origami 1.2.7 → 2.0.0

data/lib/origami/outline.rb

@@ -1,59 +1,54 @@
 =begin
 
-= File
-	outline.rb
-
-= Info
-	This file is part of Origami, PDF manipulation framework for Ruby
-	Copyright (C) 2010	Guillaume Delugré <guillaume AT security-labs DOT org>
-	All right reserved.
-	
-  Origami is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Origami is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-  along with Origami.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+    This file is part of Origami, PDF manipulation framework for Ruby
+    Copyright (C) 2016	Guillaume Delugré.
 
-=end
+    Origami is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
 
-module Origami
+    Origami is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
 
-  class Outline < Dictionary
-    include StandardObject
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+    along with Origami.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
-    field   :Type,            :Type => Name, :Default => :Outlines
-    field   :First,           :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :Last,            :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :Count,           :Type => Integer
-  end
+=end
 
-  class OutlineItem < Dictionary
-    include StandardObject
+module Origami
 
-    module Style
-      ITALIC  = 1 << 0
-      BOLD    = 1 << 1
+    class OutlineItem < Dictionary
+        include StandardObject
+
+        module Style
+            ITALIC  = 1 << 0
+            BOLD    = 1 << 1
+        end
+
+        field   :Title,           :Type => String, :Required => true
+        field   :Parent,          :Type => Dictionary, :Required => true
+        field   :Prev,            :Type => OutlineItem
+        field   :Next,            :Type => OutlineItem
+        field   :First,           :Type => OutlineItem
+        field   :Last,            :Type => OutlineItem
+        field   :Count,           :Type => Integer
+        field   :Dest,            :Type => [ Name, String, Destination ]
+        field   :A,               :Type => Action, :Version => "1.1"
+        field   :SE,              :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   :C,               :Type => Array.of(Number, length: 3), :Default => [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], :Version => "1.4"
+        field   :F,               :Type => Integer, :Default => 0, :Version => "1.4"
     end
 
-    field   :Title,           :Type => String, :Required => true
-    field   :Parent,          :Type => Dictionary, :Required => true
-    field   :Prev,            :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :Next,            :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :First,           :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :Last,            :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :Count,           :Type => Integer
-    field   :Dest,            :Type => [ Name, String, Array ]
-    field   :A,               :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.1"
-    field   :SE,              :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   :C,               :Type => Array, :Default => [ 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 ], :Version => "1.4"
-    field   :F,               :Type => Integer, :Default => 0, :Version => "1.4"
-  end
+    class Outline < Dictionary
+        include StandardObject
+
+        field   :Type,            :Type => Name, :Default => :Outlines
+        field   :First,           :Type => OutlineItem
+        field   :Last,            :Type => OutlineItem
+        field   :Count,           :Type => Integer
+    end
 
 end

data/lib/origami/outputintents.rb

@@ -1,94 +1,85 @@
 =begin
 
-= File
-	outputintents.rb
-
-= Info
-	This file is part of Origami, PDF manipulation framework for Ruby
-	Copyright (C) 2010	Guillaume Delugré <guillaume AT security-labs DOT org>
-	All right reserved.
-	
-	Origami is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Origami is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-  along with Origami.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+    This file is part of Origami, PDF manipulation framework for Ruby
+    Copyright (C) 2016	Guillaume Delugré.
+
+    Origami is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    Origami is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+    along with Origami.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 =end
 
 module Origami
 
-  class OutputIntent < Dictionary
-    include StandardObject
-  
-    module Intent
-      PDFX = :GTS_PDFX
-      PDFA1 = :GTS_PDFA1
-      PDFE1 = :GTS_PDFE1
+    class OutputIntent < Dictionary
+        include StandardObject
+
+        module Intent
+            PDFX = :GTS_PDFX
+            PDFA1 = :GTS_PDFA1
+            PDFE1 = :GTS_PDFE1
+        end
+
+        field :Type,                      :Type => Name, :Default => :OutputIntent
+        field :S,                         :Type => Name, :Version => '1.4', :Required => true
+        field :OutputCondition,           :Type => String
+        field :OutputConditionIdentifier, :Type => String
+        field :RegistryName,              :Type => String
+        field :Info,                      :Type => String
+        field :DestOutputProfile,         :Type => Stream
     end
 
-    field :Type,                      :Type => Name, :Default => :OutputIntent
-    field :S,                         :Type => Name, :Version => '1.4', :Required => true
-    field :OutputCondition,           :Type => String
-    field :OutputConditionIdentifier, :Type => String
-    field :RegistryName,              :Type => String
-    field :Info,                      :Type => String
-    field :DestOutputProfile,         :Type => Stream
-  end
-  
-  class PDF
-
-    def is_a_pdfa1?
-      self.Catalog.OutputIntents.is_a?(Array) and
-      self.Catalog.OutputIntents.any?{|intent| 
-        intent = intent.solve; 
-        intent.S == OutputIntent::Intent::PDFA1
-      } and
-      self.has_metadata? and (
-        doc = REXML::Document.new self.Catalog.Metadata.data;
-        REXML::XPath.match(doc, "*/*/rdf:Description[@xmlns:pdfaid]").any? {|desc|
-          desc.elements["pdfaid:conformance"].text == "A" and
-          desc.elements["pdfaid:part"].text == "1"
-        }
-      )
+    class PDF
+        def pdfa1?
+            self.Catalog.OutputIntents.is_a?(Array) and
+            self.Catalog.OutputIntents.any?{|intent|
+                intent.solve.S == OutputIntent::Intent::PDFA1
+            } and
+            self.metadata? and (
+                doc = REXML::Document.new self.Catalog.Metadata.data;
+                REXML::XPath.match(doc, "*/*/rdf:Description[@xmlns:pdfaid]").any? {|desc|
+                    desc.elements["pdfaid:conformance"].text == "A" and
+                    desc.elements["pdfaid:part"].text == "1"
+                }
+            )
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def intents_as_pdfa1
+            return if self.pdfa1?
+
+            self.Catalog.OutputIntents ||= []
+            self.Catalog.OutputIntents << self.insert(
+                OutputIntent.new(
+                    :Type => :OutputIntent,
+                    :S => OutputIntent::Intent::PDFA1,
+                    :OutputConditionIdentifier => "RGB"
+                )
+            )
+
+            metadata = self.create_metadata
+            doc = REXML::Document.new(metadata.data)
+
+            desc = REXML::Element.new 'rdf:Description'
+            desc.add_attribute 'rdf:about', ''
+            desc.add_attribute 'xmlns:pdfaid', 'http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/'
+            desc.add REXML::Element.new('pdfaid:conformance').add_text('A')
+            desc.add REXML::Element.new('pdfaid:part').add_text('1')
+            doc.elements["*/rdf:RDF"].add desc
+
+            xml = ""; doc.write(xml, 3)
+            metadata.data = xml
+        end
     end
 
