misha-ar-octopus 0.8.5

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Files changed (157) hide show
  1. checksums.yaml +7 -0
  2. data/.gitignore +11 -0
  3. data/.rspec +2 -0
  4. data/.rubocop.yml +46 -0
  5. data/.rubocop_todo.yml +56 -0
  6. data/.ruby-version +1 -0
  7. data/.travis.yml +18 -0
  8. data/Appraisals +16 -0
  9. data/Gemfile +4 -0
  10. data/README.mkdn +242 -0
  11. data/Rakefile +172 -0
  12. data/TODO.txt +7 -0
  13. data/ar-octopus.gemspec +42 -0
  14. data/gemfiles/rails32.gemfile +7 -0
  15. data/gemfiles/rails4.gemfile +7 -0
  16. data/gemfiles/rails41.gemfile +7 -0
  17. data/gemfiles/rails42.gemfile +7 -0
  18. data/init.rb +1 -0
  19. data/lib/ar-octopus.rb +1 -0
  20. data/lib/octopus.rb +181 -0
  21. data/lib/octopus/abstract_adapter.rb +35 -0
  22. data/lib/octopus/association.rb +13 -0
  23. data/lib/octopus/association_shard_tracking.rb +114 -0
  24. data/lib/octopus/collection_association.rb +11 -0
  25. data/lib/octopus/collection_proxy.rb +16 -0
  26. data/lib/octopus/exception.rb +4 -0
  27. data/lib/octopus/has_and_belongs_to_many_association.rb +9 -0
  28. data/lib/octopus/load_balancing.rb +4 -0
  29. data/lib/octopus/load_balancing/round_robin.rb +20 -0
  30. data/lib/octopus/log_subscriber.rb +22 -0
  31. data/lib/octopus/migration.rb +168 -0
  32. data/lib/octopus/model.rb +210 -0
  33. data/lib/octopus/persistence.rb +39 -0
  34. data/lib/octopus/proxy.rb +534 -0
  35. data/lib/octopus/railtie.rb +11 -0
  36. data/lib/octopus/relation_proxy.rb +35 -0
  37. data/lib/octopus/scope_proxy.rb +61 -0
  38. data/lib/octopus/shard_tracking.rb +41 -0
  39. data/lib/octopus/shard_tracking/attribute.rb +22 -0
  40. data/lib/octopus/shard_tracking/dynamic.rb +11 -0
  41. data/lib/octopus/singular_association.rb +9 -0
  42. data/lib/octopus/slave_group.rb +13 -0
  43. data/lib/octopus/version.rb +3 -0
  44. data/lib/tasks/octopus.rake +16 -0
  45. data/rails/init.rb +1 -0
  46. data/sample_app/.gitignore +4 -0
  47. data/sample_app/.rspec +1 -0
  48. data/sample_app/Gemfile +20 -0
  49. data/sample_app/README +3 -0
  50. data/sample_app/README.rdoc +261 -0
  51. data/sample_app/Rakefile +7 -0
  52. data/sample_app/app/assets/images/rails.png +0 -0
  53. data/sample_app/app/assets/javascripts/application.js +15 -0
  54. data/sample_app/app/assets/stylesheets/application.css +13 -0
  55. data/sample_app/app/controllers/application_controller.rb +4 -0
  56. data/sample_app/app/helpers/application_helper.rb +2 -0
  57. data/sample_app/app/mailers/.gitkeep +0 -0
  58. data/sample_app/app/models/.gitkeep +0 -0
  59. data/sample_app/app/models/item.rb +3 -0
  60. data/sample_app/app/models/user.rb +3 -0
  61. data/sample_app/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb +14 -0
  62. data/sample_app/autotest/discover.rb +2 -0
  63. data/sample_app/config.ru +4 -0
  64. data/sample_app/config/application.rb +62 -0
  65. data/sample_app/config/boot.rb +6 -0
  66. data/sample_app/config/cucumber.yml +8 -0
  67. data/sample_app/config/database.yml +28 -0
  68. data/sample_app/config/environment.rb +5 -0
  69. data/sample_app/config/environments/development.rb +37 -0
  70. data/sample_app/config/environments/production.rb +67 -0
  71. data/sample_app/config/environments/test.rb +37 -0
  72. data/sample_app/config/initializers/backtrace_silencers.rb +7 -0
  73. data/sample_app/config/initializers/inflections.rb +15 -0
  74. data/sample_app/config/initializers/mime_types.rb +5 -0
  75. data/sample_app/config/initializers/secret_token.rb +7 -0
  76. data/sample_app/config/initializers/session_store.rb +8 -0
  77. data/sample_app/config/initializers/wrap_parameters.rb +14 -0
  78. data/sample_app/config/locales/en.yml +5 -0
  79. data/sample_app/config/routes.rb +58 -0
  80. data/sample_app/config/shards.yml +28 -0
  81. data/sample_app/db/migrate/20100720172715_create_users.rb +15 -0
  82. data/sample_app/db/migrate/20100720172730_create_items.rb +16 -0
  83. data/sample_app/db/migrate/20100720210335_create_sample_users.rb +11 -0
  84. data/sample_app/db/schema.rb +29 -0
  85. data/sample_app/db/seeds.rb +16 -0
  86. data/sample_app/doc/README_FOR_APP +2 -0
