pairing_heap 3.0.0 → 3.1.0

This diff represents the content of publicly available package versions that have been released to one of the supported registries. The information contained in this diff is provided for informational purposes only and reflects changes between package versions as they appear in their respective public registries.
Files changed (9) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +4 -4
  2. data/.github/workflows/main.yml +1 -1
  3. data/Gemfile.lock +38 -21
  4. data/README.md +244 -353
  5. data/Rakefile +2 -0
  6. data/lib/pairing_heap/version.rb +1 -1
  7. data/lib/pairing_heap.rb +32 -2
  8. data/pairing_heap.gemspec +3 -10
  9. metadata +8 -7
data/README.md CHANGED
@@ -101,9 +101,12 @@ This API is a drop-in replacement of [lazy_priority_queue](https://github.com/ma
101
101
  | dequeue | O(n) | O(log n) |
102
102
  | * change_priority | O(1) | o(log n) |
103
103
  | * delete | O(n) | O(log n) |
104
+ | ^ merge | O(1) | O(1) |
104
105
 
105
106
  `*` Not available in `SimplePairingHeap`
106
107
 
108
+ `^` Only available in `SimplePairingHeap`
109
+
107
110
  ## Benchmarks
108
111
  I picked the three fastest pure Ruby priority queue implementations I was aware of for the comparison:
109
112
 
@@ -117,7 +120,7 @@ Original performance test from [lazy_priority_queue](https://github.com/matiasba
117
120
  > A stress test of 1,000,000 operations: starting with 1,000 pushes/0 pops, following 999 pushes/1 pop, and so on till 0 pushes/1000 pops.
118
121
  <table>
119
122
  <tr>
120
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
123
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
121
124
  </tr>
122
125
  <tr>
123
126
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -127,36 +130,36 @@ Original performance test from [lazy_priority_queue](https://github.com/matiasba
127
130
  </tr>
128
131
  <tr>
129
132
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
130
- <td>23</td>
131
- <td>62.014773</td>
132
- <td>0.371</td>
133
+ <td>26</td>
134
+ <td>62.249427</td>
135
+ <td>0.419</td>
133
136
  </tr>
134
137
  <tr>
135
138
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
136
- <td>16</td>
137
- <td>63.135240</td>
138
- <td>0.253(1.46x slower)</td>
139
+ <td>17</td>
140
+ <td>61.624806</td>
141
+ <td>0.276(1.52x slower)</td>
139
142
  </tr>
140
143
  <tr>
141
144
  <td>rb_heap</td>
142
- <td>14</td>
143
- <td>61.123304</td>
144
- <td>0.229(1.62x slower)</td>
145
+ <td>16</td>
146
+ <td>63.656502</td>
147
+ <td>0.251(1.67x slower)</td>
145
148
  </tr>
146
149
  <tr>
147
150
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
148
- <td>10</td>
149
- <td>66.208647</td>
150
- <td>0.151(2.46x slower)</td>
151
+ <td>7</td>
152
+ <td>63.339192</td>
153
+ <td>0.111(3.79x slower)</td>
151
154
  </tr>
152
155
  <tr>
153
156
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
154
- <td>8</td>
155
- <td>66.353147</td>
156
- <td>0.121(3.08x slower)</td>
157
+ <td>5</td>
158
+ <td>69.010737</td>
159
+ <td>0.073(5.77x slower)</td>
157
160
  </tr>
158
161
  <tr>
159
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
162
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
160
163
  </tr>
161
164
  <tr>
162
165
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -166,36 +169,36 @@ Original performance test from [lazy_priority_queue](https://github.com/matiasba
166
169
  </tr>
167
170
  <tr>
168
171
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
169
- <td>25</td>
170
- <td>60.423579</td>
171
- <td>0.414</td>
172
+ <td>39</td>
173
+ <td>60.725689</td>
174
+ <td>0.642</td>
172
175
  </tr>
173
176
  <tr>
174
177
  <td>rb_heap</td>
175
- <td>19</td>
176
- <td>60.869907</td>
177
- <td>0.312(1.33x slower)</td>
178
+ <td>31</td>
179
+ <td>60.370348</td>
180
+ <td>0.514(1.25x slower)</td>
178
181
  </tr>
179
182
  <tr>
180
183
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
181
- <td>17</td>
182
- <td>61.389127</td>
183
- <td>0.277(1.49x slower)</td>
184
+ <td>25</td>
185
+ <td>62.269577</td>
186
+ <td>0.402(1.6x slower)</td>
184
187
  </tr>
185
188
  <tr>
186
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
187
- <td>14</td>
188
- <td>64.417807</td>
189
- <td>0.217(1.90x slower)</td>
189
