nullifyable 0.1.0

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activemodel-5.2.2/lib/active_model/validations/with.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_support/core_ext/array/extract_options"
+
+module ActiveModel
+  module Validations
+    class WithValidator < EachValidator # :nodoc:
+      def validate_each(record, attr, val)
+        method_name = options[:with]
+
+        if record.method(method_name).arity == 0
+          record.send method_name
+        else
+          record.send method_name, attr
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    module ClassMethods
+      # Passes the record off to the class or classes specified and allows them
+      # to add errors based on more complex conditions.
+      #
+      #   class Person
+      #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+      #     validates_with MyValidator
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   class MyValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
+      #     def validate(record)
+      #       if some_complex_logic
+      #         record.errors.add :base, 'This record is invalid'
+      #       end
+      #     end
+      #
+      #     private
+      #       def some_complex_logic
+      #         # ...
+      #       end
+      #   end
+      #
+      # You may also pass it multiple classes, like so:
+      #
+      #   class Person
+      #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+      #     validates_with MyValidator, MyOtherValidator, on: :create
+      #   end
+      #
+      # Configuration options:
+      # * <tt>:on</tt> - Specifies the contexts where this validation is active.
+      #   Runs in all validation contexts by default +nil+. You can pass a symbol
+      #   or an array of symbols. (e.g. <tt>on: :create</tt> or
+      #   <tt>on: :custom_validation_context</tt> or
+      #   <tt>on: [:create, :custom_validation_context]</tt>)
+      # * <tt>:if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine
+      #   if the validation should occur (e.g. <tt>if: :allow_validation</tt>,
+      #   or <tt>if: Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }</tt>).
+      #   The method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a +true+ or
+      #   +false+ value.
+      # * <tt>:unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to
+      #   determine if the validation should not occur
+      #   (e.g. <tt>unless: :skip_validation</tt>, or
+      #   <tt>unless: Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }</tt>).
+      #   The method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a +true+ or
+      #   +false+ value.
+      # * <tt>:strict</tt> - Specifies whether validation should be strict.
+      #   See <tt>ActiveModel::Validations#validates!</tt> for more information.
+      #
+      # If you pass any additional configuration options, they will be passed
+      # to the class and available as +options+:
+      #
+      #   class Person
+      #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+      #     validates_with MyValidator, my_custom_key: 'my custom value'
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   class MyValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
+      #     def validate(record)
+      #       options[:my_custom_key] # => "my custom value"
+      #     end
+      #   end
+      def validates_with(*args, &block)
+        options = args.extract_options!
+        options[:class] = self
+
+        args.each do |klass|
+          validator = klass.new(options, &block)
+
+          if validator.respond_to?(:attributes) && !validator.attributes.empty?
+            validator.attributes.each do |attribute|
+              _validators[attribute.to_sym] << validator
+            end
+          else
+            _validators[nil] << validator
+          end
+
+          validate(validator, options)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Passes the record off to the class or classes specified and allows them
+    # to add errors based on more complex conditions.
+    #
+    #   class Person
+    #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+    #
+    #     validate :instance_validations
+    #
+    #     def instance_validations
+    #       validates_with MyValidator
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Please consult the class method documentation for more information on
+    # creating your own validator.
+    #
+    # You may also pass it multiple classes, like so:
+    #
+    #   class Person
+    #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+    #
+    #     validate :instance_validations, on: :create
+    #
+    #     def instance_validations
+    #       validates_with MyValidator, MyOtherValidator
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Standard configuration options (<tt>:on</tt>, <tt>:if</tt> and
+    # <tt>:unless</tt>), which are available on the class version of
+    # +validates_with+, should instead be placed on the +validates+ method
+    # as these are applied and tested in the callback.
+    #
+    # If you pass any additional configuration options, they will be passed
+    # to the class and available as +options+, please refer to the
+    # class version of this method for more information.
+    def validates_with(*args, &block)
+      options = args.extract_options!
