passenger 5.0.0.beta3 → 5.0.0.rc1

checksums.yaml

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data/.editorconfig

@@ -7,8 +7,9 @@ end_of_line = lf
 charset = utf-8
 
 [bin/*]
-indent_style=tab
-indent_size=4
+indent_style=space
+indent_size=2
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true
 
 [doc/*.txt]
 indent_style=tab
@@ -43,11 +44,11 @@ trim_trailing_whitespace = true
 insert_final_newline = true
 
 [*.rb]
-indent_style = tab
-indent_size = 4
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 2
 trim_trailing_whitespace = true
 
-[lib/phusion_passenger/utils/json.rb]
+[config.ru]
 indent_style = space
 indent_size = 2
 trim_trailing_whitespace = true
@@ -74,3 +75,8 @@ trim_trailing_whitespace = false
 indent_style = space
 indent_size = 2
 trim_trailing_whitespace = false
+
+[resources/templates/standalone/config.erb]
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4
+trim_trailing_whitespace = true

data/CHANGELOG

@@ -1,3 +1,25 @@
+Release 5.0.0 release candidate 1
+---------------------------------
+
+ * Fixed Date headers not being formatted in the GMT timezone. Closes GH-1367.
+ * Fixed Passengerfile.json/passenger-standalone.json not being properly loaded in Passenger Standalone.
+ * Fixed support for sticky sessions.
+ * Fixed an infinite loop if the ApplicationPool garbage collector fails due to an exception. Closes GH-1360.
+ * Fixed Passenger Standalone exiting prematurely when the HelperAgent crashes. Exiting prematurely is not supposed to happen because the watchdog will restart the HelperAgent. Closes GH-1339.
+ * Fixed a crash that occurs when using a non-standard startup file value. Closes GH-1378.
+ * When dumping system metrics during error page generation, the `passenger-config` command is now invoked under the same Ruby interpreter as the app, instead of the one in PATH. Closes GH-1381.
+ * When a Ruby process crashes due to an uncaught exception, this fact is now properly logged.
+ * Specifying 0 for the `max_pool_size` config option no longer results in a crash. Closes GH-1334.
+ * The timeouts when downloading Passenger Standalone binaries and source files are now customizable. Closes GH-1295.
+ * The `envvars` option is now supported in Passengerfile.json, for passing environment variables to the application. Closes GH-1377.
+ * Introduced `hook_queue_full_error` for request queue overflows. Closes GH-1358.
+ * [Ruby] Fixed handling of "transfer-encoding chunked" response bodies which contain zero-sized chunks.
+ * [Nginx] It is no longer necessary to re-specify `passenger_enabled` in `location` contexts. Closes GH-1338.
+ * [Enterprise] Fixed a bug in mass deployment reloading.
+ * [Enterprise] Fixed a bug in mass deployment daemonization.
+ * [Enterprise] The mass deployment mode now supports the `app_type` and `startup_file` configuration options in Passengerfile.json/passenger-standalone.json. Closes GH-1366.
+
+
 Release 5.0.0 beta 3
 --------------------
 
@@ -60,6 +82,22 @@ Minor changes:
  * [Standalone] `passenger-standalone.json`/`Passengerfile.json` no longer overrides command line options. Instead, command line options now have the highest priority.
 
 
+Release 4.0.60
+--------------
+
+ * Fixed the password protection of internal Phusion Passenger processes.
+
+   For security reasons, Phusion Passenger limits access to internal processes, by using Unix file permissions and randomly generated passwords that only authorized internal processes know. It turns out that this password wasn't set correctly, which has now been fixed. There was no security vulnerability, because the file permissions already provide sufficient security. The password only serves as an extra layer of security just in case there is a problem with the former.
+
+   This issue is not at all related to any application-level security or application-level passwords. Any database passwords, keys, or secrets used and generated by applications have got nothing to do with the nature of this issue. This issue only relates to some randomly generated passwords that Passenger uses internally, for its internal operations.
+
+
+Release 4.0.59
+--------------
+
+ * [Enterprise] Fixed support for free-style Node.js apps.
+
+
 Release 4.0.58
 --------------
 

data/CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -329,10 +329,7 @@ Less important directories:
 <a name="ruby_coding_style"></a>
 ### Ruby coding style
 
-The usual Ruby coding style applies, with some exceptions:
-
- * Use 4-space tabs for indentation.
- * Return values explicitly with `return`.
+The usual Ruby coding style applies. That is, 2 spaces for indenting.
 
 <a name="systems_programming_fundamentals"></a>
 ### Systems programming fundamentals

data/Gemfile

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ source 'https://rubygems.org/'
 group :base do
 	gem 'mime-types', '1.25'
 	gem 'rspec', '2.14.1'
-	gem 'daemon_controller'
 	gem 'rake'
 	gem 'drake'
 	gem 'json'

data/Gemfile.lock

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ GEM
   specs:
     bluecloth (2.2.0)
     comp_tree (1.1.3)
-    daemon_controller (1.2.0)
     diff-lcs (1.2.5)
     drake (0.9.2.0.3.1)
       comp_tree (>= 1.1.3)
@@ -30,7 +29,6 @@ PLATFORMS
 
 DEPENDENCIES
   bluecloth
-  daemon_controller
   drake
   json
   mime-types (= 1.25)

data/Rakefile

@@ -22,58 +22,58 @@ $LOAD_PATH.unshift("#{source_root}/lib")
 # Otherwise all Ruby commands will take slightly longer to start, which messes up
 # timing-sensitive tests like those in the C++ test suite.
 if defined?(Bundler)
-	clean_env = nil
-	Bundler.with_clean_env do
-		clean_env = ENV.to_hash
-	end
-	ENV.replace(clean_env)
-	ARGV.each do |arg|
-		if arg =~ /^(\w+)=(.*)$/m
-			ENV[$1] = $2
-		end
-	end
+  clean_env = nil
+  Bundler.with_clean_env do
+    clean_env = ENV.to_hash
+  end
+  ENV.replace(clean_env)
+  ARGV.each do |arg|
+    if arg =~ /^(\w+)=(.*)$/m
+      ENV[$1] = $2
+    end
+  end
 end
 
 require "#{source_root}/config" if File.exist?("#{source_root}/config.rb")
 require 'build/basics'
 if boolean_option('ONLY_RUBY')
-	require 'build/ruby_extension'
+  require 'build/ruby_extension'
 else
-	require 'build/ruby_extension'
-	require 'build/common_library'
-	require 'build/agents'
-	require 'build/apache2'
-	require 'build/nginx'
-	require 'build/documentation'
-	require 'build/packaging'
-	require 'build/test_basics'
-	require 'build/oxt_tests'
-	require 'build/cxx_tests'
-	require 'build/ruby_tests'
-	require 'build/node_tests'
-	require 'build/integration_tests'
-	require 'build/misc'
-	require 'build/debian'
+  require 'build/ruby_extension'
+  require 'build/common_library'
+  require 'build/agents'
+  require 'build/apache2'
+  require 'build/nginx'
+  require 'build/documentation'
+  require 'build/packaging'
+  require 'build/test_basics'
+  require 'build/oxt_tests'
+  require 'build/cxx_tests'
+  require 'build/ruby_tests'
+  require 'build/node_tests'
+  require 'build/integration_tests'
+  require 'build/misc'
+  require 'build/debian'
 end
 
