opener-tokenizer-base 1.0.0

data/core/lib/Params/Util.pm

@@ -0,0 +1,866 @@
+package Params::Util;
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Params::Util - Simple, compact and correct param-checking functions
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+  # Import some functions
+  use Params::Util qw{_SCALAR _HASH _INSTANCE};
+  
+  # If you are lazy, or need a lot of them...
+  use Params::Util ':ALL';
+  
+  sub foo {
+      my $object  = _INSTANCE(shift, 'Foo') or return undef;
+      my $image   = _SCALAR(shift)          or return undef;
+      my $options = _HASH(shift)            or return undef;
+      # etc...
+  }
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+C<Params::Util> provides a basic set of importable functions that makes
+checking parameters a hell of a lot easier
+
+While they can be (and are) used in other contexts, the main point
+behind this module is that the functions B<both> Do What You Mean,
+and Do The Right Thing, so they are most useful when you are getting
+params passed into your code from someone and/or somewhere else
+and you can't really trust the quality.
+
+Thus, C<Params::Util> is of most use at the edges of your API, where
+params and data are coming in from outside your code.
+
+The functions provided by C<Params::Util> check in the most strictly
+correct manner known, are documented as thoroughly as possible so their
+exact behaviour is clear, and heavily tested so make sure they are not
+fooled by weird data and Really Bad Things.
+
+To use, simply load the module providing the functions you want to use
+as arguments (as shown in the SYNOPSIS).
+
+To aid in maintainability, C<Params::Util> will B<never> export by
+default.
+
+You must explicitly name the functions you want to export, or use the
+C<:ALL> param to just have it export everything (although this is not
+recommended if you have any _FOO functions yourself with which future
+additions to C<Params::Util> may clash)
+
+=head1 FUNCTIONS
+
+=cut
+
+use 5.00503;
+use strict;
+require overload;
+require Exporter;
+require Scalar::Util;
+require DynaLoader;
+
+use vars qw{$VERSION @ISA @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS};
+
+$VERSION   = '1.07';
+@ISA       = qw{
+	Exporter
+	DynaLoader
+};
+@EXPORT_OK = qw{
+	_STRING     _IDENTIFIER
+	_CLASS      _CLASSISA   _SUBCLASS  _DRIVER  _CLASSDOES
+	_NUMBER     _POSINT     _NONNEGINT
+	_SCALAR     _SCALAR0
+	_ARRAY      _ARRAY0     _ARRAYLIKE
+	_HASH       _HASH0      _HASHLIKE
+	_CODE       _CODELIKE
+	_INVOCANT   _REGEX      _INSTANCE  _INSTANCEDOES
+	_SET        _SET0
+	_HANDLE
+};
+%EXPORT_TAGS = ( ALL => \@EXPORT_OK );
+
+eval {
+	local $ENV{PERL_DL_NONLAZY} = 0 if $ENV{PERL_DL_NONLAZY};
+	bootstrap Params::Util $VERSION;
+	1;
+} unless $ENV{PERL_PARAMS_UTIL_PP};
+
+# Use a private pure-perl copy of looks_like_number if the version of
+# Scalar::Util is old (for whatever reason).
+my $SU = eval "$Scalar::Util::VERSION" || 0;
+if ( $SU >= 1.18 ) { 
+	Scalar::Util->import('looks_like_number');
+} else {
+	eval <<'END_PERL';
+sub looks_like_number {
+	local $_ = shift;
+
+	# checks from perlfaq4
+	return 0 if !defined($_);
+	if (ref($_)) {
+		return overload::Overloaded($_) ? defined(0 + $_) : 0;
+	}
+	return 1 if (/^[+-]?[0-9]+$/); # is a +/- integer
+	return 1 if (/^([+-]?)(?=[0-9]|\.[0-9])[0-9]*(\.[0-9]*)?([Ee]([+-]?[0-9]+))?$/); # a C float
+	return 1 if ($] >= 5.008 and /^(Inf(inity)?|NaN)$/i) or ($] >= 5.006001 and /^Inf$/i);
+
+	0;
+}
+END_PERL
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+#####################################################################
+# Param Checking Functions
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _STRING $string
+
+The C<_STRING> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a normal non-false string of non-zero length.
+
+Note that this will NOT do anything magic to deal with the special
+C<'0'> false negative case, but will return it.
