mml 2.3.0 → 2.3.2

data/reference-docs/mathml-source/xml/mathml-spec.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+<!-- $Id: mathml-spec.xml,v 1.144 2003/10/18 10:47:38 davidc Exp $ -->
+<!DOCTYPE spec SYSTEM  "../pubtext/mathmlspec.dtd" [
+
+<!-- entities for front-matter -->
+<!ENTITY pub.mail      "www-math@w3.org"> 
+<!ENTITY date.day      "21">
+<!ENTITY date.month    "October"> 
+<!ENTITY date.monthnum "10"> 
+<!ENTITY date.year     "2003"> 
+<!ENTITY doc.date      "&date.year;&date.monthnum;&date.day;"> 
+<!ENTITY doc.prefix    "REC-MathML2-">
+<!ENTITY doc.type      "Recommendation">
+<!ENTITY tr.url        "http://www.w3.org/TR">
+<!ENTITY this.url      "&tr.url;/&date.year;/&doc.prefix;&doc.date;/"> 
+<!ENTITY latest.url    "&tr.url;/MathML2/">
+<!ENTITY latest.loc    "<loc href='&latest.url;'>&latest.url;</loc>">
+
+
+<!-- entities for embedding -->
+<!ENTITY introduction        SYSTEM "introduction.xml"        >
+<!ENTITY fundamentals        SYSTEM "fundamentals.xml"        >
+<!ENTITY presentation-markup SYSTEM "presentation-markup.xml" >
+<!ENTITY content-markup      SYSTEM "content-markup.xml"      >
+<!ENTITY mixing              SYSTEM "mixing.xml"              >
+<!ENTITY character-set       SYSTEM "character-set.xml"       >
+<!ENTITY interface           SYSTEM "interface.xml"           >
+<!ENTITY dom-intro           SYSTEM "dom-intro.xml"           >
+<!ENTITY parsing             SYSTEM "parsing.xml"             >
+<!ENTITY operator-dict       SYSTEM "operator-dict.xml"       >
+<!ENTITY validation-grammar  SYSTEM "validation-grammar.xml"  >
+<!ENTITY content-element-def SYSTEM "content-element-def.xml" >
+<!ENTITY mathml-dom          SYSTEM "mathml-dom.xml"          >
+<!ENTITY mathml-css          SYSTEM "mathml-css-sample.xml"          >
+<!ENTITY glossary            SYSTEM "glossary.xml"            >
+<!ENTITY contributors        SYSTEM "contributors.xml"        >
+<!ENTITY changes             SYSTEM "changes.xml"             >
+<!ENTITY references          SYSTEM "references.xml"          >
+<!ENTITY dom-bindings        SYSTEM "dom-bindings.xml"        >
+<!ENTITY index               SYSTEM "mathml-index.xml"        >
+
+<!ATTLIST el namespace CDATA #IMPLIED>
+]>
+
+<spec w3c-doctype="rec">
+<header>
+<title>Mathematical Markup Language (MathML) Version 2.0 (Second Edition)</title>
+<w3c-designation>&doc.prefix;&doc.date;</w3c-designation>
+<w3c-doctype>W3C &doc.type;</w3c-doctype>
+<pubdate><day>&date.day;</day> <month>&date.month;</month> <year>&date.year;</year>
+</pubdate>
+<publoc>
+ <loc href="&this.url;">&this.url;</loc>
+</publoc>
+<altlocs>
+ <loc href="overview-d.html">diff marked HTML version</loc>
+ <loc href="overview.xml">XHTML+MathML version</loc>
+ <loc href="mathml-p.pdf">PDF (paper formatted) version</loc>
+ <loc href="mathml-s.pdf">PDF (screen formatted) version</loc>
+ <loc href="mathml-source.zip">zip archive of XML sources and stylesheets</loc>
+ <loc href="mathml-html.zip">zip archive of (X)HTML documents</loc>
+</altlocs>
+<latestloc>
+&latest.loc;
+</latestloc>
+<latestloc role="rec">
+<loc href="&tr.url;/MathML/">&tr.url;/MathML/</loc>
+</latestloc>
+<prevlocs>
+<loc href="&tr.url;/2003/PER-MathML2-20030804/">&tr.url;/2003/PER-MathML2-20030804/</loc>
+<!--
+<loc href="&tr.url;/2001/REC-MathML2-20010221/">&tr.url;/2001/REC-MathML2-20010221/</loc>
+<loc href="&tr.url;/2003/WD-MathML2-20030411/">&tr.url;/2003/WD-MathML2-20030411/</loc>
+<loc href="&tr.url;/2002/WD-MathML2-20021219/">&tr.url;/2002/WD-MathML2-20021219/</loc>
+--></prevlocs>
+
+<authlist>
+<author>
+<name>Ron Ausbrooks</name>
+<affiliation>MacKichan Software</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Stephen Buswell</name>
+<affiliation>Stilo Technology</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author role="editor">
+<name>David Carlisle</name>
+<affiliation>NAG</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>St&eacute;phane Dalmas</name>
+<affiliation>INRIA, Sophia Antipolis</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Stan Devitt</name>
+<affiliation>Stratum Technical Services Ltd.</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Angel Diaz</name>
+<affiliation>IBM Research Division, Yorktown Heights, NY</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author  diff="add">
+<name>Max Froumentin</name>
+<affiliation>W3C</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Roger Hunter</name>
+<affiliation>MacKichan Software</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author role="editor">
+<name>Patrick Ion</name>
