p_css 0.2.0.beta1-x86_64-linux

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data/Cargo.toml

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+[workspace]
+members  = ['ext/css_native']
+resolver = '2'

data/LICENSE.txt

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+MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2026 Keita Urashima
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.

data/README.md

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+# p CSS
+
+A CSS toolkit for Ruby — tokenizer, parser, serializer, selector matcher, and
+cascade resolver. Targets CSS Syntax Level 4 (with nesting), Selectors Level 4,
+and Media Queries Level 4.
+
+The name reads as **p CSS** — Ruby's `p` method (puts-inspect) applied to CSS.
+Installed under the gem name `p_css`; the top-level module is `CSS`.
+
+```ruby
+require 'p_css'
+
+CSS.parse_stylesheet('.foo { color: red }')
+```
+
+## Why this exists
+
+The Ruby ecosystem already has a few CSS parsers (crass, sass-rb's grammar,
+nokogiri's selector-to-XPath compiler), but each stops at a different layer
+and none of them currently:
+
+- parse modern CSS nesting (`& .child { ... }`),
+- expose a Selectors Level 4 AST you can inspect,
+- match selectors against a DOM in pure Ruby,
+- resolve the cascade so `display: none` in a `<style>` tag actually
+  influences a visibility judgement.
+
+p CSS fills that gap. The first concrete user is
+[capybara-simulated](https://github.com/ursm/capybara-simulated) (a
+Nokogiri + QuickJS Capybara driver that needs to know whether an element
+is hidden without a real browser), but the gem is intentionally general —
+no DOM library is hardwired in.
+
+## What's in the box
+
+| Layer | Entry point | Spec |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Tokenizer | `CSS.tokenize` | Syntax 4 §4 |
+| Parser (with nesting) | `CSS.parse_stylesheet` and §5.3 entry points | Syntax 4 §5, Nesting 1 |
+| Serializer (round-trip) | `CSS.serialize` | Syntax 4 §9 |
+| `urange` | `CSS.parse_urange` | Syntax 4 §6 |
+| Selector parser | `CSS.parse_selector_list`, `CSS.parse_selector` | Selectors 4 |
+| AnB microsyntax | `CSS.parse_anb` | Syntax 4 §6.7 |
+| Specificity | `CSS.specificity` | Selectors §16 |
+| Selector matcher | `CSS.matches?` | Selectors 4 |
+| Nesting de-sugar | `CSS.desugar` | Nesting 1 |
+| Media query parser | `CSS.parse_media_query_list` | Media Queries 4 |
+| Media query evaluator | `CSS.media_matches?` | Media Queries 4 |
+| Cascade resolver | `CSS.cascade(...).resolve(element)` | Cascade & Inheritance 4 (subset) |
+
+## Install
+
+```ruby
+# Gemfile
+gem 'p_css'
+```
+
+Or:
+
+```sh
+bundle add p_css
+```
+
+Ruby 3.3+ is required. The matcher works against any object that quacks like
+a DOM element (`Nokogiri::XML::Element` works out of the box); Nokogiri is not
+a hard dependency.
+
+## Quick tour
+
+### Parse a stylesheet
+
+```ruby
+ss = CSS.parse_stylesheet(<<~CSS)
+  .card, .panel {
+    color: red;
+    & .title { font-weight: 700; }
+    @media (min-width: 600px) { padding: 2rem; }
+  }
+CSS
+
+ss.rules.size                     # => 1
+ss.rules.first.block.items.count  # => 3 (1 declaration + 1 nested rule + 1 nested at-rule)
+```
+
+`CSS.parse` is an alias of `CSS.parse_stylesheet`.
+
+### Round-trip
+
+`CSS.serialize` accepts any AST node, Token, or array of component values, and
+emits CSS that re-parses to the same AST.
+
+```ruby
+src = '.foo { color: #abc; & .x { font-weight: 700 !important; } }'
+CSS.serialize(CSS.parse_stylesheet(src))
+# => ".foo {\n  color: #abc;\n  & .x {\n    font-weight: 700 !important;\n  }\n}"
+```
+
+### Spec entry points
+
+```ruby
+CSS.parse_rule('@charset "UTF-8";')                  # one rule
+CSS.parse_declaration('color: red !important')       # one declaration
+CSS.parse_block_contents('color: red; padding: 1em') # for `style="..."` etc.
+CSS.parse_component_value('rgb(1, 2, 3)')            # one component value
+CSS.parse_component_values('1px solid red')          # array of component values
+CSS.parse_comma_separated_values('1px, 2px, 3px')    # array of arrays
+```
+
+### Comments and source positions
+
+```ruby
+ts = CSS.tokenize("a /* hi */ b\n c", preserve_comments: true)
+ts.map { [it.type, it.value, it.position.to_s] }
+# => [[:ident, "a", "1:1"],
