nice-ffi 0.3 → 0.4
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- data/ChangeLog.txt +41 -0
- data/README.rdoc +2 -2
- data/lib/nice-ffi/library.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/nice-ffi/pathset.rb +2 -2
- metadata +2 -5
- data/pkg/nice-ffi-0.2/README.rdoc +0 -88
- data/pkg/nice-ffi-0.2/TODO.rdoc +0 -16
- data/pkg/nice-ffi-0.2/docs/usage.rdoc +0 -361
data/ChangeLog.txt
CHANGED
@@ -1,3 +1,44 @@
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------------------------------------------------------------
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Author: John Croisant <jacius@gmail.com>
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Date: Wed Mar 31 17:57:44 2010 -0500
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Nice-FFI 0.4 released.
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M README.rdoc
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M nice-ffi.gemspec
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------------------------------------------------------------
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Author: John Croisant <jacius@gmail.com>
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Date: Tue Mar 9 23:08:31 2010 -0600
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Fixed PathSet not expanding globs (like "*").
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M lib/nice-ffi/pathset.rb
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------------------------------------------------------------
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Author: John Croisant <jacius@gmail.com>
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Date: Sat Jan 30 02:52:27 2010 -0600
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Fixed PathSet failing when a path doesn't end with a separator.
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M lib/nice-ffi/pathset.rb
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------------------------------------------------------------
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Author: John Croisant <jacius@gmail.com>
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Date: Wed Jan 27 16:08:51 2010 -0600
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Fixed DEFAULT_PATHS -> DEFAULT in library.rb.
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M lib/nice-ffi/library.rb
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------------------------------------------------------------
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Author: John Croisant <jacius@gmail.com>
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Date: Mon Jan 18 00:14:29 2010 -0600
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Better globs for rdoc rake task.
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M Rakefile
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------------------------------------------------------------
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Author: John Croisant <jacius@gmail.com>
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Date: Sun Jan 17 21:04:08 2010 -0600
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data/README.rdoc
CHANGED
data/lib/nice-ffi/library.rb
CHANGED
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ module NiceFFI::Library
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#
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# Raises LoadError if it could not find or load the library.
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#
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-
def load_library( names, search_paths=NiceFFI::PathSet::
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def load_library( names, search_paths=NiceFFI::PathSet::DEFAULT )
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names = [names] unless names.kind_of? Array
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data/lib/nice-ffi/pathset.rb
CHANGED
@@ -465,8 +465,8 @@ class NiceFFI::PathSet
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results = paths.collect do |path|
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files.collect do |file|
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names.collect do |name|
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#
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File.expand_path( (path
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# Join path and file, fill in for [NAME], expand, and unglob.
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Dir[ File.expand_path( File.join(path,file).gsub("[NAME]",name) ) ]
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end
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end
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end
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metadata
CHANGED
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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1
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--- !ruby/object:Gem::Specification
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name: nice-ffi
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version: !ruby/object:Gem::Version
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version: "0.
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version: "0.4"
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platform: ruby
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authors:
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- John Croisant
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@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ autorequire:
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bindir: bin
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cert_chain: []
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date: 2010-
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date: 2010-03-31 00:00:00 -05:00
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default_executable:
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dependencies:
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- !ruby/object:Gem::Dependency
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@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@ extensions: []
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extra_rdoc_files: []
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files:
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- pkg/nice-ffi-0.2/docs/usage.rdoc
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- pkg/nice-ffi-0.2/TODO.rdoc
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- pkg/nice-ffi-0.2/README.rdoc
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- docs/usage.rdoc
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- TODO.rdoc
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- README.rdoc
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@@ -1,88 +0,0 @@
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= Nice-FFI
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Version:: 0.2
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Date:: 2009-10-24
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Homepage:: http://github.com/jacius/nice-ffi/
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Author:: John Croisant <jacius@gmail.com>
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Copyright:: 2009 John Croisant
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== Description
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-
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Nice-FFI is a layer on top of Ruby-FFI [1] (and compatible FFI
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systems) with features to ease development of FFI-based libraries.
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Nice-FFI currently features:
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* NiceFFI::Library: a stand-in for FFI::Library that provides methods
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for easily finding and loading libraries on any platform, plus
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automatic wrapping of functions that return struct pointers.
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* NiceFFI::PathSet: a class with customizable rules for finding
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library files on multiple operating system. PathSet is used by
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NiceFFI::Library.load_library.
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* NiceFFI::Struct: a stand-in for FFI::Struct that provides automatic
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accessors for struct members, optional automatic memory management,
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more instance initialization options, pretty to_s and inspect
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methods, and other niceties.
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* NiceFFI::OpaqueStruct: a base class for structs with no user-exposed
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members. Useful when the struct definition is hidden by the
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underlying C library.