+ <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
190
+ <td>9</td>
191
+ <td>62.144710</td>
192
+ <td>0.145(4.43x slower)</td>
190
193
  </tr>
191
194
  <tr>
192
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
193
- <td>11</td>
194
- <td>63.151856</td>
195
- <td>0.174(2.38x slower)</td>
195
+ <td>Fibonacci</td>
196
+ <td>8</td>
197
+ <td>65.064385</td>
198
+ <td>0.123(5.22x slower)</td>
196
199
  </tr>
197
200
  <tr>
198
- <th colspan="4">jruby 9.3.7.0 (2.6.8) 2022-08-16 c79ef237e0 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.2+8-86 on 17.0.2+8-86 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
201
+ <th colspan="4">jruby 9.4.5.0 (3.1.4) 2023-11-02 1abae2700f OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21+35-2513 on 21+35-2513 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
199
202
  </tr>
200
203
  <tr>
201
204
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -205,36 +208,36 @@ Original performance test from [lazy_priority_queue](https://github.com/matiasba
205
208
  </tr>
206
209
  <tr>
207
210
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
208
- <td>47</td>
209
- <td>60.391633</td>
210
- <td>0.778</td>
211
+ <td>43</td>
212
+ <td>60.734661</td>
213
+ <td>0.709</td>
211
214
  </tr>
212
215
  <tr>
213
216
  <td>rb_heap</td>
214
217
  <td>34</td>
215
- <td>60.878639</td>
216
- <td>0.559(1.39x slower)</td>
218
+ <td>61.677228</td>
219
+ <td>0.552(1.28x slower)</td>
217
220
  </tr>
218
221
  <tr>
219
222
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
220
- <td>32</td>
221
- <td>61.211985</td>
222
- <td>0.523(1.49x slower)</td>
223
+ <td>28</td>
224
+ <td>61.284382</td>
225
+ <td>0.458(1.55x slower)</td>
223
226
  </tr>
224
227
  <tr>
225
228
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
226
- <td>23</td>
227
- <td>60.297670</td>
228
- <td>0.382(2.04x slower)</td>
229
+ <td>22</td>
230
+ <td>61.396897</td>
231
+ <td>0.359(1.97x slower)</td>
229
232
  </tr>
230
233
  <tr>
231
234
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
232
- <td>23</td>
233
- <td>61.973538</td>
234
- <td>0.371(2.10x slower)</td>
235
+ <td>20</td>
236
+ <td>61.841463</td>
237
+ <td>0.324(2.19x slower)</td>
235
238
  </tr>
236
239
  <tr>
237
- <th colspan="4">truffleruby 22.2.0, like ruby 3.0.3, GraalVM CE JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
240
+ <th colspan="4">truffleruby 23.1.2, like ruby 3.2.2, Oracle GraalVM JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
238
241
  </tr>
239
242
  <tr>
240
243
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -244,33 +247,33 @@ Original performance test from [lazy_priority_queue](https://github.com/matiasba
244
247
  </tr>
245
248
  <tr>
246
249
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
247
- <td>206</td>
248
- <td>60.191686</td>
249
- <td>3.433</td>
250
+ <td>202</td>
251
+ <td>60.225639</td>
252
+ <td>3.388</td>
250
253
  </tr>
251
254
  <tr>
252
255
  <td>rb_heap</td>
253
- <td>97</td>
254
- <td>60.134011</td>
255
- <td>1.614(1.93x slower)</td>
256
+ <td>140</td>
257
+ <td>60.190881</td>
258
+ <td>2.357(1.44x slower)</td>
256
259
  </tr>
257
260
  <tr>
258
261
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
259
- <td>85</td>
260
- <td>60.193608s</td>
261
- <td>1.434(2.40x slower)</td>
262
+ <td>100</td>
263
+ <td>60.373610</td>
264
+ <td>1.692(2x slower)</td>
262
265
  </tr>
263
266
  <tr>
264
267
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
265
- <td>19</td>
266
- <td>63.212429</td>
267
- <td>0.301(11.45x slower)</td>
268
+ <td>31</td>
269
+ <td>61.179244</td>
270
+ <td>0.510(6.65x slower)</td>
268
271
  </tr>
269
272
  <tr>
270
273
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
271
- <td>2</td>
272
- <td>83.508571</td>
273
- <td>0.024(143.70x slower)</td>
274
+ <td>11</td>
275
+ <td>64.413419</td>
276
+ <td>0.171(19.81x slower)</td>
274
277
  </tr>
275
278
  </table>
276
279
 
@@ -278,7 +281,7 @@ Original performance test from [lazy_priority_queue](https://github.com/matiasba
278
281
  A stress test of 1,501,500 operations: starting with 1,000 pushes/1000 change_priorities/0 pops, following 999 pushes/999 change_priorities/1 pop, and so on till 0 pushes/0 change_priorities/1000 pops.
