nokogiri 1.11.0.rc4-java → 1.11.5-java

data/ext/java/nokogiri/internals/NokogiriHelpers.java

@@ -1,35 +1,3 @@
-/**
- * (The MIT License)
- *
- * Copyright (c) 2008 - 2014:
- *
- * * {Aaron Patterson}[http://tenderlovemaking.com]
- * * {Mike Dalessio}[http://mike.daless.io]
- * * {Charles Nutter}[http://blog.headius.com]
- * * {Sergio Arbeo}[http://www.serabe.com]
- * * {Patrick Mahoney}[http://polycrystal.org]
- * * {Yoko Harada}[http://yokolet.blogspot.com]
- *
- * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
- * a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
- * 'Software'), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
- * without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
- * distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
- * permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
- * the following conditions:
- * 
- * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
- * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
- * 
- * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED 'AS IS', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
- * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
- * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
- * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
- * CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
- * TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
- * SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
- */
-
 package nokogiri.internals;
 
 import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
@@ -74,661 +42,777 @@ import nokogiri.XmlXpathContext;
 
 /**
  * A class for various utility methods.
- * 
+ *
  * @author serabe
  * @author Patrick Mahoney <pat@polycrystal.org>
  * @author Yoko Harada <yokolet@gmail.com>
  */
-public class NokogiriHelpers {
-    public static final String CACHED_NODE = "NOKOGIRI_CACHED_NODE";
-    public static final String ROOT_NODE_INVALID = "NOKOGIRI_ROOT_NODE_INVALID";
-    public static final String ENCODED_STRING = "NOKOGIRI_ENCODED_STRING";
-
-    public static XmlNode getCachedNode(Node node) {
-        return (XmlNode) node.getUserData(CACHED_NODE);
-    }
-
-    public static void clearCachedNode(Node node) {
-        node.setUserData(CACHED_NODE, null, null);
-    }
-
-    public static void clearXpathContext(Node node) {
-        if (node == null) return;
-
-        Node ownerDocument = node.getOwnerDocument();
-        if (ownerDocument == null) {
-            ownerDocument = node;
-        }
-        ownerDocument.setUserData(XmlXpathContext.XPATH_CONTEXT, null, null);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the XmlNode associated with the underlying
-     * <code>node</code>. Creates a new XmlNode (or appropriate subclass)
-     * or XmlNamespace wrapping <code>node</code> if there is no cached
-     * value.
-     */
-    public static IRubyObject getCachedNodeOrCreate(Ruby runtime, Node node) {
-        if (node == null) return runtime.getNil();
-        if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE && isNamespace(node.getNodeName())) {
-            XmlDocument xmlDocument = (XmlDocument) node.getOwnerDocument().getUserData(CACHED_NODE);
-            if (!(xmlDocument instanceof HtmlDocument)) {
-                String prefix = getLocalNameForNamespace(((Attr) node).getName(), null);
-                String href = ((Attr) node).getValue();
-                XmlNamespace xmlNamespace = xmlDocument.getNamespaceCache().get(prefix, href);
-                if (xmlNamespace != null) return xmlNamespace;
-                return XmlNamespace.createFromAttr(runtime, (Attr) node);
-            }
-        }
-        XmlNode xmlNode = getCachedNode(node);
-        if (xmlNode == null) {
-            xmlNode = (XmlNode) constructNode(runtime, node);
-            node.setUserData(CACHED_NODE, xmlNode, null);
-        }
-        return xmlNode;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Construct a new XmlNode wrapping <code>node</code>.  The proper
-     * subclass of XmlNode is chosen based on the type of
-     * <code>node</code>.
-     */
-    public static IRubyObject constructNode(Ruby runtime, Node node) {
-        if (node == null) return runtime.getNil();
-        // this is slow; need a way to cache nokogiri classes/modules somewhere
-        switch (node.getNodeType()) {
-            case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
-                XmlElement xmlElement = (XmlElement) NokogiriService.XML_ELEMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Element"));
-                xmlElement.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlElement;
-            case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
-                XmlAttr xmlAttr = (XmlAttr) NokogiriService.XML_ATTR_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Attr"));
-                xmlAttr.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlAttr;
-            case Node.TEXT_NODE:
-                XmlText xmlText = (XmlText) NokogiriService.XML_TEXT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Text"));
-                xmlText.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlText;
-            case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
-                XmlComment xmlComment = (XmlComment) NokogiriService.XML_COMMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Comment"));
-                xmlComment.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlComment;
-            case Node.ENTITY_NODE:
-                return new XmlNode(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl"), node);
-            case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
-                XmlEntityReference xmlEntityRef = (XmlEntityReference) NokogiriService.XML_ENTITY_REFERENCE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference"));
-                xmlEntityRef.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlEntityRef;
-            case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
-                XmlProcessingInstruction xmlProcessingInstruction = (XmlProcessingInstruction) NokogiriService.XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction"));
-                xmlProcessingInstruction.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlProcessingInstruction;
-            case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
-                XmlCdata xmlCdata = (XmlCdata) NokogiriService.XML_CDATA_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::CDATA"));
-                xmlCdata.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlCdata;
-            case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
-                XmlDocument xmlDocument = (XmlDocument) NokogiriService.XML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Document"));
-                xmlDocument.setDocumentNode(runtime, (Document) node);
-                return xmlDocument;
-            case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
-                XmlDtd xmlDtd = (XmlDtd) NokogiriService.XML_DTD_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::DTD"));
-                xmlDtd.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlDtd;
-            default:
-                XmlNode xmlNode = (XmlNode) NokogiriService.XML_NODE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Node"));
-                xmlNode.setNode(runtime, node);
-                return xmlNode;
+public class NokogiriHelpers
+{
+  public static final String CACHED_NODE = "NOKOGIRI_CACHED_NODE";
+  public static final String ROOT_NODE_INVALID = "NOKOGIRI_ROOT_NODE_INVALID";
+  public static final String ENCODED_STRING = "NOKOGIRI_ENCODED_STRING";
+
+  public static XmlNode
+  getCachedNode(Node node)
+  {
+    return (XmlNode) node.getUserData(CACHED_NODE);
+  }
+
+  public static void
+  clearCachedNode(Node node)
+  {
+    node.setUserData(CACHED_NODE, null, null);
+  }
+
+  public static void
+  clearXpathContext(Node node)
+  {
+    if (node == null) { return; }
+
+    Node ownerDocument = node.getOwnerDocument();
+    if (ownerDocument == null) {
+      ownerDocument = node;
+    }
+    ownerDocument.setUserData(XmlXpathContext.XPATH_CONTEXT, null, null);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Get the XmlNode associated with the underlying
+   * <code>node</code>. Creates a new XmlNode (or appropriate subclass)
+   * or XmlNamespace wrapping <code>node</code> if there is no cached
+   * value.
+   */
+  public static IRubyObject
+  getCachedNodeOrCreate(Ruby runtime, Node node)
+  {
