] input 16-byte (128-bit) input state array
+    # @param int[][] w   Key schedule as 2D byte-array (Nr+1 x Nb bytes)
+    # @returns int[]     Encrypted output state array
+    def self.cipher(input, w)
+      nr = w.length / CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE - 1      # no of rounds: 10/12/14 for 128/192/256-bit keys
+      state = [[],[],[],[]]                      # initialize 4x4 byte-array 'state' with input
+
+      (0...(4 * CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE)).each do |i|
+        state[i % 4][(i / 4.0).floor] = input[i]
+      end
+
+      state = add_round_key(state, w, 0)
+      (1...nr).each do |round|
+        state = sub_bytes(state)
+        state = shift_rows(state)
+        state = mix_columns(state)
+        state = add_round_key(state, w, round)
+      end
+
+      state = sub_bytes(state)
+      state = shift_rows(state)
+      state = add_round_key(state, w, nr)
+
+      output = []
+      (0...(4 * CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE)).each { |i| output[i] = state[i % 4][(i / 4.0).floor] }
+      output
+    end
+
+    #  Perform Key Expansion to generate a Key Schedule
+    #
+    #  @param int[] key Key as 16/24/32-byte array
+    #  @returns int[][] Expanded key schedule as 2D byte-array (Nr+1 x Nb bytes)
+    def self.key_expansion(key)
+      nk = key.length / 4         # key length (in words): 4/6/8 for 128/192/256-bit keys
+      nr = nk + 6                 # no of rounds: 10/12/14 for 128/192/256-bit keys
+
+      w = []
+      temp = []
+      0.upto(nk - 1){ |i| w[i] = [key[4 * i], key[4 * i + 1], key[4 * i + 2], key[4 * i + 3]] }
+      (nk...(CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE * (nr + 1))).each do |i|
+        w[i] = []
+        0.upto(3){ |t| temp[t] = w[i - 1][t] }
+        if i % nk == 0
+          temp = sub_word(rotate_word(temp))
+          0.upto(3){ |t| temp[t] ^= R_CON[i / nk][t]}
+        elsif nk > 6 && i % nk == 4
+          temp = sub_word(temp)
+        end
+        0.upto(3){ |t| w[i][t] = w[i - nk][t] ^ temp[t] }
+      end
+      w
+    end
+
+    # apply SBox to state
+    def self.sub_bytes(state)
+      0.upto(3) do |r|
+        0.upto(CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE - 1){ |c| state[r][c] = S_BOX[state[r][c]] }
+      end
+      state
+    end
+
+    # shift row r of state S left by r bytes
+    def self.shift_rows(state)
+      t = []
+      1.upto(3) do |r|
+        0.upto(3){ |c| t[c] = state[r][(c + r) % CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE] }     # shift into temp copy
+        0.upto(3){ |c| state[r][c] = t[c] }                               # and copy back
+      end # note that this will work for nb = 4,5,6, but not 7,8 (always 4 for AES):
+      state # see asmaes.sourceforge.net/rijndael/rijndaelImplementation.pdf
+    end
+
+    # combine bytes of each col of state S
+    def self.mix_columns(state)
+      0.upto(3) do |c|
+        a=[]                  # 'a' is a copy of the current column from 'state'
+        b=[]                  # 'b' is a•{02} in GF(2^8)
+        0.upto(3) do |i|
+          a[i] = state[i][c]
+          b[i] = (state[i][c] & 0x80 == 0) ? (state[i][c] << 1) ^ 0x011b : state[i][c] << 1
+        end
+        # a[n] ^ b[n] is a•{03} in GF(2^8)
+        state[0][c] = b[0] ^ a[1] ^ b[1] ^ a[2] ^ a[3]        # 2*a0 + 3*a1 + a2 + a3
+        state[1][c] = a[0] ^ b[1] ^ a[2] ^ b[2] ^ a[3]        # a0 * 2*a1 + 3*a2 + a3
