openstudio-load-flexibility-measures 0.3.2 → 0.4.0

data/lib/measures/add_hpwh/measure.rb

@@ -1,645 +1,663 @@
-# *******************************************************************************
-# OpenStudio(R), Copyright (c) 2008-2020, Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
-# All rights reserved.
-# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
-# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-#
-# (1) Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
-# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
-#
-# (2) Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
-# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
-# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
-#
-# (3) Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of any contributors
-# may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
-# specific prior written permission from the respective party.
-#
-# (4) Other than as required in clauses (1) and (2), distributions in any form
-# of modifications or other derivative works may not use the "OpenStudio"
-# trademark, "OS", "os", or any other confusingly similar designation without
-# specific prior written permission from Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
-#
-# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) AND ANY CONTRIBUTORS
-# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-# THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
-# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S), ANY CONTRIBUTORS, THE
-# UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, OR THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, NOR ANY OF
-# THEIR EMPLOYEES, BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
-# EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
-# OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
-# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
-# STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
-# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-# *******************************************************************************
-
-# Measure distributed under NREL Copyright terms, see LICENSE.md file.
-
-# Author: Karl Heine
-# Date: December 2019 - March 2020
-
-# References:
-# EnergyPlus InputOutput Reference, Sections:
-# EnergyPlus Engineering Reference, Sections:
-
-# start the measure
-class AddHphw < OpenStudio::Measure::ModelMeasure
-  require 'openstudio-standards'
-
-  # human readable name
-  def name
-    # Measure name should be the title case of the class name.
-    'Add HPWH for Domestic Hot Water'
-  end
-
-  # human readable description
-  def description
-    'This measure adds or replaces existing domestic hot water heater with air source heat pump system and ' \
-           'allows for the addition of multiple daily flexible control time windows. The heater/tank system may ' \
-           'charge at maximum capacity up to an elevated temperature, or float without any heat addition for a ' \
-           'specified timeframe down to a minimum tank temperature.'
-  end
-
-  # human readable description of modeling approach
-  def modeler_description
-    return 'This measure allows selection between three heat pump water heater modeling approaches in EnergyPlus.' \
-           'The user may select between the pumped-condenser or wrapped-condenser objects. They may also elect to ' \
-           'use a simplified calculation which does not use the heat pump objects, but instead used an electric ' \
-           'resistance heater and approximates the equivalent electrical input that would be required from a heat ' \
-           "pump. This expedites simulation at the expense of accuracy. \n" \
-           'The flexibility of the system is based on user-defined temperatures and times, which are converted into ' \
-           'schedule objects. There are four flexibility options. (1) None: normal operation of the DHW system at ' \
-           'a fixed tank temperature setpoint. (2) Charge - Heat Pump: the tank is charged to a maximum temperature ' \
-           'using only the heat pump. (3) Charge - Electric: the tank is charged using internal electric resistance ' \
-           'heaters to a maximum temperature. (4) Float: all heating elements are turned-off for a user-defined time ' \
-           'period unless the tank temperature falls below a minimum value. The heat pump will be prioritized in a ' \
-           "low tank temperature event, with the electric resistance heaters serving as back-up. \n"
-    'Due to the heat pump interaction with zone conditioning as well as tank heating, users may experience ' \
-    'simulation errors if the heat pump is too large and placed in an already conditioned zoned. Try using ' \
-    'multiple smaller units, modifying the heat pump location within the model, or adjusting the zone thermo' \
-    'stat constraints. Use mulitiple instances of the measure to add multiple heat pump water heaters. '
-  end
-
-  ## USER ARGS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  # define the arguments that the user will input
-  def arguments(model)
-    args = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgumentVector.new
-
-    # create argument for removal of existing water heater tanks on selected loop
-    remove_wh = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeBoolArgument('remove_wh', true)
-    remove_wh.setDisplayName('Remove existing water heater?')
-    remove_wh.setDescription('')
-    remove_wh.setDefaultValue(true)
-    args << remove_wh
-
-    # find available water heaters and get default volume
-    if !model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.empty?
-      wheaters = model.getWaterHeaterMixeds
-    end
-
-    default_vol = 80.0 # gallons
-    wh_names = ['All Water Heaters (Simplified Only)']
-    wheaters.each do |w|
-      if w.tankVolume.to_f > OpenStudio.convert(39, 'gal', 'm^3').to_f
-        wh_names << w.name.to_s
-        default_vol = [default_vol, (w.tankVolume.to_f / 0.0037854118).round(1)].max
-      end
-    end
-
-    wh = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('wh', wh_names, true)
-    wh.setDisplayName('Select 40+ gallon water heater to replace or augment')
-    wh.setDescription("All can only be used with the 'Simplified' model")
-    wh.setDefaultValue(wh_names[0])
-    args << wh
-
-    # create argument for hot water tank volume
-    vol = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('vol', false)
-    vol.setDisplayName('Set hot water tank volume [gal]')
-    vol.setDescription('Enter 0 to use existing tank volume(s). Values less than 5 are treated as sizing multipliers.')
-    vol.setUnits('gal')
-    vol.setDefaultValue(0)
-    args << vol
-
-    # create argument for water heater type
-    type = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('type',
-                                                              ['Simplified', 'PumpedCondenser', 'WrappedCondenser'], true)
-    type.setDisplayName('Select heat pump water heater type')
-    type.setDescription('')
-    type.setDefaultValue('Simplified')
-    args << type
-
-    # find available spaces for heater location
-    zone_names = []
-    unless model.getThermalZones.empty?
-      zones = model.getThermalZones
-      zones.each do |zn|
-        zone_names << zn.name.to_s
-      end
-      zone_names.sort!
-    end
-
-    zone_names << 'Error: No Thermal Zones Found' if zone_names.empty?