 #### Default tasks
 
 task :default do
-	abort "Please type one of:\n" +
-		"  rake apache2\n" +
-		"  rake nginx"
+  abort "Please type one of:\n" +
+    "  rake apache2\n" +
+    "  rake nginx"
 end
 
 desc "Remove compiled files"
 task :clean => 'clean:cache' do
-	if OUTPUT_DIR == "buildout/"
-		sh "rm -rf buildout"
-	end
+  if OUTPUT_DIR == "buildout/"
+    sh "rm -rf buildout"
+  end
 end
 
 task 'common:clean' => 'clean:cache'
 task 'clean:cache' do
-	sh "rm -rf #{OUTPUT_DIR}cache"
+  sh "rm -rf #{OUTPUT_DIR}cache"
 end
 
 desc "Remove all generated files"

data/bin/passenger

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 source_root = File.expand_path("..", File.dirname(__FILE__))
 $LOAD_PATH.unshift("#{source_root}/lib")
 begin
-	require 'rubygems'
+  require 'rubygems'
 rescue LoadError
 end
 require 'phusion_passenger'

data/bin/passenger-config

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 source_root = File.expand_path("..", File.dirname(__FILE__))
 $LOAD_PATH.unshift("#{source_root}/lib")
 begin
-	require 'rubygems'
+  require 'rubygems'
 rescue LoadError
 end
 require 'phusion_passenger'

data/bin/passenger-install-apache2-module

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 source_root = File.expand_path("..", File.dirname(__FILE__))
 $LOAD_PATH.unshift("#{source_root}/lib")
 begin
-	require 'rubygems'
+  require 'rubygems'
 rescue LoadError
 end
 require 'phusion_passenger'
@@ -51,818 +51,818 @@ PhusionPassenger.require_passenger_lib 'abstract_installer'
 PhusionPassenger.require_passenger_lib 'utils/terminal_choice_menu'
 
 class Installer < PhusionPassenger::AbstractInstaller
-	include PhusionPassenger
-	TerminalChoiceMenu = PhusionPassenger::Utils::TerminalChoiceMenu
-
-	AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK = "### Begin automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} load snippet ###"
-	AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK   = "### End automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} load snippet ###"
-	AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK = "### Begin automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} config snippet ###"
-	AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK   = "### End automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} config snippet ###"
-
-	def dependencies
-		specs = [
-			'depcheck_specs/compiler_toolchain',
-			'depcheck_specs/ruby',
-			'depcheck_specs/gems',
-			'depcheck_specs/libs',
-			'depcheck_specs/apache2'
-		]
-		ids = [
-			'cc',
-			'c++',
-			'libcurl-dev',
-			'openssl-dev',
-			'zlib-dev',
-			'apache2',
-			'apache2-dev',
-			'rake',
-			'ruby-openssl',
-			'rubygems'
-		]
-		if @languages.include?("ruby")
-			if PlatformInfo.passenger_needs_ruby_dev_header?
-				ids << 'ruby-dev'
-			end
-			ids << 'rack'
-		end
-		# Some broken servers don't have apr-config or apu-config installed.
-		# Nevertheless, it is possible to compile Apache modules if Apache
-		# was configured with --included-apr. So here we check whether
-		# apr-config and apu-config are available. If they're not available,
-		# then we only register them as required dependency if no Apache
-		# module can be compiled without their presence.
-		if (PlatformInfo.apr_config && PlatformInfo.apu_config) ||
-		   PlatformInfo.apr_config_needed_for_building_apache_modules?
-			ids << 'apr-dev'
-			ids << 'apu-dev'
-		end
-		return [specs, ids]
-	end
-	
-	def users_guide_path
-		return PhusionPassenger.apache2_doc_path
-	end
-
-	def users_guide_url
-		return APACHE2_DOC_URL
-	end
-	
-	def run_steps
-		if PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir.nil?
-			# Invariant: PhusionPassenger.custom_packaged?
-			if apache_module_available?
-				notify_apache_module_installed
-				show_deployment_example
-			else
-				install_apache_module_from_native_package || exit(1)
-			end
-			exit
-		end
-		
-		Dir.chdir(PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir)
-		show_welcome_screen
-		query_interested_languages
-		check_gem_install_permission_problems || exit(1)
-		check_directory_accessible_by_web_server
-		check_dependencies || exit(1)
-		check_whether_there_are_multiple_apache_installs || exit
-		check_whether_apache_uses_compatible_mpm
-		check_whether_os_is_broken
-		check_whether_system_has_enough_ram
-		check_write_permission_to_passenger_root || exit(1)
-		check_write_permission_to_web_server_config_files || exit(1)
-		if compile_apache2_module
-			install_apache2_config_snippets || exit(1)
-			show_deployment_example
-		else
-			show_possible_solutions_for_compilation_and_installation_problems
-			exit(1)
-		end
-	end
+  include PhusionPassenger
+  TerminalChoiceMenu = PhusionPassenger::Utils::TerminalChoiceMenu
+
+  AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK = "### Begin automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} load snippet ###"
+  AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK   = "### End automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} load snippet ###"
+  AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK = "### Begin automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} config snippet ###"
+  AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK   = "### End automatically installed #{PROGRAM_NAME} config snippet ###"
+
+  def dependencies
+    specs = [
+      'depcheck_specs/compiler_toolchain',
+      'depcheck_specs/ruby',
+      'depcheck_specs/gems',
+      'depcheck_specs/libs',
+      'depcheck_specs/apache2'
+    ]
+    ids = [
+      'cc',
+      'c++',
+      'libcurl-dev',
+      'openssl-dev',
+      'zlib-dev',
+      'apache2',
+      'apache2-dev',
+      'rake',
+      'ruby-openssl',
+      'rubygems'
+    ]
+    if @languages.include?("ruby")
+      if PlatformInfo.passenger_needs_ruby_dev_header?
+        ids << 'ruby-dev'
+      end
+      ids << 'rack'
+    end
+    # Some broken servers don't have apr-config or apu-config installed.
+    # Nevertheless, it is possible to compile Apache modules if Apache
+    # was configured with --included-apr. So here we check whether
+    # apr-config and apu-config are available. If they're not available,
+    # then we only register them as required dependency if no Apache
+    # module can be compiled without their presence.
+    if (PlatformInfo.apr_config && PlatformInfo.apu_config) ||
+       PlatformInfo.apr_config_needed_for_building_apache_modules?
+      ids << 'apr-dev'
+      ids << 'apu-dev'
+    end
+    return [specs, ids]
+  end
+
+  def users_guide_path
+    return PhusionPassenger.apache2_doc_path
+  end
+
+  def users_guide_url
+    return APACHE2_DOC_URL
+  end
+
+  def run_steps
+    if PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir.nil?
+      # Invariant: PhusionPassenger.custom_packaged?
+      if apache_module_available?
+        notify_apache_module_installed
+        show_deployment_example
+      else
+        install_apache_module_from_native_package || exit(1)
+      end
+      exit
+    end
+
+    Dir.chdir(PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir)
+    show_welcome_screen
+    query_interested_languages
+    check_gem_install_permission_problems || exit(1)
+    check_directory_accessible_by_web_server
+    check_dependencies || exit(1)
+    check_whether_there_are_multiple_apache_installs || exit
+    check_whether_apache_uses_compatible_mpm
+    check_whether_os_is_broken
+    check_whether_system_has_enough_ram
+    check_write_permission_to_passenger_root || exit(1)
+    check_write_permission_to_web_server_config_files || exit(1)
+    if compile_apache2_module
+      install_apache2_config_snippets || exit(1)
+      show_deployment_example
+    else
+      show_possible_solutions_for_compilation_and_installation_problems
+      exit(1)
+    end
+  end
 
