oxford_learners_dictionaries 0.1 → 0.1.1

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Files changed (15) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +4 -4
  2. data/README.md +6 -5
  3. data/Rakefile +1 -1
  4. data/lib/oxford_learners_dictionaries/english.rb +17 -32
  5. data/lib/oxford_learners_dictionaries/version.rb +1 -1
  6. data/oxford_learners_dictionaries.gemspec +1 -0
  7. data/spec/fixtures/car.html +521 -364
  8. data/spec/fixtures/election.html +464 -364
  9. data/spec/fixtures/get.html +672 -364
  10. data/spec/fixtures/however.html +443 -364
  11. data/spec/fixtures/lion.html +481 -363
  12. data/spec/fixtures/live.html +627 -364
  13. data/spec/fixtures/take.html +676 -364
  14. data/spec/oxford_learners_dictionaries/english_spec.rb +11 -0
  15. metadata +16 -2
data/spec/fixtures/election.html CHANGED
@@ -1,78 +1,145 @@
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  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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  <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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  <head>
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- <title>election - Definition and pronunciation | Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com</title>
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+ <title>election noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes | Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com</title>
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  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
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- <meta name="description" content="election - Clear definition, audio pronunciation, synonyms and related words, real example sentences, grammar, usage notes and more in Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com - a free online dictionary. Look it up now!" />
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- <meta name="keywords" content="election, online dictionary, Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary, election definition, define election, definition of election, election pronunciation, pronounce election, election meaning, election examples, election example sentences, election synonyms. election Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary grammar" />
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-
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- <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/election"/>
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- <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-US" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election"/>
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- <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-MX" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election"/>
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- <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-PH" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election"/>
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- <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-BR" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election"/>
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- <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-CO" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election"/>
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- <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
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+ <meta name="description" content="Definition of electionnoun in Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary. Meaning, pronunciation, picture, example sentences, grammar, usage notes, synonyms and more." />
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+ <meta name="keywords" content="election noun, online dictionary, Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary, election definition, define election, definition of election, election pronunciation, pronounce election, election meaning, election examples, election synonyms, picture, election grammar" />
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+
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+
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+ <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/election.html" />
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+ <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-US" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election.html" />
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+ <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-MX" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election.html" />
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+ <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-PH" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election.html" />
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+ <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-BR" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election.html" />
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+ <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en-CO" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/us/definition/english/election.html" />
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+ <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" />
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  <meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width, initial-scale=1'>
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- <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/interface.css?version=1.1.28" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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- <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/responsive3columns.css?version=1.1.28" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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- <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/oxford.css?version=1.1.28" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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- <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/jquery.lightbox-0.5.css?version=1.1.28" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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- <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/print.css?version=1.1.28" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" />
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- <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript" src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/scripts/navigation_menu.js?version=1.1.28"></script>
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- <script type='text/javascript'>
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- var googletag = googletag || {};
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- googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
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- (function() {
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- var gads = document.createElement('script');
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- gads.async = true;
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- gads.type = 'text/javascript';
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- var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol;
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- gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') +'//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js';
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- var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
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- node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node);
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- })();
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-
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- googletag.cmd.push(function() {
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- var smartphone = false;
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- var tablet = false;
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- var hd = false;
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- try{
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- var smartphone = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 761px)").matches;
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- var tablet = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 762px) and (max-width: 928px)").matches;
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- var hd = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 1220px)").matches;
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- }catch(err){}
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- var desktop = (!smartphone && !tablet && !hd);
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- if (smartphone && false || tablet && true || desktop && true || hd && true)
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- googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/Entry_728x90', [728, 90], 'dfp_ad_Entry_728x90').addService(googletag.pubads());
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- if (smartphone && false || tablet && true || desktop && true || hd && true)
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- googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/Entry_160x600', [160, 600], 'dfp_ad_Entry_160x600').addService(googletag.pubads());
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- if (smartphone && true || tablet && true || desktop && true || hd && true)
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- googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/Entry_180x150', [180, 150], 'dfp_ad_Entry_180x150').addService(googletag.pubads());
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- if (smartphone && true || tablet && false || desktop && false || hd && false)
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- googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/Entry_320x50', [320, 50], 'dfp_ad_Entry_320x50').addService(googletag.pubads());
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- if (smartphone && true || tablet && false || desktop && false || hd && false)
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- googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/Entry_300x250', [300, 250], 'dfp_ad_Entry_300x250').addService(googletag.pubads());
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- if (smartphone && false || tablet && true || desktop && true || hd && true)
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- googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/Entry_Btm_300x250', [300, 250], 'dfp_ad_Entry_Btm_300x250').addService(googletag.pubads());
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- googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();
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- googletag.enableServices();
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- });
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- </script>