+      options[:class] = self.class
+
+      args.each do |klass|
+        validator = klass.new(options, &block)
+        validator.validate(self)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activemodel-5.2.2/lib/active_model/validator.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require "active_support/core_ext/module/anonymous"
+
+module ActiveModel
+  # == Active \Model \Validator
+  #
+  # A simple base class that can be used along with
+  # ActiveModel::Validations::ClassMethods.validates_with
+  #
+  #   class Person
+  #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+  #     validates_with MyValidator
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   class MyValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
+  #     def validate(record)
+  #       if some_complex_logic
+  #         record.errors.add(:base, "This record is invalid")
+  #       end
+  #     end
+  #
+  #     private
+  #       def some_complex_logic
+  #         # ...
+  #       end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Any class that inherits from ActiveModel::Validator must implement a method
+  # called +validate+ which accepts a +record+.
+  #
+  #   class Person
+  #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+  #     validates_with MyValidator
+  #   end
+  #
+  #   class MyValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
+  #     def validate(record)
+  #       record # => The person instance being validated
+  #       options # => Any non-standard options passed to validates_with
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # To cause a validation error, you must add to the +record+'s errors directly
+  # from within the validators message.
+  #
+  #   class MyValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
+  #     def validate(record)
+  #       record.errors.add :base, "This is some custom error message"
+  #       record.errors.add :first_name, "This is some complex validation"
+  #       # etc...
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # To add behavior to the initialize method, use the following signature:
+  #
+  #   class MyValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
+  #     def initialize(options)
+  #       super
+  #       @my_custom_field = options[:field_name] || :first_name
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # Note that the validator is initialized only once for the whole application
+  # life cycle, and not on each validation run.
+  #
+  # The easiest way to add custom validators for validating individual attributes
+  # is with the convenient <tt>ActiveModel::EachValidator</tt>.
+  #
+  #   class TitleValidator < ActiveModel::EachValidator
+  #     def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
+  #       record.errors.add attribute, 'must be Mr., Mrs., or Dr.' unless %w(Mr. Mrs. Dr.).include?(value)
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  #
+  # This can now be used in combination with the +validates+ method
+  # (see <tt>ActiveModel::Validations::ClassMethods.validates</tt> for more on this).
+  #
+  #   class Person
+  #     include ActiveModel::Validations
+  #     attr_accessor :title
+  #
+  #     validates :title, presence: true, title: true
+  #   end
+  #
+  # It can be useful to access the class that is using that validator when there are prerequisites such
+  # as an +attr_accessor+ being present. This class is accessible via <tt>options[:class]</tt> in the constructor.
+  # To setup your validator override the constructor.
+  #
+  #   class MyValidator < ActiveModel::Validator
+  #     def initialize(options={})
+  #       super
+  #       options[:class].send :attr_accessor, :custom_attribute
+  #     end
+  #   end
+  class Validator
+    attr_reader :options
+
+    # Returns the kind of the validator.
+    #
+    #   PresenceValidator.kind   # => :presence
+    #   AcceptanceValidator.kind # => :acceptance
+    def self.kind
+      @kind ||= name.split("::").last.underscore.chomp("_validator").to_sym unless anonymous?
+    end
+
+    # Accepts options that will be made available through the +options+ reader.
+    def initialize(options = {})
+      @options = options.except(:class).freeze
+    end
+
+    # Returns the kind for this validator.
+    #
+    #   PresenceValidator.new(attributes: [:username]).kind # => :presence
+    #   AcceptanceValidator.new(attributes: [:terms]).kind  # => :acceptance
+    def kind
+      self.class.kind
+    end
+
+    # Override this method in subclasses with validation logic, adding errors
+    # to the records +errors+ array where necessary.
+    def validate(record)
+      raise NotImplementedError, "Subclasses must implement a validate(record) method."
+    end
+  end
+
+  # +EachValidator+ is a validator which iterates through the attributes given
+  # in the options hash invoking the <tt>validate_each</tt> method passing in the
+  # record, attribute and value.
+  #
+  # All \Active \Model validations are built on top of this validator.
+  class EachValidator < Validator #:nodoc:
+    attr_reader :attributes
+
+    # Returns a new validator instance. All options will be available via the
+    # +options+ reader, however the <tt>:attributes</tt> option will be removed
+    # and instead be made available through the +attributes+ reader.
+    def initialize(options)
+      @attributes = Array(options.delete(:attributes))
+      raise ArgumentError, ":attributes cannot be blank" if @attributes.empty?
+      super
+      check_validity!
+    end
+
+    # Performs validation on the supplied record. By default this will call
+    # +validate_each+ to determine validity therefore subclasses should
+    # override +validate_each+ with validation logic.