+    if (node == null) { return runtime.getNil(); }
+    if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE && isNamespace(node.getNodeName())) {
+      XmlDocument xmlDocument = (XmlDocument) node.getOwnerDocument().getUserData(CACHED_NODE);
+      if (!(xmlDocument instanceof HtmlDocument)) {
+        String prefix = getLocalNameForNamespace(((Attr) node).getName(), null);
+        String href = ((Attr) node).getValue();
+        XmlNamespace xmlNamespace = xmlDocument.getNamespaceCache().get(prefix, href);
+        if (xmlNamespace != null) { return xmlNamespace; }
+        return XmlNamespace.createFromAttr(runtime, (Attr) node);
+      }
+    }
+    XmlNode xmlNode = getCachedNode(node);
+    if (xmlNode == null) {
+      xmlNode = (XmlNode) constructNode(runtime, node);
+      node.setUserData(CACHED_NODE, xmlNode, null);
+    }
+    return xmlNode;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Construct a new XmlNode wrapping <code>node</code>.  The proper
+   * subclass of XmlNode is chosen based on the type of
+   * <code>node</code>.
+   */
+  public static IRubyObject
+  constructNode(Ruby runtime, Node node)
+  {
+    if (node == null) { return runtime.getNil(); }
+    // this is slow; need a way to cache nokogiri classes/modules somewhere
+    switch (node.getNodeType()) {
+    case Node.ELEMENT_NODE:
+      XmlElement xmlElement = (XmlElement) NokogiriService.XML_ELEMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                              "Nokogiri::XML::Element"));
+      xmlElement.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlElement;
+    case Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE:
+      XmlAttr xmlAttr = (XmlAttr) NokogiriService.XML_ATTR_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                        "Nokogiri::XML::Attr"));
+      xmlAttr.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlAttr;
+    case Node.TEXT_NODE:
+      XmlText xmlText = (XmlText) NokogiriService.XML_TEXT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                        "Nokogiri::XML::Text"));
+      xmlText.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlText;
+    case Node.COMMENT_NODE:
+      XmlComment xmlComment = (XmlComment) NokogiriService.XML_COMMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                              "Nokogiri::XML::Comment"));
+      xmlComment.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlComment;
+    case Node.ENTITY_NODE:
+      return new XmlNode(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityDecl"), node);
+    case Node.ENTITY_REFERENCE_NODE:
+      XmlEntityReference xmlEntityRef = (XmlEntityReference) NokogiriService.XML_ENTITY_REFERENCE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime,
+                                        getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::EntityReference"));
+      xmlEntityRef.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlEntityRef;
+    case Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE:
+      XmlProcessingInstruction xmlProcessingInstruction = (XmlProcessingInstruction)
+          NokogiriService.XML_PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+              "Nokogiri::XML::ProcessingInstruction"));
+      xmlProcessingInstruction.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlProcessingInstruction;
+    case Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE:
+      XmlCdata xmlCdata = (XmlCdata) NokogiriService.XML_CDATA_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                          "Nokogiri::XML::CDATA"));
+      xmlCdata.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlCdata;
+    case Node.DOCUMENT_NODE:
+      XmlDocument xmlDocument = (XmlDocument) NokogiriService.XML_DOCUMENT_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime,
+                                getNokogiriClass(runtime, "Nokogiri::XML::Document"));
+      xmlDocument.setDocumentNode(runtime, (Document) node);
+      return xmlDocument;
+    case Node.DOCUMENT_TYPE_NODE:
+      XmlDtd xmlDtd = (XmlDtd) NokogiriService.XML_DTD_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                      "Nokogiri::XML::DTD"));
+      xmlDtd.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlDtd;
+    default:
+      XmlNode xmlNode = (XmlNode) NokogiriService.XML_NODE_ALLOCATOR.allocate(runtime, getNokogiriClass(runtime,
+                        "Nokogiri::XML::Node"));
+      xmlNode.setNode(runtime, node);
+      return xmlNode;
+    }
+  }
+
+  public static RubyClass
+  getNokogiriClass(Ruby ruby, String name)
+  {
+    return NokogiriService.getNokogiriClassCache(ruby).get(name);
+  }
+
+  public static IRubyObject
+  stringOrNil(Ruby runtime, String str)
+  {
+    return str == null ? runtime.getNil() : convertString(runtime, str);
+  }
+
+  public static IRubyObject
+  stringOrNil(Ruby runtime, CharSequence str)
+  {
+    return str == null ? runtime.getNil() : convertString(runtime, str);
+  }
+
+  public static IRubyObject
+  stringOrNil(Ruby runtime, byte[] bytes)
+  {
+    return bytes == null ? runtime.getNil() : RubyString.newString(runtime, bytes);
+  }
+
+  public static IRubyObject
+  stringOrBlank(Ruby runtime, String str)
+  {
+    return str == null ? runtime.newString() : convertString(runtime, str);
+  }
+
+  public static RubyString
+  convertString(Ruby runtime, String str)
+  {
+    return RubyString.newUTF8String(runtime, str);
+  }
+
+  public static RubyString
+  convertString(Ruby runtime, CharSequence str)
+  {
+    return RubyString.newUTF8String(runtime, str);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Convert <code>s</code> to a RubyString, or if s is null or
+   * empty return RubyNil.
+   */
+  public static IRubyObject
+  nonEmptyStringOrNil(Ruby runtime, String s)
+  {
+    if (s == null || s.length() == 0) { return runtime.getNil(); }
+    return RubyString.newString(runtime, s);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the prefix of a qualified name like "prefix:local".
+   * Returns null if there is no prefix.
+   */
+  public static String
+  getPrefix(String qName)
+  {
+    if (qName == null) { return null; }
+
+    final int pos = qName.indexOf(':');
+    return pos > 0 ? qName.substring(0, pos) : null;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return the local part of a qualified name like "prefix:local".
+   * Returns <code>qName</code> if there is no prefix.
+   */
+  public static String
+  getLocalPart(String qName)
+  {
+    if (qName == null) { return null; }
+
+    final int pos = qName.indexOf(':');
+    return pos > 0 ? qName.substring(pos + 1) : qName;
+  }
+
+  public static String
+  getLocalNameForNamespace(String name, String defValue)
+  {
+    String localName = getLocalPart(name);
+    return ("xmlns".equals(localName)) ? defValue : localName;
+  }
+
+  public static String
+  rubyStringToString(IRubyObject str)
+  {
+    if (str.isNil()) { return null; }
+    return str.convertToString().decodeString();
+  }
+
+  public static String
+  rubyStringToString(RubyString str)
+  {
+    return str.decodeString(); // if encoding UTF-8 will decode UTF-8
+  }
+
+  public static ByteArrayInputStream
+  stringBytesToStream(final IRubyObject str)
+  {
+    if (str instanceof RubyString || str.respondsTo("to_str")) {
+      final ByteList bytes = str.convertToString().getByteList();
+      return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes.unsafeBytes(), bytes.begin(), bytes.length());
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  public static String
+  getNodeCompletePath(Node node)
+  {
+
+    Node cur, tmp, next;
+
+    String buffer = "";
+
+    cur = node;
+
+    do {
+      String name = "";
+      String sep = "?";
+      int occur = 0;
+      boolean generic = false;
+
+      if (cur.getNodeType() == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {
+        if (buffer.startsWith("/")) { break; }
+
+        sep = "/";
+        next = null;
+      } else if (cur.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
+        generic = false;
+        sep = "/";
+
+        name = cur.getLocalName();
+        if (name == null) { name = cur.getNodeName(); }
+        if (cur.getNamespaceURI() != null) {
+          if (cur.getPrefix() != null) {
+            name = cur.getPrefix() + ":" + name;
+          } else {
+            generic = true;
+            name = "*";
+          }
         }
-    }
-    
-    public static RubyClass getNokogiriClass(Ruby ruby, String name) {
-        return NokogiriService.getNokogiriClassCache(ruby).get(name);
-    }
 