279
282
  <table>
280
283
  <tr>
281
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
284
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
282
285
  </tr>
283
286
  <tr>
284
287
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -289,23 +292,23 @@ A stress test of 1,501,500 operations: starting with 1,000 pushes/1000 change_pr
289
292
  <tr>
290
293
  <td>pairing_heap</td>
291
294
  <td>15</td>
292
- <td>62.946988</td>
293
- <td>0.238</td>
295
+ <td>60.817878</td>
296
+ <td>0.247</td>
294
297
  </tr>
295
298
  <tr>
296
299
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
297
- <td>9</td>
298
- <td>61.876691</td>
299
- <td>0.145(1.64x slower)</td>
300
+ <td>7</td>
301
+ <td>63.990376s</td>
302
+ <td>0.109(2.26x slower)</td>
300
303
  </tr>
301
304
  <tr>
302
305
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
303
- <td>8</td>
304
- <td>67.809982</td>
305
- <td>0.118(2.02x slower)</td>
306
+ <td>5</td>
307
+ <td>70.148980s</td>
308
+ <td>0.071(3.47x slower)</td>
306
309
  </tr>
307
310
  <tr>
308
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
311
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
309
312
  </tr>
310
313
  <tr>
311
314
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -315,24 +318,24 @@ A stress test of 1,501,500 operations: starting with 1,000 pushes/1000 change_pr
315
318
  </tr>
316
319
  <tr>
317
320
  <td>pairing_heap</td>
318
- <td>16</td>
319
- <td>62.576693</td>
320
- <td>0.256</td>
321
+ <td>22</td>
322
+ <td>62.429264</td>
323
+ <td>0.353</td>
321
324
  </tr>
322
325
  <tr>
323
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
324
- <td>13</td>
325
- <td>63.164614</td>
326
- <td>0.206(1.24x slower)</td>
326
+ <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
327
+ <td>9</td>
328
+ <td>63.464818</td>
329
+ <td>0.142(2.49x slower)</td>
327
330
  </tr>
328
331
  <tr>
329
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
330
- <td>10</td>
331
- <td>63.172995s</td>
332
- <td>0.158(1.62x slower)</td>
332
+ <td>Fibonacci</td>
333
+ <td>8</td>
334
+ <td>67.908812</td>
335
+ <td>0.118(2.99x slower)</td>
333
336
  </tr>
334
337
  <tr>
335
- <th colspan="4">jruby 9.3.7.0 (2.6.8) 2022-08-16 c79ef237e0 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.2+8-86 on 17.0.2+8-86 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
338
+ <th colspan="4">jruby 9.4.5.0 (3.1.4) 2023-11-02 1abae2700f OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21+35-2513 on 21+35-2513 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
336
339
  </tr>
337
340
  <tr>
338
341
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -342,24 +345,24 @@ A stress test of 1,501,500 operations: starting with 1,000 pushes/1000 change_pr
342
345
  </tr>
343
346
  <tr>
344
347
  <td>pairing_heap</td>
345
- <td>28</td>
346
- <td>60.280368</td>
347
- <td>0.465</td>
348
+ <td>27</td>
349
+ <td>61.709517</td>
350
+ <td>0.438</td>
348
351
  </tr>
349
352
  <tr>
350
353
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
351
- <td>22</td>
352
- <td>61.405561</td>
353
- <td>0.465(1.30x slower)</td>
354
+ <td>20</td>
355
+ <td>61.495636</td>
356
+ <td>0.326(1.34x slower)</td>
354
357
  </tr>
355
358
  <tr>
356
359
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
357
- <td>20</td>
358
- <td>60.397535</td>
359
- <td>0.331(1.40x slower)</td>
360
+ <td>19</td>
361
+ <td>63.401601</td>
362
+ <td>0.309(1.46x slower)</td>
360
363
  </tr>
361
364
  <tr>
362
- <th colspan="4">truffleruby 22.2.0, like ruby 3.0.3, GraalVM CE JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
365
+ <th colspan="4">truffleruby 23.1.2, like ruby 3.2.2, Oracle GraalVM JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
363
366
  </tr>
364
367
  <tr>
365
368
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -369,21 +372,21 @@ A stress test of 1,501,500 operations: starting with 1,000 pushes/1000 change_pr
369
372
  </tr>
370
373
  <tr>
371
374
  <td>pairing_heap</td>
372
- <td>70</td>
373
- <td>60.663184</td>
374
- <td>1.160</td>
375
+ <td>93</td>
376
+ <td>60.125750</td>
377
+ <td>1.577</td>
375
378
  </tr>
376
379
  <tr>
377
380
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
378
- <td>23</td>
379