-    zone_names = ['N/A - Simplified'] + zone_names
-
-    # create argument for thermal zone selection (location of water heater)
-    zone = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('zone', zone_names, true)
-    zone.setDisplayName('Select thermal zone for HP evaporator')
-    zone.setDescription("Does not apply to 'Simplified' cases")
-    zone.setDefaultValue(zone_names[0])
-    args << zone
-
-    # create argument for heat pump capacity
-    cap = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('cap', true)
-    cap.setDisplayName('Set heat pump heating capacity')
-    cap.setDescription('[kW]')
-    cap.setDefaultValue((23.446 * (default_vol / 80.0)).round(1))
-    args << cap
-
-    # create argument for heat pump rated cop
-    cop = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('cop', true)
-    cop.setDisplayName('Set heat pump rated COP (heating)')
-    cop.setDefaultValue(3.2)
-    args << cop
-
-    # create argument for electric backup capacity
-    bu_cap = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('bu_cap', true)
-    bu_cap.setDisplayName('Set electric backup heating capacity')
-    bu_cap.setDescription('[kW]')
-    bu_cap.setDefaultValue((23.446 * (default_vol / 80.0)).round(1))
-    args << bu_cap
-
-    # create argument for maximum tank temperature
-    max_temp = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('max_temp', true)
-    max_temp.setDisplayName('Set maximum tank temperature')
-    max_temp.setDescription('[F]')
-    max_temp.setDefaultValue(160)
-    args << max_temp
-
-    # create argument for minimum float temperature
-    min_temp = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('min_temp', true)
-    min_temp.setDisplayName('Set minimum tank temperature during float')
-    min_temp.setDescription('[F]')
-    min_temp.setDefaultValue(120)
-    args << min_temp
-
-    # create argument for deadband temperature difference between heat pump setpoint and electric backup
-    db_temp = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('db_temp', true)
-    db_temp.setDisplayName('Set deadband temperature difference between heat pump and electric backup')
-    db_temp.setDescription('[F]')
-    db_temp.setDefaultValue(5)
-    args << db_temp
-
-    # find existing temperature setpoint schedules for water heater
-    all_scheds = model.getSchedules
-    temp_sched_names = []
-    default_sched = '--Create New @ 140F--'
-    default_ambient = ''
-    all_scheds.each do |sch|
-      next if sch.scheduleTypeLimits.empty?
-      next unless sch.scheduleTypeLimits.get.unitType.to_s == 'Temperature'
-      temp_sched_names << sch.name.to_s
-      if !wheaters.empty? && (sch.name.to_s == wheaters[0].setpointTemperatureSchedule.get.name.to_s)
-        default_sched = sch.name.to_s
-      end
-    end
-    temp_sched_names = [default_sched] + temp_sched_names.sort
-
-    # create argument for predefined schedule
-    sched = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('sched', temp_sched_names, true)
-    sched.setDisplayName('Select reference tank setpoint temperature schedule')
-    sched.setDescription('')
-    sched.setDefaultValue(temp_sched_names[0])
-    args << sched
-
-    # define possible flex options
-    flex_options = ['None', 'Charge - Heat Pump', 'Charge - Electric', 'Float']
-
-    # create choice and string arguments for flex periods
-    4.times do |n|
-      flex = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('flex' + n.to_s, flex_options, true)
-      flex.setDisplayName("Daily Flex Period #{n + 1}:")
-      flex.setDescription('Applies every day in the full run period.')
-      flex.setDefaultValue('None')
-      args << flex
-
-      flex_hrs = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeStringArgument('flex_hrs' + n.to_s, false)
-      flex_hrs.setDisplayName('Use 24-Hour Format')
-      flex_hrs.setDefaultValue('HH:MM - HH:MM')
-      args << flex_hrs
-    end
-
-    args
-  end
-  ## END USER ARGS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-  ## MEASURE RUN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  # Index:
-  # => Argument Validation
-  # => Controls: Heat Pump Heating Shedule
-  # => Controls: Tank Electric Backup Heating Schedule
-  # => Hardware
-  # => Controls Modifications for Tank
-  # => Report Output Variables
-
-  # define what happens when the measure is run
-  def run(model, runner, user_arguments)
-    super(model, runner, user_arguments)
-
-    ## ARGUMENT VALIDATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # Measure does not immedately return false upon error detection. Errors are accumulated throughout this selection
-    # before exiting gracefully prior to measure execution.
-
-    # use the built-in error checking
-    unless runner.validateUserArguments(arguments(model), user_arguments)
-      return false
-    end
-
-    # report initial condition of model
-    tanks_ic = model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.size + model.getWaterHeaterStratifieds.size
-    hpwh_ic = model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumps.size + model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumpWrappedCondensers.size
-    runner.registerInitialCondition("The building started with #{tanks_ic} water heater tank(s) and " \
-                                    "#{hpwh_ic} heat pump water heater(s).")
-
-    # create empty arrays and initialize variables for future use
-    flex = []
-    flex_type = []
-    flex_hrs = []
-    time_check = []
-    hours = []
-    minutes = []
-    flex_times = []
-
-    # assign the user inputs to variables
-    remove_wh = runner.getBoolArgumentValue('remove_wh', user_arguments)
-    wh = runner.getStringArgumentValue('wh', user_arguments)
-    vol = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('vol', user_arguments)
-    type = runner.getStringArgumentValue('type', user_arguments)
-    zone = runner.getStringArgumentValue('zone', user_arguments)
-    cap = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('cap', user_arguments)
-    cop = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('cop', user_arguments)
-    bu_cap = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('bu_cap', user_arguments)
-    max_temp = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('max_temp', user_arguments)
-    min_temp = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('min_temp', user_arguments)
-    db_temp = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('db_temp', user_arguments)
-    sched = runner.getStringArgumentValue('sched', user_arguments)
-
-    4.times do |n|
-      flex << runner.getStringArgumentValue('flex' + n.to_s, user_arguments)
-      flex_hrs << runner.getStringArgumentValue('flex_hrs' + n.to_s, user_arguments)
-    end
-
-    # check capacity, volume, and temps for reasonableness
-    if cap < 5
-      runner.registerWarning('HPWH heating capacity is less than 5kW ( 17kBtu/hr)')
-    end
-
-    if bu_cap < 5
-      runner.registerWarning('Backup heating capaicty is less than 5kW ( 17kBtu/hr).')
-    end
-
-    if vol == 0
-      runner.registerInfo('Tank volume was not specified, using existing tank capacity.')
-    elsif vol < 40
-      runner.registerWarning('Tank has less than 40 gallon capacity; check heat pump sizing if model fails.')
-    end
-
-    if min_temp < 120
-      runner.registerWarning('Minimum tank temperature is very low; consider increasing to at least 120F.')
-      runner.registerWarning('Do not store water for long periods at temperatures below 135-140F as those ' \
-                            'conditions facilitate the growth of Legionella.')
-    end
-
-    if max_temp > 185
-      runner.registerWarning('Maximum charging temperature exceeded practical limits; reset to 185F.')
-      max_temp = 185.0
-    end
-
-    if max_temp > 170
-      runner.registerWarning("#{max_temp}F is above or near the limit of the HP performance curves. If the " \
-                            'simulation fails with cooling capacity less than 0, you have exceeded performance ' \
-                            'limits. Consider setting max temp to less than 170F.')
-    end
-
-    # check selected schedule and set flag for later use
-    sched_flag = false # flag for either creating new (false) or modifying existing (true) schedule
-    if sched == '--Create New @ 140F--'
-      runner.registerInfo('No reference water heater temperature setpoint schedule was selected; a new one ' \
-                          'will be created.')