-    public static IRubyObject stringOrNil(Ruby runtime, String str) {
-        return str == null ? runtime.getNil() : convertString(runtime, str);
-    }
+        next = cur.getParentNode();
 
-    public static IRubyObject stringOrNil(Ruby runtime, CharSequence str) {
-        return str == null ? runtime.getNil() : convertString(runtime, str);
-    }
+        /*
+         * Thumbler index computation
+         */
 
-    public static IRubyObject stringOrNil(Ruby runtime, byte[] bytes) {
-        return bytes == null ? runtime.getNil() : RubyString.newString(runtime, bytes);
-    }
+        tmp = cur.getPreviousSibling();
 
-    public static IRubyObject stringOrBlank(Ruby runtime, String str) {
-        return str == null ? runtime.newString() : convertString(runtime, str);
-    }
-    
-    public static RubyString convertString(Ruby runtime, String str) {
-        return RubyString.newUTF8String(runtime, str);
-    }
-
-    public static RubyString convertString(Ruby runtime, CharSequence str) {
-        return RubyString.newUTF8String(runtime, str);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Convert <code>s</code> to a RubyString, or if s is null or
-     * empty return RubyNil.
-     */
-    public static IRubyObject nonEmptyStringOrNil(Ruby runtime, String s) {
-        if (s == null || s.length() == 0) return runtime.getNil();
-        return RubyString.newString(runtime, s);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the prefix of a qualified name like "prefix:local".
-     * Returns null if there is no prefix.
-     */
-    public static String getPrefix(String qName) {
-        if (qName == null) return null;
-
-        final int pos = qName.indexOf(':');
-        return pos > 0 ? qName.substring(0, pos) : null;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Return the local part of a qualified name like "prefix:local".
-     * Returns <code>qName</code> if there is no prefix.
-     */
-    public static String getLocalPart(String qName) {
-        if (qName == null) return null;
-
-        final int pos = qName.indexOf(':');
-        return pos > 0 ? qName.substring(pos + 1) : qName;
-    }
-
-    public static String getLocalNameForNamespace(String name, String defValue) {
-        String localName = getLocalPart(name);
-        return ("xmlns".equals(localName)) ? defValue : localName;
-    }
-
-    public static String rubyStringToString(IRubyObject str) {
-        if (str.isNil()) return null;
-        return str.convertToString().decodeString();
-    }
-
-    public static String rubyStringToString(RubyString str) {
-        return str.decodeString(); // if encoding UTF-8 will decode UTF-8
-    }
-
-    public static ByteArrayInputStream stringBytesToStream(final IRubyObject str) {
-        if (str instanceof RubyString || str.respondsTo("to_str")) {
-            final ByteList bytes = str.convertToString().getByteList();
-            return new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes.unsafeBytes(), bytes.begin(), bytes.length());
+        while (tmp != null) {
+          if ((tmp.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) &&
+              (generic || fullNamesMatch(tmp, cur))) {
+            occur++;
+          }
+          tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
         }
-        return null;
-    }
 