  87. data/sample_app/features/migrate.feature +45 -0
  88. data/sample_app/features/seed.feature +15 -0
  89. data/sample_app/features/step_definitions/seeds_steps.rb +13 -0
  90. data/sample_app/features/step_definitions/web_steps.rb +218 -0
  91. data/sample_app/features/support/database.rb +13 -0
  92. data/sample_app/features/support/env.rb +57 -0
  93. data/sample_app/features/support/paths.rb +33 -0
  94. data/sample_app/lib/assets/.gitkeep +0 -0
  95. data/sample_app/lib/tasks/.gitkeep +0 -0
  96. data/sample_app/lib/tasks/cucumber.rake +64 -0
  97. data/sample_app/log/.gitkeep +0 -0
  98. data/sample_app/public/404.html +26 -0
  99. data/sample_app/public/422.html +26 -0
  100. data/sample_app/public/500.html +26 -0
  101. data/sample_app/public/favicon.ico +0 -0
  102. data/sample_app/public/images/rails.png +0 -0
  103. data/sample_app/public/index.html +279 -0
  104. data/sample_app/public/javascripts/application.js +2 -0
  105. data/sample_app/public/javascripts/controls.js +965 -0
  106. data/sample_app/public/javascripts/dragdrop.js +974 -0
  107. data/sample_app/public/javascripts/effects.js +1123 -0
  108. data/sample_app/public/javascripts/prototype.js +4874 -0
  109. data/sample_app/public/javascripts/rails.js +118 -0
  110. data/sample_app/public/robots.txt +5 -0
  111. data/sample_app/public/stylesheets/.gitkeep +0 -0
  112. data/sample_app/script/cucumber +10 -0
  113. data/sample_app/script/rails +6 -0
  114. data/sample_app/spec/models/item_spec.rb +5 -0
  115. data/sample_app/spec/models/user_spec.rb +5 -0
  116. data/sample_app/spec/spec_helper.rb +27 -0
  117. data/sample_app/vendor/assets/javascripts/.gitkeep +0 -0
  118. data/sample_app/vendor/assets/stylesheets/.gitkeep +0 -0
  119. data/sample_app/vendor/plugins/.gitkeep +0 -0
  120. data/spec/config/shards.yml +217 -0
  121. data/spec/migrations/10_create_users_using_replication.rb +9 -0
  122. data/spec/migrations/11_add_field_in_all_slaves.rb +11 -0
  123. data/spec/migrations/12_create_users_using_block.rb +23 -0
  124. data/spec/migrations/13_create_users_using_block_and_using.rb +15 -0
  125. data/spec/migrations/14_create_users_on_shards_of_a_group_with_versions.rb +11 -0
  126. data/spec/migrations/15_create_user_on_shards_of_default_group_with_versions.rb +9 -0
  127. data/spec/migrations/1_create_users_on_master.rb +9 -0
  128. data/spec/migrations/2_create_users_on_canada.rb +11 -0
  129. data/spec/migrations/3_create_users_on_both_shards.rb +11 -0
  130. data/spec/migrations/4_create_users_on_shards_of_a_group.rb +11 -0
  131. data/spec/migrations/5_create_users_on_multiples_groups.rb +11 -0
  132. data/spec/migrations/6_raise_exception_with_invalid_shard_name.rb +11 -0
  133. data/spec/migrations/7_raise_exception_with_invalid_multiple_shard_names.rb +11 -0
  134. data/spec/migrations/8_raise_exception_with_invalid_group_name.rb +11 -0
  135. data/spec/migrations/9_raise_exception_with_multiple_invalid_group_names.rb +11 -0
  136. data/spec/octopus/association_shard_tracking_spec.rb +714 -0
  137. data/spec/octopus/collection_proxy_spec.rb +16 -0
  138. data/spec/octopus/log_subscriber_spec.rb +19 -0
  139. data/spec/octopus/migration_spec.rb +115 -0
  140. data/spec/octopus/model_spec.rb +693 -0
  141. data/spec/octopus/octopus_spec.rb +123 -0
  142. data/spec/octopus/proxy_spec.rb +307 -0
  143. data/spec/octopus/relation_proxy_spec.rb +93 -0
  144. data/spec/octopus/replicated_slave_grouped_spec.rb +91 -0
  145. data/spec/octopus/replication_spec.rb +137 -0
  146. data/spec/octopus/scope_proxy_spec.rb +63 -0
  147. data/spec/octopus/sharded_replicated_slave_grouped_spec.rb +55 -0
  148. data/spec/octopus/sharded_spec.rb +33 -0
  149. data/spec/spec_helper.rb +16 -0
  150. data/spec/support/active_record/connection_adapters/modify_config_adapter.rb +15 -0
  151. data/spec/support/database_connection.rb +4 -0
  152. data/spec/support/database_models.rb +118 -0
  153. data/spec/support/octopus_helper.rb +55 -0
  154. data/spec/support/query_count.rb +17 -0
  155. data/spec/support/shared_contexts.rb +18 -0
  156. data/spec/tasks/octopus.rake_spec.rb +32 -0
  157. metadata +388 -0