-    else
-      sched_flag = true
-      runner.registerInfo("#{sched} will be used as the water heater temperature setpoint schedule.")
-    end
-
-    # parse flex_hrs into hours and minuts arrays
-    idx = 0
-    flex_hrs.each do |fh|
-      if flex[idx] != 'None'
-        data = fh.split(/[-:]/)
-        data.each { |e| e.delete!(' ') }
-        if data[2] > data[0]
-          flex_type << flex[idx]
-          hours << data[0]
-          hours << data[2]
-          minutes << data[1]
-          minutes << data[3]
-        else
-          flex_type << flex[idx]
-          flex_type << flex[idx]
-          hours << 0
-          hours << data[2]
-          hours << data[0]
-          hours << 24
-          minutes << 0
-          minutes << data[3]
-          minutes << data[1]
-          minutes << 0
-        end
-      end
-      idx += 1
-    end
-
-    # convert hours and minutes into OS:Time objects
-    idx = 0
-    hours.each do |h|
-      flex_times << OpenStudio::Time.new(0, h.to_i, minutes[idx].to_i, 0)
-      idx += 1
-    end
-
-    # flex.delete('None')
-
-    runner.registerInfo("A total of #{idx / 2} flex periods will be added to the selected water heater setpoint schedule.")
-
-    # exit gracefully if errors registered above
-    return false unless runner.result.errors.empty?
-    ## END ARGUMENT VALIDATION -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    ## CONTROLS: HEAT PUMP HEATING TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE -------------------------------------------------------
-    # This section creates the heat pump heating temperature setpoint schedule with flex periods
-    # The tank schedule is created here
-
-    # find or create new reference temperature schedule based on sched_flag value
-    if sched_flag # schedule already exists and must be modified
-      # converts the STRING into a MODEL OBJECT, same variable name
-      sched = model.getScheduleRulesetByName(sched).get.clone.to_ScheduleRuleset.get
-    else
-      # must create new water heater setpoint temperature schedule at 140F
-      sched = OpenStudio::Model::ScheduleRuleset.new(model, 60)
-    end
-
-    # rename and duplicate for later modification
-    sched.setName('Heat Pump Heating Temperature Setpoint')
-    sched.defaultDaySchedule.setName('Heat Pump Heating Temperature Setpoint Default')
-
-    # tank_sched = sched.clone.to_ScheduleRuleset.get
-    tank_sched = OpenStudio::Model::ScheduleRuleset.new(model, 60 - (db_temp / 1.8 + 2))
-    tank_sched.setName('Tank Electric Heater Setpoint')
-    tank_sched.defaultDaySchedule.setName('Tank Electric Heater Setpoint Default')
-
-    # grab default day and time-value pairs for modification
-    d_day = sched.defaultDaySchedule
-    old_times = d_day.times
-    old_values = d_day.values
-    new_values = Array.new(flex_times.size, 2)
-
-    # find existing values in reference schedule and grab for use in new-rule creation
-    flex_times.size.times do |i|
-      if i.even?
-        n = 0
-        old_times.each do |ot|
-          new_values[i] = old_values[n] if flex_times[i] <= ot
-          n += 1
-        end
-      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Heat Pump'
-        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(max_temp, 'F', 'C').get
-      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Float' || flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Electric'
-        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(min_temp, 'F', 'C').get
-      end
-    end
-
-    # create new rules and add to default day based on flex period options above
-    idx = 0
-    flex_times.each do |ft|
-      d_day.addValue(ft, new_values[idx])
-      idx += 1
-    end
-
-    ## END CONTROLS: HEAT PUMP HEATING TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE ---------------------------------------------------
-
-    ## CONTROLS: TANK TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE (ELECTRIC BACKUP) --------------------------------------------------
-    # This section creates the setpoint temperature schedule for the electric backup heating coils in the water tank
-
-    # grab default day and time-value pairs for modification
-    d_day = tank_sched.defaultDaySchedule
-    old_times = d_day.times
-    old_values = d_day.values
-    new_values = Array.new(flex_times.size, 2)
-
-    # find existing values in reference schedule and grab for use in new-rule creation
-    flex_times.size.times do |i|
-      if i.even?
-        n = 0
-        old_times.each do |ot|
-          new_values[i] = old_values[n] if flex_times[i] <= ot
-          n += 1
-        end
-      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Electric'
-        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(max_temp, 'F', 'C').get
-      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Float' # || flex_type[(i/2).floor] == 'Charge - Heat Pump'
-        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(min_temp - db_temp, 'F', 'C').get
-      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Heat Pump'
-        new_values[i] = 60 - (db_temp / 1.8)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # create new rules and add to default day based on flex period options above
-    idx = 0
-    flex_times.each do |ft|
-      d_day.addValue(ft, new_values[idx])
-      idx += 1
-    end
-
-    ## END CONTROLS: TANK TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE (ELECTRIC BACKUP) ----------------------------------------------
-
-    ## HARDWARE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    # This section adds the selected type of heat pump water heater to the supply side of the selected loop. If
-    # selected, measure will remove any existing water heaters on the supply side of the loop. If old heater(s) are left
-    # in place, the new HPWH tank will be placed in front (to the left) of them.