+#     [:whitespace, nil, "1:2"],
+#     [:comment, " hi ", "1:3"],
+#     ...]
+```
+
+`Token#position` is set during tokenization (`line`, `column`, `offset`,
+`end_offset`). Equality on `Token` ignores position, so hand-built tokens still
+compare equal to parsed ones.
+
+`ParseError#position` carries the same information, and the message is prefixed
+`line:col:` when available.
+
+### Selectors
+
+```ruby
+sl = CSS.parse_selector_list('.card > a:hover, [data-x="y" i]:nth-child(2n+1)')
+sl.selectors.size                   # => 2
+sl.selectors[0].combinators         # => [:child]
+
+compound = sl.selectors[1].compounds[0]
+attr = compound.components[0]
+attr.matcher                        # => :exact
+attr.case_flag                      # => :i
+
+nth = compound.components[1]
+nth.argument                        # => CSS::Selectors::AnB(step: 2, offset: 1)
+```
+
+The selector parser also accepts the prelude of a parsed rule directly (the
+prelude can contain `Function` / `SimpleBlock` nodes from the main parser; they
+are flattened back into a token stream automatically):
+
+```ruby
+ss = CSS.parse_stylesheet('.x { ... }')
+CSS.parse_selector_list(ss.rules.first.prelude)
+```
+
+### Specificity
+
+```ruby
+CSS.specificity(CSS.parse_selector_list('div.a#b')) # => Specificity(1, 1, 1)
+CSS.specificity(CSS.parse_selector_list(':where(#x)')) # => Specificity(0, 0, 0)
+CSS.specificity(CSS.parse_selector_list(':is(.a, #b)')) # => Specificity(1, 0, 0)
+```
+
+`Specificity` is `Comparable`, so `>`, `<`, `==` work as expected.
+
+### Matcher
+
+`CSS.matches?(element, selector)` checks whether a duck-typed element matches a
+selector. The element must respond to `name` (or `tag_name`), `[]`, `parent`,
+sibling navigation (`previous_element` / `next_element` if defined; otherwise
+`previous_sibling` / `next_sibling`), and `children`. Nokogiri elements satisfy
+this without any wrapping.
+
+```ruby
+require 'nokogiri'
+
+doc = Nokogiri::HTML(<<~HTML)
+  <ul>
+    <li>one</li>
+    <li class="active">two</li>
+    <li>three</li>
+  </ul>
+HTML
+
+active = doc.at_css('li.active')
+CSS.matches?(active, 'li:nth-child(2n)')                 # => true
+CSS.matches?(active, ':is(.active, .selected)')          # => true
+CSS.matches?(active, 'ul > li:not(:first-child)')        # => true
+```
+
+Stateful pseudo-classes (`:hover`, `:focus`, `:visited`, validity API states,
+etc.) return `false` by default — there's no UA in the loop. Pass a `state:`
+Hash to opt in; see [Stateful pseudo-classes](#stateful-pseudo-classes)
+below. `:has()` is not yet implemented (its argument is kept as opaque
+component values).
+
+### Nesting de-sugar
+
+`CSS.desugar` returns a flat Stylesheet with `&` substituted by the parent
+selector. Single-compound parents inline directly; multi-selector parents
+collapse to `:is(...)`.
+
+```ruby
+src = <<~CSS
+  .card, .panel {
+    color: red;
+    & .title { font-weight: 700; }
+  }
+CSS
+
+CSS.serialize(CSS.desugar(CSS.parse_stylesheet(src)))
+# .card, .panel {
+#   color: red;
+# }
+# :is(.card, .panel) .title {
+#   font-weight: 700;
+# }
+```
+
+### Media queries
+
+```ruby
+ql = CSS.parse_media_query_list('screen and (600px <= width < 1200px)')
+
+ctx = CSS::MediaQueries::Context.default('width' => 800)
+CSS.media_matches?(ql, ctx)         # => true
+
+ctx = CSS::MediaQueries::Context.default('width' => 1500)
+CSS.media_matches?(ql, ctx)         # => false
+```
+
+`Context` is a feature-name-keyed Hash with sensible defaults (1024×768
+landscape light-mode screen). Override per call:
+
+```ruby
+ctx = CSS::MediaQueries::Context.default(
+  'width' => 1200,
+  'prefers-color-scheme' => 'dark'
+)
+```
+
+Length units (px, em, rem, pt, pc, in, cm, mm, Q) are converted to CSS px
+against a 16-px root assumption; resolution units (dppx, x, dpi, dpcm) to
+dppx.
+
+### Cascade
+
+`Cascade` resolves the winning declaration per property for one element.
+Construct once per stylesheet (selectors, media queries, and specificities are
+pre-computed); call `resolve(element)` cheaply per element.
+
+```ruby
+ss = CSS.parse_stylesheet(<<~CSS)
+  p { color: black; }
+  .lead { color: blue; }
+  p.special { color: red !important; }
+  @media (max-width: 600px) {
+    .lead { font-size: 0.875rem; }
+  }
+CSS