+    def validate(record)
+      attributes.each do |attribute|
+        value = record.read_attribute_for_validation(attribute)
+        next if (value.nil? && options[:allow_nil]) || (value.blank? && options[:allow_blank])
+        validate_each(record, attribute, value)
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Override this method in subclasses with the validation logic, adding
+    # errors to the records +errors+ array where necessary.
+    def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
+      raise NotImplementedError, "Subclasses must implement a validate_each(record, attribute, value) method"
+    end
+
+    # Hook method that gets called by the initializer allowing verification
+    # that the arguments supplied are valid. You could for example raise an
+    # +ArgumentError+ when invalid options are supplied.
+    def check_validity!
+    end
+  end
+
+  # +BlockValidator+ is a special +EachValidator+ which receives a block on initialization
+  # and call this block for each attribute being validated. +validates_each+ uses this validator.
+  class BlockValidator < EachValidator #:nodoc:
+    def initialize(options, &block)
+      @block = block
+      super
+    end
+
+    private
+
+      def validate_each(record, attribute, value)
+        @block.call(record, attribute, value)
+      end
+  end
+end

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activemodel-5.2.2/lib/active_model/version.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require_relative "gem_version"
+
+module ActiveModel
+  # Returns the version of the currently loaded \Active \Model as a <tt>Gem::Version</tt>
+  def self.version
+    gem_version
+  end
+end

data/vendor/bundle/gems/activerecord-5.2.2/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,895 @@
+## Rails 5.2.2 (December 04, 2018) ##
+
+*   Do not ignore the scoping with query methods in the scope block.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Allow aliased attributes to be used in `#update_columns` and `#update`.
+
+    *Gannon McGibbon*
+
+*   Allow spaces in postgres table names.
+
+    Fixes issue where "user post" is misinterpreted as "\"user\".\"post\"" when quoting table names with the postgres
+    adapter.
+
+    *Gannon McGibbon*
+
+*   Cached columns_hash fields should be excluded from ResultSet#column_types
+
+    PR #34528 addresses the inconsistent behaviour when attribute is defined for an ignored column. The following test
+    was passing for SQLite and MySQL, but failed for PostgreSQL:
+
+    ```ruby
+    class DeveloperName < ActiveRecord::Type::String
+      def deserialize(value)
+        "Developer: #{value}"
+      end
+    end
+
+    class AttributedDeveloper < ActiveRecord::Base
+      self.table_name = "developers"
+
+      attribute :name, DeveloperName.new
+
+      self.ignored_columns += ["name"]
+    end
+
+    developer = AttributedDeveloper.create
+    developer.update_column :name, "name"
+
+    loaded_developer = AttributedDeveloper.where(id: developer.id).select("*").first
+    puts loaded_developer.name # should be "Developer: name" but it's just "name"
+    ```
+
+    *Dmitry Tsepelev*
+
+*   Values of enum are frozen, raising an error when attempting to modify them.
+
+    *Emmanuel Byrd*
+
+*   `update_columns` now correctly raises `ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError`
+    if the attribute does not exist.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
+
+*   Do not use prepared statement in queries that have a large number of binds.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix query cache to load before first request.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+
+*   Fix collection cache key with limit and custom select to avoid ambiguous timestamp column error.
+
+    Fixes #33056.
+
+    *Federico Martinez*
+
+*   Fix duplicated record creation when using nested attributes with `create_with`.
+
+    *Darwin Wu*
+
+*   Fix regression setting children record in parent `before_save` callback.
+
+    *Guo Xiang Tan*
+
+*   Prevent leaking of user's DB credentials on `rails db:create` failure.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Clear mutation tracker before continuing the around callbacks.
+
+    *Yuya Tanaka*
+
+*   Prevent deadlocks when waiting for connection from pool.
+
+    *Brent Wheeldon*
+
+*   Avoid extra scoping when using `Relation#update` that was causing this method to change the current scope.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix numericality validator not to be affected by custom getter.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix bulk change table ignores comment option on PostgreSQL.
+
+    *Yoshiyuki Kinjo*
+
+
+## Rails 5.2.1.1 (November 27, 2018) ##
+
+*   No changes.