-    public static String getNodeCompletePath(Node node) {
-
-        Node cur, tmp, next;
-
-        String buffer = "";
-
-        cur = node;
-
-        do {
-            String name = "";
-            String sep = "?";
-            int occur = 0;
-            boolean generic = false;
-
-            if(cur.getNodeType() == Node.DOCUMENT_NODE) {
-                if(buffer.startsWith("/")) break;
-
-                sep = "/";
-                next = null;
-            } else if(cur.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
-                generic = false;
-                sep = "/";
-
-                name = cur.getLocalName();
-                if (name == null) name = cur.getNodeName();
-                if(cur.getNamespaceURI() != null) {
-                    if(cur.getPrefix() != null) {
-                        name = cur.getPrefix() + ":" + name;
-                    } else {
-                        generic = true;
-                        name = "*";
-                    }
-                }
-
-                next = cur.getParentNode();
-
-                /*
-                 * Thumbler index computation
-                 */
-
-                tmp = cur.getPreviousSibling();
-
-                while(tmp != null) {
-                    if((tmp.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) &&
-                       (generic || fullNamesMatch(tmp, cur))) {
-                        occur++;
-                    }
-                    tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
-                }
-
-                if(occur == 0) {
-                    tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
-
-                    while(tmp != null && occur == 0) {
-                        if((tmp.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) &&
-                            (generic || fullNamesMatch(tmp,cur))) {
-                            occur++;
-                        }
-                        tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
-                    }
-
-                    if(occur != 0) occur = 1;
-
-                } else {
-                    occur++;
-                }
-            } else if(cur.getNodeType() == Node.COMMENT_NODE) {
-                sep = "/";
-                name = "comment()";
-                next = cur.getParentNode();
-
-                /*
-                 * Thumbler index computation.
-                 */
-
-                tmp = cur.getPreviousSibling();
-
-                while(tmp != null) {
-                    if(tmp.getNodeType() == Node.COMMENT_NODE) {
-                        occur++;
-                    }
-                    tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
-                }
-
-                if(occur == 0) {
-                    tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
-                    while(tmp != null && occur == 0) {
-                        if(tmp.getNodeType() == Node.COMMENT_NODE) {
-                            occur++;
-                        }
-                        tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
-                    }
-                    if(occur != 0) occur = 1;
-                } else {
-                    occur = 1;
-                }
-
-            } else if(cur.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE ||
-                cur.getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE) {
-                    // I'm here. gist:129
-                    // http://gist.github.com/144923
-
-                sep = "/";
-                name = "text()";
-                next = cur.getParentNode();
-
-                /*
-                 * Thumbler index computation.
-                 */
-
-                tmp = cur.getPreviousSibling();
-                while(tmp != null) {
-                    if(tmp.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE ||
-                            tmp.getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE) {
-                        occur++;
-                    }
-                    tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
-                }
-
-                if(occur == 0) {
-                    tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
-
-                    while(tmp != null && occur == 0) {
-                        if(tmp.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE ||
-                                tmp.getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE) {
-                            occur++;
-                        }
-                        tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
-                    }
-                } else {
-                    occur++;
-                }
-
-            } else if(cur.getNodeType() == Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE) {
-                sep = "/";
-                name = "processing-instruction('"+cur.getLocalName()+"')";
-                next = cur.getParentNode();
-
-                /*
-                 * Thumbler index computation.
-                 */
-
-                tmp = cur.getParentNode();
-
-                while(tmp != null) {
-                    if(tmp.getNodeType() == Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE &&
-                            tmp.getLocalName().equals(cur.getLocalName())) {
-                        occur++;
-                    }
-                    tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
-                }
-
-                if(occur == 0) {
-                    tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
-
-                    while(tmp != null && occur == 0) {
-                        if(tmp.getNodeType() == Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE &&
-                                tmp.getLocalName().equals(cur.getLocalName())){
-                            occur++;
-                        }
-                        tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
-                    }
-
-                    if(occur != 0) {
-                        occur = 1;
-                    }
-
-                } else {
-                    occur++;
-                }
-
-            } else if(cur.getNodeType() == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE) {
-                sep = "/@";
-                name = cur.getLocalName();
-
-                if(cur.getNamespaceURI() != null) {
-                    if(cur.getPrefix() != null) {
-                        name = cur.getPrefix() + ":" + name;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                next = ((Attr) cur).getOwnerElement();
-
-            } else {
-                next = cur.getParentNode();
-            }
+        if (occur == 0) {
+          tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
 
-            if(occur == 0){
-                buffer = sep+name+buffer;
-            } else {
-                buffer = sep+name+"["+occur+"]"+buffer;
+          while (tmp != null && occur == 0) {
+            if ((tmp.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) &&
+                (generic || fullNamesMatch(tmp, cur))) {
+              occur++;
             }
+            tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
+          }
 
-            cur = next;
-
-        } while(cur != null);
+          if (occur != 0) { occur = 1; }
 