-
-    # use OS standards build - arbitrary selection, but NZE Ready seems appropriate
-    std = Standard.build('NREL ZNE Ready 2017')
-
-    #####
-    # get the selected water heaters
-    whtrs = []
-    model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.each do |w|
-      if wh == 'All Water Heaters (Simplified Only)'
-        # exclude booster tanks (<10gal):
-        if w.tankVolume.to_f < 0.037854
-          next
-        else
-          whtrs << w
-        end
-      elsif w.name.to_s == wh
-        whtrs << w
-      end
-    end
-
-    whtrs.each do |wh|
-      # create empty arrays and initialize variables for later use
-      old_heater = []
-      count = 0
-
-      # get the appropriate plant loop
-      loop = ''
-      loops = model.getPlantLoops
-      loops.each do |l|
-        l.supplyComponents.each do |c|
-          if c.name.to_s == wh.name.to_s
-            loop = l
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # use existing tank volume unless otherwise specified
-      # values between 0.0 and 5.0 are considered tank sizing multipliers
-      if vol == 0
-        v = wh.tankVolume
-      elsif (vol > 0.0) && (vol < 5.0)
-        v = wh.tankVolume.to_f * vol
-      else
-        v = OpenStudio.convert(vol, 'gal', 'm^3').get
-      end
-
-      inlet = wh.supplyInletModelObject.get.to_Node.get
-      outlet = wh.supplyOutletModelObject.get.to_Node.get
-
-      # Add heat pump water heater and attach to selected loop
-      # Reference: https://github.com/NREL/openstudio-standards/blob/master/lib/
-      # => openstudio-standards/prototypes/common/objects/Prototype.ServiceWaterHeating.rb
-      if type != 'Simplified'
-        # convert zone name from STRING into OS model OBJECT
-        zone = model.getThermalZoneByName(zone).get
-        hpwh = std.model_add_heatpump_water_heater(model, # model
-                                                   type: type,                                                           # type
-                                                   water_heater_capacity: (cap * 1000 / cop),                            # water_heater_capacity
-                                                   electric_backup_capacity: (bu_cap * 1000),                            # electric_backup_capacity
-                                                   water_heater_volume: v,                                               # water_heater_volume
-                                                   service_water_temperature: OpenStudio.convert(140.0, 'F', 'C').get,   # service_water_temperature
-                                                   parasitic_fuel_consumption_rate: 3.0,                                 # parasitic_fuel_consumption_rate
-                                                   swh_temp_sch: sched,                                                  # swh_temp_sch
-                                                   cop: cop,                                                             # cop
-                                                   shr: 0.88,                                                            # shr
-                                                   tank_ua: 3.9,                                                         # tank_ua
-                                                   set_peak_use_flowrate: false,                                         # set_peak_use_flowrate
-                                                   peak_flowrate: 0.0,                                                   # peak_flowrate
-                                                   flowrate_schedule: nil,                                               # flowrate_schedule
-                                                   water_heater_thermal_zone: zone)                                      # water_heater_thermal_zone
-      else
-        # zone = wh.ambientTemperatureThermalZone.get
-        runner.registerWarning(wh.to_s)
-        hpwh = std.model_add_water_heater(model, # model
-                                          (cap * 1000),                                                         # water_heater_capacity
-                                          v.to_f,                                                               # water_heater_volume
-                                          'HeatPump',                                                           # water_heater_fuel
-                                          OpenStudio.convert(140.0, 'F', 'C').to_f,                             # service_water_temperature
-                                          3.0,                                                                  # parasitic_fuel_consumption_rate
-                                          sched,                                                                # swh_temp_sch
-                                          false,                                                                # set_peak_use_flowrate
-                                          0.0,                                                                  # peak_flowrate
-                                          nil,                                                                  # flowrate_schedule
-                                          model.getThermalZones[0], # water_heater_thermal_zone
-                                          1) # number_water_heaters
-        # set COP in PLF curve
-        cop_curve = hpwh.partLoadFactorCurve.get
-        cop_curve.setName(cop_curve.name.get.gsub('2.8', cop.to_s))
-        cop_curve.setCoefficient1Constant(cop)
-      end
-
-      # add tank to appropriate branch and node (will be placed first in series if old tanks not removed)
-      # modify objects as ncessary
-      if type != 'Simplified'
-        hpwh.tank.addToNode(inlet)
-        hpwh.setDeadBandTemperatureDifference(db_temp / 1.8)
-        runner.registerInfo("#{hpwh.tank.name} was added to the model on #{loop.name}")
-      else
-        hpwh.addToNode(inlet)
-        hpwh.setMaximumTemperatureLimit(OpenStudio.convert(max_temp, 'F', 'C').get)
-        runner.registerInfo("#{hpwh.name} was added to the model on #{loop.name}")
-      end
-
-      # remove old tank objects if necessary
-      if remove_wh
-        runner.registerInfo("#{wh.name} was removed from the model.")
-        wh.remove
-      end
-
-      # CONTROLS MODIFICATIONS FOR TANK ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-      # apply schedule to tank
-      if type == 'PumpedCondenser'
-        hpwh.tank.to_WaterHeaterMixed.get.setSetpointTemperatureSchedule(tank_sched)
-      elsif type == 'WrappedCondenser'
-        hpwh.tank.to_WaterHeaterStratified.get.setHeater1SetpointTemperatureSchedule(tank_sched)
-        hpwh.tank.to_WaterHeaterStratified.get.setHeater2SetpointTemperatureSchedule(tank_sched)
-      end
-      # END CONTROLS MODIFICATIONS FOR TANK -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-    end
-    ## END HARDWARE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    ## ADD REPORTED VARIABLES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    ovar_names = ['Cooling Coil Total Cooling Rate',
-                  'Cooling Coil Total Water Heating Rate',
-                  'Cooling Coil Water Heating Electric Power',
-                  'Cooling Coil Crankcase Heater Electric Power',
-                  'Water Heater Tank Temperature',
-                  'Water Heater Heat Loss Rate',
-                  'Water Heater Heating Rate',
-                  'Water Heater Use Side Heat Transfer Rate',
-                  'Water Heater Source Side Heat Transfer Rate',
-                  'Water Heater Unmet Demand Heat Transfer Rate',
-                  'Water Heater Electricity Rate',
-                  'Water Heater Water Volume Flow Rate',
-                  'Water Use Connections Hot Water Temperature']
-
-    # Create new output variable objects
-    ovars = []
-    ovar_names.each do |nm|
-      ovars << OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new(nm, model)
-    end
-
-    # add temperate schedule outputs - clean up and put names into array, then loop over setting key values
-    v = OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new('Schedule Value', model)
-    v.setKeyValue(sched.name.to_s)
-    ovars << v
-
-    v = OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new('Schedule Value', model)
-    v.setKeyValue(tank_sched.name.to_s)
-    ovars << v
-
-    if type != 'Simplified'
-      v = OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new('Schedule Value', model)
-      v.setKeyValue(tank_sched.name.to_s)
-      ovars << v
-    end
-
-    # Set variable reporting frequency for newly created output variables
-    ovars.each do |var|
-      var.setReportingFrequency('TimeStep')
-    end
-
-    # Register info re: output variables:
-    runner.registerInfo("#{ovars.size} output variables were added to the model.")
-    ## END ADD REPORTED VARIABLES --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-    # Register final condition
-    hpwh_fc = model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumps.size + model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumpWrappedCondensers.size
-    tanks_fc = model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.size + model.getWaterHeaterStratifieds.size
-    runner.registerFinalCondition("The building finshed with #{tanks_fc} water heater tank(s) and " \
-                                  "#{hpwh_fc} heat pump water heater(s).")
-
-    true
-  end
-end
-
-# register the measure to be used by the application
-AddHphw.new.registerWithApplication
+# *******************************************************************************
+# OpenStudio(R), Copyright (c) 2008-2021, Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
+# All rights reserved.
+# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+#
+# (1) Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+#
+# (2) Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+#
+# (3) Neither the name of the copyright holder nor the names of any contributors
+# may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+# specific prior written permission from the respective party.