- <td>60.474587</td>
380
- <td>0.382(3.04x slower)</td>
381
+ <td>26</td>
382
+ <td>62.372660s</td>
383
+ <td>0.419(3.77x slower)</td>
381
384
  </tr>
382
385
  <tr>
383
386
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
384
- <td>2</td>
385
- <td>74.873854</td>
386
- <td>0.027(43.44x slower)</td>
387
+ <td>11</td>
388
+ <td>62.620172s</td>
389
+ <td>0.177(8.92x slower)</td>
387
390
  </tr>
388
391
  </table>
389
392
 
@@ -393,7 +396,7 @@ Start with 500 pushes, then:
393
396
  * If does not support changing priority 500 push calls, then 1000 pops
394
397
  <table>
395
398
  <tr>
396
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
399
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
397
400
  </tr>
398
401
  <tr>
399
402
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -401,26 +404,26 @@ Start with 500 pushes, then:
401
404
  </tr>
402
405
  <tr>
403
406
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
404
- <td>436.4</td>
407
+ <td>748.9</td>
405
408
  </tr>
406
409
  <tr>
407
410
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
408
- <td>380.2(1.94x slower)</td>
411
+ <td>388.6(1.93x slower)</td>
409
412
  </tr>
410
413
  <tr>
411
414
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
412
- <td>339.9.02(2.17x slower)</td>
415
+ <td>336.2(2.23x slower)</td>
413
416
  </tr>
414
417
  <tr>
415
418
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
416
- <td>313.9(2.35x slower)</td>
419
+ <td>225.9(3.31x slower)</td>
417
420
  </tr>
418
421
  <tr>
419
422
  <td>rb_heap</td>
420
- <td>194.7(3.78 slower)</td>
423
+ <td>215.2(3.48x slower)</td>
421
424
  </tr>
422
425
  <tr>
423
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
426
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
424
427
  </tr>
425
428
  <tr>
426
429
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -428,26 +431,26 @@ Start with 500 pushes, then:
428
431
  </tr>
429
432
  <tr>
430
433
  <td>pairing_heap</td>
431
- <td>854.6</td>
434
+ <td>1276</td>
432
435
  </tr>
433
436
  <tr>
434
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
435
- <td>651.3(1.31x slower)</td>
437
+ <td>pairing_heap(SimplePairingHeap)</td>
438
+ <td>625.6(2.04x slower)</td>
436
439
  </tr>
437
440
  <tr>
438
441
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
439
- <td>453.6(1.88x slower)</td>
442
+ <td>533.36(2.39x slower)</td>
440
443
  </tr>
441
444
  <tr>
442
- <td>pairing_heap(SimplePairingHeap)</td>
443
- <td>390.9(2.19x slower)</td>
445
+ <td>Fibonacci</td>
446
+ <td>495.519(2.57x slower)</td>
444
447
  </tr>
445
448
  <tr>
446
449
  <td>rb_heap</td>
447
- <td>268.8(3.18x slower)</td>
450
+ <td>453.323(2.81x slower)</td>
448
451
  </tr>
449
452
  <tr>
450
- <th colspan="4">jruby 9.3.7.0 (2.6.8) 2022-08-16 c79ef237e0 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.2+8-86 on 17.0.2+8-86 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
453
+ <th colspan="4">jruby 9.4.5.0 (3.1.4) 2023-11-02 1abae2700f OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21+35-2513 on 21+35-2513 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
451
454
  </tr>
452
455
  <tr>
453
456
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -455,26 +458,26 @@ Start with 500 pushes, then:
455
458
  </tr>
456
459
  <tr>
457
460
  <td>pairing_heap(PairingHeap)</td>
458
- <td>1591</td>
461
+ <td>1377</td>
459
462
  </tr>
460
463
  <tr>
461
464
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
462
- <td>1092(1.46x slower)</td>
465
+ <td>1088(1.27x slower)</td>
463
466
  </tr>
464
467
  <tr>
465
468
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
466
- <td>986(1.61x slower)</td>
469
+ <td>953.935(1.44x slower)</td>
467
470
  </tr>
468
471
  <tr>
469
472
  <td>pairing_heap(SimplePairingHeap)</td>
470
- <td>562(2.37x slower)</td>
473
+ <td>621.35(2.22x slower)</td>
471
474
  </tr>
472
475
  <tr>
473
476
  <td>rb_heap</td>
474
- <td>623(2.55x slower)</td>
477
+ <td>595.11(2.31x slower)</td>
475
478
  </tr>
476
479
  <tr>
477
- <th colspan="4">truffleruby 22.2.0, like ruby 3.0.3, GraalVM CE JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
480
+ <th colspan="4">truffleruby 23.1.2, like ruby 3.2.2, Oracle GraalVM JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