-        return buffer;
-    }
-
-    static boolean compareTwoNodes(Node m, Node n) {
-        return nodesAreEqual(m.getLocalName(), n.getLocalName()) &&
-               nodesAreEqual(m.getPrefix(), n.getPrefix());
-    }
-
-    private static boolean nodesAreEqual(Object a, Object b) {
-        return (((a == null) && (b == null)) ||
-                ((a != null) && (b != null) && (b.equals(a))));
-    }
-
-    private static boolean fullNamesMatch(Node a, Node b) {
-        return a.getNodeName().equals(b.getNodeName());
-    }
-
-    private static final Pattern encoded_pattern = Pattern.compile("&amp;|&gt;|&lt;|&#13;");
-    private static final String[] encoded = {"&amp;", "&gt;", "&lt;", "&#13;"};
-    private static final Pattern decoded_pattern = Pattern.compile("&|>|<|\r");
-    private static final String[] decoded = {"&", ">", "<", "\r"};
-
-    private static StringBuffer convert(Pattern ptn, CharSequence input, String[] oldChars, String[] newChars)  {
-        Matcher matcher = ptn.matcher(input);
-        boolean result = matcher.find();
-        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(input.length() + 8);
-        while (result) {
-            String matched = matcher.group();
-            String replacement = "";
-            for (int i=0; i<oldChars.length; i++) {
-                if (matched.contains(oldChars[i])) {
-                    replacement = matched.replace(oldChars[i], newChars[i]);
-                    break;
-                }
-            }
-            matcher.appendReplacement(sb, replacement);
-            result = matcher.find();
+        } else {
+          occur++;
+        }
+      } else if (cur.getNodeType() == Node.COMMENT_NODE) {
+        sep = "/";
+        name = "comment()";
+        next = cur.getParentNode();
+
+        /*
+         * Thumbler index computation.
+         */
+
+        tmp = cur.getPreviousSibling();
+
+        while (tmp != null) {
+          if (tmp.getNodeType() == Node.COMMENT_NODE) {
+            occur++;
+          }
+          tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
         }
-        matcher.appendTail(sb);
-        return sb;
-    }
-
-    public static CharSequence encodeJavaString(CharSequence str) {
-        return convert(decoded_pattern, str, decoded, encoded);
-    }
-
-    public static CharSequence decodeJavaString(CharSequence str) {
-        return convert(encoded_pattern, str, encoded, decoded);
-    }
-
-    public static final String XMLNS_URI = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/";
-    public static boolean isNamespace(Node node) {
-        return (XMLNS_URI.equals(node.getNamespaceURI()) || isNamespace(node.getNodeName()));
-    }
-
-    public static boolean isNamespace(String nodeName) {
-        return (nodeName.startsWith("xmlns"));
-    }
-
-    public static boolean isNonDefaultNamespace(Node node) {
-        return (isNamespace(node) && ! "xmlns".equals(node.getNodeName()));
-    }
-
-    public static boolean isXmlBase(String attrName) {
-        return "xml:base".equals(attrName) || "xlink:href".equals(attrName);
-    }
-
-    public static boolean isBlank(IRubyObject obj) {
-        if ( !(obj instanceof XmlText) ) return false;
-
-        CharSequence content = ((XmlNode) obj).getContentImpl();
-        return content == null || isBlank(content);
-    }
-
-    public static boolean isBlank(CharSequence str) {
-        int len = str.length(); int beg = 0;
-        while ((beg < len) && (str.charAt(beg) <= ' ')) beg++;
-        return beg == len;
-    }
-
-    public static boolean isBlank(String str) {
-        return str.isEmpty() || isBlank((CharSequence) str);
-    }
-
-    public static boolean isNullOrEmpty(String str) {
-        return str == null || str.isEmpty();
-    }
 
-    public static CharSequence canonicalizeWhitespace(CharSequence str) {
-        final int len = str.length();
-        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(len);
-        boolean newline_added = false;
-        for ( int i = 0; i < len; i++ ) {
-            char c = str.charAt(i);
-            if ( c == '\n' ) {
-                if ( ! newline_added ) {
-                    sb.append(c); newline_added = true;
-                }
-            } else {
-                sb.append(c);
+        if (occur == 0) {
+          tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
+          while (tmp != null && occur == 0) {
+            if (tmp.getNodeType() == Node.COMMENT_NODE) {
+              occur++;
             }
+            tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
+          }
+          if (occur != 0) { occur = 1; }
+        } else {
+          occur = 1;
         }
-        return sb;
-    }
-
-    public static String newQName(String newPrefix, Node node) {
-        String tagName = getLocalPart(node.getNodeName());
-        if (newPrefix == null) return tagName;
-        return newPrefix + ':' + tagName;
-    }
 
-    public static IRubyObject[] nodeListToRubyArray(Ruby runtime, NodeList nodes) {
-        IRubyObject[] array = new IRubyObject[nodes.getLength()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
-            array[i] = NokogiriHelpers.getCachedNodeOrCreate(runtime, nodes.item(i));
+      } else if (cur.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE ||
+                 cur.getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE) {
+        // I'm here. gist:129
+        // http://gist.github.com/144923
+
+        sep = "/";
+        name = "text()";
+        next = cur.getParentNode();
+
+        /*
+         * Thumbler index computation.
+         */
+
+        tmp = cur.getPreviousSibling();
+        while (tmp != null) {
+          if (tmp.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE ||
+              tmp.getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE) {
+            occur++;
+          }
+          tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
         }
-        return array;
-    }
 
-    public static IRubyObject[] nodeListToArray(Ruby ruby, List<Node> nodes) {
-        IRubyObject[] result = new IRubyObject[nodes.size()];
-        for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
-            result[i] = NokogiriHelpers.getCachedNodeOrCreate(ruby, nodes.get(i));
-        }
-        return result;
-    }
+        if (occur == 0) {
+          tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
 
-    public static RubyArray nodeArrayToRubyArray(Ruby ruby, Node[] nodes) {
-        RubyArray n = RubyArray.newArray(ruby, nodes.length);
-        for (int i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
-            n.append(NokogiriHelpers.getCachedNodeOrCreate(ruby, nodes[i]));
+          while (tmp != null && occur == 0) {
+            if (tmp.getNodeType() == Node.TEXT_NODE ||
+                tmp.getNodeType() == Node.CDATA_SECTION_NODE) {
+              occur++;
+            }
+            tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
+          }
+        } else {
+          occur++;
         }
-        return n;
-    }
-
-    public static String getValidEncodingOrNull(IRubyObject encoding) {
-        if (encoding.isNil()) return null; // charsetNames does not like contains(null)
-        String enc = rubyStringToString(encoding.convertToString());
-        if (CharsetNames.contains(enc)) return enc;
-        return null;
-    }
 
-    public static String getValidEncoding(IRubyObject encoding) {
-        String validEncoding = getValidEncodingOrNull(encoding);
-        if (validEncoding != null) return validEncoding;
-        return Charset.defaultCharset().name();
-    }
+      } else if (cur.getNodeType() == Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE) {
+        sep = "/";
+        name = "processing-instruction('" + cur.getLocalName() + "')";
+        next = cur.getParentNode();
 
-    private static final Set<String> CharsetNames = Charset.availableCharsets().keySet();
-
-    public static String adjustSystemIdIfNecessary(String currentDir, String scriptFileName, String baseURI, String systemId) {
-        if (systemId == null) return systemId;
-        File file = new File(systemId);
-        if (file.isAbsolute()) return systemId;
-        String path = resolveSystemId(baseURI, systemId);
-        if (path != null) return path;
-        path = resolveSystemId(currentDir, systemId);
-        if (path != null) return path;
-        return resolveSystemId(scriptFileName, systemId);
-    }
+        /*
+         * Thumbler index computation.
+         */
 
