nokogiri 1.13.0-arm64-darwin
Out-of-bounds Write in zlib affects Nokogiri
high severity GHSA-v6gp-9mmm-c6p5< 1.13.4
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored zlib from 1.2.11 to 1.2.12, which addresses CVE-2018-25032. That CVE is scored as CVSS 7.4 "High" on the NVD record as of 2022-04-05.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.13.4
, and only if the packaged version of zlib
is being used. Please see this document for a complete description of which platform gems vendor zlib
. If you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's zlib
release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= v1.13.4
.
Impact
CVE-2018-25032 in zlib
- Severity: High
- Type: CWE-787 Out of bounds write
- Description: zlib before 1.2.12 allows memory corruption when deflating (i.e., when compressing) if the input has many distant matches.
Denial of Service (DoS) in Nokogiri on JRuby
high severity GHSA-gx8x-g87m-h5q6< 1.13.4
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.4
updates the vendored org.cyberneko.html
library to 1.9.22.noko2
which addresses CVE-2022-24839. That CVE is rated 7.5 (High Severity).
See GHSA-9849-p7jc-9rmv for more information.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the JRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.13.4
.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.4
.
Impact
CVE-2022-24839 in nekohtml
- Severity: High 7.5
- Type: CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
- Description: The fork of
org.cyberneko.html
used by Nokogiri (Rubygem) raises ajava.lang.OutOfMemoryError
exception when parsing ill-formed HTML markup. - See also: GHSA-9849-p7jc-9rmv
Vulnerable dependencies in Nokogiri
high severity GHSA-fq42-c5rg-92c2< 1.13.2
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.2 upgrades two of its packaged dependencies:
Those library versions address the following upstream CVEs:
- libxslt: CVE-2021-30560 (CVSS 8.8, High severity)
- libxml2: CVE-2022-23308 (Unspecified severity, see more information below)
Those library versions also address numerous other issues including performance improvements, regression fixes, and bug fixes, as well as memory leaks and other use-after-free issues that were not assigned CVEs.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.13.2
, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2
and libxslt
release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.2
.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation: compile and link an older version Nokogiri against external libraries libxml2 >= 2.9.13
and libxslt >= 1.1.35
, which will also address these same CVEs.
Impact
libxslt CVE-2021-30560
- CVSS3 score: 8.8 (High)
- Fixed by https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxslt/-/commit/50f9c9c
All versions of libxslt prior to v1.1.35 are affected.
Applications using untrusted XSL stylesheets to transform XML are vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack and should be upgraded immediately.
libxml2 CVE-2022-23308
- As of the time this security advisory was published, there is no officially published information available about this CVE's severity. The above NIST link does not yet have a published record, and the libxml2 maintainer has declined to provide a severity score.
- Fixed by https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/652dd12
- Further explanation is at https://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/2022-February/msg00015.html
The upstream commit and the explanation linked above indicate that an application may be vulnerable to a denial of service, memory disclosure, or code execution if it parses an untrusted document with parse options DTDVALID
set to true, and NOENT
set to false.
An analysis of these parse options:
- While
NOENT
is off by default for Document, DocumentFragment, Reader, and Schema parsing, it is on by default for XSLT (stylesheet) parsing in Nokogiri v1.12.0 and later. DTDVALID
is an option that Nokogiri does not set for any operations, and so this CVE applies only to applications setting this option explicitly.
It seems reasonable to assume that any application explicitly setting the parse option DTDVALID
when parsing untrusted documents is vulnerable and should be upgraded immediately.
Integer Overflow or Wraparound in libxml2 affects Nokogiri
high severity GHSA-cgx6-hpwq-fhv5>= 1.13.5
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.5 upgrades the packaged version of its dependency libxml2 from v2.9.13 to v2.9.14.
libxml2 v2.9.14 addresses CVE-2022-29824. This version also includes several security-related bug fixes for which CVEs were not created, including a potential double-free, potential memory leaks, and integer-overflow.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri
< 1.13.5
, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've overridden
defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries,
you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2
and libxslt
release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.5
.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation:
compile and link Nokogiri against external libraries libxml2 >= 2.9.14
which will also
address these same issues.
Impact
libxml2 CVE-2022-29824
- CVSS3 score:
- Unspecified upstream
- Nokogiri maintainers evaluate at 8.6 (High) (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H). Note that this is different from the CVSS assessed by NVD.