-    private
-
-    def intents_as_pdfa1
-      unless self.is_a_pdfa1?
-        self.Catalog.OutputIntents ||= []
-        self.Catalog.OutputIntents << self.insert(
-          OutputIntent.new(
-            :Type => :OutputIntent,
-            :S => OutputIntent::Intent::PDFA1,
-            :OutputConditionIdentifier => "RGB"
-          )
-        )
-
-        metadata = self.create_metadata
-        doc = REXML::Document.new(metadata.data)
-
-        desc = REXML::Element.new 'rdf:Description'
-        desc.add_attribute 'rdf:about', ''
-        desc.add_attribute 'xmlns:pdfaid', 'http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/'
-        desc.add REXML::Element.new('pdfaid:conformance').add_text('A')
-        desc.add REXML::Element.new('pdfaid:part').add_text('1')
-        doc.elements["*/rdf:RDF"].add desc
-
-        xml = ""; doc.write(xml, 3)
-        metadata.data = xml
-      end
-    end
-  end
 end
-
-
-

data/lib/origami/page.rb

@@ -1,660 +1,771 @@
 =begin
 
-= File
-	page.rb
-
-= Info
-	This file is part of Origami, PDF manipulation framework for Ruby
-	Copyright (C) 2010	Guillaume Delugré <guillaume AT security-labs DOT org>
-	All right reserved.
-	
-	Origami is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-  it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-  the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-  (at your option) any later version.
-
-  Origami is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
-  GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
-  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-  along with Origami.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+    This file is part of Origami, PDF manipulation framework for Ruby
+    Copyright (C) 2016	Guillaume Delugré.
+
+    Origami is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    Origami is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+    along with Origami.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 =end
 
 module Origami
 
-  class PDF
+    class PDF
 
-    #
-    # Appends a page or list of pages to the end of the page tree.
-    #
-    def append_page(page = Page.new, *more)
-      raise InvalidPDFError, "Invalid page tree" if not self.Catalog or not self.Catalog.Pages or not self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
-      
-      pages = [ page ].concat(more).map! do |pg|
-        if pg.pdf and pg.pdf != self
-          # Page from another document must be exported.
-          pg.export
-        else
-          pg
-        end
-      end
-      
-      treeroot = self.Catalog.Pages
-      
-      treeroot.Kids ||= [] #:nodoc:
-      treeroot.Kids.concat(pages)
-      treeroot.Count = treeroot.Kids.length
-      
-      pages.each do |page| 
-        page.Parent = treeroot
-      end
-      
-      self
-    end
+        #
+        # Appends a page or list of pages to the end of the page tree.
+        # _page_:: The page to append to the document. Creates a new Page if not specified.
+        #
+        # Pass the Page object if a block is present.
+        #
+        def append_page(page = Page.new)
+            unless self.Catalog and self.Catalog.Pages and self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
+                raise InvalidPDFError, "Invalid page tree"
+            end
 
-    #
-    # Inserts a page at position _index_ into the document.
-    #
-    def insert_page(index, page)
-      raise InvalidPDFError, "Invalid page tree" if not self.Catalog or not self.Catalog.Pages or not self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
+            treeroot = self.Catalog.Pages
 
-      # Page from another document must be exported.
-      page = page.export if page.pdf and page.pdf != self
+            treeroot.Kids ||= [] #:nodoc:
+            treeroot.Kids.push(page)
+            treeroot.Count ||= 0
+            treeroot.Count += 1
 
-      self.Catalog.Pages.insert_page(index, page)
-      self
-    end
+            page.Parent = treeroot
 
-    #
-    # Returns an array of Page
-    #
-    def pages
-      raise InvalidPDFError, "Invalid page tree" if not self.Catalog or not self.Catalog.Pages or not self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
-      
-      self.Catalog.Pages.children
-    end
+            yield(page) if block_given?
 
-    #
-    # Iterate through each page, returns self.
-    #
-    def each_page(&b)
-      raise InvalidPDFError, "Invalid page tree" if not self.Catalog or not self.Catalog.Pages or not self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
-     
-       self.Catalog.Pages.each_page(&b)
-       self
-    end
+            self
+        end
 
-    #
-    # Get the n-th Page object.
-    #
-    def get_page(n)
-      raise InvalidPDFError, "Invalid page tree" if not self.Catalog or not self.Catalog.Pages or not self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
+        #
+        # Inserts a page at position _index_ into the document.
+        # _index_:: Page index (starting from zero).
+        # _page_:: The page to insert into the document. Creates a new one if none given.
+        #
+        # Pass the Page object if a block is present.
+        #
+        def insert_page(index, page = Page.new)
+            unless self.Catalog and self.Catalog.Pages and self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Invalid page tree"
+            end
 
-      self.Catalog.Pages.get_page(n)
-    end
+            # Page from another document must be exported.
+            page = page.export if page.document and page.document != self
 
-    #
-    # Lookup page in the page name directory.
-    #
-    def get_page_by_name(name)
-      resolve_name Names::Root::PAGES, name
-    end
+            self.Catalog.Pages.insert_page(index, page)
 
-    #
-    # Calls block for each named page.
-    #
-    def each_named_page(&b)
-      each_name(Names::Root::PAGES, &b) 
-    end
+            yield(page) if block_given?
 