-    private static String resolveSystemId(String baseName, String systemId) {
-        if (baseName == null || baseName.length() < 1) return null;
-        String parentName;
-        baseName = baseName.replace("%20", " ");
-        File base = new File(baseName);
-        if (base.isDirectory()) parentName = baseName;
-        else parentName = base.getParent();
-        if (parentName == null) return null;
-        if (parentName.toLowerCase().startsWith("file:")) parentName = parentName.substring("file:".length());
-        File dtdFile = new File(parentName + "/" + systemId);
-        if (dtdFile.exists()) return dtdFile.getPath();
-        return null;
-    }
+        tmp = cur.getParentNode();
 
-    private static final Charset UTF8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
-
-    public static boolean isUTF8(String encoding) {
-        if (encoding == null) return true; // no need to convert encoding
+        while (tmp != null) {
+          if (tmp.getNodeType() == Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE &&
+              tmp.getLocalName().equals(cur.getLocalName())) {
+            occur++;
+          }
+          tmp = tmp.getPreviousSibling();
+        }
 
-        if ("UTF-8".equals(encoding)) return true;
-        return UTF8.aliases().contains(encoding);
-    }
+        if (occur == 0) {
+          tmp = cur.getNextSibling();
 
-    public static ByteBuffer convertEncoding(Charset output_charset, CharSequence input_string) {
-        return output_charset.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(input_string)); // does replace implicitly on un-mappable characters
-    }
+          while (tmp != null && occur == 0) {
+            if (tmp.getNodeType() == Node.PROCESSING_INSTRUCTION_NODE &&
+                tmp.getLocalName().equals(cur.getLocalName())) {
+              occur++;
+            }
+            tmp = tmp.getNextSibling();
+          }
 
-    public static CharSequence convertEncodingByNKFIfNecessary(ThreadContext context, XmlDocument doc, CharSequence str) {
-        if (!(doc instanceof HtmlDocument)) return str;
-        String parsed_encoding = ((HtmlDocument)doc).getPraedEncoding();
-        if (parsed_encoding == null) return str;
-        String ruby_encoding = rubyStringToString(doc.getEncoding());
-        if (ruby_encoding == null) return str;
-        Charset encoding = Charset.forName(ruby_encoding);
-        if (Charset.forName(parsed_encoding).compareTo(encoding) == 0) return str;
-        if (str.length() == 0) return str; // no need to convert
-        return NokogiriHelpers.nkf(context, encoding, str);
-    }
+          if (occur != 0) {
+            occur = 1;
+          }
 
-    private static final ByteList _Sw = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-','S','w' }, false);
-    private static final ByteList _Jw = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-','J','w' }, false);
-    private static final ByteList _Ew = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-','E','w' }, false);
-    private static final ByteList _Ww = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-','W','w' }, false);
-
-    // This method is used from HTML documents. HTML meta tag with encoding specification
-    // might appear after non-ascii characters are used. For example, a title tag before
-    // a meta tag. In such a case, Xerces encodes characters in UTF-8 without seeing meta tag.
-    // Nokogiri uses NKF library to convert characters correct encoding. This means the method
-    // works only for JIS/Shift_JIS/EUC-JP.
-    private static CharSequence nkf(ThreadContext context, Charset encoding, CharSequence str) {
-        final Ruby runtime = context.getRuntime();
-        final ByteList opt;
-        if (NokogiriHelpers.Shift_JIS.compareTo(encoding) == 0) opt = _Sw;
-        else if (NokogiriHelpers.ISO_2022_JP.compareTo(encoding) == 0) opt = _Jw;
-        else if (NokogiriHelpers.EUC_JP.compareTo(encoding) == 0) opt = _Ew;
-        else opt = _Ww; // should not come here. should be treated before this method.
-
-        Class nkfClass;
-        try {
-            // JRuby 1.7 and later
-            nkfClass = runtime.getClassLoader().loadClass("org.jruby.ext.nkf.RubyNKF");
-        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
-            return str;
-        }
-        Method nkf_method;
-        try {
-            nkf_method = nkfClass.getMethod("nkf", ThreadContext.class, IRubyObject.class, IRubyObject.class, IRubyObject.class);
-            RubyString r_str = 
-                (RubyString)nkf_method.invoke(null, context, null, runtime.newString(opt), runtime.newString(str.toString()));
-            return NokogiriHelpers.rubyStringToString(r_str);
-        } catch (SecurityException e) {
-            return str;
-        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
-            return str;
-        } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
-            return str;
-        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
-            return str;
-        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
-            return str;
+        } else {
+          occur++;
         }
-    }
-
-    private static final Charset Shift_JIS = Charset.forName("Shift_JIS");
-    private static final Charset ISO_2022_JP = Charset.forName("ISO-2022-JP"); // JIS
-    private static final Charset EUC_JP = Charset.forName("EUC-JP");
 
-    public static boolean shouldEncode(Node text) {
-        final Boolean encoded = (Boolean) text.getUserData(NokogiriHelpers.ENCODED_STRING);
-        return encoded == null || ! encoded;
-    }
+      } else if (cur.getNodeType() == Node.ATTRIBUTE_NODE) {
+        sep = "/@";
+        name = cur.getLocalName();
 
-    public static boolean shouldDecode(Node text) {
-      return !shouldEncode(text);
-    }
-
-    public static NokogiriNamespaceCache getNamespaceCache(Node node) {
-        XmlDocument xmlDoc = (XmlDocument) getCachedNode(node.getOwnerDocument());
-        return xmlDoc.getNamespaceCache();
-    }
+        if (cur.getNamespaceURI() != null) {
+          if (cur.getPrefix() != null) {
+            name = cur.getPrefix() + ":" + name;
+          }
+        }
 