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+ <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/interface.css?version=1.4.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+ <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/responsive.css?version=1.4.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+ <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/oxford.css?version=1.4.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+ <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/jquery.lightbox-0.5.css?version=1.4.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+ <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/print.css?version=1.4.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" />
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+ <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/autocomplete.css?version=1.4.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+ <script type='text/javascript'>
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+ var googletag = googletag || {};
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+ googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
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+ var dfpSlots = {};
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+ (function() {
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+ var gads = document.createElement('script');
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+ gads.async = true;
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+ gads.type = 'text/javascript';
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+ var useSSL = 'https:' == document.location.protocol;
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+ gads.src = (useSSL ? 'https:' : 'http:') +'//www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js';
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+ var node = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
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+ node.parentNode.insertBefore(gads, node);
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+ })();
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+ googletag.cmd.push(function() {
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+ var mapping_topslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping()
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+
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+ .addSize([1203, 0], [1, 1]) // hd (CSS min-width: 1220)
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+ .addSize([745, 0], [728, 90]) // tablet (CSS min-width: 762)
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+ .addSize([0, 0], [320, 50]) // mobile
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+ .build();
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+ dfpSlots["topslot_a"] = googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/topslot', [728, 90], 'ad_topslot_a')
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+ .defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_a)
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+ .setTargeting('old_vp', 'top')
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+ .setTargeting('old_hp', 'center')
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+ .addService(googletag.pubads());
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+ var mapping_topslot_b = googletag.sizeMapping()
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+
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+ .addSize([1203, 0], [728, 90]) // hd (CSS min-width: 1220)
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+ .addSize([0, 0], [1, 1]) // mobile
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+ .build();
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+ dfpSlots["topslot_b"] = googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/topslot', [1, 1], 'ad_topslot_b')
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+ .defineSizeMapping(mapping_topslot_b)
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+ .setTargeting('old_vp', 'top')
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+ .setTargeting('old_hp', 'center')
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+ .addService(googletag.pubads());
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+ var mapping_btmslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping()
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+
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+ .addSize([745, 0], [300, 250]) // tablet (CSS min-width: 762)
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+ .addSize([0, 0], [1, 1]) // mobile
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+ .build();
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+ dfpSlots["btmslot_a"] = googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/btmslot', [300, 250], 'ad_btmslot_a')
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+ .defineSizeMapping(mapping_btmslot_a)
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+ .setTargeting('old_vp', 'btm')
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+ .setTargeting('old_hp', 'center')
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+ .addService(googletag.pubads());
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+ var mapping_btmslot_b = googletag.sizeMapping()
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+
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+ .addSize([745, 0], [1, 1]) // tablet (CSS min-width: 762)
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+ .addSize([0, 0], [300, 250]) // mobile
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+ .build();
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+ dfpSlots["btmslot_b"] = googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/btmslot', [1, 1], 'ad_btmslot_b')
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+ .defineSizeMapping(mapping_btmslot_b)
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+ .setTargeting('old_vp', 'btm')
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+ .setTargeting('old_hp', 'center')
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+ .addService(googletag.pubads());
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+ var mapping_houseslot1_a = googletag.sizeMapping()
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+
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+ .addSize([0, 0], [180, 150]) // mobile
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+ .build();
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+ dfpSlots["houseslot1_a"] = googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/houseslot1', [180, 150], 'ad_houseslot1_a')
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+ .defineSizeMapping(mapping_houseslot1_a)
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+ .setTargeting('old_vp', 'btm')
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+ .setTargeting('old_hp', 'right')
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+ .addService(googletag.pubads());
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+ var mapping_leftslot_a = googletag.sizeMapping()
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+
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+ .addSize([745, 0], [160, 600]) // tablet (CSS min-width: 762)
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+ .addSize([0, 0], [1, 1]) // mobile
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+ .build();
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+ dfpSlots["leftslot_a"] = googletag.defineSlot('/70903302/leftslot', [160, 600], 'ad_leftslot_a')
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+ .defineSizeMapping(mapping_leftslot_a)
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+ .setTargeting('old_vp', 'top')
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+ .setTargeting('old_hp', 'left')
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+ .addService(googletag.pubads());
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+ googletag.pubads().setTargeting("old_l", "en");
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+ googletag.pubads().setTargeting("old_pr", "free");
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+ googletag.pubads().setTargeting("old_pc", "dictionary");
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+ googletag.pubads().setTargeting("old_dc", "english");
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+ googletag.pubads().setTargeting("old_ei", "election");
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+
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+ googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();
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+ googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(false);
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+ googletag.enableServices();
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+ });
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+ function getDeviceByResolution() {
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+ var res = null;
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+ if (window.matchMedia("(max-width: 761px)").matches)
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+ res = "mobile";
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+ else if (window.matchMedia("(min-width: 762px) and (max-width: 928px)").matches)
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+ res = "tablet";
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+ else if (window.matchMedia("(min-width: 1220px)").matches)
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+ res = "hd";
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+ else
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+ res = "desktop";
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+ return res;
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+ }
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+ var curResolution = getDeviceByResolution();
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+ window.onresize = function() {
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+ var newResolution = getDeviceByResolution();
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+ if (newResolution != curResolution) {
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+ curResolution = newResolution;
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+ googletag.pubads().refresh();
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+ }
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+ };
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+ </script>
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  <!--[if gte IE 7 ]>
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- <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/oxford-ie.css?version=1.1.28" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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+ <link href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/styles/oxford-ie.css?version=1.4.0" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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  <![endif]-->
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- <!--[if IE 9]><script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/scripts/matchMedia.js?version=1.1.28"></script><![endif]-->
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- <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/images/favicon.ico?version=1.1.28"/>