 private
-	def show_welcome_screen
-		render_template 'apache2/welcome', :version => VERSION_STRING
-		wait
-	end
-
-	def query_interested_languages
-		menu = TerminalChoiceMenu.new(["Ruby", "Python", "Node.js", "Meteor"])
-		menu["Ruby"].checked = interesting_language?('ruby')
-		menu["Python"].checked = interesting_language?('python')
-		menu["Node.js"].checked = interesting_language?('nodejs', 'node')
-		menu["Meteor"].checked = interesting_language?('meteor')
-
-		new_screen
-		puts "<banner>Which languages are you interested in?</banner>"
-		puts
-		if interactive?
-			puts "Use <space> to select."
-			puts "<dgray>If the menu doesn't display correctly, press '!'</dgray>"
-		else
-			puts "Override selection with --languages."
-		end
-		puts
-
-		if interactive?
-			begin
-				menu.query
-			rescue Interrupt
-				raise Abort
-			end
-		else
-			menu.display_choices
-			puts
-		end
-
-		@languages = menu.selected_choices.map{ |x| x.downcase.gsub(/\./, '') }
-	end
-
-	def interesting_language?(name, command = nil)
-		if @languages
-			return @languages.include?(name)
-		else
-			return !!PlatformInfo.find_command(command || name)
-		end
-	end
-
-	def check_whether_there_are_multiple_apache_installs
-		new_screen
-		puts '<banner>Sanity checking Apache installation...</banner>'
-
-		output = StringIO.new
-		detector = PlatformInfo::ApacheDetector.new(output)
-		begin
-			detector.detect_all
-			detector.report
-			@apache2 = detector.result_for(PlatformInfo.apxs2)
-			if @apache2.nil?
-				render_template 'apache2/apache_install_broken',
-					:apxs2 => PlatformInfo.apxs2,
-					:sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
-					:ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
-					:passenger_config => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-config"
-				return false
-			end
-			if detector.results.size > 1
-				other_installs = detector.results - [@apache2]
-				render_template 'apache2/multiple_apache_installations_detected',
-					:current => @apache2,
-					:other_installs => other_installs
-				puts
-				if interactive?
-					result = prompt_confirmation "Are you sure you want to install " +
-						"against Apache #{@apache2.version} (#{@apache2.apxs2})?"
-					if !result
-						puts
-						line
-						render_template 'apache2/installing_against_a_different_apache',
-							:other_installs => other_installs
-					end
-					return result
-				else
-					puts '<yellow>Continuing installation because --auto is given.</yellow>'
-					return true
-				end
-			else
-				puts '<green>All good!</green>'
-				return true
-			end
-		ensure
-			detector.finish
-		end
-	end
-	
-	def check_whether_apache_uses_compatible_mpm
-		# 'httpd -V' output is in the form of:
-		#
-		# Server MPM:      Prefork     # <--- this line is not always available!
-		# ...
-		# Server compiled with....
-		#  -D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/prefork"
-		output = PlatformInfo.httpd_V
-		output =~ /^Server MPM: +(.*)$/
-		if $1
-			mpm = $1.downcase
-		else
-			output =~ /APACHE_MPM_DIR="server\/mpm\/(.*)"/
-			if $1
-				mpm = $1.downcase
-			else
-				mpm = nil
-			end
-		end
-		if mpm != "prefork" && mpm != "worker" && mpm != "event"
-			new_screen
-			render_template 'apache2/apache_must_be_compiled_with_compatible_mpm',
-				:current_mpm => mpm
-			wait
-		end
-	end
-	
-	def check_write_permission_to_passenger_root
-		File.new("__test__.txt", "w").close
-		return true
-	rescue SystemCallError
-		puts
-		line
-		if Process.uid == 0
-			render_template 'installer_common/cannot_access_files_as_root',
-				:type => "directory",
-				:files => [PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir]
-		else
-			render_template 'installer_common/run_installer_as_root',
-				:dir  => PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir,
-				:sudo => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_command,
-				:sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
-				:ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
-				:installer => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-install-apache2-module #{ORIG_ARGV.join(' ')}"
-		end
-		return false
-	ensure
-		File.unlink("__test__.txt") rescue nil
-	end
-
-	def check_write_permission_to_web_server_config_files
-		return true if !@update_config
-		config_file = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
-		return if !config_file || !File.exist?(config_file)
-
-		all_config_files = PlatformInfo.httpd_included_config_files(config_file)
-		if all_config_files[:unreadable_files].any?
-			puts
-			line
-			if Process.uid == 0
-				render_template 'installer_common/cannot_access_files_as_root',
-					:access => "read from",
-					:files => all_config_files[:unreadable_files]
-			else
-				render_template 'installer_common/run_installer_as_root',
-					:access => "read from",
-					:desc => "an Apache configuration file",
-					:sudo => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_command,
-					:sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
-					:ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
-					:installer => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-install-apache2-module #{ORIG_ARGV.join(' ')}"
-			end
-			puts
-			render_template 'apache2/present_choice_for_no_update_config'
-			return false
-		end
-
-		unwriteable_files = []
-		all_config_files[:files].each do |filename|
-			if !File.writable_real?(filename)
-				unwriteable_files << filename
-			end
-		end
-		if unwriteable_files.empty?
-			return true
-		else
-			puts
-			line
-			if Process.uid == 0
-				render_template 'installer_common/cannot_access_files_as_root',
-					:files => unwriteable_files
-			else
-				render_template 'installer_common/run_installer_as_root',
-					:desc => "an Apache configuration file",
-					:sudo => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_command,
-					:sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
-					:ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
-					:installer => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-install-apache2-module #{ORIG_ARGV.join(' ')}"
-			end
-			puts
-			render_template 'apache2/present_choice_for_no_update_config'
-			return false
-		end
-	end
-	
-	def compile_apache2_module
-		puts
-		line
-		puts '<banner>Compiling and installing Apache 2 module...</banner>'
-		if @compile
-			puts "cd #{PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir}"
-			if ENV['TRACE']
-				rake = "#{PlatformInfo.rake_command} --trace RELEASE=yes"
-			else
-				rake = "#{PlatformInfo.rake_command} RELEASE=yes"
-			end
-			command = "env NOEXEC_DISABLE=1 #{rake} apache2:clean apache2"
-			if PhusionPassenger.packaging_method == "homebrew"
-				# Running apache2:clean deletes some object files needed
-				# by passenger-install-nginx-module, so we ensure those
-				# object files are compiled.
-				command << " nginx"
-			end
-			return sh(command)
-		else
-			puts "Skipping compilation"
-			return true
-		end
-	end
-	
-	def load_snippet
-		return "LoadModule passenger_module #{PhusionPassenger.apache2_module_path}"
-	end
-
-	def config_snippet
-		return "<IfModule mod_passenger.c>\n" +
-			"  PassengerRoot #{PhusionPassenger.install_spec}\n" +
-			"  PassengerDefaultRuby #{PlatformInfo.ruby_command}\n" +
-			"</IfModule>"
-	end
-
-	def apache2_config_snippets
-		return "#{load_snippet}\n#{config_snippet}\n"
-	end
-
-	def backup_config_files(config_file, all_config_files)
-		now = Time.now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S")
-		archive = "#{config_file}.#{GLOBAL_NAMESPACE_DIRNAME}-backup-#{now}.tar.gz"
-		backup_files = all_config_files.dup
-
-		# Some people create a regular file in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled, for convenience
-		# reasons. This file is not actually managed by a2enmod. We will remove such files
-		# because we're going to use mods-eanbled ourselves, so we need to back them up.
-		if (dir = PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_enabled_directory) && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-			if File.file?("#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load")
-				backup_files << "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
-			end
-			if File.file?("#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf")
-				backup_files << "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
-			end
-		end
-
-		puts "Backing up existing configuration files to #{archive}..."
-		backup_files.uniq!
-		backup_files.map! { |x| x.sub(/^\//, '') }
-		Dir.chdir("/") do
-			sh! "tar", "-czf", archive, *backup_files
-		end
-	end
-
-	def uninstall_or_comment_out_existing_config_snippets(all_config_files)
-		files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks = []
-		files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks = []
-
-		# Some people create a regular file in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled, for convenience
-		# reasons. This file is not actually managed by a2enmod. We remove such files
-		# because we're going to use mods-enabled ourselves. They've already been backed up.
-		if (dir = PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_enabled_directory) && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-			filename = "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
-			if File.file?(filename) && !File.symlink?(filename)
-				puts "Removing #{filename}"
-				File.unlink(filename)
-			end
-			filename = "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
-			if File.file?(filename) && !File.symlink?(filename)
-				puts "Removing #{filename}"
-				File.unlink(filename)
-			end
-		end
-
-		# Uncomment Phusion Passenger config snippets.
-		all_config_files.each do |filename|
-			next if !File.exist?(filename)
-
-			contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
-				f.read
-			end
-			if contents =~ /#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK}.*?#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK}/m