+
+
+## Rails 5.2.1 (August 07, 2018) ##
+
+*   PostgreSQL: Support new relkind for partitioned tables.
+
+    Fixes #33008.
+
+    *Yannick Schutz*
+
+*   Rollback parent transaction when children fails to update.
+
+    *Guillaume Malette*
+
+*   Fix default value for MySQL time types with specified precision.
+
+    *Nikolay Kondratyev*
+
+*   Fix `touch` option to behave consistently with `Persistence#touch` method.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix `save` in `after_create_commit` won't invoke extra `after_create_commit`.
+
+    Fixes #32831.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix logic on disabling commit callbacks so they are not called unexpectedly when errors occur.
+
+    *Brian Durand*
+
+*   Fix parent record should not get saved with duplicate children records.
+
+    Fixes #32940.
+
+    *Santosh Wadghule*
+
+*   Fix that association's after_touch is not called with counter cache.
+
+    Fixes #31559.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   `becomes` should clear the mutation tracker which is created in `after_initialize`.
+
+    Fixes #32867.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Allow a belonging to parent object to be created from a new record.
+
+    *Jolyon Pawlyn*
+
+*   Fix that building record with assigning multiple has_one associations
+    wrongly persists through record.
+
+    Fixes #32511.
+
+    *Sam DeCesare*
+
+*   Fix relation merging when one of the relations is going to skip the
+    query cache.
+
+    *James Williams*
+
+
+## Rails 5.2.0 (April 09, 2018) ##
+
+*   MySQL: Support mysql2 0.5.x.
+
+    *Aaron Stone*
+
+*   Apply time column precision on assignment.
+
+    PR #20317 changed the behavior of datetime columns so that when they
+    have a specified precision then on assignment the value is rounded to
+    that precision. This behavior is now applied to time columns as well.
+
+    Fixes #30301.
+
+    *Andrew White*
+
+*   Normalize time column values for SQLite database.
+
+    For legacy reasons, time columns in SQLite are stored as full datetimes
+    because until #24542 the quoting for time columns didn't remove the date
+    component. To ensure that values are consistent we now normalize the
+    date component to 2001-01-01 on reading and writing.
+
+    *Andrew White*
+
+*   Ensure that the date component is removed when quoting times.
+
+    PR #24542 altered the quoting for time columns so that the date component
+    was removed however it only removed it when it was 2001-01-01. Now the
+    date component is removed irrespective of what the date is.
+
+    *Andrew White*
+
+*   Fix `dependent: :destroy` issue for has_one/belongs_to relationship where
+    the parent class was getting deleted when the child was not.
+
+    Fixes #32022.
+
+    *Fernando Gorodscy*
+
+*   Whitelist `NULLS FIRST` and `NULLS LAST` in order clauses too.
+
+    *Xavier Noria*
+
+*   Fix that after commit callbacks on update does not triggered when optimistic locking is enabled.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix `#columns_for_distinct` of MySQL and PostgreSQL to make
+    `ActiveRecord::FinderMethods#limited_ids_for` use correct primary key values
+    even if `ORDER BY` columns include other table's primary key.
+
+    Fixes #28364.
+
+    *Takumi Kagiyama*
+
+*   Make `reflection.klass` raise if `polymorphic?` not to be misused.
+
+    Fixes #31876.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   PostgreSQL: Allow pg-1.0 gem to be used with Active Record.
+
+    *Lars Kanis*
+
+*   Deprecate `expand_hash_conditions_for_aggregates` without replacement.
+    Using a `Relation` for performing queries is the prefered API.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix not expanded problem when passing an Array object as argument to the where method using `composed_of` column.
+
+    ```
+    david_balance = customers(:david).balance
+    Customer.where(balance: [david_balance]).to_sql
+
+    # Before: WHERE `customers`.`balance` = NULL
+    # After : WHERE `customers`.`balance` = 50
+    ```
+
+    Fixes #31723.
+
+    *Yutaro Kanagawa*
+
+*   Fix `count(:all)` with eager loading and having an order other than the driving table.
+
+    Fixes #31783.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Clear the transaction state when an Active Record object is duped.
+
+    Fixes #31670.
+
+    *Yuriy Ustushenko*
+
+*   Support for PostgreSQL foreign tables.
+
+    *fatkodima*
+
+*   Fix relation merger issue with `left_outer_joins`.