-    public static Node renameNode(Node node, String namespaceURI, String qualifiedName) throws DOMException {
-        Document doc = node.getOwnerDocument();
-        NokogiriNamespaceCache nsCache = getNamespaceCache(node);
-        Node result = doc.renameNode(node, namespaceURI, qualifiedName);
-        if (result != node) {
-            nsCache.replaceNode(node, result);
+        next = ((Attr) cur).getOwnerElement();
+
+      } else {
+        next = cur.getParentNode();
+      }
+
+      if (occur == 0) {
+        buffer = sep + name + buffer;
+      } else {
+        buffer = sep + name + "[" + occur + "]" + buffer;
+      }
+
+      cur = next;
+
+    } while (cur != null);
+
+    return buffer;
+  }
+
+  static boolean
+  compareTwoNodes(Node m, Node n)
+  {
+    return nodesAreEqual(m.getLocalName(), n.getLocalName()) &&
+           nodesAreEqual(m.getPrefix(), n.getPrefix());
+  }
+
+  private static boolean
+  nodesAreEqual(Object a, Object b)
+  {
+    return (((a == null) && (b == null)) ||
+            ((a != null) && (b != null) && (b.equals(a))));
+  }
+
+  private static boolean
+  fullNamesMatch(Node a, Node b)
+  {
+    return a.getNodeName().equals(b.getNodeName());
+  }
+
+  private static final Pattern encoded_pattern = Pattern.compile("&amp;|&gt;|&lt;|&#13;");
+  private static final String[] encoded = {"&amp;", "&gt;", "&lt;", "&#13;"};
+  private static final Pattern decoded_pattern = Pattern.compile("&|>|<|\r");
+  private static final String[] decoded = {"&", ">", "<", "\r"};
+
+  private static StringBuffer
+  convert(Pattern ptn, CharSequence input, String[] oldChars, String[] newChars)
+  {
+    Matcher matcher = ptn.matcher(input);
+    boolean result = matcher.find();
+    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(input.length() + 8);
+    while (result) {
+      String matched = matcher.group();
+      String replacement = "";
+      for (int i = 0; i < oldChars.length; i++) {
+        if (matched.contains(oldChars[i])) {
+          replacement = matched.replace(oldChars[i], newChars[i]);
+          break;
         }
-        return result;
-    }
+      }
+      matcher.appendReplacement(sb, replacement);
+      result = matcher.find();
+    }
+    matcher.appendTail(sb);
+    return sb;
+  }
+
+  public static CharSequence
+  encodeJavaString(CharSequence str)
+  {
+    return convert(decoded_pattern, str, decoded, encoded);
+  }
+
+  public static CharSequence
+  decodeJavaString(CharSequence str)
+  {
+    return convert(encoded_pattern, str, encoded, decoded);
+  }
+
+  public static final String XMLNS_URI = "http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/";
+  public static boolean
+  isNamespace(Node node)
+  {
+    return (XMLNS_URI.equals(node.getNamespaceURI()) || isNamespace(node.getNodeName()));
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  isNamespace(String nodeName)
+  {
+    return (nodeName.startsWith("xmlns"));
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  isNonDefaultNamespace(Node node)
+  {
+    return (isNamespace(node) && ! "xmlns".equals(node.getNodeName()));
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  isXmlBase(String attrName)
+  {
+    return "xml:base".equals(attrName) || "xlink:href".equals(attrName);
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  isBlank(IRubyObject obj)
+  {
+    if (!(obj instanceof XmlText)) { return false; }
+
+    CharSequence content = ((XmlNode) obj).getContentImpl();
+    return content == null || isBlank(content);
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  isBlank(CharSequence str)
+  {
+    int len = str.length();
+    int beg = 0;
+    while ((beg < len) && (str.charAt(beg) <= ' ')) { beg++; }
+    return beg == len;
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  isBlank(String str)
+  {
+    return str.isEmpty() || isBlank((CharSequence) str);
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  isNullOrEmpty(String str)
+  {
+    return str == null || str.isEmpty();
+  }
+
+  public static CharSequence
+  canonicalizeWhitespace(CharSequence str)
+  {
+    final int len = str.length();
+    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(len);
+    boolean newline_added = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+      char c = str.charAt(i);
+      if (c == '\n') {
+        if (! newline_added) {
+          sb.append(c);
+          newline_added = true;
+        }
+      } else {
+        sb.append(c);
+      }
+    }
+    return sb;
+  }
+
+  public static String
+  newQName(String newPrefix, Node node)
+  {
+    String tagName = getLocalPart(node.getNodeName());
+    if (newPrefix == null) { return tagName; }
+    return newPrefix + ':' + tagName;
+  }
+
+  public static IRubyObject[]
+  nodeListToRubyArray(Ruby runtime, NodeList nodes)
+  {
+    IRubyObject[] array = new IRubyObject[nodes.getLength()];
+    for (int i = 0; i < nodes.getLength(); i++) {
+      array[i] = NokogiriHelpers.getCachedNodeOrCreate(runtime, nodes.item(i));
+    }
+    return array;
+  }
+
+  public static IRubyObject[]
+  nodeListToArray(Ruby ruby, List<Node> nodes)
+  {
+    IRubyObject[] result = new IRubyObject[nodes.size()];
+    for (int i = 0; i < result.length; i++) {
+      result[i] = NokogiriHelpers.getCachedNodeOrCreate(ruby, nodes.get(i));
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  public static RubyArray
+  nodeArrayToRubyArray(Ruby ruby, Node[] nodes)
+  {
+    RubyArray n = RubyArray.newArray(ruby, nodes.length);
+    for (int i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
+      n.append(NokogiriHelpers.getCachedNodeOrCreate(ruby, nodes[i]));
+    }
+    return n;
+  }
+
+  public static String
+  getValidEncodingOrNull(IRubyObject encoding)
+  {
+    if (encoding.isNil()) { return null; } // charsetNames does not like contains(null)
+    String enc = rubyStringToString(encoding.convertToString());
+    if (CharsetNames.contains(enc)) { return enc; }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  public static String
+  getValidEncoding(IRubyObject encoding)
+  {
+    String validEncoding = getValidEncodingOrNull(encoding);