+
+  # '0' not considered valid data
+  my $name = _STRING(shift) or die "Bad name";
+  
+  # '0' is considered valid data
+  my $string = _STRING($_[0]) ? shift : die "Bad string";
+
+Please also note that this function expects a normal string. It does
+not support overloading or other magic techniques to get a string.
+
+Returns the string as a conveince if it is a valid string, or
+C<undef> if not.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_STRING;
+sub _STRING ($) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and length($_[0])) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _IDENTIFIER $string
+
+The C<_IDENTIFIER> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a string that is a valid Perl identifier.
+
+Returns the string as a convenience if it is a valid identifier, or
+C<undef> if not.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_IDENTIFIER;
+sub _IDENTIFIER ($) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and $_[0] =~ m/^[^\W\d]\w*\z/s) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _CLASS $string
+
+The C<_CLASS> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a string that is a valid Perl class.
+
+This function only checks that the format is valid, not that the
+class is actually loaded. It also assumes "normalised" form, and does
+not accept class names such as C<::Foo> or C<D'Oh>.
+
+Returns the string as a convenience if it is a valid class name, or
+C<undef> if not.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_CLASS;
+sub _CLASS ($) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and $_[0] =~ m/^[^\W\d]\w*(?:::\w+)*\z/s) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _CLASSISA $string, $class
+
+The C<_CLASSISA> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a string that is a particularly class, or a subclass of it.
+
+This function checks that the format is valid and calls the -E<gt>isa
+method on the class name. It does not check that the class is actually
+loaded.
+
+It also assumes "normalised" form, and does
+not accept class names such as C<::Foo> or C<D'Oh>.
+
+Returns the string as a convenience if it is a valid class name, or
+C<undef> if not.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_CLASSISA;
+sub _CLASSISA ($$) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and $_[0] =~ m/^[^\W\d]\w*(?:::\w+)*\z/s and $_[0]->isa($_[1])) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=head2 _CLASSDOES $string, $role
+
+This routine behaves exactly like C<L</_CLASSISA>>, but checks with C<< ->DOES
+>> rather than C<< ->isa >>.  This is probably only a good idea to use on Perl
+5.10 or later, when L<UNIVERSAL::DOES|UNIVERSAL::DOES/DOES> has been
+implemented.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_CLASSDOES;
+sub _CLASSDOES ($$) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and $_[0] =~ m/^[^\W\d]\w*(?:::\w+)*\z/s and $_[0]->DOES($_[1])) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _SUBCLASS $string, $class
+
+The C<_SUBCLASS> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a string that is a subclass of a specified class.
+
+This function checks that the format is valid and calls the -E<gt>isa
+method on the class name. It does not check that the class is actually
+loaded.
+
+It also assumes "normalised" form, and does
+not accept class names such as C<::Foo> or C<D'Oh>.
+
+Returns the string as a convenience if it is a valid class name, or
+C<undef> if not.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_SUBCLASS;
+sub _SUBCLASS ($$) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and $_[0] =~ m/^[^\W\d]\w*(?:::\w+)*\z/s and $_[0] ne $_[1] and $_[0]->isa($_[1])) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _NUMBER $scalar
+
+The C<_NUMBER> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a number. That is, it is defined and perl thinks it's a number.
+
+This function is basically a Params::Util-style wrapper around the
+L<Scalar::Util> C<looks_like_number> function.
+
+Returns the value as a convience, or C<undef> if the value is not a
+number.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_NUMBER;
+sub _NUMBER ($) {
+	( defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and looks_like_number($_[0]) )
+	? $_[0]
+	: undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _POSINT $integer
+
+The C<_POSINT> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a positive integer (of any length).
+
+Returns the value as a convience, or C<undef> if the value is not a
+positive integer.
+
+The name itself is derived from the XML schema constraint of the same
+name.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_POSINT;
+sub _POSINT ($) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and $_[0] =~ m/^[1-9]\d*$/) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _NONNEGINT $integer
+
+The C<_NONNEGINT> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to test to see if a value is
+a non-negative integer (of any length). That is, a positive integer,
+or zero.
+
+Returns the value as a convience, or C<undef> if the value is not a
+non-negative integer.
+
+As with other tests that may return false values, care should be taken
+to test via "defined" in boolean validy contexts.