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+ <!--[if IE 9]><script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/scripts/matchMedia.js?version=1.4.0"></script><![endif]-->
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+ <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/images/favicon.ico?version=1.4.0"/>
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+ <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript" src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/common.js?version=1.4.0"></script>
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  </head>
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- <body>
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- <noscript>
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+ <body >
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+ <noscript>
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  <div id="cookieLaw">We use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies. You can change your cookie settings at any time. <a href='http://global.oup.com/cookiepolicy/?siteid=oaadonline' target='_blank'>Find out more</a></div>
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  </noscript>
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  <div id="ox-container">
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@@ -96,105 +163,116 @@
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- <div id="ox-header">
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- <div class="responsive_row top">
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- <div class="nav" style="float:left;">
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/">Home</a>
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- </div>
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- <div class="nav">
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- <div class="menu responsive_hide_on_smartphone">
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- <ul>
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- <li></li>
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- <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/">Wordlists</a></li>
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- <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/about/">About</a></li>
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- </ul>
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- </div>
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- <div class="responsive_display_on_smartphone">
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- <a id="toggleMenu" class="toggleMenuBg" href="#" onclick="displayMenu('navMenu')">
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- </a>
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- </div>
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- </div>
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- </div>
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- <nav id="navMenu" style="display:none;">
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- <div class="navMenuLeft"><div class="navMenuContainer"><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/"><b>Wordlists</b></a></div></div>
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- <div class="navMenuRight"><div class="navMenuContainer"><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/about/"><b>About</b></a></div></div>
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-
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-
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- </nav>
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+
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+ <div id="ox-header" class="">
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+ <div class="responsive_row flush-below top">
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+ <div class="responsive_container responsive_display_on_smartphone">
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+ <div class="menu_button"></div>
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+ </div>
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+ <div class="nav responsive_container main_nav">
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+ <ul class="menu">
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+ <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/">Home</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/">Topics</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/">Wordlists</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/mywordlist/">My Wordlists</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/about/">About</a></li>
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+ <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/faq/">FAQ</a></li>
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+ </ul>
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+
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+ <div class="menu login-circle ">
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+ <ul>
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+ <li><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/account/login">Log in or Get Premium</a></li>
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+ </ul>
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+ </div>
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+ </div>
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+ <a class='go-to-top responsive_display_on_smartphone' href='#wrap' title='back to top'>Back to Top</a>
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  </div>
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- <div class="responsive_container">
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- <div class="responsive_row"><div class="old-logo-title"></div></div>
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- <div class="responsive_mainsearch_center">
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- <div class="mainsearch responsive_row">
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- <form id="search-form" method="get" action="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/search/english/direct/" onsubmit="return checkSearch('Type here');">
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- <div class="dictionarySelector"> <select id="dictionary-selector">
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+ <div class="responsive_container ">
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+ <div class="old-logo-title responsive_hide_on_smartphone"></div>
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+ <div class="responsive_display_on_smartphone"><a class="old-logo-title" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/"></a></div>
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+ <div class="mainsearch responsive_row">
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+ <form id="search-form" method="get" action="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/search/english/direct/" onsubmit="return checkSearch('Type here');">
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+ <div class="dictionarySelector"> <select id="dictionary-selector">
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  <option value="english" selected="selected">English</option>
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  <option value="american_english" >American English</option>
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  </select>
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  </div>
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- <input type="text" id="q" name="q"
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- value="Type here" class="searchfield"
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- onfocus="this.value=(this.value=='Type here') ? changeText('', this) : this.value;"
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- onblur="this.value=(this.value=='') ? changeText('Type here', this) : this.value;" />
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- <input type="submit" id="search-btn" value="" />
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- </form>
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- </div>
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- </div>
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- <div class="responsive_row" id="leaderboardOthers">
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-
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-
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- <div class='responsive_align_left_on_smartphone responsive_hide_on_tablet responsive_hide_on_desktop responsive_hide_on_hd'>
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- <div id='dfp_ad_Entry_320x50' style='width:320px; height:50px;'>
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- <script type='text/javascript'>
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- var smartphone = false;
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- var tablet = false;
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- var hd = false;
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- try{
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- var smartphone = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 761px)").matches;
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- var tablet = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 762px) and (max-width: 928px)").matches;
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- var hd = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 1220px)").matches;
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- }catch(err){}
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- var desktop = (!smartphone && !tablet && !hd);
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- if (smartphone && true || tablet && false || desktop && false || hd && false)
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- googletag.cmd.push(function() {googletag.display('dfp_ad_Entry_320x50'); });
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- </script>
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- </div>
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+ <input type="text" id="q" name="q"
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+ value="Type here" class="searchfield"
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+ onfocus="this.value=(this.value=='Type here') ? changeText('', this) : this.value;"
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+ onblur="this.value=(this.value=='') ? changeText('Type here', this) : this.value;" />
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+ <div class="inputSuggestions" style=""></div>
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+ <input type="submit" id="search-btn" value="" />
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+ </form>
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+ </div>
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- </div>
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- </div>
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+
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+ <div class="responsive_hide_on_hd responsive_center_on_smartphone" id="leaderboardOthers">
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+ <div id='ad_topslot_a' class='am-default'>