478
481
  </tr>
479
482
  <tr>
480
483
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -482,135 +485,23 @@ Start with 500 pushes, then:
482
485
  </tr>
483
486
  <tr>
484
487
  <td>pairing_heap(PairingHeap)</td>
485
- <td>7404</td>
488
+ <td>12712</td>
486
489
  </tr>
487
490
  <tr>
488
491
  <td>pairing_heap(SimplePairingHeap)</td>
489
- <td>5104(1.45x slower)</td>
492
+ <td>9447(1.35x slower)</td>
490
493
  </tr>
491
494
  <tr>
492
495
  <td>rb_heap</td>
493
- <td>1575(4.70x slower)</td>
494
- </tr>
495
- <tr>
496
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
497
- <td>1258(5.88x slower)</td>
498
- </tr>
499
- <tr>
500
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
501
- <td>1004(7.38x slower)</td>
502
- </tr>
503
- </table>
504
-
505
- ### Dijkstra's algorithm with RGL [source code](./test/performance_rgl.rb)
506
- <table>
507
- <tr>
508
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
509
- </tr>
510
- <tr>
511
- <th>Library</th>
512
- <th>Iterations</th>
513
- <th>Seconds</th>
514
- <th>Iterations per second</th>
515
- </tr>
516
- <tr>
517
- <td>pairing_heap</td>
518
- <td>9</td>
519
- <td>61.469343</td>
520
- <td>0.116</td>
521
- </tr>
522
- <tr>
523
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
524
- <td>8</td>
525
- <td>64.312672</td>
526
- <td>0.125(1.18x slower)</td>
527
- </tr>
528
- <tr>
529
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
530
- <td>7</td>
531
- <td>60.555716</td>
532
- <td>0.116(1.27x slower)</td>
533
- </tr>
534
- <tr>
535
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
536
- </tr>
537
- <tr>
538
- <th>Library</th>
539
- <th>Iterations</th>
540
- <th>Seconds</th>
541
- <th>Iterations per second</th>
542
- </tr>
543
- <tr>
544
- <td>pairing_heap</td>
545
- <td>10</td>
546
- <td>65.160945s</td>
547
- <td>0.154</td>
548
- </tr>
549
- <tr>
550
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
551
- <td>9</td>
552
- <td>61.950587</td>
553
- <td>0.145(1.06x slower)</td>
554
- </tr>
555
- <tr>
556
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
557
- <td>9</td>
558
- <td>66.592123</td>
559
- <td>0.135(1.14x slower)</td>
560
- </tr>
561
- <tr>
562
- <th colspan="4">jruby 9.3.7.0 (2.6.8) 2022-08-16 c79ef237e0 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.2+8-86 on 17.0.2+8-86 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
563
- </tr>
564
- <tr>
565
- <th>Library</th>
566
- <th>Iterations</th>
567
- <th>Seconds</th>
568
- <th>Iterations per second</th>
569
- </tr>
570
- <tr>
571
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
572
- <td>20</td>
573
- <td>61.149944</td>
574
- <td>0.328</td>
575
- </tr>
576
- <tr>
577
- <td>pairing_heap</td>
578
- <td>20</td>
579
- <td>61.210225s</td>
580
- <td>0.328</td>
496
+ <td>4009(3.17x slower)</td>
581
497
  </tr>
582
498
  <tr>
583
499
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
584
- <td>18</td>
585
- <td>62.330882</td>
586
- <td>0.292(1.12x slower)</td>
587
- </tr>
588
- <tr>
589
- <th colspan="4">truffleruby 22.2.0, like ruby 3.0.3, GraalVM CE JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
590
- </tr>
591
- <tr>
592
- <th>Library</th>
593
- <th>Iterations</th>
594
- <th>Seconds</th>
595
- <th>Iterations per second</th>
596
- </tr>
597
- <tr>
598
- <td>pairing_heap</td>
599
- <td>59</td>
600
- <td>60.053843</td>
601
- <td>0.991</td>
500
+ <td>2793(4.55x slower)</td>
602
501
  </tr>
603
502
  <tr>
604
503
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
605
- <td>34</td>
606
- <td>60.586461</td>
607
- <td>0.563(1.76x slower)</td>
608
- </tr>
609
- <tr>
610
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
611
- <td>31</td>
612
- <td>60.633711</td>
613
- <td>0.520(1.90x slower)</td>
504
+ <td>1188(10.7x slower)</td>
614
505
  </tr>
615
506
  </table>
616
507
 
@@ -618,7 +509,7 @@ Start with 500 pushes, then:
618
509
  Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support it use dijkstra implementation that do not rely on change_priority instead and do additional pops and pushes instead(see Dijkstra-NoDec from [Priority Queues and Dijkstra’s Algorithm](https://www3.cs.stonybrook.edu/~rezaul/papers/TR-07-54.pdf)).