+        state[2][c] = a[0] ^ a[1] ^ b[2] ^ a[3] ^ b[3]        # a0 + a1 + 2*a2 + 3*a3
+        state[3][c] = a[0] ^ b[0] ^ a[1] ^ a[2] ^ b[3]        # 3*a0 + a1 + a2 + 2*a3
+      end
+      state
+    end
+
+    # xor Round Key into state S
+    def self.add_round_key(state, w, rnd)
+      0.upto(3) do |r|
+        0.upto(CIPHER_BLOCK_SIZE - 1){ |c| state[r][c] ^= w[rnd * 4 + c][r]}
+      end
+      state
+    end
+
+    # apply SBox to 4-byte word w
+    def self.sub_word(word)
+      0.upto(3){ |i| word[i] = S_BOX[word[i]] }
+      word
+    end
+
+    # rotate 4-byte word w left by one byte
+    def self.rotate_word(word)
+      tmp = word[0]
+      0.upto(2){ |i| word[i] = word[i + 1] }
+      word[3] = tmp
+      word
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/paygate/aes_ctr.rb

@@ -1,133 +1,133 @@
-require 'base64'
-
-module Paygate
-  class AesCtr
-
-    #  Encrypt a text using AES encryption in Counter mode of operation
-    #
-    #  Unicode multi-byte character safe
-    #
-    #  @param string plaintext Source text to be encrypted
-    #  @param string password  The password to use to generate a key
-    #  @param int num_bits     Number of bits to be used in the key (128, 192, or 256)
-    #  @returns string         Encrypted text
-    def self.encrypt(plaintext, password, num_bits)
-      block_size = 16      # block size fixed at 16 bytes / 128 bits (Nb=4) for AES
-      return '' unless num_bits.in?([128, 192, 256])
-
-      # use AES itself to encrypt password to get cipher key (using plain password as source for key
-      # expansion) - gives us well encrypted key (though hashed key might be preferred for prod'n use)
-      num_bytes = num_bits / 8        # no bytes in key (16/24/32)
-      pw_bytes = []
-      0.upto(num_bytes - 1){ |i| pw_bytes[i] = password.bytes.to_a[i] & 0xff || 0}      # use 1st 16/24/32 chars of password for key #warn
-      key = Aes.cipher(pw_bytes, Aes.key_expansion(pw_bytes))        # gives us 16-byte key
-      key = key + key[0, num_bytes - 16]                             # expand key to 16/24/32 bytes long
-
-      # initialise 1st 8 bytes of counter block with nonce (NIST SP800-38A §B.2): [0-1] = millisec,
-      # [2-3] = random, [4-7] = seconds, together giving full sub-millisec uniqueness up to Feb 2106
-      counter_block = []
-      nonce = Time.now.to_i
-      nonce_ms = nonce % 1000
-      nonce_sec = (nonce / 1000.0).floor
-      nonce_rand = (rand() * 0xffff).floor
-      0.upto(1){ |i| counter_block[i] = urs(nonce_ms, i * 8) & 0xff }
-      0.upto(1){ |i| counter_block[i + 2] = urs(nonce_rand, i * 8) & 0xff }
-      0.upto(3){ |i| counter_block[i + 4] = urs(nonce_sec, i * 8) & 0xff }
-
-      # and convert it to a string to go on the front of the ciphertext
-      ctr_text = ''
-      0.upto(7){ |i| ctr_text += counter_block[i].chr }
-
-      # generate key schedule - an expansion of the key into distinct Key Rounds for each round
-      key_schedule = Aes.key_expansion(key)
-      block_count = (plaintext.length / block_size.to_f).ceil
-
-      cipher_text = []
-      0.upto(block_count - 1) do |b|
-        # set counter (block #) in last 8 bytes of counter block (leaving nonce in 1st 8 bytes)
-        # done in two stages for 32-bit ops: using two words allows us to go past 2^32 blocks (68GB)
-        0.upto(3){ |c| counter_block[15 - c] = urs(b, c * 8) & 0xff }
-        0.upto(3){ |c| counter_block[15 - c - 4] = urs(b / 0x100000000, c * 8) }
-