-				files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks << filename
-			end
-			if contents =~ /#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK}.*?#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK}/m
-				files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks << filename
-			end
-			subst1 = contents.gsub!(/^([ \t]*LoadModule[ \t]+passenger_module[ \t]+.*)$/i, '# \1')
-			subst2 = contents.gsub!(/^([ \t]*PassengerRoot[ \t]+.*)$/i, '# \1')
-			subst3 = contents.gsub!(/^([ \t]*PassengerDefaultRuby[ \t]+.*)$/i, '# \1')
-			if subst1 || subst2 || subst3
-				puts "Uninstalling previous #{PROGRAM_NAME} from #{filename}..."
-				File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
-					f.write(contents)
-				end
-			end
-		end
-
-		# If there are multiple auto-install comment blocks, remove the duplicates.
-		# First, we remove all comment blocks from all files besides the first one.
-		if files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks.size > 1
-			files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks[1..-1].each do |filename|
-				puts "Removing duplicate load snippets from #{filename}..."
-				remove_comment_blocks(filename,
-					AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-					AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
-			end
-		end
-		if files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks.size > 1
-			files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks[1..-1].each do |filename|
-				puts "Removing duplicate conf snippets from #{filename}..."
-				remove_comment_blocks(filename,
-					AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-					AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
-			end
-		end
-
-		# Then we are left with exactly 0 or exactly 1 file with comment blocks
-		# of each type. There may be duplicates inside that single file, so
-		# remove duplicates there too.
-		if files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks.size > 0
-			filename = files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks[0]
-			puts "Removing duplicate load snippets inside #{filename}..."
-			remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
-		end
-		if files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks.size > 0
-			filename = files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks[0]
-			puts "Removing duplicate configuration snippets inside #{filename}..."
-			remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
-		end
-
-		# One or more files may have been removed, so filter out the ones
-		# that are left.
-		all_config_files.reject! do |filename|
-			!File.exist?(filename)
-		end
-	end
-
-	def remove_comment_blocks(filename, begin_marker, end_marker)
-		contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
-			f.read
-		end
-		regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
-		contents.gsub!(regexp, '')
-		File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
-			f.write(contents)
-		end
-	end
-
-	def remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename, begin_marker, end_marker)
-		contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
-			f.read
-		end
-		regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
-		if m = regexp.match(contents)
-			offset = m.end(0)
-			rest = contents.slice!(m.end(0) .. -1)
-			rest.gsub!(regexp, '')
-			contents << rest
-			File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
-				f.write(contents)
-			end
-		end
-	end
-
-	def add_new_config_snippets(all_config_files)
-		# Look for the file containing the auto-install load and conf comment blocks.
-		# The uninstall_or_comment_out_existing_config_snippets method has already
-		# guaranteed that there is at most 1 file per comment block type, and that
-		# inside each file there are no duplicate comment blocks.
-		load_block_file = find_config_file_containing_comment_block(all_config_files,
-			AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-			AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
-		conf_block_file = find_config_file_containing_comment_block(all_config_files,
-			AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-			AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
-		if load_block_file && conf_block_file
-			puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet inside #{load_block_file}..."
-			update_comment_block(load_block_file,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK,
-				load_snippet)
-			puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} configuration snippet inside #{conf_block_file}..."
-			update_comment_block(conf_block_file,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK,
-				config_snippet)
-		elsif !load_block_file && !conf_block_file
-			create_load_snippet_file(:maybe_in_mods_available)
-			create_conf_snippet_file(:maybe_in_mods_available)
-			if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-				sh! "#{PlatformInfo.a2enmod} #{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}"
-			end
-		# It looks like either the load or conf file isn't available.
-		# If the file that is available is inside mods-available, then it
-		# means that the mods-available files are broken.
-		elsif is_file_inside_mods_available?(load_block_file, "#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load") ||
-		      is_file_inside_mods_available?(conf_block_file, "#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf")
-			# We fix it if a2enmod is available. Otherwise, we remove the block.
-			if PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-				if !load_block_file
-					create_load_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
-				else
-					create_conf_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
-				end
-			else
-				if load_block_file
-					puts "Removing load snippets from #{filename}..."
-					remove_comment_blocks(load_block_file,
-						AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-						AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
-				else
-					puts "Removing configuration snippets from #{filename}..."
-					remove_comment_blocks(conf_block_file,
-						AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-						AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
-				end
-				create_load_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
-				create_conf_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
-			end
-			sh! "#{PlatformInfo.a2enmod} passenger"
-		else
-			if !load_block_file
-				create_load_snippet_file(:not_in_mods_available)
-				puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} configuration snippet inside #{conf_block_file}..."
-				update_comment_block(conf_block_file,
-					AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-					AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK,
-					config_snippet)
-			else
-				create_conf_snippet_file(:not_in_mods_available)
-				puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet inside #{load_block_file}..."
-				update_comment_block(load_block_file,
-					AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-					AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK,
-					load_snippet)
-			end
-		end
-	end
-
-	def find_config_file_containing_comment_block(all_config_files, begin_marker, end_marker)
-		regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}/m
-		all_config_files.each do |filename|
-			contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
-				f.read
-			end
-			if contents =~ regexp
-				return filename
-			end
-		end
-		return nil
-	end
-
-	def update_comment_block(filename, begin_marker, end_marker, block_contents)
-		regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
-		contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
-			f.read
-		end
-		if contents.sub!(regexp, "#{begin_marker}\n#{block_contents}\n#{end_marker}\n")
-			File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
-				f.write(contents)
-			end
-			return true
-		else
-			return false
-		end
-	end
-
-	def remove_comment_blocks(filename, begin_marker, end_marker)
-		regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
-		contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
-			f.read
-		end
-		contents.gsub!(regexp, "")
-		File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
-			f.write(contents)
-		end
-	end
-
-	def is_file_inside_mods_available?(filename, basename)
-		if dir = PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory
-			return filename == "#{dir}/#{basename}"
-		else
-			return false
-		end
-	end
-
-	def create_load_snippet_file(where)
-		case where
-		when :maybe_in_mods_available
-			if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-				filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
-			else
-				filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
-			end
-		when :must_be_in_mods_available
-			if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-				filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
-			else
-				raise "Apache does not support the mods-available directory"
-			end
-		when :not_in_mods_available
-			filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
-		else
-			raise ArgumentError
-		end
-
-		if File.exist?(filename)
-			# If this is a file inside mods-available, and the file didn't have a symlink
-			# in mods-enabled, then the uninstall phase did not remove duplicates from this
-			# file. So here we remove duplicates again.
-			puts "Removing duplicate load snippets inside #{filename}..."
-			remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
-
-			puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet to #{filename}..."
-			should_add = !update_comment_block(filename,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK,
-				load_snippet)
-		else
-			puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet to #{filename}..."
-			should_add = true
-		end
-		if should_add
-			File.open(filename, "ab") do |f|
-				f.write("\n#{AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK}\n" +