+#
+# (4) Other than as required in clauses (1) and (2), distributions in any form
+# of modifications or other derivative works may not use the "OpenStudio"
+# trademark, "OS", "os", or any other confusingly similar designation without
+# specific prior written permission from Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC.
+#
+# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S) AND ANY CONTRIBUTORS
+# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
+# THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+# ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER(S), ANY CONTRIBUTORS, THE
+# UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, OR THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, NOR ANY OF
+# THEIR EMPLOYEES, BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
+# EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT
+# OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+# INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
+# STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
+# OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+# *******************************************************************************
+
+# Measure distributed under NREL Copyright terms, see LICENSE.md file.
+
+# Author: Karl Heine
+# Date: December 2019 - March 2020
+
+# References:
+# EnergyPlus InputOutput Reference, Sections:
+# EnergyPlus Engineering Reference, Sections:
+
+# start the measure
+class AddHpwh < OpenStudio::Measure::ModelMeasure
+  require 'openstudio-standards'
+
+  # human readable name
+  def name
+    # Measure name should be the title case of the class name.
+    'Add HPWH for Domestic Hot Water'
+  end
+
+  # human readable description
+  def description
+    'This measure adds or replaces existing domestic hot water heater with air source heat pump system and ' \
+           'allows for the addition of multiple daily flexible control time windows. The heater/tank system may ' \
+           'charge at maximum capacity up to an elevated temperature, or float without any heat addition for a ' \
+           'specified timeframe down to a minimum tank temperature.'
+  end
+
+  # human readable description of modeling approach
+  def modeler_description
+    return 'This measure allows selection between three heat pump water heater modeling approaches in EnergyPlus.' \
+           'The user may select between the pumped-condenser or wrapped-condenser objects. They may also elect to ' \
+           'use a simplified calculation which does not use the heat pump objects, but instead used an electric ' \
+           'resistance heater and approximates the equivalent electrical input that would be required from a heat ' \
+           "pump. This expedites simulation at the expense of accuracy. \n" \
+           'The flexibility of the system is based on user-defined temperatures and times, which are converted into ' \
+           'schedule objects. There are four flexibility options. (1) None: normal operation of the DHW system at ' \
+           'a fixed tank temperature setpoint. (2) Charge - Heat Pump: the tank is charged to a maximum temperature ' \
+           'using only the heat pump. (3) Charge - Electric: the tank is charged using internal electric resistance ' \
+           'heaters to a maximum temperature. (4) Float: all heating elements are turned-off for a user-defined time ' \
+           'period unless the tank temperature falls below a minimum value. The heat pump will be prioritized in a ' \
+           "low tank temperature event, with the electric resistance heaters serving as back-up. \n"
+    'Due to the heat pump interaction with zone conditioning as well as tank heating, users may experience ' \
+    'simulation errors if the heat pump is too large and placed in an already conditioned zoned. Try using ' \
+    'multiple smaller units, modifying the heat pump location within the model, or adjusting the zone thermo' \
+    'stat constraints. Use mulitiple instances of the measure to add multiple heat pump water heaters. '
+  end
+
+  ## USER ARGS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # define the arguments that the user will input
+  def arguments(model)
+    args = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgumentVector.new
+
+    # create argument for removal of existing water heater tanks on selected loop
+    remove_wh = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeBoolArgument('remove_wh', true)
+    remove_wh.setDisplayName('Remove existing water heater?')
+    remove_wh.setDescription('')
+    remove_wh.setDefaultValue(true)
+    args << remove_wh
+
+    # find available water heaters and get default volume
+    default_vol = 80.0 # gallons
+    wh_names = ['All Water Heaters (Simplified Only)']
+    if !model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.empty?
+      wheaters = model.getWaterHeaterMixeds
+      wheaters.each do |w|
+        if w.tankVolume.to_f > OpenStudio.convert(39, 'gal', 'm^3').to_f
+          wh_names << w.name.to_s
+          default_vol = [default_vol, (w.tankVolume.to_f / 0.0037854118).round(1)].max
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    wh = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('wh', wh_names, true)
+    wh.setDisplayName('Select 40+ gallon water heater to replace or augment')
+    wh.setDescription("All can only be used with the 'Simplified' model")
+    wh.setDefaultValue(wh_names[0])
+    args << wh
+
+    # create argument for hot water tank volume
+    vol = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('vol', false)
+    vol.setDisplayName('Set hot water tank volume [gal]')
+    vol.setDescription('Enter 0 to use existing tank volume(s). Values less than 5 are treated as sizing multipliers.')
+    vol.setUnits('gal')
+    vol.setDefaultValue(0)
+    args << vol
+
+    # create argument for water heater type
+    type = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('type',
+                                                              ['Simplified', 'PumpedCondenser', 'WrappedCondenser'], true)
+    type.setDisplayName('Select heat pump water heater type')
+    type.setDescription('')
+    type.setDefaultValue('Simplified')
+    args << type
+
+    # find available spaces for heater location
+    zone_names = []
+    unless model.getThermalZones.empty?
+      zones = model.getThermalZones
+      zones.each do |zn|
+        zone_names << zn.name.to_s
+      end
+      zone_names.sort!
+    end
+
+    zone_names << 'Error: No Thermal Zones Found' if zone_names.empty?
+    zone_names = ['N/A - Simplified'] + zone_names
+
+    # create argument for thermal zone selection (location of water heater)
+    zone = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('zone', zone_names, true)
+    zone.setDisplayName('Select thermal zone for HP evaporator')
+    zone.setDescription("Does not apply to 'Simplified' cases")
+    zone.setDefaultValue(zone_names[0])
+    args << zone
+
+    # create argument for heat pump capacity
+    cap = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('cap', true)
+    cap.setDisplayName('Set heat pump heating capacity')
+    cap.setDescription('[kW]')
+    cap.setDefaultValue((23.446 * (default_vol / 80.0)).round(1))
+    args << cap
+
+    # create argument for heat pump rated cop
+    cop = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('cop', true)
+    cop.setDisplayName('Set heat pump rated COP (heating)')
+    cop.setDefaultValue(3.2)
+    args << cop
+
+    # create argument for electric backup capacity
+    bu_cap = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('bu_cap', true)
+    bu_cap.setDisplayName('Set electric backup heating capacity')
+    bu_cap.setDescription('[kW]')
+    bu_cap.setDefaultValue((23.446 * (default_vol / 80.0)).round(1))
+    args << bu_cap
+
+    # create argument for maximum tank temperature
+    max_temp = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('max_temp', true)
+    max_temp.setDisplayName('Set maximum tank temperature')
+    max_temp.setDescription('[F]')
+    max_temp.setDefaultValue(160)
+    args << max_temp
+
+    # create argument for minimum float temperature
+    min_temp = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('min_temp', true)
+    min_temp.setDisplayName('Set minimum tank temperature during float')
+    min_temp.setDescription('[F]')
+    min_temp.setDefaultValue(120)
+    args << min_temp
+
+    # create argument for deadband temperature difference between heat pump setpoint and electric backup
+    db_temp = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeDoubleArgument('db_temp', true)
+    db_temp.setDisplayName('Set deadband temperature difference between heat pump and electric backup')
+    db_temp.setDescription('[F]')
+    db_temp.setDefaultValue(5)
+    args << db_temp
+
+    # find existing temperature setpoint schedules for water heater
+    all_scheds = model.getSchedules
+    temp_sched_names = []
+    default_sched = '--Create New @ 140F--'
+    default_ambient = ''
+    all_scheds.each do |sch|
+      next if sch.scheduleTypeLimits.empty?