+
+ctx     = CSS::MediaQueries::Context.default('width' => 1024)
+cascade = CSS.cascade(ss, context: ctx)
+
+el = Nokogiri::HTML('<p class="lead special">…</p>').at_css('p')
+winners = cascade.resolve(el, inline_style: el['style'])
+
+CSS.serialize(winners['color'].value)   # => "red"
+winners['color'].important              # => true
+winners['font-size']                    # => nil  (only fires for max-width: 600px)
+```
+
+The cascade sort follows: `!important` > inline > stylesheet > specificity >
+source order. Cascade layers, `@scope` proximity, and Shadow DOM
+encapsulation are not modeled — `@layer` / `@supports` / `@scope` /
+`@container` / `@starting-style` blocks are descended into unconditionally.
+
+### Stateful pseudo-classes
+
+`:hover`, `:focus`, `:focus-within`, `:focus-visible`, `:active`, `:visited`,
+and `:target` return `false` from the matcher by default. Pass a `state:`
+Hash to override:
+
+```ruby
+state = {
+  hover:           Set[hovered_element],   # match these and their ancestors
+  focus:           Set[focused_element],   # match only this element
+  'focus-within' => Set[el],               # propagates to ancestors
+  active:          true                    # match every element
+}
+
+CSS.matches?(element, ':hover', state: state)
+cascade.resolve(element, state: state)
+```
+
+Values:
+
+- `Set` or `Array` of elements — matches those elements (and, for
+  `:hover`, `:active`, `:focus-within`, their ancestors per Selectors §10)
+- `true` — matches every element
+- falsy / missing — default behavior; never matches
+
+Symbol and String keys are both accepted. Hyphenated names (`focus-within`,
+`focus-visible`) read more naturally as String keys.
+
+#### Limits of stateful matching
+
+The API gives you the primitives but not a policy. Two patterns are
+inherently hard:
+
+- **`hover: true` over-reveals.** Every `:hover`-gated rule matches every
+  element, so multiple dropdowns / popovers / menus all become "visible"
+  simultaneously. Useful for "is this element *potentially* visible
+  somehow?" but not for unique-match queries.
+
+- **Peer-row reveal patterns are unsolvable without mouse position.**
+  Stylesheets like `.row:hover .icon-copy { display: block }` reveal one
+  icon per row when its row is hovered. Per-candidate evaluation (giving
+  each candidate its own ancestor chain in the hover Set) doesn't break
+  the symmetry — every candidate sees its own `.row` ancestor as hovered
+  and reports itself visible. Real browsers disambiguate via the actual
+  mouse position; a headless analyzer can't reproduce that without the
+  test explicitly recording which element it treats as hovered (e.g. via
+  Capybara's `element.hover`).
+
+The recommendation for tools layered on top of p CSS: track explicit hover
+actions and pass the corresponding Set; for queries that depend on
+hover-based uniqueness without an explicit hover, treat them as fragile
+and disambiguate by `text:` / `id:` / data attributes instead of relying
+on stateful CSS.
+
+### `urange`
+
+```ruby
+r = CSS.parse_urange('U+10??')
+r.first      # => 0x1000
+r.last       # => 0x10FF
+r.cover?(0x10AB)  # => true
+r.to_s       # => "U+1000-10FF"
+```
+
+## Out of scope
+
+These are deliberate omissions; pull requests welcome:
+
+- Selectors Level 4 namespace prefixes (`ns|*`)
+- The column combinator `||`
+- `:has()` (relative selector list — needs a small AST extension)
+- Strict/forgiving selector list distinction
+- `@scope` proximity and the rest of the Cascade Layers spec
+- Layout calculations (`display: block` vs flex sizing, `overflow: hidden`
+  clipping). p CSS reports the resolved property values; deciding whether
+  those values produce a zero-sized box is outside its scope.
+
+## Compatibility
+
+Ruby 3.3+. Tested on the current MRI. No mandatory runtime dependencies.
+
+## License
+
+MIT.

data/ext/css_native/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+[package]
+name    = "css_native"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+publish = false
+
+[lib]
+crate-type = ["cdylib"]
+
+[dependencies]
+magnus = "0.8"
+rb-sys = "0.9"

data/ext/css_native/extconf.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+require 'mkmf'
+require 'rb_sys/mkmf'
+
+create_rust_makefile('css/css_native')