- Type: Denial of service, information disclosure
- Description: In libxml2 before 2.9.14, several buffer handling functions in buf.c (xmlBuf*) and tree.c (xmlBuffer*) don't check for integer overflows. This can result in out-of-bounds memory writes. Exploitation requires a victim to open a crafted, multi-gigabyte XML file. Other software using libxml2's buffer functions, for example libxslt through 1.1.35, is affected as well.
- Fixed: https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/2554a24
All versions of libml2 prior to v2.9.14 are affected.
Applications parsing or serializing multi-gigabyte documents (in excess of INT_MAX bytes) may be vulnerable to an integer overflow bug in buffer handling that could lead to exposure of confidential data, modification of unrelated data, or a segmentation fault resulting in a denial-of-service.
References
Improper Handling of Unexpected Data Type in Nokogiri
high severity CVE-2022-29181>= 1.13.6
Summary
Nokogiri < v1.13.6
does not type-check all inputs into the XML and HTML4 SAX parsers.
For CRuby users, this may allow specially crafted untrusted inputs to cause illegal
memory access errors (segfault) or reads from unrelated memory.
Severity
The Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as High 8.2 (CVSS3.1).
Mitigation
CRuby users should upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.6
.
JRuby users are not affected.
Workarounds
To avoid this vulnerability in affected applications, ensure the untrusted input is a
String
by calling #to_s
or equivalent.
Denial of Service (DoS) in Nokogiri on JRuby
high severity CVE-2022-24839>= 1.13.4
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.4
updates the vendored org.cyberneko.html
library to
1.9.22.noko2
which addresses CVE-2022-24839.
That CVE is rated 7.5 (High Severity).
See GHSA-9849-p7jc-9rmv for more information.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the JRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.13.4
.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.4
.
Impact
CVE-2022-24839 in nekohtml
- Severity: High 7.5
- Type: CWE-400 Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
- Description: The fork of
org.cyberneko.html
used by Nokogiri (Rubygem) raises ajava.lang.OutOfMemoryError
exception when parsing ill-formed HTML markup. - See also: GHSA-9849-p7jc-9rmv
Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity in Nokogiri
high severity CVE-2022-24836>= 1.13.4
Summary
Nokogiri < v1.13.4
contains an inefficient regular expression that is
susceptible to excessive backtracking when attempting to detect encoding
in HTML documents.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.4
.
Update packaged libxml2 (2.9.12 → 2.9.13) and libxslt (1.1.34 → 1.1.35)
high severity CVE-2021-30560>= 1.13.2
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.2 upgrades two of its packaged dependencies:
- vendored libxml2 from v2.9.12 to v2.9.13
- vendored libxslt from v1.1.34 to v1.1.35
Those library versions address the following upstream CVEs:
- libxslt: CVE-2021-30560 (CVSS 8.8, High severity)
- libxml2: CVE-2022-23308 (Unspecified severity, see more information below)
Those library versions also address numerous other issues including performance improvements, regression fixes, and bug fixes, as well as memory leaks and other use-after-free issues that were not assigned CVEs.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of
Nokogiri < 1.13.2, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've
overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of
packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2
and libxslt
release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.2.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation: compile and link an older version Nokogiri against external libraries libxml2 >= 2.9.13 and libxslt >= 1.1.35, which will also address these same CVEs.
Impact
- libxslt CVE-2021-30560
- CVSS3 score: 8.8 (High)
Fixed by https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxslt/-/commit/50f9c9c
All versions of libxslt prior to v1.1.35 are affected.
Applications using untrusted XSL stylesheets to transform XML are vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack and should be upgraded immediately.
libxml2 CVE-2022-23308
- As of the time this security advisory was published, there is no officially published information available about this CVE's severity. The above NIST link does not yet have a published record, and the libxml2 maintainer has declined to provide a severity score.
- Fixed by https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/652dd12
- Further explanation is at https://mail.gnome.org/archives/xml/2022-February/msg00015.html
The upstream commit and the explanation linked above indicate that an application
may be vulnerable to a denial of service, memory disclosure, or code execution if
it parses an untrusted document with parse options DTDVALID
set to true, and NOENT
set to false.
An analysis of these parse options:
- While
NOENT
is off by default for Document, DocumentFragment, Reader, and Schema parsing, it is on by default for XSLT (stylesheet) parsing in Nokogiri v1.12.0 and later. DTDVALID
is an option that Nokogiri does not set for any operations, and so this CVE applies only to applications setting this option explicitly.
It seems reasonable to assume that any application explicitly setting the parse
option DTDVALID
when parsing untrusted documents is vulnerable and should be
upgraded immediately.