-					"#{load_snippet}\n" +
-					"#{AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK}\n")
-			end
-		end
-	end
-
-	def create_conf_snippet_file(where)
-		case where
-		when :maybe_in_mods_available
-			if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-				filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
-			else
-				filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
-			end
-		when :must_be_in_mods_available
-			if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
-				filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
-			else
-				raise "Apache does not support the mods-available directory"
-			end
-		when :not_in_mods_available
-			filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
-		else
-			raise ArgumentError
-		end
-
-		if File.exist?(filename)
-			# If this is a file inside mods-available, and the file didn't have a symlink
-			# in mods-enabled, then the uninstall phase did not remove duplicates from this
-			# file. So here we remove duplicates again.
-			puts "Removing duplicate configuration snippets inside #{filename}..."
-			remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
-
-			puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module configuration snippet to #{filename}..."
-			should_add = !update_comment_block(filename,
-				AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
-				AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK,
-				config_snippet)
-		else
-			puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module configuration snippet to #{filename}..."
-			should_add = true
-		end
-		if should_add
-			File.open(filename, "ab") do |f|
-				f.write("\n#{AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK}\n" +
-					"#{config_snippet}\n" +
-					"#{AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK}\n")
-			end
-		end
-	end
-
-	def install_apache2_config_snippets
-		if !@update_config
-			show_apache2_config_snippets
-			return true
-		end
-
-		config_file = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
-		if config_file && File.exist?(config_file)
-			puts
-			line
-			puts "<banner>Updating Apache configuration files...</banner>"
-			config_file = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
-			all_config_files = PlatformInfo.httpd_included_config_files(config_file)[:files]
-			backup_config_files(config_file, all_config_files) if @backup_config
-			uninstall_or_comment_out_existing_config_snippets(all_config_files)
-			add_new_config_snippets(all_config_files)
-			return true
-		else
-			show_apache2_config_snippets
-			return true
-		end
-	end
-
-	def show_apache2_config_snippets
-		puts
-		line
-		render_template 'apache2/config_snippets',
-			:snippet => apache2_config_snippets
-		wait
-	end
-
-	def show_deployment_example
-		new_screen
-		render_template 'apache2/deployment_example',
-			:users_guide_path => users_guide_path,
-			:users_guide_url => users_guide_url,
-			:phusion_website => PHUSION_WEBSITE,
-			:passenger_website => PASSENGER_WEBSITE,
-			:languages => @languages
-	end
-	
-	def show_possible_solutions_for_compilation_and_installation_problems
-		new_screen
-		render_template 'apache2/possible_solutions_for_compilation_and_installation_problems',
-			:users_guide_path => users_guide_path,
-			:users_guide_url => users_guide_url,
-			:support_url => SUPPORT_URL
-	end
-
-	def apache_module_available?
-		return File.exist?(PhusionPassenger.apache2_module_path)
-	end
-
-	def install_apache_module_from_native_package
-		case PhusionPassenger.packaging_method
-		when 'deb'
-			sh! "sudo apt-get update"
-			sh! "sudo apt-get install #{DEB_APACHE_MODULE_PACKAGE}"
-			return true
-		when 'rpm'
-			sh! "sudo yum install #{RPM_APACHE_MODULE_PACKAGE}-#{VERSION_STRING}"
-			return true
-		else
-			puts "<red>The #{PROGRAM_NAME} Apache module package is not installed.</red>"
-			puts "Please ask your packager or operating system vendor how to install it."
-			return false
-		end
-	end
-
-	def notify_apache_module_installed
-		render_template 'apache2/notify_apache_module_installed'
-		wait
-	end
+  def show_welcome_screen
+    render_template 'apache2/welcome', :version => VERSION_STRING
+    wait
+  end
+
+  def query_interested_languages
+    menu = TerminalChoiceMenu.new(["Ruby", "Python", "Node.js", "Meteor"])
+    menu["Ruby"].checked = interesting_language?('ruby')
+    menu["Python"].checked = interesting_language?('python')
+    menu["Node.js"].checked = interesting_language?('nodejs', 'node')
+    menu["Meteor"].checked = interesting_language?('meteor')
+
+    new_screen
+    puts "<banner>Which languages are you interested in?</banner>"
+    puts
+    if interactive?
+      puts "Use <space> to select."
+      puts "<dgray>If the menu doesn't display correctly, press '!'</dgray>"
+    else
+      puts "Override selection with --languages."
+    end
+    puts
+
+    if interactive?
+      begin
+        menu.query
+      rescue Interrupt
+        raise Abort
+      end
+    else
+      menu.display_choices
+      puts
+    end
+
+    @languages = menu.selected_choices.map{ |x| x.downcase.gsub(/\./, '') }
+  end
+
+  def interesting_language?(name, command = nil)
+    if @languages
+      return @languages.include?(name)
+    else
+      return !!PlatformInfo.find_command(command || name)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def check_whether_there_are_multiple_apache_installs
+    new_screen
+    puts '<banner>Sanity checking Apache installation...</banner>'
+
+    output = StringIO.new
+    detector = PlatformInfo::ApacheDetector.new(output)
+    begin
+      detector.detect_all
+      detector.report
+      @apache2 = detector.result_for(PlatformInfo.apxs2)
+      if @apache2.nil?
+        render_template 'apache2/apache_install_broken',
+          :apxs2 => PlatformInfo.apxs2,
+          :sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
+          :ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
+          :passenger_config => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-config"
+        return false
+      end
+      if detector.results.size > 1
+        other_installs = detector.results - [@apache2]
+        render_template 'apache2/multiple_apache_installations_detected',
+          :current => @apache2,
+          :other_installs => other_installs
+        puts
+        if interactive?
+          result = prompt_confirmation "Are you sure you want to install " +
+            "against Apache #{@apache2.version} (#{@apache2.apxs2})?"
+          if !result
+            puts
+            line
+            render_template 'apache2/installing_against_a_different_apache',
+              :other_installs => other_installs
+          end
+          return result
+        else
+          puts '<yellow>Continuing installation because --auto is given.</yellow>'
+          return true
+        end
+      else
+        puts '<green>All good!</green>'
+        return true
+      end
+    ensure
+      detector.finish
+    end
+  end
+
+  def check_whether_apache_uses_compatible_mpm
+    # 'httpd -V' output is in the form of:
+    #
+    # Server MPM:      Prefork     # <--- this line is not always available!
+    # ...
+    # Server compiled with....
+    #  -D APACHE_MPM_DIR="server/mpm/prefork"
+    output = PlatformInfo.httpd_V
+    output =~ /^Server MPM: +(.*)$/
+    if $1
+      mpm = $1.downcase
+    else
+      output =~ /APACHE_MPM_DIR="server\/mpm\/(.*)"/
+      if $1
+        mpm = $1.downcase
+      else
+        mpm = nil
+      end
+    end
+    if mpm != "prefork" && mpm != "worker" && mpm != "event"
+      new_screen
+      render_template 'apache2/apache_must_be_compiled_with_compatible_mpm',
+        :current_mpm => mpm
+      wait
+    end
+  end
+
+  def check_write_permission_to_passenger_root
+    File.new("__test__.txt", "w").close
+    return true
+  rescue SystemCallError
+    puts
+    line
+    if Process.uid == 0
+      render_template 'installer_common/cannot_access_files_as_root',
+        :type => "directory",
+        :files => [PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir]
+    else
+      render_template 'installer_common/run_installer_as_root',
+        :dir  => PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir,
+        :sudo => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_command,
+        :sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
+        :ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
+        :installer => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-install-apache2-module #{ORIG_ARGV.join(' ')}"
+    end
+    return false
+  ensure
+    File.unlink("__test__.txt") rescue nil
+  end
+
+  def check_write_permission_to_web_server_config_files
+    return true if !@update_config
+    config_file = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
+    return if !config_file || !File.exist?(config_file)
+
+    all_config_files = PlatformInfo.httpd_included_config_files(config_file)
+    if all_config_files[:unreadable_files].any?
+      puts
+      line
+      if Process.uid == 0
+        render_template 'installer_common/cannot_access_files_as_root',
+          :access => "read from",
+          :files => all_config_files[:unreadable_files]
+      else
+        render_template 'installer_common/run_installer_as_root',
+          :access => "read from",
+          :desc => "an Apache configuration file",
+          :sudo => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_command,
+          :sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
+          :ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
+          :installer => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-install-apache2-module #{ORIG_ARGV.join(' ')}"
+      end
+      puts
+      render_template 'apache2/present_choice_for_no_update_config'
+      return false
+    end
+
+    unwriteable_files = []
+    all_config_files[:files].each do |filename|
+      if !File.writable_real?(filename)