+
+  unless ( defined _NONNEGINT($value) ) {
+     die "Invalid value";
+  }
+
+The name itself is derived from the XML schema constraint of the same
+name.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_NONNEGINT;
+sub _NONNEGINT ($) {
+	(defined $_[0] and ! ref $_[0] and $_[0] =~ m/^(?:0|[1-9]\d*)$/) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _SCALAR \$scalar
+
+The C<_SCALAR> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a raw and unblessed
+C<SCALAR> reference, with content of non-zero length.
+
+For a version that allows zero length C<SCALAR> references, see
+the C<_SCALAR0> function.
+
+Returns the C<SCALAR> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef>
+if the value provided is not a C<SCALAR> reference.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_SCALAR;
+sub _SCALAR ($) {
+	(ref $_[0] eq 'SCALAR' and defined ${$_[0]} and ${$_[0]} ne '') ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _SCALAR0 \$scalar
+
+The C<_SCALAR0> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a raw and unblessed
+C<SCALAR0> reference, allowing content of zero-length.
+
+For a simpler "give me some content" version that requires non-zero
+length, C<_SCALAR> function.
+
+Returns the C<SCALAR> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef>
+if the value provided is not a C<SCALAR> reference.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_SCALAR0;
+sub _SCALAR0 ($) {
+	ref $_[0] eq 'SCALAR' ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _ARRAY $value
+
+The C<_ARRAY> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a raw and unblessed
+C<ARRAY> reference containing B<at least> one element of any kind.
+
+For a more basic form that allows zero length ARRAY references, see
+the C<_ARRAY0> function.
+
+Returns the C<ARRAY> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef>
+if the value provided is not an C<ARRAY> reference.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_ARRAY;
+sub _ARRAY ($) {
+	(ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' and @{$_[0]}) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _ARRAY0 $value
+
+The C<_ARRAY0> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a raw and unblessed
+C<ARRAY> reference, allowing C<ARRAY> references that contain no
+elements.
+
+For a more basic "An array of something" form that also requires at
+least one element, see the C<_ARRAY> function.
+
+Returns the C<ARRAY> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef>
+if the value provided is not an C<ARRAY> reference.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_ARRAY0;
+sub _ARRAY0 ($) {
+	ref $_[0] eq 'ARRAY' ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _ARRAYLIKE $value
+
+The C<_ARRAYLIKE> function tests whether a given scalar value can respond to
+array dereferencing.  If it can, the value is returned.  If it cannot,
+C<_ARRAYLIKE> returns C<undef>.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_ARRAYLIKE;
+sub _ARRAYLIKE {
+	(defined $_[0] and ref $_[0] and (
+		(Scalar::Util::reftype($_[0]) eq 'ARRAY')
+		or
+		overload::Method($_[0], '@{}')
+	)) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _HASH $value
+
+The C<_HASH> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a raw and unblessed
+C<HASH> reference with at least one entry.
+
+For a version of this function that allows the C<HASH> to be empty,
+see the C<_HASH0> function.
+
+Returns the C<HASH> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef>
+if the value provided is not an C<HASH> reference.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_HASH;
+sub _HASH ($) {
+	(ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' and scalar %{$_[0]}) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _HASH0 $value
+
+The C<_HASH0> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a raw and unblessed
+C<HASH> reference, regardless of the C<HASH> content.
+
+For a simpler "A hash of something" version that requires at least one
+element, see the C<_HASH> function.
+
+Returns the C<HASH> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef>
+if the value provided is not an C<HASH> reference.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_HASH0;
+sub _HASH0 ($) {
+	ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _HASHLIKE $value
+
+The C<_HASHLIKE> function tests whether a given scalar value can respond to
+hash dereferencing.  If it can, the value is returned.  If it cannot,
+C<_HASHLIKE> returns C<undef>.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_HASHLIKE;
+sub _HASHLIKE {
+	(defined $_[0] and ref $_[0] and (
+		(Scalar::Util::reftype($_[0]) eq 'HASH')
+		or
+		overload::Method($_[0], '%{}')
+	)) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _CODE $value
+
+The C<_CODE> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a raw and unblessed
+C<CODE> reference.