+    if (validEncoding != null) { return validEncoding; }
+    return Charset.defaultCharset().name();
+  }
+
+  private static final Set<String> CharsetNames = Charset.availableCharsets().keySet();
+
+  public static String
+  adjustSystemIdIfNecessary(String currentDir, String scriptFileName, String baseURI, String systemId)
+  {
+    if (systemId == null) { return systemId; }
+    File file = new File(systemId);
+    if (file.isAbsolute()) { return systemId; }
+    String path = resolveSystemId(baseURI, systemId);
+    if (path != null) { return path; }
+    path = resolveSystemId(currentDir, systemId);
+    if (path != null) { return path; }
+    return resolveSystemId(scriptFileName, systemId);
+  }
+
+  private static String
+  resolveSystemId(String baseName, String systemId)
+  {
+    if (baseName == null || baseName.length() < 1) { return null; }
+    String parentName;
+    baseName = baseName.replace("%20", " ");
+    File base = new File(baseName);
+    if (base.isDirectory()) { parentName = baseName; }
+    else { parentName = base.getParent(); }
+    if (parentName == null) { return null; }
+    if (parentName.toLowerCase().startsWith("file:")) { parentName = parentName.substring("file:".length()); }
+    File dtdFile = new File(parentName + "/" + systemId);
+    if (dtdFile.exists()) { return dtdFile.getPath(); }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  private static final Charset UTF8 = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
+
+  public static boolean
+  isUTF8(String encoding)
+  {
+    if (encoding == null) { return true; } // no need to convert encoding
+
+    if ("UTF-8".equals(encoding)) { return true; }
+    return UTF8.aliases().contains(encoding);
+  }
+
+  public static ByteBuffer
+  convertEncoding(Charset output_charset, CharSequence input_string)
+  {
+    return output_charset.encode(CharBuffer.wrap(input_string)); // does replace implicitly on un-mappable characters
+  }
+
+  public static CharSequence
+  convertEncodingByNKFIfNecessary(ThreadContext context, XmlDocument doc, CharSequence str)
+  {
+    if (!(doc instanceof HtmlDocument)) { return str; }
+    String parsed_encoding = ((HtmlDocument)doc).getPraedEncoding();
+    if (parsed_encoding == null) { return str; }
+    String ruby_encoding = rubyStringToString(doc.getEncoding());
+    if (ruby_encoding == null) { return str; }
+    Charset encoding = Charset.forName(ruby_encoding);
+    if (Charset.forName(parsed_encoding).compareTo(encoding) == 0) { return str; }
+    if (str.length() == 0) { return str; } // no need to convert
+    return NokogiriHelpers.nkf(context, encoding, str);
+  }
+
+  private static final ByteList _Sw = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-', 'S', 'w' }, false);
+  private static final ByteList _Jw = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-', 'J', 'w' }, false);
+  private static final ByteList _Ew = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-', 'E', 'w' }, false);
+  private static final ByteList _Ww = new ByteList(new byte[] { '-', 'W', 'w' }, false);
+
+  // This method is used from HTML documents. HTML meta tag with encoding specification
+  // might appear after non-ascii characters are used. For example, a title tag before
+  // a meta tag. In such a case, Xerces encodes characters in UTF-8 without seeing meta tag.
+  // Nokogiri uses NKF library to convert characters correct encoding. This means the method
+  // works only for JIS/Shift_JIS/EUC-JP.
+  private static CharSequence
+  nkf(ThreadContext context, Charset encoding, CharSequence str)
+  {
+    final Ruby runtime = context.getRuntime();
+    final ByteList opt;
+    if (NokogiriHelpers.Shift_JIS.compareTo(encoding) == 0) { opt = _Sw; }
+    else if (NokogiriHelpers.ISO_2022_JP.compareTo(encoding) == 0) { opt = _Jw; }
+    else if (NokogiriHelpers.EUC_JP.compareTo(encoding) == 0) { opt = _Ew; }
+    else { opt = _Ww; } // should not come here. should be treated before this method.
+
+    Class nkfClass;
+    try {
+      // JRuby 1.7 and later
+      nkfClass = runtime.getClassLoader().loadClass("org.jruby.ext.nkf.RubyNKF");
+    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e1) {
+      return str;
+    }
+    Method nkf_method;
+    try {
+      nkf_method = nkfClass.getMethod("nkf", ThreadContext.class, IRubyObject.class, IRubyObject.class, IRubyObject.class);
+      RubyString r_str =
+        (RubyString)nkf_method.invoke(null, context, null, runtime.newString(opt), runtime.newString(str.toString()));
+      return NokogiriHelpers.rubyStringToString(r_str);
+    } catch (SecurityException e) {
+      return str;
+    } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
+      return str;
+    } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
+      return str;
+    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
+      return str;
+    } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
+      return str;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private static final Charset Shift_JIS = Charset.forName("Shift_JIS");
+  private static final Charset ISO_2022_JP = Charset.forName("ISO-2022-JP"); // JIS
+  private static final Charset EUC_JP = Charset.forName("EUC-JP");
+
+  public static boolean
+  shouldEncode(Node text)
+  {
+    final Boolean encoded = (Boolean) text.getUserData(NokogiriHelpers.ENCODED_STRING);
+    return encoded == null || ! encoded;
+  }
+
+  public static boolean
+  shouldDecode(Node text)
+  {
+    return !shouldEncode(text);
+  }
+
+  public static NokogiriNamespaceCache
+  getNamespaceCache(Node node)
+  {
+    XmlDocument xmlDoc = (XmlDocument) getCachedNode(node.getOwnerDocument());
+    return xmlDoc.getNamespaceCache();
+  }
+
+  public static Node
+  renameNode(Node node, String namespaceURI, String qualifiedName) throws DOMException
+  {
+    Document doc = node.getOwnerDocument();
+    NokogiriNamespaceCache nsCache = getNamespaceCache(node);
+    Node result = doc.renameNode(node, namespaceURI, qualifiedName);
+    if (result != node) {
+      nsCache.replaceNode(node, result);
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
 }