+      next unless sch.scheduleTypeLimits.get.unitType.to_s == 'Temperature'
+
+      temp_sched_names << sch.name.to_s
+      if !wheaters.empty? && (sch.name.to_s == wheaters[0].setpointTemperatureSchedule.get.name.to_s)
+        default_sched = sch.name.to_s
+      end
+    end
+    temp_sched_names = [default_sched] + temp_sched_names.sort
+
+    # create argument for predefined schedule
+    sched = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument('sched', temp_sched_names, true)
+    sched.setDisplayName('Select reference tank setpoint temperature schedule')
+    sched.setDescription('')
+    sched.setDefaultValue(temp_sched_names[0])
+    args << sched
+
+    # define possible flex options
+    flex_options = ['None', 'Charge - Heat Pump', 'Charge - Electric', 'Float']
+
+    # create choice and string arguments for flex periods
+    4.times do |n|
+      flex = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeChoiceArgument("flex#{n}", flex_options, true)
+      flex.setDisplayName("Daily Flex Period #{n + 1}:")
+      flex.setDescription('Applies every day in the full run period.')
+      flex.setDefaultValue('None')
+      args << flex
+
+      flex_hrs = OpenStudio::Measure::OSArgument.makeStringArgument("flex_hrs#{n}", false)
+      flex_hrs.setDisplayName('Use 24-Hour Format')
+      flex_hrs.setDefaultValue('HH:MM - HH:MM')
+      args << flex_hrs
+    end
+
+    args
+  end
+  ## END USER ARGS -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+  ## MEASURE RUN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  # Index:
+  # => Argument Validation
+  # => Controls: Heat Pump Heating Shedule
+  # => Controls: Tank Electric Backup Heating Schedule
+  # => Hardware
+  # => Controls Modifications for Tank
+  # => Report Output Variables
+
+  # define what happens when the measure is run
+  def run(model, runner, user_arguments)
+    super(model, runner, user_arguments)
+
+    ## ARGUMENT VALIDATION ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Measure does not immedately return false upon error detection. Errors are accumulated throughout this selection
+    # before exiting gracefully prior to measure execution.
+
+    # use the built-in error checking
+    unless runner.validateUserArguments(arguments(model), user_arguments)
+      return false
+    end
+
+    # report initial condition of model
+    tanks_ic = model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.size + model.getWaterHeaterStratifieds.size
+    hpwh_ic = model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumps.size + model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumpWrappedCondensers.size
+    runner.registerInitialCondition("The building started with #{tanks_ic} water heater tank(s) and " \
+                                    "#{hpwh_ic} heat pump water heater(s).")
+
+    # create empty arrays and initialize variables for future use
+    flex = []
+    flex_type = []
+    flex_hrs = []
+    time_check = []
+    hours = []
+    minutes = []
+    flex_times = []
+
+    # assign the user inputs to variables
+    remove_wh = runner.getBoolArgumentValue('remove_wh', user_arguments)
+    wh = runner.getStringArgumentValue('wh', user_arguments)
+    vol = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('vol', user_arguments)
+    type = runner.getStringArgumentValue('type', user_arguments)
+    zone = runner.getStringArgumentValue('zone', user_arguments)
+    cap = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('cap', user_arguments)
+    cop = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('cop', user_arguments)
+    bu_cap = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('bu_cap', user_arguments)
+    max_temp = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('max_temp', user_arguments)
+    min_temp = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('min_temp', user_arguments)
+    db_temp = runner.getDoubleArgumentValue('db_temp', user_arguments)
+    sched = runner.getStringArgumentValue('sched', user_arguments)
+
+    4.times do |n|
+      flex << runner.getStringArgumentValue("flex#{n}", user_arguments)
+      flex_hrs << runner.getStringArgumentValue("flex_hrs#{n}", user_arguments)
+    end
+
+    # check for existence of water heaters (if "all" is selected)
+    if model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.empty?
+      runner.registerError('No water heaters found in the model')
+      return false
+    end
+
+    # Alert user to "simplified" selection
+    if type == 'Simplified'
+      runner.registerInfo('NOTE: The simplified model is used, so heat pump objects are not employed.')
+    end
+
+    # check capacity, volume, and temps for reasonableness
+    if cap < 5
+      runner.registerWarning('HPWH heating capacity is less than 5kW ( 17kBtu/hr)')
+    end
+
+    if bu_cap < 5
+      runner.registerWarning('Backup heating capaicty is less than 5kW ( 17kBtu/hr).')
+    end
+
+    if vol == 0
+      runner.registerInfo('Tank volume was not specified, using existing tank capacity.')
+    elsif vol < 40
+      runner.registerWarning('Tank has less than 40 gallon capacity; check heat pump sizing if model fails.')
+    end
+
+    if min_temp < 120
+      runner.registerWarning('Minimum tank temperature is very low; consider increasing to at least 120F.')
+      runner.registerWarning('Do not store water for long periods at temperatures below 135-140F as those ' \
+                            'conditions facilitate the growth of Legionella.')
+    end
+
+    if max_temp > 185
+      runner.registerWarning('Maximum charging temperature exceeded practical limits; reset to 185F.')
+      max_temp = 185.0
+    end
+
+    if max_temp > 170
+      runner.registerWarning("#{max_temp}F is above or near the limit of the HP performance curves. If the " \
+                            'simulation fails with cooling capacity less than 0, you have exceeded performance ' \
+                            'limits. Consider setting max temp to less than 170F.')
+    end
+
+    # check selected schedule and set flag for later use
+    sched_flag = false # flag for either creating new (false) or modifying existing (true) schedule
+    if sched == '--Create New @ 140F--'
+      runner.registerInfo('No reference water heater temperature setpoint schedule was selected; a new one ' \
+                          'will be created.')