+<affiliation>Mathematical Reviews, American Mathematical Society</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author diff="add">
+<name>Michael Kohlhase</name>
+<affiliation>Carnegie Mellon University</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author role="editor">
+<name>Robert Miner</name>
+<affiliation>Design Science, Inc.</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author role="editor">
+<name>Nico Poppelier</name>
+<affiliation>Penta Scope</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Bruce Smith</name>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Neil Soiffer</name>
+<affiliation>Wolfram Research</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Robert Sutor</name>
+<affiliation>IBM Research Division, Yorktown Heights, NY</affiliation>
+</author>
+<author>
+<name>Stephen Watt</name>
+<affiliation>University of Western Ontario</affiliation>
+</author>
+</authlist>
+
+<errataloc>
+  <loc href="http://www.w3.org/2003/06/mathml2e2-errata.html">errata</loc>
+</errataloc>
+
+<translationloc>
+<loc href="http://www.w3.org/2001/02/MathML2-translations">http://www.w3.org/2001/02/MathML2-translations</loc>
+</translationloc>
+
+<status id="status">
+
+<p diff="chg"><emph> This section describes the status of this document at the time
+of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A
+list of current W3C publications and the latest revision of this
+technical report can be found in the <loc
+href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">W3C technical reports index</loc> at
+http://www.w3.org/TR/.</emph></p> 
+
+<p>
+This <phrase diff="add">is a revised edition of a</phrase> document 
+<phrase diff="add">that</phrase> has been reviewed by W3C Members and other interested
+parties and has been endorsed by the Director as a 
+<loc
+href="http://www.w3.org/2003/06/Process-20030618/tr.html#RecsW3C">W3C
+Recommendation</loc>. 
+<phrase diff="del">It
+is a stable document and may be used as reference
+material or cited as a normative reference from another
+document. W3C's role in making the Recommendation is to draw attention
+to the specification and to promote its widespread deployment. This
+enhances the functionality and interoperability of the Web.</phrase>
+</p>
+
+
+<p>
+This document has been produced by the <loc
+href="http://www.w3.org/Math/">W3C Math Working Group</loc> as part of
+<phrase diff="chg">W3C <loc
+href="http://www.w3.org/Math/Activity">Math
+Activity</loc>.
+The goals of the W3C Math Working Group are
+discussed in the <loc
+href="http://www.w3.org/Math/Documents/Charter2001.html"> W3C Math WG
+Charter</loc> (revised February 2000 and June 2001 from the original of 11
+June 1998)</phrase>.  A list of <intref
+ref="contributors">participants in the W3C Math Working Group</intref>
+is available.
+</p>
+
+<p diff="chg"> The MathML 2.0 (Second Edition) specification was reviewed extensively during its development,
+  as provided by the W3C Process.  During that period the W3C Math Working
+  Group participants encouraged implementation using the specification and comment on
+  it; a report on <loc href="http://www.w3.org/Math/iandi/">Implementation and
+    Interoperability</loc> experiences and issues has been made public.  It is
+  intended that this will be updated from time to time by the continuing work of the
+  W3C that oversees the MathML 2.0 Recommendation.  The W3C Math Activity
+  maintains a public Web page <loc href="http://www.w3.org/Math/">http://www.w3.org/Math/</loc>
+  which contains further background information.
+</p>
+
+<p diff="add">
+The preparation of a Second Edition of the MathML 2.0 Specification 
+allows the revision of that document to provide a coherent whole
+containing corrections to all the known errata and clarifications of 
+some smaller issues that proved problematic.  It is not the occasion
+for any fundamental changes in the language MathML 2.0. To clarify this a
+<loc href="./overview-d.html">diff-marked HTML version</loc> of this Second Edition
+is made available.
+</p>
+
+<p>Public discussion of MathML and issues of support through the W3C
+for mathematics on the Web takes place on <loc
+href="mailto:&pub.mail;"> the public mailing list of the Math Working
+Group</loc> (<loc
+href="http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/www-math/">list archives</loc>).
+To subscribe send an email to <loc
+href="mailto:www-math-request@w3.org">www-math-request@w3.org</loc>
+with the word <code>subscribe</code> in the subject line.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Please report errors in this document to <loc
+href="mailto:&pub.mail;">www-math@w3.org</loc>. 