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+ <script type='text/javascript'>
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+ googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('ad_topslot_a'); });
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+ </script>
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+ </div>
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+ </div>
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  <div class="responsive_row">
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- <div class="responsive_cell_left">
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-
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-
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- <div class=' responsive_hide_on_smartphone'>
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- <div id='dfp_ad_Entry_160x600' style='width:160px; height:600px;'>
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- <script type='text/javascript'>
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- var smartphone = false;
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- var tablet = false;
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- var hd = false;
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- try{
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- var smartphone = window.matchMedia("(max-width: 761px)").matches;
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- var tablet = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 762px) and (max-width: 928px)").matches;
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- var hd = window.matchMedia("(min-width: 1220px)").matches;
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- }catch(err){}
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- var desktop = (!smartphone && !tablet && !hd);
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- if (smartphone && false || tablet && true || desktop && true || hd && true)
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- googletag.cmd.push(function() {googletag.display('dfp_ad_Entry_160x600'); });
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+ <div class="responsive_entry_left">
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+ <div id='ad_leftslot_a' class='am-default'>
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+ <div id="entryContent"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="entry" id="election"><ol class="h-g" id="election__1"><div class="top-container"><div class="top-g" id="election__2">
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+ <div class="webtop-g">
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+ <a class="oxford3000" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/english/oxford3000/"> </a><span class="z"> </span><h2 class="h">election</h2><span class="z"> </span><span class="pos">noun</span><!-- End of DIV webtop-g--></div><span class="pos-g" id="election__7"><span class="pos" id="election__8">noun</span></span><div class="pron-gs ei-g" eid="election__9" psg="ald8_election_prongs_1" resource="phonetics" source="ald8"><span class="pron-g" id="election__10" geo="br" trans="ald8"><span class="prefix">BrE</span> <span class="phon" eid="election__11"><span class="bre">BrE</span><span class="separator">/</span><span class="wrap">/</span>ɪˈlekʃn<span class="wrap">/</span><span class="separator">/</span></span><div class="sound audio_play_button pron-uk icon-audio" data-src-mp3="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/uk_pron/e/ele/elect/election__gb_1.mp3" data-src-ogg="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/uk_pron_ogg/e/ele/elect/election__gb_1.ogg" title=" pronunciation English" style="cursor: pointer" valign="top"> <!-- End of DIV sound audio_play_button pron-uk icon-audio--></div></span><span class="sep">;</span> <span class="pron-g" id="election__12" geo="n_am" trans="ald8"><span class="prefix">NAmE</span> <span class="phon" eid="election__13"><span class="name">NAmE</span><span class="separator">/</span><span class="wrap">/</span>ɪˈlekʃn<span class="wrap">/</span><span class="separator">/</span></span><div class="sound audio_play_button pron-us icon-audio" data-src-mp3="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/us_pron/e/ele/elect/election__us_1.mp3" data-src-ogg="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/us_pron_ogg/e/ele/elect/election__us_1.ogg" title=" pronunciation American" style="cursor: pointer" valign="top"> <!-- End of DIV sound audio_play_button pron-us icon-audio--></div></span><!-- End of DIV pron-gs ei-g--></div><span class="res-g" hide="y" psg="top_topics"> <span class="xr-gs"><a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/elections/election" title="Topic Elections"><span class="xr-g" resource="topicdict"><span class="xh">Elections</span></span></a></span></span><div class="clear"> <!-- End of DIV clear--></div>
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+ <div class="btn icon-left-colapse wl-add"><a id="add-to-mywordlist-link" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/mywordlist/">Add to my wordlist</a><!-- End of DIV btn icon-left-colapse wl-add--></div><a class="responsive_display_inline_on_smartphone link-right" href="#relatedentries">jump to other results</a><br/><!-- End of DIV top-g--></div><!-- End of DIV top-container--></div><span class="sn-gs" id="election__14"><li class="sn-g" id="election__15" ox3000="y"><span class="num">1 </span><span class="sym_first">
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+ <a class="oxford3000" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/english/oxford3000/"> </a></span><span class="gram-g" id="election__16"><span class="wrap">[</span><span class="gram" id="election__17" gram="u">uncountable</span><span class="sep">,</span> <span class="gram" id="election__18" gram="c">countable</span><span class="wrap">]</span></span> <span class="def" id="election__19">the process of choosing a person or a group of people for a position, especially a political position, by voting</span><span class="x-gs" id="election__20"><span class="x-g" id="election__21"> <span class="x" id="election__22"><span class="cl"><strong>election campaigns/results</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__24"> <span class="label-g" id="election__25"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__26" geo="br">especially British English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> <span class="rx-g" id="election__27" resource="recx" source="ald9"><span class="x" id="election__28">How many candidates are <span class="cl"><strong>standing for election</strong></span>?</span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__32"> <span class="label-g" id="election__33"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__34" geo="n_am">especially North American English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> <span class="x" id="election__35">to <span class="cl"><strong>run for election</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__37"> <span class="x" id="election__38">to <span class="cl"><strong>win/lose an election</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__40"> <span class="x" id="election__41">to <span class="cl"><strong>fight an election</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__43"> <span class="x" id="election__44">to <span class="cl"><strong>vote in an election</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__46"> <span class="rx-g" id="election__47" resource="recx" source="ald9"><span class="x" id="election__48">In America, presidential <span class="cl"><strong>elections are held</strong></span> every four years.</span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__52"> <span class="rx-g" id="election__53" resource="recx" source="ald9"><span class="x" id="election__54">The prime minister is about to <span class="cl"><strong>call</strong></span> <span class="gl" id="election__56"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="prefix">=</span> announce<span class="wrap">)</span></span> <span class="cl"><strong>an election</strong></span>.</span></span></span></span><span class="collapse" title="Synonyms"><span class="unbox" id="election__60" unbox="synonyms"> <span class="heading">Synonyms</span><span class="body" id="election__61"><span class="h1" id="election__62">election</span><span class="inline" id="election__63"><span class="li" id="election__64">vote</span> <span class="li" id="election__65">poll</span> <span class="li" id="election__66">referendum</span> <span class="li" id="election__67">ballot</span></span><span class="p" id="election__68">These are all words for an event in which people choose a representative or decide something by voting.</span><span class="deflist" id="election__69"><span class="li" id="election__70"><span class="eb" id="election__71">election</span> an occasion on which people officially choose a political representative or government by voting:<span class="x-gs" id="election__72"><span class="x-g" id="election__73"><span class="x" id="election__74">Who did you vote for in the last election?</span></span></span></span><span class="li" id="election__75"><span class="eb" id="election__76">vote</span> an occasion on which a group of people vote for somebody/something:<span class="x-gs" id="election__77"><span class="x-g" id="election__78"><span class="x" id="election__79">They took a vote on who should go first.</span></span></span></span><span class="li" id="election__80"><span class="eb" id="election__81">poll</span> (<span class="ei" id="election__82">journalism</span>) the process of voting in an election:<span class="x-gs" id="election__83"><span class="x-g" id="election__84"><span class="x" id="election__85">They suffered a defeat <span class="eb" id="election__86">at the polls</span>.</span></span></span></span><span class="li" id="election__87"><span class="eb" id="election__88">referendum</span> an occasion on which all the adults in a country can vote on a particular issue</span><span class="li" id="election__89"><span class="eb" id="election__90">ballot</span> the system of voting by marking an election paper, especially in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held:<span class="x-gs" id="election__91"><span class="x-g" id="election__92"><span class="x" id="election__93">The leader will be chosen by secret ballot.</span></span></span> <span class="un" id="election__94" un="note"><span class="eb" id="election__95">Ballot</span> is usually used about a vote within an organization rather than an occasion on which the public vote.