-        cipher_cntr = Aes.cipher(counter_block, key_schedule) # -- encrypt counter block --
-        # block size is reduced on final block
-        block_length =  b < block_count - 1 ? block_size : (plaintext.length - 1) % block_size + 1
-        cipher_char = []
-        0.upto(block_length - 1) do |i|
-          cipher_char[i] = (cipher_cntr[i] ^ plaintext.bytes.to_a[b * block_size + i]).chr
-        end
-        cipher_text[b] = cipher_char.join
-      end
-
-      cipher_text = ctr_text + cipher_text.join
-      cipher_text = Base64.encode64(cipher_text).gsub(/\n/, '') + "\n";  # encode in base64
-    end
-
-    # Decrypt a text encrypted by AES in counter mode of operation
-    #
-    # @param string ciphertext Source text to be encrypted
-    # @param string password   The password to use to generate a key
-    # @param int nBits      Number of bits to be used in the key (128, 192, or 256)
-    # @returns string
-    #           Decrypted text
-    def self.decrypt(ciphertext, password, nBits)
-      blockSize = 16  # block size fixed at 16 bytes / 128 bits (Nb=4) for AES
-      return '' unless(nBits==128 || nBits==192 || nBits==256)
-      ciphertext = Base64.decode64(ciphertext);
-
-      nBytes = nBits/8  # no bytes in key (16/24/32)
-      pwBytes = []
-      0.upto(nBytes-1){|i| pwBytes[i] = password.bytes.to_a[i] & 0xff || 0}
-      key = Aes.cipher(pwBytes, Aes.key_expansion(pwBytes)) # gives us 16-byte key
-      key = key.concat(key.slice(0, nBytes-16)) # expand key to 16/24/32 bytes long
-      # recover nonce from 1st 8 bytes of ciphertext
-      counterBlock = []
-      ctrTxt = ciphertext[0,8]
-      0.upto(7){|i| counterBlock[i] = ctrTxt.bytes.to_a[i]}
-
-      #generate key Schedule
-      keySchedule = Aes.key_expansion(key);
-
-      # separate ciphertext into blocks (skipping past initial 8 bytes)
-      nBlocks = ((ciphertext.length-8)/blockSize.to_f).ceil
-      ct=[]
-      0.upto(nBlocks-1){|b|ct[b] = ciphertext[8+b*blockSize, 16]}
-
-      ciphertext = ct;  # ciphertext is now array of block-length strings
-
-      # plaintext will get generated block-by-block into array of block-length strings
-      plaintxt = [];
-      0.upto(nBlocks-1) do |b|
-        0.upto(3){|c| counterBlock[15-c] = urs(b,c*8) & 0xff}
-        0.upto(3){|c| counterBlock[15-c-4] = urs((b+1)/(0x100000000-1),c*8) & 0xff}
-        cipherCntr = Aes.cipher(counterBlock, keySchedule)  # encrypt counter block
-        plaintxtByte = []
-        0.upto(ciphertext[b].length - 1) do |i|
-          # -- xor plaintxt with ciphered counter byte-by-byte --
-          plaintxtByte[i] = (cipherCntr[i] ^ ciphertext[b].bytes.to_a[i]).chr;
-        end
-        plaintxt[b] = plaintxtByte.join('')
-      end
-      plaintext = plaintxt.join('')
-    end
-
-    private
-
-     # Unsigned right shift function, since Ruby has neither >>> operator nor unsigned ints
-     #
-     # @param a  number to be shifted (32-bit integer)
-     # @param b  number of bits to shift a to the right (0..31)
-     # @return   a right-shifted and zero-filled by b bits
-    def self.urs(a, b)
-      a &= 0xffffffff
-      b &= 0x1f
-      if a & 0x80000000 && b > 0    # if left-most bit set
-        a = ((a >> 1) & 0x7fffffff) # right-shift one bit & clear left-most bit
-        a = a >> (b - 1)            # remaining right-shifts
-      else                     # otherwise
-        a = (a >> b);            # use normal right-shift
-      end
-      a
-    end
-  end