+    else
+      sched_flag = true
+      runner.registerInfo("#{sched} will be used as the water heater temperature setpoint schedule.")
+    end
+
+    # parse flex_hrs into hours and minuts arrays
+    idx = 0
+    flex_hrs.each do |fh|
+      if flex[idx] != 'None'
+        data = fh.split(/[-:]/)
+        data.each { |e| e.delete!(' ') }
+        if data[2] > data[0]
+          flex_type << flex[idx]
+          hours << data[0]
+          hours << data[2]
+          minutes << data[1]
+          minutes << data[3]
+        else
+          flex_type << flex[idx]
+          flex_type << flex[idx]
+          hours << 0
+          hours << data[2]
+          hours << data[0]
+          hours << 24
+          minutes << 0
+          minutes << data[3]
+          minutes << data[1]
+          minutes << 0
+        end
+      end
+      idx += 1
+    end
+
+    # convert hours and minutes into OS:Time objects
+    idx = 0
+    hours.each do |h|
+      flex_times << OpenStudio::Time.new(0, h.to_i, minutes[idx].to_i, 0)
+      idx += 1
+    end
+
+    # flex.delete('None')
+
+    runner.registerInfo("A total of #{idx / 2} flex periods will be added to the selected water heater setpoint schedule.")
+
+    # exit gracefully if errors registered above
+    return false unless runner.result.errors.empty?
+
+    ## END ARGUMENT VALIDATION -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    ## CONTROLS: HEAT PUMP HEATING TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE -------------------------------------------------------
+    # This section creates the heat pump heating temperature setpoint schedule with flex periods
+    # The tank schedule is created here
+
+    # find or create new reference temperature schedule based on sched_flag value
+    if sched_flag # schedule already exists and must be modified
+      # converts the STRING into a MODEL OBJECT, same variable name
+      sched = model.getScheduleRulesetByName(sched).get.clone.to_ScheduleRuleset.get
+    else
+      # must create new water heater setpoint temperature schedule at 140F
+      sched = OpenStudio::Model::ScheduleRuleset.new(model, 60)
+    end
+
+    # rename and duplicate for later modification
+    sched.setName('Heat Pump Heating Temperature Setpoint')
+    sched.defaultDaySchedule.setName('Heat Pump Heating Temperature Setpoint Default')
+
+    # tank_sched = sched.clone.to_ScheduleRuleset.get
+    tank_sched = OpenStudio::Model::ScheduleRuleset.new(model, 60 - (db_temp / 1.8 + 2))
+    tank_sched.setName('Tank Electric Heater Setpoint')
+    tank_sched.defaultDaySchedule.setName('Tank Electric Heater Setpoint Default')
+
+    # grab default day and time-value pairs for modification
+    d_day = sched.defaultDaySchedule
+    old_times = d_day.times
+    old_values = d_day.values
+    new_values = Array.new(flex_times.size, 2)
+
+    # find existing values in reference schedule and grab for use in new-rule creation
+    flex_times.size.times do |i|
+      if i.even?
+        n = 0
+        old_times.each do |ot|
+          new_values[i] = old_values[n] if flex_times[i] <= ot
+          n += 1
+        end
+      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Heat Pump'
+        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(max_temp, 'F', 'C').get
+      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Float' || flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Electric'
+        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(min_temp, 'F', 'C').get
+      end
+    end
+
+    # create new rules and add to default day based on flex period options above
+    idx = 0
+    flex_times.each do |ft|
+      d_day.addValue(ft, new_values[idx])
+      idx += 1
+    end
+
+    ## END CONTROLS: HEAT PUMP HEATING TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE ---------------------------------------------------
+
+    ## CONTROLS: TANK TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE (ELECTRIC BACKUP) --------------------------------------------------
+    # This section creates the setpoint temperature schedule for the electric backup heating coils in the water tank
+
+    # grab default day and time-value pairs for modification
+    d_day = tank_sched.defaultDaySchedule
+    old_times = d_day.times
+    old_values = d_day.values
+    new_values = Array.new(flex_times.size, 2)
+
+    # find existing values in reference schedule and grab for use in new-rule creation
+    flex_times.size.times do |i|
+      if i.even?
+        n = 0
+        old_times.each do |ot|
+          new_values[i] = old_values[n] if flex_times[i] <= ot
+          n += 1
+        end
+      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Electric'
+        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(max_temp, 'F', 'C').get
+      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Float' # || flex_type[(i/2).floor] == 'Charge - Heat Pump'
+        new_values[i] = OpenStudio.convert(min_temp - db_temp, 'F', 'C').get
+      elsif flex_type[(i / 2).floor] == 'Charge - Heat Pump'
+        new_values[i] = 60 - (db_temp / 1.8)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # create new rules and add to default day based on flex period options above
+    idx = 0
+    flex_times.each do |ft|
+      d_day.addValue(ft, new_values[idx])
+      idx += 1
+    end
+
+    ## END CONTROLS: TANK TEMPERATURE SETPOINT SCHEDULE (ELECTRIC BACKUP) ----------------------------------------------
+
+    ## HARDWARE --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # This section adds the selected type of heat pump water heater to the supply side of the selected loop. If
+    # selected, measure will remove any existing water heaters on the supply side of the loop. If old heater(s) are left
+    # in place, the new HPWH tank will be placed in front (to the left) of them.