</span></span></span><span class="h3" id="election__96">Patterns</span><span class="bullet" id="election__97"><span class="li" id="election__98"> a <span class="eb" id="election__99">national/local</span> election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot</span><span class="li" id="election__100"> to <span class="eb" id="election__101">have/hold/conduct</span> a(n) election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot</span></span></span></span></span><span class="collapse" title="Collocations"><span class="unbox" id="election__102" unbox="colloc"> <span class="heading">Collocations</span><span class="body" id="election__103"><span class="h1" id="election__104">Voting in elections</span><span class="h2" id="election__105">Running for election</span><span class="bullet" id="election__106"><span class="li" id="election__107"> <span class="eb" id="election__108">conduct/hold</span> an election/a referendum</span><span class="li" id="election__109"> <span class="label-g" id="election__110"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__111" geo="n_am">especially North American English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> <span class="eb" id="election__112">run for</span> office/election/governor/mayor/president/the White House</span><span class="li" id="election__113"> <span class="label-g" id="election__114"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__115" geo="br">especially British English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> <span class="eb" id="election__116">stand for</span> election/office/Parliament/the Labour Party/a second term</span><span class="li" id="election__117"> <span class="eb" id="election__118">hold/call/contest</span> a general/national election</span><span class="li" id="election__119"> <span class="eb" id="election__120">launch/run</span> a presidential election campaign</span><span class="li" id="election__121"> <span class="eb" id="election__122">support/back</span> a candidate</span><span class="li" id="election__123"> <span class="eb" id="election__124">sway/convince/persuade</span> voters/the electorate</span><span class="li" id="election__125"> <span class="eb" id="election__126">appeal to/attract/woo/target</span> <span class="label-g" id="election__127"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__128" geo="n_am">North American English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> swing voters/<span class="label-g" id="election__129"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__130" geo="br">British English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> floating voters</span><span class="li" id="election__131"> <span class="eb" id="election__132">fix/rig/steal</span> an election/the vote</span></span><span class="h2" id="election__133">Voting</span><span class="bullet" id="election__134"><span class="li" id="election__135"> <span class="eb" id="election__136">go to/be turned away from</span> <span class="label-g" id="election__137"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__138" geo="br">especially British English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> a polling station/<span class="label-g" id="election__139"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__140" geo="n_am">North American English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> a polling place</span><span class="li" id="election__141"> <span class="eb" id="election__142">cast</span> a/your vote/ballot (for somebody)</span><span class="li" id="election__143"> <span class="eb" id="election__144">vote for</span> the Conservative candidate/the Democratic party</span><span class="li" id="election__145"> <span class="eb" id="election__146">mark/spoil</span> your ballot paper</span><span class="li" id="election__147"> <span class="eb" id="election__148">count</span> <span class="label-g" id="election__149"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__150" geo="br">British English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> the postal votes/<span class="label-g" id="election__151"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="geo" id="election__152" geo="n_am">especially North American English</span><span class="wrap">)</span></span> the absentee ballots</span><span class="li" id="election__153"> <span class="eb" id="election__154">go to/be defeated at</span> the ballot box</span><span class="li" id="election__155"> <span class="eb" id="election__156">get/win/receive/lose</span> votes</span><span class="li" id="election__157"> <span class="eb" id="election__158">get/win</span> (60% of) the popular/black/Hispanic/Latino/Muslim vote</span><span class="li" id="election__159"> <span class="eb" id="election__160">win</span> the election/(<span class="ei" id="election__161">in the US</span>) the primaries/a seat in Parliament/a majority/power</span><span class="li" id="election__162"> <span class="eb" id="election__163">lose</span> an election/the vote/your majority/your seat</span><span class="li" id="election__164"> <span class="eb" id="election__165">win/come to power in</span> a landslide (victory) (= with many more votes than any other party)</span><span class="li" id="election__166"> <span class="eb" id="election__167">elect/re-elect somebody (as)</span> mayor/president/an MP/senator/congressman/congresswoman</span></span><span class="h2" id="election__168">Taking power</span><span class="bullet" id="election__169"><span class="li" id="election__170"> <span class="eb" id="election__171">be sworn</span> into office/in as president</span><span class="li" id="election__172"> <span class="eb" id="election__173">take/administer</span> (<span class="ei" id="election__174">in the US</span>) the oath of office</span><span class="li" id="election__175"> <span class="eb" id="election__176">swear/take</span> (<span class="ei" id="election__177">in the UK</span>) an/the oath of allegiance</span><span class="li" id="election__178"> <span class="eb" id="election__179">give/deliver</span> (<span class="ei" id="election__180">in the US</span>) the president’s inaugural address</span><span class="li" id="election__181"> <span class="eb" id="election__182">take/enter/hold/leave</span> office</span><span class="li" id="election__183"> <span class="eb" id="election__184">appoint somebody (as)</span> ambassador/governor/judge/minister</span><span class="li" id="election__185"> <span class="eb" id="election__186">form</span> a government/a cabinet</span><span class="li" id="election__187"> <span class="eb" id="election__188">serve</span> two terms as prime minister/in office</span></span></span></span></span><span class="collapse" title="Culture"><span class="unbox" id="election__189" unbox="cult" psg="Guide-NonStub"> <span class="heading">Culture</span><span class="body" id="election__190"><span class="h1" id="election__191">elections</span><span class="p" id="election__192">In Britain, a <span class="eb" id="election__193">general election</span> takes place at least every five years, when the <span class="eb" id="election__194">electorate</span> <span class="gl" id="election__195"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="prefix">=</span> all the people in the country who can vote<span class="wrap">)</span></span> vote for the <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">Members of Parliament</span> or <span class="eb" id="election__196">MPs</span> in the <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">House of Commons</span>. Each MP represents a <span class="eb" id="election__197">constituency</span>, which is an area of the country with a roughly equal number of people (about 90 000 people) and is expected to be interested in the affairs of the constituency and to represent the interests of local people. If an MP dies or <span class="ndv" id="election__198">resigns</span>, a <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">by-election</span> is held in the constituency he or she represented. Before an election one person is chosen by each of the main political parties to be their <span class="eb" id="election__199">candidate</span>. <span class="eb" id="election__200">Independent candidates</span>, who do not belong to a political party, can also <span class="eb" id="election__201">stand for election</span>. Each candidate has to leave a <span class="eb" id="election__202">deposit</span> with the <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">returning officer</span>, the person responsible for managing the election, which is returned to them if they win more than 5% of the votes, otherwise they <span class="eb" id="election__203">lose their deposit</span>. Before an election, candidates <span class="ndv" id="election__204">campaign</span> for support in their constituency and local <span class="eb" id="election__205">party workers</span> spend their time <span class="eb" id="election__206">canvassing</span>, going from house to house to ask people about how they intend to vote. At the national level the parties spend a lot of money on advertising and <span class="ndv" id="election__207">media coverage</span>. They cannot buy television time, but each party is allowed a number of strictly timed <span class="xr-g"><span class="ndv">party political broadcasts</span></span>.</span><span class="p" id="election__208">Anyone over the age of 18 has the right to vote at elections, provided they are on the <span class="eb" id="election__209">electoral register</span> <span class="gl" id="election__210"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="prefix">=</span> list of adults in a constituency<span class="wrap">)</span></span>. Voting is not <span class="ndv" id="election__211">compulsory</span>. The <span class="eb" id="election__212">turnout</span> <span class="gl" id="election__213"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="prefix">=</span> number of people who vote<span class="wrap">)</span></span> in recent general elections has been about 60%, although in the past 75% was more usual. On the day of the election, called <span class="eb" id="election__214">polling day</span>, voters go to a <span class="eb" id="election__215">polling station</span>, often in a local school or church hall, and are given a <span class="eb" id="election__216">ballot paper</span>. The ballot paper lists all the candidates for that constituency and the parties they represent. The voter goes into a <span class="eb" id="election__217">polling booth</span>, where nobody can see what he or she is writing, and puts a cross next to the name of one candidate only. After <span class="eb" id="election__218">the polls</span> close, the ballot papers are taken to a central place to be counted. <span class="eb" id="election__219">Counting</span> usually takes place on the same day as the election, continuing late into the night if necessary. If the number of votes for two candidates is very close, they can demand a <span class="eb" id="election__220">recount</span>. Only the candidate who gets the most votes in each constituency is elected. This system is called <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">first-past-the-post</span>. The winning party, which forms the next <span class="eb" id="election__221">government</span>, is the one that wins most <span class="eb" id="election__222">seats</span> in Parliament <span class="gl" id="election__223"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="prefix">=</span> has the most MPs<span class="wrap">)</span></span>.