-end
+require 'base64'
+
+module Paygate
+  class AesCtr
+
+    #  Encrypt a text using AES encryption in Counter mode of operation
+    #
+    #  Unicode multi-byte character safe
+    #
+    #  @param string plaintext Source text to be encrypted
+    #  @param string password  The password to use to generate a key
+    #  @param int num_bits     Number of bits to be used in the key (128, 192, or 256)
+    #  @returns string         Encrypted text
+    def self.encrypt(plaintext, password, num_bits)
+      block_size = 16      # block size fixed at 16 bytes / 128 bits (Nb=4) for AES
+      return '' unless num_bits.in?([128, 192, 256])
+
+      # use AES itself to encrypt password to get cipher key (using plain password as source for key
+      # expansion) - gives us well encrypted key (though hashed key might be preferred for prod'n use)
+      num_bytes = num_bits / 8        # no bytes in key (16/24/32)
+      pw_bytes = []
+      0.upto(num_bytes - 1){ |i| pw_bytes[i] = password.bytes.to_a[i] & 0xff || 0}      # use 1st 16/24/32 chars of password for key #warn
+      key = Aes.cipher(pw_bytes, Aes.key_expansion(pw_bytes))        # gives us 16-byte key
+      key = key + key[0, num_bytes - 16]                             # expand key to 16/24/32 bytes long
+
+      # initialise 1st 8 bytes of counter block with nonce (NIST SP800-38A §B.2): [0-1] = millisec,
+      # [2-3] = random, [4-7] = seconds, together giving full sub-millisec uniqueness up to Feb 2106
+      counter_block = []
+      nonce = Time.now.to_i
+      nonce_ms = nonce % 1000
+      nonce_sec = (nonce / 1000.0).floor
+      nonce_rand = (rand() * 0xffff).floor
+      0.upto(1){ |i| counter_block[i] = urs(nonce_ms, i * 8) & 0xff }
+      0.upto(1){ |i| counter_block[i + 2] = urs(nonce_rand, i * 8) & 0xff }
+      0.upto(3){ |i| counter_block[i + 4] = urs(nonce_sec, i * 8) & 0xff }
+
+      # and convert it to a string to go on the front of the ciphertext
+      ctr_text = ''
+      0.upto(7){ |i| ctr_text += counter_block[i].chr }
+
+      # generate key schedule - an expansion of the key into distinct Key Rounds for each round
+      key_schedule = Aes.key_expansion(key)
+      block_count = (plaintext.length / block_size.to_f).ceil
+
+      cipher_text = []
+      0.upto(block_count - 1) do |b|
+        # set counter (block #) in last 8 bytes of counter block (leaving nonce in 1st 8 bytes)
+        # done in two stages for 32-bit ops: using two words allows us to go past 2^32 blocks (68GB)
+        0.upto(3){ |c| counter_block[15 - c] = urs(b, c * 8) & 0xff }
+        0.upto(3){ |c| counter_block[15 - c - 4] = urs(b / 0x100000000, c * 8) }
+
+        cipher_cntr = Aes.cipher(counter_block, key_schedule) # -- encrypt counter block --
+        # block size is reduced on final block
+        block_length =  b < block_count - 1 ? block_size : (plaintext.length - 1) % block_size + 1
+        cipher_char = []
+        0.upto(block_length - 1) do |i|
+          cipher_char[i] = (cipher_cntr[i] ^ plaintext.bytes.to_a[b * block_size + i]).chr
+        end
+        cipher_text[b] = cipher_char.join
+      end
+
+      cipher_text = ctr_text + cipher_text.join
+      cipher_text = Base64.encode64(cipher_text).gsub(/\n/, '') + "\n";  # encode in base64
+    end
+
+    # Decrypt a text encrypted by AES in counter mode of operation
+    #
+    # @param string ciphertext Source text to be encrypted
+    # @param string password   The password to use to generate a key