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
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+ begin
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+ module Octopus
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+ class Railtie < Rails::Railtie
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+ rake_tasks do
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+ Dir[File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '../tasks/*.rake')].each { |ext| load ext }
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ rescue LoadError
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+ # nop
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
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+ module Octopus
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+ class RelationProxy < BasicObject
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+ include ::Octopus::ShardTracking::Attribute
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+
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+ module CaseFixer
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+ def ===(other)
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+ other = other.ar_relation while ::Octopus::RelationProxy === other
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+ super
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ attr_accessor :ar_relation
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+
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+ def initialize(shard, ar_relation)
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+ @current_shard = shard
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+ @ar_relation = ar_relation
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+ end
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+
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+ def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
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+ @ar_relation.public_send(method, *args, &block)
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+ end
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+
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+ def ==(other)
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+ case other
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+ when ::Octopus::RelationProxy
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+ method_missing(:==, other.ar_relation)
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+ else
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+ method_missing(:==, other)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ alias_method :eql?, :==
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ ActiveRecord::Relation.extend(Octopus::RelationProxy::CaseFixer)
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
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+ module Octopus
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+ class ScopeProxy < BasicObject
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+ include ::Octopus::ShardTracking::Attribute
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+
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+ module CaseFixer
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+ def ===(other)
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+ other = other.klass while ::Octopus::ScopeProxy === other
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+ super
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ attr_accessor :klass
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+
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+ def initialize(shard, klass)
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+ @current_shard = shard
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+ @klass = klass
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+ end
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+
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+ def using(shard)
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+ fail "Nonexistent Shard Name: #{shard}" if @klass.connection.instance_variable_get(:@shards)[shard].nil?