+
+    # use OS standards build - arbitrary selection, but NZE Ready seems appropriate
+    std = Standard.build('NREL ZNE Ready 2017')
+
+    #####
+    # get the selected water heaters
+    whtrs = []
+    model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.each do |w|
+      case wh
+      when 'All Water Heaters (Simplified Only)'
+        # exclude booster tanks (<10gal):
+        if w.tankVolume.to_f < 0.037854
+          next
+        else
+          whtrs << w
+        end
+      when w.name.to_s
+        whtrs << w
+      end
+    end
+
+    whtrs.each do |whtr|
+      # create empty arrays and initialize variables for later use
+      old_heater = []
+      count = 0
+
+      # get the appropriate plant loop
+      loop = ''
+      loops = model.getPlantLoops
+      loops.each do |l|
+        l.supplyComponents.each do |c|
+          if c.name.to_s == whtr.name.to_s
+            loop = l
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      # use existing tank volume unless otherwise specified
+      # values between 0.0 and 5.0 are considered tank sizing multipliers
+      if vol == 0
+        v = whtr.tankVolume
+      elsif (vol > 0.0) && (vol < 5.0)
+        v = whtr.tankVolume.to_f * vol
+      else
+        v = OpenStudio.convert(vol, 'gal', 'm^3').get
+      end
+
+      inlet = whtr.supplyInletModelObject.get.to_Node.get
+      outlet = whtr.supplyOutletModelObject.get.to_Node.get
+
+      # Add heat pump water heater and attach to selected loop
+      # Reference: https://github.com/NREL/openstudio-standards/blob/master/lib/
+      # => openstudio-standards/prototypes/common/objects/Prototype.ServiceWaterHeating.rb
+      if type != 'Simplified'
+        # convert zone name from STRING into OS model OBJECT
+        zone = model.getThermalZoneByName(zone).get
+        hpwh = std.model_add_heatpump_water_heater(model, # model
+                                                   type: type,                                                           # type
+                                                   water_heater_capacity: (cap * 1000 / cop),                            # water_heater_capacity
+                                                   electric_backup_capacity: (bu_cap * 1000),                            # electric_backup_capacity
+                                                   water_heater_volume: v,                                               # water_heater_volume
+                                                   service_water_temperature: OpenStudio.convert(140.0, 'F', 'C').get,   # service_water_temperature
+                                                   parasitic_fuel_consumption_rate: 3.0,                                 # parasitic_fuel_consumption_rate
+                                                   swh_temp_sch: sched,                                                  # swh_temp_sch
+                                                   cop: cop,                                                             # cop
+                                                   shr: 0.88,                                                            # shr
+                                                   tank_ua: 3.9,                                                         # tank_ua
+                                                   set_peak_use_flowrate: false,                                         # set_peak_use_flowrate
+                                                   peak_flowrate: 0.0,                                                   # peak_flowrate
+                                                   flowrate_schedule: nil,                                               # flowrate_schedule
+                                                   water_heater_thermal_zone: zone)                                      # water_heater_thermal_zone
+      else
+        # zone = whtr.ambientTemperatureThermalZone.get
+        hpwh = std.model_add_water_heater(model, # model
+                                          (cap * 1000),                                                         # water_heater_capacity
+                                          v.to_f,                                                               # water_heater_volume
+                                          'HeatPump',                                                           # water_heater_fuel
+                                          OpenStudio.convert(140.0, 'F', 'C').to_f,                             # service_water_temperature
+                                          3.0,                                                                  # parasitic_fuel_consumption_rate
+                                          sched,                                                                # swh_temp_sch
+                                          false,                                                                # set_peak_use_flowrate
+                                          0.0,                                                                  # peak_flowrate
+                                          nil,                                                                  # flowrate_schedule
+                                          model.getThermalZones[0], # water_heater_thermal_zone
+                                          1) # number_water_heaters
+        # set COP in PLF curve
+        cop_curve = hpwh.partLoadFactorCurve.get
+        cop_curve.setName(cop_curve.name.get.gsub('2.8', cop.to_s))
+        cop_curve.setCoefficient1Constant(cop)
+      end
+
+      # add tank to appropriate branch and node (will be placed first in series if old tanks not removed)
+      # modify objects as ncessary
+      if type != 'Simplified'
+        hpwh.tank.addToNode(inlet)
+        hpwh.setDeadBandTemperatureDifference(db_temp / 1.8)
+        runner.registerInfo("#{hpwh.tank.name} was added to the model on #{loop.name}")
+      else
+        hpwh.addToNode(inlet)
+        hpwh.setMaximumTemperatureLimit(OpenStudio.convert(max_temp, 'F', 'C').get)
+        runner.registerInfo("#{hpwh.name} was added to the model on #{loop.name}")
+      end
+
+      # remove old tank objects if necessary
+      if remove_wh
+        runner.registerInfo("#{whtr.name} was removed from the model.")
+        whtr.remove
+      end
+
+      # CONTROLS MODIFICATIONS FOR TANK ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+      # apply schedule to tank
+      case type
+      when 'PumpedCondenser'
+        hpwh.tank.to_WaterHeaterMixed.get.setSetpointTemperatureSchedule(tank_sched)
+      when 'WrappedCondenser'
+        hpwh.tank.to_WaterHeaterStratified.get.setHeater1SetpointTemperatureSchedule(tank_sched)
+        hpwh.tank.to_WaterHeaterStratified.get.setHeater2SetpointTemperatureSchedule(tank_sched)
+      end
+      # END CONTROLS MODIFICATIONS FOR TANK -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    end
+    ## END HARDWARE ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    ## ADD REPORTED VARIABLES ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    ovar_names = ['Cooling Coil Total Cooling Rate',
+                  'Cooling Coil Total Water Heating Rate',
+                  'Cooling Coil Water Heating Electric Power',
+                  'Cooling Coil Crankcase Heater Electric Power',
+                  'Water Heater Tank Temperature',
+                  'Water Heater Heat Loss Rate',
+                  'Water Heater Heating Rate',
+                  'Water Heater Use Side Heat Transfer Rate',
+                  'Water Heater Source Side Heat Transfer Rate',
+                  'Water Heater Unmet Demand Heat Transfer Rate',
+                  'Water Heater Electricity Rate',
+                  'Water Heater Water Volume Flow Rate',
+                  'Water Use Connections Hot Water Temperature']
+
+    # Create new output variable objects
+    ovars = []
+    ovar_names.each do |nm|
+      ovars << OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new(nm, model)
+    end
+
+    # add temperate schedule outputs - clean up and put names into array, then loop over setting key values
+    v = OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new('Schedule Value', model)
+    v.setKeyValue(sched.name.to_s)
+    ovars << v
+
+    v = OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new('Schedule Value', model)
+    v.setKeyValue(tank_sched.name.to_s)
+    ovars << v
+
+    if type != 'Simplified'
+      v = OpenStudio::Model::OutputVariable.new('Schedule Value', model)
+      v.setKeyValue(tank_sched.name.to_s)
+      ovars << v
+    end
+
+    # Set variable reporting frequency for newly created output variables
+    ovars.each do |var|
+      var.setReportingFrequency('TimeStep')
+    end
+
+    # Register info re: output variables:
+    runner.registerInfo("#{ovars.size} output variables were added to the model.")
+    ## END ADD REPORTED VARIABLES --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    # Register final condition
+    hpwh_fc = model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumps.size + model.getWaterHeaterHeatPumpWrappedCondensers.size
+    tanks_fc = model.getWaterHeaterMixeds.size + model.getWaterHeaterStratifieds.size
+    if type != 'Simplified'
+      runner.registerFinalCondition("The building finshed with #{tanks_fc} water heater tank(s) and " \
+                                  "#{hpwh_fc} heat pump water heater(s).")
+    else
+      runner.registerFinalCondition("The building finished with #{tanks_fc - whtrs.size} water heater tank(s) " \
+                                  "and #{whtrs.size} heat pump water heater(s).")
+    end
+
+    true
+  end
+end
+
+# register the measure to be used by the application
+AddHpwh.new.registerWithApplication