+    # @param int nBits      Number of bits to be used in the key (128, 192, or 256)
+    # @returns string
+    #           Decrypted text
+    def self.decrypt(ciphertext, password, nBits)
+      blockSize = 16  # block size fixed at 16 bytes / 128 bits (Nb=4) for AES
+      return '' unless(nBits==128 || nBits==192 || nBits==256)
+      ciphertext = Base64.decode64(ciphertext);
+
+      nBytes = nBits/8  # no bytes in key (16/24/32)
+      pwBytes = []
+      0.upto(nBytes-1){|i| pwBytes[i] = password.bytes.to_a[i] & 0xff || 0}
+      key = Aes.cipher(pwBytes, Aes.key_expansion(pwBytes)) # gives us 16-byte key
+      key = key.concat(key.slice(0, nBytes-16)) # expand key to 16/24/32 bytes long
+      # recover nonce from 1st 8 bytes of ciphertext
+      counterBlock = []
+      ctrTxt = ciphertext[0,8]
+      0.upto(7){|i| counterBlock[i] = ctrTxt.bytes.to_a[i]}
+
+      #generate key Schedule
+      keySchedule = Aes.key_expansion(key);
+
+      # separate ciphertext into blocks (skipping past initial 8 bytes)
+      nBlocks = ((ciphertext.length-8)/blockSize.to_f).ceil
+      ct=[]
+      0.upto(nBlocks-1){|b|ct[b] = ciphertext[8+b*blockSize, 16]}
+
+      ciphertext = ct;  # ciphertext is now array of block-length strings
+
+      # plaintext will get generated block-by-block into array of block-length strings
+      plaintxt = [];
+      0.upto(nBlocks-1) do |b|
+        0.upto(3){|c| counterBlock[15-c] = urs(b,c*8) & 0xff}
+        0.upto(3){|c| counterBlock[15-c-4] = urs((b+1)/(0x100000000-1),c*8) & 0xff}
+        cipherCntr = Aes.cipher(counterBlock, keySchedule)  # encrypt counter block
+        plaintxtByte = []
+        0.upto(ciphertext[b].length - 1) do |i|
+          # -- xor plaintxt with ciphered counter byte-by-byte --
+          plaintxtByte[i] = (cipherCntr[i] ^ ciphertext[b].bytes.to_a[i]).chr;
+        end
+        plaintxt[b] = plaintxtByte.join('')
+      end
+      plaintext = plaintxt.join('')
+    end
+
+    private
+
+     # Unsigned right shift function, since Ruby has neither >>> operator nor unsigned ints
+     #
+     # @param a  number to be shifted (32-bit integer)
+     # @param b  number of bits to shift a to the right (0..31)
+     # @return   a right-shifted and zero-filled by b bits
+    def self.urs(a, b)
+      a &= 0xffffffff
+      b &= 0x1f
+      if a & 0x80000000 && b > 0    # if left-most bit set
+        a = ((a >> 1) & 0x7fffffff) # right-shift one bit & clear left-most bit
+        a = a >> (b - 1)            # remaining right-shifts
+      else                     # otherwise
+        a = (a >> b);            # use normal right-shift
+      end
+      a
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/paygate/configuration.rb

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
-module Paygate
-  class Configuration
-    MODES = %i(live sandbox).freeze
-
-    attr_reader :mode
-
-    def initialize
-      @mode = :live
-    end
-
-    def mode=(value)
-      fail 'Invalid mode. Value must be one of the following: :live, :sandbox' unless value && MODES.include?(value.to_sym)
-      @mode = value.to_sym
-    end
-  end
-end
+module Paygate
+  class Configuration
+    MODES = %i(live sandbox).freeze
+
+    attr_reader :mode
+
+    def initialize
+      @mode = :live
+    end
+
+    def mode=(value)
+      fail 'Invalid mode. Value must be one of the following: :live, :sandbox' unless value && MODES.include?(value.to_sym)
+      @mode = value.to_sym
+    end
+  end
+end