+
+    *Mehmet Emin İNAÇ*
+
+*   Don't allow destroyed object mutation after `save` or `save!` is called.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Take into account association conditions when deleting through records.
+
+    Fixes #18424.
+
+    *Piotr Jakubowski*
+
+*   Fix nested `has_many :through` associations on unpersisted parent instances.
+
+    For example, if you have
+
+        class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
+          belongs_to :author
+          has_many :books, through: :author
+          has_many :subscriptions, through: :books
+        end
+
+        class Author < ActiveRecord::Base
+          has_one :post
+          has_many :books
+          has_many :subscriptions, through: :books
+        end
+
+        class Book < ActiveRecord::Base
+          belongs_to :author
+          has_many :subscriptions
+        end
+
+        class Subscription < ActiveRecord::Base
+          belongs_to :book
+        end
+
+    Before:
+
+    If `post` is not persisted, then `post.subscriptions` will be empty.
+
+    After:
+
+    If `post` is not persisted, then `post.subscriptions` can be set and used
+    just like it would if `post` were persisted.
+
+    Fixes #16313.
+
+    *Zoltan Kiss*
+
+*   Fixed inconsistency with `first(n)` when used with `limit()`.
+    The `first(n)` finder now respects the `limit()`, making it consistent
+    with `relation.to_a.first(n)`, and also with the behavior of `last(n)`.
+
+    Fixes #23979.
+
+    *Brian Christian*
+
+*   Use `count(:all)` in `HasManyAssociation#count_records` to prevent invalid
+    SQL queries for association counting.
+
+    *Klas Eskilson*
+
+*   Fix to invoke callbacks when using `update_attribute`.
+
+    *Mike Busch*
+
+*   Fix `count(:all)` to correctly work `distinct` with custom SELECT list.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Using subselect for `delete_all` with `limit` or `offset`.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Undefine attribute methods on descendants when resetting column
+    information.
+
+    *Chris Salzberg*
+
+*   Log database query callers.
+
+    Add `verbose_query_logs` configuration option to display the caller
+    of database queries in the log to facilitate N+1 query resolution
+    and other debugging.
+
+    Enabled in development only for new and upgraded applications. Not
+    recommended for use in the production environment since it relies
+    on Ruby's `Kernel#caller_locations` which is fairly slow.
+
+    *Olivier Lacan*
+
+*   Fix conflicts `counter_cache` with `touch: true` by optimistic locking.
+
+    ```
+    # create_table :posts do |t|
+    #   t.integer :comments_count, default: 0
+    #   t.integer :lock_version
+    #   t.timestamps
+    # end
+    class Post < ApplicationRecord
+    end
+
+    # create_table :comments do |t|
+    #   t.belongs_to :post
+    # end
+    class Comment < ApplicationRecord
+      belongs_to :post, touch: true, counter_cache: true
+    end
+    ```
+
+    Before:
+    ```
+    post = Post.create!
+    # => begin transaction
+         INSERT INTO "posts" ("created_at", "updated_at", "lock_version")
+         VALUES ("2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", "2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", 0)
+         commit transaction
+
+    comment = Comment.create!(post: post)
+    # => begin transaction
+         INSERT INTO "comments" ("post_id") VALUES (1)
+
+         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) + 1,
+         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
+
+         UPDATE "posts" SET "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:27:11.398330',
+         "lock_version" = 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1 AND "posts"."lock_version" = 0
+         rollback transaction
+    # => ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError: Attempted to touch a stale object: Post.
+
+    Comment.take.destroy!
+    # => begin transaction
+         DELETE FROM "comments" WHERE "comments"."id" = 1
+
+         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) - 1,
+         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
+
+         UPDATE "posts" SET "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:42:47.785901',
+         "lock_version" = 1 WHERE "posts"."id" = 1 AND "posts"."lock_version" = 0
+         rollback transaction
+    # => ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError: Attempted to touch a stale object: Post.
+    ```
+
+    After:
+    ```
+    post = Post.create!
+    # => begin transaction
+         INSERT INTO "posts" ("created_at", "updated_at", "lock_version")
+         VALUES ("2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", "2017-12-11 21:27:11.387397", 0)
+         commit transaction
+
+    comment = Comment.create!(post: post)
+    # => begin transaction
+         INSERT INTO "comments" ("post_id") VALUES (1)
+
+         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) + 1,
+         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1,
+         "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:37:09.802642' WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
+         commit transaction
+
+    comment.destroy!