</span><span class="p" id="election__224">In the US, elections are held regularly for President, for both houses of <span class="ndv" type="singlewd">Congress</span> and for state and local government offices. Candidates usually <span class="eb" id="election__225">run for office</span> with the support of one of the two main political parties, the <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">Republican Party</span> or the <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">Democratic Party</span>, although anyone wanting to run as an <span class="eb" id="election__226">independent</span> can organize a <span class="eb" id="election__227">petition</span> and ask people to sign it. Some people also run as <span class="xr-g"><span class="ndv">write-in candidates</span></span>: they ask voters to add their name to the ballot when they vote. A large amount of money is spent on election <span class="ndv" id="election__228">campaigning</span>, where candidates try to achieve <span class="eb" id="election__229">name recognition</span> <span class="gl" id="election__230"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="prefix">=</span> making their names widely known<span class="wrap">)</span></span> by advertising on television, in newspapers and on <span class="ndv" id="election__231">posters</span>. They take part in <span class="eb" id="election__232">debates</span> and hold <span class="eb" id="election__233">rallies</span> where they give speeches and go round<span class="eb" id="election__234">'pressing the flesh'</span>, shaking hands with as many voters as possible.</span><span class="p" id="election__235">Only a person over 35 who was born in the US can <span class="eb" id="election__236">run for President</span>. Presidential elections are held every four years and early in election year, the political parties choose their candidates through a series of <span class="ndv" type="singlewd">primary</span> elections held in each state. As these <span class="eb" id="election__237">races</span> take place it gradually becomes clear which candidates are the strongest and in the summer each party holds a <span class="eb" id="election__238">convention</span> to make the final choice of candidates for President and Vice-President. In November, the people go to vote and although the President is said to be directly elected, the official vote is made by an <span class="ndv" type="deadxref">electoral college</span>. Each state has a certain number of <span class="eb" id="election__239">electors</span> in the college based on the state's population. All the electors from a state must vote for the candidate who got the most votes in the state, and the candidate with at least 270 votes out of 538 becomes President. After the election, the new President goes to Washington for the <span class="eb" id="election__240">inauguration</span> on 20 January, and takes the <span class="eb" id="election__241">oath of office</span>.</span><span class="p" id="election__242">Americans over the age of 18 have the right to vote, but only about half of them take part in presidential elections and <span class="eb" id="election__243">voter turnout</span> for other elections is even lower. On election day, voters go to polling stations where they first have to sign their name in a book that lists all the voters in the <span class="eb" id="election__244">precinct</span> <span class="gl" id="election__245"><span class="wrap">(</span><span class="prefix">=</span> area<span class="wrap">)</span></span> and then <span class="eb" id="election__246">cast a vote</span>. Some states use <span class="ndv" id="election__247">computerized</span> voting systems and in others voters pull down a metal <span class="ndv" id="election__248">lever</span> beside the name of the person they want to vote for which operates a mechanical counter. It is possible to select all the candidates from one party, which is called <span class="eb" id="election__249">voting a straight ticket</span>, but many voters choose candidates from both parties and <span class="eb" id="election__250">vote a split ticket</span>. Journalists and <span class="eb" id="election__251">pollsters</span> are allowed to ask people how they voted and these <span class="eb" id="election__252">exit polls</span> help to predict election results. However, the results of exit polls may not be announced until polling stations everywhere have closed, in case they influence the result.</span></span></span></span> <span class="xr-gs"><span class="prefix">See related entries:</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/topic/elections/election" title="Topic Elections"><span class="xr-g" resource="topicdict"><span class="xh">Elections</span></span></a></span></li><li class="sn-g" id="election__254" ox3000="y"><span class="num">2 </span><span class="sym_first">
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+ <a class="oxford3000" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/english/oxford3000/"> </a></span><span class="gram-g" id="election__255"><span class="wrap">[</span><span class="gram" id="election__256" gram="u">uncountable</span><span class="wrap">]</span></span> <span class="def" id="election__257">the fact of having been chosen by <span class="dh" id="election__258">election</span></span><span class="x-gs" id="election__259"><span class="x-g" id="election__260"> <span class="cf" id="election__261"><span class="exp" id="election__262">election</span> (as something)</span> <span class="rx-g" id="election__263" resource="recx" source="ald9"><span class="x" id="election__264">We welcome his election as president.</span></span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__267"> <span class="cf" id="election__268"><span class="exp" id="election__269">election</span> (to something)</span> <span class="x" id="election__270">a year after her election to the committee</span></span></span> <span class="xr-gs" id="election__271"><span class="prefix">see also</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/by-election" title="by-election definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__272"><span class="xh" id="election__273">by-election</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/general-election" title="general election definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__274"><span class="xh" id="election__275">general election</span></span></a></span><span class="collapse" title="Wordfinder"><span class="unbox" id="election__276" unbox="wordfinder"> <span class="heading">Wordfinder</span><span class="body" id="election__277"><span class="p" id="election__278"><span class="xr-gs" id="election__279"><a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/candidate" title="candidate definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__280"><span class="xh" id="election__281">candidate</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/constituency" title="constituency definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__282"><span class="xh" id="election__283">constituency</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/contest_1" title="contest definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__284"><span class="xh" id="election__285">contest</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/democracy" title="democracy definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__286"><span class="xh" id="election__287">democracy</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/election" title="election definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__288"><span class="xh" id="election__289">election</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/majority" title="majority definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__290"><span class="xh" id="election__291">majority</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/manifesto" title="manifesto definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__292"><span class="xh" id="election__293">manifesto</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/poll_1" title="poll definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__294"><span class="xh" id="election__295">poll</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/referendum" title="referendum definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__296"><span class="xh" id="election__297">referendum</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/swing-vote" title="swing vote definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__298"><span class="xh" id="election__299">swing vote</span></span></a></span></span></span></span></span><span class="collapse" title="Wordfinder"><span class="unbox" id="election__300" unbox="wordfinder"> <span class="heading">Wordfinder</span><span class="body" id="election__301"><span class="p" id="election__302"><span class="xr-gs" id="election__303"><a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/act_2" title="act definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__304"><span class="xh" id="election__305">act</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/bill_1" title="bill definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__306"><span class="xh" id="election__307">bill</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/chamber" title="chamber definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__308"><span class="xh" id="election__309">chamber</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/coalition" title="coalition definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__310"><span class="xh" id="election__311">coalition</span></span></a></span><span class="sep">,</span> <span class="xr-gs" id="election__312"><a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/election" title="election definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__313"><span class="xh" id="election__314">election</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/law" title="law definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__315"><span class="xh" id="election__316">law</span></span></a></span><span class="sep">,</span> <span class="xr-gs" id="election__317"><a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/legislation" title="legislation definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__318"><span class="xh" id="election__319">legislation</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/parliament" title="parliament definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__320"><span class="xh" id="election__321">parliament</span></span></a><span class="sep">,</span> <a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/politician" title="politician definition"><span class="xr-g" id="election__322"><span class="xh" id="election__323">politician</span></span></a></span><span class="sep">,</span> </span></span></span></span></li></span><span class="res-g"><span class="collapse" title="Word Origin"><span class="unbox" id="election__324" unbox="word_origin"> <span class="heading">Word Origin</span><span class="body" id="election__325"> <span class="def" id="election__326"><span class="lang" id="election__327">Middle English</span></span>: via <span class="lang" id="election__328">Old French</span> from <span class="lang" id="election__329">Latin</span> <span class="ff" id="election__330">electio(n-)</span>, from <span class="ff" id="election__331">eligere</span> <tr class="tr" id="election__332">‘pick out’</tr>, from <span class="ff" id="election__333">e-</span> (variant of <span class="ff" id="election__334">ex-</span>) <tr class="tr" id="election__335">‘out’</tr> + <span class="ff" id="election__336">legere</span> <tr class="tr" id="election__337">‘to pick’</tr>.</span></span></span><span class="collapse" title="Extra examples"><span class="unbox" unbox="Extra examples"><span class="heading">Extra examples</span><span class="body"><span class="x-gs" id="election__338"><span class="x-g" id="election__339"> <span class="x" id="election__340">All counties have now certified their election returns.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__341"> <span class="x" id="election__342">Education is a key election issue.