-  end
-  
-  module ResourcesHolder
+            self
+        end
 
-    def add_extgstate(extgstate, name = nil)
-      add_resource(Resources::EXTGSTATE, extgstate, name)
-    end
+        #
+        # Returns an Enumerator of Page
+        #
+        def pages
+            unless self.Catalog and self.Catalog.Pages and self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Invalid page tree"
+            end
 
-    def add_colorspace(colorspace, name = nil)
-      add_resource(Resources::COLORSPACE, colorspace, name)
-    end
-    
-    def add_pattern(pattern, name = nil)
-      add_resource(Resources::PATTERN, pattern, name)
-    end
-    
-    def add_shading(shading, name = nil)
-      add_resource(Resources::SHADING, shading, name)
-    end
+            self.Catalog.Pages.pages
+        end
 
-    def add_xobject(xobject, name = nil)
-      add_resource(Resources::XOBJECT, xobject, name)
-    end
-    
-    def add_font(font, name = nil)
-      add_resource(Resources::FONT, font, name)
-    end
+        #
+        # Iterate through each page, returns self.
+        #
+        def each_page(&b)
+            unless self.Catalog and self.Catalog.Pages and self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Invalid page tree"
+            end
 
-    def add_properties(properties, name = nil)
-      add_resource(Resources::PROPERTIES, properties, name)
-    end
+            self.Catalog.Pages.each_page(&b)
+        end
 
-    def add_resource(type, rsrc, name = nil)
-      return existing if not name and existing = ls_resources(type).key(rsrc)
+        #
+        # Get the n-th Page object.
+        #
+        def get_page(n)
+            unless self.Catalog and self.Catalog.Pages and self.Catalog.Pages.is_a?(PageTreeNode)
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Invalid page tree"
+            end
 
-      name = new_id(type) unless name
-      target = self.is_a?(Resources) ? self : (self.Resources ||= Resources.new)
+            self.Catalog.Pages.get_page(n)
+        end
 
-      rsrc_dict = target.send(type) || (target[type] = Dictionary.new)
-      rsrc_dict[name] = rsrc
+        #
+        # Lookup page in the page name directory.
+        #
+        def get_page_by_name(name)
+            resolve_name Names::PAGES, name
+        end
 
-      name
+        #
+        # Calls block for each named page.
+        #
+        def each_named_page(&b)
+            each_name(Names::PAGES, &b)
+        end
     end
 
-    def ls_resources(type)
-      target = self.is_a?(Resources) ? self : (self.Resources ||= Resources.new)
-      
-      rsrc = {}
-      (target.send(type) || {}).each_pair do |name, obj|
-        rsrc[name.value] = obj.solve
-      end
+    module ResourcesHolder
 
-      rsrc
-    end
+        def add_extgstate(extgstate, name = nil)
+            add_resource(Resources::EXTGSTATE, extgstate, name)
+        end
+        def add_colorspace(colorspace, name = nil)
+            add_resource(Resources::COLORSPACE, colorspace, name)
+        end
 
-    def extgstates; ls_resources(Resources::EXTGSTATE) end
-    def colorspaces; ls_resources(Resources::COLORSPACE) end
-    def patterns; ls_resources(Resources::PATTERN) end
-    def shadings; ls_resources(Resources::SHADING) end
-    def xobjects; ls_resources(Resources::XOBJECT) end
-    def fonts; ls_resources(Resources::FONT) end
-    def properties; ls_resources(Resources::PROPERTIES) end
-    def resources;
-      self.extgstates.
-        merge self.colorspaces.
-        merge self.patterns.
-        merge self.shadings.
-        merge self.xobjects.
-        merge self.fonts.
-        merge self.properties
-    end 
-
-    private
-
-    def new_id(type, prefix = nil) #:nodoc:
-      prefix ||= 
-      {
-        Resources::EXTGSTATE  => 'ExtG',
-        Resources::COLORSPACE => 'CS',
-        Resources::PATTERN    => 'P',
-        Resources::SHADING    => 'Sh',
-        Resources::XOBJECT    => 'Im',
-        Resources::FONT       => 'F',
-        Resources::PROPERTIES => 'Pr'
-      }[type]
-
-      rsrc = ls_resources(type)
-      n = '1'
-
-      while rsrc.include?((prefix + n).to_sym)
-        n.next!
-      end
-
-      (prefix + n).to_sym
-    end
+        def add_pattern(pattern, name = nil)
+            add_resource(Resources::PATTERN, pattern, name)
+        end
 
-    def new_extgstate_id; new_id(Resources::EXTGSTATE) end
-    def new_colorspace_id; new_id(Resources::COLORSPACE) end
-    def new_pattern_id; new_id(Resources::PATTERN) end
-    def new_shading_id; new_id(Resources::SHADING) end
-    def new_xobject_id; new_id(Resources::XOBJECT) end
-    def new_font_id; new_name(Resources::FONT) end
-    def new_properties_id; new_name(Resources::PROPERTIES) end       
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Class representing a Resources Dictionary for a Page.
-  #
-  class Resources < Dictionary
-    
-    include StandardObject
-    include ResourcesHolder
-
-    EXTGSTATE     = :ExtGState
-    COLORSPACE    = :ColorSpace
-    PATTERN       = :Pattern
-    SHADING       = :Shading
-    XOBJECT       = :XObject
-    FONT          = :Font
-    PROPERTIES    = :Properties 
-
-    field   EXTGSTATE,    :Type => Dictionary
-    field   COLORSPACE,   :Type => Dictionary
-    field   PATTERN,      :Type => Dictionary
-    field   SHADING,      :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   XOBJECT,      :Type => Dictionary
-    field   FONT,         :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :ProcSet,     :Type => Array
-    field   PROPERTIES,   :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2"
-
-    def pre_build
-      add_font(Font::Type1::Standard::Helvetica.new.pre_build) unless self.Font
-      
-      super
-    end
-    
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Class representing a node in a Page tree.
-  #
-  class PageTreeNode < Dictionary
-    include StandardObject
-   
-    field   :Type,          :Type => Name, :Default => :Pages, :Required => true
-    field   :Parent,        :Type => Dictionary
-    field   :Kids,          :Type => Array, :Default => [], :Required => true
-    field   :Count,         :Type => Integer, :Default => 0, :Required => true
-
-    def initialize(hash = {})
-      self.Count = 0
-      self.Kids = []
-
-      super(hash)
-      
-      set_indirect(true)
-    end
+        def add_shading(shading, name = nil)
+            add_resource(Resources::SHADING, shading, name)
+        end
 
-    def pre_build #:nodoc:
-      self.Count = self.children.length     
-         
-      super
-    end
+        def add_xobject(xobject, name = nil)
+            add_resource(Resources::XOBJECT, xobject, name)
+        end
 