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+ @current_shard = shard
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+ self
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+ end
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+
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+ # Transaction Method send all queries to a specified shard.
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+ def transaction(options = {}, &block)
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+ run_on_shard { @klass = klass.transaction(options, &block) }
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+ end
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+
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+ def connection
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+ @klass.connection_proxy.current_shard = @current_shard
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+
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+ if @klass.custom_octopus_connection && @klass.allowed_shard?(@current_shard)
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+ # Force use of proxy, given we called 'using' explicitly to get here
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+ @klass.connection_proxy.current_model = @klass
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+ @klass.connection_proxy
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+ else
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+ @klass.connection
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ def method_missing(method, *args, &block)
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+ result = run_on_shard { @klass.send(method, *args, &block) }
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+ if result.respond_to?(:all)
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+ @klass = result
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+ return self
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+ end
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+
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+ result
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+ end
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+
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+ # Delegates to method_missing (instead of @klass) so that User.using(:blah).where(:name => "Mike")
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+ # gets run in the correct shard context when #== is evaluated.
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+ def ==(other)
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+ method_missing(:==, other)
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+ end
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+ alias_method :eql?, :==
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ ActiveRecord::Relation.extend(Octopus::ScopeProxy::CaseFixer)
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
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+ module Octopus
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+ module ShardTracking
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+ def self.included(base)
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+ base.extend(ClassMethods)
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+ end
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+
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+ module ClassMethods
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+ # If the class which includes this module responds to the class
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+ # method sharded_methods, then automagically alias_method_chain
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+ # a sharding-friendly version of each of those methods into existence
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+ def sharded_methods(*methods)
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+ methods.each { |m| create_sharded_method(m) }
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+ end
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+
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+ def create_sharded_method(name)
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+ name.to_s =~ /([^!?]+)([!?])?/
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+ method, punctuation = [Regexp.last_match[1], Regexp.last_match[2]]
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+ with = :"#{method}_with_octopus#{punctuation}"
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+ without = :"#{method}_without_octopus#{punctuation}"
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+ define_method with do |*args, &block|
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+ run_on_shard { send(without, *args, &block) }
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+ end
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+ alias_method_chain name.to_sym, :octopus
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ # Adds run_on_shard method, but does not implement current_shard method
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+ def run_on_shard(&block)
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+ if (cs = current_shard)
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+ r = ActiveRecord::Base.connection_proxy.run_queries_on_shard(cs, &block)
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+ # Use a case statement to avoid any path through ActiveRecord::Delegation's
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+ # respond_to? code. We want to avoid the respond_to? code because it can have
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+ # the side effect of causing a call to load_target
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+ r = Octopus::RelationProxy.new(cs, r) if ActiveRecord::Relation === r and not Octopus::RelationProxy === r
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+ r
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+ else
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+ yield
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
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+ # Adds current_shard as an attribute; provide a default
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+ # implementation of set_current_shard which considers
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+ # only the current ActiveRecord::Base.connection_proxy
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+ module Octopus
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+ module ShardTracking
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+ module Attribute
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+ def self.included(base)
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+ base.send(:include, Octopus::ShardTracking)
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+ end
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+
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+ attr_accessor :current_shard
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+
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+ def set_current_shard
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+ return unless Octopus.enabled?