619
510
  <table>
620
511
  <tr>
621
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
512
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
622
513
  </tr>
623
514
  <tr>
624
515
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -628,36 +519,36 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
628
519
  </tr>
629
520
  <tr>
630
521
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
631
- <td>28</td>
632
- <td>62.100299</td>
633
- <td>0.451</td>
522
+ <td>41</td>
523
+ <td>60.100316</td>
524
+ <td>0.682</td>
634
525
  </tr>
635
526
  <tr>
636
527
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
637
- <td>23</td>
638
- <td>60.633153</td>
639
- <td>0.380(1.19x slower)</td>
528
+ <td>38</td>
529
+ <td>61.003607</td>
530
+ <td>0.623(1.09x slower)</td>
640
531
  </tr>
641
532
  <tr>
642
533
  <td>rb_heap</td>
643
- <td>14</td>
644
- <td>62.019763</td>
645
- <td>0.226(2.00x slower)</td>
534
+ <td>30</td>
535
+ <td>61.486216</td>
536
+ <td>0.488(1.40x slower)</td>
646
537
  </tr>
647
538
  <tr>
648
539
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
649
- <td>11</td>
650
- <td>63.105064s</td>
651
- <td>0.174(2.58x slower)</td>
540
+ <td>23</td>
541
+ <td>60.251764</td>
542
+ <td>0.382(1.79x slower)</td>
652
543
  </tr>
653
544
  <tr>
654
545
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
655
- <td>10</td>
656
- <td>64.407187</td>
657
- <td>0.155(2.90x slower)</td>
546
+ <td>13</td>
547
+ <td>61.158622</td>
548
+ <td>0.213(3.21x slower)</td>
658
549
  </tr>
659
550
  <tr>
660
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
551
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
661
552
  </tr>
662
553
  <tr>
663
554
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -667,36 +558,36 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
667
558
  </tr>
668
559
  <tr>
669
560
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
670
- <td>32</td>
671
- <td>61.289321</td>
672
- <td>0.522</td>
561
+ <td>65</td>
562
+ <td>60.805882</td>
563
+ <td>1.070</td>
673
564
  </tr>
674
565
  <tr>
675
566
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
676
- <td>26</td>
677
- <td>60.657625</td>
678
- <td>0.429(1.22x slower)</td>
567
+ <td>60</td>
568
+ <td>60.790842</td>
569
+ <td>0.987(1.08x slower)</td>
679
570
  </tr>
680
571
  <tr>
681
572
  <td>rb_heap</td>
682
- <td>19</td>
683
- <td>60.710888s</td>
684
- <td>0.313(1.67x slower)</td>
573
+ <td>54</td>
574
+ <td>60.917679</td>
575
+ <td>0.887(1.21x slower)</td>
685
576
  </tr>
686
577
  <tr>
687
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
688
- <td>19</td>
689
- <td>61.471203</td>
690
- <td>0.310(1.69x slower)</td>
578
+ <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
579
+ <td>30</td>
580
+ <td>60.712786</td>
581
+ <td>0.495(2.16x slower)</td>
691
582
  </tr>
692
583
  <tr>
693
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
694
- <td>12</td>
695
- <td>60.125779</td>
696
- <td>0.200(2.61x slower)</td>
584
+ <td>Fibonacci</td>
585
+ <td>24</td>
586
+ <td>61.900715</td>
587
+ <td>0.388(2.76x slower)</td>
697
588
  </tr>
698
589
  <tr>
699
- <th colspan="4">jruby 9.3.7.0 (2.6.8) 2022-08-16 c79ef237e0 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.2+8-86 on 17.0.2+8-86 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
590
+ <th colspan="4">jruby 9.4.5.0 (3.1.4) 2023-11-02 1abae2700f OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21+35-2513 on 21+35-2513 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
700
591
  </tr>
701
592
  <tr>
702
593
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -705,37 +596,37 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
705
596
  <th>Iterations per second</th>
706
597
  </tr>
707
598
  <tr>
708
- <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
709
- <td>46</td>
710
- <td>61.226924</td>
711
- <td>0.753</td>
599
+ <td>rb_heap</td>
600
+ <td>70</td>
601
+ <td>60.077928</td>
602
+ <td>1.168</td>
712
603
  </tr>
713
604
  <tr>
714
- <td>rb_heap</td>
715
- <td>38</td>
716
- <td>60.563995</td>
717
- <td>0.628(1.20x slower)</td>
605
+ <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
606
+ <td>66</td>
607
+ <td>60.420935</td>
608
+ <td>1.094(1.07x slower)</td>
718
609
  </tr>
719
610
  <tr>
720
611
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
721
- <td>37</td>
722
- <td>60.928350</td>
723
- <td>0.608(1.24x slower)</td>
612
+ <td>64</td>
613
+ <td>60.114467</td>
614
+ <td>1.066(1.1x slower)</td>
724
615
  </tr>
725
616
  <tr>
726
617
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
727
- <td>28</td>
728
- <td>61.136970</td>
729
- <td>0.461(1.63x slower)</td>
618
+ <td>54</td>
619
+ <td>60.426971</td>
620
+ <td>0.898(1.30x slower)</td>
730