-    def insert_page(index, page)
-      
-      if index > self.Count
-        raise IndexError, "Invalid index for page tree"
-      end
-
-      count = 0
-      kids = self.Kids
-
-      kids.length.times { |n|
-        if count == index
-          kids.insert(n, page)
-          self.Count = self.Count + 1
-          page.Parent = self
-          return self
-        else
-          node = kids[n].is_a?(Reference) ? kids[n].solve : kids[n]
-          case node
-            when Page
-              count = count + 1
-              next
-            when PageTreeNode
-              if count + node.Count > index
-                node.insert_page(index - count, page)
-                self.Count = self.Count + 1
-                return self
-              else
-                count = count + node.Count
-                next
-              end
-          end
-        end
-      }
-
-      if count == index
-        self << page
-      else
-        raise IndexError, "An error occured while inserting page"
-      end
-
-      self
-    end
+        def add_font(font, name = nil)
+            add_resource(Resources::FONT, font, name)
+        end
 
-    #
-    # Returns an array of Page inheriting this tree node.
-    #
-    def children
-      pageset = []
-     
-      unless self.Count.nil?
-        [ self.Count.value, self.Kids.length ].min.times do |n|
-          node = self.Kids[n].is_a?(Reference) ? self.Kids[n].solve : self.Kids[n]
-          case node
-            when PageTreeNode then pageset.concat(node.children) 
-            when Page then pageset << node
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      
-      pageset
-    end
+        def add_properties(properties, name = nil)
+            add_resource(Resources::PROPERTIES, properties, name)
+        end
 
-    #
-    # Iterate through each page of that node.
-    #
-    def each_page(&b)
-      unless self.Count.nil?
-        [ self.Count.value, self.Kids.length ].min.times do |n|
-          node = self.Kids[n].is_a?(Reference) ? self.Kids[n].solve : self.Kids[n]
-          case node
-            when PageTreeNode then node.each_page(&b)
-            when Page then b.call(node)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
+        #
+        # Adds a resource of the specified _type_ in the current object.
+        # If _name_ is not specified, a new name will be automatically generated.
+        #
+        def add_resource(type, rsrc, name = nil)
+            if name.nil? and existing = self.resources(type).key(rsrc)
+                return existing
+            end
 
-    #
-    # Get the n-th Page object in this node, starting from 1.
-    #
-    def get_page(n)
-      raise IndexError, "Page numbers are referenced starting from 1" if n < 1
-
-      decount = n
-      loop do
-        [ self.Count.value, self.Kids.length ].min.times do |i|
-          node = self.Kids[i].is_a?(Reference) ? self.Kids[i].solve : self.Kids[i]
-
-          case node
-            when Page
-              decount = decount - 1
-              return node if decount == 0
-            
-            when PageTreeNode
-              nchilds = [ node.Count.value, node.Kids.length ].min
-              if nchilds >= decount
-                return node.get_page(decount)
-              else
-                decount -= nchilds
-              end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-      
-    def << (pageset)
-      pageset = [pageset] unless pageset.is_a?(::Array)
-      raise TypeError, "Cannot add anything but Page and PageTreeNode to this node" unless pageset.all? { |item| item.is_a?(Page) or item.is_a?(PageTreeNode) }
-
-      self.Kids ||= Array.new
-      self.Kids.concat(pageset)
-      self.Count = self.Kids.length
-        
-      pageset.each do |node| 
-        node.Parent = self 
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  # Forward declaration.
-  class ContentStream < Stream; end
-    
-  #
-  # Class representing a Page in the PDF document.
-  #
-  class Page < Dictionary
-    
-    include StandardObject
-    include ResourcesHolder
-
-    module Format
-      A0 = Rectangle[:width => 2384, :height => 3370]
-      A1 = Rectangle[:width => 1684, :height => 2384]
-      A2 = Rectangle[:width => 1191, :height => 1684]
-      A3 = Rectangle[:width => 842, :height => 1191]
-      A4 = Rectangle[:width => 595, :height => 842]
-      A5 = Rectangle[:width => 420, :height => 595]
-      A6 = Rectangle[:width => 298, :height => 420]
-      A7 = Rectangle[:width => 210, :height => 298]
-      A8 = Rectangle[:width => 147, :height => 210]
-      A9 = Rectangle[:width => 105, :height => 147]
-      A10 = Rectangle[:width => 74, :height => 105]
-
-      B0 = Rectangle[:width => 2836, :height => 4008]
-      B1 = Rectangle[:width => 2004, :height => 2835]
-      B2 = Rectangle[:width => 1417, :height => 2004]
-      B3 = Rectangle[:width => 1001, :height => 1417]
-      B4 = Rectangle[:width => 709, :height => 1001]
-      B5 = Rectangle[:width => 499, :height => 709]
-      B6 = Rectangle[:width => 354, :height => 499]
-      B7 = Rectangle[:width => 249, :height => 354]
-      B8 = Rectangle[:width => 176, :height => 249]
-      B9 = Rectangle[:width => 125, :height => 176]
-      B10 = Rectangle[:width => 88, :height => 125]
-    end
-   
-    field   :Type,                  :Type => Name, :Default => :Page, :Required => true
-    field   :Parent,                :Type => Dictionary, :Required => true
-    field   :LastModified,          :Type => String, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   :Resources,             :Type => Resources, :Required => true 
-    field   :MediaBox,              :Type => Array, :Default => Format::A4, :Required => true
-    field   :CropBox,               :Type => Array
-    field   :BleedBox,              :Type => Array, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   :TrimBox,               :Type => Array, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   :ArtBox,                :Type => Array, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   :BoxColorInfo,          :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.4"
-    field   :Contents,              :Type => [ ContentStream, Array ]
-    field   :Rotate,                :Type => Integer, :Default => 0
-    field   :Group,                 :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.4"
-    field   :Thumb,                 :Type => Stream
-    field   :B,                     :Type => Array, :Version => "1.1"
-    field   :Dur,                   :Type => Integer, :Version => "1.1"
-    field   :Trans,                 :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.1"
-    field   :Annots,                :Type => Array
-    field   :AA,                    :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2"
-    field   :Metadata,              :Type => Stream, :Version => "1.4"
-    field   :PieceInfo,             :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2"
-    field   :StructParents,         :Type => Integer, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   :ID,                    :Type => String
-    field   :PZ,                    :Type => Number
-    field   :SeparationInfo,        :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.3"
-    field   :Tabs,                  :Type => Name, :Version => "1.5"
-    field   :TemplateAssociated,    :Type => Name, :Version => "1.5"
-    field   :PresSteps,             :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.5"
-    field   :UserUnit,              :Type => Number, :Default => 1.0, :Version => "1.6"
-    field   :VP,                    :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.6"
-
-    def initialize(hash = {})
-      super(hash)
-      
-      set_indirect(true)
-    end
+            name = new_id(type) unless name
+            target = self.is_a?(Resources) ? self : (self.Resources ||= Resources.new)
 