+        unwriteable_files << filename
+      end
+    end
+    if unwriteable_files.empty?
+      return true
+    else
+      puts
+      line
+      if Process.uid == 0
+        render_template 'installer_common/cannot_access_files_as_root',
+          :files => unwriteable_files
+      else
+        render_template 'installer_common/run_installer_as_root',
+          :desc => "an Apache configuration file",
+          :sudo => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_command,
+          :sudo_s_e => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_sudo_shell_command("-E"),
+          :ruby => PhusionPassenger::PlatformInfo.ruby_command,
+          :installer => "#{PhusionPassenger.bin_dir}/passenger-install-apache2-module #{ORIG_ARGV.join(' ')}"
+      end
+      puts
+      render_template 'apache2/present_choice_for_no_update_config'
+      return false
+    end
+  end
+
+  def compile_apache2_module
+    puts
+    line
+    puts '<banner>Compiling and installing Apache 2 module...</banner>'
+    if @compile
+      puts "cd #{PhusionPassenger.build_system_dir}"
+      if ENV['TRACE']
+        rake = "#{PlatformInfo.rake_command} --trace RELEASE=yes"
+      else
+        rake = "#{PlatformInfo.rake_command} RELEASE=yes"
+      end
+      command = "env NOEXEC_DISABLE=1 #{rake} apache2:clean apache2"
+      if PhusionPassenger.packaging_method == "homebrew"
+        # Running apache2:clean deletes some object files needed
+        # by passenger-install-nginx-module, so we ensure those
+        # object files are compiled.
+        command << " nginx"
+      end
+      return sh(command)
+    else
+      puts "Skipping compilation"
+      return true
+    end
+  end
+
+  def load_snippet
+    return "LoadModule passenger_module #{PhusionPassenger.apache2_module_path}"
+  end
+
+  def config_snippet
+    return "<IfModule mod_passenger.c>\n" +
+      "  PassengerRoot #{PhusionPassenger.install_spec}\n" +
+      "  PassengerDefaultRuby #{PlatformInfo.ruby_command}\n" +
+      "</IfModule>"
+  end
+
+  def apache2_config_snippets
+    return "#{load_snippet}\n#{config_snippet}\n"
+  end
+
+  def backup_config_files(config_file, all_config_files)
+    now = Time.now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S")
+    archive = "#{config_file}.#{GLOBAL_NAMESPACE_DIRNAME}-backup-#{now}.tar.gz"
+    backup_files = all_config_files.dup
+
+    # Some people create a regular file in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled, for convenience
+    # reasons. This file is not actually managed by a2enmod. We will remove such files
+    # because we're going to use mods-eanbled ourselves, so we need to back them up.
+    if (dir = PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_enabled_directory) && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+      if File.file?("#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load")
+        backup_files << "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
+      end
+      if File.file?("#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf")
+        backup_files << "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
+      end
+    end
+
+    puts "Backing up existing configuration files to #{archive}..."
+    backup_files.uniq!
+    backup_files.map! { |x| x.sub(/^\//, '') }
+    Dir.chdir("/") do
+      sh! "tar", "-czf", archive, *backup_files
+    end
+  end
+
+  def uninstall_or_comment_out_existing_config_snippets(all_config_files)
+    files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks = []
+    files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks = []
+
+    # Some people create a regular file in /etc/apache2/mods-enabled, for convenience
+    # reasons. This file is not actually managed by a2enmod. We remove such files
+    # because we're going to use mods-enabled ourselves. They've already been backed up.
+    if (dir = PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_enabled_directory) && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+      filename = "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
+      if File.file?(filename) && !File.symlink?(filename)
+        puts "Removing #{filename}"
+        File.unlink(filename)
+      end
+      filename = "#{dir}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
+      if File.file?(filename) && !File.symlink?(filename)
+        puts "Removing #{filename}"
+        File.unlink(filename)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Uncomment Phusion Passenger config snippets.
+    all_config_files.each do |filename|
+      next if !File.exist?(filename)
+
+      contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
+        f.read
+      end
+      if contents =~ /#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK}.*?#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK}/m
+        files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks << filename
+      end
+      if contents =~ /#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK}.*?#{Regexp.escape AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK}/m
+        files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks << filename
+      end
+      subst1 = contents.gsub!(/^([ \t]*LoadModule[ \t]+passenger_module[ \t]+.*)$/i, '# \1')
+      subst2 = contents.gsub!(/^([ \t]*PassengerRoot[ \t]+.*)$/i, '# \1')
+      subst3 = contents.gsub!(/^([ \t]*PassengerDefaultRuby[ \t]+.*)$/i, '# \1')
+      if subst1 || subst2 || subst3
+        puts "Uninstalling previous #{PROGRAM_NAME} from #{filename}..."
+        File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
+          f.write(contents)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # If there are multiple auto-install comment blocks, remove the duplicates.
+    # First, we remove all comment blocks from all files besides the first one.
+    if files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks.size > 1
+      files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks[1..-1].each do |filename|
+        puts "Removing duplicate load snippets from #{filename}..."
+        remove_comment_blocks(filename,
+          AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+          AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
+      end
+    end
+    if files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks.size > 1
+      files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks[1..-1].each do |filename|
+        puts "Removing duplicate conf snippets from #{filename}..."
+        remove_comment_blocks(filename,
+          AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+          AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Then we are left with exactly 0 or exactly 1 file with comment blocks
+    # of each type. There may be duplicates inside that single file, so
+    # remove duplicates there too.
+    if files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks.size > 0
+      filename = files_containing_autoinstall_load_blocks[0]
+      puts "Removing duplicate load snippets inside #{filename}..."
+      remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
+    end
+    if files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks.size > 0
+      filename = files_containing_autoinstall_conf_blocks[0]
+      puts "Removing duplicate configuration snippets inside #{filename}..."
+      remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
+    end
+
+    # One or more files may have been removed, so filter out the ones
+    # that are left.
+    all_config_files.reject! do |filename|
+      !File.exist?(filename)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def remove_comment_blocks(filename, begin_marker, end_marker)
+    contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
+      f.read
+    end
+    regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
+    contents.gsub!(regexp, '')
+    File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
+      f.write(contents)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename, begin_marker, end_marker)
+    contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
+      f.read
+    end
+    regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
+    if m = regexp.match(contents)
+      offset = m.end(0)
+      rest = contents.slice!(m.end(0) .. -1)
+      rest.gsub!(regexp, '')
+      contents << rest
+      File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
+        f.write(contents)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def add_new_config_snippets(all_config_files)
+    # Look for the file containing the auto-install load and conf comment blocks.
+    # The uninstall_or_comment_out_existing_config_snippets method has already
+    # guaranteed that there is at most 1 file per comment block type, and that
+    # inside each file there are no duplicate comment blocks.
+    load_block_file = find_config_file_containing_comment_block(all_config_files,
+      AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+      AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
+    conf_block_file = find_config_file_containing_comment_block(all_config_files,
+      AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+      AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
+    if load_block_file && conf_block_file
+      puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet inside #{load_block_file}..."
+      update_comment_block(load_block_file,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK,
+        load_snippet)
+      puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} configuration snippet inside #{conf_block_file}..."
+      update_comment_block(conf_block_file,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK,
+        config_snippet)
+    elsif !load_block_file && !conf_block_file
+      create_load_snippet_file(:maybe_in_mods_available)
+      create_conf_snippet_file(:maybe_in_mods_available)