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+
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+ if ActiveRecord::Base.connection_proxy.block
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+ self.current_shard = ActiveRecord::Base.connection_proxy.current_shard
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
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+ require 'octopus/shard_tracking'
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+
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+ module Octopus
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+ module ShardTracking
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+ module Dynamic
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+ def self.included(base)
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+ base.send(:include, Octopus::ShardTracking)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+ module Octopus
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+ module SingularAssociation
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+ def self.included(base)
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+ base.sharded_methods :reader, :writer, :create, :create!, :build
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ ActiveRecord::Associations::SingularAssociation.send(:include, Octopus::SingularAssociation)
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+ module Octopus
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+ class SlaveGroup
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+ def initialize(slaves)
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+ slaves = HashWithIndifferentAccess.new(slaves)
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+ slaves_list = slaves.values
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+ @load_balancer = Octopus.load_balancer.new(slaves_list)
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+ end
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+
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+ def next
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+ @load_balancer.next
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
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+ module Octopus
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+ VERSION = '0.8.5'
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+ end
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+ namespace :octopus do
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+ desc 'Copy schema version information from master to all shards'
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+ task :copy_schema_versions => :environment do
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+ abort('Octopus is not enabled for this environment') unless Octopus.enabled?
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+
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+ connection = ActiveRecord::Base.connection
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+
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+ current_version = ActiveRecord::Migrator.current_version
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+ migrations_paths = ActiveRecord::Migrator.migrations_paths
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+
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+ connection.send_queries_to_multiple_shards(connection.shard_names) do
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+ ActiveRecord::Schema.initialize_schema_migrations_table
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+ ActiveRecord::Schema.assume_migrated_upto_version(current_version, migrations_paths)
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+ end
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+ end
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+ end
data/rails/init.rb ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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+ require 'octopus'
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
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+ .bundle
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+ db/*.sqlite3
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+ log/*.log
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+ tmp/**/*
data/sample_app/.rspec ADDED
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+ --colour
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+ source 'https://rubygems.org'
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+
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+ gem 'rails', '3.2.13'
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+
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+ # Bundle edge Rails instead:
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+ # gem 'rails', :git => 'git://github.com/rails/rails.git'
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+
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+ gem 'pg'
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+ gem 'sqlite3'
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+ gem 'ar-octopus', '0.6.0'
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+ gem 'pry'
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+
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+ group :test do
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+ gem 'capybara'
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+ gem 'cucumber-rails', :require => false
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+ gem 'launchy'
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+ gem 'rspec-rails'
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+ gem 'aruba'
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+ gem 'database_cleaner'
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+ end
data/sample_app/README ADDED
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+ == Welcome to the Octopus test app!
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+
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+ This is a sample app, created for testing propouses.
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+ == Welcome to Rails
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+
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+ Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create
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+ database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Control pattern.
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+
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+ This pattern splits the view (also called the presentation) into "dumb"
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+ templates that are primarily responsible for inserting pre-built data in between
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+ HTML tags. The model contains the "smart" domain objects (such as Account,
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+ Product, Person, Post) that holds all the business logic and knows how to
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+ persist themselves to a database. The controller handles the incoming requests
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+ (such as Save New Account, Update Product, Show Post) by manipulating the model
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+ and directing data to the view.
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+
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+ In Rails, the model is handled by what's called an object-relational mapping
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+ layer entitled Active Record. This layer allows you to present the data from
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+ database rows as objects and embellish these data objects with business logic
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+ methods. You can read more about Active Record in
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+ link:files/vendor/rails/activerecord/README.html.
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+
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+ The controller and view are handled by the Action Pack, which handles both
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+ layers by its two parts: Action View and Action Controller. These two layers
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+ are bundled in a single package due to their heavy interdependence. This is
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+ unlike the relationship between the Active Record and Action Pack that is much
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+ more separate. Each of these packages can be used independently outside of
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+ Rails. You can read more about Action Pack in
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+ link:files/vendor/rails/actionpack/README.html.
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+
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+
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+ == Getting Started
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+
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+ 1. At the command prompt, create a new Rails application:
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+ <tt>rails new myapp</tt> (where <tt>myapp</tt> is the application name)
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+
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+ 2. Change directory to <tt>myapp</tt> and start the web server:
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+ <tt>cd myapp; rails server</tt> (run with --help for options)
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+
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+ 3. Go to http://localhost:3000/ and you'll see:
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+ "Welcome aboard: You're riding Ruby on Rails!"