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-
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Nice-FFI was originally developed as part of Ruby-SDL-FFI [2].
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1. Ruby-FFI: http://github.com/ffi/ffi
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2. Ruby-SDL-FFI: http://github.com/jacius/ruby-sdl-ffi/
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== Caveats
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|
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Nice-FFI is still in EARLY DEVELOPMENT STAGES. That means:
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-
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* It may not work correctly (or at all).
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* It may not be complete.
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* It may change drastically with no advanced notice.
|
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As such, this library is currently FOR THE ADVENTUROUS ONLY.
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If you are not willing to continuously update your code to
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match the new API, then you should wait until version 1.0.
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== Requirements
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* Ruby-FFI >= 0.4.0 (or compatible FFI implementation)
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-
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== Usage
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See docs/usage.rdoc for usage information.
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-
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== License
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Nice-FFI is licensed under the following terms (the "MIT License"):
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Copyright (c) 2009 John Croisant
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
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a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
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"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
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without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
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distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
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permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
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the following conditions:
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
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included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
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EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
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MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
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IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
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CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
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TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
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SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
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data/pkg/nice-ffi-0.2/TODO.rdoc
DELETED
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= TODO
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* Struct
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* Write accessor for nested structs (not struct pointers).
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See comment in NiceFFI::Struct._make_writer for details.
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* Specs
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* Library (use a mock for ffi_lib.)
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* PathSet#find (use a mock for File.exist?.)
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* Struct
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* TypedPointer
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* Better documentation comments
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* Library#attach_function
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* Library#load_library
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@@ -1,361 +0,0 @@
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= Using Nice-FFI
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This is a guide on how to use Nice-FFI's features. It assumes that you
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are already somewhat familiar with Ruby-FFI.
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== NiceFFI::Library
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NiceFFI::Library is a drop-in replacement for FFI::Library. It provides
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improved library finding abilities and support for TypedPointer return
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types for attached functions.
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In fact, NiceFFI::Library *is* FFI::Library, but with a few extras.
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That means that you can do all the regular FFI::Library stuff as well
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as the stuff described here.
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=== load_library
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NiceFFI::Library.load_library is a more convenient replacement for
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FFI::Library.ffi_lib. It uses NiceFFI::PathSet to search for the
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library in the most likely places, depending on the user's operating
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system. For example, on Linux it would look for "lib[NAME].so" in
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"/usr/lib/" (among others), while on Windows it would look for
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"[NAME].dll" in "C:\windows\system32\".
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Using load_library is easy. Just use "extend NiceFFI::Library" instead
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of "extend FFI::Library", and use "load_library" instead of "ffi_lib":
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require 'nice-ffi'
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module MyLibraryModule
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extend NiceFFI::Library
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load_library("SDL") # look for libSDL.so, SDL.dll, etc.
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# structs, functions, etc. as usual.
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end
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==== Advanced load_library
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As mentioned, load_library uses NiceFFI::PathSet to search for the
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library in likely directories. Specifically, it looks for:
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paths = {
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/linux|bsd/ => [ "/usr/local/lib/",
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"/usr/lib/" ],
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/darwin/ => [ "/usr/local/lib/",
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"/sw/lib/",
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"/opt/local/lib/",
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"~/Library/Frameworks/",
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"/Library/Frameworks/" ],
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/windows/ => [ "C:\\windows\\system32\\",
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"C:\\windows\\system\\" ]
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}
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files = {
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/linux|bsd/ => [ "lib[NAME].so" ],
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/darwin/ => [ "lib[NAME].dylib",
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"[NAME].framework/[NAME]" ],
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/windows/ => [ "[NAME].dll" ]
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}
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NiceFFI::PathSet::DEFAULT = NiceFFI::PathSet.new( paths, files )
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|
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|
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The paths hash tells PathSet where to look for libraries, and the
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files hash tells it the format of the library filename itself. The
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string "[NAME]" is replaced with whatever string you pass to
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load_library.
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|
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Each key in the hash should be a Regexp that matches an OS name from
|
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FFI::Platform::OS. As of this writing (October 2009), the list of
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recognized OS names is:
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* "darwin" (MacOS X)
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* "freebsd"
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* "linux"
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* "openbsd"
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* "solaris"
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* "windows"
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|
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So, if the user is running Linux and you try to load "SDL", it will
|
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first look for "/usr/local/lib/libSDL.so". If it can't find that, it
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will then look for "/usr/lib/libSDL.so". It would also use those same
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paths for FreeBSD or OpenBSD, because those OS names also match the
|
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regexp /linux|bsd/.
|
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|
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If the library could not be found in any of the given directories with
|
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the given file name formats, load_library will just try loading "SDL"
|
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using ffi_lib (which does some platform-appropriate guesses too). If
|
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that fails too, LoadError is raised.