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__343"> <span class="x" id="election__344">Elections are scheduled for November.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__345"> <span class="x" id="election__346">It was successful in rallying voters at election time.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__347"> <span class="x" id="election__348">Membership of the committee is by election.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__349"> <span class="x" id="election__350">Predicting the result of close elections is a perilous game.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__351"> <span class="x" id="election__352">The Governor faces an unprecedented recall election.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__353"> <span class="x" id="election__354">The US is reaching the end of its latest presidential election cycle.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__355"> <span class="x" id="election__356">The election turnout in 2008 was high.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__357"> <span class="x" id="election__358">The party swept Turkish elections in November.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__359"> <span class="x" id="election__360">The party won a landslide election.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__361"> <span class="x" id="election__362">The people will decide this election and they will prove all the polls wrong.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__363"> <span class="x" id="election__364">The prime minister may decide to call an early election.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__365"> <span class="x" id="election__366">The violence in the country will not derail the elections.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__367"> <span class="x" id="election__368">They demanded a rerun of the disputed presidential election.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__369"> <span class="x" id="election__370">a bitterly disputed election</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__371"> <span class="x" id="election__372">claims that voter fraud had stolen the election for the Republicans</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__373"> <span class="x" id="election__374">her election to the Senate</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__375"> <span class="x" id="election__376">in the 2001 general election</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__377"> <span class="x" id="election__378">opinion poll results in the run-up to elections</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__379"> <span class="x" id="election__380">the democratic concept of popular elections</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__381"> <span class="x" id="election__382">the scheduled Lebanese elections in May</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__383"> <span class="x" id="election__384">votes which could swing the entire national election</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__385"> <span class="x" id="election__386">He first stood for election when he was 21.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__387"> <span class="x" id="election__388">It will be a hard-fought election campaign.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__389"> <span class="x" id="election__390">Local elections will be held later this year.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__391"> <span class="x" id="election__392">Presidential elections take place every four years.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__393"> <span class="x" id="election__394">She’s yet to say whether she will be running for election.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__395"> <span class="x" id="election__396">The country’s first free elections took place in 1990.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__397"> <span class="x" id="election__398">The first election results will be coming in very soon.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__399"> <span class="x" id="election__400">The party promised this in their election manifesto.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__401"> <span class="x" id="election__402">The prime minister is expected to call an election in the spring.</span></span><span class="x-g" id="election__403"> <span class="x" id="election__404">Who did you vote for in the last election?</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></ol><div class="pron-link">Check pronunciation: <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/pronunciation/english/election">election</a><!-- End of DIV pron-link--></div><!-- End of DIV entry--></div>
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- <h1 class="definition-title">Definition of <em>election noun</em> from the Oxford Advanced Learner&apos;s Dictionary</h1>
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+ See the Oxford Advanced American Dictionary entry: <a href=http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/american_english/election>election</a>
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- <div id="entryContent"><div xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="entry" id="election" random="y" amedited="seven"><div class="h-g" id="election__1"><div class="top-container"><div class="top-g" id="election__2"><span class="block-g" id="election__10"><span class="z"> </span></span><div class="core_block"><div class="webtop-g"><span class="z"> </span>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/english/oxford3000/"><img src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/images/coresym.gif?version=1.1.28" border="0" title="Oxford3000" alt="Oxford3000" class="icon over"/></a><h2 class="h"><span class="z_core_h">election</span></h2><span class="z"> </span><span class="pos">noun</span><!-- End of DIV webtop-g--></div><!-- End of DIV core_block--></div><div class="ei-g" id="election__7"><span class="z"> </span><span class="i" id="election__8">ɪˈlekʃn</span> <div class="sound audio_play_button pron-uk icon-audio" data-src-mp3="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/uk_pron/e/ele/elect/election__gb_1.mp3" data-src-ogg="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/uk_pron_ogg/e/ele/elect/election__gb_1.ogg" title=" pronunciation English" style="cursor: pointer" valign="top"> <!-- End of DIV sound audio_play_button pron-uk icon-audio--></div><span class="z">; </span><span class="y" id="election__9">ɪˈlekʃn</span> <div class="sound audio_play_button pron-us icon-audio" data-src-mp3="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/us_pron/e/ele/elect/election__us_1.mp3" data-src-ogg="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/media/english/us_pron_ogg/e/ele/elect/election__us_1.ogg" title=" pronunciation American" style="cursor: pointer" valign="top"> <!-- End of DIV sound audio_play_button pron-us icon-audio--></div><span class="z"> </span><!-- End of DIV ei-g--></div><!-- End of DIV top-g--></div><div class="clear"> <!-- End of DIV clear--></div><!-- End of DIV top-container--></div><span class="n-g" id="election__11" cefr="b1"><img src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/images/coresym2.gif?version=1.1.28" title="" alt="" class="icon"/><span class="z_n">1</span><span class="z"> </span><span class="z_gr_br">[</span><span class="z_gr">uncountable</span><span class="z">, </span><span class="z_gr">countable</span><span class="z_gr_br">]</span><span class="z"> </span><span class="d" id="election__14">the process of choosing a person or a group of people for a position, especially a political position, by voting</span><span class="x-g"><span class="x" id="election__15"><span class="cl"><strong>election campaigns/results</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="x" id="election__17">to <span class="cl"><strong>win/lose an election</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="x" id="election__19">to <span class="cl"><strong>fight an election</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="x" id="election__21">to <span class="cl"><strong>vote in an election</strong></span></span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="x" id="election__23">In America, presidential <span class="cl"><strong>elections are held</strong></span> every four years.</span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="x" id="election__25">The prime minister is about to <span class="cl"><strong>call</strong></span><span class="gl" id="election__27">(= announce)</span><span class="cl"><strong>an election</strong></span>.</span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="z"> (</span><span class="z_g">especially British English</span><span class="z">) </span><span class="x" id="election__30">How many candidates are <span class="cl"><strong>standing for election</strong></span>?</span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="z"> (</span><span class="z_g">especially North American English</span><span class="z">) </span><span class="x" id="election__33">to <span class="cl"><strong>run for election</strong></span></span></span></span><span class="n-g" id="election__35"><img src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/images/coresym2.gif?version=1.1.28" title="" alt="" class="icon"/><span class="z_n">2</span><span class="z"> </span><span class="z_gr_br">[</span><span class="z_gr">uncountable</span><span class="z_gr_br">]</span><span class="z"> </span><span class="d" id="election__37">the fact of having been chosen by <span class="dh" id="election__38">election</span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="cf" id="election__39">election (as something)</span><span class="z"> </span><span class="x" id="election__40">We welcome his election as president.</span></span><span class="x-g"><span class="cf" id="election__41">election (to something)</span><span class="z"> </span><span class="x" id="election__42">a year after her election to the committee</span></span><span class="xr-g" id="election__43"><span class="xr" id="election__44"><span class="z_xr"> see also </span><a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/by-election" title="by-election definition"><span class="xh" id="election__45">by-election</span></a></span><span class="z">, </span><span class="xr" id="election__46"><a class="Ref" href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/general-election" title="general election definition"><span class="xh" id="election__47">general election</span></a></span></span></span><!-- End of DIV h-g--></div><span class="unbox" id="election__48" type="synald7" unid="election_id_2"><span class="title"><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/english/usage_notes/unbox_synonyms/"><img border="0" alt="Usage note" class="icon over" src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/images/mid-usage.gif?version=1.1.28" title="Usage note"/></a><strong class="usage_note_header">Usage note:</strong> election</span><span class="subhead" id="election__50">vote<span class="z"> </span>poll<span class="z"> </span>referendum<span class="z"> </span>ballot</span><span class="para" id="election__51" outdent="n">These are all words for an event in which people choose a representative or decide something by voting.