+<phrase diff="del">The list of known errors in
+this document is available at
+<loc href="http://www.w3.org/2001/02/MathML2-errata">http://www.w3.org/2001/02/MathML2-errata</loc>.</phrase>
+</p>
+
+<p diff="del">
+The English version of this specification is the only normative
+version. Information about translations of this document is available
+at <loc href="http://www.w3.org/2001/02/MathML2-translations">http://www.w3.org/2001/02/MathML2-translations</loc>.
+</p>
+
+<p diff="del">The MathML 2.0 Recommendation is made available in different formats.
+In case of a discrepancy between any of the derived forms and that found
+in the W3C's archive of Recommendations the definitive version is
+naturally the archived Recommendation.
+</p>
+
+<p diff="del">
+A list of all current W3C Technical Reports can be found at <loc
+href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">http://www.w3.org/TR</loc>.
+</p>
+
+<p diff="add">
+Patent disclosures relevant to this specification may be found on 
+the Math Working Group's <loc href="http://www.w3.org/Math/Disclosures">patent
+disclosure page</loc>.
+</p>
+
+<p><phrase diff="add">The basic structure of this document is the same as that of
+the earlier MathML 2.0 Recommendation <bibref ref="MathML2"/>, with
+the addition of an index in the new Appendix L.
+MathML 2.0 itself was a revision of the earlier W3C Recommendation MathML 1.01
+<bibref ref="MathML1"/>. It differed from it in that all chapters were updated and
+two new ones and some appendices were added.</phrase>
+</p>
+
+<p diff="chg">Since MathML 1.01,
+Chapters 1 and 2, which are introductory material, have been revised
+to reflect the changes elsewhere in the document, and in the rapidly
+evolving Web environment.  Chapters 3 and 4 have been extended to
+describe new functionalities added as well as smaller improvements of
+material already proposed. Chapter 5 has been newly written to reflect
+changes in the technology available. The major tables in Chapter 6
+have been regenerated and reorganized to reflect an improved list of 
+characters useful for mathematics, and the text revised to reflect the
+new situation in regard to Unicode.  Chapter 7 has been completely
+revised since Web technology has changed. A new Chapter 8 on the DOM for
+MathML 2.0 has been added; the latter points to new appendices D and E for
+detailed listings.</p>
+
+<p diff="chg">The appendices have been reorganized into normative and
+non-normative groups.  The material in Appendices D, E, G and L 
+was not present in MathML 1.01.
+</p>
+
+</status>
+
+<abstract id="abstract">
+
+<p>This specification defines the Mathematical Markup Language, or <termdef
+id="td-mathml" term="mathml">MathML</termdef>. MathML is an XML application
+for describing mathematical notation and capturing both its structure and
+content. The goal of MathML is to enable mathematics to be served,
+received, and processed on the World Wide Web, just as <termdef
+id="td-html" term="html">HTML</termdef> has enabled this functionality for
+text.</p>
+
+<p>This specification of the markup language MathML is intended
+primarily for a readership consisting of those who will be developing
+or implementing renderers or editors using it, or software that will
+communicate using MathML as a protocol for input or output. It is
+<emph>not</emph> a User's Guide but rather a reference document.</p>
+
+<p>This document begins with background information on mathematical
+notation, the problems it poses, and the philosophy underlying the
+solutions MathML 2.0 proposes. MathML can be used to encode both
+mathematical notation and mathematical content. About thirty of the
+MathML tags describe abstract notational structures, while another
+about one hundred and fifty provide a way of unambiguously specifying
+the intended meaning of an expression. Additional chapters discuss how
+the MathML content and presentation elements interact, and how MathML
+renderers might be implemented and should interact with
+browsers. Finally, this document addresses the issue of MathML
+characters and their relation to fonts.</p>
+
+<p>While MathML is human-readable, it is anticipated that, in all but
+the simplest cases, authors will use equation editors, conversion
+programs, and other specialized software tools to generate
+MathML. Several <phrase diff="del">early </phrase>versions of such MathML tools already exist, and
+a number of others, both freely available software and commercial
+products, are under development.</p>
+</abstract>
+
+<langusage>
+<language id="en">English</language>
+</langusage>
+<revisiondesc>
+<p>This is revision 2.0 of MathML.</p>
+</revisiondesc>
+</header>
+
+<body>
+&introduction;
+&fundamentals;
+&presentation-markup;
+&content-markup;
+&mixing;
+&character-set;
+&interface;
+&dom-intro;
+</body>
+
+<back>
+<!-- normative appendices -->
+&parsing;
+&validation-grammar;
+&content-element-def;
+&mathml-dom;
+
+<!-- non-normative appendices -->
+&dom-bindings;
+&operator-dict;
+&mathml-css;
+&glossary;
+&contributors;
+&changes;
+&references;
+&index;
+</back>
+</spec>
+
+