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+
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+ 4. Follow the guidelines to start developing your application. You can find
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+ the following resources handy:
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+
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+ * The Getting Started Guide: http://guides.rubyonrails.org/getting_started.html
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+ * Ruby on Rails Tutorial Book: http://www.railstutorial.org/
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+
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+
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+ == Debugging Rails
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+
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+ Sometimes your application goes wrong. Fortunately there are a lot of tools that
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+ will help you debug it and get it back on the rails.
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+
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+ First area to check is the application log files. Have "tail -f" commands
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+ running on the server.log and development.log. Rails will automatically display
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+ debugging and runtime information to these files. Debugging info will also be
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+ shown in the browser on requests from 127.0.0.1.
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+
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+ You can also log your own messages directly into the log file from your code
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+ using the Ruby logger class from inside your controllers. Example:
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+
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+ class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
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+ def destroy
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+ @weblog = Weblog.find(params[:id])
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+ @weblog.destroy
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+ logger.info("#{Time.now} Destroyed Weblog ID ##{@weblog.id}!")
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ The result will be a message in your log file along the lines of:
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+
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+ Mon Oct 08 14:22:29 +1000 2007 Destroyed Weblog ID #1!
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+
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+ More information on how to use the logger is at http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/
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+
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+ Also, Ruby documentation can be found at http://www.ruby-lang.org/. There are
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+ several books available online as well:
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+
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+ * Programming Ruby: http://www.ruby-doc.org/docs/ProgrammingRuby/ (Pickaxe)
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+ * Learn to Program: http://pine.fm/LearnToProgram/ (a beginners guide)
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+
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+ These two books will bring you up to speed on the Ruby language and also on
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+ programming in general.
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+
83
+
84
+ == Debugger
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+
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+ Debugger support is available through the debugger command when you start your
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+ Mongrel or WEBrick server with --debugger. This means that you can break out of
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+ execution at any point in the code, investigate and change the model, and then,
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+ resume execution! You need to install ruby-debug to run the server in debugging
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+ mode. With gems, use <tt>sudo gem install ruby-debug</tt>. Example:
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+
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+ class WeblogController < ActionController::Base
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+ def index
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+ @posts = Post.all
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+ debugger
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+ end
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+ end
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+
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+ So the controller will accept the action, run the first line, then present you
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+ with a IRB prompt in the server window. Here you can do things like:
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+
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+ >> @posts.inspect
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+ => "[#<Post:0x14a6be8
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+ @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>,
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+ #<Post:0x14a6620
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+ @attributes={"title"=>"Rails", "body"=>"Only ten..", "id"=>"2"}>]"
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+ >> @posts.first.title = "hello from a debugger"
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+ => "hello from a debugger"
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+
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+ ...and even better, you can examine how your runtime objects actually work:
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+
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+ >> f = @posts.first
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+ => #<Post:0x13630c4 @attributes={"title"=>nil, "body"=>nil, "id"=>"1"}>
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+ >> f.
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+ Display all 152 possibilities? (y or n)
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+
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+ Finally, when you're ready to resume execution, you can enter "cont".
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+
119
+
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+ == Console
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+
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+ The console is a Ruby shell, which allows you to interact with your
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+ application's domain model. Here you'll have all parts of the application
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+ configured, just like it is when the application is running. You can inspect
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+ domain models, change values, and save to the database. Starting the script
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+ without arguments will launch it in the development environment.
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+
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+ To start the console, run <tt>rails console</tt> from the application
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+ directory.
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+
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+ Options:
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+
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+ * Passing the <tt>-s, --sandbox</tt> argument will rollback any modifications
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+ made to the database.
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+ * Passing an environment name as an argument will load the corresponding
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+ environment. Example: <tt>rails console production</tt>.
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+
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+ To reload your controllers and models after launching the console run
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+ <tt>reload!</tt>
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+
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+ More information about irb can be found at:
142
+ link:http://www.rubycentral.org/pickaxe/irb.html
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+
144
+
145
+ == dbconsole
146
+
147
+ You can go to the command line of your database directly through <tt>rails
148
+ dbconsole</tt>. You would be connected to the database with the credentials
149
+ defined in database.yml. Starting the script without arguments will connect you
150
+ to the development database. Passing an argument will connect you to a different
151
+ database, like <tt>rails dbconsole production</tt>. Currently works for MySQL,
152
+ PostgreSQL and SQLite 3.