+      if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+        sh! "#{PlatformInfo.a2enmod} #{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}"
+      end
+    # It looks like either the load or conf file isn't available.
+    # If the file that is available is inside mods-available, then it
+    # means that the mods-available files are broken.
+    elsif is_file_inside_mods_available?(load_block_file, "#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load") ||
+          is_file_inside_mods_available?(conf_block_file, "#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf")
+      # We fix it if a2enmod is available. Otherwise, we remove the block.
+      if PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+        if !load_block_file
+          create_load_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
+        else
+          create_conf_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
+        end
+      else
+        if load_block_file
+          puts "Removing load snippets from #{filename}..."
+          remove_comment_blocks(load_block_file,
+            AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+            AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
+        else
+          puts "Removing configuration snippets from #{filename}..."
+          remove_comment_blocks(conf_block_file,
+            AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+            AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
+        end
+        create_load_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
+        create_conf_snippet_file(:must_be_in_mods_available)
+      end
+      sh! "#{PlatformInfo.a2enmod} passenger"
+    else
+      if !load_block_file
+        create_load_snippet_file(:not_in_mods_available)
+        puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} configuration snippet inside #{conf_block_file}..."
+        update_comment_block(conf_block_file,
+          AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+          AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK,
+          config_snippet)
+      else
+        create_conf_snippet_file(:not_in_mods_available)
+        puts "Updating #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet inside #{load_block_file}..."
+        update_comment_block(load_block_file,
+          AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+          AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK,
+          load_snippet)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def find_config_file_containing_comment_block(all_config_files, begin_marker, end_marker)
+    regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}/m
+    all_config_files.each do |filename|
+      contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
+        f.read
+      end
+      if contents =~ regexp
+        return filename
+      end
+    end
+    return nil
+  end
+
+  def update_comment_block(filename, begin_marker, end_marker, block_contents)
+    regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
+    contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
+      f.read
+    end
+    if contents.sub!(regexp, "#{begin_marker}\n#{block_contents}\n#{end_marker}\n")
+      File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
+        f.write(contents)
+      end
+      return true
+    else
+      return false
+    end
+  end
+
+  def remove_comment_blocks(filename, begin_marker, end_marker)
+    regexp = /#{Regexp.escape begin_marker}.*?#{Regexp.escape end_marker}\n?/m
+    contents = File.open(filename, "rb") do |f|
+      f.read
+    end
+    contents.gsub!(regexp, "")
+    File.open(filename, "wb") do |f|
+      f.write(contents)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def is_file_inside_mods_available?(filename, basename)
+    if dir = PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory
+      return filename == "#{dir}/#{basename}"
+    else
+      return false
+    end
+  end
+
+  def create_load_snippet_file(where)
+    case where
+    when :maybe_in_mods_available
+      if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+        filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
+      else
+        filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
+      end
+    when :must_be_in_mods_available
+      if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+        filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.load"
+      else
+        raise "Apache does not support the mods-available directory"
+      end
+    when :not_in_mods_available
+      filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
+    else
+      raise ArgumentError
+    end
+
+    if File.exist?(filename)
+      # If this is a file inside mods-available, and the file didn't have a symlink
+      # in mods-enabled, then the uninstall phase did not remove duplicates from this
+      # file. So here we remove duplicates again.
+      puts "Removing duplicate load snippets inside #{filename}..."
+      remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK)
+
+      puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet to #{filename}..."
+      should_add = !update_comment_block(filename,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK,
+        load_snippet)
+    else
+      puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module load snippet to #{filename}..."
+      should_add = true
+    end
+    if should_add
+      File.open(filename, "ab") do |f|
+        f.write("\n#{AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_LOAD_BLOCK}\n" +
+          "#{load_snippet}\n" +
+          "#{AUTOINSTALL_END_LOAD_BLOCK}\n")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def create_conf_snippet_file(where)
+    case where
+    when :maybe_in_mods_available
+      if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+        filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
+      else
+        filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
+      end
+    when :must_be_in_mods_available
+      if PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory && PlatformInfo.a2enmod
+        filename = "#{PlatformInfo.httpd_mods_available_directory}/#{APACHE2_MODULE_CONF_NAME}.conf"
+      else
+        raise "Apache does not support the mods-available directory"
+      end
+    when :not_in_mods_available
+      filename = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
+    else
+      raise ArgumentError
+    end
+
+    if File.exist?(filename)
+      # If this is a file inside mods-available, and the file didn't have a symlink
+      # in mods-enabled, then the uninstall phase did not remove duplicates from this
+      # file. So here we remove duplicates again.
+      puts "Removing duplicate configuration snippets inside #{filename}..."
+      remove_duplicate_comment_blocks(filename,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK)
+
+      puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module configuration snippet to #{filename}..."
+      should_add = !update_comment_block(filename,
+        AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK,
+        AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK,
+        config_snippet)
+    else
+      puts "Installing #{PROGRAM_NAME} module configuration snippet to #{filename}..."
+      should_add = true
+    end
+    if should_add
+      File.open(filename, "ab") do |f|
+        f.write("\n#{AUTOINSTALL_BEGIN_CONF_BLOCK}\n" +
+          "#{config_snippet}\n" +
+          "#{AUTOINSTALL_END_CONF_BLOCK}\n")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def install_apache2_config_snippets
+    if !@update_config
+      show_apache2_config_snippets
+      return true
+    end
+
+    config_file = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
+    if config_file && File.exist?(config_file)
+      puts
+      line
+      puts "<banner>Updating Apache configuration files...</banner>"
+      config_file = PlatformInfo.httpd_default_config_file
+      all_config_files = PlatformInfo.httpd_included_config_files(config_file)[:files]
+      backup_config_files(config_file, all_config_files) if @backup_config
+      uninstall_or_comment_out_existing_config_snippets(all_config_files)
+      add_new_config_snippets(all_config_files)
+      return true
+    else
+      show_apache2_config_snippets
+      return true
+    end
+  end
+
+  def show_apache2_config_snippets
+    puts
+    line
+    render_template 'apache2/config_snippets',
+      :snippet => apache2_config_snippets
+    wait
+  end
+
+  def show_deployment_example
+    new_screen
+    render_template 'apache2/deployment_example',
+      :users_guide_path => users_guide_path,
+      :users_guide_url => users_guide_url,
+      :phusion_website => PHUSION_WEBSITE,
+      :passenger_website => PASSENGER_WEBSITE,
+      :languages => @languages
+  end
+
+  def show_possible_solutions_for_compilation_and_installation_problems
+    new_screen
+    render_template 'apache2/possible_solutions_for_compilation_and_installation_problems',
+      :users_guide_path => users_guide_path,
+      :users_guide_url => users_guide_url,
+      :support_url => SUPPORT_URL
+  end
+
+  def apache_module_available?
+    return File.exist?(PhusionPassenger.apache2_module_path)
+  end
+
+  def install_apache_module_from_native_package
+    case PhusionPassenger.packaging_method
+    when 'deb'
+      sh! "sudo apt-get update"
+      sh! "sudo apt-get install #{DEB_APACHE_MODULE_PACKAGE}"
+      return true
+    when 'rpm'
+      sh! "sudo yum install #{RPM_APACHE_MODULE_PACKAGE}-#{VERSION_STRING}"
+      return true
+    else
+      puts "<red>The #{PROGRAM_NAME} Apache module package is not installed.</red>"
+      puts "Please ask your packager or operating system vendor how to install it."
+      return false
+    end
+  end
+
+  def notify_apache_module_installed
+    render_template 'apache2/notify_apache_module_installed'
+    wait
+  end
 end
 