-    def pre_build
-      self.Resources = Resources.new.pre_build unless self.has_key?(:Resources)
+            rsrc_dict = (target[type] and target[type].solve) || (target[type] = Dictionary.new)
+            rsrc_dict[name] = rsrc
 
-      super
-    end
+            name
+        end
 
-    #
-    # Add an Annotation to the Page.
-    #
-    def add_annot(*annotations)
-      unless annotations.all?{|annot| annot.is_a?(Annotation) or annot.is_a?(Reference)}
-        raise TypeError, "Only Annotation objects must be passed."
-      end
-      
-      self.Annots ||= []
-
-      annotations.each do |annot| 
-        annot.solve[:P] = self if is_indirect?
-        self.Annots << annot 
-      end
-    end
+        #
+        # Iterates over the resources by _type_.
+        #
+        def each_resource(type)
+            target = self.is_a?(Resources) ? self : (self.Resources ||= Resources.new)
 
-    #
-    # Iterate through each Annotation of the Page.
-    #
-    def each_annot(&b)
-      annots = self.Annots
-      return unless annots.is_a?(Array)
+            rsrc = target[type] and target[type].solve
 
-      annots.each do |annot|
-        b.call(annot.solve) 
-      end
-    end
+            return enum_for(__method__, type) { rsrc.is_a?(Dictionary) ? rsrc.length : 0 } unless block_given?
+            return unless rsrc.is_a?(Dictionary)
 
-    #
-    # Returns the array of Annotation objects of the Page.
-    #
-    def annotations
-      annots = self.Annots
-      return [] unless annots.is_a?(Array)
-      
-      annots.map{|annot| annot.solve} 
+            rsrc.each_pair do |name, obj|
+                yield(name.value, obj.solve)
+            end
+        end
+
+        def each_colorspace(&block); each_resource(Resources::COLORSPACE, &block) end
+        def each_extgstate(&block); each_resource(Resources::EXTGSTATE, &block) end
+        def each_pattern(&block); each_resource(Resources::PATTERN, &block) end
+        def each_shading(&block); each_resource(Resources::SHADING, &block) end
+        def each_xobject(&block); each_resource(Resources::XOBJECT, &block) end
+        def each_font(&block); each_resource(Resources::FONT, &block) end
+        def each_property(&block); each_resource(Resources::PROPERTIES, &block) end
+
+        def extgstates; each_extgstate.to_h end
+        def colorspaces; each_colorspace.to_h end
+        def patterns; each_pattern.to_h end
+        def shadings; each_shading.to_h end
+        def xobjects; each_xobject.to_h end
+        def fonts; each_font.to_h end
+        def properties; each_property.to_h end
+
+        #
+        # Returns a Hash of all resources in the object or only the specified _type_.
+        #
+        def resources(type = nil)
+            if type.nil?
+                self.extgstates
+                    .merge self.colorspaces
+                    .merge self.patterns
+                    .merge self.shadings
+                    .merge self.xobjects
+                    .merge self.fonts
+                    .merge self.properties
+            else
+                self.each_resource(type).to_h
+            end
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def new_id(type, prefix = nil) #:nodoc:
+            prefix ||=
+            {
+                Resources::EXTGSTATE  => 'ExtG',
+                Resources::COLORSPACE => 'CS',
+                Resources::PATTERN    => 'P',
+                Resources::SHADING    => 'Sh',
+                Resources::XOBJECT    => 'Im',
+                Resources::FONT       => 'F',
+                Resources::PROPERTIES => 'Pr'
+            }[type]
+
+            rsrc = self.resources(type)
+            n = '1'
+
+            n.next! while rsrc.include?((prefix + n).to_sym)
+
+            Name.new(prefix + n)
+        end
+
+        def new_extgstate_id; new_id(Resources::EXTGSTATE) end
+        def new_colorspace_id; new_id(Resources::COLORSPACE) end
+        def new_pattern_id; new_id(Resources::PATTERN) end
+        def new_shading_id; new_id(Resources::SHADING) end
+        def new_xobject_id; new_id(Resources::XOBJECT) end
+        def new_font_id; new_name(Resources::FONT) end
+        def new_properties_id; new_name(Resources::PROPERTIES) end
     end
 
     #
-    # Embed a SWF Flash application in the page.
+    # Class representing a Resources Dictionary for a Page.
     #
-    def add_flash_application(swfspec, params = {})
-      options =
-      {
-        :windowed => false,
-        :transparent => false,
-        :navigation_pane => false,
-        :toolbar => false,
-        :pass_context_click => false,
-        :activation => Annotation::RichMedia::Activation::PAGE_OPEN,
-        :deactivation => Annotation::RichMedia::Deactivation::PAGE_CLOSE,
-        :flash_vars => nil
-      }
-      options.update(params)
-    
-      annot = create_richmedia(:Flash, swfspec, options)
-      add_annot(annot)
-
-      annot
+    class Resources < Dictionary
+        include StandardObject
+        include ResourcesHolder
+
+        EXTGSTATE     = :ExtGState
+        COLORSPACE    = :ColorSpace
+        PATTERN       = :Pattern
+        SHADING       = :Shading
+        XOBJECT       = :XObject
+        FONT          = :Font
+        PROPERTIES    = :Properties
+
+        field   EXTGSTATE,    :Type => Dictionary
+        field   COLORSPACE,   :Type => Dictionary
+        field   PATTERN,      :Type => Dictionary
+        field   SHADING,      :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   XOBJECT,      :Type => Dictionary
+        field   FONT,         :Type => Dictionary
+        field   :ProcSet,     :Type => Array.of(Name)
+        field   PROPERTIES,   :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2"
+
+        def pre_build
+            add_font(Font::Type1::Standard::Helvetica.new.pre_build) unless self.Font
+
+            super
+        end
     end
 