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If you want to load from a different path, you can make a custom
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PathSet and pass it to load_library:
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libs_dir = File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/libs/"
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pathset = NiceFFI::PathSet::DEFAULT.prepend( libs_dir )
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load_library( "SDL", my_pathset )
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|
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|
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The above example prepends (adds in front) the new paths so
|
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that load_library will look for the library in "./libs/" first.
|
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See PathSet for other useful methods for modifying PathSets.
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-
|
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|
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Another advanced usage tip: If a library has several alternative
|
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names, you can provide an Array of names:
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|
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|
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# It might be called "foo", "foo2", or "Foo".
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|
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load_library( ["foo", "foo2", "Foo"] )
|
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|
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=== attach_function
|
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|
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NiceFFI::Library#attach_function behaves similarly to
|
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FFI::Library#attach_function, except it supports TypedPointer return
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values. For example, suppose you have a C function:
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|
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MyStruct *make_my_struct( int x, int y );
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|
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This returns a pointer to an instance of MyStruct. With FFI, you'd
|
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write this to attach it:
|
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|
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|
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attach_function :make_my_struct, [:int, :int], :pointer
|
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|
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|
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And when you called it, it would return an FFI::Pointer, which you
|
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would then have to manually wrap every time you called the method:
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-
|
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-
|
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ptr = make_my_struct( 1, 2 )
|
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mystruct = MyStruct.new( ptr )
|
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|
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|
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|
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With TypedPointer, the wrapping happens automatically. Just attach
|
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the function with a TypedPointer instead of :pointer:
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|
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attach_function :make_my_struct, [:int, :int], NiceFFI::TypedPointer( MyStruct )
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|
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# If MyStruct is based on NiceFFI::Struct, you can do this instead:
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|
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attach_function :make_my_struct, [:int, :int], MyStruct.typed_pointer
|
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|
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|
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Then you automatically get a MyStruct instance when you call the function:
|
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|
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|
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|
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mystruct = make_my_struct( 1, 2 )
|
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mystruct.instance_of?( MyStruct ) # => Heck yeah it sure is!
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|
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|
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|
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Voila!
|
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|
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|
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== NiceFFI::Struct
|
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|
-
|
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|
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NiceFFI::Struct is a replacement for FFI::Struct. It provides several
|
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features in addition to the normal FFI::Struct behavior:
|
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|
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* Ability to construct new instances from Array, Hash, another instance,
|
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or a pointer as usual.
|
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* Automatic read and write accessors for struct members.
|
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* Accessors for struct pointer members with TypedPointer.
|
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* Ability to dump an instance as an Array (#to_ary) or Hash (#to_hash).
|
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* Pretty and useful #to_s and #inspect for debugging.
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=== Constructors
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NiceFFI::Struct allows you to construct a new struct instance from
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a Hash, Array, or another existing instance of the same struct type.
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It can also accept a pointer, just as with FFI::Struct.
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class MyStruct < NiceFFI::Struct
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layout :x, :int,
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:y, :int
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end
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mystruct = MyStruct.new( {:x => 1, :y => 2} ) # from Hash
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mystruct2 = MyStruct.new( [1,2] ) # from Array
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mystruct3 = MyStruct.new( mystruct ) # from another instance
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mystruct4 = MyStruct.new( ptr ) # from Pointer
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=== Struct Member Accessors
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Struct members are defined automatically when you use
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NiceFFI::Struct.layout:
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class MyStruct < NiceFFI::Struct
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layout :x, :int,
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:y, :int
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end
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mystruct = MyStruct.new({:x => 1, :y => 2})
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mystruct.x # => 1
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mystruct.y # => 2
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mystruct.x = 3
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mystruct.y = -4
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Sometimes a struct will have members that should be read-only,
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or completely hidden. In those cases, you can use
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NiceFFI::Struct.read_only and NiceFFI::Struct.hidden.
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class MySneakyStruct < NiceFFI::Struct
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layout :readme, :int,
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:readme2, :int,
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:hideme, :pointer,
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:hideme2, :pointer,
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:normal, :uint32
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read_only :readme, :readme2
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hidden :hideme, :hideme2
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end
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sneaky = MySneakyStruct.new( ... )
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read_only prevents a write accessor from being created (or removes
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it if there is already one). hidden does the same, but for both
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read and write accessors. hidden also prevents the member from
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being shown in #to_s and #inspect.
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read_only and hidden can go before or after layout (or both),
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and you can safely call them multiple times if you need to.
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=== TypedPointer Struct Member Accessors
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|
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Some struct members are :pointers that point to other structs.