+
+Returns the C<CODE> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef>
+if the value provided is not an C<CODE> reference.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_CODE;
+sub _CODE ($) {
+	ref $_[0] eq 'CODE' ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _CODELIKE $value
+
+The C<_CODELIKE> is the more generic version of C<_CODE>. Unlike C<_CODE>,
+which checks for an explicit C<CODE> reference, the C<_CODELIKE> function
+also includes things that act like them, such as blessed objects that
+overload C<'&{}'>.
+
+Please note that in the case of objects overloaded with '&{}', you will
+almost always end up also testing it in 'bool' context at some stage.
+
+For example:
+
+  sub foo {
+      my $code1 = _CODELIKE(shift) or die "No code param provided";
+      my $code2 = _CODELIKE(shift);
+      if ( $code2 ) {
+           print "Got optional second code param";
+      }
+  }
+
+As such, you will most likely always want to make sure your class has
+at least the following to allow it to evaluate to true in boolean
+context.
+
+  # Always evaluate to true in boolean context
+  use overload 'bool' => sub () { 1 };
+
+Returns the callable value as a convenience, or C<undef> if the
+value provided is not callable.
+
+Note - This function was formerly known as _CALLABLE but has been renamed
+for greater symmetry with the other _XXXXLIKE functions.
+
+The use of _CALLABLE has been deprecated. It will continue to work, but
+with a warning, until end-2006, then will be removed.
+
+I apologise for any inconvenience caused.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_CODELIKE;
+sub _CODELIKE($) {
+	(
+		(Scalar::Util::reftype($_[0])||'') eq 'CODE'
+		or
+		Scalar::Util::blessed($_[0]) and overload::Method($_[0],'&{}')
+	)
+	? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _INVOCANT $value
+
+This routine tests whether the given value is a valid method invocant.
+This can be either an instance of an object, or a class name.
+
+If so, the value itself is returned.  Otherwise, C<_INVOCANT>
+returns C<undef>.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_INVOCANT;
+sub _INVOCANT($) {
+	(defined $_[0] and
+		(defined Scalar::Util::blessed($_[0])
+		or      
+		# We used to check for stash definedness, but any class-like name is a
+		# valid invocant for UNIVERSAL methods, so we stopped. -- rjbs, 2006-07-02
+		Params::Util::_CLASS($_[0]))
+	) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _INSTANCE $object, $class
+
+The C<_INSTANCE> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for an object of a particular class
+in a strictly correct manner.
+
+Returns the object itself as a convenience, or C<undef> if the value
+provided is not an object of that type.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_INSTANCE;
+sub _INSTANCE ($$) {
+	(Scalar::Util::blessed($_[0]) and $_[0]->isa($_[1])) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=head2 _INSTANCEDOES $object, $role
+
+This routine behaves exactly like C<L</_INSTANCE>>, but checks with C<< ->DOES
+>> rather than C<< ->isa >>.  This is probably only a good idea to use on Perl
+5.10 or later, when L<UNIVERSAL::DOES|UNIVERSAL::DOES/DOES> has been
+implemented.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_INSTANCEDOES;
+sub _INSTANCEDOES ($$) {
+	(Scalar::Util::blessed($_[0]) and $_[0]->DOES($_[1])) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _REGEX $value
+
+The C<_REGEX> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a regular expression.
+
+Returns the value itself as a convenience, or C<undef> if the value
+provided is not a regular expression.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_REGEX;
+sub _REGEX ($) {
+	(defined $_[0] and 'Regexp' eq ref($_[0])) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _SET \@array, $class
+
+The C<_SET> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for set of at least one object of
+a particular class in a strictly correct manner.
+
+The set is provided as a reference to an C<ARRAY> of objects of the
+class provided.
+
+For an alternative function that allows zero-length sets, see the
+C<_SET0> function.
+
+Returns the C<ARRAY> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef> if
+the value provided is not a set of that class.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_SET;
+sub _SET ($$) {
+	my $set = shift;
+	_ARRAY($set) or return undef;
+	foreach my $item ( @$set ) {
+		_INSTANCE($item,$_[0]) or return undef;
+	}
+	$set;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _SET0 \@array, $class
+
+The C<_SET0> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test for a set of objects of a
+particular class in a strictly correct manner, allowing for zero objects.
+
+The set is provided as a reference to an C<ARRAY> of objects of the
+class provided.
+
+For an alternative function that requires at least one object, see the
+C<_SET> function.