 ORIG_ARGV = ARGV.dup
 options = { :compile => true, :update_config => false, :backup_config => true }
 parser = OptionParser.new do |opts|
-	opts.banner = "Usage: passenger-install-apache2-module [options]"
-	opts.separator ""
-	
-	indent = ' ' * 37
-	opts.separator "Options:"
-	opts.on("-a", "--auto", String, "Automatically build the Apache module,\n" <<
-	        "#{indent}without interactively asking for user\n" <<
-	        "#{indent}input.") do
-		options[:auto] = true
-	end
-	opts.on("--apxs2-path PATH", String, "Path to 'apxs2' command.") do |value|
-		ENV['APXS2'] = value
-	end
-	opts.on("--apr-config-path PATH", String, "Path to 'apr-config' command.") do |value|
-		ENV['APR_CONFIG'] = value
-	end
-	opts.on("--languages NAMES", "Comma-separated list of interested\n" <<
-			"#{indent}languages (e.g.\n" <<
-			"#{indent}'ruby,python,nodejs,meteor')") do |value|
-		options[:languages] = value.split(",")
-	end
-	opts.on("--no-compile", "Skip compilation.") do
-		options[:compile] = false
-	end
-	#opts.on("--no-update-config", "Do not automatically update Apache config\n" <<
-	#		"#{indent}files.") do
-	#	options[:update_config] = false
-	#end
-	#opts.on("--no-backup-config", "When updating Apache config files, do not\n" <<
-	#		"#{indent}create backups of the existing files.") do
-	#	options[:backup_config] = false
-	#end
-	opts.on("--force-colors", "Display colors even if stdout is not a TTY") do
-		options[:colorize] = true
-	end
-	opts.on("--snippet", "Show just the Apache config snippet.") do
-		options[:snippet] = true
-	end
+  opts.banner = "Usage: passenger-install-apache2-module [options]"
+  opts.separator ""
+
+  indent = ' ' * 37
+  opts.separator "Options:"
+  opts.on("-a", "--auto", String, "Automatically build the Apache module,\n" <<
+          "#{indent}without interactively asking for user\n" <<
+          "#{indent}input.") do
+    options[:auto] = true
+  end
+  opts.on("--apxs2-path PATH", String, "Path to 'apxs2' command.") do |value|
+    ENV['APXS2'] = value
+  end
+  opts.on("--apr-config-path PATH", String, "Path to 'apr-config' command.") do |value|
+    ENV['APR_CONFIG'] = value
+  end
+  opts.on("--languages NAMES", "Comma-separated list of interested\n" <<
+      "#{indent}languages (e.g.\n" <<
+      "#{indent}'ruby,python,nodejs,meteor')") do |value|
+    options[:languages] = value.split(",")
+  end
+  opts.on("--no-compile", "Skip compilation.") do
+    options[:compile] = false
+  end
+  #opts.on("--no-update-config", "Do not automatically update Apache config\n" <<
+  #   "#{indent}files.") do
+  # options[:update_config] = false
+  #end
+  #opts.on("--no-backup-config", "When updating Apache config files, do not\n" <<
+  #   "#{indent}create backups of the existing files.") do
+  # options[:backup_config] = false
+  #end
+  opts.on("--force-colors", "Display colors even if stdout is not a TTY") do
+    options[:colorize] = true
+  end
+  opts.on("--snippet", "Show just the Apache config snippet.") do
+    options[:snippet] = true
+  end
 end
 begin
-	parser.parse!
+  parser.parse!
 rescue OptionParser::ParseError => e
-	puts e
-	puts
-	puts "Please see '--help' for valid options."
-	exit 1
+  puts e
+  puts
+  puts "Please see '--help' for valid options."
+  exit 1
 end
 
 installer = Installer.new(options)
 if options[:snippet]
-	puts installer.send(:apache2_config_snippets)
+  puts installer.send(:apache2_config_snippets)
 else
-	installer.run
+  installer.run
 end