+    # => begin transaction
+         DELETE FROM "comments" WHERE "comments"."id" = 1
+
+         UPDATE "posts" SET "comments_count" = COALESCE("comments_count", 0) - 1,
+         "lock_version" = COALESCE("lock_version", 0) + 1,
+         "updated_at" = '2017-12-11 21:39:02.685520' WHERE "posts"."id" = 1
+         commit transaction
+    ```
+
+    Fixes #31199.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Add support for PostgreSQL operator classes to `add_index`.
+
+    Example:
+
+        add_index :users, :name, using: :gist, opclass: { name: :gist_trgm_ops }
+
+    *Greg Navis*
+
+*   Don't allow scopes to be defined which conflict with instance methods on `Relation`.
+
+    Fixes #31120.
+
+    *kinnrot*
+
+*   Add new error class `QueryCanceled` which will be raised
+    when canceling statement due to user request.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Add `#up_only` to database migrations for code that is only relevant when
+    migrating up, e.g. populating a new column.
+
+    *Rich Daley*
+
+*   Require raw SQL fragments to be explicitly marked when used in
+    relation query methods.
+
+    Before:
+    ```
+    Article.order("LENGTH(title)")
+    ```
+
+    After:
+    ```
+    Article.order(Arel.sql("LENGTH(title)"))
+    ```
+
+    This prevents SQL injection if applications use the [strongly
+    discouraged] form `Article.order(params[:my_order])`, under the
+    mistaken belief that only column names will be accepted.
+
+    Raw SQL strings will now cause a deprecation warning, which will
+    become an UnknownAttributeReference error in Rails 6.0. Applications
+    can opt in to the future behavior by setting `allow_unsafe_raw_sql`
+    to `:disabled`.
+
+    Common and judged-safe string values (such as simple column
+    references) are unaffected:
+    ```
+    Article.order("title DESC")
+    ```
+
+    *Ben Toews*
+
+*   `update_all` will now pass its values to `Type#cast` before passing them to
+    `Type#serialize`. This means that `update_all(foo: 'true')` will properly
+    persist a boolean.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
+
+*   Add new error class `StatementTimeout` which will be raised
+    when statement timeout exceeded.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix `bin/rails db:migrate` with specified `VERSION`.
+    `bin/rails db:migrate` with empty VERSION behaves as without `VERSION`.
+    Check a format of `VERSION`: Allow a migration version number
+    or name of a migration file. Raise error if format of `VERSION` is invalid.
+    Raise error if target migration doesn't exist.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Fixed a bug where column orders for an index weren't written to
+    `db/schema.rb` when using the sqlite adapter.
+
+    Fixes #30902.
+
+    *Paul Kuruvilla*
+
+*   Remove deprecated method `#sanitize_conditions`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated method `#scope_chain`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated configuration `.error_on_ignored_order_or_limit`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated arguments from `#verify!`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated argument `name` from `#indexes`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated method `ActiveRecord::Migrator.schema_migrations_table_name`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated method `supports_primary_key?`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated method `supports_migrations?`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated methods `initialize_schema_migrations_table` and `initialize_internal_metadata_table`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Raises when calling `lock!` in a dirty record.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated support to passing a class to `:class_name` on associations.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated argument `default` from `index_name_exists?`.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Remove deprecated support to `quoted_id` when typecasting an Active Record object.
+
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
+
+*   Fix `bin/rails db:setup` and `bin/rails db:test:prepare` create wrong
+    ar_internal_metadata's data for a test database.
+
+    Before:
+    ```
+    $ RAILS_ENV=test rails dbconsole
+    > SELECT * FROM ar_internal_metadata;
+    key|value|created_at|updated_at
+    environment|development|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679
+    ```
+
+    After:
+    ```
+    $ RAILS_ENV=test rails dbconsole
+    > SELECT * FROM ar_internal_metadata;
+    key|value|created_at|updated_at
+    environment|test|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679|2017-09-11 23:14:10.815679
+    ```
+
+    Fixes #26731.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Fix longer sequence name detection for serial columns.