+
+Returns the C<ARRAY> reference itself as a convenience, or C<undef> if
+the value provided is not a set of that class.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_SET0;
+sub _SET0 ($$) {
+	my $set = shift;
+	_ARRAY0($set) or return undef;
+	foreach my $item ( @$set ) {
+		_INSTANCE($item,$_[0]) or return undef;
+	}
+	$set;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _HANDLE
+
+The C<_HANDLE> function is intended to be imported into your package,
+and provides a convenient way to test whether or not a single scalar
+value is a file handle.
+
+Unfortunately, in Perl the definition of a file handle can be a little
+bit fuzzy, so this function is likely to be somewhat imperfect (at first
+anyway).
+
+That said, it is implement as well or better than the other file handle
+detectors in existance (and we stole from the best of them).
+
+=cut
+
+# We're doing this longhand for now. Once everything is perfect,
+# we'll compress this into something that compiles more efficiently.
+# Further, testing file handles is not something that is generally
+# done millions of times, so doing it slowly is not a big speed hit.
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_HANDLE;
+sub _HANDLE {
+	my $it = shift;
+
+	# It has to be defined, of course
+	unless ( defined $it ) {
+		return undef;
+	}
+
+	# Normal globs are considered to be file handles
+	if ( ref $it eq 'GLOB' ) {
+		return $it;
+	}
+
+	# Check for a normal tied filehandle
+	# Side Note: 5.5.4's tied() and can() doesn't like getting undef
+	if ( tied($it) and tied($it)->can('TIEHANDLE') ) {
+		return $it;
+	}
+
+	# There are no other non-object handles that we support
+	unless ( Scalar::Util::blessed($it) ) {
+		return undef;
+	}
+
+	# Check for a common base classes for conventional IO::Handle object
+	if ( $it->isa('IO::Handle') ) {
+		return $it;
+	}
+
+
+	# Check for tied file handles using Tie::Handle
+	if ( $it->isa('Tie::Handle') ) {
+		return $it;
+	}
+
+	# IO::Scalar is not a proper seekable, but it is valid is a
+	# regular file handle
+	if ( $it->isa('IO::Scalar') ) {
+		return $it;
+	}
+
+	# Yet another special case for IO::String, which refuses (for now
+	# anyway) to become a subclass of IO::Handle.
+	if ( $it->isa('IO::String') ) {
+		return $it;
+	}
+
+	# This is not any sort of object we know about
+	return undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+=pod
+
+=head2 _DRIVER $string
+
+  sub foo {
+    my $class = _DRIVER(shift, 'My::Driver::Base') or die "Bad driver";
+    ...
+  }
+
+The C<_DRIVER> function is intended to be imported into your
+package, and provides a convenient way to load and validate
+a driver class.
+
+The most common pattern when taking a driver class as a parameter
+is to check that the name is a class (i.e. check against _CLASS)
+and then to load the class (if it exists) and then ensure that
+the class returns true for the isa method on some base driver name.
+
+Return the value as a convenience, or C<undef> if the value is not
+a class name, the module does not exist, the module does not load,
+or the class fails the isa test.
+
+=cut
+
+eval <<'END_PERL' unless defined &_DRIVER;
+sub _DRIVER ($$) {
+	(defined _CLASS($_[0]) and eval "require $_[0];" and ! $@ and $_[0]->isa($_[1]) and $_[0] ne $_[1]) ? $_[0] : undef;
+}
+END_PERL
+
+1;
+
+=pod
+
+=head1 TO DO
+
+- Add _CAN to help resolve the UNIVERSAL::can debacle
+
+- Would be even nicer if someone would demonstrate how the hell to
+build a Module::Install dist of the ::Util dual Perl/XS type. :/
+
+- Implement an assertion-like version of this module, that dies on
+error.
+
+- Implement a Test:: version of this module, for use in testing
+
+=head1 SUPPORT
+
+Bugs should be reported via the CPAN bug tracker at
+
+L<http://rt.cpan.org/NoAuth/ReportBug.html?Queue=Params-Util>
+
+For other issues, contact the author.
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Adam Kennedy E<lt>adamk@cpan.orgE<gt>
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<Params::Validate>
+
+=head1 COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright 2005 - 2012 Adam Kennedy.
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute
+it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
+
+The full text of the license can be found in the
+LICENSE file included with this module.
+
+=cut