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+
154
+ == Description of Contents
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+
156
+ The default directory structure of a generated Ruby on Rails application:
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+
158
+ |-- app
159
+ | |-- assets
160
+ | | |-- images
161
+ | | |-- javascripts
162
+ | | `-- stylesheets
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+ | |-- controllers
164
+ | |-- helpers
165
+ | |-- mailers
166
+ | |-- models
167
+ | `-- views
168
+ | `-- layouts
169
+ |-- config
170
+ | |-- environments
171
+ | |-- initializers
172
+ | `-- locales
173
+ |-- db
174
+ |-- doc
175
+ |-- lib
176
+ | |-- assets
177
+ | `-- tasks
178
+ |-- log
179
+ |-- public
180
+ |-- script
181
+ |-- test
182
+ | |-- fixtures
183
+ | |-- functional
184
+ | |-- integration
185
+ | |-- performance
186
+ | `-- unit
187
+ |-- tmp
188
+ | `-- cache
189
+ | `-- assets
190
+ `-- vendor
191
+ |-- assets
192
+ | |-- javascripts
193
+ | `-- stylesheets
194
+ `-- plugins
195
+
196
+ app
197
+ Holds all the code that's specific to this particular application.
198
+
199
+ app/assets
200
+ Contains subdirectories for images, stylesheets, and JavaScript files.
201
+
202
+ app/controllers
203
+ Holds controllers that should be named like weblogs_controller.rb for
204
+ automated URL mapping. All controllers should descend from
205
+ ApplicationController which itself descends from ActionController::Base.
206
+
207
+ app/models
208
+ Holds models that should be named like post.rb. Models descend from
209
+ ActiveRecord::Base by default.
210
+
211
+ app/views
212
+ Holds the template files for the view that should be named like
213
+ weblogs/index.html.erb for the WeblogsController#index action. All views use
214
+ eRuby syntax by default.
215
+
216
+ app/views/layouts
217
+ Holds the template files for layouts to be used with views. This models the
218
+ common header/footer method of wrapping views. In your views, define a layout
219
+ using the <tt>layout :default</tt> and create a file named default.html.erb.
220
+ Inside default.html.erb, call <% yield %> to render the view using this
221
+ layout.
222
+
223
+ app/helpers
224
+ Holds view helpers that should be named like weblogs_helper.rb. These are
225
+ generated for you automatically when using generators for controllers.
226
+ Helpers can be used to wrap functionality for your views into methods.
227
+
228
+ config
229
+ Configuration files for the Rails environment, the routing map, the database,
230
+ and other dependencies.
231
+
232
+ db
233
+ Contains the database schema in schema.rb. db/migrate contains all the
234
+ sequence of Migrations for your schema.
235
+
236
+ doc
237
+ This directory is where your application documentation will be stored when
238
+ generated using <tt>rake doc:app</tt>
239
+
240
+ lib
241
+ Application specific libraries. Basically, any kind of custom code that
242
+ doesn't belong under controllers, models, or helpers. This directory is in
243
+ the load path.
244
+
245
+ public
246
+ The directory available for the web server. Also contains the dispatchers and the
247
+ default HTML files. This should be set as the DOCUMENT_ROOT of your web
248
+ server.
249
+
250
+ script
251
+ Helper scripts for automation and generation.
252
+
253
+ test
254
+ Unit and functional tests along with fixtures. When using the rails generate
255
+ command, template test files will be generated for you and placed in this
256
+ directory.
257
+
258
+ vendor
259
+ External libraries that the application depends on. Also includes the plugins
260
+ subdirectory. If the app has frozen rails, those gems also go here, under
261
+ vendor/rails/. This directory is in the load path.