-    #
-    # Will execute an action when the page is opened.
-    #
-    def onOpen(action)
-      unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
-        raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
-      end
-      
-      self.AA ||= PageAdditionalActions.new
-      self.AA.O = action
-      
-      self
+    class InvalidPageTreeError < Error #:nodoc:
     end
-    
+
     #
-    # Will execute an action when the page is closed.
+    # Class representing a node in a Page tree.
     #
-    def onClose(action)
-      unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
-        raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
-      end
-      
-      self.AA ||= PageAdditionalActions.new
-      self.AA.C = action
-
-      self
+    class PageTreeNode < Dictionary
+        include StandardObject
+
+        field   :Type,          :Type => Name, :Default => :Pages, :Required => true
+        field   :Parent,        :Type => PageTreeNode
+        field   :Kids,          :Type => Array, :Default => [], :Required => true
+        field   :Count,         :Type => Integer, :Default => 0, :Required => true
+
+        def initialize(hash = {}, parser = nil)
+            self.Count = 0
+            self.Kids = []
+
+            super(hash, parser)
+
+            set_indirect(true)
+        end
+
+        def pre_build #:nodoc:
+            self.Count = self.pages.count
+
+            super
+        end
+
+        def insert_page(index, page)
+            raise IndexError, "Invalid index for page tree" if index > self.Count
+
+            count = 0
+            kids = self.Kids
+
+            kids.length.times do |n|
+                if count == index
+                    kids.insert(n, page)
+                    self.Count = self.Count + 1
+                    page.Parent = self
+                    return self
+                else
+                    node = kids[n].solve
+                    case node
+                    when Page
+                        count = count + 1
+                        next
+                    when PageTreeNode
+                        if count + node.Count > index
+                            node.insert_page(index - count, page)
+                            self.Count = self.Count + 1
+                            return self
+                        else
+                            count = count + node.Count
+                            next
+                        end
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            if count == index
+                self << page
+            else
+                raise IndexError, "An error occured while inserting page"
+            end
+
+            self
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Returns an Array of Pages inheriting this tree node.
+        #
+        def pages
+            self.each_page.to_a
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Iterate through each page of that node.
+        #
+        def each_page(browsed_nodes: [], &block)
+            return enum_for(__method__) { self.Count.to_i } unless block_given?
+
+            if browsed_nodes.any?{|node| node.equal?(self)}
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Cyclic tree graph detected"
+            end
+
+            unless self.Kids.is_a?(Array)
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Kids must be an Array"
+            end
+
+            browsed_nodes.push(self)
+
+            unless self.Count.nil?
+                [ self.Count.value, self.Kids.length ].min.times do |n|
+                    node = self.Kids[n].solve
+
+                    case node
+                    when PageTreeNode then node.each_page(browsed_nodes: browsed_nodes, &block)
+                    when Page then yield(node)
+                    else
+                        raise InvalidPageTreeError, "not a Page or PageTreeNode"
+                    end
+                end
+            end
+
+            self
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Get the n-th Page object in this node, starting from 1.
+        #
+        def get_page(n, browsed_nodes: [])
+            raise IndexError, "Page numbers are referenced starting from 1" if n < 1
+
+            if browsed_nodes.any?{|node| node.equal?(self)}
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Cyclic tree graph detected"
+            end
+
+            unless self.Kids.is_a?(Array)
+                raise InvalidPageTreeError, "Kids must be an Array"
+            end
+
+            decount = n
+            [ self.Count.value, self.Kids.length ].min.times do |i|
+                node = self.Kids[i].solve
+
+                case node
+                when Page
+                    decount = decount - 1
+                    return node if decount == 0
+
+                when PageTreeNode
+                    nchilds = [ node.Count.value, node.Kids.length ].min
+                    if nchilds >= decount
+                        return node.get_page(decount, browsed_nodes: browsed_nodes)
+                    else
+                        decount -= nchilds
+                    end
+                else
+                    raise InvalidPageTreeError, "not a Page or PageTreeNode"
+                end
+            end
+
+            raise IndexError, "Page not found"
+        end
+
+        def << (pageset)
+            pageset = [pageset] unless pageset.is_a?(::Array)
+            unless pageset.all? {|item| item.is_a?(Page) or item.is_a?(PageTreeNode) }
+                raise TypeError, "Cannot add anything but Page and PageTreeNode to this node"
+            end
+
+            self.Kids ||= Array.new
+            self.Kids.concat(pageset)
+            self.Count = self.Kids.length
+
+            pageset.each do |node|
+                node.Parent = self
+            end
+        end
     end
 
-    #
-    # Will execute an action when navigating forward from this page.
-    #
-    def onNavigateForward(action) #:nodoc:
-      unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
-        raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
-      end
-      
-      self.PresSteps ||= NavigationNode.new
-      self.PresSteps.NA = action
-
-      self
+    class PageLabel < Dictionary
+        include StandardObject
+
+        module Style
+            DECIMAL = :D
+            UPPER_ROMAN = :R
+            LOWER_ROMAN = :r
+            UPPER_ALPHA = :A
+            LOWER_ALPHA = :a
+        end
+
+        field   :Type,                  :Type => Name, :Default => :PageLabel
+        field   :S,                     :Type => Name
+        field   :P,                     :Type => String
+        field   :St,                    :Type => Integer
     end
 