621
  </tr>
731
622
  <tr>
732
623
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
733
- <td>22</td>
734
- <td>62.214796</td>
735
- <td>0.354(2.13x slower)</td>
624
+ <td>49</td>
625
+ <td>60.636963</td>
626
+ <td>0.809(1.44x slower)</td>
736
627
  </tr>
737
628
  <tr>
738
- <th colspan="4">truffleruby 22.2.0, like ruby 3.0.3, GraalVM CE JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
629
+ <th colspan="4">truffleruby 23.1.2, like ruby 3.2.2, Oracle GraalVM JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
739
630
  </tr>
740
631
  <tr>
741
632
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -745,33 +636,33 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
745
636
  </tr>
746
637
  <tr>
747
638
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
748
- <td>176</td>
749
- <td>60.029817</td>
750
- <td>3.006</td>
639
+ <td>288</td>
640
+ <td>60.102278</td>
641
+ <td>4.936</td>
751
642
  </tr>
752
643
  <tr>
753
644
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
754
- <td>124</td>
755
- <td>60.366607</td>
756
- <td>2.078(1.45x slower)</td>
645
+ <td>232</td>
646
+ <td>60.159057</td>
647
+ <td>3.936(1.25x slower)</td>
757
648
  </tr>
758
649
  <tr>
759
650
  <td>rb_heap</td>
760
- <td>95</td>
761
- <td>60.021043</td>
762
- <td>1.585(1.90x slower)</td>
651
+ <td>227</td>
652
+ <td>60.082482</td>
653
+ <td>3.881(1.27x slower)</td>
763
654
  </tr>
764
655
  <tr>
765
656
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
766
- <td>38</td>
767
- <td>60.020976</td>
768
- <td>0.636(4.72x slower)</td>
657
+ <td>101</td>
658
+ <td>60.076691</td>
659
+ <td>1.721(2.87x slower)</td>
769
660
  </tr>
770
661
  <tr>
771
662
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
772
- <td>27</td>
773
- <td>61.349925</td>
774
- <td>0.445(6.75x slower)</td>
663
+ <td>66</td>
664
+ <td>60.771569</td>
665
+ <td>1.1(4.49x slower)</td>
775
666
  </tr>
776
667
  </table>
777
668
 
@@ -779,7 +670,7 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
779
670
  #### Change priority required
780
671
  <table>
781
672
  <tr>
782
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
673
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
783
674
  </tr>
784
675
  <tr>
785
676
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -791,14 +682,14 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
791
682
  </tr>
792
683
  <tr>
793
684
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
794
- <td>1.688x slower</td>
685
+ <td>2.1x slower</td>
795
686
  </tr>
796
687
  <tr>
797
688
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
798
- <td>1.987x slower</td>
689
+ <td>3.38x slower</td>
799
690
  </tr>
800
691
  <tr>
801
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
692
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
802
693
  </tr>
803
694
  <tr>
804
695
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -809,15 +700,15 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
809
700
  <td>1</td>
810
701
  </tr>
811
702
  <tr>
812
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
813
- <td>1.256x slower</td>
703
+ <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
704
+ <td>2.55x slower</td>
814
705
  </tr>
815
706
  <tr>
816
- <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
817
- <td>1.648x slower</td>
707
+ <td>Fibonacci</td>
708
+ <td>2.74x slower</td>
818
709
  </tr>
819
710
  <tr>
820
- <th colspan="4">jruby 9.3.7.0 (2.6.8) 2022-08-16 c79ef237e0 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.2+8-86 on 17.0.2+8-86 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
711
+ <th colspan="4">jruby 9.4.5.0 (3.1.4) 2023-11-02 1abae2700f OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21+35-2513 on 21+35-2513 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
821
712
  </tr>
822
713
  <tr>
823
714
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -829,14 +720,14 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
829
720
  </tr>
830
721
  <tr>
831
722
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
832
- <td>1.327x slower</td>
723
+ <td>1.267x slower</td>
833
724
  </tr>
834
725
  <tr>
835
726
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
836
- <td>1.383x slower</td>
727
+ <td>1.396x slower</td>
837
728
  </tr>
838
729
  <tr>
839
- <th colspan="4">truffleruby 22.2.0, like ruby 3.0.3, GraalVM CE JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
730
+ <th colspan="4">truffleruby 23.1.2, like ruby 3.2.2, Oracle GraalVM JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
840
731
  </tr>
841
732
  <tr>
842
733
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -848,18 +739,18 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
848
739
  </tr>