+
+    Fixes #28332.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   MySQL: Don't lose `auto_increment: true` in the `db/schema.rb`.
+
+    Fixes #30894.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix `COUNT(DISTINCT ...)` for `GROUP BY` with `ORDER BY` and `LIMIT`.
+
+    Fixes #30886.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   PostgreSQL `tsrange` now preserves subsecond precision.
+
+    PostgreSQL 9.1+ introduced range types, and Rails added support for using
+    this datatype in Active Record. However, the serialization of
+    `PostgreSQL::OID::Range` was incomplete, because it did not properly
+    cast the bounds that make up the range. This led to subseconds being
+    dropped in SQL commands:
+
+    Before:
+
+        connection.type_cast(tsrange.serialize(range_value))
+        # => "[2010-01-01 13:30:00 UTC,2011-02-02 19:30:00 UTC)"
+
+    Now:
+
+        connection.type_cast(tsrange.serialize(range_value))
+        # => "[2010-01-01 13:30:00.670277,2011-02-02 19:30:00.745125)"
+
+    *Thomas Cannon*
+
+*   Passing a `Set` to `Relation#where` now behaves the same as passing an
+    array.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
+
+*   Use given algorithm while removing index from database.
+
+    Fixes #24190.
+
+    *Mehmet Emin İNAÇ*
+
+*   Update payload names for `sql.active_record` instrumentation to be
+    more descriptive.
+
+    Fixes #30586.
+
+    *Jeremy Green*
+
+*   Add new error class `LockWaitTimeout` which will be raised
+    when lock wait timeout exceeded.
+
+    *Gabriel Courtemanche*
+
+*   Remove deprecated `#migration_keys`.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Automatically guess the inverse associations for STI.
+
+    *Yuichiro Kaneko*
+
+*   Ensure `sum` honors `distinct` on `has_many :through` associations.
+
+    Fixes #16791.
+
+    *Aaron Wortham*
+
+*   Add `binary` fixture helper method.
+
+    *Atsushi Yoshida*
+
+*   When using `Relation#or`, extract the common conditions and put them before the OR condition.
+
+    *Maxime Handfield Lapointe*
+
+*   `Relation#or` now accepts two relations who have different values for
+    `references` only, as `references` can be implicitly called by `where`.
+
+    Fixes #29411.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
+
+*   `ApplicationRecord` is no longer generated when generating models. If you
+    need to generate it, it can be created with `rails g application_record`.
+
+    *Lisa Ugray*
+
+*   Fix `COUNT(DISTINCT ...)` with `ORDER BY` and `LIMIT` to keep the existing select list.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   When a `has_one` association is destroyed by `dependent: destroy`,
+    `destroyed_by_association` will now be set to the reflection, matching the
+    behaviour of `has_many` associations.
+
+    *Lisa Ugray*
+
+*   Fix `unscoped(where: [columns])` removing the wrong bind values.
+
+    When the `where` is called on a relation after a `or`, unscoping the column of that later `where` removed
+    bind values used by the `or` instead. (possibly other cases too)
+
+    ```
+    Post.where(id: 1).or(Post.where(id: 2)).where(foo: 3).unscope(where: :foo).to_sql
+    # Currently:
+    #     SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE ("posts"."id" = 2 OR "posts"."id" = 3)
+    # With fix:
+    #     SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE ("posts"."id" = 1 OR "posts"."id" = 2)
+    ```
+
+    *Maxime Handfield Lapointe*
+
+*   Values constructed using multi-parameter assignment will now use the
+    post-type-cast value for rendering in single-field form inputs.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
+
+*   `Relation#joins` is no longer affected by the target model's
+    `current_scope`, with the exception of `unscoped`.
+
+    Fixes #29338.
+
+    *Sean Griffin*
+
+*   Change sqlite3 boolean serialization to use 1 and 0.
+
+    SQLite natively recognizes 1 and 0 as true and false, but does not natively
+    recognize 't' and 'f' as was previously serialized.
+
+    This change in serialization requires a migration of stored boolean data
+    for SQLite databases, so it's implemented behind a configuration flag
+    whose default false value is deprecated.
+
+    *Lisa Ugray*
+
+*   Skip query caching when working with batches of records (`find_each`, `find_in_batches`,
+    `in_batches`).
+
+    Previously, records would be fetched in batches, but all records would be retained in memory
+    until the end of the request or job.