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With FFI::Struct, you'd have to manually wrap and unwrap the
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struct pointer, but if you specify a TypedPointer instead of
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:pointer, NiceFFI::Struct will wrap and unwrap it automatically:
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|
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|
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class StructWithPtr < NiceFFI::Struct
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layout :x, :int,
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:y, :int,
|
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:my, NiceFFI::TypedPointer( MyStruct )
|
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end
|
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|
267
|
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struct = StructWithPtr.new( :x => -1,
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:y => -2,
|
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:my => MyStruct.new([1,2]) )
|
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|
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# Seamlessly wraps the pointer in a struct
|
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struct.my.kind_of? MyStruct # true
|
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|
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# Seamlessly unwraps the struct and stores the pointer
|
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|
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struct.my = MyStruct.new([-4,-3])
|
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|
277
|
-
|
278
|
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=== Automatic Memory Managment
|
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|
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|
280
|
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Ruby-FFI already provides automatic memory management when you create
|
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|
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a FFI::MemoryPointer or FFI::Buffer instance. When those instances are
|
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|
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garbage collected, their memory is automatically released so it can be
|
283
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used elsewhere.
|
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|
285
|
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That feature is used by NiceFFI::Struct when you create a new instance
|
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|
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by passing a Hash, Array, String, or another instance. In those cases,
|
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|
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new memory is allocated for the struct instance, and automatically
|
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|
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released when the struct instance is galbage collected.
|
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|
-
|
290
|
-
NiceFFI::Struct also provides an optional automatic memory management
|
291
|
-
system for normal pointers. To use this system, define a "release"
|
292
|
-
class method in your class. Then if you create a new struct instance
|
293
|
-
with an FFI::Pointer, the release class method will automatically be
|
294
|
-
called when the memory for a struct instance needs to be freed.
|
295
|
-
|
296
|
-
(This also applies to attached functions with TypedPointer return
|
297
|
-
values. The pointers returned from those functions are wrapped in the
|
298
|
-
struct class, so if you have defined the release class method, they
|
299
|
-
will be automatically memory managed.)
|
300
|
-
|
301
|
-
The release class method must accept an FFI::Pointer and call an
|
302
|
-
appropriate function to free the struct's memory. Here's an example
|
303
|
-
from Ruby-SDL-FFI:
|
304
|
-
|
305
|
-
|
306
|
-
class Surface < NiceFFI::Struct
|
307
|
-
|
308
|
-
def self.release( pointer )
|
309
|
-
SDL.FreeSurface( pointer )
|
310
|
-
end
|
311
|
-
|
312
|
-
# ...
|
313
|
-
|
314
|
-
end
|
315
|
-
|
316
|
-
|
317
|
-
Note: the release class method should not have any side effects
|
318
|
-
besides freeing the struct's memory. Don't be clever!
|
319
|
-
|
320
|
-
The memory management system keeps a reference count for each pointer
|
321
|
-
address, so the release class method will only be called when all
|
322
|
-
struct instances that are using that memory have been garbage
|
323
|
-
collected. That means it's safe to have many instances sharing the
|
324
|
-
same memory.
|
325
|
-
|
326
|
-
If you want to create an instance that doesn't use the memory
|
327
|
-
management system, you can disable the :autorelease option when
|
328
|
-
creating the instance, like so:
|
329
|
-
|
330
|
-
|
331
|
-
struct = MyStructClass.new( a_pointer, :autorelease => false )
|
332
|
-
|
333
|
-
|
334
|
-
== NiceFFI::OpaqueStruct
|
335
|
-
|
336
|
-
Some C libraries have structs with no publicly-visible layout.
|
337
|
-
Instead, the internal details are hidden, and only modified by calling
|
338
|
-
functions in the library.
|
339
|
-
|
340
|
-
For example, the SDL_mixer library has this definition in its header
|
341
|
-
file:
|
342
|
-
|
343
|
-
|
344
|
-
typedef struct _Mix_Music Mix_Music;
|
345
|
-
|
346
|
-
|
347
|
-
"_Mix_Music" is a struct that is defined within SDL_mixer, but its
|
348
|
-
internals are different depending on what features SDL_mixer was
|
349
|
-
compiled with. The struct members are not revealed in the header file,
|
350
|
-
so they can't be accessed like a normal struct.
|
351
|
-
|
352
|
-
NiceFFI provides a class for handling special cases like this,
|
353
|
-
NiceFFI::OpaqueStruct. OpaqueStruct has no layout and no members, and
|
354
|
-
cannot be created by passing in Hashes, Arrays, etc. It simply holds a
|
355
|
-
pointer to the struct memory. As with NiceStruct (and FFI::Struct),
|
356
|
-
instances of OpaqueStruct-based classes can be passed directly to
|
357
|
-
functions expecting a pointer of the appropriate struct type.
|
358
|
-
|
359
|
-
OpaqueStruct features the same optional memory management system as
|
360
|
-
NiceStruct. Read the "Automatic Memory Management" section above for
|
361
|
-
information about how to use this feature.
|