</span><span class="para"><span class="unsyn" id="election__52">election</span> an occasion on which people officially choose a political representative or government by voting:<span class="unx" id="election__53">Who did you vote for in the last election?</span></span><span class="para"><span class="unsyn" id="election__54">vote</span> an occasion on which a group of people vote for somebody/something:<span class="unx" id="election__55">They took a vote on who should go first.</span></span><span class="para"><span class="unsyn" id="election__56">poll</span> (<span class="unei" id="election__57">journalism</span>) the process of voting in an election:<span class="unx" id="election__58">They suffered a defeat <span class="arbd1" id="election__59">at the polls</span>.</span></span><span class="para"><span class="unsyn" id="election__60">referendum</span> an occasion on which all the adults in a country can vote on a particular issue</span><span class="para"><span class="unsyn" id="election__61">ballot</span> the system of voting by marking an election paper, especially in secret; an occasion on which a vote is held:<span class="unx" id="election__62">The leader will be chosen by secret ballot.</span></span><span class="para"> <span class="arbd1" id="election__63">Ballot</span> is usually used about a vote within an organization rather than an occasion on which the public vote.</span><span class="patterns" id="election__64"><span class="para" id="election__65" outdent="n">a <span class="arbd1" id="election__66">national/local</span> election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot</span><span class="para" id="election__67" outdent="n">to <span class="arbd1" id="election__68">have/hold/conduct</span> a(n) election/vote/poll/referendum/ballot</span></span></span><span class="unbox" id="election__69" type="colloc"><span class="title"><a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/wordlist/english/usage_notes/unbox_colloc/"><img border="0" alt="Usage note" class="icon over" src="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/external/images/mid-usage.gif?version=1.1.28" title="Usage note"/></a><strong class="usage_note_header">Usage note:</strong> Voting in elections</span><span class="collsubhead" id="election__71">Running for election</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__72">conduct/hold</span> an election/a referendum</span><span class="para">(<span class="ungi" id="election__73">especially North American English</span>) <span class="eb" id="election__74">run for</span> office/election/governor/mayor/president/the White House</span><span class="para">(<span class="ungi" id="election__75">especially British English</span>) <span class="eb" id="election__76">stand for</span> election/office/Parliament/the Labour Party/a second term</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__77">hold/call/contest</span> a general/national election</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__78">launch/run</span> a presidential election campaign</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__79">support/back</span> a candidate</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__80">sway/convince/persuade</span> voters/the electorate</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__81">appeal to/attract/woo/target</span> (<span class="ungi" id="election__82">North American English</span>) swing voters/(<span class="ungi" id="election__83">British English</span>) floating voters</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__84">fix/rig/steal</span> an election/the vote</span><span class="collsubhead" id="election__85">Voting</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__86">go to/be turned away from</span> (<span class="ungi" id="election__87">especially British English</span>) a polling station/(<span class="ungi" id="election__88">North American English</span>) a polling place</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__89">cast</span> a/your vote/ballot (for somebody)</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__90">vote for</span> the Conservative candidate/the Democratic party</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__91">mark/spoil</span> your ballot paper</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__92">count</span> (<span class="ungi" id="election__93">British English</span>) the postal votes/(<span class="ungi" id="election__94">especially North American English</span>) the absentee ballots</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__95">go to/be defeated at</span> the ballot box</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__96">get/win/receive/lose</span> votes</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__97">get/win</span> (60% of) the popular/black/Hispanic/Latino/Muslim vote</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__98">win</span> the election/(<span class="ungi" id="election__99">in the US</span>) the primaries/a seat in Parliament/a majority/power</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__100">lose</span> an election/the vote/your majority/your seat</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__101">win/come to power in</span> a landslide (victory) (= with many more votes than any other party)</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__102">elect/re-elect somebody (as)</span> mayor/president/an MP/senator/congressman/congresswoman</span><span class="collsubhead" id="election__103">Taking power</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__104">be sworn</span> into office/in as president</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__105">take/administer</span> (<span class="ungi" id="election__106">in the US</span>) the oath of office</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__107">swear/take</span> (<span class="ungi" id="election__108">in the UK</span>) an/the oath of allegiance</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__109">give/deliver</span> (<span class="ungi" id="election__110">in the US</span>) the president's inaugural address</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__111">take/enter/hold/leave</span> office</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__112">appoint somebody (as)</span> ambassador/governor/judge/minister</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__113">form</span> a government/a cabinet</span><span class="para"><span class="eb" id="election__114">serve</span> two terms as prime minister/in office</span><span class="para"> more collocations at <span class="unxh" id="election__115">economy</span>, <span class="unxh" id="election__116">politics</span></span></span><!-- End of DIV entry--></div>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/by-election" title="by-election noun definition"><span class='arl6'>by-election <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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+ </li>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/re-election" title="re-election noun definition"><span class='arl6'>re-election <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/general-election" title="general election noun definition"><span class='arl6'>general election <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/primary_2#primary_2__23" title="primary noun definition"><span class='arl10'>primary <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/elect_2" title="Definition of elect adjective in English"><DATA class="hwd">elect <pos>adjective</pos></DATA></a>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/elect_1" title="Definition of elect verb in English"><DATA class="hwd">elect <pos>verb</pos></DATA></a>
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+ <a class='selected' href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/election" title="Definition of election noun in English"><DATA class="hwd">election <pos>noun</pos></DATA></a>
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+ </span> </li>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/electioneering" title="Definition of electioneering noun in English"><DATA class="hwd">electioneering <pos>noun</pos></DATA></a>
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+ <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/elective_1" title="Definition of elective adjective in English"><DATA class="hwd">elective <pos>adjective</pos></DATA></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/election" title="election noun definition"><span class='arl1'>election <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- </li>
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- <li>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/by-election" title="by-election noun definition"><span class='arl4'>by-election <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- </li>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/general-election" title="general election noun definition"><span class='arl4'>general election <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/re-elect#re-elect__22" title="re-elect verb definition"><span class='arl5'>re-elect <pos>verb</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/get#get__636" title="get verb definition"><span class='arl9'>get <pos>verb</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/elective_1#elective_1__13" title="elective adjective definition"><span class='arl9'>elective <pos>adjective</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/ballot-box#ballot-box__14" title="ballot box noun definition"><span class='arl9'>ballot box <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/stand_1#stand_1__168" title="stand verb definition"><span class='arl9'>stand <pos>verb</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/ballot_1#ballot_1__29" title="ballot noun definition"><span class='arl9'>ballot <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/poll_1#poll_1__38" title="poll noun definition"><span class='arl9'>poll <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/slate_1#slate_1__23" title="slate noun definition"><span class='arl9'>slate <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/vote_1#vote_1__32" title="vote noun definition"><span class='arl9'>vote <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/polling-day#polling-day__1" title="polling day noun definition"><span class='arl9'>polling day <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/candidacy#candidacy__1" title="candidacy noun definition"><span class='arl9'>candidacy <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/country#country__74" title="country noun definition"><span class='arl9'>country <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/victory#victory__1" title="victory noun definition"><span class='arl9'>victory <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/polling-station#polling-station__1" title="polling station noun definition"><span class='arl9'>polling station <pos>noun</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/enfranchise#enfranchise__1" title="enfranchise verb definition"><span class='arl9'>enfranchise <pos>verb</pos></span></a>
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- <a href="http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/unelected#unelected__1" title="unelected adjective definition"><span class='arl9'>unelected <pos>adjective</pos></span></a>
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