Out-of-bounds Write in zlib affects Nokogiri
high severity CVE-2018-25032>= 1.13.4
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored zlib from 1.2.11 to 1.2.12, which addresses CVE-2018-25032. That CVE is scored as CVSS 7.4 "High" on the NVD record as of 2022-04-05.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of
Nokogiri < 1.13.4
, and only if the packaged version of zlib
is being used.
Please see this document
for a complete description of which platform gems vendor zlib
. If you've
overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of
packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's zlib
release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= v1.13.4
.
Impact
CVE-2018-25032 in zlib
- Severity: High
- Type: CWE-787 Out of bounds write
- Description: zlib before 1.2.12 allows memory corruption when deflating (i.e., when compressing) if the input has many distant matches.
XML Injection in Xerces Java affects Nokogiri
medium severity GHSA-xxx9-3xcr-gjj3< 1.13.4
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored xerces:xercesImpl
from 2.12.0 to 2.12.2, which addresses CVE-2022-23437. That CVE is scored as CVSS 6.5 "Medium" on the NVD record.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the JRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.13.4
.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= v1.13.4
.
Impact
CVE-2022-23437 in xerces-J
- Severity: Medium
- Type: CWE-91 XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
- Description: There's a vulnerability within the Apache Xerces Java (XercesJ) XML parser when handling specially crafted XML document payloads. This causes, the XercesJ XML parser to wait in an infinite loop, which may sometimes consume system resources for prolonged duration. This vulnerability is present within XercesJ version 2.12.1 and the previous versions.
- See also: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h65f-jvqw-m9fj
Use-after-free in libxml2 via Nokogiri::XML::Reader
medium severity GHSA-xc9x-jj77-9p9j~> 1.15.6
, >= 1.16.2
Summary
Nokogiri upgrades its dependency libxml2 as follows:
- v1.15.6 upgrades libxml2 to 2.11.7 from 2.11.6
- v1.16.2 upgrades libxml2 to 2.12.5 from 2.12.4
libxml2 v2.11.7 and v2.12.5 address the following vulnerability:
CVE-2024-25062 / https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2024-25062
- described at https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/604
- patched by https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/92721970
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2 release announcements.
JRuby users are not affected.
Severity
The Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as Moderate.
Impact
From the CVE description, this issue applies to the xmlTextReader
module (which underlies
Nokogiri::XML::Reader
):
When using the XML Reader interface with DTD validation and XInclude expansion enabled, processing crafted XML documents can lead to an xmlValidatePopElement use-after-free.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri ~> 1.15.6
or >= 1.16.2
.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation: compile and link Nokogiri against patched external libxml2 libraries which will also address these same issues.
Use-after-free in libxml2 via Nokogiri::XML::Reader
medium severity GHSA-vcc3-rw6f-jv97< 1.15.6
Summary
Nokogiri upgrades its dependency libxml2 as follows:
- v1.15.6 upgrades libxml2 to 2.11.7 from 2.11.6
- v1.16.2 upgrades libxml2 to 2.12.5 from 2.12.4
libxml2 v2.11.7 and v2.12.5 address the following vulnerability:
CVE-2024-25062 / https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2024-25062
- described at https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/604
- patched by https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/92721970
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your distro's libxml2 release announcements.
JRuby users are not affected.
Severity
The Nokogiri maintainers have evaluated this as Moderate.
Impact
From the CVE description, this issue applies to the xmlTextReader
module (which underlies
Nokogiri::XML::Reader
):
When using the XML Reader interface with DTD validation and XInclude expansion enabled, processing crafted XML documents can lead to an xmlValidatePopElement use-after-free.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri ~> 1.15.6
or >= 1.16.2
.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation: compile and link Nokogiri against patched external libxml2 libraries which will also address these same issues.
Update packaged libxml2 to v2.10.4 to resolve multiple CVEs
medium severity GHSA-pxvg-2qj5-37jq>= 1.14.3
Summary
Nokogiri v1.14.3 upgrades the packaged version of its dependency libxml2 to v2.10.4 from v2.10.3.
libxml2 v2.10.4 addresses the following known vulnerabilities:
- CVE-2023-29469: Hashing of empty dict strings isn't deterministic
- CVE-2023-28484: Fix null deref in xmlSchemaFixupComplexType
- Schemas: Fix null-pointer-deref in xmlSchemaCheckCOSSTDerivedOK
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of Nokogiri < 1.14.3
,
and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If you've overridden defaults at installation
time to use system libraries instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to
your distro's libxml2
release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.14.3
.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated mitigation: compile
and link Nokogiri against external libraries libxml2 >= 2.10.4
which will also address these
same issues.