+    # Forward declarations.
+    class ContentStream < Stream; end
+    class Annotation < Dictionary; end
+    module Graphics; class ImageXObject < Stream; end end
+
     #
-    # Will execute an action when navigating backward from this page.
+    # Class representing a Page in the PDF document.
     #
-    def onNavigateBackward(action) #:nodoc:
-      unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
-        raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
-      end
-      
-      self.PresSteps ||= NavigationNode.new
-      self.PresSteps.PA = action
-    
-      self
-    end
+    class Page < Dictionary
+        include StandardObject
+        include ResourcesHolder
+
+        class BoxStyle < Dictionary
+            include StandardObject
+
+            SOLID = :S
+            DASH  = :D
+
+            field   :C,                 :Type => Array.of(Number), :Default => [0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
+            field   :W,                 :Type => Number, :Default => 1
+            field   :S,                 :Type => Name, :Default => SOLID
+            field   :D,                 :Type => Array.of(Integer)
+        end
+             
+        #
+        # Box color information dictionary associated to a Page.
+        #
+        class BoxColorInformation < Dictionary
+            include StandardObject
+
+            field   :CropBox,           :Type => BoxStyle
+            field   :BleedBox,          :Type => BoxStyle
+            field   :TrimBox,           :Type => BoxStyle
+            field   :ArtBox,            :Type => BoxStyle
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Class representing a navigation node associated to a Page.
+        #
+        class NavigationNode < Dictionary
+            include StandardObject
+
+            field   :Type,    :Type => Name, :Default => :NavNode
+            field   :NA,      :Type => Dictionary # Next action
+            field   :PA,      :Type => Dictionary # Prev action
+            field   :Next,    :Type => NavigationNode 
+            field   :Prev,    :Type => NavigationNode 
+            field   :Dur,     :Type => Number
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Class representing additional actions which can be associated to a Page.
+        #
+        class AdditionalActions < Dictionary
+            include StandardObject
 
-    private
+            field   :O,   :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2" # Page Open
+            field   :C,   :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2" # Page Close
+        end
+
+        module Format
+            A0 = Rectangle[width: 2384, height: 3370]
+            A1 = Rectangle[width: 1684, height: 2384]
+            A2 = Rectangle[width: 1191, height: 1684]
+            A3 = Rectangle[width: 842, height: 1191]
+            A4 = Rectangle[width: 595, height: 842]
+            A5 = Rectangle[width: 420, height: 595]
+            A6 = Rectangle[width: 298, height: 420]
+            A7 = Rectangle[width: 210, height: 298]
+            A8 = Rectangle[width: 147, height: 210]
+            A9 = Rectangle[width: 105, height: 147]
+            A10 = Rectangle[width: 74, height: 105]
+
+            B0 = Rectangle[width: 2836, height: 4008]
+            B1 = Rectangle[width: 2004, height: 2835]
+            B2 = Rectangle[width: 1417, height: 2004]
+            B3 = Rectangle[width: 1001, height: 1417]
+            B4 = Rectangle[width: 709, height: 1001]
+            B5 = Rectangle[width: 499, height: 709]
+            B6 = Rectangle[width: 354, height: 499]
+            B7 = Rectangle[width: 249, height: 354]
+            B8 = Rectangle[width: 176, height: 249]
+            B9 = Rectangle[width: 125, height: 176]
+            B10 = Rectangle[width: 88, height: 125]
+        end
+
+        field   :Type,                  :Type => Name, :Default => :Page, :Required => true
+        field   :Parent,                :Type => PageTreeNode, :Required => true
+        field   :LastModified,          :Type => String, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   :Resources,             :Type => Resources, :Required => true
+        field   :MediaBox,              :Type => Rectangle, :Default => Format::A4, :Required => true
+        field   :CropBox,               :Type => Rectangle
+        field   :BleedBox,              :Type => Rectangle, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   :TrimBox,               :Type => Rectangle, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   :ArtBox,                :Type => Rectangle, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   :BoxColorInfo,          :Type => BoxColorInformation, :Version => "1.4"
+        field   :Contents,              :Type => [ ContentStream, Array.of(ContentStream) ]
+        field   :Rotate,                :Type => Integer, :Default => 0
+        field   :Group,                 :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.4"
+        field   :Thumb,                 :Type => Graphics::ImageXObject
+        field   :B,                     :Type => Array, :Version => "1.1"
+        field   :Dur,                   :Type => Integer, :Version => "1.1"
+        field   :Trans,                 :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.1"
+        field   :Annots,                :Type => Array.of(Annotation)
+        field   :AA,                    :Type => AdditionalActions, :Version => "1.2"
+        field   :Metadata,              :Type => MetadataStream, :Version => "1.4"
+        field   :PieceInfo,             :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2"
+        field   :StructParents,         :Type => Integer, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   :ID,                    :Type => String
+        field   :PZ,                    :Type => Number
+        field   :SeparationInfo,        :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.3"
+        field   :Tabs,                  :Type => Name, :Version => "1.5"
+        field   :TemplateAssociated,    :Type => Name, :Version => "1.5"
+        field   :PresSteps,             :Type => NavigationNode, :Version => "1.5"
+        field   :UserUnit,              :Type => Number, :Default => 1.0, :Version => "1.6"
+        field   :VP,                    :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.6"
+
+        def initialize(hash = {}, parser = nil)
+            super(hash, parser)
+
+            set_indirect(true)
+        end
+
+        def pre_build
+            self.Resources = Resources.new.pre_build unless self.has_key?(:Resources)
+
+            super
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Iterates over all the ContentStreams of the Page.
+        #
+        def each_content_stream
+            contents = self.Contents
+
+            return enum_for(__method__) do
+                case contents
+                when Array then contents.length
+                when Stream then 1
+                else
+                    0
+                end
+            end unless block_given?
+
+            case contents
+            when Stream then yield(contents)
+            when Array then contents.each { |stm| yield(stm.solve) }
+            end
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Returns an Array of ContentStreams for the Page.
+        #
+        def content_streams
+            self.each_content_stream.to_a
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Add an Annotation to the Page.
+        #
+        def add_annotation(*annotations)
+            unless annotations.all?{|annot| annot.is_a?(Annotation) or annot.is_a?(Reference)}
+                raise TypeError, "Only Annotation objects must be passed."
+            end
+
+            self.Annots ||= []
+
+            annotations.each do |annot|
+                annot.solve[:P] = self if self.indirect?
+                self.Annots << annot
+            end
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Iterate through each Annotation of the Page.
+        #
+        def each_annotation
+            annots = self.Annots
+
+            return enum_for(__method__) { annots.is_a?(Array) ? annots.length : 0 } unless block_given?
+            return unless annots.is_a?(Array)
+
+            annots.each do |annot|
+                yield(annot.solve)
+            end
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Returns the array of Annotation objects of the Page.
+        #
+        def annotations
+            self.each_annotation.to_a
+        end
 