+
+    *Eugene Kenny*
+
+*   Prevent errors raised by `sql.active_record` notification subscribers from being converted into
+    `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` exceptions.
+
+    *Dennis Taylor*
+
+*   Fix eager loading/preloading association with scope including joins.
+
+    Fixes #28324.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix transactions to apply state to child transactions.
+
+    Previously, if you had a nested transaction and the outer transaction was rolledback, the record from the
+    inner transaction would still be marked as persisted.
+
+    This change fixes that by applying the state of the parent transaction to the child transaction when the
+    parent transaction is rolledback. This will correctly mark records from the inner transaction as not persisted.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
+
+*   Deprecate `set_state` method in `TransactionState`.
+
+    Deprecated the `set_state` method in favor of setting the state via specific methods. If you need to mark the
+    state of the transaction you can now use `rollback!`, `commit!` or `nullify!` instead of
+    `set_state(:rolledback)`, `set_state(:committed)`, or `set_state(nil)`.
+
+    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
+
+*   Deprecate delegating to `arel` in `Relation`.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Query cache was unavailable when entering the `ActiveRecord::Base.cache` block
+    without being connected.
+
+    *Tsukasa Oishi*
+
+*   Previously, when building records using a `has_many :through` association,
+    if the child records were deleted before the parent was saved, they would
+    still be persisted. Now, if child records are deleted before the parent is saved
+    on a `has_many :through` association, the child records will not be persisted.
+
+    *Tobias Kraze*
+
+*   Merging two relations representing nested joins no longer transforms the joins of
+    the merged relation into LEFT OUTER JOIN.
+
+    Example:
+
+    ```
+    Author.joins(:posts).merge(Post.joins(:comments))
+    # Before the change:
+    #=> SELECT ... FROM authors INNER JOIN posts ON ... LEFT OUTER JOIN comments ON...
+
+    # After the change:
+    #=> SELECT ... FROM authors INNER JOIN posts ON ... INNER JOIN comments ON...
+    ```
+
+    *Maxime Handfield Lapointe*
+
+*   `ActiveRecord::Persistence#touch` does not work well when optimistic locking enabled and
+    `locking_column`, without default value, is null in the database.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Fix destroying existing object does not work well when optimistic locking enabled and
+    `locking_column` is null in the database.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Use bulk INSERT to insert fixtures for better performance.
+
+    *Kir Shatrov*
+
+*   Prevent creation of bind param if casted value is nil.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Deprecate passing arguments and block at the same time to `count` and `sum` in `ActiveRecord::Calculations`.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Loading model schema from database is now thread-safe.
+
+    Fixes #28589.
+
+    *Vikrant Chaudhary*, *David Abdemoulaie*
+
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base#cache_version` to support recyclable cache keys via the new versioned entries
+    in `ActiveSupport::Cache`. This also means that `ActiveRecord::Base#cache_key` will now return a stable key
+    that does not include a timestamp any more.
+
+    NOTE: This feature is turned off by default, and `#cache_key` will still return cache keys with timestamps
+    until you set `ActiveRecord::Base.cache_versioning = true`. That's the setting for all new apps on Rails 5.2+
+
+    *DHH*
+
+*   Respect `SchemaDumper.ignore_tables` in rake tasks for databases structure dump.
+
+    *Rusty Geldmacher*, *Guillermo Iguaran*
+
+*   Add type caster to `RuntimeReflection#alias_name`.
+
+    Fixes #28959.
+
+    *Jon Moss*
+
+*   Deprecate `supports_statement_cache?`.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Raise error `UnknownMigrationVersionError` on the movement of migrations
+    when the current migration does not exist.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Fix `bin/rails db:forward` first migration.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   Support Descending Indexes for MySQL.
+
+    MySQL 8.0.1 and higher supports descending indexes: `DESC` in an index definition is no longer ignored.
+    See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/descending-indexes.html.
+
+    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+
+*   Fix inconsistency with changed attributes when overriding Active Record attribute reader.
+
+    *bogdanvlviv*
+
+*   When calling the dynamic fixture accessor method with no arguments, it now returns all fixtures of this type.
+    Previously this method always returned an empty array.
+
+    *Kevin McPhillips*
+
+
+Please check [5-1-stable](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/5-1-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) for previous changes.