Impact
No public information has yet been published about the security-related issues other than the upstream commits. Examination of those changesets indicate that the more serious issues relate to libxml2 dereferencing NULL pointers and potentially segfaulting while parsing untrusted inputs.
The commits can be examined at:
Update bundled libxml2 to v2.10.3 to resolve multiple CVEs
medium severity GHSA-2qc6-mcvw-92cw>= 1.13.9
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.9 upgrades the packaged version of its dependency libxml2 to v2.10.3 from v2.9.14.
libxml2 v2.10.3 addresses the following known vulnerabilities:
Please note that this advisory only applies to the CRuby implementation of
Nokogiri < 1.13.9
, and only if the packaged libraries are being used. If
you've overridden defaults at installation time to use system libraries
instead of packaged libraries, you should instead pay attention to your
distro's libxml2
release announcements.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= 1.13.9
.
Users who are unable to upgrade Nokogiri may also choose a more complicated
mitigation: compile and link Nokogiri against external libraries libxml2
>= 2.10.3
which will also address these same issues.
Impact
libxml2 CVE-2022-2309
- CVSS3 score: Under evaluation
- Type: Denial of service
- Description: NULL Pointer Dereference allows attackers to cause a denial of service (or application crash). This only applies when lxml is used together with libxml2 2.9.10 through 2.9.14. libxml2 2.9.9 and earlier are not affected. It allows triggering crashes through forged input data, given a vulnerable code sequence in the application. The vulnerability is caused by the iterwalk function (also used by the canonicalize function). Such code shouldn't be in wide-spread use, given that parsing + iterwalk would usually be replaced with the more efficient iterparse function. However, an XML converter that serialises to C14N would also be vulnerable, for example, and there are legitimate use cases for this code sequence. If untrusted input is received (also remotely) and processed via iterwalk function, a crash can be triggered.
Nokogiri maintainers investigated at #2620 and determined this CVE does not affect Nokogiri users.
libxml2 CVE-2022-40304
- CVSS3 score: Unspecified upstream
- Type: Data corruption, denial of service
- Description: When an entity reference cycle is detected, the entity content is cleared by setting its first byte to zero. But the entity content might be allocated from a dict. In this case, the dict entry becomes corrupted leading to all kinds of logic errors, including memory errors like double-frees.
See https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/644a89e080bced793295f61f18aac8cfad6bece2
libxml2 CVE-2022-40303
- CVSS3 score: Unspecified upstream
- Type: Integer overflow
- Description: Integer overflows with XML_PARSE_HUGE
See https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/c846986356fc149915a74972bf198abc266bc2c0
XML Injection in Xerces Java affects Nokogiri
medium severity CVE-2022-23437>= 1.13.4
Summary
Nokogiri v1.13.4 updates the vendored xerces:xercesImpl
from 2.12.0 to
2.12.2, which addresses CVE-2022-23437.
That CVE is scored as CVSS 6.5 "Medium" on the NVD record.
Please note that this advisory only applies to the JRuby implementation
of Nokogiri < 1.13.4
.
Mitigation
Upgrade to Nokogiri >= v1.13.4
.
Impact
CVE-2022-23437 in xerces-J
- Severity: Medium
- Type: CWE-91 XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
- Description: There's a vulnerability within the Apache Xerces Java (XercesJ) XML parser when handling specially crafted XML document payloads. This causes, the XercesJ XML parser to wait in an infinite loop, which may sometimes consume system resources for prolonged duration. This vulnerability is present within XercesJ version 2.12.1 and the previous versions.
- See also: https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-h65f-jvqw-m9fj
Nokogiri updates packaged libxml2 to v2.12.7 to resolve CVE-2024-34459
low severity GHSA-r95h-9x8f-r3f7>= 1.16.5
Summary
Nokogiri v1.16.5 upgrades its dependency libxml2 to 2.12.7 from 2.12.6.
libxml2 v2.12.7 addresses CVE-2024-34459:
- described at https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/issues/720
- patched by https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/libxml2/-/commit/2876ac53
Impact
There is no impact to Nokogiri users because the issue is present only
in libxml2's xmllint
tool which Nokogiri does not provide or expose.
Timeline
- 2024-05-13 05:57 EDT, libxml2 2.12.7 release is announced
- 2024-05-13 08:30 EDT, nokogiri maintainers begin triage
- 2024-05-13 10:05 EDT, nokogiri v1.16.5 is released and this GHSA made public
No officially reported memory leakage issues detected.
This gem version does not have any officially reported memory leaked issues.
No license issues detected.
This gem version has a license in the gemspec.
This gem version is available.
This gem version has not been yanked and is still available for usage.