-    def create_richmedia(type, content, params) #:nodoc:
-      content.set_indirect(true)
-      richmedia = Annotation::RichMedia.new.set_indirect(true)
+        #
+        # Embed a SWF Flash application in the page.
+        #
+        def add_flash_application(swfspec, params = {})
+            options =
+            {
+                windowed: false,
+                transparent: false,
+                navigation_pane: false,
+                toolbar: false,
+                pass_context_click: false,
+                activation: Annotation::RichMedia::Activation::PAGE_OPEN,
+                deactivation: Annotation::RichMedia::Deactivation::PAGE_CLOSE,
+                flash_vars: nil
+            }
+            options.update(params)
+
+            annot = create_richmedia(:Flash, swfspec, options)
+            add_annotation(annot)
+
+            annot
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Will execute an action when the page is opened.
+        #
+        def onOpen(action)
+            unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
+                raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
+            end
+
+            self.AA ||= Page::AdditionalActions.new
+            self.AA.O = action
+
+            self
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Will execute an action when the page is closed.
+        #
+        def onClose(action)
+            unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
+                raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
+            end
+
+            self.AA ||= Page::AdditionalActions.new
+            self.AA.C = action
+
+            self
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Will execute an action when navigating forward from this page.
+        #
+        def onNavigateForward(action) #:nodoc:
+            unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
+                raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
+            end
+
+            self.PresSteps ||= NavigationNode.new
+            self.PresSteps.NA = action
 
-      rminstance = Annotation::RichMedia::Instance.new.set_indirect(true)
-      rmparams = rminstance.Params = Annotation::RichMedia::Parameters.new
-      rmparams.Binding = Annotation::RichMedia::Parameters::Binding::BACKGROUND
-      rmparams.FlashVars = params[:flash_vars]
-      rminstance.Asset = content
+            self
+        end
+
+        #
+        # Will execute an action when navigating backward from this page.
+        #
+        def onNavigateBackward(action) #:nodoc:
+            unless action.is_a?(Action) or action.is_a?(Reference)
+                raise TypeError, "An Action object must be passed."
+            end
+
+            self.PresSteps ||= NavigationNode.new
+            self.PresSteps.PA = action
+
+            self
+        end
+
+        private
 
-      rmconfig = Annotation::RichMedia::Configuration.new.set_indirect(true)
-      rmconfig.Instances = [ rminstance ]
-      rmconfig.Subtype = type
+        def create_richmedia(type, content, params) #:nodoc:
+            content.set_indirect(true)
+            richmedia = Annotation::RichMedia.new.set_indirect(true)
 
-      rmcontent = richmedia.RichMediaContent = Annotation::RichMedia::Content.new.set_indirect(true)
-      rmcontent.Assets = NameTreeNode.new
-      rmcontent.Assets.Names = NameLeaf.new(content.F.value => content)
+            rminstance = Annotation::RichMedia::Instance.new.set_indirect(true)
+            rmparams = rminstance.Params = Annotation::RichMedia::Parameters.new
+            rmparams.Binding = Annotation::RichMedia::Parameters::Binding::BACKGROUND
+            rmparams.FlashVars = params[:flash_vars]
+            rminstance.Asset = content
 
-      rmcontent.Configurations = [ rmconfig ]
+            rmconfig = Annotation::RichMedia::Configuration.new.set_indirect(true)
+            rmconfig.Instances = [ rminstance ]
+            rmconfig.Subtype = type
 
-      rmsettings = richmedia.RichMediaSettings = Annotation::RichMedia::Settings.new
-      rmactivation = rmsettings.Activation = Annotation::RichMedia::Activation.new
-      rmactivation.Condition = params[:activation]
-      rmactivation.Configuration = rmconfig
-      rmactivation.Animation = Annotation::RichMedia::Animation.new(:PlayCount => -1, :Subtype => :Linear, :Speed => 1.0)
-      rmpres = rmactivation.Presentation = Annotation::RichMedia::Presentation.new
-      rmpres.Style = Annotation::RichMedia::Presentation::WINDOWED if params[:windowed]
-      rmpres.Transparent = params[:transparent]
-      rmpres.NavigationPane = params[:navigation_pane]
-      rmpres.Toolbar = params[:toolbar]
-      rmpres.PassContextClick = params[:pass_context_click]
+            rmcontent = richmedia.RichMediaContent = Annotation::RichMedia::Content.new.set_indirect(true)
+            rmcontent.Assets = NameTreeNode.new
+            rmcontent.Assets.Names = NameLeaf.new(content.F.value => content)
 
-      rmdeactivation = rmsettings.Deactivation = Annotation::RichMedia::Deactivation.new
-      rmdeactivation.Condition = params[:deactivation]
+            rmcontent.Configurations = [ rmconfig ]
 
-      richmedia
+            rmsettings = richmedia.RichMediaSettings = Annotation::RichMedia::Settings.new
+            rmactivation = rmsettings.Activation = Annotation::RichMedia::Activation.new
+            rmactivation.Condition = params[:activation]
+            rmactivation.Configuration = rmconfig
+            rmactivation.Animation = Annotation::RichMedia::Animation.new(:PlayCount => -1, :Subtype => :Linear, :Speed => 1.0)
+            rmpres = rmactivation.Presentation = Annotation::RichMedia::Presentation.new
+            rmpres.Style = Annotation::RichMedia::Presentation::WINDOWED if params[:windowed]
+            rmpres.Transparent = params[:transparent]
+            rmpres.NavigationPane = params[:navigation_pane]
+            rmpres.Toolbar = params[:toolbar]
+            rmpres.PassContextClick = params[:pass_context_click]
+
+            rmdeactivation = rmsettings.Deactivation = Annotation::RichMedia::Deactivation.new
+            rmdeactivation.Condition = params[:deactivation]
+
+            richmedia
+        end
     end
-    
-  end
-  
-  #
-  # Class representing additional actions which can be associated to a Page.
-  #
-  class PageAdditionalActions < Dictionary
-    include StandardObject
-   
-    field   :O,   :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2" # Page Open
-    field   :C,   :Type => Dictionary, :Version => "1.2" # Page Close
-  end
-
-  #
-  # Class representing a navigation node associated to a Page.
-  #
-  class NavigationNode < Dictionary
-    include StandardObject
-
-    field   :Type,    :Type => Name, :Default => :NavNode
-    field   :NA,      :Type => Dictionary # Next action
-    field   :PA,      :Type => Dictionary # Prev action
-    field   :Next,    :Type => Dictionary 
-    field   :Prev,    :Type => Dictionary 
-    field   :Dur,     :Type => Number
-  end
-  
-end
 
+end