849
740
  <tr>
850
741
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
851
- <td>3.878x slower</td>
742
+ <td>3.54x slower</td>
852
743
  </tr>
853
744
  <tr>
854
745
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
855
- <td>9.889x slower</td>
746
+ <td>5.86x slower</td>
856
747
  </tr>
857
748
  </table>
858
749
 
859
750
  #### Change priority not required
860
751
  <table>
861
752
  <tr>
862
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
753
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
863
754
  </tr>
864
755
  <tr>
865
756
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -871,22 +762,22 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
871
762
  </tr>
872
763
  <tr>
873
764
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
874
- <td>1.318x slower</td>
765
+ <td>1.29x slower</td>
875
766
  </tr>
876
767
  <tr>
877
768
  <td>rb_heap</td>
878
- <td>1.8x slower</td>
769
+ <td>1.53x slower</td>
879
770
  </tr>
880
771
  <tr>
881
772
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
882
- <td>2.519x slower</td>
773
+ <td>2.6x slower</td>
883
774
  </tr>
884
775
  <tr>
885
776
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
886
- <td>2.989x slower</td>
777
+ <td>4.29x slower</td>
887
778
  </tr>
888
779
  <tr>
889
- <th colspan="4">ruby 3.1.2p20 (2022-04-12 revision 4491bb740a) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin21]</th>
780
+ <th colspan="4">ruby 3.3.0 (2023-12-25 revision 5124f9ac75) +YJIT [x86_64-darwin23]</th>
890
781
  </tr>
891
782
  <tr>
892
783
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -896,24 +787,24 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
896
787
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
897
788
  <td>1</td>
898
789
  </tr>
899
- <tr>
900
- <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
901
- <td>1.348x slower</td>
902
- </tr>
903
790
  <tr>
904
791
  <td>rb_heap</td>
905
- <td>1.490x slower</td>
792
+ <td>1.227x slower</td>
906
793
  </tr>
907
794
  <tr>
908
- <td>Fibonacci</td>
909
- <td>1.792x slower</td>
795
+ <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
796
+ <td>1.316x slower</td>
910
797
  </tr>
911
798
  <tr>
912
799
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
913
- <td>2.492x slower</td>
800
+ <td>3.094x slower</td>
801
+ </tr>
802
+ <tr>
803
+ <td>Fibonacci</td>
804
+ <td>3.79x slower</td>
914
805
  </tr>
915
806
  <tr>
916
- <th colspan="4">jruby 9.3.7.0 (2.6.8) 2022-08-16 c79ef237e0 OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 17.0.2+8-86 on 17.0.2+8-86 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
807
+ <th colspan="4">jruby 9.4.5.0 (3.1.4) 2023-11-02 1abae2700f OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 21+35-2513 on 21+35-2513 +indy +jit [x86_64-darwin]</th>
917
808
  </tr>
918
809
  <tr>
919
810
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -921,26 +812,26 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
921
812
  </tr>
922
813
  <tr>
923
814
  <td>pairing_heap (SimplePairingHeap)</td>
924
- <td>1</td>
815
+ <td>1.033x slower</td>
925
816
  </tr>
926
817
  <tr>
927
818
  <td>rb_heap</td>
928
- <td>1.292x slower</td>
819
+ <td>1.133x slower</td>
929
820
  </tr>
930
821
  <tr>
931
822
  <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
932
- <td>1.359x slower</td>
823
+ <td>1.302x slower</td>
933
824
  </tr>
934
825
  <tr>
935
826
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
936
- <td>1.824x slower</td>
827
+ <td>1.602x slower</td>
937
828
  </tr>
938
829
  <tr>
939
830
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
940
- <td>2.115x slower</td>
831
+ <td>1.777x slower</td>
941
832
  </tr>
942
833
  <tr>
943
- <th colspan="4">truffleruby 22.2.0, like ruby 3.0.3, GraalVM CE JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
834
+ <th colspan="4">truffleruby 23.1.2, like ruby 3.2.2, Oracle GraalVM JVM [x86_64-darwin]</th>
944
835
  </tr>
945
836
  <tr>
946
837
  <th>Library</th>
@@ -951,20 +842,20 @@ Heaps that support change_priority operation use it. Heaps that do not support i
951
842
  <td>1</td>
952
843
  </tr>
953
844
  <tr>
954
- <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
955
- <td>1.865x slower</td>
845
+ <td>rb_heap</td>
846
+ <td>1.35x slower</td>
956
847
  </tr>
957
848
  <tr>
958
- <td>rb_heap</td>
959
- <td>1.915x slower</td>
849
+ <td>pairing_heap (PairingHeap)</td>
850
+ <td>1.58x slower</td>
960
851
  </tr>
961
852
  <tr>
962
853
  <td>lazy_priority_queue</td>
963
- <td>8.791x slower</td>
854
+ <td>5.46x slower</td>
964
855
  </tr>
965
856
  <tr>
966
857
  <td>Fibonacci</td>
967
- <td>26.044x slower</td>
858
+ <td>7.54x slower</td>
968
859
  </tr>
969
860
  </table>
970
861